1 Samuel 1:17

וַ יַּ֧עַן

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יַּ֧עַן

Root word answered, answer, hear, heard, testify, …

Dictionary form: עָנָה · aw-NAW

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: answered

answered ×104 then answered ×20 and answered ×16 answer ×15 hear ×15 will answer ×6 and he answered ×5 and they answered ×4

More options

answer — Most versatile; fits narrative, dialogue, and legal contexts.

respond — Slightly more formal; good for measured or official replies.

reply — Conversational register; suits quick, informal exchanges.

testify — Prefer in legal or courtroom contexts; witness-bearing sense.

speak up — Captures the sense of raising one's voice or calling out.

declare — For solemn, public, or proclamatory utterances.

BDB5887 H6030

[עוּן] verb dwell (probably; √ of following; Arabic , is support, help, see especially Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. 87 ff.}); —

Qal Perfect 3 feminine singular consecutive וְעָנָה֫ (read וְעָ֫נָה ?) Isa 13:22 and jackals shall dwell, etc. (on agreement see Ges^{«GKC:145k»§ 145k}; || שׁכן vIsa 13:21), so ᵐ5 Buhl; Che^Heb.Hpt.124 וְשָֽׁכְנוּ; > ᵑ6 ᵑ7 ᵑ9 and others √ IV. ענה. — Ps 87:7 see מַעְיָן.

BDB6195 H6030

I. עָנָה verb answer, respond (Late Hebrew id., respond, make response; ᵑ7 עֲנָא; Syriac , Old Aramaic, Palmyrene ענה; compare Arabic , , intend by saying); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע Mic 6:5 +; suffix עָנַנִי 1Sam 28:15 +, עָנָךְ Isa 30:19; Jer 23:37, עָנָהוּ 1Sam 9:17 +; 1 singular עָנִיתִי Hos 14:9, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲנֶה Gen 41:16 +, וַיַּעַן Amos 7:14 +, suffix יַעֲנֵנִי Job 20:3 +, etc.; Imperative עֲנֵה Mic 6:3; Prov 26:5 etc.; Infinitive construct עֲנוֺת Gen 45:3 + [2Sam 22:36 see עֲנָוָה]; Participle עֹנֶה Judg 19:28 +, etc.; —

1. answer, respond to something said, actual or implied, Judg 8:8; 1Sam 4:20; Job 9:15 +; especially
a. of men, with accusative of person Gen 45:3 (E), Judg 5:29; 2Kgs 18:36 = Isa 36:21; Job 5:1 + very often (c. 110 t.); specifically be responsive, i.e. answer kindly, grant request 1Kgs 12:7 (suffix person); = be amenable, docile (toward ׳י) Hos 2:17 (of Israel in figure); seldom and late, with accusative of thing replied to, Job 32:12; Job 33:13 (De Di Bu), Job 40:2.
b. of God answering (graciously): usually with accusative of person; by oracle 1Sam 14:37; 1Sam 28:6; 1Sam 28:15 +, figurative Hab 2:11 by deed 1Sam 7:9; 1Kgs 18:37 (twice in verse), compare בָּאֵשׁ v1Kgs 18:24; 1Chr 21:26, and especially Hos 2:23; Hos 2:24; Hos 14:9, see also Mic 3:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 49:8; Jer 33:3; Job 12:4 +, especially Psalms, e.g. Job 3:5; Job 4:2; Job 20:2 + 33 t., etc. (in all approximately 77 t.).
c. rarely with accusative, or clause, of answer: אֶתשְֿׁלוֺם פַּרְעֹה ׳אלהים יַע Gen 41:16; Job 15:2; Prov 18:23; Neh 8:6 they responded, Amen ! 2Sam 19:43 they made reply against Israel (with עַל against, only here), + quoted answer; with accusative of person + answer 1Sam 20:28 Jonathan answered Saul, David asked leave, etc.; with 2. accusative (c. 20 t.) 2Kgs 18:36 = Isa 36:21; Job 23:5 +; so = grant, vouchsafe to, נוֺרָאוֺת תַּעֲנֵנוּ Ps 65:6 terrible things dost thou [׳י] vouchsafe to us.
d. often + אָמַר Gen 18:27 Abraham answered and said, Exod 4:1 (J), Exod 19:8 (E), Job 4:1; Job 6:1 etc.; + אָמַר אֶלֿ Gen 27:39 + 16 t.; + לְ ׳א vGen 27:37 + 8 t.; ׳י + accusative of person + אמר, 1Sam 9:8 he answered Saul and said, + 23t. (in all approximately 130 t.); seldom + לֵאמֹר Num 32:31 (P), ׳ע + accusative of person + ׳עא Gen 23:5; Gen 23:10; Gen 23:14 (P), Gen 41:16; Gen 42:22 (E), Josh 1:16 (D) .
e. seldom + דִּבֶּר Josh 22:21 (P), 2Kgs 1:10; 2Kgs 1:11; 2Kgs 1:12 ׳ע + accusative of person + ׳ר Gen 34:13 (P).

2. a. respond to an occasion, speak in view of circumstances : 1Sam 9:17 (accusative of person + quotation), Judg 18:14 ( + אָמַר), Num 11:28 (J E; + id.), 2Kgs 1:11 (+ id.), + 19 t. b figurative יַעֲנֶה אֶתהַֿכֹּל Eccl 10:19 money meets all demands.

3. a. specifically respond as a witness, testify, so perhaps participleעֹנֶה (absolute) Mal 2:12 (in good sense); with בְּ person= in the case of = for Gen 30:33 usually against, 1Sam 12:3; 2Sam 1:16; Isa 3:9; Isa 59:12; Mic 6:3; Jer 14:7; Num 35:30 (P), Ruth 1:21 (>Be be occupied with, II.ענה; Vrss Luth Kit^Kau עִנָּה humiliate); with בְּפָנָיו Hos 5:5; Hos 7:10; Job 16:8 with לְפָנָיו Deut 31:21 (+ לְעֵד as witness); with בְּ person + accusative of charge, סָרָה Deut 19:16, of false witness שֶׁקֶר vDeut 19:18, עֵדשֶֿׁקֶר Exod 20:16 (Ginsb vExod 20:13), || Deut 5:17; Prov 25:18: absolute (bad implication) Exod 23:2 (E; עַל concerning).
b. less often make response as one accused (respondent) Job 9:14; Job 9:15. Niph`al 1. make answer, subject ׳י, with ל person, Perfect 1 singular נַעֲנֵיתִי Ezek 14:4 Participle נַעֲנֶה (Qal not in Ezekiel).

2. be answered: Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָנֶה,
a. Job 11:2 (subject words).
b. of man = receive answer Prov 21:3, so 1 singular אֵעָנֶה Job 19:7. Hiph`il Participle מַעֲנֶה בְּשִׂמְחַת לִבּוֺ Eccl 5:19, wholly dubious; Hi (God) causes (all things) to respond in the joy of his heart; De answers to the joy, etc.; de Jong Wild occupies him (II. עָנָה) with the joy, etc.

