1 Kings 18:44

וַֽיְהִי֙ בַּשְּׁבִעִ֔ית וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה עָ֛ב קְטַנָּ֥ה כְּכַף אִ֖ישׁ עֹלָ֣ה מִיָּ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֲלֵ֨ה אֱמֹ֤ר אֶל אַחְאָב֙ אֱסֹ֣ר וָרֵ֔ד וְלֹ֥א יַֽעֲצָרְכָ֖ה הַגָּֽשֶׁם
And it came to pass at the seventh time, that he said, Behold, there ariseth a little cloud out of the sea, like a man's hand. And he said, Go up, say unto Ahab, Prepare thy chariot, and get thee down, that the rain stop thee not.
Connections

Luke 12:54

Ἔλεγεν δὲ καὶ τοῖς ὄχλοις Ὅταν ἴδητε τὴν νεφέλην ἀνατέλλουσαν ἀπὸ δυσμῶν εὐθέως λέγετε Ὄμβρος ἔρχεται καὶ γίνεται οὕτως·
54
And he said also to the people, When ye see a cloud rise out of the west, straightway ye say, There cometh a shower; and so it is.

Job 8:7

וְהָיָה רֵאשִׁיתְךָ מִצְעָר וְאַחֲרִֽיתְךָ יִשְׂגֶּה מְאֹֽד׃
7
Though thy beginning was small, yet thy latter end should greatly increase.

Micah 1:13

רְתֹם הַמֶּרְכָּבָה לָרֶכֶשׁ יוֹשֶׁבֶת לָכִישׁ רֵאשִׁית חַטָּאת הִיא לְבַת-צִיּוֹן כִּי-בָךְ נִמְצְאוּ פִּשְׁעֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
13
O thou inhabitant of Lachish, bind the chariot to the swift beast: she is the beginning of the sin to the daughter of Zion: for the transgressions of Israel were found in thee.

Zechariah 4:10

כִּי מִי בַז לְיוֹם קְטַנּוֹת וְשָׂמְחוּ וְרָאוּ אֶת-הָאֶבֶן הַבְּדִיל בְּיַד זְרֻבָּבֶל שִׁבְעָה-אֵלֶּה עֵינֵי יְהוָה הֵמָּה מְשׁוֹטְטִים בְּכָל-הָאָֽרֶץ׃
10
For who hath despised the day of small things? for they shall rejoice, and shall see the plummet in the hand of Zerubbabel with those seven; they are the eyes of the LORD, which run to and fro through the whole earth.

1 Samuel 6:10

וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ הָֽאֲנָשִׁים כֵּן וַיִּקְחוּ שְׁתֵּי פָרוֹת עָלוֹת וַיַּֽאַסְרוּם בָּֽעֲגָלָה וְאֶת-בְּנֵיהֶם כָּלוּ בַבָּֽיִת׃
10
And the men did so; and took two milch kine, and tied them to the cart, and shut up their calves at home:

1 Samuel 6:7

וְעַתָּה קְחוּ וַֽעֲשׂוּ עֲגָלָה חֲדָשָׁה אֶחָת וּשְׁתֵּי פָרוֹת עָלוֹת אֲשֶׁר לֹֽא-עָלָה עֲלֵיהֶם עֹל וַֽאֲסַרְתֶּם אֶת-הַפָּרוֹת בָּֽעֲגָלָה וַהֲשֵֽׁיבֹתֶם בְּנֵיהֶם מֵאַֽחֲרֵיהֶם הַבָּֽיְתָה׃
7
Now therefore make a new cart, and take two milch kine, on which there hath come no yoke, and tie the kine to the cart, and bring their calves home from them:
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1 Kings 18:44
Masoretic Phrasing
The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וַֽיְהִי֙ Pashta — a lesser break בַּשְּׁבִעִ֔ית Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וַיֹּ֗אמֶר Revia — a lesser break הִנֵּה עָ֛ב Tevir — a lesser break קְטַנָּ֥ה כְּכַף אִ֖ישׁ Tipeha — a lesser break עֹלָ֣ה מִיָּ֑ם Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וַיֹּ֗אמֶר Revia — a lesser break עֲלֵ֨ה אֱמֹ֤ר אֶל אַחְאָב֙ Pashta — a lesser break אֱסֹ֣ר וָרֵ֔ד Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וְלֹ֥א יַֽעֲצָרְכָ֖ה Tipeha — a lesser break הַגָּֽשֶׁם Silluq — end of the verse
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Word Parts
וַֽ יְהִי
וַֽ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יְהִי
Root word be, pass, was, were, came, …
Dictionary form: הָיָה · haw-YAW
Vowels & Accents
וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Vqw3ms
Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"
וַֽ Speech Conjunction
יְהִי Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: and it came to pass
and it came to pass ×336 shall be ×333 was ×233 be ×174 came ×133 were ×117 and it shall come to pass ×97 and it shall be ×92
More options
be — Default copula; suits timeless or stative contexts.
become — Prefer when a change of state or transformation is implied.
happen — Fits narrative events; modernizes 'come to pass'.
occur — Formal register; good for reported events or incidents.
exist — Emphasizes being or presence rather than action.
take place — Idiomatic for scheduled or unfolding events.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

BDB2099 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2101

יהוהc. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺהC518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philode Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö§ 88). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see LagSym i.14 BaudStudien i.179 ff.; DrStud.Bib.i.1 ff. For Jeve see StaZAW 1881, 346 Deib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.
2. on literature of interpretations see NesEg.67 Drl.c. — Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, NesEg.88 (but NesEg.91 inclines to Qal as RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RSOTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245, compare WeSkizzen iii.175; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, StaG.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ewinfr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Drl.c.17)).
**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by BauRel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230); DlPa 162 ff. claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kuenational Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.) JastrJBL xiil {1894}, 103 f. compare HptBAS i. 170 N; DlBabel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f. makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially HirschZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff. ZimKATS. 465 ff.; SpiegelbZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff. proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in KöEB NAMES, § 112 and n.3. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to SchwThLZ, 1905, col. 612.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare EwBTh ii. 337, 338 RSl.c., Proph. 385 ff. Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc LagPsalt.Hieron.156); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich WeJD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI18. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b DlPa 158 ff. DrStud. Bib. i. 7 ff.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
  a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D2); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
  b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D2 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
  c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D2 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
  d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
  e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
  g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
  h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by RP as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.
2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
  a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
  b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
  c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
  d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.
3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — BonkZAW 1891, 126 ff. seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2145 H1961

BDB2144 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2146

הָיָה3570 verb fall out, come to pass, become, be (SI1; SI6 היה, ib3 הית; parallel form of הוה, Arabic , Aramaic הֲוָא, ; see הָוָה above) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular הָיָה Gen 3:1 +; וְהָיָה consecutive Gen 4:14 +; 3 feminine singular הָֽיְתָה Gen 1:2 +; הָיָ֑תָה Isa 14:24 + 3 t.; וְהָֽיְתָה consecutive Gen 9:13 +; והית2Kgs 9:37 Kt (Qr וְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singular הָיִיתָ Deut 5:15 +; 1 singular הָיִיתִיGen 31:40 3 plural הָיוּ Gen 6:4 +; 2 masculine plural הֱיִיתֶ ם Exod 22:20 +; וִהְיִיתֶם consecutive Gen 3:5 +; 1 plural הָיִינוּIsa 1:9 +; etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִהְיֶה Gen 1:29 +; jussive יְהִיGen 1:3 +; יֶהִ֑י Ezek 16:15 וִיהִיGen 1:6 +; וַיְהִי Gen 1:3 +; וַיֶּ֑הִי Ps 33:9; Ezek 16:19 3 feminine singular תִּהְיֶה Gen 21:30 +; 1 singular אֶהְיֶה Exod 3:12 +; וָאֶהְיֶה2Sam 7:6 + 9 t.; וָאֱהִי Judg 18:4 + 12 t.; 3 masculine plural יִהְיוּ Gen 6:19 +; 3 feminine plural תִּהְיֶינָהIsa 16:2 + 19 t.; תִּהְיֶין֣Gen 41:36 + 11 t.; וְתִהְיֶנָה Jer 18:21; Jer 48:6 וַתִּהְיֶינָה 2Sam 20:3 + 6 t.; וַתִּהְיֶיןָGen 26:35; 1Sam 25:43 וַתִּהְיֶנָה 1Chr 7:15 2 masculine plural תִהְיוּ Gen 34:15 +; תִהְיוּן Exod 22:20 1 plural נִהְיֶה Gen 38:23 +; וַנִּהְיֶה2Sam 11:23; Jer 44:17 וַנְּהִי Num 13:33; Isa 64:5, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הֱיֵה Exod 18:19 +; feminine singular הֲיִיGen 24:60 masculine plural הֱיוּExod 19:15; Num 16:16, וִהְיוּ 1Sam 4:9 + 6 t.; Infinitive absolute הָיוֺ Gen 18:18 + 3 t.; הָיֹה 1Kgs 13:32; Ezek 1:3 construct הֱיוֺת Gen 2:18 +, so read probably also for הֱיֵה Ezek 21:15 compare Sm Köi. p. 600 f. (Co em. היהלֿה to הָהֵל shine, glitter); with prefix בִּהְיוֺת Exod 5:13 +, בִּהְיֹת Exod 19:16 +; לִהְיוֺת Gen 10:8 +, לִהְיֹת Exod 23:1 +; suffix הֱיוֺתִי Jonah 4:2 הֱיוֺתְךָ Judg 18:19 (twice in verse); לִהְיֹתְךָ Deut 26:10, etc.; Participle feminine הוֺיָה Exod 9:3.

I. 1. a. Fall out, happen מֶההָֿיָה הַדָּבָר 1Sam 4:16 how has the matter fallen out, (gone, turned out) ? so 2Sam 1:4 מֶההָֿיָה לוֺ Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (both J E) what has happened to him? compare 1Sam 10:12 מִקְרֶה הוּא הָיָה לָנוּ 1Sam 6:9 a chance it is that has befallen us; also וַיְהִילֿוֺ כֵּן 2Kgs 7:20 and so it happened to him, compare וַיְהִיכֵֿן below
  b. occur, take place, come about, come to pass: — גְדוֺלָה הָֽיְתָה בָּעָם מַגֵּפָה 1Sam 4:17 a great slaughter has taken place among the people, compare 2Sam 17:9 וַתְּהִי הַמִּלְחָמָה בְּיַעַר אֶפְרַיִם 2Sam 18:6 and the battle took place in the wood of Ephraim (on אפרים compare Klo Dr); Josh 22:17 (P; of plague); תְּהִי נָא אָלָה Gen 26:28 (J) let an oath take place (be taken) so Judg 21:5 compare 2Kgs 17:7 (si vera lectio), Ezek 16:34 especially late, 2Chr 29:36; 2Chr 32:31; Eccl 1:9; Eccl 1:10; Eccl 3:22; Eccl 8:7; Eccl 10:14 etc.; often of fulfilment of prediction, command, expectation, etc.: — כֵּן הָיָה Gen 41:3 (E) so it came to pass, 2Sam 13:25, וַיְהִיכֵֿן Judg 6:38; 2Kgs 15:12; Isa 29:5, & especially וַיְהִיכֵֿן Gen 1:7; Gen 1:9; Gen 1:11; Gen 1:15; Gen 1:24; Gen 1:30 (all P) +; יְהִי כִדְבָרֶ֑ךָ Gen 30:34 let it be as thou sayest, Zech 6:15, see also לֹא תָקוּם וְלֹא יִהְיֶה Isa 7:7 it shall not arise (be realized) & shall not come about, Isa 14:34 (so often בּוֺא q. v. 2 c, p. 98 above)
2. especially & very often, come about, come to pass followed by substantive (subject) clause almost always + modifying (usually temporal) clause or phrase:
  a. ( I) וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.) followed by
   (a) Imperfect consecutive: a. with Infinitive with כְּ temporal Gen 12:14; Gen 19:17 (both J) + 75 t. + Esth 3:4 Qr (Hexateuch chiefly J, — so always Genesis, — & J E; P only Exod 16:10, D only Deut 5:20; Deut 31:24; Josh 5:1; Josh 9:1 27 t. in Kings), — somewhat different is 2Kgs 7:18 β. with Infinitive with בְּ Gen 4:8; Gen 11:2 (both J) + 29 t. + Esth 3:4 Kt (in Hexateuch 10 t. J E; 3 t. P, Gen 19:29; Exod 34:29; Num 17:7 not in D); γ. with בְּ followed by temporal noun (יוֺם, בֹּקֶר, etc.) Gen 21:22 (E) Gen 26:32 (J) + 45 t. (Hes 14 t. J E; 3 t. P, Exod 6:28; Exod 16:13; Num 7:1 not D); δ. לְ temporal 1Sam 1:20; 2Sam 13:23; 1Kgs 20:26; 1Chr 20:1 ε. כְּ temporal Gen 39:11; 1Sam 25:38 ζ. מִן temporal namely: מֵאָז Gen 39:5, מִיּוֺם 1Sam 7:2 compare 1Sam 30:25, מִיָּמִים Judg 11:4; Judg 15:1, מִקֵּץ Gen 4:3; Gen 8:6 + 6 t., מִקְצֵה Josh 3:2; 2Kgs 8:3; Ezek 3:16, especially מִמָּחֳרָת Gen 19:34; Exod 18:13 + 11 t.; η. כַּאֲשֶׁר temporal Gen 12:11 (J) Gen 20:13 (E) + 31 t. (Hexateuch 13 t. J E, Deut 2:16, not P), characteristic of Nehemiah's memoris, Neh 3:33; Neh 4:1; Neh 4:6; Neh 4:9; Neh 6:1; Neh 6:16; Neh 7:1; Neh 13:19 θ. with כִּי temporal Gen 6:1 (J) Exod 3:21 (E) + 14 t. + Judg 16:25 Kt; ι. אַחֲרֵי temporal Gen 22:20 (J) + 13 t., אַחַר Gen 39:7; Job 42:7, אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן Judg 16:14 + 6 t.; κ. followed by עַד temporal 1Sam 14:19 (on which compare Dr); compare עַדכֹּֿה וְעַדכֹּֿה 1Kgs 18:45 λ. with combinations; as בְּ with temporal noun + בְּ Infinitive Gen 34:25; Exod 19:16; 1Sam 25:37 בְּ Infinitive + כְּ Infinitive Josh 3:14 double preposition כְּמִשְּׁלשׁ חֳדָשִׁים Gen 38:24 מִקְצֵה + אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר Josh 9:16 מִיָּמִים + id. Josh 23:1 μ. other unusual constructions under this head are: those where temporal idea is expressed by a circumstantial clause Isa 22:7; 1Kgs 13:20; 2Kgs 8:21 (Dr§ 165, & Οβς.) = 2Chr 21:9 those with indefinite כֹּל 1Sam 10:11; 2Sam 2:23; 2Sam 15:2, or with participle = rel. clause 1Sam 11:1 (on all see Dr§ 78 n. & Sm); quite unique is 1Kgs 16:31, with הֲנָקֵל ׳לָכְתּוֺ וגוin place of temporal clause
   (b) וַיְהִי sometimes followed by simple Perfect, with a negative Gen 39:10 (with כְּ Infinitive), Exod 13:17 (with בְּ Infinitive) 2Kgs 12:7; 2Kgs 17:25 (both with בְּ temporal); & without negative, Gen 8:13 (P) Gen 14:1 +, usually with בְּ temporal (38 t.), Hexateuch chiefly P; rarely with other preposition & adverb as above; note especially מִדֵּי followed by Infinitive 1Sam 18:30; 2Chr 12:11 sometimes the subject of following Perfect precedes it with וְ, as Gen 22:1; Gen 41:1; 1Sam 18:19; 1Sam 30:1; 2Kgs 2:9; 2Kgs 4:40 +; note especially 2Sam 17:27 where several subject & also several objects precede the Perfect (compare Dr); in these cases temporal modifier is occasionally a circumstantial clause 2Sam 13:30; 1Kgs 8:10; 2Kgs 19:37 = Isa 37:38 rarely subject precedes Perfect without וְ 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 21:1, compare subject preceding Participle without וְ Neh 4:10 in 2Chr 8:1 the object (with וְ) precedes what is apparently the principal verb
   (c) וַיְהִי followed by וְהִנֵּה Gen 24:15 (J; טֶרֶם in temporal clause), Gen 29:25 (E), Gen 38:27 (J, both בְּ temporal) vGen 38:29 (כְּ Participle), 1Sam 13:10 (כְּ Infinitive); also 2Sam 1:2; 2Sam 13:36; 2Sam 15:32 (circumstantial clause) 2Kgs 2:11 (id.), 2Kgs 3:20; 2Kgs 13:21 (circumstantial clause).
   (d) rarely וַיְהִי (in this sense) followed by other constructions: אָז יִתֵּן 1Kgs 9:10 (with מִקְצֵה); Imperfect frequentative 1Kgs 14:28 (with מִדֵּיבּֿאֹ), 2Kgs 4:8 (with מִדֵּי עָבְרוֺ) Jer 36:23 (with כְּ Infinitive); Perfect consecutive frequentative 2Chr 24:11 (with בְּ temporal). (2) rarely also Perfect with וְ conjunctive וְהָיָה (compare Dr§ 183) followed by Imperfect consecutive as subject clause: 1Sam 1:12 (c. several circumstantial clause), 1Sam 10:9 (with כְּ Infinitive) 2Kgs 3:15 (id.), 1Sam 17:48 (with כִּי), Jer 37:11 (with בְּ Infinitive), Amos 7:2 (with אִם temporal); also Jer 3:9 (apparently with מִן causative, but obscure); 1Sam 13:22 (with בְּ temporal) is followed by וְלֹא & Perfect as well as Imperfect consecutive
  b. less often וְהָיָה Perfect consecutive and it shall come to pass, or frequentative,came to pass (repeatedly, etc.) usually
   (a) followed by simple Imperfect (c. 100 t.): a. with בְּ temporal Deut 21:16; Deut 25:19 + 37 t., (especially בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא Hos 2:18; Hos 2:33; Isa 7:18; Isa 7:21; Isa 7:23 + 21 t.); β. with בְּ local Ezek 47:23; Zech 13:8 compare also Hos 2:1 (בִּמְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר, but perhaps = instead of, compare VB); γ. with indefinite rel. clause, or its equivalents (כֹּל indefinite, etc.), compare Dr§ 121, Obs. 1: Gen 4:14; Num 17:20; Deut 12:11; Deut 18:19; Josh 7:14; Josh 7:15; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 2:36; 1Sam 17:25; 2Sam 15:35; 1Kgs 19:17; 1Kgs 20:6; Isa 4:3; Isa 24:18; Nah 3:7; Jer 27:8; Jer 42:4; Ezek 47:9; Zech 14:17; Joel 3:5 δ. with כַּאֲשֶׁר Num 33:56; Deut 28:63; Josh 23:15; Judg 7:17; Isa 29:8; Jer 31:28; Zech 8:13 ε. less often with other modifying phrase: כְּ Infinitive Exod 33:8; Exod 33:9 (both frequentative), Josh 3:13; Josh 8:8; Jer 25:12; Jer 51:63 בְּ Infinitive Gen 9:14 (P) 2Kgs 4:10; Ezek 44:17 אִם of condition Deut 20:11 (+ vDeut 20:11 Dr§ 118 n.), also Josh 22:18, where the arrangement is peculiar, & the condition is expressed without אִם (compare Dr§ 155); לְ temporal Deut 23:12 מִקֵּץ Isa 23:17 טֶרֶם Isa 65:24 מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֺ Isa 66:23, etc.
   (b) וְהָיָה followed by Perfect consecutive (c. 85 t.): α. most often + clause with כִּי temporal Gen 12:12; Gen 46:33 (both J) Exod 1:10 (E) Deut 11:29; Isa 8:21 + 25 t.; β. with אִם Exod 4:8; Exod 4:9; Num 15:24; Deut 11:13 + 14 t.; also Gen 38:9; Num 21:9 (both frequentative); γ. with בְּ temporal Gen 30:41 (frequentative) Gen 47:24 (but compare Ol Di) Exod 16:5 + 11 t.; δ. with indefinite rel. clause or equivalent (Dr§ 121 Obs. 1): Gen 24:14; Num 10:32 (Dr§ 118 n.) Num 21:18; Deut 21:3; Judg 11:31; Judg 19:30; Zech 14:16 ε. occasionally with other modifying phrase: כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:40 +; כְּ Infinitive Gen 44:31 +; בְּ Infinitive Exod 33:22 +; מִקֵּץ 2Sam 14:26 עֵקֶב causative Deut 7:12 also
   (c) followed by וְלֹא + simple Imperfect Exod 3:21 (with כִּי temporal).
   (d) וְהָיָה followed by Imperative (very rare) Deut 6:10 (with כִּי temporal), 1Sam 10:7 (with כִּי), compare 1Sam 29:10, compare Perfect consecutive in command 1Sam 3:9 (with אִם).
   (e) וְהָיָה followed by simple Perfect (also very rare) Deut 8:19 (with אִם).
   (f) וְהָיָה followed by clause without verb: Gen 24:43; Josh 2:19; 1Kgs 18:24 (all with indefinite rel. modifier, or equivalents, see
   (a) γ,
   (b) δ, above).
   (g) וְהָיָה (ו conjunctive) followed by Imperfect consecutive see
  a.
   (e) above

