BDB9138 H8478
BDB9137 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9139
תַּחַת noun [masculine] the under part (Arabic id.), hence as adverb accusative and preposition underneath, below, instead of (so Arabic , Sabean תחת, Ethiopic Phoenician תחת (Lzb385); Biblical Aramaic ᵑ7, תְּחוֺת, Palmyrene in מן לתחת Tariff Gen 1:4 (Cooke320), Syriac ); — 1. as
adverb accusative Gen 49:25 (=
Deut 33:13) the deep
רֹבֶצֶת תָּ֑חַת that coucheth
beneath; more usually with
מִן,
מִתָּחַת literally
off (
מִן 1 c)
the under part = beneath,
Exod 20:4 (=
Deut 5:8)
בָּאָרֶץ מִתָּ֑חַת (so
Deut 4:39;
Josh 2:1l
1Kgs 8:23 [both
D2],
Isa 51:6),
Deut 33:27;
Judg 7:8;
Amos 2:9;
Isa 14:9;
Job 18:16;
Ezek 47:1b
II. as
preposition; so construct, and with suffix (usually in the plural, and so literally
in the parts underneath)
תַּחְתַּי Hab 3:16+,
חַתֵּנִי (compare
בַּעֲדֵנִי,
עוֺדֶנִּי:
Ges«GKC:103d»§ 103d)
2Sam 22:37;
2Sam 22:40;
2Sam 22:48 (
Ps 18:37;
Ps 18:40;
Ps 18:48 תַּחְתָּ֑י);
תַּחְתֶּיךָ;
תַּחְתָּיו (
Kt תַּחְתּוֺ 2Sam 2:23;
2Sam 3:12;
2Sam 16:8;
Job 9:13),
תֵּחְתֶּיהָ Lev 13:23 + 16 t.,
תַּחְתֶּ֫נָּה (compare
אֵינֶנָּה,
עוֺדֶנָּה)
Gen 2:21 תַּחְתֵּינוּ 1Sam 14:9;
Ps 47:4 תַּחְתֵּיהֶם Josh 2:14;
Amos 2:13 תַּחְתֵּיהֶם Num 16:31;
1Kgs 20:24;
1Chr 4:41;
1Chr 5:22;
2Chr 12:10 (for
תַּחְתָּם 1Kgs 14:27),
תַּחְתָּם Deut 2:12 + 10 t.,
תַּחְתֵּקהֶן Jer 28:13 —
1. under, beneath,
Gen 7:19 הַשָּׁמַיִם תַּחַת כָּלֿ under the whole heaven (so
Deut 2:25;
Deut 4:19;
Job 28:24;
Job 37:3;
Job 41:3;
Dan 9:12),
Dan 18:4 הָעֵץ ׳ת,
Dan 21:15;
Dan 24:2 + often;
Job 30:14 שׁוֺאָה ׳תּ under the crash they roll themselves against me;
הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ ׳ת Eccl 1:3;
Eccl 1:9;
Eccl 1:13 + often Ecclesiastes (so in Phoenician,
Cooke4. 7; 5. 12). With
לְ 2Chr 4:3 תַּחַת לוֺ,
Song 2:6 =
Song 8:3 לְראֹשִׁי ׳ת. Idiomatic
a. תַּחַת הָהָר at the foot of the mountain,
Exod 24:4;
Deut 4:11, so
Deut 3:17 ׳אַשְׁדֹּת הַפִּסְגָּה ת Josh 11:3;
Josh 11:17 +; figurative
Ps 18:37 תַּחְתָּ֑י תַּרְחִיד אְעָדַי thou broadenest mysteps
under me,
Job 36:15 רַחַב לאֹ מוּצָק תַּחְתֶּיךָ (so read for
תחתיה,
Di Bu) breadth unstraitened is
beneath thee. b. ׳הַלָּשׁוֺן ת, of something held there as a dainty morsel, and ready, when needed, to be brought out, figurative of sweetness
Song 4:11, of evil
Ps 10:7 ׳לְשֹׁנוֺ עָמָל וָאָוֶן ת,
Job 20:12 (so
שְׁפָתֵימוֺ ׳ת Ps 140:4), of praise
Ps 66:17 לְשֹׁנוֺ ׳וְרוֺמַם ת (synonym
בִּגְרוֺנָם Ps 149:6).
c. ׳תַּחַת פ:
(
a) of subjection,
Ps 18:40 תַּחְתָּ֑י תַּכְּ רִיעַ קָמַי, v
Ps 18:48 (compare
Ps 47:4;
Ps 144:2),
Ps 45:6;
Job 9:13.