BDB6216 H6030

IV. עָנָה verb sing (Arabic sing, chant, singing, chanting, etc.; Syriac sing responsively, hymn, refrain; possibly Assyrian enû, resound (?); Egyptian anni is loan-word according to Bondi⁸⁰); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular וְעָנוּ consecutive Jer 51:14 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעַנֶה Jer 25:30 3 feminine singular וַתַּעַן Exod 15:21 3 feminine plural וַתַּעֲנֶינָה 1Sam 18:7, etc.; Imperative עֱנוּ Num 21:17; Ps 147:7 Infinitive construct עֲנוֺת Exod 32:18 (twice in verse); — sing, utter tunefully, Exod 15:21 (E) and Miriam sang to (ל) them; of uttering shout (הֵידָד), as in vintage Jer 25:30 (׳י subject; + אֶלֿ person), in attack Jer 51:14 (+ עַלֿ person); (חֲלוּשָׁה) קוֺל עֲנוֺת גְּבוּרָה Exod 32:18 (twice in verse) (E); with ל of thing or person laudation Num 21:17 (J E; well); Ps 147:7 (׳י; || זַמְּרוּ), Ezra 3:11 + אָמַר 1Sam 18:7 the women sang, and said; יַעֲנוּ בַמְּחֹלוֺת לֵאמֹר 1Sam 21:12; 1Sam 29:5 with accusative of thing laudation Ps 119:172 (compare || vPs 119:171). — Isa 14:22 see עון Pi`el intensive: Imperative עַנּוּלָֿהּ Isa 27:2 sing sweetly of it; Infinitive קוֺל עַנּוֺת Exod 32:18 (E) the sound of distinct singing; compare לְעַנּוֺת Ps 88:1.

BDB9780 H6030 H6032

I. [עֲנָה] verb answer (see Biblical Hebrew I. עָנָה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 feminine singular עֲנַת Dan 5:10 3 masculine plural עֲנוֺ Dan 2:7 +; Participle active (עֲנָה Nö^{GGA, 1884, 1021}) עָנֵה Dan 2:5 +, plural עָנַיִן (K^{§ 47 Beisp. e})) Dan 3:24 — always + אמר Participle, answered and said (ל [or קֳדָם] person usually following אדר; following ׳ע Dan 2:10; Dan 2:27; Dan 2:47): —

1. answer, make reply, to something said: Dan 2:5; Dan 2:7; Dan 2:8; Dan 2:10; Dan 2:27; Dan 3:16; Dan 3:24; Dan 3:25; Dan 4:16 b Dan 5:17; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:14.

2. respond to occasion, speak in view of a situation: Dan 2:15; Dan 2:20; Dan 2:26; Dan 3:9; Dan 3:14; Dan 3:19; Dan 3:24; Dan 3:26; Dan 3:28; Dan 4:16a; Dan 4:27; Dan 5:10.

answered, answer, hear, heard, testify, …

ʿānâ

properly, to eye or (generally) to heed, i.e., pay attention; by implication, to respond; by extension to begin to speak; specifically to sing, shout, testify, announce

to answer, respond, testify, speak, shout

(Qal)

to answer, respond to

to make answer

עֵלִ֛י

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Then eli")

Dictionary form: עֵלִי · ay-LEE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: then eli

eli ×13 of eli ×7 now eli ×3 and eli ×2 then eli ×2 therefore eli ×2 and when eli ×1 me and eli ×1

More options

Eli — Standard proper name; use in all narrative contexts.

the priest Eli — Clarifies role when first introducing the character.

Eli the high priest — Specifies office for readers unfamiliar with the narrative.

old Eli — Suitable when age or frailty is contextually emphasized.

BDB6071 H5941

עֵלִי proper name, masculine Eli, priest at Shiloh 1Sam 1:3 ( + v1Sam 1:3 ᵐ5 Th Klo HPS), v1Sam 1:9 v1Sam 1:12 + 28 t. 1-4 + 1Sam 14:3; 1Kgs 2:27 Ηλει.

eli, elis

ʿēlî

ascension

Eli, an Israelite highpriest

descendant of Aaron through Ithamar and high priest and judge of Israel when Samuel entered service as a child

וַ יֹּ֖אמֶר

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יֹּ֖אמֶר

Root word said, saying, saith, say, spake, …

Dictionary form: אָמַר · aw-MAHR

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and said

said ×947 saying ×718 and said ×688 saith ×527 and he said ×343 then said ×139 say ×122 and say ×119

More options

say — Most versatile; fits nearly any context or register.

declare — Emphasizes formal or authoritative pronouncement.

tell — Prefer when communication to an audience is stressed.

speak — Highlights the act of oral expression itself.

command — Use when the utterance carries directive force.

think — Fits internal or reflective speech contexts.

BDB557 H559

אָמַר₅₂₈₇ verb utter, say (MI, Phoenician אמר, Aramaic אֲמַר, Ethiopic I. 2 shew, declare, Arabic command; perhaps √ אמר originally = be or make prominent, hence Hithpa`el below, אָמִיר; Sabean אמר lofty, epithet of king JHMordtm^{ZMG 1876, 37}; compare Dl^{Pr 28} who thinks original meaning hell, sichtbar sein, whence Assyrian amâru, see, & shew, declare, say) — Qal Perfect ׳א Gen 3:1 +, etc.; Imperfect יאֹמַר Gen 31:8 +; וַיּאֹ֫מֶר Gen 1:3 +; וַיּאֹמַ֑ר Gen 14:19 +; in Job always וַיּאֹ֑מַר Job 3:2 +; 3 feminine singular תּאֹמַר Gen 21:12 +; תּאֹמֵר֑ Prov 1:21 1 singular אֹמַר Gen 22:2 +; אוֺמְרָה Ps 42:10 וָאֹמַר Gen 20:13 +; וָאוֺמַר Neh 2:7; Neh 2:17; Neh 2:20 3 masculine plural יאֹמְדוּ Exod 4:1 + etc.; suffix יֹמְרוּךָ Ps 139:20 2 masculine plural תֹּמְדוּ 2Sam 19:14 ( compare Kö^{i. p. 385}); Imperative (אֱמָרֿ) אֱמֹר Gen 45:17 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute אָמוֺר Exod 21:5 +; construct אֱמֹר Ezek 25:8 +; (הַ)אֲמֹר Job 34:18 but read הָאֹמֵר ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Di, or better הֶאָמֹר Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative compare Ew :§ 328 d; suffix אָמְרִי Josh 6:10 +; אֲמָרְכֶם Jer 23:38 אֱמָרְכֶם Mal 1:7 +; לֵאמֹר Gen 1:22 +, etc.; Participle active אֹמֵר Gen 32:10 +, etc.; passive הֶאָמוּר Mic 2:7, but this grammatically indefensible, read הֶאָמוֺר, Infinitive absolute with ה interrogative, see Dr^{Expositor, April, 1887, 263}.