II. Come into being, become: —

1. a. absolute, in lively narrative, arise, appear, come וַתְּהִי צְעָקָה גְדֹלָהExod 12:80 (J) and there arose a great cry in Egypt; וַיְהִיקֿוֺל Ezek 1:25 (strike out Co compare Da), Ezek 37:7 (strike out קוֺל ᵐ5 Co); כִּי הָֽיְתָה הָֽרְוָחָה Exod 8:11 (J) Pharaoh saw that respite had come; Mic 7:4 now shall come their confusion (|| בוא); also of concrete objects וְהָֽיְתָה הַקֶּשֶׁת בֶּעָנָן Gen 9:16 (P) and the bow shall appear in the clouds (|| וְנִרְאֲתָה) וְרִמָּה לֹא הָֽיְתָה בּוֺ Exod 16:24 (P) and worms did not appear in it; of condition or action begun & continuing, as: famine Gen 12:10; Gen 26:1 (twice in verse) (all J), Gen 41:54 (E), Ruth 1:1; 2Sam 21:1; 2Kgs 6:25 strife Gen 13:7; Gen 13:8 (J), Hab 1:3 (|| מָדוֺן יִשָּׂא); often of action of the elements, as the coming of hail Exod 9:18; Exod 9:24; Exod 9:26 (all J), thunder & lighting, etc., Exod 19:16 (E), rain 1Kgs 18:45, storm Jonah 1:4 especially of creative fiats יְהִי אוֺר וַיְהִי אוֺר Gen 1:3 let light appear, and light appeared, compare vGen 1:5 vGen 1:8 vGen 1:13 vGen 1:19 vGen 1:23 vGen 1:31 (all P); also arise, come on the stage or scene, וְאַחֲרָיו הָיָה שַׁמְגַּר Judg 3:31 and after him arose Shamgar (= וַיָּקָם Judg 10:1); further וַעֲלָטָה הָיָה Gen 15:17 (JE) and darkness came on; הַבֹּקֶר הָיָה Exod 10:13 (J) the morning came, Exod 19:16 (E); וַיְהִי הַיּוֺם 1Sam 1:4 and the day came, when (see Dr), 1Sam 14:1; 2Kgs 4:8; 2Kgs 4:11; 2Kgs 4:18; Job 1:6; Job 1:18; Job 2:1.
  b. followed by preposition: בְּ, וְיָדֵנוּ אַלתְּֿהִיבֿוֺ Gen 37:27 (J) but our hand, let it not come upon him, of hand of ׳יּ 1Sam 5:9; 1Sam 7:13; 1Sam 12:15 + (all in hostile sense); בְּכָלשֲֶֿֿׁר יֶשׁלֿוֺ ׳וַיְהִי בִּרְכַּת י Gen 39:5 (J) and the blessing of ׳י came into (on) all that he had; but also of plague Exod 12:13 (P); followed by עַל, וּמֵי הַמַּבּוּל הָיוּ עַלהָֿאָרֶץ Gen 7:10 (J) that the waters of the flood came upon the earth; עָלַי הָיוּ כֻלָּ֑נָה Gen 42:36 (E) Gen 9:2 (P) fear shall come upon, compare Gen 35:25 (P) 2Chr 14:13; 2Chr 17:19; 2Chr 20:29 +; of wrath Josh 22:20; 1Kgs 3:27 so of Saul's evil spirit from God 1Sam 16:16; 1Sam 16:23; 1Sam 19:9 (אֶל); but followed by עַל also in good sense ׳וַתְּהִי עָלָיו רוּחַ י conferring strength & efficiency Judg 3:10; Judg 11:29 (היה = צלח Judg 14:6 + often), compare Num 24:2 (JE) of prophetic power; (on ׳וַתְּהִי לָיו יַד י 2Kgs 3:15; Ezek 3:22 and the like, see יָד); יַד אֱלֹהֵינוּ הָֽיְתָה עָלֵינוּ Ezra 8:31, so Ps 80:18 even וַתְּהִי עַלרֿאֹשׁ דָּוִד 2Sam 12:30 and it (the crown, עֲטֶרֶת) came (i.e. was put, set) on David's head; with a different meaning וַנִּהְיֶה עֲלֵיהֶם עַדפֶּֿתַח הַשָּׁ֑עַר 2Sam 11:23 and we were close upon them even to the gateway (compare We Dr); come, go, follow (followed by אַחֲרֵי) i.e. take the side of, adhere to, Exod 23:2 (JE) 1Sam 12:14; 2Sam 2:10; 1Kgs 12:20; 1Kgs 16:21 followed by לְ of blessings Gen 49:26 (poem); of judgement, punishment Jer 40:3 especially ויהי דבר֗֗֗ אֶל and the word of ... came unto: word of Samuel 1Sam 4:1 usually word of God (or ׳י) Gen 15:1; 1Sam 15:10 +; constantly in prophets: Hos 1:1; Mic 1:1 etc.; especially Jeremiah & Ezekiel: Jer 1:4; Jer 1:11; Jer 1:13; Jer 2:1; Jer 13:8 +; Ezek 3:16; Ezek 6:1; Ezek 7:1; Ezek 11:14; Ezek 11:17; Ezek 11:21; Ezek 11:26; Ezek 12:1; Ezek 12:8 +; so also absolute הָיָה הַמַּשָּׂא הַזֶּה Isa 14:28 in the death-year of king Ahaz came this utterance; also followed by מִן; מַלְכֵי עַמִּים מִמֶּנָּה יִהְיוּ Gen 17:16 (P), וּקְהַל גּוֺיִם יִהְיֶה מִמֶּ֑ךָּ Gen 35:11 (P), וְהָיָה אַדִּירוֺ מִמֶּנּוּ Jer 30:21 (|| מִקִּרְבּוֺ יֵצֵא); הַכֹּל הָיָה מִןהֶֿעָפָר וְהַכֹּל שָׁב אֶל הֶעָפָר Eccl 3:20 all came from the dust, & all return unto the dust; וַיְהִי קֶצֶף גָּדוֺל מֵאֵת צְבָאוֺת ׳י Zech 7:12.
2. become :
  a. followed by predicate noun (to be viewed as implicit accusative Dr§ 161, 3 n., according to the Arabic usage WAG ii, § 41. 44. 74): הִוא הָֽיְתָה אֵם כָּלחָֿ֑י Gen 3:20 (J) it was she that became the mother of all living; וַיְהִי הֶבֶל רֹעֵה צאֹן וְקַיִן הָיָה עֹבֵד אֲדָמָהGen 4:2 (J) and Abel became a shepherd of flocks, while Cain became a tiller of ground; 2Sam 8:14; Mic 2:11 + often
  b. followed by predicate adjective Gen 38:7; Exod 36:13 +; compare Gen 37:20 let us see what his dream will become (turn out to be, signify);
  c. become like (כְּ), וִהְיִיתֶם כֵּאלֹהִים Gen 3:5 and ye shall become like gods compare vGen 3:22, Num 11:1 (JE), Hos 2:1; Hos 7:11; Isa 9:18; 1Kgs 7:8; Zech 9:7 +; compare Gen 15:5 so (כֹּה) shall thy seed become; specifically of likeness in punishment Isa 1:9; 1Sam 17:36 +; also with כְּ repeated וְהָיָה כָעָם כַּכֹּהֵן Hos 4:9 and the people shall become like the priest (literally, and the like of the people shall become the like of the priest), so especially Isa 24:2 (6 pairs of words as above); וְהָיָה כַצַּדִּיק כָּרָשָׁע Gen 18:25 (J), see כְּ. b + c Gen 27:32 his hands had become like the hands of Esau his brother, hairy.
  d. followed by predicate + לְ person וּתְהִי אִשָּׁה לְבֶןאֲֿדֹנֶיךָ Gen 24:51 (J) and let her become wife to the son of thy lord, 1Sam 16:21; 1Kgs 11:25; Ps 89:42; 1Chr 18:6 +; = be instituted, estanblished, וְהָיָה לָהֶםחָקעֿוֺלָם Exod 30:21 (P) and it shall be established for them as a perpetual ordinance (compare f below).
  e. followed by לְ predicate: וַיְהִי הָאָדָם לְנֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה Gen 2:7 (J) and the man became a living soul; וְהָיָה לְאַרְבָּעָה רָאשִׁיםGen 2:10 (J) and it became four heads; גַּםהֿוּא יִהְיֶהלְֿעָם Gen 48:19 (J) he too shall become a people; וִהְיוּ לַאֲנָשִׁים 1Sam 4:9 and become (shew yourselves to be) men (|| הִתְחַזְּקוּ; compare with double לְ, f below); Zeph 1:13; Ezek 17:6; Ezek 47:12; Job 16:8 עלמֶלֶךְ עַלכָּֿלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳וְהָיָה י Zech 14:9 וַיְהִי לְמַס עֹבֵד Gen 49:15; Josh 16:10 so often; also in sense of turn into, be changed so as to become, וַיְהִי לְנָחָשׁExod 4:3 and it became a serpent, vExod 4:4; Exod 7:10; Isa 1:22; Deut 26:5 +; figurative וַיְהִי לְמָ֑יִם Josh 7:5 and it (their heart) turned to water, so וְהוּא הָיָה לְאֶבֶן 1Sam 25:37 or, serve as וְהָיוּ לִמְאוֺרֹת Gen 1:15 (P) and they shall become (fulfil the function of, serve as) luminaries, compare vGen 1:14 וְהָיָה לְאוֺת בְּרִית Gen 9:13; Gen 17:11 (both P). feminine often with לְ predicate + לְ person: וַתְּהִי לָהֶם הַלְּבֵנָה לְאָ֑בֶןGen 11:3 (J) and the bricks became (served as) stone for them; וַתְּהִי לִי לְאִשָּׁה Gen 20:12 (E) compare Gen 24:67 (J) +, וַתִּהְיֶינָה מַחְלָה וְחָגְלָה ֗֗֗ לַבְנֵי דֹדֵיהֶן לְנָשִׁים Num 36:11 וְהָיָה לְךָ וְלָהֶם לְאָכְלָה Num 6:21 (P), Exod 2:10; Exod 15:2; Judg 8:27 לִי לֵאלֹהִים ׳וְהָיָה י Gen 28:21 (E); אֲנִי אֶהְיֶה לוֺ לְאָב וְהוּא יִהְיֶהלִֿי לְבֵן 1Chr 17:3 +; = shew or prove oneself as הֱיֵהלִֿי לְבֶןחַֿיִל 1Sam 18:17 shew thyself for me a valiant man (compare 1Sam 4:9 e above); = be instituted, established (compare e above) וְהָיָה לְאַהֲרֹן וּלְבָנָיו לְחָקעֿוֺלָם Exod 29:28 and it shall be instituted for Aaron and his sons as a perpetual ordinance; compare vExod 29:9; Lev 10:15 וְהָֽיְתָה לִהְיֹת לָהֶם מָשְׁחָתָם לִכְהֻנַּת עוֺלָם לְדֹרֹתָם Exod 40:15 (all P).
  g. with עַל and לְ 1Sam 22:2 וַיְהִי עֲלֵיהֶם לְשָׂר and he became over them prince.
  h. sometimes with לְ person only = become the property of, come into the possession of ׳וַיְהִילֿוֺ צאֹןוּֿבָקָר וְגו Gen 12:15 (J), and he came to have flocks and herds etc., Gen 26:14; Gen 30:43 לֹא לוֺ יִהְיֶה הַזָּ֑רַע Gen 38:9 not his should the seed become; ׳וְהָיָה לי Judg 11:31 it shall become Yah-weh's; Deut 10:9; Josh 13:29; 1Kgs 10:26; 1Kgs 11:3 + often; so of a woman, as wife תְּהִינָֿא לְךָ Judg 15:2 pray let her become thine, compare also וַתְּהִי אֵשֶׁת שִׁמְשׁוֺן לְמֵרֵעֵהוּ Judg 14:20, Hos 3:3; Ruth 1:13; Lev 21:3; Deut 24:2; Jer 3:1; Ezek 16:8 (and also + לְאִשָּׁה, לְנָשִׁים see f above)III. Be (often with subordinate idea of becoming); —
1. exist, be in existence (i.e. originally have come into existence), כָּלהַֿיּמִים אֲשֶׁר הָיָה 1Sam 1:28 all the days which he shall have been (lived, = חַי Gen 5:5 etc., DrSm), Job 3:16; Isa 23:13 often with בְּ local וְכֹל שִׂיחַ הַשָּׂדֶה טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ Gen 2:5 (J) and there was not yet in the earth any shrub of the field; ׳וּבְאֵלֶּה לֹא הָיָה אִישׁ וגו Num 26:64 (P) and among them there was not a man to be found, etc.; also וְלֹא הָיָה כַּיּוֺם הַהוּא לְפָנָיו וְאַחֲרָיו Josh 10:14 (JE) & there hath not been a day like that before it nor since. compare 2Sam 14:25; 2Sam 1:5; 2Sam 21:25; 2Sam 23:25; +; somewhat weaker, in the frequently introductory clause וַיְהִי אִישׁ now there was a man Judg 13:2; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:1; Num 9:6 (P), Job 1:1 +; on אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה Exod 3:14 see יהוֺה.
2. abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) וַיְהִי משֶׁה בָּהָר Exod 24:18 and Moses remainded in the mount forty days, etc., so Exod 34:28 (both J E), Judg 17:4; Judg 17:12; 1Sam 6:1; 1Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 11:3 = 2Chr 22:12 +; also Lev 22:27; Lev 25:28 (both H), etc.; followed by עַד temporal remain until Deut 22:2; 1Kgs 11:40; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Chr 5:9; 2Chr 26:21; Dan 1:21 etc.; compare הוּא יִהְיֶה לְעוֺלָם Eccl 3:14 so also of space followed by עַד extend unto, as far as, Josh 19:10: of net beneath altar, Exod 27:5 shall reach as far as (עַד) the middle of the altar.
3. with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated stand, lie; בִּהְיוֺתָם בַּשָּׂדֶה Gen 4:8 (J) when they were in the field, הַמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁרהָֿיָה שָׁם אָהֳלֹה בַּתְּחִלָּה Gen 13:3 (J) the place where his tent had stood at first; וְהָאָרֶץ תִּהְיֶה לִפְנֵיכֶם Gen 34:10 and the land, it lieth before you; compare Josh 19:1; Judg 7:1; Judg 7:8; Mic 5:6; Mic 5:7 followed by עַל be, be found or situated upon Isa 30:25 and there shall be upon every high mountain etc., streams, water-courses; Ezek 37:27 and my dwelling-place shall be over them; figurative of guilt דָּמִים וְהָיָה עָלָיךָ Deut 19:10 and blood (-guilt) be upon thee.
4. as copula, joining subject & predicate: —
  a. followed by predicate adjective וַיִּהְיוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם עֲרוּמִּים Gen 2:25, וְהַנָּחָשׁ הָיָה עָרוּם Gen 3:1, בִּהְיוֺתָם כֹּאֲבִים Gen 34:25, וַיְהִי יוֺסֵף יְפֵהתֹֿאַר Gen 39:6; Deut 23:15; Josh 19:9; Judg 11:1; Job 1:1; Job 1:3b 2Chr 7:21.
  b. followed by predicate noun Gen 1:2; Gen 9:18; Gen 25:3; Gen 36:14; Gen 40:13; 1Sam 17:34; 1Sam 17:42; 2Sam 8:10; 2Sam 20:25; 1Kgs 10:6; 2Kgs 3:4; 2Kgs 5:1 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:20; 1Chr 11:20; 1Chr 18:10; 1Chr 26:10; 2Chr 13:7 כִּי לֹאהָֿיָה מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Chr 18:32 (|| 1Kgs 22:33 כִּילֹֿאמֶֿלֶךְ ישׂראל הוּא) +; often of age: וַיְהִי אַבְרָם בֶּןתִּֿשְׁעִים שָׁנָה וְתֵשַׁע שָׁנִים Gen 17:1 (P) 2Kgs 8:17; 2Kgs 14:2; 2Kgs 15:2; 2Kgs 15:33; 2Kgs 18:2; 2Chr 21:20; 2Chr 27:8 +; followed by predicate Infinitive absolute (very anomal.) וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֺךְ וְחָסוֺר Gen 8:5 = amount to, come to, in enumeration of days of life number of people, amounts of money, etc.: Gen 5:4; Gen 5:5; Gen 5:8; Gen 5:11; Gen 5:14; Gen 9:29; Gen 11:32; Gen 23:1 +; Exod 38:24; Num 1:46, etc.
  c. followed by adverb & adverbial phrase: לֹאטֿוֺב הֱיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדּוֺGen 2:18 (J) it is not good that the man be alone; חָדַל לִהְיוֺת לְשָׂרָה אֹרַה כַּנָּשִׁים Gen 18:11 (J).
  d. followed by preposition: (a) be with, accompany with עִם, subject most often ׳י or אלהים with added idea of protection, aid Gen 26:3; Gen 31:3; Gen 39:10; Gen 48:21; Josh 1:3; Josh 6:27; Judg 1:19; Judg 2:18; 1Sam 3:19; 1Sam 18:12; 1Sam 20:13; 1Kgs 1:37; 1Chr 11:13; 2Chr 17:3 followed by עִמָּדִי Gen 28:20; Gen 31:5; Gen 35:3 followed by עִם, human subject, of accompaniment וְהָיָההַכֹּהֵןבֶּןאַֿהֲרֹן עִםהַֿלְוִיִּם Neh 10:39; 1Chr 11:12, read also in || 2Sam 23:9 (Th We Dr); = be on the side of 1Kgs 1:8 with עִם also = be near הָיָה עִםגֹּֿרֶן האורנה ׳וּמַלְאַךְ י 2Sam 24:16 (compare Dr); also 2Sam 13:20 implying sexual intercourse, so Gen 39:10 (perhaps gloss, compare Di); peculiar uses with עִם are: וּדְבַראַֿבְנֵר הָיָה עִםזִֿקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Sam 3:17 and the speech of A. had been with the elders of Israel, compare 1Kgs 1:7 וַיְהִי עִםלְֿבַב דָּוִד אָבִּי לִבְנוֺת 1Kgs 8:17 and it was with (i.e. in) the heart of David my father to build, = 2Chr 6:7 compare 1Kgs 8:18 (twice in verse); 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 6:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 24:4 also 1Kgs 10:2 = 2Chr 9:1
   (b) be with, followed by אֶת, subject ׳י, אלהים, Gen 21:20; Gen 39:2; Gen 39:21 but also with human subject וּבָנָיוּ הָיוּ אֶתמִֿקְנֵהוּ Gen 34:5, compare 1Sam 29:8 +;
   (c) followed by לְ of possessor כֶּרֶם הָיָה לִידִדִי Isa 5:1 all vineyard had my beloved, Gen 30:30 compare Exod 20:3 = Deut 5:7; Judg 18:27; 1Sam 9:2; 1Kgs 5:6 + often (compare I. 2 d, f, h);
   (d) followed by לְ + other preposition: of boundary וַיְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל מֵעֲרוֺעֵרJosh 13:16, compare וַיְהִי גְבוּלָם מִמַּחֲנַיִם vJosh 13:30 וַוְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל לִפְאַת צָפנַָה מִיַּרְדֵּן Josh 18:12, etc.;
   (e) followed by בְּ be among, or of, Amos 1:1 who was one of the herdsmen, 1Kgs 2:7 let them be among those eating, Prov 22:26; Prov 23:20.
5. periphrastic conjug.:
  a. היה + participle, of continuous state, or condition, sometimes, especially late (compare Late Hebrew), of habit, with וַיְהִי also of beginning and continuance (compare Dr§ 135, (5)): participle active Gen 39:22 (J), Exod 3:1 (E), 1Sam 2:11; 1Sam 7:10; 1Sam 18:9 (compare Dr) v1Sam 18:14 v1Sam 18:29; 2Sam 8:15 = 1Chr 18:14. Deut 28:29; Isa 30:20; 1Kgs 5:1; 1Kgs 5:15; 1Kgs 5:24; 2Kgs 6:5; 2Kgs 9:14; 2Chr 9:26; Ezra 4:4; Neh 1:4; Neh 2:13; Dan 1:16 +; Gen 1:6 (P); ׳הָיָה יָרֵא אֶתיֿ 1Kgs 18:3; 2Kgs 4:1; 2Chr 26:1 passive participle Josh 10:26; 1Kgs 13:24; 1Kgs 22:35 וְהַמֶּלֶךְ הָיָה מָעֳמָד בַּמֶּרְכָּבָה (|| 2Chr 18:34 הָיָה מַעֲמִיד), Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1, וְהָיָה סָגוּר Ezek 44:2, נַעֲשֶׂה ׳ה Neh 5:18, ׳וְאָהוּב לֵאלֹהָיו ה Neh 13:26 — on 2Sam 13:32 compare Dr.
  b. followed by Infinitive with לְ (Dr§ 208, 204): וְהָיָה לְבָעֵר Isa 5:5 and it shall be to burn (is to be, is destined to be burned) etc.; לָבוֺא וַיְהִי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Gen 15:12 and the sun was about to set; וַיְהִי הַשַּׁעַר לִסְגּוֺר Josh 2:5 and the gate was about to be shut; but also וַיְהִי לִדְרשׁ אֱלֹהִים 2Chr 26:5 (nearly = וַיְהִי + Participle) Niph`al Perfect נִהְיָה 1Kgs 1:27 + 6 t. + Mic 2:4 (compare below near the end); 3 feminine singular נִהָיְתָה Judg 19:30 + 5 t., נִהְיָ֑תָה Exod 11:6; Jer 48:19 וְנִהְיָ֑תָה consecutive Ezek 39:8 + Ezek 21:12 (strike out B Manuscripts ᵐ5 Co); 2 masculine singular נִהְיֵיתָ Deut 27:9 1 singular ךּנהִךְייךתי Dan 8:27 Participle feminine singular נִהְיָה Prov 13:19 —
1. either, be done, be brought about, or occur, come to pass: in the strong expressions וְכָמֹהוּ לֹא תֹסִף אֲשֶׁר כָּמֹהוּ ׳לֹא נ Exod 11:6 (J) a cry such as hath not occurred (been raised), and will not be again, compare Deut 4:32 (be done; || נִשְׁמַע), & Judg 19:30 (|| נִרְאֲתָה); — but simply intransitive Joel 2:2; Dan 12:1 & apparently Ezek 21:12 (|| בָּאָ֫ה; on text, however, see above) Ezek 39:8 (|| id.); — also אֵיכָה נִהְיְתָה הָרָעָה הַזֹּאת Judg 20:3 how hath this wickedness been done ? compare vJudg 20:12; Jer 5:30; Jer 48:19 also Neh 6:8 with לֹא, existence denied ׳לֹא נ Zech 8:10 (|| אֵינֶ֑נָּה); in all the above (except Joel 2:2; Dan 12:1 & Ezek 21:12; Ezek 39:8) personal agency is clearly implied; it is expressed ׳מֵאֵת אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶץ נ הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה 1Kgs 1:27, so of divine agency (מֵאִתִּי) 1 K i1Kgs 12:24 = 2Chr 11:4 further be attained, secured, of wages Zech 8:10 (with לֹא, || אֵינֶ֑נָּה); תַּאֲוָּה נִהְיָה Prov 13:19 a desire come to pass, realized.
2. be done, finished, gone, only Daniel וּשְׁנָתוֺ נִהְיְתָה עָלָיו Dan 2:1 and his sleep was finished upon him, i.e. left him (compare Aramaic Dan 6:19); נִהְיֵיתִי Dan 8:27 I came to an end, was exhausted (si vera lectio, strike out ᵐ5; || נֶחֱלֵיתִי); נִהְיָה, in וְנָהָה נְהִי נִהְיָה Mic 2:4, is dubious; it is done, over, the ruin is come Rob-Ges Ew Hi Ca Che L RVm;? < omit as dittograph StaZAW 1886, 122 f. compare JBL1890, 74.77.

BDB9470 H1934 H1961

BDB9469 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9471

הֲוָא, הֲוָּה71 verb come to pass, become, be (Biblical Hebrew הָיָה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲוָה Dan 4:26 +, הֲוָא Dan 5:19 +; 2 masculine singular הֲוַיְתָ Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34, 1 singular הֲוֵית Dan 4:1 +; 3 masculine plural הֲווֺ Dan 2:35 +; Imperfect 3 masculine singular לֶהֱוֵא (K§ 47, l) b) Dr§ 204 Obs. NöM 215 ff.; in Jewish-Aramaic as jussive D§ 61, lc) Dan 2:20 +; 3 feminine singular תֶּהֱוֵה Dan 4:24 +, אֵ֯ Ezra 6:8 +, 3 masculine plural לֶהֱוֺן Ezra 6:10 + 6 t., 3 feminine plural לֶהֶוְיָן Dan 5:17 Imperative masculine plural הֱווֺ Ezra 4:22, הֲזוֺ Ezra 6:6 —
1. come to pass Dan 2:28; Dan 2:29 (twice in verse); Dan 2:45.
2. come into being, arise Ezra 7:23 become, come to be, with predicate noun Dan 4:24; Dan 5:29 and ( = represent) Dan 7:23 with כְּ like Dan 2:35 a, with ל predicate vDan 2:35 b, with adjective predicate Ezra 6:6, with adverb phrase Ezra 5:5; Dan 4:22 often periphrastic, with participle: ׳יְדִיעַ לה let become known Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:13; Ezra 5:8 let it be given Ezra 6:8; Ezra 6:9, also Ezra 7:26; Dan 2:20.
3. be, as copula, with adjective predication Dan 2:40; Dan 2:42; Dan 7:19 so very often in periphrastic conjugation with participle, צָבֵא ׳ה wish Dan 5:19 (4 t. in verse), ׳חָזֵה ה behold Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34; Dan 7:2; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:6 +, etc.

Strong's Definition H1961
be, pass, was, were, came, …
hāyâ
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
  • to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
    • (Qal)
      • to occur
        • to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
          • "to come about, come to pass
        to come into being, become
        • to arise, appear, come
          • "to become
          • to become
            • "to become like"to be instituted, be established
        to be
        • to exist, be in existence
          • "to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)"to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)"to accompany, be with
      (Niphal)
      • to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
        • "to be done, be finished, be gone
Variations 205 forms of this word
Translations 723 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
בַּ שְּׁבִעִ֔ית
בַּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)
שְּׁבִעִ֔ית
Root word seventh, time
Dictionary form: שְׁבִיעִי · sheh-bee-EE
Vowels & Accents
בַּ
Hidden "the" בַּ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "in the ___".
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Rd/Aofsa
Adjective — Ordinal Number, feminine singular, absolute state an ordinal (first, second, …)
בַּ Speech Preposition Type Definite Article
שְּׁבִעִית Speech Adjective Type Ordinal Number Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: at the seventh time
the seventh ×17 on the seventh ×14 in the seventh ×9 and on the seventh ×8 and in the seventh ×7 of the seventh ×7 and the seventh ×4 but the seventh ×3
More options
seventh — Standard ordinal; fits nearly every context.
the seventh one — Emphasizes identity when referencing a specific item.
number seven — Informal register; useful for lists or sequences.
seventh in order — Clarifies sequence when ambiguity exists.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB8427 H7637

BDB8426 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8428

שְׁבִיעִי masculine שְׁבִיעִית feminine97 adjective ordinal number seventh; — שְׁבִיעִי Gen 2:2 +, שְׁבִעִי Exod 12:15 +; feminine שְׁבִיעִית Josh 6:16 +, Exod 23:11 +, שְׁבִעִת Exod 21:2 עִית- 1Kgs 18:44; 2Chr 23:1 — fifth, especially P; always with article:

1. masculine 7th day Gen 2:3 + 47 t.; month (חֹדֶשׁ) Gen 8:4 + 23 t. + (noun omitted) Ezek 45:25 + 3 t.; lot (הַגּוֺרָל) Josh 19:40 + (noun omitted) 1Chr 24:10; 1Chr 25:14 noun omitted also 1Chr 2:15; 1Chr 26:3; 1Chr 26:5 (son), 1Chr 12:11 (man), 1Chr 27:10 (captain).
2. feminine 7th year, 2Kgs 11:4 + 7 t. + (noun omitted) Exod 21:2; Exod 23:11, also שְׁנַת הַשְּׁבִיעִית (Ges«GKC:134p»§ 134p) Ezra 7:8 sabbath Lev 23:16 time (פַּעַם) Josh 6:16 + (noun omitted) 1Kgs 18:44.

Strong's Definition H7637
seventh, time
šĕbîʿî
seventh
  • seventh
    • ordinal number
Variations 12 forms of this word
Translations 29 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
וַ יֹּ֗אמֶר
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יֹּ֗אמֶר
Root word said, saying, saith, say, spake, …
Dictionary form: אָמַר · aw-MAHR
Vowels & Accents
וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Vqw3ms
Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"
וַ Speech Conjunction
יֹּאמֶר Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: that he said
said ×947 saying ×718 and said ×688 saith ×527 and he said ×343 then said ×139 say ×122 and say ×119
More options
say — Most versatile; fits nearly any context or register.
declare — Emphasizes formal or authoritative pronouncement.
tell — Prefer when communication to an audience is stressed.
speak — Highlights the act of oral expression itself.
command — Use when the utterance carries directive force.
think — Fits internal or reflective speech contexts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB557 H559

BDB556 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB558

אָמַר5287 verb utter, say (MI, Phoenician אמר, Aramaic אֲמַר, Ethiopic I. 2 shew, declare, Arabic command; perhaps √ אמר originally = be or make prominent, hence Hithpa`el below, אָמִיר; Sabean אמר lofty, epithet of king JHMordtmZMG 1876, 37; compare DlPr 28 who thinks original meaning hell, sichtbar sein, whence Assyrian amâru, see, & shew, declare, say) — Qal Perfect ׳א Gen 3:1 +, etc.; Imperfect יאֹמַר Gen 31:8 +; וַיּאֹ֫מֶר Gen 1:3 +; וַיּאֹמַ֑ר Gen 14:19 +; in Job always וַיּאֹ֑מַר Job 3:2 +; 3 feminine singular תּאֹמַר Gen 21:12 +; תּאֹמֵר֑ Prov 1:21 1 singular אֹמַר Gen 22:2 +; אוֺמְרָה Ps 42:10 וָאֹמַר Gen 20:13 +; וָאוֺמַר Neh 2:7; Neh 2:17; Neh 2:20 3 masculine plural יאֹמְדוּ Exod 4:1 + etc.; suffix יֹמְרוּךָ Ps 139:20 2 masculine plural תֹּמְדוּ 2Sam 19:14 ( compare Köi. p. 385); Imperative (אֱמָרֿ) אֱמֹר Gen 45:17 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָמוֺר Exod 21:5 +; construct אֱמֹר Ezek 25:8 +; (הַ)אֲמֹר Job 34:18 but read הָאֹמֵר ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Di, or better הֶאָמֹר Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative compare Ew :§ 328 d; suffix אָמְרִי Josh 6:10 +; אֲמָרְכֶם Jer 23:38 אֱמָרְכֶם Mal 1:7 +; לֵאמֹר Gen 1:22 +, etc.; Participle active אֹמֵר Gen 32:10 +, etc.; passive הֶאָמוּר Mic 2:7, but this grammatically indefensible, read הֶאָמוֺר, Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative, see DrExpositor, April, 1887, 263.

1. Say (subject God Gen 3:1 + or man Gen 32:5, serpent Gen 3:1, ass Num 22:28, horse יאֹמַר הֶאָח Job 39:25 etc.; inanimate things, personified Job 28:14 compare vJob 28:22 etc.; so in allegory or fable Judg 9:8; 2Kgs 14:9 etc.; especially in narration, וַיּאֹמֶר etc., Gen 4:6 + very often): mostly followed by thing said, either substantive Jer 14:17 (c. clause app.) Deut 27:16f.; Judg 12:6 pronoun Gen 44:16; 2Kgs 20:14 +; or (usually) clause Gen 1:3; Gen 3:1; Gen 37:20 + often (oratio recta [direct speech]); with adverb thus, so Gen 32:5; Num 20:14; 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 + often; especially ׳כֹּה אָמַר י Exod 5:1; Exod 7:17; Exod 8:1; Exod 8:20; 1Chr 17:4 + often; the person addressed usually introduced by אֶל Gen 3:1; Gen 15:7; Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; 2Sam 3:7; 1Kgs 12:5; 1Kgs 12:23, or לְ Gen 3:13; Gen 4:15; 1Sam 20:2; 2Sam 2:21; 1Kgs 14:2 + often; rarer combinations are, בְּאָזְנֵי ׳א Isa 49:20 (compare Isa 5:9 & see דבר); לִפְנֵי ׳א Ezek 28:9 לְעֵינֵי ׳א Deut 31:7; Josh 10:12; Jer 28:11 בְּ ׳א Joel 2:17; Ps 126:2, where בְּ local; in all cases usually followed by direct object of words said, Exod 19:25 being very singular; Gen 4:8 the object-clause has probably fallen out, compare Vrss Di; = mention, name, designate Gen 22:2; Gen 22:3; Gen 43:27; Gen 43:29; Exod 32:13; Num 14:40; 1Sam 10:16; 1Sam 16:3; 2Sam 6:22; Neh 6:19 compare Ps 139:20 יֹמְרוּךָ לִמְזִמָּה speak of thee for falsehood (but many, as Hup Pe Dy Che, read יַמְרוּךָ); = tell, declare, proclaim, (followed by direct object only) Ps 40:11; Ezek 13:7 in reply to question = answer Exod 12:27; Josh 4:7; 1Kgs 9:9; Jer 5:19; Jer 22:9. The object spoken of may be referred to by אֶל 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 22:18; Jer 27:19, or לְ Gen 20:13 אִמְרִי לִֹי say of me, etc. Deut 33:9; Judg 9:54; Isa 5:20; Ps 3:3; Ps 71:10, very rarely by a simple accusative Isa 3:10 (where read probably for אִמְרוּ, אַשְׁרֵי), except after אֲשֶׁר where the words used follow (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d) Gen 3:17; Num 10:29; Num 14:31; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 9:17; 1Sam 9:23b 1Kgs 8:29; Lam 4:20 compare Num 21:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4, & (two extreme cases) Isa 8:12; Lam 2:15 (see DrSm i. 24, 5); ֶ˜האָמוּר Mic 2:7 read infinitive absolute with ה interrogative הֶאָמוֺר (see above) shall one say ? shall it be said ? After another verb of saying, introducing thing said: Deut 21:7; Deut 25:9; Deut 27:15; Song 2:10 +, even after אמר Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; Jer 34:2; Esth 7:5 +; especially infinitive לֵאמֹר, after דבר Gen 8:15, צוה Gen 2:16, ענה Gen 44:16, ברך Gen 1:22, נשׁבע Gen 24:7, נדר Gen 28:20, etc.; after אמר 2Sam 3:18; 1Kgs 12:23; Ruth 4:4; 1Chr 21:18 +; after שׁלח 2Chr 35:21, שׁוּב Gen 32:7 compare also Gen 28:6; Gen 9:5; Gen 13:8; Gen 17:4; Deut 13:7; Judg 8:15; 1Sam 23:2; 1Kgs 13:3; Jer 32:3; Jer 37:9 +; also when subject of לֵאמֹר differs from that of pre-ceding clause Gen 31:1; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:24 etc.; after שׁמע Isa 37:9 = 2Kgs 19:9.

2. Say in the heart (= think) בלבב ׳א Deut 8:17 compare 1Kgs 12:26; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 35:25; Isa 14:13; Isa 47:8; Isa 47:10; Isa 49:21; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18 לִלְבָבָם ׳א Hos 7:2 אֶללִֿבּוֺ ׳א Gen 8:21 said unto his heart (to himself), subject ׳י, compare 1Sam 27:1 אָֽמְרָה נַפֲשִׁי Lam 3:24 thence ׳א alone Gen 20:11; Gen 26:9; Num 24:11; Ruth 4:4; 1Sam 20:26; 2Sam 5:6; 2Sam 12:22; 2Kgs 5:11 followed by clause with כִּי Judg 15:2 in particular = desire מַהתּֿאֹמַר נַפְשְׁךָ 1Sam 20:4 compare Esth 2:13 followed by infinitive = purpose, Exod 2:14 thinkest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian ? Josh 22:33; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:19; 2Chr 28:10; 2Chr 28:13 expect 2Sam 21:16 he expected to slay David 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 32:1.

3. Promise (followed by infinitive) 1Chr 27:23; 2Chr 21:7; Esth 4:7 (id. + ל of person) 2Kgs 8:19; Neh 9:15 (followed by accusative of direct object + ל of person + infinitive of purpose) Neh 9:23.

4. Command (especially late) followed by אֶלֿ of per-son addressed, Num 15:38; 1Chr 21:18 followed by ל Josh 11:9; 2Sam 16:11; 2Kgs 4:24; Job 9:7; Ps 106:34 (see below אֲשֶׁר 8 e); followed by infinitive 1Sam 24:11; 1Chr 21:17; 2Chr 1:18; 2Chr 29:27; 2Chr 29:30; 2Chr 31:11; 2Chr 35:21; Esth 1:17; Esth 4:13; Esth 4:15; Esth 6:1; Esth 9:14 followed by infinitive + ל of pers, 2Chr 14:3; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 31:4; followed by accusative direct object 2Chr 29:24 the king commanded the burnt-offering and the sin-offering, compare 1Kgs 5:20; Esth 2:15 followed by clause with אשׁר = that Neh 13:19 id. + ל of person vNeh 13:22 followed by clause with כִּי Job 36:10 absolute 1Sam 16:16 (read however probably יאמרו for יאמר, compare Dr); also Ps 105:31; Ps 105:34; Ps 107:25; 1Chr 14:12; 2Chr 24:8; Neh 13:9; Neh 13:19 (all followed by verb consecutive); command by letter עִםהַֿסֵּפֶר ׳א Esth 9:25 (followed by imperfect); appoint, assign לוֺ ׳לֶחֶם א 1Kgs 11:18 = threaten followed by infinitive Deut 9:25; Ps 106:23. Niph`al Perfect נֶאֱמַר Dan 8:26 Imperfect יֵאָמֵר Gen 22:14 +; יֵאָ֫מֶר לוֺ Isa 4:3 יֵאָמַ֑ר Gen 10:9 +; וַיֵּאָמַ֑ר Josh 2:2 be said, told Gen 10:9; Gen 22:14; Ps 87:5; Jer 4:11; Jer 16:14 (all absolute, indefinite subject, of current saying); so said in a book Num 21:14 be related, told, of vision Dan 8:26 said, told to (followed by ל indirect object) Josh 2:2; Hos 2:1 (twice in verse); Zeph 3:16 either so, or told concerning Num 23:23; Ezek 13:12 (אֶלֿ); יֵאָמֵר לָכֶם = ye shall be called (it shall be said to you) Isa 61:6 (|| תִּקָּרְאוּ), compare Isa 4:3; Isa 19:18; Isa 32:5 (|| יִקָּרֵא ל) Isa 62:4 (twice in verse); hence be called, of Tophet לֹאיֵֿאָמֵר עוֺד הַתֹּפֶת Jer 7:32 subject שֵׁם Gen 32:29; Job 34:31 כִּי אֶלאֵֿל הֶאָמַר, Rabb (compare AV) treat הֵאָמַר as Niph`al Infinitive for לְהֵאָמֵר, but against grammar; the form as it stands is Qal Perfect, אֶלאֵֿל being prefixed to the interrogative for emphasis (compare Jer 22:15; Jer 23:26; Neh 13:27), see Dr§ 9 Di and others; Hoffm., however, reads הֵאָמֵר infinitive absolute = imperative 'so must one speak (it be spoken) to God.' Hiph`il Perfect avow, avouch Deut 26:17 הֶאֱמַרְתָּ הַיּוֺם לִהְיוֺת לְךָ לֵאלֹהִים ׳אֶתיֿ; vDeut 26:18 ׳וי הֶאֱמִירְךָ היום להיות לוֺ לְעַם (literally cause to declare, i.e. through agency of Moses; on this & other interpretations see Di). Hithpa`el Imperfect יִתְאַמְּרוּ Ps 94:4 subject כָּלפֹּֿעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן act proudly, boast (|| יַבִּיעוּ יְדַבְּרוּ עָתָק probably also 2 masculine plural תִּתְיַמָּ֑רוּ Isa 61:6 (in good sense, followed by בְּ of thing gloried in) ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 & compare ᵐ5; GesComm. so De Che Köi. 457 f. (from [ימר] exchange Thes Hi Kn Ew Di; but see ימר, מור).

BDB9309 H560 H559

BDB9308 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9310

אֲמַר71 verb say, tell, command (Biblical Hebrew אָמַר); —

Pe Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳א Dan 2:12 +, אֲמַ֑ר Dan 7:1 3 feminine singular אֲמֶ֫רֶר Dan 5:10 (K§ 38, 1 a); 1 singular אַמְרֵת Dan 4:5 1 plural אֲאַ֫רְנָא Dan 5:4; Dan 5:9, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵאמַר (K§ 41) Dan 2:7 +; 2 masculine plural תֵּאמְרוּן Jer 10:11, etc.; Imperative masculine singular אֱמַר Jer 2:4 +; masculine plural אֱמַרוּ Jer 2:9 Infinitive לְמֵאמַר vJer 2:9, לְמֵמַ֑ר Ezra 5:11 (K§ 41 a); Participle אְמַר Dan 2:5 + often, plural אָֽמְרִין Dan 3:4; Ezra 5:3 +; —
1. say (often in phrase answer and say): followed by oratio recta [direct speech] (only), Dan 2:7; Dan 2:10 + 13 t. Daniel; Ezra 5:11 + ל person Dan 2:5; Dan 3:14 + 14 t. Daniel [plural with indefinite subject for passive Dan 4:28], Ezra 5:15 + קְָדָס person Dan 2:9; Dan 5:17; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:14 + כֵּן Dan 4:11; Dan 7:23, כֵּן with ל person Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:24; Dan 2:25; Dan 6:7, compare Dan 7:5 + כְּנֵמָא with ל person Ezra 5:4; Ezra 5:9 + כִּדְנָךְ with ל person Jer 10:11 followed by accusative of thing + עַל person against whom Dan 3:29.
2. relate, tell: followed by accusative of thing Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15; Dan 7:1, + ל person Dan 2:4; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:7; Dan 7:16 (accusative of thing omitted), + קְָדָם person Dan 2:36; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:5.
3. command: followed by infinitive Dan 2:12; Dan 2:46 + 6 t. Daniel; followed by finite verb Dan 5:29; Dan 6:17; Dan 6:23 followed by ל person + or. rect. Dan 3:4 [pl. with indefinite subject, for passive, K§ 76 e, so Dan 4:23].