(
b) of a woman,
אִישָׁתּ ׳ת, i.e. under his authority,
Num 5:19;
Num 5:20;
Num 5:29, so
Ezek 23:5 תַּחְתַּי being
under me = being
mine (figurative of Israel as
׳י's spouse), compare
ὕπανδρος Rom 7:2, and
Qor 66:10.
(
c) of being burdened or oppressed under,
Isa 24:5 the earth
יָֽשְׁבֶיהָ ׳הָֽנְפָה ת,
Prov 30:21 שָׁלוֺשׁ רָגְזָה אֶרֶץ ׳ת, v
Prov 30:22 v
Prov 30:23;
Hab 3:7 אָיֶן ׳ת i.e. (si vera 1.) suffering
under calamity.
d. ׳יַד פ ׳ת, of authority or control,
Gen 41:35 יַד פַּרְעֹה ׳וְיִצְבְּרוּ בָר ת;
Judg 3:30 (compare
Ps 106:42),
1Sam 21:4;
1Sam 21:5 (strike out
אֶל; dittograph
חֹל), v.
1Sam 21:9;
Isa 3:6.
e. ׳רַגְלֵי פ ׳ת, of subjection or conquest,
Ps 8:7 רַגְלָיו כֹּל ׳שַׁתָּה ת,
Ps 18:39;
Ps 47:4;
Lam 3:34, compare
Mal 3:31.
2. what is under one,
the place in which one stands: hence as accusative,
a. with reflexive pronoun, idiomatic,
in one's place, where one stands,
Exod 16:29 תַּחְתָּיו שְׁבוּ אִישׁ abide every one
in his place,
Lev 13:23;
Lev 13:28;
Josh 5:8;
Josh 6:5;
Josh 6:20;
Judg 7:21;
1Sam 14:9 וְעָמַדְנוּ תַחְתֵּינוּ we will
remain where we are,
2Sam 2:23 וַיָּמָת תַּחְתָּו he died
where he was (compare
Jer 38:9 [read
וּמֵת]),
Jer 7:10;
Isa 25:10;
Isa 46:7;
Amos 2:13;
Hab 3:16 וְתַחְתַּי אֶרְגָּ֑ז I tremble
where I stand,
Zech 12:6;
Zech 14:10;
Job 36:20;
Job 40:12 תַּחְתָּם b. in transferred sense,
in place of, instead of: (a) Gen 2:18;
Gen 4:25 הֶבֶל ׳ת instead of Abel,
Gen 22:13 בְּנוֺ ׳ת,
Gen 30:2 אלהיס אנכי ׳הֲת (compare
Gen 50:19),
Gen 44:33;
2Sam 19:1 + often;
Job 16:4;
Isa 3:24;
Isa 55:13;
Isa 61:3;
Isa 61:7 of one succeeding to the place of another,
תַּחְתָּיו וַיִּמְחֹ Gen 36:33-49
1Kgs 8:20;
1Kgs 11:43;
1Kgs 14:20 + often,
Deut 2:12;
Deut 2:21 וַיֵָּֽשְׁבוּ תַחְתָּם,
Lev 16:32;
1Kgs 2:35 +;
Ps 45:17 in place of thy fathers (whom thou mayest therefore forget) will be thy children. compare in Ph
CISi.3.9 (
Cooke30). Sq. infinitive
Isa 60:15 הֱיוֺתֵח ׳ת instead of thy being . . . Peculiarly
Job 34:26 (si vera lectio)=
as if they were, like; but text very dubious;
Bi Bu תָּחֵת חֲמָתוֺ רְשָׁעִ֑ים his wrath breaketh in pieces the wicked.
(b) in particular, of things mutually interchanged,
in place of, in exchange or
return for: Gen 30:15 דּוּדָאֵי בְנֵח ׳ת in return, for thy son's love-apples,
Exod 21:23)
גֶפְשׁlife
for life, v
Exod 21:24 v
Exod 21:25 v
Exod 21:26 v
Exod 21:27 v
Exod 21:36 v.