1. Say (subject God Gen 3:1 + or man Gen 32:5, serpent Gen 3:1, ass Num 22:28, horse יאֹמַר הֶאָח Job 39:25 etc.; inanimate things, personified Job 28:14 compare vJob 28:22 etc.; so in allegory or fable Judg 9:8; 2Kgs 14:9 etc.; especially in narration, וַיּאֹמֶר etc., Gen 4:6 + very often): mostly followed by thing said, either substantive Jer 14:17 (c. clause app.) Deut 27:16f.; Judg 12:6 pronoun Gen 44:16; 2Kgs 20:14 +; or (usually) clause Gen 1:3; Gen 3:1; Gen 37:20 + often (oratio recta [direct speech]); with adverb thus, so Gen 32:5; Num 20:14; 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 + often; especially ׳כֹּה אָמַר י Exod 5:1; Exod 7:17; Exod 8:1; Exod 8:20; 1Chr 17:4 + often; the person addressed usually introduced by אֶל Gen 3:1; Gen 15:7; Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; 2Sam 3:7; 1Kgs 12:5; 1Kgs 12:23, or לְ Gen 3:13; Gen 4:15; 1Sam 20:2; 2Sam 2:21; 1Kgs 14:2 + often; rarer combinations are, בְּאָזְנֵי ׳א Isa 49:20 (compare Isa 5:9 & see דבר); לִפְנֵי ׳א Ezek 28:9 לְעֵינֵי ׳א Deut 31:7; Josh 10:12; Jer 28:11 בְּ ׳א Joel 2:17; Ps 126:2, where בְּ local; in all cases usually followed by direct object of words said, Exod 19:25 being very singular; Gen 4:8 the object-clause has probably fallen out, compare Vrss Di; = mention, name, designate Gen 22:2; Gen 22:3; Gen 43:27; Gen 43:29; Exod 32:13; Num 14:40; 1Sam 10:16; 1Sam 16:3; 2Sam 6:22; Neh 6:19 compare Ps 139:20 יֹמְרוּךָ לִמְזִמָּה speak of thee for falsehood (but many, as Hup Pe Dy Che, read יַמְרוּךָ); = tell, declare, proclaim, (followed by direct object only) Ps 40:11; Ezek 13:7 in reply to question = answer Exod 12:27; Josh 4:7; 1Kgs 9:9; Jer 5:19; Jer 22:9. The object spoken of may be referred to by אֶל 2Kgs 19:32; Jer 22:18; Jer 27:19, or לְ Gen 20:13 אִמְרִי לִֹי say of me, etc. Deut 33:9; Judg 9:54; Isa 5:20; Ps 3:3; Ps 71:10, very rarely by a simple accusative Isa 3:10 (where read probably for אִמְרוּ, אַשְׁרֵי), except after אֲשֶׁר where the words used follow (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d) Gen 3:17; Num 10:29; Num 14:31; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 9:17; 1Sam 9:23b 1Kgs 8:29; Lam 4:20 compare Num 21:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4, & (two extreme cases) Isa 8:12; Lam 2:15 (see Dr^{Sm i. 24, 5}); ֶהאָמוּר Mic 2:7 read infinitive absolute with ה interrogative הֶאָמוֺר (see above) shall one say ? shall it be said ? After another verb of saying, introducing thing said: Deut 21:7; Deut 25:9; Deut 27:15; Song 2:10 +, even after אמר Gen 22:7; Lev 21:1; Jer 34:2; Esth 7:5 +; especially infinitive לֵאמֹר, after דבר Gen 8:15, צוה Gen 2:16, ענה Gen 44:16, ברך Gen 1:22, נשׁבע Gen 24:7, נדר Gen 28:20, etc.; after אמר 2Sam 3:18; 1Kgs 12:23; Ruth 4:4; 1Chr 21:18 +; after שׁלח 2Chr 35:21, שׁוּב Gen 32:7 compare also Gen 28:6; Gen 9:5; Gen 13:8; Gen 17:4; Deut 13:7; Judg 8:15; 1Sam 23:2; 1Kgs 13:3; Jer 32:3; Jer 37:9 +; also when subject of לֵאמֹר differs from that of pre-ceding clause Gen 31:1; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:24 etc.; after שׁמע Isa 37:9 = 2Kgs 19:9.

2. Say in the heart (= think) בלבב ׳א Deut 8:17 compare 1Kgs 12:26; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 35:25; Isa 14:13; Isa 47:8; Isa 47:10; Isa 49:21; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18 לִלְבָבָם ׳א Hos 7:2 אֶללִֿבּוֺ ׳א Gen 8:21 said unto his heart (to himself), subject ׳י, compare 1Sam 27:1 אָֽמְרָה נַפֲשִׁי Lam 3:24 thence ׳א alone Gen 20:11; Gen 26:9; Num 24:11; Ruth 4:4; 1Sam 20:26; 2Sam 5:6; 2Sam 12:22; 2Kgs 5:11 followed by clause with כִּי Judg 15:2 in particular = desire מַהתּֿאֹמַר נַפְשְׁךָ 1Sam 20:4 compare Esth 2:13 followed by infinitive = purpose, Exod 2:14 thinkest thou to kill me, as thou killedst the Egyptian ? Josh 22:33; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:19; 2Chr 28:10; 2Chr 28:13 expect 2Sam 21:16 he expected to slay David 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 32:1.

3. Promise (followed by infinitive) 1Chr 27:23; 2Chr 21:7; Esth 4:7 (id. + ל of person) 2Kgs 8:19; Neh 9:15 (followed by accusative of direct object + ל of person + infinitive of purpose) Neh 9:23.

4. Command (especially late) followed by אֶלֿ of per-son addressed, Num 15:38; 1Chr 21:18 followed by ל Josh 11:9; 2Sam 16:11; 2Kgs 4:24; Job 9:7; Ps 106:34 (see below אֲשֶׁר 8 e); followed by infinitive 1Sam 24:11; 1Chr 21:17; 2Chr 1:18; 2Chr 29:27; 2Chr 29:30; 2Chr 31:11; 2Chr 35:21; Esth 1:17; Esth 4:13; Esth 4:15; Esth 6:1; Esth 9:14 followed by infinitive + ל of pers, 2Chr 14:3; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 31:4; followed by accusative direct object 2Chr 29:24 the king commanded the burnt-offering and the sin-offering, compare 1Kgs 5:20; Esth 2:15 followed by clause with אשׁר = that Neh 13:19 id. + ל of person vNeh 13:22 followed by clause with כִּי Job 36:10 absolute 1Sam 16:16 (read however probably יאמרו for יאמר, compare Dr); also Ps 105:31; Ps 105:34; Ps 107:25; 1Chr 14:12; 2Chr 24:8; Neh 13:9; Neh 13:19 (all followed by verb consecutive); command by letter עִםהַֿסֵּפֶר ׳א Esth 9:25 (followed by imperfect); appoint, assign לוֺ ׳לֶחֶם א 1Kgs 11:18 = threaten followed by infinitive Deut 9:25; Ps 106:23. Niph`al Perfect נֶאֱמַר Dan 8:26 Imperfect יֵאָמֵר Gen 22:14 +; יֵאָ֫מֶר לוֺ Isa 4:3 יֵאָמַ֑ר Gen 10:9 +; וַיֵּאָמַ֑ר Josh 2:2 be said, told Gen 10:9; Gen 22:14; Ps 87:5; Jer 4:11; Jer 16:14 (all absolute, indefinite subject, of current saying); so said in a book Num 21:14 be related, told, of vision Dan 8:26 said, told to (followed by ל indirect object) Josh 2:2; Hos 2:1 (twice in verse); Zeph 3:16 either so, or told concerning Num 23:23; Ezek 13:12 (אֶלֿ); יֵאָמֵר לָכֶם = ye shall be called (it shall be said to you) Isa 61:6 (|| תִּקָּרְאוּ), compare Isa 4:3; Isa 19:18; Isa 32:5 (|| יִקָּרֵא ל) Isa 62:4 (twice in verse); hence be called, of Tophet לֹאיֵֿאָמֵר עוֺד הַתֹּפֶת Jer 7:32 subject שֵׁם Gen 32:29; Job 34:31 כִּי אֶלאֵֿל הֶאָמַר, Rabb (compare AV) treat הֵאָמַר as Niph`al Infinitive for לְהֵאָמֵר, but against grammar; the form as it stands is Qal Perfect, אֶלאֵֿל being prefixed to the interrogative for emphasis (compare Jer 22:15; Jer 23:26; Neh 13:27), see Dr^{§ 9} Di and others; Hoffm., however, reads הֵאָמֵר infinitive absolute = imperative 'so must one speak (it be spoken) to God.' Hiph`il Perfect avow, avouch Deut 26:17 הֶאֱמַרְתָּ הַיּוֺם לִהְיוֺת לְךָ לֵאלֹהִים ׳אֶתיֿ; vDeut 26:18 ׳וי הֶאֱמִירְךָ היום להיות לוֺ לְעַם (literally cause to declare, i.e. through agency of Moses; on this & other interpretations see Di). Hithpa`el Imperfect יִתְאַמְּרוּ Ps 94:4 subject כָּלפֹּֿעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן act proudly, boast (|| יַבִּיעוּ יְדַבְּרוּ עָתָק probably also 2 masculine plural תִּתְיַמָּ֑רוּ Isa 61:6 (in good sense, followed by בְּ of thing gloried in) ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 & compare ᵐ5; Ges^Comm. so De Che Kö^{i. 457 f.} (from [ימר] exchange Thes Hi Kn Ew Di; but see ימר, מור).