Strong's Definition H559
said, saying, saith, say, spake, …
ʾāmar
to say (used with great latitude)
  • to say, speak, utter
    • (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend
      • "(Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called"(Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly"(Hiphil) to avow, to avouch
Variations 175 forms of this word
Translations 575 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
הִנֵּה
הִנֵּה
Particle this / that
Dictionary form: הִנֵּה · hin-NAY
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Tm
Particle — Demonstrative
הִנֵּה Speech Particle Type Demonstrative
In English
In the KJV here: behold
behold ×420 and behold ×208 lo ×52 and lo ×35 that behold ×14 him behold ×12 here am i ×7 it and behold ×7
More options
look — Vivid, natural attention-getter; works in most contexts.
see — Slightly softer; good for pointing out a situation or fact.
listen — Prefer when the focus is on what follows, not what is seen.
here — Best for self-presentation or arrival contexts (e.g., 'here I am').
notice — More reflective; suits narrative asides or observations.
surely — Adverbial use; emphasizes certainty rather than attention-getting.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB2205 H2009

BDB2204 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2206

הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּהֿGen 19:2, demonstrative particle lo! behold! ( certainly, surely, literally lo !), with suffix (the pronoun being conceived as accusative, Ew§ 262 c.; compare, , which takes an accusative, whether of a noun or pronominal suffix) הִנְנִי Gen 6:13 + often (also הִנֶּ֣נִּי Gen 22:7), הִנֵּ֑נִי Gen 22:1; Gen 22:11 +, (הִנֶּ֔נִּי Gen 27:18), Isa 65:1 הִנֵּ֣נִי הִנֵּ֔נִי (but הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי is also said Gen 24:13; Gen 24:43; Gen 25:32; Gen 48:21; Exod 4:23; Exod 7:17 +; and, more rarely, הִנֵּה אֲנִי Ezek 37:5; Ezek 37:12; Ezek 37:19; Ezek 37:21; 2Chr 2:3, compare 2Kgs 10:9; Jer 32:27); הִנְּךָ Gen 20:3 + ( 2Kgs 7:2 הִנְּכָה), הִנֶּ֑ךָּ Ps 139:8, feminine הִנָּךָ Gen 16:11 + 6 t.; הִנּוֺ Num 23:17; Job 2:6; 1Chr 11:25, הִנֵּ֫הוּ Jer 18:3 Kt (הִנֵּה הוּא is more usual, as Gen 20:16; Gen 42:27; 1Sam 10:22; Jer 38:5; Ruth 3:2): 1 plural הִנְנוּ Josh 9:25; 2Sam 5:1; Jer 3:22; Ezra 9:15, הִנֶּ֫נּוּ Gen 44:16; Gen 50:18; Num 14:40, הִנֵּנ֑וּ Job 38:35 הִנְּכֶם Deut 1:10; Jer 16:12 הִנָּם Gen 40:5 + often (37 t.) — lo ! behold !
  a. pointing to persons or things, Gen 12:19 and now הִנֵּה אִשְׁתְּךָ behold thy wife ! Gen 18:9 הִנֵּה בָאֹהֶל behold (she is) in the tent (the suffix, when the noun to which הנה refers has immediately preceded, being not unfrequently omitted, Gen 16:14: compare Dr§ 135. 6, 2), Gen 30:3; Gen 31:51 (twice in verse); Exod 24:8 etc. With suffix of 1 person, especially in response to a call, indicating the readiness of the person addressed to listen or obey, Here I am ! (literally Behold me !) Gen 22:1; Gen 22:7; Gen 22:11; Gen 27:1; Gen 27:18; Gen 31:11; Gen 37:13; Gen 46:2; Exod 3:4; 1Sam 3:4; 1Sam 3:5; 1Sam 3:6; 1Sam 3:8; 1Sam 3:16; 1Sam 22:12; 2Sam 1:7; Isa 6:8, compare 1Sam 12:3 הִנְנִי עֲנוּ בִי here I am, answer against me, 1Sam 14:43 (compare Drp. 292), 2Sam 15:26 (in resignation: compare Gen 44:16; Gen 50:18; Josh 9:25; Ezra 9:15): of God Isa 52:6; Isa 58:9; Isa 65:1 (twice in verse) (repeated for emphasis). In the plural הננו Num 14:40; Jer 3:22; Job 38:35. — Emph. הִנְנִי אָ֕נִי Ezek 34:11; Ezek 34:20, compare Ezek 6:3. on חִנְנִי אֶל ֗֗֗ , see אל 4, p. 40.
  b. introducing clauses involving predication:
   (a) with reference to the past or present, it points generally to some truth either newly asserted, or newly recognized, Gen 1:29 behold ! I have given to you all herbs etc. Gen 17:20; Gen 27:6; 1Sam 14:33 etc.; often one upon which some proposal or suggestion is to be founded, Exod 1:9 (compare הן Gen 11:6) 1Sam 20:2; 1Sam 20:5; 2Kgs 5:20. When the proposal is to be of the nature of an entreaty or request, הִנֵּהנָֿא is often used, instead of the simple הִנֵּה Gen 12:11; Gen 16:2; Gen 18:7; 1Kgs 20:31; 1Kgs 22:13 and elsewhere (see נָא).
   (b) with reference to the future. Here it serves to introduce a solemn or important declaration Exod 32:34; Exod 34:10; Isa 7:14 and is used especially with the participle (the futuram instans [immanent future], Dr§ 135. 3) in predictions or threats, Gen 20:3 הִנְּךָ מֵת (literally) behold thee (accusative) about to die, thou art about to die, Exod 4:23; Exod 7:17; Exod 9:3; Deut 31:17; 1Sam 3:11; 1Kgs 20:36; 1Kgs 22:25; Isa 3:1; Isa 10:33; Isa 17:1; Isa 19:1; Isa 22:17; Isa 24:1 + often; in the phrase הנה ימים באים 1Sam 2:31; 2Kgs 20:17 = Isa 39:6; Amos 4:2; Amos 8:11; Amos 9:13 + Jer 15 t.; very often with the suffix of 1 person singular, as הִנְנִי מֵבִיא Behold, I bring (literally behold me bringing, or about to bring) . . . Gen 6:17; Exod 10:4 & often, especially in Jeremiah; Gen 9:9; Exod 8:17; Exod 9:18; Exod 34:11; Exod 2:20; Exod 29:14; Exod 43:19; Exod 11:22 (הִנְנִי פֹקֵד; so Jer 23:2 +) Jer 16:16; Jer 20:4, etc.; anomalously, with change of person, Isa 28:16 הִנְנִי יִסַּד (according to points) behold me, one who has founded, Isa 29:14 הִנְנִי יוֺסִף behold me, one who will add (so Isa 38:5); but it is dubious whether the participle יֹסֵד, יוֺסֵף should not be read.
  c. וְהִנֵּה ֗֗֗ very frequently in historical style, especially (but not exclusively) after verbs of seeing or discovering, making the narrative graphic and vivid, and enabling the reader to enter into the surprise or satisfaction of the speaker or actor concerned: Gen 1:31 and behold, it was very good, Gen 6:12; Gen 8:13; Gen 15:12; Gen 18:2; Gen 37:29; Exod 2:6; Deut 9:13 etc.: in the description of a dream Gen 37:7; Gen 37:9; Gen 40:9; Gen 40:16; Gen 41:1; Gen 41:2; Gen 41:3; Isa 29:8, or of a vision Amos 7:1; Amos 7:4; Amos 8:1 etc. With a participle (the context fixing the sense to the past), Gen 24:30; Gen 37:15 (both without suffix); Judg 9:43; Judg 11:34; 1Kgs 19:5; 1Kgs 19:11 +.
  d. like II. הֵן (b), nearly = if (rare): Lev 13:5; Lev 13:6; Lev 13:7; Lev 13:8 (& elsewhere in this and the next chapter) וְהִנֵּה and behold = and if, Deut 13:15 and Deut 17:4 וְהִנֵּה אֱמֶת and behold it is true = and if it be true, Deut 19:18; 1Sam 20:12 compare 1Sam 9:7; 2Sam 18:11; Hos 9:6.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

BDB6198 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6200

עַתָּ֫ה435 (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Köii. 260), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
  b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
  c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, vb Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
  d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
  e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
  a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
  b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
  c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
  d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
  e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
  g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr§ 141, 142); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

Strong's Definition H2009
behold, lo, here, see
hinnē
lo!
  • behold, lo, see, if
Variations 23 forms of this word
Translations 62 English renderings
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Word Parts
עָ֛ב
עָ֛ב
Root word clouds, cloud, thick, thickets, clay
Dictionary form: עָב · awb
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncbsa
Noun — Common, both singular, absolute state
עָב Speech Noun Type Common Gender Both Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: cloud
the clouds ×6 of the clouds ×3 and thick clouds ×2 as a cloud ×2 cloud ×2 with clouds ×2 and like a cloud ×1 as a thick cloud ×1
More options
cloud — Most versatile; suits weather, theophany, and metaphor contexts.
thick cloud — Emphasizes density and opacity; good for storm or divine glory scenes.
storm cloud — Highlights dramatic, threatening atmosphere; vivid in poetry.
dark cloud — Stresses gloom or obscurity; useful for judgment passages.
thicket — Use only when context clearly indicates dense vegetation, not sky.
dense mass — Abstract option covering both cloud and thicket senses broadly.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5753 H5672 H5645

BDB5752 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5754

עֲבִי noun [masculine] thickness; — construct נַּבֵּי מָגִנָּיו ׳ע Job 15:26 the thickness (stoutness) of the bosses of his shields (in figurative); suffix עָבְיוֺ its thickness, of the molten sea 1Kgs 7:26 = 2Chr 4:5 of pillar Jer 52:21. — 2Chr 4:17 see following — Under עבה belongs perhaps also בְּעַב הֶעָנָן Exod 19:9 (read בַּעֲבִי ?) in the thickness of the clouds, compare BuThLz 1892 (3), 63 Köii 1, 86.

BDB5847 H5645 H5646 H5672

BDB5846 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5848

II. עָב33 noun masculineIsa 19:1 and (1Kgs 18:44 KöSynt. 103) feminine dark cloud, cloud-mass, thicket; — ׳ע absolute 1Kgs 18:44 +, construct Isa 18:4; Prov 16:15 plural עָבִים Judg 5:4 +, עָבוֺת 2Sam 23:4 + 2Sam 77:18 construct עָבֵי 2Sam 22:12; Ps 18:12 suffix עָבָיו Ps 18:13 (but probably strike out, see עבר Qal near the end); —

1. dark cloud:
  a. rain-cloud Judg 5:4; Isa 5:6; 1Kgs 18:44; 1Kgs 18:45 + 9 t.
  b. as high Isa 14:14; Job 20:6, + Ezek 19:11; Ezek 31:3; Ezek 31:10; Ezek 31:14 (reading בְָוֺת, see עֲבֹת).
  c. chariot of ׳י Isa 19:1; Ps 104:3 covering his eyes Job 22:14.
  d. casting shadow Isa 25:5, compare 2Sam 23:4.
  e. as swift Isa 60:8, and transient Isa 44:22; Job 30:15 (all simile). feminine disposed by God Job 36:29; Job 37:16.
  g. טַל ׳ע Isa 18:4 cloud of dew, dew-mist (simile).
2. (cloud-) mass, שְׁחָקִים ׳ע 2Sam 22:12 masses of clouds (enwrapping ׳י) = Ps 18:12 (Ps 13 see above).
3. thicket as refuge Jer 4:29 (perhaps under Aramaic influence). — עַב Exod 19:9 see עֲבִי below עבה. I. עָב see above

Strong's Definition H5645
clouds, cloud, thick, thickets, clay
ʿāb
properly, an envelope, i.e., darkness (or density, 2 Chronicles 4:17); specifically, a (scud) cloud; also a copse
  • darkness, cloud, thicket
    • dark cloud
      • "cloud mass"thicket (as refuge)
Variations 17 forms of this word
Translations 21 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
קְטַנָּ֥ה
קְטַנָּ֥ה
Root word small, little, youngest, younger, least, …
Dictionary form: קָטָן · kaw-TAWN
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Aafsa
Adjective — feminine singular, absolute state
קְטַנָּה Speech Adjective Type Adjective Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: a little
small ×9 both small ×6 younger ×6 youngest ×6 from the least ×5 a little ×4 the youngest ×4 less ×3
More options
small — Most versatile; suits size, quantity, or importance.
young — Prefer when referring to age or birth order.
youngest — Use for superlative birth-order contexts.
least — Best for rank, status, or degree contexts.
minor — Formal; good for lesser officials or matters.
insignificant — Emphasizes low status or worth.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB7397 H6996

BDB7396 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7398

I. קָטָן adjective small, young, unimportant; — absolute ׳ק Gen 9:24 +; suffix קְטַנָּם (Köii.l,74) Jer 6:13 +; feminine singular קְטַנָּה Gen 29:16 +; masculine plural קְטַנִּים 2Kgs 18:24 +; construct קְטַנֵּי 1Sam 9:21 (see Dr; We conjectures נִּי-, old construct, cf, HPS), Prov 30:24 feminine plural קְטַנּוֺת Ezek 16:61 +; —

1. small; especially
  a. of children, youth = young, Gen 44:20 (J) 2Sam 9:12; 1Kgs 11:17; 2Kgs 2:23; 2Kgs 5:2, of sister Song 8:8 = younger, of two children (often opposed to גדול), Gen 9:24; Gen 27:15; Gen 27:42 (all J), Gen 29:16; Gen 29:18 (E), 1Sam 14:49 (feminine; opposed to הַבְּכִירָה); of younger sister Judg 15:2, so (figurative) Ezek 16:46 and (+ מִן compare) vEzek 16:61 brother 1Chr 24:31 ׳הַקּ youngest son (of several) 1Sam 16:11; 1Sam 17:14 גָּדוֺל = young and old (see קָטֹן 1) Jer 16:6 compare 2Chr 31:15; 2Chr 34:30.
  b. of things : utterance Num 22:18 (E), weight Deut 25:13; Deut 25:14, vessels 2Chr 36:18, animals Ps 104:25 (all opposed to גדול); compare also 2Sam 12:3; 1Kgs 2:20; 1Kgs 17:13; 1Kgs 18:44; 2Kgs 4:10; Ezek 43:14 (opposed to גדול), Prov 30:24; Song 2:15, + probably Ezek 46:22 (see II. [ קָטַר]); כְּלֵי הַקָּטָן Isa 22:24 the vessels of small size (figurative).
2. small;
  a. with added idea of weakness, person 2Kgs 18:24=Isa 36:9, city Eccl 9:14.
  b. = insignificant, (I) tribe 1Sam 9:21 (2) person (+גדול; = all persons) Jer 6:13; Jer 31:34; Jonah 3:5; Ps 115:13; Esth 1:5; Esth 1:20, cf . 1Chr 12:14 (van d. H. v.1Chr 12:13); (3) in general, יוֺם קְטַנּוֺת Zech 4:10 day of small things. — See also קָטֹן.

BDB7399 H6996

BDB7398 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7400

קָטֹן54 adjective small, insignificant; — absolute ׳ק 1Sam 2:19 +; construct קְטֹן 2Chr 21:17 — f., plural and suffix supplied by קָטָן; —

1. small: especially
  a. of youth = young, ׳נַעַר קּ 1Sam 20:35; 1Kgs 3:7; 2Kgs 5:14; Isa 11:6 = younger of two brothers, Gen 48:19 (E) Judg 1:13; Judg 3:9 (+ מִן compare); ׳הַקּ youngest brother Gen 42:13 + 10 t. Genesis (JE), son Judg 9:5; 2Chr 22:1, so קְטֹן בָּנָיו 2Chr 21:17 + גדול = young and old (see קָטָן 1), i.e. everybodty Gen 19:11 (J), 1Sam 5:9; 1Sam 30:2 + (of person and things) v1Sam 30:19.
  b. of things 1Sam 2:19; 1Kgs 8:64 (+ מִן compare), Amos 6:11; Isa 54:7 opposed to גָּדוֺל 1Sam 22:15; 1Sam 25:36; Gen 1:16 (P).
2. = unimportant, things, Exod 18:22; Exod 18:26 (E), 1Sam 20:2 (all opposed to גדול); person,=feeble Amos 7:2; Amos 7:5 = insignificant Jer 49:15; Obad 1:2 (both || בָּזוּי), Isa 60:22 (|| צָעִיר); בְּעֵינֶיךָ ׳ק 1Sam 15:17 especially + גָּדוֺל = low and high, + everybody, Deut 1:17; 1Kgs 22:31 = 2Chr 18:30; Jer 8:10; Job 3:19, +8 t. — See also קָטָן.

Strong's Definition H6996
small, little, youngest, younger, least, …
qāṭān
abbreviated, i.e., diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in age or importance)
  • young, small, insignificant, unimportant
    • small
      • "insignificant"young"unimportant
Variations 29 forms of this word
Translations 53 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
כְּ כַף
כְּ
Prefix — preposition like, as
כַף
Root word hands, hand, spoon, spoons, sole, …
Dictionary form: כַּף · kahp
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar R/Ncfsc
Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word
כְּ Speech Preposition
כַף Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Construct
In English
In the KJV here: hand
spoon ×12 his hands ×11 hand ×8 their hands ×7 and the spoons ×6 hands ×5 my hands ×5 out of the hand ×5
More options
palm — Most precise: the hollow, open part of the hand.
hand — General use; good when context doesn't stress the hollow.
sole — Use specifically when referring to the bottom of the foot.
hollow — Emphasizes cupped or concave shape of hand or foot.
spoon — Cultic/tabernacle contexts; bowl-shaped vessel.
handful — Use when quantity or measure is in view.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB4151 H3709

BDB4150 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4152

כַּף192 noun feminine1Kgs 8:54 hollow, or flat of the hand, palm, sole of foot, pan (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic id., Assyrian kappu, hand, pan, kippatu, hollow; Arabic palm, hand) — absolute ׳כ Job 29:9 +, so read probably also Ezek 29:7b for ᵑ0 כָּתֵף (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Sm Co, compare va); כָּ֑ף 2Kgs 11:12 +; more often construct כַּף Gen 40:11 +; suffix כַּפִּי Judg 12:3, כַּפְּךָ Job 13:31, etc.; in Ezek 29:7 read כַּף Qr for כפך Kt (so Ew Hi Sm Co Da); dual כַּפַּיִם Isa 49:16 +; construct כַּפֵּי Exod 29:24 (twice in verse) + 3 t.; suffix כַּפַּי Gen 20:5 +, כַּפָּיו Num 24:10 +, כַּפֵּיהֶם Isa 59:6 + 2 t., כַּפֵּימוֺ Job 27:23, etc.; plural כַּפּוֺת (especially of soles, and in metaphor senses) absolute Num 4:7 +; construct 2Kgs 9:35 +, suffix כַּפֹתָיו Exod 25:29; Exod 37:16 —

1. a. of human beings, hollow or flat of hand, palm, (c. 116 t.) 2Kgs 4:34 (twice in verse); ׳נָתַן אֵת הַכּוס עַלכּכַּף פ Gen 40:11; Gen 40:21 (E), set the cup upon the palm of Pharaoh (compare vGen 40:11a וְכוֺס פַּרְעֹה בְּיָדִי), similarly Lev 8:27 (twice in verse) (P) +; הַשֶּׁמֶן אֲשֶׁר עַלכּכַּפּוֺ Lev 14:16; Lev 14:17; Lev 14:18; Lev 14:27; Lev 14:28 as distinguished from wrist and arm, Deut 25:12 rarely with ידים (always כַּכּוֺת), שְׁתֵּי כַּפּוֺת ידיו 1Sam 5:4 (of Dagon), הַיָּדַיִם ׳כ 2Kgs 9:35, compare Dan 10:10 כַּף הַשְּׂמָאלִית Lev 14:15; Lev 14:26 note especially קֶמַח ׳מְלֹא כ 1Kgs 17:12 a handful of meal (literally palmful), compare Eccl 4:6 (where distinguished from מלא חָפְנַיִם a double fistful; in both these passages of a very small quantity); compare וַיְמַלֵּא כַּפּוֺ מִן Lev 9:17 (reference to מְלֹא קֻמְצוֺ Lev 2:2; Lev 5:12 compare Lev 6:8). In Exod 4:4 (JE), Prov 31:19; Ezek 21:16; Ps 129:7, etc., the thought is that of grasping.
  b. anthropomorph. of ׳י covering Moses over with his palm, וְשַׂכֹּתִי כַפִּי עָלֶיךָ Exod 33:22 (J), and so figurative (with שׁית) Ps 139:5 withdrawing ( הֵסִירׅ his hand Exod 33:23 (J); removing ( הִרְהִּיק ׅ his afficting hand Job 13:21 עַלכּכַּפַּיִם כִּסָּה אוֺר Job 36:32, i.e. he (God) hath filled his palms with light.
  c. once of animals, הוֺלֵךְ עַלכּכַּפָּיו Lev 11:27 going upon their palms, i.e. paws (cats, dogs, etc.).
  d. phrases are: — (I) הִכָּה כַּף = clap the hands, in applause 2Kgs 11:12 so ׳תָּקַע כ Ps 47:2, ׳מָחָא כ Isa 55:12 (figurative of trees), Ps 98:8 (figurative of rivers); but especially in scorn, contempt, etc., סָפַק אֶתכַּֿפָּיו Num 24:10 (J), יִשְׂפֹּק עָלֵימוֺ כַפֵּ֑ימוֺ Job 27:23 so תָּקַע כַּף עלֿ Nah 3:19, הִכָּה כַפִּי אֶלֿ Ezek 22:13 (of ׳י); absolute, בְכַפְּךָהִכָּה Ezek 6:11 (as מחא יד Ezek 25:6), הִכָּה כַּף אֶלכַּֿף Ezek 21:19, אַכֶּה כַפִּי אֶלכַּֿפִּי v.Ezek 21:22 (of ׳י). (2) תָּפַשׂ בַּכַּף grasp, seize with the hand Ezek 29:7 compare vEzek 29:7 (on text see above) (3) of hand-grasp as pledge לַזָּר כַּפֶּיךָתָּקַעְתָּ Prov 6:1 (if) thou hast smitten thy palms (given a double hand-grasp), for another (so De; || עָרַבְתָּ לְרֵעֶ֑ךָ); so absolute תקע כף Prov 17:18; Prov 22:26 (compare תקע ליד Job 17:3). (4) often of hand spread out in prayer, as sign of longing to receive, with פָּרַשׂ אֶלֿ Exod 9:29; Exod 9:33 (J), 1Kgs 8:38 = 2Chr 6:29, etc. (see יד Ps 143:6; Lam 1:17 and יָד 1 d, above; also פרשׂ, נשׂא, שׁטח). (5) שׂים כַּף לְפֶה, in respectful silence, Job 29:9. (6) figurative בְכַפִּיוָאָשִׂימָה נַפְשִׁי Judg 12:3 = I have taken my life in my hand (i.e. hazarded it), so 1Sam 19:5; 1Sam 28:21; Job 13:14 and (without verb) Ps 119:109. (7) ׳נִקְיֹן כ Gen 20:5 cleanness of palms is figurative for purity of act, compare Ps 26:6, also Job 9:30; Job 22:30; Ps 24:4; Ps 73:13 conversely, ( לֹא ) חָמָס בְּכַפָּ֑י Job 16:17; 1Chr 12:18; Isa 59:6; Jonah 3:8, compare Isa 59:3 (so ידים Isa 1:15), Job 31:7; Ps 7:4. — In many cases כַּף is not to be distinguished from יָד; so in phrase ׳יְגִיעַ כ toil of the hands Gen 31:42; Hag 1:11; Job 10:3; Ps 128:2 ׳פֹּעַל כ Ps 9:17, ׳חֵפֶץ כ Prov 31:13 ׳תְּבוּנוֺת כ Ps 78:72, ׳פְּרִי כ Prov 31:16 ; compare Mic 7:3.
2. = power (i.e. grasp) of any one, נתן בכף Judg 6:13 = deliver into the power of, so Jer 12:7, compare בּוֺא בכף Prov 6:3 usually הוֺשִׁיעַ, פּדָה, הִצִּיל etc., with מִכַּף = out of the power of Judg 6:14; 1Sam 4:3; 2Sam 14:16; 2Sam 19:10 (twice in verse); 2Sam 22:1 (twice in verse) = Ps 18:1 (title), 2Kgs 16:7 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 20:6 = Isa 38:6; Mic 4:10; Jer 15:21; 2Chr 30:6; 2Chr 32:11; Ezra 8:31; Ps 71:4 (compare יָד 5 g, p. 391 above)
3. רַגְלָהּכַּף, etc., = sole of foot, Gen 8:9 (J), Josh 3:13; Josh 4:18 (both J E), 1Kgs 5:17; 2Kgs 19:24 = Isa 37:25; Deut 11:24; Deut 28:56; Deut 28:65; Josh 1:3 (D) Ezek 43:7; Mal 3:21 קָדְקֳדוֺמִכַּף רַגְלוֺ וְעַד 2Sam 14:25; Job 2:7, compare Isa 1:6 (figurative); ׳ר ׳מִדְרַךְ כ Deut 2:5 treading-place for the sole of a foot; of the cherubim Ezek 1:7, of a calf, (in simile) vEzek 1:7., (according to MT; compare however Co).
4. of various hollow, bending or bent objects: —
  a. hollow (i.e. socket), of the thigh-joint, יָרֵךְ ׳כ Gen 32:26 (twice in verse); Gen 32:33 (twice in verse) (J).
  b. pan, vessel (as hollow), used in ritual, Exod 25:29; Exod 37:16; Num 5:7; Num 7:14 + 15 t. Num 7; 1Kgs 7:50 = 2Chr 4:22; 2Kgs 25:14 = Jer 52:18; Jer 52:19; 2Chr 24:14.
  c. hollow of sling, 1Sam 25:29.
  d. כַּפּוֺת תְּמָרִים Lev 23:40 = of huge hand-shaped branches (or fronds) of palm-trees.
  e. כַּפּוֺת הַמַּנְעוּל Song 5:5 the (bent) handles of the bolt.

Strong's Definition H3709
hands, hand, spoon, spoons, sole, …
kap
the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal, of the sole, and even of the bowl of a dish or sling, the handle of a bolt, the leaves of a palm-tree); figuratively, power
  • palm, hand, sole, palm of the hand, hollow or flat of the hand
    • palm, hollow or flat of the hand
      • "power"sole (of the foot)"hollow, objects, bending objects, bent objects
      • of thigh-joint
        • "pan, vessel (as hollow)"hollow (of sling)"hand-shaped branches or fronds (of palm trees)"handles (as bent)
Variations 72 forms of this word
Translations 92 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
אִ֖ישׁ
אִ֖ישׁ
Root word man, men, one, husband, mans, …
Dictionary form: אִישׁ · eesh
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncmsa
Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state
אִישׁ Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: like a mans
man ×241 men ×209 a man ×163 every man ×120 the men ×118 the man ×107 every one ×81 one ×57
More options
man — Default singular; covers most direct references to an adult male.
person — Gender-neutral; prefer when context stresses individuality over sex.
husband — Use specifically in marriage or household relationship contexts.
someone — Indefinite pronoun; suits partitive or existential constructions.
everyone — Distributive sense; fits 'each/every man' idioms.
fellow — Informal register; good for relational or contemptuous contexts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB389 H376 H381 H382

BDB388 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB390

אִישׁ2166 noun masculine man ( = vir) (MI, SI, Phoenician אש, perhaps also Sabean אסם compare Prätl.c, but DHMZMG 1883, 330) — ׳א absolute Gen 2:23 +; construct Gen 25:27 +; suffix אִישִׁי Gen 29:32 +, etc.; plural אִישִׁים Ps 141:4 + 2 t. (Phoenician אשם); usually אֲנָשִׁים Gen 12:20 +, from √ אנשׁ q. v.; construct אַנְשֵׁי Judg 6:27 +; suffix אֲנָשַׁי 1Sam 23:12 etc.; — man, opposed to woman Gen 2:23; Gen 2:24; Lev 20:27; Num 5:6; Deut 17:2f; Josh 6:21; Josh 8:25; Jer 40:7, emphasis on sexual distinction & relation Gen 19:8; Gen 24:16; Gen 38:25; Exod 22:15; Lev 15:16 (שִׁכְבַת זָרַ֑ע) vLev 15:18 (וְאִשָּׁה ׳זֿ׳אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁכַּב אִישׁ אֹתָהּ שׁ) Lev 20:10 f; Num 5:13f; Deut 22:22f; Isa 4:1 +; thence = husband, especially with suffix Gen 3:6; Gen 3:16; Gen 16:3; Gen 29:32; Gen 29:34; Lev 21:7; Num 30:7f; Deut 28:56; Judg 13:8f; Ruth 1:3f; 1Sam 25:19; Jer 29:6; Ezek 16:45 +; figurative of ׳י as husband of Israel אִישִׁי Hos 2:18 (opposed to בַּעְלִּי); man as procreator, father Eccl 6:3 of male child Gen 4:1 compare זֶרַע אֲנָשִׁים 1Sam 1:11 man, opposed to beast Exod 11:7; Lev 20:15 (compare אָדָם); compare figurative Ps 22:7 but also of male of animals Gen 7:2 (twice in verse) (אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֺ); man, opposed to God Gen 32:29; Num 23:19 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב (|| וּבֶןאָֿדָם וְיִתְנֶחָ֑ם); Job 9:32; Job 32:13; Hos 11:9 compare Isa 31:8; Job 12:10 (רוּחַ כָּלבְּֿשַׂר אִישׁ); hence in phrases to denote ordinary, customary, common שֵׁבֶט אֲנָשִׁים 2Sam 7:14 (|| נִגְעֵי בְּנֵי אָדָם); לֶחֶם אֲנָשִׁים Ezek 24:17; Ezek 24:22 [

**אֲנָשִׁים Ezek 24:17; Ezek 24:22 is textual error; We (apparently Sm) אֲנֻשִׁים; ToyHpt אוֺנִים (Hos 9:4).] (compare Isa 8:1); אַמַּתאִֿישׁ Deut 3:11 but also contracted אָדָם Ps 49:3; Ps 62:10 man, as valiant 1Sam 4:9 (twice in verse) (וִהְיוּ לַאֲנָשִׁים) so 1Kgs 2:2 compare 1Sam 26:15 so אִישׁ חַיִל 1Sam 31:12; 2Sam 24:9; 1Kgs 1:42 +; also אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה Num 31:49; Deut 2:14; Deut 2:16; Josh 5:4; Josh 5:6 +; even of ׳י Exod 15:3 יהוה אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה; often prefixed to other nouns in apposition אָדוֺן ׳א Gen 42:30; Gen 42:33, שַׂר וְשֹׁפֵט ׳א Exod 2:14, כֹּהֵן ׳א Lev 21:9, סָרִיס ׳א Jer 38:7 particular before adjective, of a people אִישׁ מִצְרִי Gen 39:1; Exod 2:11; Exod 2:19 compare Gen 37:28; Gen 38:1; Gen 38:2; Gen 39:14; 1Sam 17:12; 1Sam 30:11; 1Sam 30:13 +; a man as resident in, or belonging to a place or people Num 25:6; Judg 10:1 + (so Phoenician); usually plural אַנְשֵׁי יִשְׂרָאֵל 1Sam 7:11; 1Sam 31:7 (twice in verse) compare Josh 7:4; Josh 7:5 +; also singularcollective Deut 27:14; Josh 9:6; Josh 9:7; Judg 20:11; 1Sam 11:8 (see Dr) +; 2Sam 10:6; 2Sam 10:8 (טוֺב ׳א); (so MI10; MI13); men = retainers, followers, soldiers 1Sam 18:27; 1Sam 23:3 f 1Sam 24:3; 1Sam 25:13 + compare Deut 33:8 singular collective see Di; אִישׁ אֱלֹהִים man of God = prophet Deut 33:1; Josh 14:6; 1Sam 9:6f; 1Kgs 12:13f + (see אלהים); in phrase followed by abstract אִישׁ חַיִל, מִלְחָמָה ׳א see above; שֵׂיבָה ׳א Deut 32:25, הַדָּמִים ׳א 2Sam 16:7 compare see 8, הַבְּלִיַּעַל ׳א 2Sam 16:7, מָוֶת ׳א 1Kgs 2:26, חָמָס ׳א Ps 140:12; Prov 3:31 +; followed by word of occupation, etc. שָׂדֶה׳א Gen 25:27, הָאֲדָמָה׳א Gen 9:20 (compare Zech 13:5), ׳א הַבֵּנַיִם champion 1Sam 17:4 (compare Dr) v1Sam 17:23, בְּשׂרָה ׳א 2Sam 18:20, אִישׁ עֲצָתוֺ his counsellor Isa 40:13, compare אִישׁ חֶרְמִי 1Kgs 20:42, רֵעִים ׳א Prov 18:24 often distributive = each, every Gen 9:5; Gen 10:5; Gen 40:5 (twice in verse); Exod 12:3 +; including women Job 42:11; 1Chr 16:3 וַיְחַלֵּק לְכָלאִֿישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאִישׁ וְעַד אִשָּׁה לְאִישׁ כִּכַּרלֶֿחֶם; of inanimate things 1Kgs 7:30; 1Kgs 7:36 also אִישׁ אִישׁ Exod 36:4; Num 4:19; Num 4:49; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7 +; any one Exod 34:3 (twice in verse); Exod 34:24 +; also אִישׁ אִישׁ Lev 15:2; Lev 22:4; Lev 22:18 +; of gods 2Kgs 18:33 = Isa 36:18 one...another וְהִרְגוּ אִישֿׁ אֶתאָֿחִיו וְאִישׁ אֶתרֵֿעֵהוּ וְאִישׁ אֶתקְֿרֹבוֺExod 32:27, אִישׁ ֗֗֗ אָחִיו Deut 1:16; Mic 7:2 (see אָח), אִישׁרֵ֗֗֗עֵהוּ Gen 11:3; Gen 11:7 + (see רֵעַ) of inanimate things Gen 15:10.