Exod 22:37,
Josh 2:14 נַפְשֵׁנוּ תַחְתֵּיכֶם לָמוּת,
1Sam 2:20;
1Kgs 20:39 נפשׁו ׳נפשׁך ת, v
1Kgs 20:42 (compare
2Kgs 10:24),
2Kgs 21:2;
Isa 43:3;
Isa 43:4 often with verbs of requiting,
Gen 44:4 טוֺבָם ׳לָ֫מּה שִׁלַּמְתֶּם רָעָה ת why have ye rewarded evil
in exchange for good ?
1Sam 25:21;
2Sam 16:12;
2Sam 19:22;
Ps 35:12 טוֺבָה ׳יְשַׁלְּמוּנִי דָעָה ת,
Ps 38:21a;
Ps 109:4;
Ps 109:5;
Prov 17:3 +;
Jer 5:19 תַּחַת מֶה in return for what? (compare
עַלמֶֿה Jer 22:8;
Deut 29:23;
1Kgs 9:8). So followed by infinitive
Ps 38:21b.
2. מִתַּחַת (=
ὑπ’ ἐκ):
a. alone,
from under, from beneath as
מִתַּחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם Gen 1:7, and especially after such verbs as
שִׁחֵת Gen 6:17,
מָחֶה Exod 17:14;
Deut 9:14;
Deut 25:19;
Deut 29:19;
2Kgs 14:27,
הֶאֲבִיד Deut 7:24, compare
Lam 3:66;
Ezek 47:1 a
מִפְּתַּן ׳מִתּ הַבַּיִת,
Prov 22:27 לָ֫מָּה יִקַח מִשְׁכָּֽבְּךָ מִּתַּחְתֶּיךָ;
Exod 6:6;
Exod 6:7 סִבְלוֺת מִצְרַיִם ׳מִתּ,
Hos 4:12 אֱלֹהֵיהֶם ׳וַיִּזְנוּ מִתּ (compare
II. 1 c a, b);
׳יַד פ ׳מִתּ (compare
II. 1 d)
from under the hand (power)
of ...
Exod 18:10;
2Kgs 8:20;
2Kgs 8:22;
2Kgs 13:5;
2Kgs 17:7 +;
מִתַּחְתָּיו (compare
II. 2 a)
from his place Exod 10:23;
Zech 6:12. Rarely =
תַּחַת or
׳מִתַּחַת לְ,
Gen 1:9 (
P)
Ezek 1:8;
Ezek 42:9;
Ezek 46:23;
Job 26:5.
b. ׳מִתַּחַת לְ (opposed to
׳מִמַּעַל לְ)
under, beneath: Gen 1:17 ׳הַמַּיִם אֲשֶׁר מִתּ לָרָקִיעַ,
Exod 20:4 הַמַּיִם מִתַּחַת לָאָרֶץ (so
Deut 4:18;
Deut 5:8),
Judg 3:16 לְמַדָּיו ׳מִתּ,
Jer 38:12 +; of locality,
Gen 35:8 לְבֵיתְאֵל ׳מִתּ,
1Sam 7:11;
1Kgs 4:12.
c. ׳לְמִתַּחַת לְ ( compare
מִן 9 b),
id quod ׳מִתַּחַת לְ 1Kgs 7:32.
BDB9998 H8460 H8478 H8479
BDB9997 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9999
תְּחוֺת preposition under (Biblical Hebrew תַּחַתּ; ᵑ7 תְּחוֺת, Syriac , , adverb ; Palmyrene מן לתחת Cooke320); — Dan 7:27 תְּחוֺת כָּלשְֿׁמַיָּא (compare Biblical Hebrew II. 1); in plural with suffix (as Biblical Hebrew, Syriac, ᵑ7) Dan 4:9 תְּחֹתֹהִי (so ᵑ7Onk Lev 15:10: Dalm§ 47, 2), vLev 15:18. With מִן, Jer 10:11 מִן תְּחוֺת שְׁמַיָּא (compare Biblical Hebrew III. 2); suffix Dan 4:11 מִןתַּֿחְתּוֺהִי (the form as Syriac adverb above, unless a Hebraizing punct.).