BDB9309 H560 H559

אֲמַר₇₁ verb say, tell, command (Biblical Hebrew אָמַר); —

Pe Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳א Dan 2:12 +, אֲמַ֑ר Dan 7:1 3 feminine singular אֲמֶ֫רֶר Dan 5:10 (K^{§ 38, 1 a}); 1 singular אַמְרֵת Dan 4:5 1 plural אֲאַ֫רְנָא Dan 5:4; Dan 5:9, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵאמַר (K^{§ 41}) Dan 2:7 +; 2 masculine plural תֵּאמְרוּן Jer 10:11, etc.; Imperative masculine singular אֱמַר Jer 2:4 +; masculine plural אֱמַרוּ Jer 2:9 Infinitive לְמֵאמַר vJer 2:9, לְמֵמַ֑ר Ezra 5:11 (K^{§ 41 a}); Participle אְמַר Dan 2:5 + often, plural אָֽמְרִין Dan 3:4; Ezra 5:3 +; —

1. say (often in phrase answer and say): followed by oratio recta [direct speech] (only), Dan 2:7; Dan 2:10 + 13 t. Daniel; Ezra 5:11 + ל person Dan 2:5; Dan 3:14 + 14 t. Daniel [plural with indefinite subject for passive Dan 4:28], Ezra 5:15 + קְָדָס person Dan 2:9; Dan 5:17; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:14 + כֵּן Dan 4:11; Dan 7:23, כֵּן with ל person Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:24; Dan 2:25; Dan 6:7, compare Dan 7:5 + כְּנֵמָא with ל person Ezra 5:4; Ezra 5:9 + כִּדְנָךְ with ל person Jer 10:11 followed by accusative of thing + עַל person against whom Dan 3:29.

2. relate, tell: followed by accusative of thing Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15; Dan 7:1, + ל person Dan 2:4; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:7; Dan 7:16 (accusative of thing omitted), + קְָדָם person Dan 2:36; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:5.

3. command: followed by infinitive Dan 2:12; Dan 2:46 + 6 t. Daniel; followed by finite verb Dan 5:29; Dan 6:17; Dan 6:23 followed by ל person + or. rect. Dan 3:4 [pl. with indefinite subject, for passive, K^{§ 76 e}, so Dan 4:23].

said, saying, saith, say, spake, …

ʾāmar

to say (used with great latitude)

to say, speak, utter

(Qal) to say, to answer, to say in one's heart, to think, to command, to promise, to intend

לְכִ֣י

Root word go, went, walk, walked, come, …

Dictionary form: הָלַךְ · haw-LAHK

Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person feminine singular simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: go

go ×142 went ×128 and went ×81 come ×48 and go ×35 to go ×33 to walk ×23 walked ×23

More options

go — Most versatile rendering; suits motion in any direction.

walk — Prefer when literal movement or lifestyle/conduct is in view.

travel — Good for journeys or longer distances.

move — Useful for general or figurative movement without direction.

depart — Best when leaving a place is the emphasis.

proceed — Suits formal or sequential contexts; implies onward movement.