Strong's Definition H376
man, men, one, husband, mans, …
ʾîš
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • man
    • man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
      • "husband"human being, person (in contrast to God)"servant"mankind"champion"great man
    whosoever"each (adjective)
Variations 91 forms of this word
Translations 398 English renderings
Man
Search every verse
Word Parts
עֹלָ֣ה
עֹלָ֣ה
Root word up, offered, offer, brought, come, …
Dictionary form: עָלָה · aw-LAW
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vqrfsa
Verb — Qal, Participle Active, feminine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"
עֹלָה Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Participle Active Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: there ariseth
went up ×80 came up ×45 go up ×41 and went up ×25 come up ×19 and offered ×17 shall come up ×15 brought up ×13
More options
go up — Modernized KJV form; most versatile and natural rendering.
ascend — More formal or elevated register; suits poetic or liturgical contexts.
climb — Implies physical effort; good for mountains or steep terrain.
rise — Best for sun, smoke, or abstract upward movement.
offer — Use specifically when the context is sacrificial or ritual.
bring up — Preferred when someone or something is being carried upward.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB6068 H5927

BDB6067 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6069

עָלָה890 verb go up, ascend, climb (Late Hebrew id.; MI33(?); Phoenician עלה; Assyrian elû; Arabic ; ᵑ7 and Syriac in derived species; compare perhaps Ethiopic (for Di54); Sabean עלי = DHMZMG xxxvii. 415, compare עלוהו = SabDenkm91); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע Gen 19:15 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽלְתָה Gen 40:10 +; עָלָ֑תָה Jer 14:2; 1Sam 1:22 2 masculine singular עָלִיתָ Gen 49:4 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲלֶה Gen 2:6 +, יַ֫עַל Gen 44:33 +, וַיַּעַל Gen 13:1 +; suffix יַעֲלֶנָּה Isa 35:9, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָלֹה Gen 46:4 + 2 t.; construct עֲלוֺת Gen 32:25 +, etc.; Imperative עֲלֵה Gen 35:1 +; feminine singular עֲלִי Num 21:17 +, plural עֲלוּ Gen 44:17 +; Participle עֹלֶה Gen 38:13 +; עוֺלֶה Isa 24:18 +, plural עֹלִים Gen 28:12 +, etc.; —
1. of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations:
  a. from low place to high, with מִן, מִמִּצְרַיִם Gen 45:25 (E) + 6 t.; מארץ מצרים Exod 13:18 (E) + 3 t.; מִבָּבֶל Ezra 7:6; Ezra 8:1 מִן הירדן Josh 4:16; Josh 4:17; Josh 4:19 (P); מ(ןהֿ)מדבר Song 3:6; Song 8:5 etc.
  b. out of a place, with מִן, מִן הארץ 1Sam 28:13 מֵהַבְּאֵר 2Sam 17:21 מִ(תּוֺךְ) הַפַּחַת Isa 24:18; Jer 48:44.
  c. with accusative of place whither: a city ביתאל Gen 35:1; Gen 35:3 (E); באר שׁבע Gen 26:23 (J); a mountain ההר Num 13:17 (JE) Deut 1:24 +, etc.; a bed Gen 49:4 (twice in verse) (J) 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:16, gate Ruth 4:1 (הַ)שָּׁמַיִם Deut 30:12; 2Kgs 2:11; Amos 9:2 + 4 t.; with אֶלֿ, אל (ה)הר Exod 19:23; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:4 (J) Exod 24:15; Exod 24:18 (P) + 5 t. P; אֶלהַֿמָּקוֺם Deut 17:8, אל ירושׁלם Ezra 7:7; Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2 (אל הר), with accusative of location + ׳אֶליֿ (see 2 b) Jer 31:6, of going up to Jerusalem (from a distance), etc.; with לְ to, לירושׁלם Ezra 1:3 (from Babylon); לבית 1Sam 25:35, etc.; with עַד unto, עדנֿחל Num 32:9 (J); with בְּ, בְּאַחַת עָרֵי 2Sam 2:1 (construction praegn.); בְּבעל פרצים 1Chr 14:11 (strike out בְּ); בְּגִרָלִי Judg 1:3.
  d. to sacred places, Exod 34:24, with accusative בית יהוה, from palace 2Kgs 19:14; 2Kgs 20:5; 2Kgs 20:8; 2Kgs 23:2; 2Chr 29:20; 2Chr 34:30; Isa 37:14; Isa 38:22; Jer 26:10 במה 1Sam 9:13; 1Sam 9:14; 1Sam 9:19 with אֶל, אל הר האלהים Exod 24:13 (E); ׳בּבית י 1Sam 1:7 (בּ dittograph); בהר יהוה Ps 24:3.
  e. with accusative דֶּרֶךְ by the way to Num 21:33 (E) Deut 3:1; Judg 8:11; 1Sam 6:9; 2Kgs 3:8 מעלה Jer 48:5 חוֺמָה Joel 2:7. feminine ascend, climb, with בְּ by, a ladder Gen 28:12 (E), Ezek 40:6; Ezek 40:22; Ezek 40:29, etc.; with עַל upon, altar by (ב) steps, of priest, Exod 20:23 (Gi; van d. H. vExod 20:26 E) the roof Josh 2:8; Judg 9:51, bed Ps 132:3 עַליָֿדָיו on his hands 1Sam 14:13 על במתי עב Isa 14:14 (|| ממעל לכוכבי אֵל), etc.
2. go up, in personal relations:
  a. to meet or visit, with אֶל person, Gen 44:17; Gen 44:24; Gen 44:34; Gen 45:9 (J) Josh 10:4; Josh 10:6 (all with implication of ascent), Deut 25:7 (to gate of city), +; with על person, Gen 38:12 (= ה locative, up to Timnah); לקראת Gen 46:29 (J) Judg 6:35; 2Kgs 1:3; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 1:7.
  b. go up unto (אֶל) God, on a height, אל האלהים Exod 19:3 (E) 1Sam 10:3 אל יהוה Exod 24:1 (E) Exod 19:24; Exod 32:30 (J) Judg 21:5 (twice in verse); Judg 21:8 (to war); אֵלַי Exod 24:12 (E) Deut 10:1 unto Deborah Judg 4:5.
  c. go up, in war, with אֶל against Num 13:31 (E) Judg 1:1; Judg 12:3; 1Sam 7:7; Isa 36:10 (= על 2Kgs 18:25) +; oftener with על, 1Sam 14:10; Judg 6:3; Judg 15:10; Judg 18:9; 1Kgs 14:25 +; with על + לַצָּבָא Josh 22:12; Josh 22:33 (P); with בְּ, Isa 7:6; Jer 48:18 with לְ Hab 3:16 + למלחמה Judg 20:18 + 3 t.; + במלחמה 1Sam 29:9 וַתּעל(ה) המלחמה 1Kgs 22:35 = 2Chr 18:34.
  d. go up after, with אחרי = follow 1Sam 25:13; 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 1:40.
  e. go up, depart, with מֵעַל (q. v.) 1Sam 6:20; Gen 17:22; Gen 35:18 (P) +, subject ׳כבוד י Ezek 11:23; Ezek 11:24 = withdraw, retreat, 1Kgs 15:19; 2Kgs 12:19; Jer 21:2, absolute 2Sam 23:9, and so read || 1Chr 11:13 (see DrSm).
3. of animals, go or come up: absolute frogs Exod 7:28 (J) Exod 8:2 (P), quails Exod 16:13 (P); lion Isa 35:9 fox Neh 3:25 rise up, fly up, eagle Isa 40:31; Jer 49:22 with מִן, cattle out of water Gen 41:2; Gen 41:3; Gen 41:18; Gen 41:19; Song 4:2; Song 6:6, lion מִגְּאוֺן הַיַּרְדֵּן Jer 49:19 = Jer 50:44, מִסֻּבְּכוֺ Jer 4:7, from prey Gen 49:9 (J); climb up into (ב) houses, locusts Joel 2:9 frogs, on (ב) persons Exod 7:29 (J); with על, of cattle, sexually Gen 31:10; Gen 31:12 (E); locusts upon the land Exod 10:12; Exod 10:14 (E) Joel 1:6.
4. of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth: trees Isa 55:13 (twice in verse); Ezek 47:12 קיקיון Jonah 4:6 grass Deut 29:22; Amos 7:1 ears of grain Gen 41:5; Gen 41:22 (E), also Gen 40:10 (E) Isa 5:6; Isa 32:13 compare simile Isa 53:2, Hos 10:8; Prov 26:9 כֻלּוֺ ׳ע קמשׂנים Prov 24:31 all of it grown up with thorns, Isa 34:13 figurative קֶרֶן Dan 8:3; Dan 8:8.
5. of natural phoenomena, go up, rise: dew, Exod 16:14, i.e. disappear (P); ׳אֵד ע מִןהָֿאָרֶץ Gen 2:6 (J), cloud 1Kgs 18:44; Jer 4:13 הַשַּׁחַר ׳ע dawn, etc. Gen 19:15 (JE) Judg 19:25; 1Sam 9:26 +; smoke Gen 19:28; Exod 19:18 (J) Judg 20:40 +; fire Judg 6:21 flame Judg 13:20 stench Isa 34:3; Joel 2:20 incense Ezek 8:11 well Num 21:17 (E); waters Jer 47:2 Nile Jer 46:7; Jer 46:8; Amos 8:8; Amos 9:5 with על, of overflow Isa 8:7 +.
6. of inanimate things (instead of passive construction), absolute, shock of grain (to גֹּרֶן) Job 5:26 of בָּשָׂר (covering bones in Ezekiel's vision) Ezek 37:8 with על, of garments upon the body Lev 19:19 (P) Ezek 44:17 razor on head Judg 13:5; Judg 16:17; 1Sam 1:11 yoke upon oxen Num 19:2 (P) 1Sam 6:7 lot upon an animal Lev 16:9; Lev 16:10 (P); with בְּ, weight in balance Ps 62:10 entry in (ב) a book 1Chr 27:24 = be offered (of sacrifice) 1Kgs 18:29; 2Kgs 3:20; Isa 60:7 אֲרוּכָה (q. v.) in healing, Jer 8:22, figurative 2Chr 24:13; Neh 4:1.
7. of thoughts, על לב ׳ע 2Kgs 12:5; Isa 65:17 + 5 t.; על לבב ׳ע Jer 51:50; Ezek 38:10 אל לב ׳ע Ezek 14:7 על רוּחַ ׳ע Ezek 20:32 of anger 2Sam 11:20; 2Chr 36:16 (ב person) + 3 t.; temper Eccl 10:4 (עָלֶיךָ).
8. come up before God, arrogance, בְּאָזְנָיו 2Kgs 19:18 = Isa 37:29 cry, ׳אֶלאֿ Exod 2:23 (P), with accusative 1Sam 5:12, absolute Jer 14:2 tumult Ps 74:23 of evil Jonah 1:2 (לְפָנַי).
9. go up, extend, of boundary, with מִן whence, + accusative, אֶל, לְ and even בְ whither Josh 15:3; Josh 15:6; Josh 15:8; Josh 18:12 (twice in verse) + (all P). 10. excel: thou excellest (עַל) them Prov 31:29 be superior to יעלה עליך מעלה מעלה Deut 28:43. — עוֺלֶה Job 36:33 is difficult, compare Comm., and see עַוְלָה). Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲלָה Num 10:11 +; 2 masculine singular נַעֲלֵיתָ Ps 97:9 Imperfect יֵעָלֶה Exod 40:37, etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָלוֺת Num 9:17 +, etc.; Imperative masculine plural הֵעָלוּ Num 16:24 —
1. a. be brought up: מבבל לירושׁלם Ezra 1:11.
  b. be taken up, וַתֵּעֲלוּ על שׂפת לשׁון Ezek 36:3 (Köi. 553; talked about).
  c. (1) passive, be taken up, away, of (pillar of) cloud, followed by מֵעַל of tabernacle Exod 40:36; Num 9:17; Num 10:11 (P); absolute Exod 40:37 (twice in verse); Num 9:21 (twice in verse); Num 9:22 (P); of the glory from upon the cherubim Ezek 9:3 (2) reflexive, take oneself away from, get up from: מִסָּבִיבֹ Num 16:24 מֵעַל vNum 16:27 of a besieging army Jer 37:5; Jer 37:11.
2. reflexive: take oneself away מאחרי person, from following after, 2Sam 2:27.
3. be exalted, of God Ps 47:10 with על, over all gods Ps 97:9.

Hiph`il Perfect הֶעֱלָךְ Num 8:3 +, הֵעֲלָה Hab 1:15 (Ges«GKC:63p»§ 63p); suffix הֶעֶלְךָ Neh 9:18, הֶעֱלָנוּ Exod 32:1 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular וְהַעַלְתָה 1Sam 2:19 consecutive; suffix הֶעֱלָ֫תַם Josh 2:6 2 masculine singular הֶעֱלִיתָ Exod 33:1 +; וְהַעֲלִיתָ consecutive Deut 27:6 +; הֶעֱלֵיתָ Exod 32:7 וְהַעֲלֵיתָ consecutive Exod 40:4 2 masculine plural suffix הֶעֱלִיתֻנוּ Num 20:5; Num 21:5, etc.; Imperfect יַעֲלֶה Lev 17:8 +; וְיַ֫עַל 2Sam 24:22 וַיַּעֲלֶה Jer 10:13 וַיַּ֫עַל Gen 8:20 +, suffix יַעְלֵם Deut 28:61, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַעֲלֵה Ezek 23:46 construct הַעֲלוֺת 1Chr 23:31 +, etc.; Imperative הַ֫עַל Exod 33:12 + 2 t.; feminine singular הַעֲלִי 1Sam 28:8; 1Sam 28:11 +, etc.; Participle מַעֲלֶה 1Sam 7:10 +; construct מַעֲלֵה Lev 11:4 +; suffix מַעַלְךָ Deut 20:1; Ps 81:11 feminine מַעֲלָה Lev 11:26 construct מַעֲלַת Lev 11:3; Lev 11:6; Deut 14:6, etc.; —

1. bring up persons:
  a. from a place, with מִן ׃מִן הַסָּ֑לַע Judg 15:13 מִמִּצְרַיִם Exod 17:3 (E) + 3 t. E, + 8 t.; מארץ מצרים Exod 32:1 (J) + 5 t. J, + Lev 11:45 (P), Deut 20:1; Josh 24:17 (E), + 13 t.; מארץ צפון Jer 16:15 = Jer 23:8.
  b. (1) out of a place, with ׃מן מִ(ן הַ)בּוֺר Gen 37:28 (E) Ps 40:3; Jer 38:10; Jer 38:13 משּׁחת Jonah 2:7 מקּברות Ezek 37:12; Ezek 37:13 מןשֿׁאול Ps 30:4, etc.; (2) with בְּ by means of, בְּחֶרְמִי Ezek 32:3 (Hab 1:15 see 3 below).
  c. with accusative of place whither, Num 20:25 (P) Num 22:41 (E) Josh 2:6; Josh 7:24 (J) Ezra 4:2 השׁמים 2Kgs 2:1 with אֶלהָֿעֲלִיָּה ׃אֶל 1Kgs 17:19 with לבית ׃לְ 2Chr 8:11.
  d. cause to ascend, climb: על המרכבה 1Kgs 20:33 (אֶל 2Kgs 10:15 probably error), עלהֿמגדלות 2Chr 32:5 (ᵑ9 built towers thereon, i.e. עָלָיו ׳ע); מֵעַל להומה Neh 12:31 see על IV 2 e.
2. in personal relations:
  a. bring up, with אל, 1Sam 19:15; 2Kgs 10:15; 2Kgs 25:6; Jer 39:5; Jer 52:9 with לְ 1Sam 28:8; 1Sam 28:11 (twice in verse).
  b. in war, with עַל against 2Chr 36:17; Jer 50:9; Ezek 16:40; Ezek 23:46; Ezek 26:3.
  c. take away (from life) Ps 102:25; Job 36:20.
3. bring up animals, with על, frogs על הארץ Exod 8:1; Exod 8:3 (P); bring up horses to a charge Jer 51:27, compare Nah 3:3 draw up men, under figure of fish (בְּחַכָּה) Hab 1:15 train, young lion Ezek 19:3 of cattle, מעלה גֵרָה, i.e. chewing the cud Lev 11:3; Lev 11:4 (twice in verse); Lev 11:5; Lev 11:6; Lev 11:26; Deut 14:6; Deut 14:7 (twice in verse).
4. cause to ascend: with accusative of thing, smoke מן העיר Judg 20:38 stench באף Amos 4:10, etc.; bring waters upon, על Isa 8:7 bring up from (מן location) 2Sam 6:2; 2Sam 6:12; 1Kgs 8:1; Gen 50:25 (JE), +; with אֶל location, Judg 16:3; 1Chr 15:3; 1Chr 15:12, with accusative of location 2Chr 2:15 with אל person 1Sam 6:21 with לְ person Judg 16:8; 1Sam 2:19 with על, bring sickness upon Deut 28:61 עפר על ראשׁ ׳הע throw dust on the head Josh 7:6; Lam 2:10; Ezek 27:30 clothe sackcloth upon Amos 8:10 flesh upon Ezek 37:6 put ornaments on 2Sam 1:24 compare also 1Kgs 10:16; 1Kgs 10:17 = 2Chr 9:15; 2Chr 9:16; 2Chr 3:5; 2Chr 3:14 נֵר ׳הע light lamp (make flame go up; Thes and others of raising lamp upon the lamp-stand) Exod 25:37; Exod 27:20 + 6 t. P; bring up new flesh (heal; see אֲרוּכָה) Jer 30:17; Jer 33:6.
5. mentally: גִּלּוּלִים על לב ׳הע Ezek 14:3, אל לב vEzek 14:7, i.e. make object of thought; rouse, stir up, with accusative אַף, anger Prov 15:1, compare Ezek 24:8.
6. ׳מנחה ל ׳הע 2Kgs 17:4 offer a present; bring up tithe to (ל) Neh 10:39 מַס ׳הע raise a levy 1Kgs 5:27; 1Kgs 9:15, למס v1Kgs 9:21; 2Chr 8:8.
7. exalt: Ps 137:6 if I exalt not Jerusalem above (עַל) my chief joy; אנכי אַעַלְךָ גםֿ(מ)עלה Gen 46:4 (E) I will exalt thee exceedingly (compare Qal 10; מ lost in ᵑ0, after ם; Di and most bring up).
8. cause to ascend (in flame; Thes and others to go up on altar), offer sacrifice, usually עֹלָה, either alone or following by other sacrifices: העלה עלות Exod 24:5 (E) Exod 32:6 (J) Lev 17:8 (H) Deut 12:13; Deut 12:14 + (see עֹלָה); seldom: קטרת Exod 30:9 (P), compare Ps 66:15 מנחה Isa 57:6; Isa 66:3, also probably 1Kgs 18:29; 1Kgs 18:36; 2Kgs 3:20 ( > Qal); פר(יםׅ Num 23:2; Num 23:4; Num 23:14; Num 23:30 (E) Ps 51:21 הטוב בעיניו 2Sam 24:22 ליהוה ׳הע Judg 13:16 absolute 2Chr 8:13; 2Chr 29:29 לעולה ׳הע Gen 22:2; Gen 22:13 (E); with accusative of location מַעֲלֶה בָמָה Jer 48:35 מזבח(לׅ Lev 14:20 (P) Isa 60:7 ( > Qal); with לְ local 2Chr 29:27 with בְּ local Gen 8:20 (J) Num 23:2; Num 23:4; Num 23:14; Num 23:30 (E); עלהַֿחֹמָה 2Kgs 3:27 usually על location, על הַצּוּר Judg 13:19, על מזבח ׳הע 1Kgs 12:32; 1Kgs 12:33 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 16:12; 2Chr 1:6; 2Chr 29:21; 1Sam 2:28, פרים על מזבח Ps 51:21 elsewhere עלות על מזבח ׳חע Exod 40:29 (P) Josh 22:23; 1Kgs 3:4; 1Kgs 9:25; 2Chr 1:6; 2Chr 35:16; Ezra 3:2; Ezek 43:18, ׳עלות ליהוה על מז ׳הע Deut 27:6; Josh 8:31; 1Chr 16:40; 2Chr 8:12; Ezra 3:3. Hoph`al Perfect;.; —
1. be carried away, 3 feminine singular הֹעֲלָ֑תָךְ Nah 2:8.
2. be taken up into, inserted in, 3 masculine singular הֹעֲלָה 2Chr 20:34 (על ספר) (passive of Qal 6).
3. 3 masculine singular be offered, of פר Judg 6:28 (על המזבח). Hithpa`el lift oneself: Imperfect 3 masculine singular אֶליִֿתְעַל Jer 51:3 against (him that) lifts himself, but corrupt; either read אַלֿ, let him not, etc. (ᵑ6 ᵑ7 ᵑ9 Hi Gf Gie Rothst), or strike out אל (ᵐ5 CoHpt.).

BDB9763 H5927

BDB9762 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9764

עלה (√of following; see Biblical Hebrew עָלָה).

Strong's Definition H5927
up, offered, offer, brought, come, …
ʿālâ
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
  • to go up, ascend, climb
    • (Qal)
      • to go up, ascend
        • "to meet, visit, follow, depart, withdraw, retreat"to go up, come up (of animals)"to spring up, grow, shoot forth (of vegetation)"to go up, go up over, rise (of natural phenomenon)"to come up (before God)"to go up, go up over, extend (of boundary)"to excel, be superior to
      (Niphal)
      • to be taken up, be brought up, be taken away
        • "to take oneself away"to be exalted
      (Hiphil)
      • to bring up, cause to ascend or climb, cause to go up
        • "to bring up, bring against, take away"to bring up, draw up, train"to cause to ascend"to rouse, stir up (mentally)"to offer, bring up (of gifts)"to exalt"to cause to ascend, offer
      (Hophal)
      • to be carried away, be led up
        • "to be taken up into, be inserted in"to be offered
      (Hithpael) to lift oneself
Variations 234 forms of this word
Translations 440 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
מִ יָּ֑ם
מִ
Prefix — preposition from, out of
יָּ֑ם
Root word sea, west, seas, westward, side, …
Dictionary form: יָם · yawm
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar R/Ncmsa
Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state
מִ Speech Preposition
יָּם Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: out of the sea
the sea ×86 of the sea ×70 sea ×68 westward ×19 the west ×17 of the seas ×12 and the sea ×8 at the sea ×7
More options
sea — Best default; fits ocean, lake, or large body.
ocean — Use when scale or vastness is emphasized.
west — Directional sense; Israelites faced east, sea lay west.
waters — Poetic or collective contexts; evokes expanse.
lake — Smaller inland bodies, e.g. Sea of Galilee.
western — Adjectival directional use, e.g. 'western border'.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3567 H3220

BDB3566 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3568

יָם390 noun masculineExod 14:27 sea (Phoenician ים; Arabic ; Palmyrene בימא on the sea, VogNo. 79; on Assyrian iâmu, (¹mu), sea, see DlHWB 307 M-ACD 52 HptBAS i. 171 n.) — absolute יָם 1Sam 13:5 +; יָ֫מָּה Gen 28:14 +; construct יָם Gen 14:3 + 23 t., also יָ֫מָּה סוּף Exod 10:19, but always יַםסֿוּף Exod 13:18 + 22 t.; suffix יַמָּהּ Jer 51:36 plural יַמִּים Judg 5:17 + 29 t.; — sea: especially

1. Mediterranean Num 13:29 (E), Num 34:5 (P), Deut 1:7; Josh 5:1; 1Kgs 5:23 (twice in verse); Jonah 1:4 (twice in verse) + often; the Mediterranean is called also הַיָּם הַגָּדוֺל Num 34:6; Num 34:7; Josh 15:12; Josh 15:47; Ezek 48:28 +, compare וּרְחַב יָדַיִם ׳גּ ׳הַיּ Ps 104:25 מְבוֺא ׳הַיָּם חַגּ הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ Josh 1:4; Josh 23:4 (see Assyrian name of Mediterranean tiamtu rabitu ša sulmu šamši, etc., SchrNamender Meere. 171 ff.); אֶלמֿוּל הַלְּבָנוֺן ׳הַגּ ׳הַיּ Josh 9:1 הָאַחֲרוֺן ׳הַיּ the hinder sea Deut 11:24; Deut 34:2; Zech 14:8; Joel 2:20 (in the last two opposed to הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַיּ, see below); of Mediterranean in particular part יָם פְּלִשְׁתִּים Exod 23:31 (JE); יָם יָפוֺ 2Chr 2:15 = יָם יָפוֺא Ezra 3:7.
**Of Mediterranean in plural Dan 11:45 [compare 8 d] Hi Ke Meinh Bev Dr (world-encircling seas Behrm).
2. יַםסֿוּף 'Red Sea' (see סוּף) Exod 13:18 (compare Exod 10:19), Exod 15:4; Num 14:25; Deut 1:40; Josh 2:10; Judg 11:16 + often; also הַיָּם Exod 14:2 (twice in verse); Exod 14:9; Isa 51:10 (twice in verse); Isa 63:11 +; probably also יָםמִֿצְרַיִם Isa 11:15 'Red Sea' named or referred to approximately 66 t.; יִםסֿוּף clearly of lanitic Gulf 1Kgs 9:26 (compare 2Chr 8:17).
3. Dead Sea, יָם מֶלַח sea of salt Gen 14:3; Num 34:3; Num 34:12; Deut 3:17; Josh 3:16; Josh 12:3; Josh 15:2; Josh 15:5; Josh 18:19 יָם הָעֲרָבָה Deut 3:17; Deut 4:49; Josh 3:16; Josh 12:3; 2Kgs 14:25 הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַי Ezek 47:18; Zech 14:8; Joel 2:29 (see above); simply יָם Isa 16:8; Jer 48:32 — in יָם יַעְזֵר Jer 48:32 יָם is textual error, strike out with Gf Gr Che Gie.
4. Sea of Galilee יָם כִּנֶּרֶת Num 34:11; Josh 13:27 יָם כִּנְּרוֺת Josh 12:3 simply יָם Deut 33:23.
5. more generally sea, opposed to earth and (or) sky Gen 1:26; Gen 1:28; Gen 9:2 (P), Exod 20:11 (E), Hag 2:6 + often Job, Psalms, Isa2 etc.; Amos 6:12 read בַּבָּקָר יָם for בקרים (see בָּקָר); sea as under earth Ps 24:2 (compare Gen 1:10; Gen 6:11; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:3); figurative of flood of invaders, עָלָה עַלבָּֿבֶל הַיָּם Jer 51:42.
6. of a mighty river, the Nile Nah 3:8 (twice in verse); Isa 19:5 (|| נָהָר); compare הַתַּנִּין אֲשֶׁר בַּיָּם Isa 27:1 and כַּתַּנִּים בַּיַּמִּים Ezek 32:2 (simile of Pharaoh); of Euphrates Isa 21:1; Jer 51:36 (according to Che Gf and others; Isa 21:1 perhaps better of Persian Gulf, see Di).
7. the great basin in temple-court, called the sea: וַיַּעַשׂ אֶתהַֿיָּם מוּצָק 1Kgs 7:23 = 2Chr 4:2 יָם הַנְּחשֶׁת 2Kgs 25:13; 1Chr 18:8; Jer 52:17 הַיָּם alone 1Kgs 7:24; 1Kgs 7:25 + 10 t. Kings Chronicles + Jer 52:20.
8. combinations are:
  a. shore of sea, sea-shore שְׂפַת הַיָּם Josh 11:4; 1Kgs 5:9, and in simile Gen 22:17; Judg 7:12; 1Sam 13:5 ׳חוֺף הַי Josh 9:1; Ezek 25:16 חוֺף יַמִּים Gen 49:13; Judg 5:17 compare חֶבֶל הַיָּם Zeph 2:5 region by the sea; so vZeph 2:6 but dubious, see I. חֶבֶל
3. b. sand of the sea (shore) חוֺל הַיָּם (in simile) Gen 32:13; Gen 41:49; Hos 2:1; Isa 10:22 + often (see חוֺל); חוֺל גְּבוּל לַיָּם Jer 5:22.
  c. לְשׁוֺן הַיָּם tongue (arm or gulf) of sea Josh 15:5; Josh 18:19; Isa 11:5.
  d. מִיָּם עַדיָֿם Amos 8:12; Zech 9:10; Ps 72:8, compare Mic 7:12; Zech 14:8 (twice in verse); Joel 2:20 (twice in verse); Dan 11:45.
9. = (west, west-word (originally sea-ward, from position of Mediterranean with reference to Palestine, and this sense still often perceptible): with other three points of compass Gen 13:14; Gen 28:14 (J), Num 2:18; Num 35:5 (P), Deut 3:27; 1Kgs 7:25; 1Chr 9:24; 2Chr 4:4; Ezek 42:19 + 6 t. Ezekiel; Zech 14:4; Dan 8:4; Ps 107:3 (מִמִּזְרָח וּמִמַּעֲרָב מִצָּפוֺן וּמִיָּם; but read perhaps וּמִיָּמִן from the south, Hu Pe Bi Che); opposed to east Josh 11:2; Josh 16:6 + 16 t. Ezek 48 west alone Gen 12:8 (J); רוּהַ יָם Ezek 10:19 (J) west wind; מִיָּם לְ westward Josh 8:9; Josh 8:12; Josh 8:13 +; יָ֫מָּה westward, often of tabernacle Exod 26:22; Exod 26:27; Num 3:23 + (all P), and of land Josh 5:1; Josh 15:8; Josh 15:10 etc., + often Ezekiel; דֶּרֶךְ הַיָּם = westward Ezek 41:12 גְּבוּל יָם western border Num 34:6 (twice in verse); Josh 15:2 פְּאַתיָֿם west side Exod 27:12; Exod 38:12; Num 35:5; Josh 18:14 פְּאַת דרך הים Ezek 41:12 (see further פאה).

BDB9582 H3220 H3221

BDB9581 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9583

[יַם] noun masculine sea (ᵑ7 Syriac; see B יָם, √ ימם); — emphatic יַמָּא Dan 7:2; Dan 7:3.