BDB2162 H1980 H3212

הָלַךְ₁₅₄₅ verb go, come, walk (MI ואהלך, לך; SI וילכו; Late Hebrew הִלֵּךְ (rare), Aramaic הֲלַךְ, הַךְ (also Biblical Aramaic), oftener הַלֵּיךְ Pa`el, , Palmyrene Ithpe`el אתילכא Vog^{No. 15, 1. 4}; Assyrian alâku Dl^w; also Arabic perish) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ה Gen 26:26 +; הָלָ֑ךְ 2Sam 8:6 +; 3 plural הָֽלְכוּ Gen 14:24 +; (הֶ)הָֽלְכוּא Josh 10:24 (Ges^{«GKC:23»§ 23}, 3; 138, 3 b Kö^{i. 414 f.}), etc.; Imperfect rarely
a. 3 masculine singular יִהֲלֹךְ Jer 9:3 + 4 t. Job, Psalms; וַיַּהֲלֹךְ Job 14:20 3 feminine singular תִּהֲלַךְ Ps 73:9 וַתִּהֲלַךְ Exod 9:23 (Ew^{§ 138 b} Ges^{«GKC:69»§ 69}, R. 8 Kö^{i. 415}); 1 singular אֶהֱלֹךְ Exod 16:22; Exod 23:8 (compare M 1:14; M 1:15); יִהֲלֹ֑כוּ Job 41:11 usually
b. (629 t.) as if from ילך (ולך; see Hiph`il Ges^{«GKC:69»§ 69}, 2 R. 8 Kö^{i. 414 ff.} Prät^{ZAW 1882, 310 ff.}; compare also יָלַד etc.) 3 masculine singular יֵלֵךְ Exod 10:24 +; יֵלֵ֑ךְ Eccl 5:15 +; וְיֵלַ֑ךְ Job 27:21 יֵלֶךְֿ Exod 34:9 +; וַיֵּלֶךְ Gen 12:4 (twice in verse) + 210 t., וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ Gen 24:61 + 6 t.; 3 feminine singular תֵּלֵךְ Gen 24:39 תֵּלֵ֑ךְ Ps 97:3 וַתֵּ֫לֶךְ Gen 7:18 +; 2 masculine singular תֵּלֵךְ etc. Gen 3:14 +; 2 feminine singular תֵּלְכִי etc. Judg 4:8 (twice in verse) +; 1 singular אֵלֵךְ Exod 3:11 +; וָאֵלֵךְ Judg 19:18 +; וָאֵלַ֑ךְ Job 19:10 אֵלְכָה Gen 45:28 +, אֵילְכָה Mic 1:8 3 masculine plural יֵלְכו Exod 5:7 +; יֵלֵכ֑וּן Ps 89:31 + 2 t.; וַיֵּלְכוּ Gen 9:23 (וילכו also SI⁴) +; 3 feminine plural תֵּלַכְנָה Judg 11:40 +; 2 masculine plural תֵּלְכוּ Gen 42:38 +; תֵּלְכוּן Deut 6:14 תֵּלֵכ֑וּן Exod 3:21; Isa 52:12 2 feminine plural תֵּלַכְנָה Ruth 1:11 1 plural נֵלֵךְ Exod 8:23 +; וַנֵּ֫לֶךְ Deut 1:19, etc.; Imperative rarely
a. הֲלוֺךְ Prov 13:20 (Kt.; Qr הֹלֵךְ, compare De Now); masculine plural הִלְכוּ Jer 51:10 usually
b. (241 t.) masculine singular לֵךְ Gen 26:16 + (לך also MI¹⁴), לֶךְֿ Gen 27:9 +; לְכָה Gen 19:32 +; לְךָ Num 23:13; Judg 19:13; 2Chr 25:17 לֵ֑כָה 1Sam 23:17 feminine singular לְכִי Judg 9:10 +; masculine plural לְכוּ Gen 37:20 +; feminine plural לֵ֫כְנָה Ruth 1:8, לֵ֫כְןָ Ruth 1:12, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָלוֺךְ Gen 8:3 +; הָלֹךְ Gen 31:30 +; construct rarely
a. הֲלֹךְ Exod 3:19 + 4 t.; הֲלָךְֿ Eccl 6:9 usually
b. (129 t.) לֶ֫כֶת Mic 6:8 +; לָ֑כֶת Prov 15:21 +2 t.; suffix לֶכְתִּי 1Kgs 2:8 לֶכְתָּם 2Sam 17:21 + 7 t. (6 Ezekiel); לֶכְתָּן Ezek 1:9; Ezek 1:12; Ezek 1:17, etc.; Participle הֹלֵךְ Gen 18:16 +; הוֺלֵךְ Gen 15:2 +; feminine הֹלְכָה Jer 3:6 הֹלֶכֶת Gen 32:21 + 2 t.+ הֹלָכֶתי 2Kgs 4:23 plural הֹלְכִים Exod 33:15 +, etc.; construct הֹלְכֵי Judg 5:6 + 3 t.; feminine plural הֹלְכֹת etc. Exod 2:5 + 3 t.; — found in all documents of Hexateuch, especially J E (240 t.; D 65 t., P 30 t. + H 14 t.); —