Strong's Definition H3220
sea, west, seas, westward, side, …
yām
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river, or an artifical basin; locally, the west, or (rarely) the south
  • sea
    • Mediterranean Sea
      • "Red Sea"Dead Sea"Sea of Galilee"sea (generally)"mighty river (Nile)"the sea (the great basin in the temple court)"seaward, west, westward
Variations 39 forms of this word
Translations 73 English renderings
Great Sea Salt Sea Sea Sea of Chinnereth Sea of Chinneroth Sea of Egypt Sea of Jazer Sea of the Arabah Sea of the Philistines
Search every verse
Word Parts
וַ יֹּ֗אמֶר
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יֹּ֗אמֶר
Root word said, saying, saith, say, spake, …
Dictionary form: אָמַר · aw-MAHR
Vowels & Accents
וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Vqw3ms
Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"
וַ Speech Conjunction
יֹּאמֶר Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: and he said
said ×947 saying ×718 and said ×688 saith ×527 and he said ×343 then said ×139 say ×122 and say ×119
More options
say — Most versatile; fits nearly any context or register.
declare — Emphasizes formal or authoritative pronouncement.
tell — Prefer when communication to an audience is stressed.
speak — Highlights the act of oral expression itself.
command — Use when the utterance carries directive force.
think — Fits internal or reflective speech contexts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB557 H559

BDB556 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB558

אָמַר5287 verb utter, say (MI, Phoenician אמר, Aramaic אֲמַר, Ethiopic I. 2 shew, declare, Arabic command; perhaps √ אמר originally = be or make prominent, hence Hithpa`el below, אָמִיר; Sabean אמר lofty, epithet of king JHMordtmZMG 1876, 37; compare DlPr 28 who thinks original meaning hell, sichtbar sein, whence Assyrian amâru, see, & shew, declare, say) — Qal Perfect ׳א Gen 3:1 +, etc.; Imperfect יאֹמַר Gen 31:8 +; וַיּאֹ֫מֶר Gen 1:3 +; וַיּאֹמַ֑ר Gen 14:19 +; in Job always וַיּאֹ֑מַר Job 3:2 +; 3 feminine singular תּאֹמַר Gen 21:12 +; תּאֹמֵר֑ Prov 1:21 1 singular אֹמַר Gen 22:2 +; אוֺמְרָה Ps 42:10 וָאֹמַר Gen 20:13 +; וָאוֺמַר Neh 2:7; Neh 2:17; Neh 2:20 3 masculine plural יאֹמְדוּ Exod 4:1 + etc.; suffix יֹמְרוּךָ Ps 139:20 2 masculine plural תֹּמְדוּ 2Sam 19:14 ( compare Köi. p. 385); Imperative (אֱמָרֿ) אֱמֹר Gen 45:17 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָמוֺר Exod 21:5 +; construct אֱמֹר Ezek 25:8 +; (הַ)אֲמֹר Job 34:18 but read הָאֹמֵר ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Di, or better הֶאָמֹר Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative compare Ew :§ 328 d; suffix אָמְרִי Josh 6:10 +; אֲמָרְכֶם Jer 23:38 אֱמָרְכֶם Mal 1:7 +; לֵאמֹר Gen 1:22 +, etc.; Participle active אֹמֵר Gen 32:10 +, etc.; passive הֶאָמוּר Mic 2:7, but this grammatically indefensible, read הֶאָמוֺר, Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative, see DrExpositor, April, 1887, 263.

1. Say (subject God Gen 3:1 + or man Gen 32:5, serpent Gen 3:1, ass Num 22:28, horse יאֹמַר הֶאָח Job 39:25 etc.; inanimate things, personified Job 28:14 compare vJob 28:22 etc.; so in allegory or fable Judg 9:8; 2Kgs 14:9 etc.; especially in narration, וַיּאֹמֶר etc., Gen 4:6 + very often): mostly followed by thing said, either substantive Jer 14:17 (c. clause app.) Deut 27:16f.; Judg 12:6 pronoun Gen 44:16; 2Kgs 20:14 +; or (usually) clause Gen 1:3; Gen 3:1; Gen 37:20 + often (oratio recta [direct speech]); with adverb thus, so Gen 32:5; Num 20:14; 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 + often; especially ׳כֹּה אָמַר י Exod 5:1; Exod 7:17; Exod 8:1; Exod 8:20; 1Chr 17:4 + often; the person addressed usually introduced by אֶל Gen 3:1; Gen 15:7; Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; 2Sam 3:7; 1Kgs 12:5; 1Kgs 12:23, or לְ Gen 3:13; Gen 4:15; 1Sam 20:2; 2Sam 2:21; 1Kgs 14:2 + often; rarer combinations are, בְּאָזְנֵי ׳א Isa 49:20 (compare Isa 5:9 & see דבר); לִפְנֵי ׳א Ezek 28:9 לְעֵינֵי ׳א Deut 31:7; Josh 10:12; Jer 28:11 בְּ ׳א Joel 2:17; Ps 126:2, where בְּ local; in all cases usually followed by direct object of words said, Exod 19:25 being very singular; Gen 4:8 the object-clause has probably fallen out, compare Vrss Di; = mention, name, designate Gen 22:2; Gen 22:3; Gen 43:27; Gen 43:29; Exod 32:13; Num 14:40; 1Sam 10:16; 1Sam 16:3; 2Sam 6:22; Neh 6:19 compare Ps 139:20 יֹמְרוּךָ לִמְזִמָּה speak of thee for falsehood (but many, as Hup Pe Dy Che, read יַמְרוּךָ); = tell, declare, proclaim, (followed by direct object only) Ps 40:11; Ezek 13:7 in reply to question = answer Exod 12:27; Josh 4:7; 1Kgs 9:9; Jer 5:19; Jer 22:9. The object spoken of may be referred to by אֶל 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 22:18; Jer 27:19, or לְ Gen 20:13 אִמְרִי לִֹי say of me, etc. Deut 33:9; Judg 9:54; Isa 5:20; Ps 3:3; Ps 71:10, very rarely by a simple accusative Isa 3:10 (where read probably for אִמְרוּ, אַשְׁרֵי), except after אֲשֶׁר where the words used follow (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d) Gen 3:17; Num 10:29; Num 14:31; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 9:17; 1Sam 9:23b 1Kgs 8:29; Lam 4:20 compare Num 21:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4, & (two extreme cases) Isa 8:12; Lam 2:15 (see DrSm i. 24, 5); ֶ˜האָמוּר Mic 2:7 read infinitive absolute with ה interrogative הֶאָמוֺר (see above) shall one say ? shall it be said ? After another verb of saying, introducing thing said: Deut 21:7; Deut 25:9; Deut 27:15; Song 2:10 +, even after אמר Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; Jer 34:2; Esth 7:5 +; especially infinitive לֵאמֹר, after דבר Gen 8:15, צוה Gen 2:16, ענה Gen 44:16, ברך Gen 1:22, נשׁבע Gen 24:7, נדר Gen 28:20, etc.; after אמר 2Sam 3:18; 1Kgs 12:23; Ruth 4:4; 1Chr 21:18 +; after שׁלח 2Chr 35:21, שׁוּב Gen 32:7 compare also Gen 28:6; Gen 9:5; Gen 13:8; Gen 17:4; Deut 13:7; Judg 8:15; 1Sam 23:2; 1Kgs 13:3; Jer 32:3; Jer 37:9 +; also when subject of לֵאמֹר differs from that of pre-ceding clause Gen 31:1; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:24 etc.; after שׁמע Isa 37:9 = 2Kgs 19:9.

2. Say in the heart (= think) בלבב ׳א Deut 8:17 compare 1Kgs 12:26; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 35:25; Isa 14:13; Isa 47:8; Isa 47:10; Isa 49:21; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18 לִלְבָבָם ׳א Hos 7:2 אֶללִֿבּוֺ ׳א Gen 8:21 said unto his heart (to himself), subject ׳י, compare 1Sam 27:1 אָֽמְרָה נַפֲשִׁי Lam 3:24 thence ׳א alone Gen 20:11; Gen 26:9; Num 24:11; Ruth 4:4; 1Sam 20:26; 2Sam 5:6; 2Sam 12:22; 2Kgs 5:11 followed by clause with כִּי Judg 15:2 in particular = desire מַהתּֿאֹמַר נַפְשְׁךָ 1Sam 20:4 compare Esth 2:13 followed by infinitive = purpose, Exod 2:14 thinkest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian ? Josh 22:33; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:19; 2Chr 28:10; 2Chr 28:13 expect 2Sam 21:16 he expected to slay David 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 32:1.

3. Promise (followed by infinitive) 1Chr 27:23; 2Chr 21:7; Esth 4:7 (id. + ל of person) 2Kgs 8:19; Neh 9:15 (followed by accusative of direct object + ל of person + infinitive of purpose) Neh 9:23.

4. Command (especially late) followed by אֶלֿ of per-son addressed, Num 15:38; 1Chr 21:18 followed by ל Josh 11:9; 2Sam 16:11; 2Kgs 4:24; Job 9:7; Ps 106:34 (see below אֲשֶׁר 8 e); followed by infinitive 1Sam 24:11; 1Chr 21:17; 2Chr 1:18; 2Chr 29:27; 2Chr 29:30; 2Chr 31:11; 2Chr 35:21; Esth 1:17; Esth 4:13; Esth 4:15; Esth 6:1; Esth 9:14 followed by infinitive + ל of pers, 2Chr 14:3; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 31:4; followed by accusative direct object 2Chr 29:24 the king commanded the burnt-offering and the sin-offering, compare 1Kgs 5:20; Esth 2:15 followed by clause with אשׁר = that Neh 13:19 id. + ל of person vNeh 13:22 followed by clause with כִּי Job 36:10 absolute 1Sam 16:16 (read however probably יאמרו for יאמר, compare Dr); also Ps 105:31; Ps 105:34; Ps 107:25; 1Chr 14:12; 2Chr 24:8; Neh 13:9; Neh 13:19 (all followed by verb consecutive); command by letter עִםהַֿסֵּפֶר ׳א Esth 9:25 (followed by imperfect); appoint, assign לוֺ ׳לֶחֶם א 1Kgs 11:18 = threaten followed by infinitive Deut 9:25; Ps 106:23. Niph`al Perfect נֶאֱמַר Dan 8:26 Imperfect יֵאָמֵר Gen 22:14 +; יֵאָ֫מֶר לוֺ Isa 4:3 יֵאָמַ֑ר Gen 10:9 +; וַיֵּאָמַ֑ר Josh 2:2 be said, told Gen 10:9; Gen 22:14; Ps 87:5; Jer 4:11; Jer 16:14 (all absolute, indefinite subject, of current saying); so said in a book Num 21:14 be related, told, of vision Dan 8:26 said, told to (followed by ל indirect object) Josh 2:2; Hos 2:1 (twice in verse); Zeph 3:16 either so, or told concerning Num 23:23; Ezek 13:12 (אֶלֿ); יֵאָמֵר לָכֶם = ye shall be called (it shall be said to you) Isa 61:6 (|| תִּקָּרְאוּ), compare Isa 4:3; Isa 19:18; Isa 32:5 (|| יִקָּרֵא ל) Isa 62:4 (twice in verse); hence be called, of Tophet לֹאיֵֿאָמֵר עוֺד הַתֹּפֶת Jer 7:32 subject שֵׁם Gen 32:29; Job 34:31 כִּי אֶלאֵֿל הֶאָמַר, Rabb (compare AV) treat הֵאָמַר as Niph`al Infinitive for לְהֵאָמֵר, but against grammar; the form as it stands is Qal Perfect, אֶלאֵֿל being prefixed to the interrogative for emphasis (compare Jer 22:15; Jer 23:26; Neh 13:27), see Dr§ 9 Di and others; Hoffm., however, reads הֵאָמֵר infinitive absolute = imperative 'so must one speak (it be spoken) to God.' Hiph`il Perfect avow, avouch Deut 26:17 הֶאֱמַרְתָּ הַיּוֺם לִהְיוֺת לְךָ לֵאלֹהִים ׳אֶתיֿ; vDeut 26:18 ׳וי הֶאֱמִירְךָ היום להיות לוֺ לְעַם (literally cause to declare, i.e. through agency of Moses; on this & other interpretations see Di). Hithpa`el Imperfect יִתְאַמְּרוּ Ps 94:4 subject כָּלפֹּֿעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן act proudly, boast (|| יַבִּיעוּ יְדַבְּרוּ עָתָק probably also 2 masculine plural תִּתְיַמָּ֑רוּ Isa 61:6 (in good sense, followed by בְּ of thing gloried in) ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 & compare ᵐ5; GesComm. so De Che Köi. 457 f. (from [ימר] exchange Thes Hi Kn Ew Di; but see ימר, מור).

BDB9309 H560 H559

BDB9308 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9310

אֲמַר71 verb say, tell, command (Biblical Hebrew אָמַר); —

Pe Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳א Dan 2:12 +, אֲמַ֑ר Dan 7:1 3 feminine singular אֲמֶ֫רֶר Dan 5:10 (K§ 38, 1 a); 1 singular אַמְרֵת Dan 4:5 1 plural אֲאַ֫רְנָא Dan 5:4; Dan 5:9, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵאמַר (K§ 41) Dan 2:7 +; 2 masculine plural תֵּאמְרוּן Jer 10:11, etc.; Imperative masculine singular אֱמַר Jer 2:4 +; masculine plural אֱמַרוּ Jer 2:9 Infinitive לְמֵאמַר vJer 2:9, לְמֵמַ֑ר Ezra 5:11 (K§ 41 a); Participle אְמַר Dan 2:5 + often, plural אָֽמְרִין Dan 3:4; Ezra 5:3 +; —
1. say (often in phrase answer and say): followed by oratio recta [direct speech] (only), Dan 2:7; Dan 2:10 + 13 t. Daniel; Ezra 5:11 + ל person Dan 2:5; Dan 3:14 + 14 t. Daniel [plural with indefinite subject for passive Dan 4:28], Ezra 5:15 + קְָדָס person Dan 2:9; Dan 5:17; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:14 + כֵּן Dan 4:11; Dan 7:23, כֵּן with ל person Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:24; Dan 2:25; Dan 6:7, compare Dan 7:5 + כְּנֵמָא with ל person Ezra 5:4; Ezra 5:9 + כִּדְנָךְ with ל person Jer 10:11 followed by accusative of thing + עַל person against whom Dan 3:29.
2. relate, tell: followed by accusative of thing Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15; Dan 7:1, + ל person Dan 2:4; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:7; Dan 7:16 (accusative of thing omitted), + קְָדָם person Dan 2:36; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:5.
3. command: followed by infinitive Dan 2:12; Dan 2:46 + 6 t. Daniel; followed by finite verb Dan 5:29; Dan 6:17; Dan 6:23 followed by ל person + or. rect. Dan 3:4 [pl. with indefinite subject, for passive, K§ 76 e, so Dan 4:23].

Strong's Definition H559
said, saying, saith, say, spake, …
ʾāmar
to say (used with great latitude)
  • to say, speak, utter
    • (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend
      • "(Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called"(Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly"(Hiphil) to avow, to avouch
Variations 175 forms of this word
Translations 575 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
עֲלֵ֨ה
עֲלֵ֨ה
Root word up, offered, offer, brought, come, …
Dictionary form: עָלָה · aw-LAW
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vqv2ms
Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"
עֲלֵה Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Imperative Person Second Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: go up
went up ×80 came up ×45 go up ×41 and went up ×25 come up ×19 and offered ×17 shall come up ×15 brought up ×13
More options
go up — Modernized KJV form; most versatile and natural rendering.
ascend — More formal or elevated register; suits poetic or liturgical contexts.
climb — Implies physical effort; good for mountains or steep terrain.
rise — Best for sun, smoke, or abstract upward movement.
offer — Use specifically when the context is sacrificial or ritual.
bring up — Preferred when someone or something is being carried upward.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB6068 H5927

BDB6067 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6069

עָלָה890 verb go up, ascend, climb (Late Hebrew id.; MI33(?); Phoenician עלה; Assyrian elû; Arabic ; ᵑ7 and Syriac in derived species; compare perhaps Ethiopic (for Di54); Sabean עלי = DHMZMG xxxvii. 415, compare עלוהו = SabDenkm91); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע Gen 19:15 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽלְתָה Gen 40:10 +; עָלָ֑תָה Jer 14:2; 1Sam 1:22 2 masculine singular עָלִיתָ Gen 49:4 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲלֶה Gen 2:6 +, יַ֫עַל Gen 44:33 +, וַיַּעַל Gen 13:1 +; suffix יַעֲלֶנָּה Isa 35:9, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָלֹה Gen 46:4 + 2 t.; construct עֲלוֺת Gen 32:25 +, etc.; Imperative עֲלֵה Gen 35:1 +; feminine singular עֲלִי Num 21:17 +, plural עֲלוּ Gen 44:17 +; Participle עֹלֶה Gen 38:13 +; עוֺלֶה Isa 24:18 +, plural עֹלִים Gen 28:12 +, etc.; —
1. of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations:
  a. from low place to high, with מִן, מִמִּצְרַיִם Gen 45:25 (E) + 6 t.; מארץ מצרים Exod 13:18 (E) + 3 t.; מִבָּבֶל Ezra 7:6; Ezra 8:1 מִן הירדן Josh 4:16; Josh 4:17; Josh 4:19 (P); מ(ןהֿ)מדבר Song 3:6; Song 8:5 etc.
  b. out of a place, with מִן, מִן הארץ 1Sam 28:13 מֵהַבְּאֵר 2Sam 17:21 מִ(תּוֺךְ) הַפַּחַת Isa 24:18; Jer 48:44.
  c. with accusative of place whither: a city ביתאל Gen 35:1; Gen 35:3 (E); באר שׁבע Gen 26:23 (J); a mountain ההר Num 13:17 (JE) Deut 1:24 +, etc.; a bed Gen 49:4 (twice in verse) (J) 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:16, gate Ruth 4:1 (הַ)שָּׁמַיִם Deut 30:12; 2Kgs 2:11; Amos 9:2 + 4 t.; with אֶלֿ, אל (ה)הר Exod 19:23; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:4 (J) Exod 24:15; Exod 24:18 (P) + 5 t. P; אֶלהַֿמָּקוֺם Deut 17:8, אל ירושׁלם Ezra 7:7; Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2 (אל הר), with accusative of location + ׳אֶליֿ (see 2 b) Jer 31:6, of going up to Jerusalem (from a distance), etc.; with לְ to, לירושׁלם Ezra 1:3 (from Babylon); לבית 1Sam 25:35, etc.; with עַד unto, עדנֿחל Num 32:9 (J); with בְּ, בְּאַחַת עָרֵי 2Sam 2:1 (construction praegn.); בְּבעל פרצים 1Chr 14:11 (strike out בְּ); בְּגִרָלִי Judg 1:3.
  d. to sacred places, Exod 34:24, with accusative בית יהוה, from palace 2Kgs 19:14; 2Kgs 20:5; 2Kgs 20:8; 2Kgs 23:2; 2Chr 29:20; 2Chr 34:30; Isa 37:14; Isa 38:22; Jer 26:10 במה 1Sam 9:13; 1Sam 9:14; 1Sam 9:19 with אֶל, אל הר האלהים Exod 24:13 (E); ׳בּבית י 1Sam 1:7 (בּ dittograph); בהר יהוה Ps 24:3.
  e. with accusative דֶּרֶךְ by the way to Num 21:33 (E) Deut 3:1; Judg 8:11; 1Sam 6:9; 2Kgs 3:8 מעלה Jer 48:5 חוֺמָה Joel 2:7. feminine ascend, climb, with בְּ by, a ladder Gen 28:12 (E), Ezek 40:6; Ezek 40:22; Ezek 40:29, etc.; with עַל upon, altar by (ב) steps, of priest, Exod 20:23 (Gi; van d. H. vExod 20:26 E) the roof Josh 2:8; Judg 9:51, bed Ps 132:3 עַליָֿדָיו on his hands 1Sam 14:13 על במתי עב Isa 14:14 (|| ממעל לכוכבי אֵל), etc.
2. go up, in personal relations:
  a. to meet or visit, with אֶל person, Gen 44:17; Gen 44:24; Gen 44:34; Gen 45:9 (J) Josh 10:4; Josh 10:6 (all with implication of ascent), Deut 25:7 (to gate of city), +; with על person, Gen 38:12 (= ה locative, up to Timnah); לקראת Gen 46:29 (J) Judg 6:35; 2Kgs 1:3; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 1:7.
  b. go up unto (אֶל) God, on a height, אל האלהים Exod 19:3 (E) 1Sam 10:3 אל יהוה Exod 24:1 (E) Exod 19:24; Exod 32:30 (J) Judg 21:5 (twice in verse); Judg 21:8 (to war); אֵלַי Exod 24:12 (E) Deut 10:1 unto Deborah Judg 4:5.
  c. go up, in war, with אֶל against Num 13:31 (E) Judg 1:1; Judg 12:3; 1Sam 7:7; Isa 36:10 (= על 2Kgs 18:25) +; oftener with על, 1Sam 14:10; Judg 6:3; Judg 15:10; Judg 18:9; 1Kgs 14:25 +; with על + לַצָּבָא Josh 22:12; Josh 22:33 (P); with בְּ, Isa 7:6; Jer 48:18 with לְ Hab 3:16 + למלחמה Judg 20:18 + 3 t.; + במלחמה 1Sam 29:9 וַתּעל(ה) המלחמה 1Kgs 22:35 = 2Chr 18:34.
  d. go up after, with אחרי = follow 1Sam 25:13; 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 1:40.
  e. go up, depart, with מֵעַל (q. v.) 1Sam 6:20; Gen 17:22; Gen 35:18 (P) +, subject ׳כבוד י Ezek 11:23; Ezek 11:24 = withdraw, retreat, 1Kgs 15:19; 2Kgs 12:19; Jer 21:2, absolute 2Sam 23:9, and so read || 1Chr 11:13 (see DrSm).
3. of animals, go or come up: absolute frogs Exod 7:28 (J) Exod 8:2 (P), quails Exod 16:13 (P); lion Isa 35:9 fox Neh 3:25 rise up, fly up, eagle Isa 40:31; Jer 49:22 with מִן, cattle out of water Gen 41:2; Gen 41:3; Gen 41:18; Gen 41:19; Song 4:2; Song 6:6, lion מִגְּאוֺן הַיַּרְדֵּן Jer 49:19 = Jer 50:44, מִסֻּבְּכוֺ Jer 4:7, from prey Gen 49:9 (J); climb up into (ב) houses, locusts Joel 2:9 frogs, on (ב) persons Exod 7:29 (J); with על, of cattle, sexually Gen 31:10; Gen 31:12 (E); locusts upon the land Exod 10:12; Exod 10:14 (E) Joel 1:6.
4. of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth: trees Isa 55:13 (twice in verse); Ezek 47:12 קיקיון Jonah 4:6 grass Deut 29:22; Amos 7:1 ears of grain Gen 41:5; Gen 41:22 (E), also Gen 40:10 (E) Isa 5:6; Isa 32:13 compare simile Isa 53:2, Hos 10:8; Prov 26:9 כֻלּוֺ ׳ע קמשׂנים Prov 24:31 all of it grown up with thorns, Isa 34:13 figurative קֶרֶן Dan 8:3; Dan 8:8.
5. of natural phoenomena, go up, rise: dew, Exod 16:14, i.e. disappear (P); ׳אֵד ע מִןהָֿאָרֶץ Gen 2:6 (J), cloud 1Kgs 18:44; Jer 4:13 הַשַּׁחַר ׳ע dawn, etc. Gen 19:15 (JE) Judg 19:25; 1Sam 9:26 +; smoke Gen 19:28; Exod 19:18 (J) Judg 20:40 +; fire Judg 6:21 flame Judg 13:20 stench Isa 34:3; Joel 2:20 incense Ezek 8:11 well Num 21:17 (E); waters Jer 47:2 Nile Jer 46:7; Jer 46:8; Amos 8:8; Amos 9:5 with על, of overflow Isa 8:7 +.
6. of inanimate things (instead of passive construction), absolute, shock of grain (to גֹּרֶן) Job 5:26 of בָּשָׂר (covering bones in Ezekiel's vision) Ezek 37:8 with על, of garments upon the body Lev 19:19 (P) Ezek 44:17 razor on head Judg 13:5; Judg 16:17; 1Sam 1:11 yoke upon oxen Num 19:2 (P) 1Sam 6:7 lot upon an animal Lev 16:9; Lev 16:10 (P); with בְּ, weight in balance Ps 62:10 entry in (ב) a book 1Chr 27:24 = be offered (of sacrifice) 1Kgs 18:29; 2Kgs 3:20; Isa 60:7 אֲרוּכָה (q. v.) in healing, Jer 8:22, figurative 2Chr 24:13; Neh 4:1.
7. of thoughts, על לב ׳ע 2Kgs 12:5; Isa 65:17 + 5 t.; על לבב ׳ע Jer 51:50; Ezek 38:10 אל לב ׳ע Ezek 14:7 על רוּחַ ׳ע Ezek 20:32 of anger 2Sam 11:20; 2Chr 36:16 (ב person) + 3 t.; temper Eccl 10:4 (עָלֶיךָ).
8. come up before God, arrogance, בְּאָזְנָיו 2Kgs 19:18 = Isa 37:29 cry, ׳אֶלאֿ Exod 2:23 (P), with accusative 1Sam 5:12, absolute Jer 14:2 tumult Ps 74:23 of evil Jonah 1:2 (לְפָנַי).
9. go up, extend, of boundary, with מִן whence, + accusative, אֶל, לְ and even בְ whither Josh 15:3; Josh 15:6; Josh 15:8; Josh 18:12 (twice in verse) + (all P). 10. excel: thou excellest (עַל) them Prov 31:29 be superior to יעלה עליך מעלה מעלה Deut 28:43. — עוֺלֶה Job 36:33 is difficult, compare Comm., and see עַוְלָה). Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲלָה Num 10:11 +; 2 masculine singular נַעֲלֵיתָ Ps 97:9 Imperfect יֵעָלֶה Exod 40:37, etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָלוֺת Num 9:17 +, etc.; Imperative masculine plural הֵעָלוּ Num 16:24 —
1. a. be brought up: מבבל לירושׁלם Ezra 1:11.
  b. be taken up, וַתֵּעֲלוּ על שׂפת לשׁון Ezek 36:3 (Köi. 553; talked about).
  c. (1) passive, be taken up, away, of (pillar of) cloud, followed by מֵעַל of tabernacle Exod 40:36; Num 9:17; Num 10:11 (P); absolute Exod 40:37 (twice in verse); Num 9:21 (twice in verse); Num 9:22 (P); of the glory from upon the cherubim Ezek 9:3 (2) reflexive, take oneself away from, get up from: מִסָּבִיבֹ Num 16:24 מֵעַל vNum 16:27 of a besieging army Jer 37:5; Jer 37:11.
2. reflexive: take oneself away מאחרי person, from following after, 2Sam 2:27.
3. be exalted, of God Ps 47:10 with על, over all gods Ps 97:9.

Hiph`il Perfect הֶעֱלָךְ Num 8:3 +, הֵעֲלָה Hab 1:15 (Ges«GKC:63p»§ 63p); suffix הֶעֶלְךָ Neh 9:18, הֶעֱלָנוּ Exod 32:1 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular וְהַעַלְתָה 1Sam 2:19 consecutive; suffix הֶעֱלָ֫תַם Josh 2:6 2 masculine singular הֶעֱלִיתָ Exod 33:1 +; וְהַעֲלִיתָ consecutive Deut 27:6 +; הֶעֱלֵיתָ Exod 32:7 וְהַעֲלֵיתָ consecutive Exod 40:4 2 masculine plural suffix הֶעֱלִיתֻנוּ Num 20:5; Num 21:5, etc.; Imperfect יַעֲלֶה Lev 17:8 +; וְיַ֫עַל 2Sam 24:22 וַיַּעֲלֶה Jer 10:13 וַיַּ֫עַל Gen 8:20 +, suffix יַעְלֵם Deut 28:61, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַעֲלֵה Ezek 23:46 construct הַעֲלוֺת 1Chr 23:31 +, etc.; Imperative הַ֫עַל Exod 33:12 + 2 t.; feminine singular הַעֲלִי 1Sam 28:8; 1Sam 28:11 +, etc.; Participle מַעֲלֶה 1Sam 7:10 +; construct מַעֲלֵה Lev 11:4 +; suffix מַעַלְךָ Deut 20:1; Ps 81:11 feminine מַעֲלָה Lev 11:26 construct מַעֲלַת Lev 11:3; Lev 11:6; Deut 14:6, etc.; —

1. bring up persons:
  a. from a place, with מִן ׃מִן הַסָּ֑לַע Judg 15:13 מִמִּצְרַיִם Exod 17:3 (E) + 3 t. E, + 8 t.; מארץ מצרים Exod 32:1 (J) + 5 t. J, + Lev 11:45 (P), Deut 20:1; Josh 24:17 (E), + 13 t.; מארץ צפון Jer 16:15 = Jer 23:8.
  b. (1) out of a place, with ׃מן מִ(ן הַ)בּוֺר Gen 37:28 (E) Ps 40:3; Jer 38:10; Jer 38:13 משּׁחת Jonah 2:7 מקּברות Ezek 37:12; Ezek 37:13 מןשֿׁאול Ps 30:4, etc.; (2) with בְּ by means of, בְּחֶרְמִי Ezek 32:3 (Hab 1:15 see 3 below).
  c. with accusative of place whither, Num 20:25 (P) Num 22:41 (E) Josh 2:6; Josh 7:24 (J) Ezra 4:2 השׁמים 2Kgs 2:1 with אֶלהָֿעֲלִיָּה ׃אֶל 1Kgs 17:19 with לבית ׃לְ 2Chr 8:11.
  d. cause to ascend, climb: על המרכבה 1Kgs 20:33 (אֶל 2Kgs 10:15 probably error), עלהֿמגדלות 2Chr 32:5 (ᵑ9 built towers thereon, i.e. עָלָיו ׳ע); מֵעַל להומה Neh 12:31 see על IV 2 e.
2. in personal relations:
  a. bring up, with אל, 1Sam 19:15; 2Kgs 10:15; 2Kgs 25:6; Jer 39:5; Jer 52:9 with לְ 1Sam 28:8; 1Sam 28:11 (twice in verse).
  b. in war, with עַל against 2Chr 36:17; Jer 50:9; Ezek 16:40; Ezek 23:46; Ezek 26:3.
  c. take away (from life) Ps 102:25; Job 36:20.
3. bring up animals, with על, frogs על הארץ Exod 8:1; Exod 8:3 (P); bring up horses to a charge Jer 51:27, compare Nah 3:3 draw up men, under figure of fish (בְּחַכָּה) Hab 1:15 train, young lion Ezek 19:3 of cattle, מעלה גֵרָה, i.e. chewing the cud Lev 11:3; Lev 11:4 (twice in verse); Lev 11:5; Lev 11:6; Lev 11:26; Deut 14:6; Deut 14:7 (twice in verse).
4. cause to ascend: with accusative of thing, smoke מן העיר Judg 20:38 stench באף Amos 4:10, etc.; bring waters upon, על Isa 8:7 bring up from (מן location) 2Sam 6:2; 2Sam 6:12; 1Kgs 8:1; Gen 50:25 (JE), +; with אֶל location, Judg 16:3; 1Chr 15:3; 1Chr 15:12, with accusative of location 2Chr 2:15 with אל person 1Sam 6:21 with לְ person Judg 16:8; 1Sam 2:19 with על, bring sickness upon Deut 28:61 עפר על ראשׁ ׳הע throw dust on the head Josh 7:6; Lam 2:10; Ezek 27:30 clothe sackcloth upon Amos 8:10 flesh upon Ezek 37:6 put ornaments on 2Sam 1:24 compare also 1Kgs 10:16; 1Kgs 10:17 = 2Chr 9:15; 2Chr 9:16; 2Chr 3:5; 2Chr 3:14 נֵר ׳הע light lamp (make flame go up; Thes and others of raising lamp upon the lamp-stand) Exod 25:37; Exod 27:20 + 6 t. P; bring up new flesh (heal; see אֲרוּכָה) Jer 30:17; Jer 33:6.
5. mentally: גִּלּוּלִים על לב ׳הע Ezek 14:3, אל לב vEzek 14:7, i.e. make object of thought; rouse, stir up, with accusative אַף, anger Prov 15:1, compare Ezek 24:8.
6. ׳מנחה ל ׳הע 2Kgs 17:4 offer a present; bring up tithe to (ל) Neh 10:39 מַס ׳הע raise a levy 1Kgs 5:27; 1Kgs 9:15, למס v1Kgs 9:21; 2Chr 8:8.
7. exalt: Ps 137:6 if I exalt not Jerusalem above (עַל) my chief joy; אנכי אַעַלְךָ גםֿ(מ)עלה Gen 46:4 (E) I will exalt thee exceedingly (compare Qal 10; מ lost in ᵑ0, after ם; Di and most bring up).
8. cause to ascend (in flame; Thes and others to go up on altar), offer sacrifice, usually עֹלָה, either alone or following by other sacrifices: העלה עלות Exod 24:5 (E) Exod 32:6 (J) Lev 17:8 (H) Deut 12:13; Deut 12:14 + (see עֹלָה); seldom: קטרת Exod 30:9 (P), compare Ps 66:15 מנחה Isa 57:6; Isa 66:3, also probably 1Kgs 18:29; 1Kgs 18:36; 2Kgs 3:20 ( > Qal); פר(יםׅ Num 23:2; Num 23:4; Num 23:14; Num 23:30 (E) Ps 51:21 הטוב בעיניו 2Sam 24:22 ליהוה ׳הע Judg 13:16 absolute 2Chr 8:13; 2Chr 29:29 לעולה ׳הע Gen 22:2; Gen 22:13 (E); with accusative of location מַעֲלֶה בָמָה Jer 48:35 מזבח(לׅ Lev 14:20 (P) Isa 60:7 ( > Qal); with לְ local 2Chr 29:27 with בְּ local Gen 8:20 (J) Num 23:2; Num 23:4; Num 23:14; Num 23:30 (E); עלהַֿחֹמָה 2Kgs 3:27 usually על location, על הַצּוּר Judg 13:19, על מזבח ׳הע 1Kgs 12:32; 1Kgs 12:33 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 16:12; 2Chr 1:6; 2Chr 29:21; 1Sam 2:28, פרים על מזבח Ps 51:21 elsewhere עלות על מזבח ׳חע Exod 40:29 (P) Josh 22:23; 1Kgs 3:4; 1Kgs 9:25; 2Chr 1:6; 2Chr 35:16; Ezra 3:2; Ezek 43:18, ׳עלות ליהוה על מז ׳הע Deut 27:6; Josh 8:31; 1Chr 16:40; 2Chr 8:12; Ezra 3:3. Hoph`al Perfect;.; —
1. be carried away, 3 feminine singular הֹעֲלָ֑תָךְ Nah 2:8.
2. be taken up into, inserted in, 3 masculine singular הֹעֲלָה 2Chr 20:34 (על ספר) (passive of Qal 6).
3. 3 masculine singular be offered, of פר Judg 6:28 (על המזבח). Hithpa`el lift oneself: Imperfect 3 masculine singular אֶליִֿתְעַל Jer 51:3 against (him that) lifts himself, but corrupt; either read אַלֿ, let him not, etc. (ᵑ6 ᵑ7 ᵑ9 Hi Gf Gie Rothst), or strike out אל (ᵐ5 CoHpt.).

BDB9763 H5927

BDB9762 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9764

עלה (√of following; see Biblical Hebrew עָלָה).

Strong's Definition H5927
up, offered, offer, brought, come, …
ʿālâ
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
  • to go up, ascend, climb
    • (Qal)
      • to go up, ascend
        • "to meet, visit, follow, depart, withdraw, retreat"to go up, come up (of animals)"to spring up, grow, shoot forth (of vegetation)"to go up, go up over, rise (of natural phenomenon)"to come up (before God)"to go up, go up over, extend (of boundary)"to excel, be superior to
      (Niphal)
      • to be taken up, be brought up, be taken away
        • "to take oneself away"to be exalted
      (Hiphil)
      • to bring up, cause to ascend or climb, cause to go up
        • "to bring up, bring against, take away"to bring up, draw up, train"to cause to ascend"to rouse, stir up (mentally)"to offer, bring up (of gifts)"to exalt"to cause to ascend, offer
      (Hophal)
      • to be carried away, be led up
        • "to be taken up into, be inserted in"to be offered
      (Hithpael) to lift oneself
Variations 234 forms of this word
Translations 440 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
אֱמֹ֤ר
אֱמֹ֤ר
Root word said, saying, saith, say, spake, …
Dictionary form: אָמַר · aw-MAHR
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vqv2ms
Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"
אֱמֹר Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Imperative Person Second Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: say
said ×947 saying ×718 and said ×688 saith ×527 and he said ×343 then said ×139 say ×122 and say ×119
More options
say — Most versatile; fits nearly any context or register.
declare — Emphasizes formal or authoritative pronouncement.
tell — Prefer when communication to an audience is stressed.
speak — Highlights the act of oral expression itself.
command — Use when the utterance carries directive force.
think — Fits internal or reflective speech contexts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB557 H559

BDB556 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB558

אָמַר5287 verb utter, say (MI, Phoenician אמר, Aramaic אֲמַר, Ethiopic I. 2 shew, declare, Arabic command; perhaps √ אמר originally = be or make prominent, hence Hithpa`el below, אָמִיר; Sabean אמר lofty, epithet of king JHMordtmZMG 1876, 37; compare DlPr 28 who thinks original meaning hell, sichtbar sein, whence Assyrian amâru, see, & shew, declare, say) — Qal Perfect ׳א Gen 3:1 +, etc.; Imperfect יאֹמַר Gen 31:8 +; וַיּאֹ֫מֶר Gen 1:3 +; וַיּאֹמַ֑ר Gen 14:19 +; in Job always וַיּאֹ֑מַר Job 3:2 +; 3 feminine singular תּאֹמַר Gen 21:12 +; תּאֹמֵר֑ Prov 1:21 1 singular אֹמַר Gen 22:2 +; אוֺמְרָה Ps 42:10 וָאֹמַר Gen 20:13 +; וָאוֺמַר Neh 2:7; Neh 2:17; Neh 2:20 3 masculine plural יאֹמְדוּ Exod 4:1 + etc.; suffix יֹמְרוּךָ Ps 139:20 2 masculine plural תֹּמְדוּ 2Sam 19:14 ( compare Köi. p. 385); Imperative (אֱמָרֿ) אֱמֹר Gen 45:17 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָמוֺר Exod 21:5 +; construct אֱמֹר Ezek 25:8 +; (הַ)אֲמֹר Job 34:18 but read הָאֹמֵר ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Di, or better הֶאָמֹר Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative compare Ew :§ 328 d; suffix אָמְרִי Josh 6:10 +; אֲמָרְכֶם Jer 23:38 אֱמָרְכֶם Mal 1:7 +; לֵאמֹר Gen 1:22 +, etc.; Participle active אֹמֵר Gen 32:10 +, etc.; passive הֶאָמוּר Mic 2:7, but this grammatically indefensible, read הֶאָמוֺר, Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative, see DrExpositor, April, 1887, 263.

1. Say (subject God Gen 3:1 + or man Gen 32:5, serpent Gen 3:1, ass Num 22:28, horse יאֹמַר הֶאָח Job 39:25 etc.; inanimate things, personified Job 28:14 compare vJob 28:22 etc.; so in allegory or fable Judg 9:8; 2Kgs 14:9 etc.; especially in narration, וַיּאֹמֶר etc., Gen 4:6 + very often): mostly followed by thing said, either substantive Jer 14:17 (c. clause app.) Deut 27:16f.; Judg 12:6 pronoun Gen 44:16; 2Kgs 20:14 +; or (usually) clause Gen 1:3; Gen 3:1; Gen 37:20 + often (oratio recta [direct speech]); with adverb thus, so Gen 32:5; Num 20:14; 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 + often; especially ׳כֹּה אָמַר י Exod 5:1; Exod 7:17; Exod 8:1; Exod 8:20; 1Chr 17:4 + often; the person addressed usually introduced by אֶל Gen 3:1; Gen 15:7; Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; 2Sam 3:7; 1Kgs 12:5; 1Kgs 12:23, or לְ Gen 3:13; Gen 4:15; 1Sam 20:2; 2Sam 2:21; 1Kgs 14:2 + often; rarer combinations are, בְּאָזְנֵי ׳א Isa 49:20 (compare Isa 5:9 & see דבר); לִפְנֵי ׳א Ezek 28:9 לְעֵינֵי ׳א Deut 31:7; Josh 10:12; Jer 28:11 בְּ ׳א Joel 2:17; Ps 126:2, where בְּ local; in all cases usually followed by direct object of words said, Exod 19:25 being very singular; Gen 4:8 the object-clause has probably fallen out, compare Vrss Di; = mention, name, designate Gen 22:2; Gen 22:3; Gen 43:27; Gen 43:29; Exod 32:13; Num 14:40; 1Sam 10:16; 1Sam 16:3; 2Sam 6:22; Neh 6:19 compare Ps 139:20 יֹמְרוּךָ לִמְזִמָּה speak of thee for falsehood (but many, as Hup Pe Dy Che, read יַמְרוּךָ); = tell, declare, proclaim, (followed by direct object only) Ps 40:11; Ezek 13:7 in reply to question = answer Exod 12:27; Josh 4:7; 1Kgs 9:9; Jer 5:19; Jer 22:9. The object spoken of may be referred to by אֶל 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 22:18; Jer 27:19, or לְ Gen 20:13 אִמְרִי לִֹי say of me, etc. Deut 33:9; Judg 9:54; Isa 5:20; Ps 3:3; Ps 71:10, very rarely by a simple accusative Isa 3:10 (where read probably for אִמְרוּ, אַשְׁרֵי), except after אֲשֶׁר where the words used follow (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d) Gen 3:17; Num 10:29; Num 14:31; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 9:17; 1Sam 9:23b 1Kgs 8:29; Lam 4:20 compare Num 21:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4, & (two extreme cases) Isa 8:12; Lam 2:15 (see DrSm i. 24, 5); ֶ˜האָמוּר Mic 2:7 read infinitive absolute with ה interrogative הֶאָמוֺר (see above) shall one say ? shall it be said ? After another verb of saying, introducing thing said: Deut 21:7; Deut 25:9; Deut 27:15; Song 2:10 +, even after אמר Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; Jer 34:2; Esth 7:5 +; especially infinitive לֵאמֹר, after דבר Gen 8:15, צוה Gen 2:16, ענה Gen 44:16, ברך Gen 1:22, נשׁבע Gen 24:7, נדר Gen 28:20, etc.; after אמר 2Sam 3:18; 1Kgs 12:23; Ruth 4:4; 1Chr 21:18 +; after שׁלח 2Chr 35:21, שׁוּב Gen 32:7 compare also Gen 28:6; Gen 9:5; Gen 13:8; Gen 17:4; Deut 13:7; Judg 8:15; 1Sam 23:2; 1Kgs 13:3; Jer 32:3; Jer 37:9 +; also when subject of לֵאמֹר differs from that of pre-ceding clause Gen 31:1; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:24 etc.; after שׁמע Isa 37:9 = 2Kgs 19:9.

2. Say in the heart (= think) בלבב ׳א Deut 8:17 compare 1Kgs 12:26; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 35:25; Isa 14:13; Isa 47:8; Isa 47:10; Isa 49:21; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18 לִלְבָבָם ׳א Hos 7:2 אֶללִֿבּוֺ ׳א Gen 8:21 said unto his heart (to himself), subject ׳י, compare 1Sam 27:1 אָֽמְרָה נַפֲשִׁי Lam 3:24 thence ׳א alone Gen 20:11; Gen 26:9; Num 24:11; Ruth 4:4; 1Sam 20:26; 2Sam 5:6; 2Sam 12:22; 2Kgs 5:11 followed by clause with כִּי Judg 15:2 in particular = desire מַהתּֿאֹמַר נַפְשְׁךָ 1Sam 20:4 compare Esth 2:13 followed by infinitive = purpose, Exod 2:14 thinkest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian ? Josh 22:33; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:19; 2Chr 28:10; 2Chr 28:13 expect 2Sam 21:16 he expected to slay David 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 32:1.

3. Promise (followed by infinitive) 1Chr 27:23; 2Chr 21:7; Esth 4:7 (id. + ל of person) 2Kgs 8:19; Neh 9:15 (followed by accusative of direct object + ל of person + infinitive of purpose) Neh 9:23.

4. Command (especially late) followed by אֶלֿ of per-son addressed, Num 15:38; 1Chr 21:18 followed by ל Josh 11:9; 2Sam 16:11; 2Kgs 4:24; Job 9:7; Ps 106:34 (see below אֲשֶׁר 8 e); followed by infinitive 1Sam 24:11; 1Chr 21:17; 2Chr 1:18; 2Chr 29:27; 2Chr 29:30; 2Chr 31:11; 2Chr 35:21; Esth 1:17; Esth 4:13; Esth 4:15; Esth 6:1; Esth 9:14 followed by infinitive + ל of pers, 2Chr 14:3; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 31:4; followed by accusative direct object 2Chr 29:24 the king commanded the burnt-offering and the sin-offering, compare 1Kgs 5:20; Esth 2:15 followed by clause with אשׁר = that Neh 13:19 id. + ל of person vNeh 13:22 followed by clause with כִּי Job 36:10 absolute 1Sam 16:16 (read however probably יאמרו for יאמר, compare Dr); also Ps 105:31; Ps 105:34; Ps 107:25; 1Chr 14:12; 2Chr 24:8; Neh 13:9; Neh 13:19 (all followed by verb consecutive); command by letter עִםהַֿסֵּפֶר ׳א Esth 9:25 (followed by imperfect); appoint, assign לוֺ ׳לֶחֶם א 1Kgs 11:18 = threaten followed by infinitive Deut 9:25; Ps 106:23. Niph`al Perfect נֶאֱמַר Dan 8:26 Imperfect יֵאָמֵר Gen 22:14 +; יֵאָ֫מֶר לוֺ Isa 4:3 יֵאָמַ֑ר Gen 10:9 +; וַיֵּאָמַ֑ר Josh 2:2 be said, told Gen 10:9; Gen 22:14; Ps 87:5; Jer 4:11; Jer 16:14 (all absolute, indefinite subject, of current saying); so said in a book Num 21:14 be related, told, of vision Dan 8:26 said, told to (followed by ל indirect object) Josh 2:2; Hos 2:1 (twice in verse); Zeph 3:16 either so, or told concerning Num 23:23; Ezek 13:12 (אֶלֿ); יֵאָמֵר לָכֶם = ye shall be called (it shall be said to you) Isa 61:6 (|| תִּקָּרְאוּ), compare Isa 4:3; Isa 19:18; Isa 32:5 (|| יִקָּרֵא ל) Isa 62:4 (twice in verse); hence be called, of Tophet לֹאיֵֿאָמֵר עוֺד הַתֹּפֶת Jer 7:32 subject שֵׁם Gen 32:29; Job 34:31 כִּי אֶלאֵֿל הֶאָמַר, Rabb (compare AV) treat הֵאָמַר as Niph`al Infinitive for לְהֵאָמֵר, but against grammar; the form as it stands is Qal Perfect, אֶלאֵֿל being prefixed to the interrogative for emphasis (compare Jer 22:15; Jer 23:26; Neh 13:27), see Dr§ 9 Di and others; Hoffm., however, reads הֵאָמֵר infinitive absolute = imperative 'so must one speak (it be spoken) to God.' Hiph`il Perfect avow, avouch Deut 26:17 הֶאֱמַרְתָּ הַיּוֺם לִהְיוֺת לְךָ לֵאלֹהִים ׳אֶתיֿ; vDeut 26:18 ׳וי הֶאֱמִירְךָ היום להיות לוֺ לְעַם (literally cause to declare, i.e. through agency of Moses; on this & other interpretations see Di). Hithpa`el Imperfect יִתְאַמְּרוּ Ps 94:4 subject כָּלפֹּֿעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן act proudly, boast (|| יַבִּיעוּ יְדַבְּרוּ עָתָק probably also 2 masculine plural תִּתְיַמָּ֑רוּ Isa 61:6 (in good sense, followed by בְּ of thing gloried in) ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 & compare ᵐ5; GesComm. so De Che Köi. 457 f. (from [ימר] exchange Thes Hi Kn Ew Di; but see ימר, מור).

BDB9309 H560 H559

BDB9308 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9310

אֲמַר71 verb say, tell, command (Biblical Hebrew אָמַר); —

Pe Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳א Dan 2:12 +, אֲמַ֑ר Dan 7:1 3 feminine singular אֲמֶ֫רֶר Dan 5:10 (K§ 38, 1 a); 1 singular אַמְרֵת Dan 4:5 1 plural אֲאַ֫רְנָא Dan 5:4; Dan 5:9, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵאמַר (K§ 41) Dan 2:7 +; 2 masculine plural תֵּאמְרוּן Jer 10:11, etc.; Imperative masculine singular אֱמַר Jer 2:4 +; masculine plural אֱמַרוּ Jer 2:9 Infinitive לְמֵאמַר vJer 2:9, לְמֵמַ֑ר Ezra 5:11 (K§ 41 a); Participle אְמַר Dan 2:5 + often, plural אָֽמְרִין Dan 3:4; Ezra 5:3 +; —
1. say (often in phrase answer and say): followed by oratio recta [direct speech] (only), Dan 2:7; Dan 2:10 + 13 t. Daniel; Ezra 5:11 + ל person Dan 2:5; Dan 3:14 + 14 t. Daniel [plural with indefinite subject for passive Dan 4:28], Ezra 5:15 + קְָדָס person Dan 2:9; Dan 5:17; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:14 + כֵּן Dan 4:11; Dan 7:23, כֵּן with ל person Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:24; Dan 2:25; Dan 6:7, compare Dan 7:5 + כְּנֵמָא with ל person Ezra 5:4; Ezra 5:9 + כִּדְנָךְ with ל person Jer 10:11 followed by accusative of thing + עַל person against whom Dan 3:29.
2. relate, tell: followed by accusative of thing Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15; Dan 7:1, + ל person Dan 2:4; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:7; Dan 7:16 (accusative of thing omitted), + קְָדָם person Dan 2:36; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:5.
3. command: followed by infinitive Dan 2:12; Dan 2:46 + 6 t. Daniel; followed by finite verb Dan 5:29; Dan 6:17; Dan 6:23 followed by ל person + or. rect. Dan 3:4 [pl. with indefinite subject, for passive, K§ 76 e, so Dan 4:23].

Strong's Definition H559
said, saying, saith, say, spake, …
ʾāmar
to say (used with great latitude)
  • to say, speak, utter
    • (Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend
      • "(Niphal) to be told, to be said, to be called"(Hithpael) to boast, to act proudly"(Hiphil) to avow, to avouch
Variations 175 forms of this word
Translations 575 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
אֶל
אֶל
Preposition unto, to, into, upon, against, …
Dictionary form: אֵל · ale
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar R
Preposition
אֶל Speech Preposition
In English
In the KJV here: unto
unto ×2370 to ×907 into ×230 upon ×112 against ×104 and to ×103 in ×63 unto him ×58
More options
to — Default directional/dative preposition; broadest everyday use.
toward — Emphasizes movement or orientation in a direction.
into — Stress entry or transition; spatial or metaphorical penetration.
against — Adversarial or oppositional context; hostility or pressure.
upon — Contact or imposition on a surface or person.
concerning — Topical/referential; use when the sense is 'about' or 'regarding'.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB420 H413

BDB419 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB421

אֶל (nearly always followed by Makkeph), in poetry אֱלֵי (compare עֲלֵי, עֲדֵי), but only in Job ( 1Sam 3:22; 1Sam 5:26; 1Sam 15:22; 1Sam 29:19), with suffix אֵלַי, אֵלֶיךָ, אֵלַיִךְ, etc. אֵלֵינוּ, אֲלֵיכֶם & (5 t.) אֲלֵכֶם, אֲלֵיהֶם & אֲלֵהֶם (both very often); once אֵלֵימוֺ Ps 2:5, אֲלֵיהֶן, once אֲלֵהֶן Exod 1:19 (Assyrian ilî, Arabic ), preposition denoting motion to or direction towards (whether physical or mental).

1. of motion to or unto a person or place Gen 2:19; Gen 2:22; Gen 3:19; Gen 8:9; Gen 14:22; Gen 16:9 etc., after every kind of verb expressing motion (בּוֺא, הָלַךְ, יָצָא etc.) So with נָתַן to give (though ל is here more common) Gen 21:14; Gen 35:4; Deut 13:2 +; מָכַר to sell Deut 37:36, etc. Metaph. Jer 2:19 וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ and that my fear (cometh) not unto thee (compare Job 31:23). — Peculiarly Gen 6:16 אֶל אַמָּה unto the length of a cubit, etc. And metaphor in the phrase אֶלֿ(אֱלֵיֿ)גִּיל unto exultation Hos 9:11; Job 3:22. Once, exceptionally (si vera 1.) = even: Job 5:5 וְאֶלמִֿצִּגִּים יִקָּחֵהוּ and even out of thorns he taketh it. Sometimes pregnant, as Isa 66:17; Jer 41:7 זָנָה אֶל commit whoredom (by going) to Num 25:1; Ezek 16:26; Ezek 16:28; Ezek 16:29 דָּרֵשׁ אֶל seek (by resorting) to one (that is, for oracles) Deut 18:11; Isa 8:19; Isa 11:10 +; חָבַר אֶל join together (& come) unto Gen 14:3 הִשְׁכִּים אֶל rise early (and go) to Gen 19:27; Gen 24:11 הִבְרִיח אֶל made to kneel down at; Gen 47:18 תַּם אֶל i.e. has been made over to; פָּחַד אֶל to come in fear to Hos 3:5; Mic 7:17. Opposite is מִן, as מִןהַֿקָּצֶה אֶלהַֿקָּצֶה from end to end Exod 26:28 מִפֶּה אֶלפֶּֿה Ezra 9:11 (synonym 2Kgs 21:16 פֶּה לָפֶה). And of time (rare) מֵעֵת אֶלעֵֿת 1Chr 9:25 מִיּוֺם אֶליֿוֺם Num 30:15 (P) 1Chr 16:23 (in the || Ps 96:2 מִיּוֺם לְיוֺם).

2. Where the limit is actually entered, into, Gen 6:18 and thou shalt enter into the ark Gen 7:1; Gen 19:3; Gen 41:21; Gen 42:17 & so after verbs of throwing, casting, putting Gen 37:22 (הִשְׁלִיךְ) Gen 39:20 וַיִּתְּנֵהוּ אֶלבֵּֿית הַסֹּהַר put him into the prison house, Exod 28:30 (Lev 8:8) Deut 23:25 so after קָבַר to bury Gen 23:19; Gen 25:9; Gen 49:29 שָׂחַט to squeeze Gen 40:11 מָחָה to blot out Num 5:23, etc.; metaphor Gen 6:6 was pained into or unto his heart, שָׂם אֶללֵֿב, הֵשִׁיב to place, bring. into ( = lay to) heart Deut 4:39; 2Sam 19:20 and elsewhere In connection with a number or multitude into which something enters, in among: 1Sam 10:22 behold he had hid himself אֶלהַֿכֵּלִים in among the baggage, Jer 4:3 sow not אֶלקֹֿצִים in among thorns.

3. Of direction towards anything:
   (a) of physical acts or states, as Gen 30:40 נָתַן פְּנֵי הַצּאֹן אֶל, Gen 39:7 נָשָׂא עֵינָיו אֶל, Exod 25:20; Num 6:26, נָשָׂא פָנָיו אֶל (2Kgs 9:32 differently), 2Kgs 24:1 שָׁת פָּנָיו אֶל, Josh 8:18; Ps 28:2; 1Kgs 8:29; 1Kgs 8:30 (to pray towards) v1Kgs 8:38 pregnantly חָרֵד אֶל to tremble (turning) to Gen 42:28, תָּמַהּ אֶל to, wonder (turning) towards Gen 43:33; Isa 13:8, פָּחַד אֶל Jer 36:16: without a verb פָּנִים אֶלפָּֿנִים face to face Gen 32:31 +; פֶּה אֶלפֶּֿה Num 12:8 כִּיאֵֿינֶנּוּ אֵלַי Gen 31:5 the face of Laban, that he is not toward me; ׳אֶלפֿ ׳עֵינֵי י the eyes of ׳י are towards . . . Ps 34:16 (compare Ps 33:18).
   (b) with words such as אָמַרto say to Gen 3:1 + often, דִּבֶּר Gen 8:15 + often, קָרָא Gen 19:5, הִחְפַּלֵּל Gen 20:17 etc., שָׁמַע to hearken to Gen 16:11, הִלֵּל to praise to Gen 12:15 (compare Ezek 13:19 חִלֵּל אֶל to profane to), הִזְכִּיר Ezek 40:14.
   (c) with words expressing the direction of the mind, as קִוָּה to wait Ps 27:14 +; יִחַל to hope Isa 51:5 נָשָׂא נֶפֶשׁ אֶל to lift up the soul (i.e. set the desire) towards Deut 24:15; Ps 25:1 שָׂם לֵב אֶל, שָׁת to set the heart (mind) to Exod 9:21 and elsewhere; לָמַד אֶל to accustom oneself to Jer 10:2 חָרֵד אֶל to shew fear towards 2Kgs 4:13; Gen 43:30; Deut 28:32 and thy eyes כָּלוֺת אֲלֵיהֶם failing (with longing) towards them, Lam 4:17; Isa 63:15; 2Sam 3:8; 1Kgs 14:13; Ps 40:6 alone, as predicate, directed or disposed towards, Gen 3:16; Gen 4:7; 2Kgs 6:11 who of ours is towards (i.e. favours) the king of Syria? Hos 3:3 וְגַםאֲֿנִי אֵלָֽיִח׃ Ezek 36:9; Hag 2:17; Jer 15:1 (אֵין נַפְשִׁי אֶל).

4. Where the motion or direction implied appears from the context to be of a hostile character, אֶל = against: Gen 4:8 אֶלהֶֿבֶל ׳וַיָּקָם קand Cain rose up against Abel (so 1Sam 24:8) 1Sam 22:12; Exod 14:5; Num 32:14 with נִקְבַּץ Josh 10:6, הָלַךְ Judg 1:10; Judg 20:30 with בָּא of calamity, etc., coming to or upon any one Gen 42:21; Judg 9:57; 1Sam 2:34; 1Kgs 14:10 +; Isa 2:4; Isa 3:8 their tongue and doings are ׳אֶליֿ Isa 32:6 (לְדַבֵּר אֶל) Hos 7:15 (compare Nah 1:9) Hos 12:5 וַיָּשַׂר אֶלמַֿלְאָךְ and he strove against the angel. Here also belongs in particular the phrase הִנְנִי אֶל ֗֗֗ Behold I am against (thee, you, etc.) Nah 2:14; Nah 3:5; Jer 21:13 (Jer 23:30-32 על) Jer 50:31; Jer 51:25; Ezek 13:8; Ezek 13:20; Ezek 21:8; Ezek 29:10; Ezek 30:22; Ezek 34:10; Ezek 35:3; Ezek 38:3; Ezek 39:1 (Ezek 5:8; Ezek 26:3; Ezek 28:22; Ezek 29:3 על: on Ezek 36:9 see above)

5. Unto sometimes acquires from the context the sense of in addition to, as Lev 18:18 thou shalt not take אִשָּׁה אֶל אֲחוֺתָהּ a woman to, in addition to, her sister, Josh 13:22 (|| Num 31:8 על); 1Sam 14:34 at eat אֶלהַֿחָם together with the blood (1Sam 14:32 & generally עַל); 1Kgs 10:7 הוֺסִיף אֶל (generally עַל); Jer 25:26; Ezek 7:26 שְׁמוּעָה אֶל שְׁמוּעָה || (עלׅ; Ezek 44:7; Lam 3:41 let us lift up לְבָבֵנוּ אֶלכַּֿפָּ֑יִם our hearts together with the hands (compare , Qor 4:2; WAG ii. § 51 c).

6. Metaphor in regard to, concerning, on account of : thus הִתְאַבֵּל to mourn concerning 1Sam 15:35 הִנָּחֵם to repent as regards 2Sam 24:16 דָּרַשׁ to inquire 1Kgs 14:5 הִתְפַּלֵּל to pray with regard to 1Sam 1:27; 2Kgs 19:20 צָעַק to cry 2Kgs 8:3 (2Kgs 8:5 על); נֶעֳצַב be pained 1Sam 20:34 נִחַם to comfort 2Sam 10:2 more generally 1Kgs 16:13; 1Kgs 21:22 אֶלנֶֿפֶשׁ on account of, for the sake of, one's life 1Kgs 19:3; 2Kgs 7:7 (Gen 19:17 על). (עַל is more common in this sense.) And specially with verbs of saying, narrating, telling, etc. with regard to, as אָמַר Gen 20:2; Isa 29:22; Isa 37:21; Isa 37:33 +; דִּבֶּר 2Sam 7:19; Jer 40:16 b; סִפֵּר Ps 2:7; Ps 69:27 צִוָּה Isa 23:11 שָׁמַע Ezek 19:4 הַשְּׁמוּעָה אֶל the report regarding. . . 1Sam 4:19. (Not frequently, ext. in the case of אָמַר.)

7. Of rule or standard, according to (rare): אֶלפִּֿי ֗֗֗ according to the command of, Josh 15:13; Josh 17:4; Josh 21:3 (generally עַלפִּֿי); אֶלנָֿבוֺן according to what is fixed = of a certainty 1Sam 23:23; 1Sam 26:4 (see Dr): perhaps Ps 5:1; Ps 80:1 (Ps 45:1 עַל).

8. Expressing presence at a spot, against; at, by, not merely after verbs expressing or implying motion (compare 1, Gen 24:11), as Josh 11:5 and they came and encamped together אֶלמֵֿי מֵרוֺם at the waters of Merom, 1Sam 5:4 cut off (and fallen) on to the threshold, 2Sam 2:23 and elsewhere and smote him אֶלהַֿחֹמֶשׁ in or on the belly, Deut 33:28; Exod 29:12; Lev 4:7 but also in other cases, as Josh 5:3 and he circumcised the Israelites אֶל against, at the hill of the foreskins, Josh 22:11 have built an altar אֶל גְּלִילוֺת הַיַּרְדֵּן by the districts of Jordan, Judg 12:6 & 2Sam 18:4 אֶליַֿד at the side of (elsewhere לְיַד, עַל יַד), 1Kgs 13:20 as they were sitting אֶלהַֿשֻּׁלְחָן at the table, 2Kgs 11:14 אֶלהַֿמֶּלֶךְ by the king, Jer 41:12 and found him by the great waters, etc., Jer 46:10 אֶלנְֿהַר פְּרָת by the Euphrates, Ezek 3:15; Ezek 11:11; Ezek 17:8; Ezek 31:7; Ezek 40:18; Ezek 43:3; Ezek 47:7; Ezek 48:12.

9. Prefixed to other preps. it combines with them the idea of motion or direction to: thus אֶלאַֿחֲרֵי 2Sam 5:23; 2Kgs 9:18; 2Kgs 9:19 סֹב אֶלאַֿחֲרַי turn to behind me, Zech 6:5 (where אֶל is pleonastic, probably due to clerical error; note יצא אל before & after); אֶלבֵּֿין in between Ezek 31:10; Ezek 31:14 אֵלבֵּֿינוֺת similarly Ezek 10:2 ׳אֶלמִֿבֵּית לְ to (the part) within (see below בַּיִת), in within Lev 16:15; 2Kgs 11:15 || have her forth in within the ranks; אֶלמֿוּל see מוּל; ׳אֶלמִֿנֶּגֶב לְ unto the south of Josh 15:3 ׳אֶלמִֿחוּץ לְ to the outside of Lev 4:12; Lev 4:21 +; אֶלנֹֿכַח to the front of Num 19:4 אֶלתַּֿחַת Judg 6:19; 1Kgs 8:6 and elsewhere (see below תַּחַת).