I. literal

1. of persons,
a. go, proceed, move, walk Gen 22:6; Gen 22:8; Exod 17:5; Amos 3:3; Zeph 1:17 + often; of cherubim Ezek 10:16 = living creatures Ezek 1:9; Ezek 1:12; Ezek 1:19; Ezek 1:20; Ezek 1:21; Ezek 1:24 opposed to sitting(ישׁב) Deut 6:7; Deut 11:19 (both with בַּדֶּרֶךְ); || running (רוץ) Prov 4:12; Isa 40:31, compare also 2Chr 30:6 distinguished from riding, driving Gen 24:65 (J; followed by בַּשָּׂדֶה לִקְרָאתֵנוּ), Judg 5:10 (עַלהַֿדֶּרֶךְ), Isa 41:3 (בְּרַגְלָיו), compare Eccl 5:1 (followed by אֶל), Eccl 10:7 (followed by עַלהָֿאָרֶץ); on usage with preposition see below; but also || וַיִּרְכַּב 1Kgs 13:13; 1Kgs 18:45 compare 2Kgs 9:16 וַיֵּלֶךְ רֹכֵב הַסּוּס v2Kgs 9:18 (followed by לִקְרָאתוֺ); נְהַג וָלֵךְוַ֗֗֗תֵּלָךְ וַתָּבאֹ 2Kgs 4:24 drive and go forward. . . and she went, and came.
b. depart, go away: Gen 18:33 (J), and ׳י departed, Gen 34:17 (P) then we will take our daughter and depart; compare 1Sam 14:3; 1Sam 15:27; Exod 3:19 (J), Exod 12:28 (P) 2Kgs 5:25 +; go, go out (to a specific duty etc.): of Samuel 1Sam 7:16, Barak Judg 4:8 (twice in verse); go out, forth (opposed to שׁוּב) Ruth 1:21 +; = go into exile (without modifier) 1Chr 5:41 compare Jer 22:10 (הֹלֵךְ of one going into exile; opposed to death); see further אֲשֶׁר הָֽלְכוּ שָׁם Ezek 37:21.
c. less often where English idiom requires or prefers come, (approach, arrive), verb in Hebrew being referred to starting point; mostly with preposition (on usage with preposition in general see below): — לְכָה אֵלַי 1Sam 17:44 so in prayer to ׳י, וּלְכָה לִישֻׁעָ֫תָה לָ֫נוּ Ps 80:3 also in Yahweh's exhortations to Israel: Isa 55:1 (לַמַּיִם), vIsa 55:3 (אֵלַי); come to, arrive at a land (ָ ה locative) Gen 29:1 come unto (אֶל) a people Ruth 2:11 but compare especially (without preposition) Imperative followed by another Imperative, etc., see below 5 f, & particular cases like Num 22:6; Num 22:11; Num 22:17; Num 23:7 (twice in verse); Isa 55:1 (twice in verse) etc., where actual summons to approach the speaker.
d. with modifiers : (I) a. of space traversed: אֵת כָּלהַֿמִּדְבָּר Deut 1:19 (compare I. אֵת 2), כָּלהַֿבִּתְרוֺן 2Sam 2:29 especially with accusative דֶּרֶךְ way, Gen 35:3 (E) Num 20:17(JE) Deut 1:31; 2Sam 4:7; 1Kgs 13:12 (twice in verse); Jer 52:7 compare וְלֹא תָשׁוּב בַּדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר הָלָ֑כְתָּ 1Kgs 13:9 הֹלֵךְ דֶּרֶךְ = traveler Isa 35:8 followed by אֳרָחוֺת Judg 5:6 (song), participle construct הֹלְכֵי נְתִיבוֺת vJudg 5:6 goers of paths (wayfarers); c, accusative דֶּרֶךְ = journey Prov 7:19 β. with accusative of time Deut 2:14; 2Sam 2:32, compare Josh 5:6; Josh 14:10 also, with combination of ideas of space & time דֶּרֶךְ שְׁלשֶׁת יָמִים Exod 3:18 (+ בַּמִּדְבָּר see below) compare Exod 5:3; Exod 8:23; Exod 15:22 (all J E), Num 33:8 (P) 1Kgs 19:4. (2) with preposition: a. followed by בְּ of space (territory, country, etc.) in which בַּמִּדְבָּר Judg 11:16; Judg 11:18 compare וַיֵּלֶךְ בַּבַּיִת אַחַת הֵנָּה וְאַחַת הֵנָּה 2Kgs 4:35 and he walked in the house once hither, once thither; especially + accusative of time or distance (compare above) Josh 5:6; Josh 14:10 (both D) 1Kgs 19:4 בָּֽעֲרָבָה 2Sam 2:29 compare בַּיַּבָּשָׁה Exod 14:29 = Exod 15:19 (P ?); בְּתוֺךְ הָעֵמֶק Josh 8:13 (JE); followed by בְּ of way, path בְּדֶרֶךְ 1Kgs 18:6 (twice in verse) ׳בַּדּ Num 21:22 (JE) Josh 24:17 (E) Deut 1:33; Deut 2:27; Judg 18:6; 1Sam 28:22 לֹא תָשׁוּב לָלֶכֶת בַּדֶּרֶךְ אֲשֶׁר הָלַכְתָּ בָּהּ 1Kgs 13:17 (הָלַךְ of both going & coming); so often figurative, compare below II. 3; walk in the streets בִּרְחֹבֹת Lam 4:18, walk by the way ׳בַּדּ (opposed to יָשַׁב sit) Deut 6:7; Deut 11:19 β. followed by עַל, go or walk on (by) עַליַֿד הַיְאֹר Exod 2:5 עַלהַֿדֶּרֶךְ 1Sam 9:6 (i.e. set out, start, upon compare Dr); construct followed by לְ Judg 5:10. (3) go to, unto: a. followed by accusative, in general בְּכָלאֲֿשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ Gen 28:15 (J) whithersoever thou goest Josh 1:7; Josh 1:9 (D), compare 2Sam 7:9; 2Sam 8:6; 2Sam 8:14 = 1Chr 17:8; 1Chr 18:6; 1Chr 18:13 more definitely, to a land, with or without ארץ Judg 1:26; Judg 21:21; Jer 37:12 so figurative Hos 7:11 resort to (accusative) Asshur (|| קרא); to a city 1Sam 11:14; 1Sam 11:15; 1Sam 23:5; 1Kgs 2:8; 1Kgs 11:24; 1Kgs 12:1; 1Kgs 14:2; 1Kgs 14:4; 2Kgs 9:1; 1Chr 11:4; 2Chr 8:3; Ezra 8:31 to a house בַּיִת 2Sam 13:7; 2Sam 13:8, house of ׳י Ps 122:1 a field, Gen 27:5 (J; + Infinitive of purpose); valley of salt 2Chr 25:11. β. followed by ָ ה locative, אַ֫רְצָה Gen 11:31; Gen 12:5, פַּדֶּ֫נָת אֲרָם Gen 28:2; Gen 28:5; Gen 28:7 (all P) compare Gen 29:1 (E) Num 32:39 (JE) 2Sam 14:23 of city Gen 18:22; Gen 28:10 (both J) Judg 9:1; 1Sam 15:34; 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 19:22; 2Sam 15:9; 1Kgs 3:4; 1Kgs 18:45; 2Chr 10:1 of river Euphrates Jer 13:4; Jer 13:6; Jer 13:7 of a wood 1Sam 23:16 a mountain Josh 2:16 (JE); compare also אָ֫נָה הָֽלְכוּ whither have they gone Gen 16:8; Gen 32:18; Josh 2:5 (all J E) compare Neh 2:16; Song 6:1; Judg 19:17, אָ֫נֶה וָאָ֫נָה 1Kgs 2:42 (but also ׳אָן ה 1Sam 10:14); שָׁ֫מָּה Jer 40:4 but also שָׁם 1Sam 9:6; Jer 45:5 הֵ֫נָּה 2Kgs 4:35. γ. with preposition:
(a) most often followed by אֶלֿ unto,, e.g., unto the place, הַמָּקוֺם, Gen 22:3 (E) Gen 30:25 (J), etc.; of land Gen 22:2 (E) Gen 24:4; Gen 24:10 (J) Gen 36:6 (P) Josh 22:9 (D), etc.; of city Gen 22:19 (E) 1Sam 9:10; Jonah 3:3, etc.; of house Gen 24:38 (J) Eccl 7:2 (twice in verse); house of God Eccl 4:17 of people Exod 19:10 (E) etc.; in other designations of place, Josh 8:9 (JE), Ezra 10:6; Ruth 2:9,.etc., also followed by אֶל = against, of military expedition: Judg 1:10 against Canaanites; a city Judg 9:1; 1Kgs 22:15 = 2Chr 18:5; 2Chr 18:14 also followed by אֶל of individual persons Gen 26:1; Gen 26:26 (both J), Gen 41:55 (E) 2Kgs 6:22; 2Kgs 6:23; 2Kgs 22:14 = 2Chr 34:22; Jer 41:14 +; once with implicit coire cum femina Amos.Jer 2:7 (compare בּוֺא 1 e, p. 98); see especially לַהֲלֹךְ אֶלאֵֿל בַּמִּשְׁפָּט Job 34:23 of judicial inquiry by God; come unto the speaker Num 22:16; Num 22:37 ( both J E), unto the one addressed Isa 60:14.
(b) rarely followed by עַלֿ unto (Jeremiah Kings Ezekiel) with בַּיִת 1Kgs 20:43, שָׂדֶה 1Kgs 2:26 (+ accusative of location), compare עַלכָּֿל אֲשֶׂר Jer 1:7, עַלאֲֿשֶׁר יִהְיֶה שָׁם Ezek 1:12 (of the רוּחַ; compare אֶלאֲֿשֶׁר יִהְיֶה שָׁ֫מָּה vEzek 1:20); also וַאֲנִיִ הוֺלֵךְ עַלֹ אֲשֶׁראֲֿנִי הוֺלֵךְ 2Sam 15:20 = I am going I know not where compare Lag^{Psalt. Hieron. 1874, 156 f.} Dr^Sm; see further Jer 3:6 (followed by both עַל & אֶל; on confusion of אֶל and לְַ see these words); followed by עַל against city 1Kgs 22:6, king 2Chr 22:5.
(c) followed by עַד as far as, unto, place עַדכֹּֿה Gen 22:5 (E), compare 1Kgs 12:30 (וַיֵּלְכוּ הָעָם לִפְנֵי הָאֶחָד עַד דָּ֑ן), 2Kgs 6:2; 2Kgs 10:25; 2Kgs 7:15 compare 2Chr 26:8 persons 1Sam 9:9.
(d) followed by לְ, to a land 1Kgs 10:13 etc.; a city 2Chr 8:17 a mountain 1Chr 4:42 a bamah 2Chr 1:3 compare לִמְבוֺא גְדֹר 1Chr 4:39 & see below; also before proper name of person Gen 24:56 (J); further לַמִּלְחָמָה Ezek 7:14 לְסִבְלֹתיכֶם Exod 5:4 (J) go to your burdens compare Isa 60:3, וְהַתּוֺדָה הַשֵׁנִית הַהוֺלֶכֶת לְמוֺאל Neh 12:38 the second thanksgiving choir, that went the opposite way; frequently לְדַרְכּוֺ etc., go (to, on) one's way Gen 19:2 (J) Gen 32:2 (E) Num 24:25; Josh 2:16 (both J E) Judg 18:26; 1Sam 1:18; 1Sam 26:25 +; לְמַסָּעָיו Gen 13:3 (J); compare הַהוֺלֵךְ לְמֶרְחֲבֵיאֶֿדֶץ Hab 1:6 that marcheth through the breath of the land (of invader); note especially in sense of depart to, go away to, almost = return to; וְהָלַכְתָּ לְאֹהָלָיךָ Deut 16:7 and thou shalt go (back) to thy tents, so Judg 19:6; Judg 20:8; 1Kgs 8:66; 1Kgs 12:16 = 2Chr 10:16 לְבֵיתוֺ 1Sam 10:26 compare 1Sam 14:8; 1Sam 23:18; 1Kgs 14:12; 1Chr 16:43 לִמְקוֺמוֺ 1Sam 2:20 (compare VB Dr) 1Sam 14:46 see also go away or off to 1Chr 4:42; 2Chr 8:17.
(e) followed by בְּ into בַּשָּׂדֶה Num 22:23 (of Balsam's ass); especially in בּשְּׁבִי ׳ה go into captivity Amos 9:4; Nah 3:10; Deut 28:41; Jer 20:6; Jer 22:22; Jer 30:16; Lam 1:18 (= שְׁבִי ׳ה vLam 1:5) compare Ezek 30:17; Ezek 30:18; Isa 46:2; Isa 48:11 בַּגּוֺלָה׳ה Jer 48:11; Ezek 25:3 see also בַּכְּלִמָּה ׳ה Isa 45:16 בַּמִּלְתָמָה ׳ה 1Sam 17:13 בַּקְּרָ֑ב ׳ה 2Sam 17:11 (but see Dr). (4) go from, depart from, followed by מִן, e.g. 1Kgs 2:41, etc., מִשָּׁם Gen 42:26 (E) 1Kgs 19:19 compare אָנָה אֵלֵךְ מֵרוּחֶ֑ךָ Ps 139:7 note especially הָלַךְ מֵעֵינָיו ׳וּמַלְאַךְ י Judg 6:21 compare 1Sam 14:17 (מֵעִמָנוּ), Hos 9:6 (מִשֹּׁד, from destruction; also followed by מֵאֵת of divorced woman Jer 3:1 (מֵאִתּוֺ), compare also Gen 26:31 (J), Josh 22:9 (?P) מֵאֵצֶל 1Kgs 20:36. (5) with preposition denoting other relations: — a. אֵת of accompaniment, אִתִּי ׳ה (on warlike expedition) Gen 14:24 compare 2Sam 15:11; Josh 10:24; Judg 1:3 (followed by בְּ into), Judg 7:4 (twice in verse), see also 1Sam 23:23; 2Sam 16:17 +. β. עִם Judg 4:8 (twice in verse); Judg 4:9 (twice in verse); Judg 7:4; Judg 11:8; 1Sam 30:22 (twice in verse); 2Sam 19:26; Num 22:13; Num 22:14 (JE) +. γ. בְּ with (compare בְּ III. 1, p. 89), especially Exod 10:9, compare Hos 5:6 ׳בְּצאֹנָם וּבִבְּקָרָם יֵלְכוּ לְבַקֵּשׁ אֶתיֿ, of vain sacrifices; 2Chr 30:6 the runners went with (בְּ) letters. δ בְּקֶרֶב in the midst of, Exod 34:9 (JE). ε. לִפְנֵי in front of, before, before Cyrus Isa 45:2, (compare of fire & pestilence, below 3); of ׳י going before Israel Exod 13:21; Num 14:14, compare also Exod 23:23; Exod 32:34 & (in meaning) Exod 33:14 (פָּנַי יֵלֵ֑כוּ), vExod 33:15, Isa 52:12, with which camp. לְפָנֶיךָ צִדְקֶ֑ךָ ׳וה Isa 58:8 of other gods Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (all J E); לְנֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ Gen 33:12 (J).