Note I. — In Gen 20:13 אֶלכָּֿלהַֿמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁר נָבוֺא ׳שָׁמָּה אִמְרִילִֿי וג; Num 33:54 ׳אֶלאֲֿשֶׁר וג; Prov 17:8 (compare Deut 16:6); — אֶל appears to be used by a species of attraction; the idea of motion involved in the relative clause influencing illogically the beginning of the sentence and causing אֶל to be used instead of בְּ. In Deut 31:14 אֵלֵיהֶם, as pointed, can only be from אַיִל III or IV (q. v.); if the word be taken as the Pronoun with suffix (Hi Ke), אֲלֵיהֶם must be read.

Note 2. — There is a tendency in Hebrew, especially manifest in Samuel Kings Jeremiah Ezekiel, to use אֶל in the sense of עַל; sometimes אֶל being used exceptionally in a phrase or construction which regularly, and in accusative with analogy, has עַל; sometimes, the two prepositions interchanging, apparently without discrimination, in the same or parallel sentences. Thus
   (a) Josh 5:14 וִיִּפֹּל אֶלפָּֿנָיו; 1Sam 13:13 אֶתמַֿמְלַכְתְּךָ אֶליִֿשְׂרָאֵל ׳הֵקִים י; 1Sam 14:34 (see below 5); 1Sam 17:3 עֹמְדִים אֶלהָֿהָר (contractee עַל Deut 11:29); Deut 19:16; 2Sam 6:3; 2Sam 20:23 (contracted 2Sam 8:16) 1Kgs 13:29; 1Kgs 18:46 (contracted 2Kgs 3:15 על) Jer 35:15; Ezek 7:18.
   (b) Judg 6:37 and upon (עַל) all the earth let there be dryness, vJudg 6:39 let there be dryness on (אֶל) the fleece; 1Sam 14:10 come up עָלֵינוּ, v1Sam 14:12 come up אֵלֵינוּ; 1Sam 16; 1Sam 18:10 צָלַח אֶל, 1Sam 10:6 and elsewhere צָלַח עַל; 1Sam 25:17 evil is determined אֶלאֲֿדֹנֵינוּ וְעַל כָּלבֵּֿיתוֺ; v1Sam 25:25; 1Sam 27:10; 2Sam 2:9 וַיַּמְלִכֵהוּ אֶל וְ֗֗֗אֶל וְ֗֗֗אֶל וְ֗֗֗עַל וְ֗֗֗עַל וְ֗֗֗עַל; 2Sam 3:29 יָחֻלוּ עַל ֗֗֗ וְאֶל ֗֗֗ 2Kgs 8:3 & 5; 2Kgs 3; Jer 19:15; Jer 25:2; Jer 26:15 ye lay innocent blood עֲלֵיכֶם וְאֶלהָֿעִיר הַזּאֹת; Jer 27:19; Jer 28:8; Jer 33:14; Jer 34:7; Jer 36:31; Jer 37:13; Jer 37:14; Ezek 18:6; Ezek 18:11 & 15; Ezek 21:12 etc. Ps 79:6 (Jer 10:25 על twice). It is probably that this interchange, at least in many cases, is not original, but due to transcribers.

[Note]

Conversely, though not with the same frequency, עַל occurs where analogy would lead us to expect אֶל, or even in juxtaposition with אֶל, as 1Sam 1:10 הִתְפַּלֵּל עַל to pray to (1Sam 1:26 אֶל); v1Sam 1:13; 1Sam 25:25 אֶלעַ֗֗֗ל; 1Kgs 20:43 וַיֵּלֶךְ עַלבֵּֿיתוֺ (1Kgs 21:4 אֶל); Isa 22:15; Jer 11:2; Jer 23:35; Jer 31:12. compare DrSm i. 13, 13; ii. 8, 7; 15, 4.

Strong's Definition H413
unto, to, into, upon, against, …
ʾēl
near, with or among; often in general, to
  • to, toward, unto (of motion)
    • "into (limit is actually entered)
    • in among
    toward (of direction, not necessarily physical motion)"against (motion or direction of a hostile character)"in addition to, to"concerning, in regard to, in reference to, on account of"according to (rule or standard)"at, by, against (of one's presence)"in between, in within, to within, unto (idea of motion to)
Variations 46 forms of this word
Translations 329 English renderings
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Word Parts
אַחְאָב֙
אַחְאָב֙
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Ahab")
Dictionary form: אַחְאָב · ah-AWB
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Np
Noun — Proper Name
אַחְאָב Speech Noun Type Proper Name
In English
In the KJV here: ahab
of ahab ×36 ahab ×19 and ahab ×16 when ahab ×4 so ahab ×3 from ahab ×2 that ahab ×2 unto ahab ×2
More options
Ahab — Standard modern spelling for this Israelite king's name.
Ahab's — Possessive form; use when indicating ownership or association.
King Ahab — Use when royal title adds clarity or emphasis to context.
Ahab son of Omri — Use for first mention or when lineage distinguishes him.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB276 H251 H256 H257

BDB275 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB277

I. אָח, אַחְאָב, אֶחָב, אַחְבָּן etc. see אחה.

BDB286 H256

BDB285 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB287

אַחְאָב91 proper name, masculine Ahab (father's brother; = אחיאב NöZMG 1886, 172, Ἀχίαβος was a nephew of Herod; compare like name in Syriac, given ob maximum cum parte suo similitudinem, BarHebrChron. Ecclesiast. ii. 23 compare LCB1879, 1339. In many cases, however, the meaning of proper names compared with אח is dubious, & perfect consistency, especially in comparison with compounds of אָב, seems impossible; compare remark below אביאל and further WeSkizzen, iii. 1 f, DlPr. cap. vi) — אַחְאָב1Kgs 16:28 +; וּכְאֶחָב Jer 29:22 —

1. son of Omri, king of Isr. 1Kgs 16:28; 1Kgs 16:29; 1Kgs 18:1; 1Kgs 18:2; 1Kgs 18:3; 1Kgs 20:2; 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:14 + 41 t. 1 Kings, 27 t. 2 Kings, 14 t. 2 Chronicles; Mic 6:16.
2. false prophet, time of Jeremiah. Jer 29:21; Jer 29:22.

אַחָב see אַחְאָב.
Strong's Definition H256
ahab, ahabs
ʾaḥʾāb
father's brother
Achab, the name of a king of Israel and of a prophet at Babylon
  • king of Israel, son of Omri, husband of Jezebel
    • "false prophet executed by Nebuchadrezzar, time of Jeremiah
Variations 8 forms of this word
Translations 17 English renderings
Ahab Ahab False prophet during the Babylonian exile
Search every verse
Word Parts
אֱסֹ֣ר
אֱסֹ֣ר
Root word bound, bind, ready, tied, prison, …
Dictionary form: אָסַר · aw-SAHR
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vqv2ms
Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"
אֱסֹר Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Imperative Person Second Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: prepare
and bound ×7 to bind ×5 bound ×4 she bound ×4 she hath bound ×3 thou mightest be bound ×3 they bind ×2 tied ×2
More options
bind — Most versatile; covers physical and metaphorical tying.
tie — Concrete, everyday register; good for literal restraint.
fasten — Emphasizes securing firmly in place.
shackle — Strong connotation of imprisonment or captivity.
harness — Best when yoking animals or harnessing power.
imprison — Prefer when context is custody or captivity of persons.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB636 H631 H612

BDB635 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB637

[אָסַר] verb tie, bind, imprison (Arabic , Assyrian asâru, compare COTGloss, Aramaic אֲסַר, , Ethiopic ) —

Qal Perfect suffix אֲסָרָם Job 36:13 3 feminine singular אָֽסְרָה Num 30:5 +, etc.; Imperfect יֶאְסֹר 1Kgs 20:14 וַיֶּאֱסֹר Gen 42:24 וַיֶּאְסֹר Gen 46:29 +; plural suffix יַאַסְרֻנִי Judg 16:7 etc.; Imperative אֱסֹר 1Kgs 18:44; 2Kgs 9:21 אִסְרוּ Jer 46:4; Ps 118:27 Infinitive absolute אָסֹר Judg 15:13 אָסוֺר Judg 16:11 construct לָאְסֹר Num 30:3 +; לָאֱסוֺר Judg 15:10 לֶאֱסָרְךָ Judg 15:12 אָסְרָם Hos 10:10 Participle active construct אֹסְרִי Gen 49:11 passive אָסור Gen 40:3 +; plural אֲסוּרִים Gen 39:20 +; also Judg 16:21; Judg 16:25 Qr (Kt אסירים); הָסוּרִים Eccl 4:14 (compare Now); אֲסֻרוֺת 2Sam 3:34 construct אסורי Gen 39:20 Kt (Qr אֲסִירֵי); —
1. tie, bind, for security, foal to vine (followed by ל) Gen 49:11 (blessing of Jacob); horses and asses 2Kgs 7:10 (twice in verse); Ps 118:27 is dubious De bind the festal victim with cords; Che bind the procession with branches, etc.
2. tie, harness, kine to (ב) cart 1Sam 6:7; 1Sam 6:10 so (metaphor) Hos 10:10 harness them to (ל) their two iniquities (but Jerome Ew Now make ׳א here = יסר chastise, compare אֶסֳּרֵם va); also followed by accusative chariot Gen 46:29 (J) Exod 14:6 (E) 2Kgs 9:21 absolute 1Kgs 18:44; 2Kgs 9:21 even of making ready chargers הַסּוּסִים ׳א Jer 46:4 (|| עֲלוּ הַפָּרָשִׁים).
3. bind, with cords, fetters, etc., as prisoner, Simeon Gen 42:24 (E), Samson Judg 15:10; Judg 15:12; Judg 15:13 (3 t. in verse); Judg 16:5; Judg 16:7; Judg 16:8; Judg 16:11 (twice in verse); Judg 16:12 בַּנְחֻשְׁתַּיִם ׳א 2Kgs 25:7 = 2Chr 36:6 = Jer 39:7; Jer 52:11 also 2Chr 33:11 compare (without ׳בַּנ) 2Kgs 17:4 (בֵּית בֶּלָא ׳א || עָצַת), 2Kgs 23:33 compare of divine chastisement Job 36:13 & see also Ezek 3:25; Ps 149:8 figurative of absolute authority Ps 105:22 especially Passive participle 2Sam 3:34 thy hands were not bound (|| and thy feet not put in fetters); בָּאֿזִקִּים ׳א Jer 40:1 compare בַּזִּקִּים ׳א Job 36:8 (probably figurative || חַבְלֵיעֹֿ֑נִי); metaphor of king held captive by a woman's tresses Song 7:6 perhaps = imprisoned (whether bound or not) Gen 39:20; Gen 40:3; Gen 40:5 (all J E); as substantive plural prisoners Gen 39:20 (Kt, see above); so (late) as distressed, & object of divine compassion Isa 49:9; Isa 61:1; Ps 146:7 בֵּית האסי֯רים prison Judg 16:21; Judg 16:25 compare Eccl 4:14.
4. gird (rare & late) אֵזוֺר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶם ׳א Job 12:18 (אֵזוֺר = slaves' waistcloth, RS p. 25 above; Hoffm reads וַיָּסַר for וַיֶּאְסֹר); חַרְבּוֺ אֲסוּרִים עַלמָֿתְנָיו Neh 4:12.
5. followed by מִלְחָמָה begin the battle, make the attack (compare German mit jemandem anbinden) 1Kgs 20:14; 2Chr 13:3.
6. figurative of obligation of oath or vow (only Num 30, P) עַלנֶֿפֶשׁ ׳א, usually followed by accusative of congnate meaning with verb אֱסָר, אִסָּר Num 30:3; Num 30:5 (twice in verse); Num 30:6; Num 30:8; Num 30:9; Num 30:11; Num 30:12 without אֱסָר etc., v.Num 30:7 v.Num 30:10 compare v.Num 30:4 אִסָּר ׳א (עַלנֶֿפֶשׁ omitted) Niph`al passive of Qal 3, be, bound, imprisoned, Imperfect (jussive) יֵאָסֵר Gen 42:19 (E); 2 masculine singular תֵּאָסֵר Judg 16:6; Judg 16:10; Judg 16:13 (of Samson); Imperative הֵאָֽסְרוּ Gen 42:16 (E). Pu`al Perfect be taken prisoner אֻסְּרוּ Isa 22:3 אֻסָּ֑רוּ ib.

BDB9327 H612 H631 H632

BDB9326 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9328

אסר (√ of following; Biblical Hebrew [ אָסַר] bind, אֵסוּר bond, אִסָּר binding obligation).

Strong's Definition H631
bound, bind, ready, tied, prison, …
ʾāsar
to yoke or hitch; by analogy, to fasten in any sense, to join battle
  • to tie, bind, imprison
    • (Qal)
      • to tie, bind
        • "to tie, harness"to bind (with cords)"to gird (rare and late)"to begin the battle, make the attack"of obligation of oath (figurative)
      (Niphal) to be imprisoned, bound"(Pual) to be taken prisoner
Variations 42 forms of this word
Translations 48 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
וָ רֵ֔ד
וָ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
רֵ֔ד
Root word down, descended, descend, went, come, …
Dictionary form: יָרַד · yaw-RAHD
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Vqv2ms
Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"
וָ Speech Conjunction
רֵד Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Imperative Person Second Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: thy chariot and get thee down
came down ×23 went down ×23 come down ×17 go down ×17 them that go down ×10 and went down ×9 shall come down ×9 to go down ×6
More options
go down — Most neutral, general-purpose rendering for movement downward.
descend — Slightly formal; good for elevated or ceremonial contexts.
come down — Preferred when motion is toward the speaker or reader.
drop down — Useful for rapid or sudden downward movement.
sink — Best when subject gradually lowers, e.g. into water or despair.
go down to — Idiomatic for traveling to a lower-elevation destination, e.g. Egypt.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3717 H3381

BDB3716 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3718

יָרַד380 verb come or go down, descend (Late Hebrew id.; MI32 וארד and רד; Assyrian arâdu, DlHWB 240; Arabic come to, arrive at, also descend; Ethiopic descend; Sabean ורד and הורד id., DHM in MV) —

Qal306 Perfect יָרַד Exod 19:18 +; יְרַד Judg 5:13 (twice in verse) (but read יָרַד or יֵרֵד); רַד Judg 19:11 (read יָרַד), etc.; Imperfect יֵרֵד Gen 42:38 +; וַיֵּ֫רֶד Gen 11:5 +; וַיֵּרַ֑ד 2Sam 22:10 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular תֵּ֫רֶד (אֵשׁׅ 2Kgs 1:10; 2Kgs 1:12 תּרַד Jer 13:17; Lam 3:48 תֵּדֵֿ֔ Isa 34:5; Isa 63:14 תֵּרֵ֑ד Ezek 26:11 (יוֺרִיד Vrss Co); וַתֵּ֫רֶד Gen 24:16 + 7 t.; 2 masculine singular תֵּרֵד Gen 26:2 + 5 t. + 1Sam 20:19, where read תִּפָּקֵד We Dr., compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7; 1 singular אֵרֵד Gen 37:35 + 3 t.; וָאֵרֵד Exod 3:8 + 3 t.; cohortative אֵרְדָהנָֿא Gen 18:21 יֵרְדוּ 1Sam 13:12 + 4 t.; וַיֵּרְדוּ Gen 42:3 + 19 t.; 3 feminine plural תֵּרַדְנָה Jer 14:17 + 2 t.; 1 plural נֵרֵד Gen 43:5 cohortative נֵרְדָה Gen 11:7 + 2 t.; וַנֵּ֫רֶד 2Kgs 10:13 Imperative רֵד Exod 19:21 +; רְדָה Gen 45:9; Ezek 32:19 רֵ֑דָה 2Kgs 1:9; 2Kgs 1:11 feminine singular רְדִי Jer 48:18; Isa 47:1 masculine plural רְדוּ Gen 42:2 + 5 t.; Infinitive absolute יָרֹד Gen 43:20 construct רֶ֫דֶת Gen 44:26 +; (מֵ)רְדָה Gen 46:3 (see Köi. 402); suffix רִדְתִּי Ps 30:10, etc. (in Ps 30:4 read Kt מִיּוֺרְדֵי, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Che Bae, see Ol§§ 160 b, 245d); Participle יוֺרֵד Judg 9:36 +; feminine singular יֹרְדָה Lam 1:16 (הַ)יֹּרֶ֫דֶת Eccl 3:21; 1Sam 25:30, etc.; —
1. a. come or go down: from (מִן) a mountain Exod 19:14; Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15 (all E), Exod 34:29 (twice in verse) (JE), Deut 9:15; Deut 10:5; Num 20:28 (P) +; absolute Exod 19:21; Exod 19:24 (J), vExod 19:25 (J; with אֶל person); from the air, of birds, followed by עַל Gen 15:11 (JE).
  b. go down (usually from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle, absolute Judg 5:14 followed by לָעֵמֶק Judg 1:34 followed by לַשְּׁעָרִים Judg 5:11 followed by אֶל vJudg 5:10 vJudg 5:11, compare 1Sam 17:8 (followed by אֶל person); followed by לִקְרַאת Judg 7:24 followed by אַחֲרֵי person 1Sam 14:36 followed by ב location Judg 7:9 בַּמִּלְחָמָה יֵרֵד וְנִסְפָּה 1Sam 26:10, compare 1Sam 29:4; 1Sam 30:24 of single combat, וַיַּרֶד אֵלָיו בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט 2Sam 23:21 = 1Chr 11:23.
  c. go down to (accusative) threshing-floor, Ruth 3:3; Ruth 3:5 (from David's palace) to Uriah's house (אֶל) 2Sam 11:9; 2Sam 11:10 (twice in verse); 2Sam 11:13 from temple to (accusative) king's house Jer 36:12 (+ עַללִֿשְׁכַּת הַסֹּפֵר); רֵד בֵּיתמֶֿלֶךְ יְהוּדָח Jer 22:1, etc.
  d. go down (absolute) from Palestine to Egypt Gen 42:3 (E), vGen 42:38 (J) + 6 t. J E; followed by אֵלַי Gen 45:9 (E); followed by מִעְרַ֫יְמָה Gen 46:3; Gen 46:4 (E), Gen 12:10; Gen 26:2 (both J), Num 20:15 (JE); followed by מִצְרֵיִם Josh 24:4 (E), Gen 43:15 (J), Isa 30:2; Isa 31:1; Isa 52:4 followed by שָׁמָּה Gen 42:2 (E) ; so to Philistine cities Judg 14:19; Judg 16:31; 1Sam 13:20; Amos 6:2.
  e. from Jerusalem, absolute Judg 1:9; 1Kgs 1:25; Neh 6:3; 2Chr 20:16 (to battle); to Jezreel 2Kgs 8:21 = 2Kgs 9:26 = 2Chr 22:6 to Samaria 1Kgs 22:2 = 2Chr 18:2 (to Gihon) 1Sam 1:38, etc. feminine from altar ירד מֵעֲשׂוֺת הַחַטָּאת Lev 9:22 (P); from chariot, with מֵעַל Judg 4:15 from ass, with מֵעַל 1Sam 25:23 from throne, with מֵעַל Ezek 26:16, absolute Isa 47:1, compare רְדִי מִכָּבוֺד Jer 48:18 from ships, with מִן Ezek 27:29 from bed, with מִן 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 1:16 (all opposed to עלה).
  g. go down הָעַ֫יְנָה Gen 24:16; Gen 24:45 (J); followed by לִרְחֹץ עַל הַיְאֹר Exod 2:5 (E), compare (absolute) 2Kgs 5:14 followed by accusative הַסֶּלַע 1Sam 23:25 יוֺרְדֵי הַיָּם Isa 42:10 יוֺרְדֵי הַיָּם בָּאֳנִיּוֺת Ps 107:23 absolute (into pit or well) 2Sam 23:30 = 1Chr 11:22, followed by שָׁם (i.e. בְּאֵר) 2Sam 17:18. וְיָרַדְתִּי֯ Judg 11:37, read וְרַדְתִּי (√ רוד, wander about), RS in Bla.
  h. = sink, in water יָָֽרְדוּ בִמְצוֺלוֺת כְּמוֺאָֿ֑בֶן Exod 15:5 (song in E); לְקִצְבֵי הָרַים יָרַדְתִּי Jonah 2:7 more generally, opposed to rising, יַעֲלוּ הָרִים יֵָֽרְדוּ בְקָעוֺת Ps 104:8 mountains rise, valleys sink; יַעֲלוּ שָׁמַיִם יֵרְדוּ תְהוֺמוֺת Ps 107:26.
  i. go down to She'ôl: followed by שְׁא֫וֺלָה Gen 37:35 (J; + אֶלבְּֿנִי), Num 16:30; Num 16:33 (JE), Ezek 31:15; Ezek 31:17 followed by שְׁאוֺל Ezek 32:27; Ps 55:16; Job 7:6 (opposed to עלה); בַּדֵּי שְׁאֹל תֵּרַדְנָה Job 17:16 absolute Isa 5:14; Ezek 32:19 (|| הָשְׁכְּבָה), vEzek 32:21 vEzek 32:30, Ps 49:15 (followed by אַחֲרָיו); יָָֽרְדוּ עֲרֵלִים Ezek 32:24 followed by שַׁחַת Job 33:24, אֶלשַֿׁחַת Ps 30:10 followed by בּוֺר Ps 30:4 Qr (Kt יורדי); יוֺרְדֵי אֶלאַֿבְנֵיבֿוֺר Isa 14:19 ; יוֺרְדֵי בוֺר Ps 28:1; Ezek 26:20 (twice in verse) (|| אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִיּוֺת) + 11 t. (see בּוֺר); יוֺרְדֵי עָפָר Ps 22:30 יוֺרְדֵי דוּמָה Ps 115:17 (|| הַמֵּתִים); רַגְלֶיהָ יֹרְדֹת מָ֑וֶת Prov 5:5, compare Prov 7:27 (|| דַּרְכֵי שְׁאוֺל); note also מִי יוֺדֵעַר֗֗֗וּךְַ הַבְּהֵמָה הַיּרֶדֶת הִיא לְמִטָּה לָאָרֶץ Eccl 3:21 (opposed to הָעֹלָה הִיא לְמָ֑עְלָה; read חֲיֹרדת, הַעֹלָה, with Vrss, see VB).
  j. figurative יֹרֵד בַּבֶּ֑כִי Isa 15:3 going down (dissolving) in tears (|| יְיֵלֵיל; compare 3 c).
  k. = be prostrated, absolute, of horses and riders Hag 2:22, compare Isa 34:7, perhaps also Jer 48:15; Jer 50:27 (+ לַטָּ֑בַח); forest Isa 32:19; Zech 11:2 city Deut 20:20; Lam 1:9 wall Deut 28:52 nation תֵּרֵד מַ֫טָּה מָ֑טָּה Deut 28:43 (opposed to עלה); מַצֵּבוֺת Ezek 26:11 + לָאָרֶץ (where Co ויחרדו).
2. of divine manifestations: descend, of ׳י in theoph. [על ההר֑]יָרַד עָלָיו בָּאֵשׁ ׳י Exod 19:11; Exod 19:18 (E), vExod 19:20 (J; אֶלרֿאֹשׁ הָהָר), compare Neh 9:13 צְבָאוֺת לִצְבּאֹ עַלהַֿרצִֿיּוֺן ׳יֵרֵד י Isa 31:4 absolute Gen 11:5; Gen 11:7; Gen 18:21; Exod 3:8 (all J), Num 11:17 (JE), 2Sam 22:10 = Ps 18:10 (compare Ps 144:5), Mic 1:3; Isa 63:19; Isa 64:2 וַיֵּרֶד בֶּעָנָן ׳י Exod 34:5; Num 11:25, compare Num 12:5 (all J E); of pillar of cloud Exod 33:9 (JE); מִי עָלָהשָֿׁמַיִם וַיֵּרַ֓ד Prov 30:4 of angels on סֻלָּם; עֹלִים וְיֹרְדִים בּוֺ Gen 28:12 (E).
3. of inanimate things:
  a. hail with עַל person Exod 9:19 (J); dew with עַל location Num 11:9 (JE), Ps 133:3 rain (as אָבָק and עָפָר), followed by מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם + על person Deut 28:24, so in simile of future king יֵרֵד כְּמָטָר עַלגֵּֿז Ps 72:6 of גְּשֶׁם and שֶׁלֶג, with מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם Isa 55:10 manna (with עַל location) Num 11:9 (JE); fire from (מִן) heaven 2Kgs 1:10 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 1:12 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 1:14; 2Chr 7:1, absolute 2Chr 7:3.
  b. waters, flowing down הַנַּחַל הַיֹּרֵד מִןהָֿהָר Deut 9:21, compare Josh 3:13 (followed by מִלְמָ֑עָלָה), vJosh 3:16 followed by עַליַֿם הָעֲרָבָה vJosh 3:16 עַלהָֿעֲרָבָה Ezek 47:8 followed by מִן Ezek 47:1.
  c. tears, פַּלְגֵימַֿיִם יָָֽרְדוּ עֵינָ֑י Ps 119:36, and so Lam 3:48 also עֵינִי יֹרְדָה מַיִם Lam 1:16, and so Jer 9:17; Jer 13:17; Jer 14:17 (compare also Isa 15:3, 1 j).
  d. of oil descending upon (על) beard, etc. Ps 133:2 (twice in verse).
  e. of shadow on dial 2Kgs 20:11 = Isa 38:8 (twice in verse). feminine of boundary going down (from or to a place) Josh 16:3 (JE), elsewhere P, Num 34:11 (twice in verse); Num 34:12; Josh 15:10; Josh 16:7; Josh 17:9; Josh 18:13; Josh 18:16.
  g. come down, absolute of headdresses, in sign of humiliation Jer 13:18.
  h. pride of power Ezek 30:6.
  i. of calamity ׳מֵאֵת י Mic 1:12 עַלדְֿקְדוֺ חֲמָסוֺ יֵרֵד Ps 7:17 of sword descending on (על) Edom Isa 34:5.
  j. figurative of words of talebearer; יָ˜רְדוּ חַדְרֵיבָּֿ֑טֶן Prov 18:8 = Prov 26:22. — See also above 1 k.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הוֺרִד 2Kgs 16:17 וְהוֺרִיד consecutive Amos 3:11 (We וְהוּרַד); 2 masculine singular וְהוֺרַדְתָּ֫ 1Kgs 2:9 2 feminine singular suffix הוֺרַדְתֵּנִי Josh 2:18 (see Baern. and Köi. 412); הוֺרִידוּ 1Sam 6:15; Lam 2:10 etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיּוֺרֶד Judg 7:5 + 5 t. (+ 1Kgs 6:32 Klo, who reads וַיֹּרֶד for וַיָּרֶד, see רדד); suffix יוֺרִידֵנִי Obad 1:3 יוֺרִדֵהוּ 1Sam 30:16; 1Kgs 17:23 וַיֹּרִדֵם 1Kgs 18:40 2 masculine singular וְלֹא תּוֺרֵד 1Kgs 2:6 suffix (הֲ)תוֺרִדֵנִי 1Sam 30:15, תּוֺרִדֵם Ps 55:24 etc.; Imperative masculine singular הִוֺרֵד Exod 33:5 + 2 t.; suffix הוֺרִדֵהוּ Ezek 32:18 הוֺרִידֵמוֺ Ps 59:12 feminine singular הוֺרִידִי Lam 2:18 masculine plural הוֺרִידוּ Gen 43:7; Gen 43:11 suffix הוֺרִדֻהוּ Gen 44:21 Infinitive construct לְהוֺרִיד Gen 37:25 suffix הוֺרִדִי Ezek 31:16 Participle מוֺרִיד 1Sam 2:6 מֹרִיד 2Sam 22:48 — cause to come or go down:

1. a. bring down (to Egypt), with accusative of person + שָׁ֫מָּה Gen 39:1 (J); + הֵ֫נָּה Gen 45:13 (E); + אֵלַי Gen 44:21 absolute Gen 43:7 with accusative of thing Gen 43:11 + מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Gen 37:25 absolute Gen 43:22 (all J); from Canaan to desert Deut 1:25 (followed by אֵלֵינוּ); to (אֶל) Amalekites 1Sam 30:15 (twice in verse); absolute v1Sam 30:16 bring down (object person or thing) אָלהַֿמַּיִם Judg 7:4; Judg 7:5 אֶלנַֿ֫חַל Deut 21:4; 1Kgs 18:40 יָ֫מָּה 1Kgs 5:23 to Gaza (עַזָּ֫תָה) Judg 16:21 from Jerusalem to Gihon, with עַל (Qr אֶל) 1Kgs 1:33 to valley of Jehosh. (אֶל) Joel 1Kgs 4:2 from (מִן) temple (to king's house) 2Kgs 11:19 = 2Chr 23:20 from (מֵעַל) altar 1Kgs 1:53 from (מִן) upper chamber, followed by הַבַּ֫יְתָה 1Kgs 17:23 from (מִן) the heavens Amos 9:2 Edom, from (מִן) nest in rocks Jer 49:16; Obad 1:4 compare of Israel כְּעוֺף הַשָּׁמַיִם Hos 7:12 with accusative of limit (אֶרֶץ) Obad 1:3 bring down (from Babylon) into (בְּ) ships Isa 43:14 (see VB).
  b. send down rain (הַגֶּשֶׁם) Ezek 34:26, compare Joel 2:23 = cause to flow down, object spittle, וַיּוֺרֶד רִירוֺ אֶלזְֿקָנוֺ 1Sam 21:14 tears הוֺרִידִי כַנַּחל דִּמְעָה Lam 2:18 water-streams וַיּוֺרֶד כַּנְּהָרוֺת מָ֑יִם Ps 78:16.
  c. = lay prostrate, prostrate הוֺרִיד מִמֵךְ עֻזֵּךְ Amos 3:11 (where however We reads וְהוּרַד), compare Prov 21:22 וְאוֺרִיד כַּאבִּיר יוֺשְׁבִים Isa 10:13 of God's casting down peoples Ps 56:8; Isa 63:6 (followed by לָאָרֶץ); מוֺרִיד עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּנוּ 2Sam 22:48 (וַּיַּדְבֵּר in || Ps 18:48); so perhaps Babylonians, like lambs, לִטְבֿוֺחַ Jer 51:40 so Ps 59:12 (si vera lectio; ᵑ6 וַהֲנִידֵמוֺ make them vagabonds, see LagProph. Chald. (1872), xlviii. VB Hup Now Che Bae Dr2Sam 15:20).
  d. bring down to She'ôl מֵמִית וּמְחַיֶּ֑ה מוֺרִיד שְׁאוֺל וַיָּ֑עַל׃ ׳י 1Sam 2:6 followed by שְׁא(וֺ)ל also 1Kgs 2:6; 1Kgs 2:9 followed by שְׁא֫וֺלָה (object grey hair) Gen 42:38; Gen 44:29; Gen 44:31 (all J); compare Ezek 26:30; Ezek 31:16; Ezek 32:18 followed by לִבְאֵר שַׁחַת Ps 55:24 לַשַּׁחַת Ezek 28:8.
2. take down (from cart) 1Sam 6:15 the sea from upon (מֵעַל) the brazen oxen 2Kgs 16:17 corpse from (מִן) tree Josh 8:29, and (מֵעַל) Josh 10:27 (both J E); the מִשְׁכָּן Num 1:51 (P); the פָּרֹכֶת Num 4:5 (P); take off ornaments מֵעָלֶיךָ Exod 33:5 (JE).
3. let down וַתֹּ֫רֶד כַּדָּהּ עַליָֿדָהּ Gen 24:18, so, with מֵעָלֶיהָ vGen 24:46, to give one a drink; וַיּוֺרִדוּ אִישׁ אֶתאַֿמְתַּחְתוֺ אָ֑רְצָה Gen 44:11 (all J); object person Josh 2:18, בַּחֶבֶל בְּעַד הַחַלּוֺן vJosh 2:15 (both J E); בְּעַד הַחַלּוֺן 1Sam 19:12 compare also הוֺרִידוּ לָאָרֶץ ראֹשָׁן בְּתוּלֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַם Lam 2:10 the virgins of Jerusalem have bowed down their heads to the ground.