**לִפְנֵי ׳ה also (less often) = go (and present oneself) before a deity or shrine 1Kgs 12:30; 1Chr 21:30 (compare בוא לפני Exod 28:30, קִדֵּם פְּנֵי Ps 95:2). ζ. with אַחַר go after, follow, persons Gen 37:17 (J) 2Kgs 7:15 אַחֲרֵי Gen 24:5; Gen 24:8; Gen 24:39; Gen 24:61 (all J), Josh 3:3 (D), Num 16:25 (JE) +; compare also II. 3 d (going after false gods, etc.); מֵאַחֲרֵיהֶם Exod 14:19 (J). η. לְ with sense of dativus ethicus [dative of interest]: וַיֵּלֶךְ לוֺ אֶלאַֿרְצוֺ Exod 18:27 (E) and he gat him (betook himself) to his country; אֵ֫לֶךְ לִי אֶל Song 4:6 I will get me unto; וְנֵלְכָהלָֿנוּ 1Sam 26:11 and let us be gone, compare v1Sam 26:12, Song 2:11 (of rain compare infr, 3); Imperative in same construction: לֶךְלְֿךָאֶל Gen 22:2 (E) get thee unto, לְכוּ לָכֶם לְאָהֳלֵיכֶם Josh 22:4 (D) also לֶךְלְֿךָ מִן Gen 12:1 (J), & לְכִילָֿךְ Song 2:10; Song 2:13 get thee away, come away. θ adverbial phrases of manner with preposition:
(a) בְּ, בְּשָׁלוֺם ׳ה go in peace Gen 26:31(J) 1Sam 29:7; 2Sam 3:21; 2Sam 3:22; 2Sam 3:23; 2Sam 15:9 בְּכֹהַ הָאֲכִילָה הַהִיא ׳ה 1Kgs 19:8, בְּחֵמָה ׳ה 2Kgs 5:12 compare also 1Sam 17:39; Isa 52:12 בְּסַעֲרוֺת תֵּימָן ׳וְה Zech 9:14 of ׳י, and he shall go in (or with) storms of the south; בְּ pretii, הַהֹלְכִים בְּנַפְשׁוֺתָם 2Sam 23:17 who went at risk of their life (otherwise in || 1Chr 11:19); compare
(b) אֶל, אֶלנַֿפְשׁוֺ ׳ה 1Kgs 19:3 he went for his life. (c) לְ, לְרַגְלָהּ ׳ה 1Sam 25:42 go according to her foot, i.e. follow, attend her; לֵךְ לְשָׁלוֺם go to, for (in) peace Exod 4:18 (E) Judg 18:6; 1Sam 1:17; 1Sam 20:13; 1Sam 20:42; 2Kgs 5:19 וְהֹלְכִים לְתֻמָּם 2Sam 15:11. κ. with adjective or noun, agreeing with subject of verb, in accusative (Ges^{«GKC:118»§ 118}.5), sometimes where Latin & English use an attributive or appositive: walk barefoot 2Sam 15:30 walk naked and barefoot Isa 20:3 (with accusative of duration); ׳וַתֵּלַכְנָה נְטֻו֯וֺת גָּרוֺן רגו Isa 3:16 compare 1Kgs 8:66 also לֹא תֵלֵךְ רָכִיל בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ Lev 19:16 (H) thou shalt not walk as a slanderer among thy people, Jer 9:3, הוֺלֵךְ רָכִיל Prov 11:13; Prov 20:19 and even הֹלְכֵי רָכִיל Jer 6:28 (yet רכיל possibly abstract, ׳ר ׳ה walk in slander); with adverb accusative, construed more generally (Ges^{«GKC:118»§ 118}, 5.c., Ew^{§ 279 c}); ye shall not walk loftily (רוֺמָה) Mic 2:3 they shall come bending (שְׁחוֺחַ) Isa 60:14 and Agag came delicately (מַעֲדַנֹּת) 1Sam 15:32 compare also Lev 26:23 (II. 3b) Exod 3:21; 2Sam 17:18.