Hoph`al Perfect הוּרַד Gen 39:1 + 2 t. + 1Sam 30:34 Kt (Qr Qal Participle); וְהוּרַד consecutive Zech 10:11 2 masculine singular וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ Ezek 31:18 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תּוּרַד Isa 14:15 —

1. be brought down מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Gen 39:1 (J); בַּמִּלְחָמָה 1Sam 30:24 Kt (see above); to She'ôl הוּרַד שְׁאוֺל גְּאוֺנֶ֖ךָ Isa 14:11 (of king of Babylon); אֶלשְֿׁאוֺל תּוּרַד אֶליַֿרְכְּתֵיבֿוֺר vIsa 14:15 וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ אֶלאֶֿרֶץ תַּחְתִּית Ezek 31:18 וְהוּרַד גְּאוֺן אַשּׁוּר Zech 10:11. — In Amos 3:11 We reads וְהוּרַד ממך (see Hiph`il above)
2. be taken down, of the מִשְׁכָּן Num 10:17 (P).

Strong's Definition H3381
down, descended, descend, went, come, …
yārad
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications)
  • to go down, descend, decline, march down, sink down
    • (Qal)
      • to go or come down
        • "to sink"to be prostrated"to come down (of revelation)
      (Hiphil)
      • to bring down
        • "to send down"to take down"to lay prostrate"to let down
      (Hophal)
      • to be brought down
        • "to be taken down
Variations 143 forms of this word
Translations 211 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
וְ לֹ֥א
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
לֹ֥א
Particle not
Dictionary form: לֹא · loh
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Tn
Particle — Negative
וְ Speech Conjunction
לֹא Speech Particle Type Negative
In English
In the KJV here: thee not
not ×882 neither ×399 no ×282 nor ×215 shall not ×205 thou shalt not ×116 is not ×102 and not ×86
More options
not — Default negation; fits nearly every context.
no — Use before nouns or as a standalone negative.
never — Emphasizes total or timeless negation.
nor — Use in paired or continued negative clauses.
neither — Use when negating two elements together.
none — Negates a noun or quantity; no one/nothing.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB4266 H3808

BDB4265 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4267

לֹא or לוֺא adverb not (Arabic , Aramaic לָא, , Sabean לא, Ass. lâ; not in Ethiopic: compare Köii. 1. 236 WalkerAJSL 1896, 237 ff.) — לוֺא, according to Masora (FrMM 248), 35 t., besides בְּלוֺא 6 t., and הֲלוֺא, the orthography of which varies much (ib.p. 251), e.g. in Samuel always הֲלוֺא, in Chronicles always הֲלֹא, on the whole הֲלוֺא 141 t., הֲלֹא 128 t.; twice, according to Masora, written לו (Qr לֹא), 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2, once לה Deut 3:11 Kt: — not — denying objectively, like οὐ (not μὴ = אַל): —

1. in predication:
  a. with a verb; so most frequently, and nearly always
   (a) with the finite tenses, whether perfect (Gen 2:5 b Gen 4:5 etc.) or imperfect (Gen 3:4; Gen 8:21; Gen 8:22 etc.); in short circumstantial clauses, as Gen 44:4 לא הרחיקו, Isa 40:20 לֹא יִמּוֺט, and with a final force Isa 41:7; Exod 28:32 (see Ges«GKC:156»§ 156. 3 R. b, c Dr§ 162). Governing two closely connected verbs (Dr§ 115, לא) Exod 28:43 וְלֹא יִשְׂאוּ עָוֺן וָמֵתוּ, Lev 19:12; Lev 19:29b Deut 7:25; Deut 7:26; Deut 19:10; Deut 22:1 and elsewhere; and two parallel clauses (Ges«GKC:152»§ 152. 3) Isa 23:4b Ps 9:19; Ps 44:19; Job 3:1 and elsewhere With the imperfect, especially with 2 person, לֹא often expresses (not, like אַל, a deprecation, do not . . ., let not . . ., but) a prohibition, as Gen 2:17 לֹא תאֹכַל מִמֶּנּוּ thou shall not eat of it, Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Exod 20:3 לֹאיִֿהְיֶה לְךָ there shall not be to thee, etc., vExod 20:13 לא תגנב, etc. With the coh. and jussive moods (which are negatived regularly by אַל), it occurs only exceptionally (Ges«GKC:109»§ 109. 1 b R. 1), Gen 24:8; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 17:12; 2Sam 18:14; 1Kgs 2:6; Ezek 48:14.
   (b) with the infinitive (which is negatived by בִּלְתִּי, q. v.), only once, in בְּלֹא (4 a), and with לְ, in the sense of cannot, or must not; Judg 1:19 כי לא להורישׁ for it was not (possible) to dispossess, etc. Amos 6:10 לא ׳להזכיר בשׁם י, 1Chr 5:1; 1Chr 15:2 (Dr§ 202. 2); compare Aramaic לָא Dan 6:9; Ezra 6:8. On its use with the participle, see b c.
   (c) לא always negates properly the word immediately following: hence, in a verbal sentence, where this is not the verb, some special stress rests upon it, Gen 32:29 לֹא יַעֲקֹב ׳יֵאָמֵר עוֺד וג not Jacob shall thy name be called any more, but Israel, Gen 45:8 לֹא אַתֶּם שְׁלַחְתֶּם אֹתִי Not ye (in our idiom: It is not ye who) have sent me hither, but God, Exod 16:8; 1Sam 8:7 כִּי לֹא ׳אֹתְךָ מָאָסוּ כִּי אֹתִי וג, Ps 115:17 without a following correcting clause, Gen 38:9; Num 16:29 שְׁלָחָנִי׃ ׳לֹא י Not ׳י (but another) hath sent me, Deut 32:27 לֹא פָּעַל זֹאת ׳י, 1Chr 17:4; Deut 8:9; Isa 28:28 לא לנצח ֗֗֗ not for ever (but only for a while) . . . (so Isa 57:16; Ps 9:19; Ps 49:18; Ps 103:9 but Isa 13:20 לא תשׁב לנצח is, will not be inhabited for ever), Isa 43:22; Job 13:16; Job 32:9 hence rhetorically, insinuating something very different, not named, 2Kgs 6:10 not once, and not twice (but repeatedly), Ezra 10:13; Jer 4:11 a wind לֹא לְזָרוֺת וְלוֺא לְהַָ˜בר׃ not to winnow, and not to cleanse (but to exterminate), Isa 45:13; Isa 48:1b Josh 24:12; Dan 11:20; Dan 11:29; Job 34:20 לֹא בְיָד (but by a Divine agency: compare Dan 2:34 also Job 20:26 אֵשׁ לֹא נֻפָּ֑ךְ fire not blown upon [but kindled from heaven], Lam 4:6 and אין Isa 47:14).
   (d) standing alone:
   (a) אִםלֹֿא if not, Gen 18:21 וְאִםלֹֿא אֵדָֽעָה׃, Gen 29:49; Gen 42:16; Job 9:24; Job 24:25 (β) הֲאִ֗֗֗םלֿא, or not, Gen 24:21 waiting to know דַּרְכּוֺ אִםלֹֿא ׳הַהִצְלִיחַ י, Gen 27:21; Gen 37:32; Exod 16:4; Num 11:23; Deut 8:2; Judg 2:22 (compare אִם אַיִן, אַיִן 2 d β, δ). In answer to a question or request, to deny, or decline, Nay, Nö: Judg 12:5 ויאמר לא, Hag 2:12 לא אדני Gen 23:11; Gen 42:10; 1Sam 1:15 +; often followed by כי, Nö for . . . = Nö but . . ., Gen 18:15 ויאמר לֹא כִּי צָחָ֑קְתְּ, Gen 19:2; Josh 5:14; Josh 24:21; 1Sam 2:16 Qr (see Dr), 1Sam 10:19 (ᵐ5 MSS), 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:22 (twice in verse) +; Job 23:6 (strangely). (compare, in deprecation, אַל.)
   (e) with an interrogative force, which however does not lie in לא as such, but (as in other cases) in the contrast with a preceding clause, or in the tone of voice (compare וְ 1 f; Ew§ 324 a Ges«GKC:150»§ 150. 1 Dr1Sam 11:12): Jonah 4:11 ׳אַתָּה חַסְתָּוַ֗֗֗אֲנִי לֹא אָחוּס וג, Job 2:10; Job 22:11; Exod 8:22; 2Kgs 5:26; Jer 49:9 (|| Obad 1:5 הֲלוֺא), Mal 2:15; Lam 3:38 and in passages, exegesis or text. doubtful (see Commentaries), 1Sam 20:14; 2Sam 23:5 (but see Bu), Hos 10:9 (Ew We), Hos 11:5 (Ew), Job 14:16b (but ᵐ5 Ew Di תַעֲבֹר), Lam 1:12 (Ew Ke), Lam 3:36 (Ke Bä).
  b. with adjectives and substantive:
   (a) Gen 2:18 לֹא טוֺב הֱֶיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדֹּו not good is man's being alone, Exod 18:17 + often
   (b) Exod 4:16 לֹא אִישׁ דְּבָרִים אָנֹכִי, Amos 7:14 לא נביא אנכי, Num 23:9 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב, Deut 17:15 (see אשׁר
2. b) Deut 20:20; Deut 32:47; 1Sam 15:29; 2Sam 18:20 לֹא אִישׁ בְּשׂרָה אַתָּה הַיּוֺם, 2Sam 21:2; 1Kgs 22:33; 2Kgs 6:19 לא זִה הדרך, Mic 2:10; Isa 27:11; Hos 8:6 והמה לא אלהים Jer 2:11; Jer 16:20; 2Kgs 19:18; 1Kgs 19:11 (twice in verse) לֹא ׳בָרַעַשׁ י, Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13; Job 15:9; Job 28:14 לֹא בִי הִיא (|| אֵין עִמָּדִי)s, Ps 74:9; Jer 5:10 המה ׳לוא לי, Jer 10:16; Deut 32:21 בָּנִים לֹא אֵמוּן בָּם, Jer 10:14; Hab 1:14; Job 16:17; Job 38:26 מִדְבָּר לֹא אָדָם בּוֺ; 1Kgs 22:17 לֹא אֲדֹנִים לָאֵלֶּה, Jer 49:31; Ps 22:3 וְלֹא דוּמִיָּה לִי, Job 18:17; Job 18:19; Job 29:12 ולא עֹזֵר לו, Job 30:13; Job 33:9; Jer 2:19 וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ and (that) my terror reached not unto thee, Job 21:9 absolute Gen 29:7 לֹאעֵֿתִ הֵאָסֵף הַמִּקְנֶה (Hag 1:2), Num 20:5; 2Kgs 4:23 לא חדשׁ ולא שׁבת, Isa 44:9; Jer 5:12 ויאמרו לוא הוא, Job 9:32; Job 22:16; Job 36:26; Job 41:2; Prov 19:7 (si vera lectio) מְרַדֵּף אֲמָרִים לֹאהֵֿמָּה words which are not, which are nought.
   (c) with the participle לֹא is rare, a finite verb being usually preferred (Exod 34:7 וְנַקִּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה: Ew§ 320 c Dr§ 162): 2Sam 3:34 יָדֶיךָ לֹא אֲסֻרוֺת, Ezek 4:14; Ezek 22:24; Deut 28:61; Ps 38:15 כְּאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר לֹא שֹׁמֵעַ who is not hearing, Job 12:3; Job 13:2 לֹא נֹפֵל אָנֹכִי מִכֶּם, Zeph 3:5 (very anomalous); 1Kgs 10:21 לא is probably textual error In וְהוּא לֹא שׂנֵא לוֺ or לא שׂנא הוא לו, Deut 4:42; Deut 19:4; Deut 19:6; Josh 20:5 (compare אֹיֵב Num 35:23), שׂנֵא is best construed as a substantive, he being a not-hater to him afore-time. — In most of the cases under b, c, אין could have been employed; but the negation by לֹא is more pointed and forcible.

2. Not in predication:
  a. coupled to an adjective to negative it, like the Greek ἀ‐, but usually by way of litotes: Hos 13:13 בן לאחֿכם an unwise son, Ps 36:5 דֶּרֶךְ לֹא טוֺב a way not good, Ps 43:1 גוי לא חסיד, Prov 16:29; Prov 30:25; Prov 30:26; Ezek 20:25; 2Chr 30:17 : Isa 16:14 לוֺא כַבִּיר, compare Isa 10:7 לֹא מְעַט.
  b. with a participle Jer 2:2 ארץ לא זרועה, Jer 18:15 (the finite verb is more common: see Isa 62:12 עִיר לֹא נֱעֶזָ֫בָה (compare Isa 54:11), Jer 6:8 אֶרֶץ לוֺא נוֺשָׁ֫בָה, Jer 15:18; Jer 22:6; Jer 31:18; Zeph 2:1).
  c. Gen 15:13 בארץ לא להם, Jer 5:19; Hab 1:6 מִשְׁכָּנוֺת לֹאלֿוֺ, Prov 26:17 רִיב לֹאלֿוֺ.
  d. with a substantive, in poetry, forming a kind of compound, expressing pointedly its antithesis or negation (German un- is sometimes used similarly): Deut 32:5(?). 17. 21 a they made me jealous בְּלֹא אֵל with a not-God (with what in no respect deserved the name of God), vb בְּלֹא עָם i.e. with an unorganized horde, Amos 6:13 הַשְּׂמֵחִים לְלֹא דָבָר i.e. at a thing which is not, an unreality (of their boasted strength), Isa 10:15 כְּהָרִים מַטֶּה לֹא עֵץ like a rod's lifting up what is no wood (but the agent wielding it), Isa 31:8 חרב לא אישׁ, חרב לא אדם, Isa 55:2 בלוא לחם for what is not bread, בלוא לשׂבעה for what is not for satiety, Jer 5:7 וַיּשָּֽׁבְעוּ בְּלֹא אֱלֹהִים by not-gods, in late prose 2Chr 13:9 כֹּהֵן לְלֹא אֱלֹהִים; Ps 44:13 תִּמְכֹּר עַמְּךָ בְּלֹאהֿוֺן for no-value (i.e. cheaply), Prov 13:23; Job 10:12 צלמות וְלֹא סְדָרִים darkness and disorder; so לֹאעַֿמִּי Hos 1:9; Hos 2:25: still more pregnantly Job 26:2 a מֶהעָֿזַרְתָּ לְלֹאכֹֿחַ (poetic for לאשׁר אין לו כח) the powerless, vJob 26:2b; vJob 26:3a (Ew§ 286 g Ges«GKC:152»§ 152. 1 n.), Job 39:16 הִקְשִׁיחַ בָּנֶיהָ לְלֹא לָהּ useth hardly her young ones (making them) into none of hers; and even Hab 2:6 הַמַּרְבֶּה לֹאלֿוֺ what is not his own (compare Job 18:15 מִבְּלִי לוֺ). compare with a verb, and ellipse of אשׁר, Isa 65:1 לְלֹא שָׁאָ֑לוּ to those who have not asked, vb Jer 2:8 אַחֲרִי לֹא יוֺעִילוּ, vJer 2:11b; also לֹא רֻחָ֫מָה Hos 1:6; Hos 1:8; Hos 2:25, and probably Job 31:31 לֹא נִשְׂבָּ֑ע (perfect in p.) one not satisfied.
  e. in circumstantial clauses (Dr§ 164), in poetry and rare: qualifying a substantive, 2Sam 23:4 בֹּקֶר לֹא עָבוֺת a morning without clouds, Job 12:24 בְּתֹהוּ לֹא דֶרֶךְ in a pathless waste, Job 38:26a; and a verb Job 34:24 יָרֹעַ כַּבִּרִים לֹא חֵקֶר without inquiry, Ps 59:4 לא פשׁעי ולא חטאתי (compare vPs 59:4 בלי עון), in late prose, twice, 1Chr 2:30; 1Chr 2:32 וימת לא בנים (אֵין and בְּלִי, q. v., are more usual in such cases).

3. Once (according to many MSS), as a substantive, Job 6:21 כִּיעַֿתָּה הֱיִיתֶם לֹא for now are ye become nothing, Hi De Kö (compare Dan 4:32 (Aramaic) כְּלָה חֲשִׁיבִין, ᵑ7 here כְּלָא הֲוֵיתוּן, and אַל Job 24:25); but reading fluctuates (Orientals לֹא, Qr לו, Westerns, Baer (see pp. 37, 56) לוֺ ['now are ye become that,' namely the נַחַל אַכְזָב of vJob 24:15]; but even לוֺ yields a forced sense; and text is probably wrong: Mich Ew Ol Sgf Bu כֵּןלִ֗֗֗י (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 also read לִי); Bö Di כִּילְ֗֗֗אָ֑יִן. compare Köii. 1. 236 f.
4. With prefixes: —
  a. בְּלֹא31 (chiefly in poetry or late), according to the varying significance of בְּ:
   (a) usually with not = without, Jer 22:13 בונה ביתו בלאֿ צדק without justice (|| בלא משׁפט; so Ezek 22:29; Prov 16:8), Isa 55:1 (twice in verse); Prov 19:2; Job 8:11 הֲיִגְאֶהגֹּֿמֶא בְּלֹא בִצָּה without mire || כלי מים, Job 30:28 בְּלֹא חַמָּה (=not through the sun), Lam 1:6 וילכו בלאכֿח, Num 35:22 בְּלֹא אֵיבָה ֗֗֗ בְּלֹא צְדִיָּה, vNum 35:23 (followed by infinitive) בְּלֹא רְאוֺת, 2Chr 21:20; Eccl 10:11; Ps 17:1 תְּפִלָּתִי בְּלֹא שִׂפְתֵי מִרְמָה; used more freely in Chronicles, 1Chr 12:18 בְּלֹא חָמָס בְּכַפָּֽי׃, v.1Chr 12:34 בְּלֹא לֵב וָלֵב, 2Chr 30:18 בְּלֹא כַכָּתוּב. With ellipse of rel., Lam 4:14 בְּלֹא יוּכְלוּ יִגְּעוּ without (that) men are able to touch, etc.
   (b) of time, in not, i.e. outside of, Lev 15:25 בלא עֶתנִֿדָּתָהּ, before Job 15:32 בלאיֿומו, Eccl 7:17 בְּלֹא עִתֶּךְ׃.
   (c) where לֹא belongs to the following word, and is only accidentally preceded by ב (see above 2 d), Deut 32:21 (twice in verse); Jer 5:7; Prov 13:23 בלא משׁפט through injustice; with בְּ pretii, Ps 44:13; Isa 55:2 (twice in verse); Jer 2:11 בְּלוֺא יוֺעִיל for (that which) profiteth not.


  b. הֲלֹא nonne ? Gen 4:7 + often Inviting, as it does, an affirmative answer, it is often used,
   (a) especially in conversation, for pointing to a fact in such a way as to arouse the interest of the person addressed, or to win his assent: Gen 13:19 Is not the whole land before thee ? Gen 19:20; Gen 20:5; Gen 27:36; Gen 29:25; Exod 4:11 Who maketh dumb or deaf, etc. Do not I ? Exod 33:16; Judg 4:6; Judg 4:14; Judg 8:2; Judg 9:28; Judg 9:38; 1Sam 9:20; 1Sam 9:21; 1Sam 15:17 etc.; with a verb in 1 person, Josh 1:9 הלא צויתיך, Judg 6:14 הלא שׁלחתיך, 1Sam 20:30; 2Sam 19:23; Ruth 2:9: similarly in a poetical or rhetorical style, Judg 5:30 הלא ימצאו יחלקו שׁלל, Isa 8:19; Isa 10:8; Isa 10:9; Isa 10:11; Isa 28:25; Isa 29:17; Isa 40:21; Isa 40:23; Isa 42:24; Isa 43:19 etc., Job 4:6; Job 4:21; Job 7:1; Job 10:10; Job 10:20, etc. (β) it has a tendency to become little more than an affirm. particle, declaring with some rhetorical emphasis what is, or might be, well known: Deut 3:11 הֲלֹה הִיא בְרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֺן, Deut 11:30; 1Sam 21:12 הלוא ׳זה דוד וג (compare 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:5; 2Sam 11:3), 2Sam 23:19; 2Sam 26:1; 2Sam 15:35 it is thus nearly = הִנֵּה (ᵐ5 sometimes represents it by ιδου, as Josh 1:9; Judg 6:14; Ruth 2:9; 2Sam 15:35); so especially in the phrase of the compiler of Kings, And the rest of the acts of . . ., הֲלֹא הֵם (הֵמָּה) כְּתוּבִים are they not written in, etc. ? 1Kgs 11:41; 1Kgs 14:29 + often (with which there interchanges הִנָּם כְּתוּבִים 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 15:11; 2Kgs 15:26; 2Kgs 15:31, which is generally used by the Chronicles, 2Chr 16:11; 2Chr 20:34, etc.), Josh 10:13 (compare 2Sam 1:18 הִנֵּה), 1Kgs 8:53 ᵐ5, Esth 10:2; Ps 56:14 (strangely: contr. Ps 116:8). — הֲלֹא הִנֵּה Hab 2:13; 2Chr 25:26 (הִנָּם). — On Judg 14:15, see הֲ 1 end.


  c. וָלֹ֕א and not=and if not, 2Sam 13:26; 2Kgs 5:17. compare וָּיֵשׁ.
  d. כְּלוֺא Obad 1:16 והיו כלוא היו, poetic for כאשׁר, as though they had not been.


  e. לְלֹא without, literally in the condition of no . . . 2Chr 15:3 (compare לְאֵין, also in Chronicles). Elsewhere לא belongs to the following word, Amos 6:13; 2Chr 13:9; Isa 65:1 (twice in verse); Job 26:2; Job 26:3; Job 39:16 (see above 2 d).

Note. — Fifteen times, according to Masora (see DePs 100. 3 FrMM 247 StrProl. Cr. 84), לא is written by error for לוֺ, namely Exod 21:8; Lev 11:21; Lev 25:30; 1Sam 2:3; 2Sam 16:18; 2Kgs 8:10; Isa 9:2; Isa 63:9; Ps 100:3; Ps 139:16; Job 13:15; Job 41:4; Prov 19:7; Prov 26:2; Ezra 4:2 (always with Qr לוֺ). The passages must be considered each upon its own merits: in some לוֺ yields a preferable sense; but this is not the case in all. There is the same קרי (rightly) on Isa 49:5; 1Chr 11:20 but these were not considered to rest upon equal authority, and are hence not reckoned with the fifteen. — In Judg 21:22 (see GFM), 1Sam 13:13; 1Sam 20:14 (twice in verse), and in Job 9:33 לֹא יֵשׁ, read probably לֻא for לֹא.

BDB4344 H3808

BDB4343 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4345

לוֺ (Kt 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2), לוֺא, see לֹא.

BDB9632 H3808 H3809

BDB9631 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9633

לָא (לָה Dan 4:32) adverb not (Biblical Hebrew לא; Aramaic of Têma, Egyptian, etc., לא; Nerab ל (Lzb301 CookG1. 67); ᵑ7 לָא; Syriac ); — not Jer 10:11; Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:10, etc.; before a participle (so rarely in Biblical Hebrew, 1 b c), Dan 2:27; Dan 2:43; Dan 3:16; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15 +, so v.Dan 4:32 וְכָלדָּֿאְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּלָה חֲשׁיבִין; are as men not accounted of (so Bev Behrm Marti, compare Isa 53:8 ᵑ7 בסירין ולא חשׁיבין; > most 'accounted as nothing,' for which no analogy, yet compare Ps 39:6 ᵑ7); followed by אִיתַי, see אִיתַי. With infinitive and לְ Dan 6:9 דִּי לָא לִהַשְׁנָיָה which it is not to alter = which is not to be altered (compare v.Dan 6:16), Ezra 6:8 (K§ 67, 1 Dr§ 202, 2.; compare Isa 35:6 ᵑ7, DAramaic Dialektproben, p. 1). With interr. הֲלָא Dan 3:24; Dan 4:27; Dan 6:13.

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

BDB9639 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9641

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke217, 219, 241 S-CPap. C 6, 7 +; lâinnî, however SocArab. Dial. see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
  a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
  b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.
2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

Strong's Definition H3808
not, no, neither, nor, none, …
lōʾ
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
  • not, no
    • not (with verb—absolute prohibition)
      • "not (with modifier—negation)"nothing (subst)"without (with particle)"before (of time)
Variations 44 forms of this word
Translations 881 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
יַעַצָרְ כָה
יַעַצָרְ
Root word up, stayed, retained, shut, detain, …
כָה
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: עָצָר · aw-TSAWR
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vqi3ms/Sp2ms
Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"
יַעַצָרְ Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Imperfect (Yiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
כָה Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Second Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: stop
shut up ×5 was stayed ×5 and him that is shut up ×3 is shut up ×2 may be stayed ×2 am shut up ×1 and he shut up ×1 and i retained ×1
More options
restrain — Most versatile; suits holding back people or forces.
withhold — Best when an object (rain, blessing) is kept back.
detain — Prefer for holding a person against their will.
shut in — Spatial or physical confinement; updates 'shut up'.
stop — Vivid for halting movement or a process abruptly.
hold back — Colloquial; good for restraining emotion or impulse.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB6302 H6113

BDB6301 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6303

עָצַר46 verb restrain, retain (Late Hebrew id.; compare probably Assyrian eƒêru, retain, restrain, DlHWB 122 JägerBAS i. 483 Zehnpfib. 500; Ethiopic press, Arabic ; ᵑ7 עֲצַר Syriac id.);

**compare Assyrian usƒurtu, taboo SACJA, 1904, 754. —
Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע Gen 20:18 +, suffix עֲצָרַנִי Gen 16:2 1 singular יָצַרְתִּי Dan 10:8; Dan 10:16 etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעְצֹר 1Sam 9:17 +, יַעְצָרֿ 2Chr 2:5 suffix יַעֲצָרְכָה 1Kgs 18:44, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָצֹר Gen 20:18, construct לַעִצֹר 2Chr 22:9, וַעְצֹר Job 4:2 (Ges«GKC:28b»§ 28b); Passive participle עָצוּר Jer 33:1 +, etc.; —
1. restrain, with accusative of person Gen 16:2 (J; + מִן, i.e. prevent), עָצֹר עָצַר בְּעֵד כָּלרֶֿחֶם Gen 20:18 (E), compare absolute Isa 66:9 (opposed to מוֺלִיד); followed by infinitive 2Kgs 4:24 with accusative of person alone 1Kgs 18:44 hinder, stop; with accusative of sky (hindering rain) Deut 11:17; 2Chr 7:13 passive participle absolute shut up, or hindered (for reasons not given) Jer 36:5; Neh 6:10 (? by a vow, or by ceremonial uncleanness, compare RsSem i. 436 f., 2nd ed. 455 f.); = shut up (with ב, in prison) 2Kgs 17:4, passive participle Jer 33:1; Jer 39:15, figurative Jer 20:9 on עָצוּר וְעָזוּב (5 t.) see I. עזב; עֲצֻרָה לָנוּ 1Sam 21:6 women have been kept away with reference to us (compare RSl.c.); עָצוּר מִפְּנֵי 1Chr 12:1 kept away from before Saul; = detain, with accusative Judg 13:15; Judg 13:16 in Job with בְּ, בְּמִלִּין ׳ע Job 4:2, compare Job 29:9, so בַּמַּיִם Job 12:5 בְּעַמִּי ׳ע 1Sam 9:17 is rule over, etc. (si vera lectio); insert also (with other words) 1Sam 10:1 ᵐ5 We Dr and others
2. (late) retain, with accusative כֹּחַ 2Chr 13:20; 2Chr 22:9; Dan 10:8; Dan 10:16; Dan 11:6 + infinitive = be able to 1Chr 29:14; 2Chr 2:5 omit כֹּחַ 2Chr 14:10 (+ עִמְּךָ), 2Chr 20:37 (+ infinitive). Niph`al be restrained, stayed, of plague: Perfect 3 feminine singular נֶעֱצָ֑רָה Num 17:15 Imperfect 3 feminine singular תֵּעָצַר 2Sam 24:27 = 1Chr 21:22, וַתֵּעָצַר Num 17:13; Num 25:8 (P) 2Sam 24:25; Ps 106:30 be shut up (of sky), Infinitive construct בְּהֵעָצֵר 1Kgs 8:35 = 2Chr 6:26 be under restraint or detention Participle נֶעְצָר 1Sam 21:8 + ׳לִפְחנֵי י (? i.e. kept by a vow, compare HPS and Neh 6:10 above).

Strong's Definition H6113
up, stayed, retained, shut, detain, …
ʿāṣār
to inclose; by analogy, to hold back; also to maintain, rule, assemble
  • to restrain, retain, close up, shut, withhold, refrain, stay, detain
    • (Qal)
      • to restrain, halt, stop
        • "to retain
      (Niphal) to be restrained, be stayed, be under restraint
Variations 30 forms of this word
Translations 34 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
הַ גָּֽשֶׁם
הַ
Prefix — article the
גָּֽשֶׁם
Root word rain, shower, showers
Dictionary form: גֶּשֶׁם · ɡeh-SHEM
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Td/Ncmsa
Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state
הַ Speech Particle Type Definite Article
גָּֽשֶׁם Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: that the rain
rain ×13 the rain ×5 of rain ×3 and the rain ×2 shower ×2 and for the great rain ×1 and i will cause the shower ×1 for rain ×1
More options
rain — Most versatile; fits nearly every context.
rainfall — Emphasizes the event or quantity of rain.
shower — Suggests a briefer, more localized downpour.
downpour — Conveys intensity; good for heavy or dramatic rain.
rainstorm — Highlights storm context; use when severity is implied.
precipitation — Technical/formal register; rarely fits poetic texts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1776 H1653

BDB1775 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1777

II. גֶּ֫שֶׁם noun masculineGen 7:12 rain, shower (Late Hebrew id., connected with above √ dubious) — absolute ׳ג Gen 7:12 +; גָּ֑שֶׁם 1Kgs 18:41 +; construct גֶּשֶׁם Job 37:6 (twice in verse) +; plural גְּשָׁמִים Ezek 10:9; Ezek 10:13 construct גִּשְׁמֵי Ezek 34:26 suffix גִּשְׁמֵיכֶם Lev 26:4 גִּשְׁמֵיהֶם Ps 105:32 — rain, shower Gen 7:12; Gen 8:2 (both J) Lev 26:4 (H) Hos 6:3; Amos 4:7; Jer 5:24; Jer 14:4; Isa 44:14; Isa 55:10; Ezek 1:28; Joel 2:23 (|| מוֺרֶה, מַלְקוֺשׁ); 1Kgs 17:7; 1Kgs 17:14; 1Kgs 18:45 (׳ג גדול) 2Kgs 3:17; Prov 25:14; Prov 25:23; Eccl 11:3; Song 2:11; Ps 105:32, ׳וּמֵהַגּ Ezra 10:9 and because of the rains, compare vEzra 10:13 ׳קוֺל הֲמוֺן הַגּ 1Kgs 18:41 compare v1Kgs 18:44; Zech 14:17; Eccl 12:2 גֶּשֶׁם מִטְרוֺת עֻזּוֺ ׳מָטָ֑ר וְג Job 37:6 מְטַרגֶּֿשֶׁם Zech 10:1 compare נְדָבוֺת ׳ג Ps 68:10 figurative of blessing Ezek 34:26, בְּרָכָה ׳ג vEzek 34:26 of destruction שֹׁטֵף ׳ג Ezek 13:11; Ezek 13:13 compare Ezek 38:22.

BDB9421 H1653 H1655

BDB9420 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9422

[גְּשֵׁם] noun masculineDan 4:30 body (see √ גשׁם in Biblical Hebrew; ᵑ7J גּוּשְׁמָא, גִּשְׁמָא (DWB 83), Syriac , body, self); — body of man, suffix גִּשְׁמֵהּ Dan 4:30; Dan 5:21, so plural suffix גַּשְׁמַיהוֺן (K§ 15 a) Dan 3:27. 28, both Kt, Qr singular גֶּשְׁמֵהוֺן (K§ 54, 3 b)).

Strong's Definition H1653
rain, shower, showers
gešem
a shower
  • rain, shower
Variations 12 forms of this word
Translations 15 English renderings
1 Kings 18:43
Read 1 Kings 18
1 Kings 18:45