2. Also of animals, in similar meanings and combinations: הָלַךְ Nah 2:12 walk about, prowl (lions, figurative of rulers of Assyria); Prov 30:29 (see vProv 30:30 vProv 30:31, of three beasts & a king); walk, go, move ׳בִּמְסִלָּה אַחַת ה 1Sam 6:12 (of cows bringing ark), horses in Zechariah's vision Zech 6:7 וַיְבַקְשׁוּ לָלֶכֶת לְהִתְהַלֵךְ בָּאָרֶץ; of beasts & birds Jer 9:9, compare Jer 50:3 both man & beast, they are fled, they are gone; of flocks and herbs (מִקְנֶה) יֵלֵךְ עִמָּנוּ Exod 10:26 they shall go with us; מֵהר אֶלגִּֿבְעָה ׳ה Jer 50:6 they have gone from mountain to hill (Israel under figure of wandering sheep); in 1Sam 14:26 read probably הָלַךְ for הֵלֶךְ q. v.; especially in laws of clean & unclean Lev 11:20; Lev 11:21 every swarming winged thing that goeth on (הַהֹלֵךְעַל) all fours compare vLev 11:27 vLev 11:42 also vLev 11:27 everything that goeth on its paws, & vLev 11:42 everything that goeth on (its) belly, (all P), so of serpent Gen 3:14 on thy belly (עַלגְּֿחֹנְךָ) shalt thou go (J), compare also Jer 46:22 קוֺלָהּ כַּנָּחָשׁ יֵלֵךְ; (where apparently rel. clause, her voice like the serpent that moves, i.e. like the rustling sound of a gliding serpent, compare VB); locusts Josh 2:7 (אִישׁ בִּדְרָכָיו), vJosh 2:8 (גֶּבֶר בִּמְסִלָּתוֺ).

3. in like manner of inanimate things, as: the ark (הַתֵּבָה) Gen 7:18 (P; followed by עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם); ships 1Kgs 22:49 (followed by ָ ה locative) = 2Chr 20:36 (followed by accusative of limit), compare 2Chr 9:21 (followed by accusative) 2Chr 20:37 (אֶל); of אֳנִישַֿׁיִט Isa 33:21 lsgalley with oarsrs (followed by בְּ of place in which); wheels (in Ezekiel's vision) Ezek 1:17 (twice in verse); Ezek 1:19; Ezek 1:21; Ezek 10:11 (4 t. in verse); moon Job 31:26 wind Ps 78:39; Eccl 1:6 (twice in verse); of streams (הַנְחָלִים) = flow אֶלהַֿיָּם Eccl 1:7 compare אֶלמְֿקוֺם שֶׁהַנְחָלִים הֹלְכִים שָׁם הֵם שָׁבִים לָלֶכֶת vEccl 1:7 unto the place whither the streams flow, thither they flow again; also אֲפִיקִים, followed by מַיִם as accusative of that with which, Joel 4:18 || of hills flowing חָלָב, with milk; compare further figurative כָּלבִּֿרְכַּיִם תֵּלַכְנָה מַיִם Ezek 7:17; Ezek 21:12 all knees shall flow down in water, i.e. be as weak as water; נְהָרוֺת Ezek 31:4 (followed by סָבִיב); וְהָלַךְ עַלכָּֿלגְּֿדוֺתָיו Isa 8:7 i.e. overflow (|| עָלָה עַלכָּֿלאֲֿפִיקָיו) compare Josh 4:18 (JE); so of water (as SI⁴) Isa 8:6; 1Kgs 18:35 (הַמַּיִם סָבִיב לַמִּזְבֵּ֑חַוַיֵּלְכוּ), Ps 105:41 (ָהלְכוּ בַּצִיּוֺת נָהָר, they flowed through dry regions as a river); (on Infinitive absolute used of waters of flood, Gen 8:3; Gen 8:5, compare below 4 c (4), (5)); of the sea הַיָּם הוֺלֵךְ וְסֹעֵר Jonah 1:11; Jonah 1:13 was going on and being stormy = was growing more and more stormy (compare below 4 d); of wine (יַיִן) Song 7:10 that goeth down, for my beloved, smoothly (smile); also of lighting go, dart (בָּרָק) Job 38:35, so אֵשׁ Exod 9:23 (E) וַתִּהֲלַךְ אֵשׁ אָ֑רְצָה and fire darted to earth (on form, here & Ps 73:9 below, as intensive, of rapid motion, compare Thes Ew^{§ 138 b} Kö^{i. 415}); אֵשׁ לְפָנָיו תֵּלֵךְ Ps 97:3 of torches, in figure of violent breathing of crocodile יַהֲלֹ֑כוּ מִפִּיו לַפִּידִים Job 41:11 of sword אַחֲרַיִךְ תֵּ֫לֶךְ חָ֑רֶב % Jer 48:2, of arrow בָּרָק Job 20:25 drawn from a wound; of pestilence דֶּבֶר (personified) Ps 91:6 (בָּאֹפֶל), Hab 3:5 (לְפָנָיו); of fame שָׁמְעוֺ הוֺלֵךְ בְּכָלהַֿמְּדִינוֺת Esth 9:4 of the tongue (bad sense) וּלְשׁוֺנָם תִּהֲלַךְ בָּאָרֶץ Ps 73:9 (compare Exod 9:23 above; || שַׁתּוּ בַשָׁמַיִם פִּיהֶם); of sound of trumpet Exod 19:19 (Participle compare infra 4 d); of letters אִגְּרוֺת Neh 6:17 (followed by עַל, unto); of dew (טַל, || עֲנַןבֹּֿקֶר) simile of Israel's חסֶד Hos 6:4 compare Hos 13:3 like dew that passeth away; so of עָנָן Job 7:9 עָנָן וַיֵּלַ֑ךְכָּלָה; of rain הַגֶּשֶׁם חָלַף הָלַךְ לוֺ Song 2:11 the rain is over, it hath taken itself away; of ark of ׳) י׳אֲרוֺן י 1Sam 6:8 depart (compare also 5 d); of shadow on dial go forward 2Kgs 20:9 (opposed to שׁוּב; || נָטָה v2Kgs 20:20 & יַרַד Isa 38:8); grow, of wicked under figure of tress, יֵלְכוּ גַּםעָֿשׂוּ פֶּ֑רִי Jer 12:2 compare יֵלְכוּ יוֺנְקוֺתָיו Hos 14:3 his branches shall spread, said of Israel under figure of tree; of name (= fame) 2Chr 26:8 (followed by עַדלְֿבֹא מִעצרַיִם); also of a thing that does not actually move; וְהָלַךְ הַגְּבוּל אֶל Josh 17:7 and the boundary went unto etc., compare Josh 16:8 (followed by מִן & ָ ה locative); — in 2Kgs 13:21 and it (the dead body) went i.e. was let down into the grave, read וַיֵּלְכוּ for וַיֵּלֶךְ ᵐ5^L Th Klo, and they went away.

4. The Infinitive absolute is often used
a. as in other verbs, quite independently (Ges^{«GKC:113»§ 113}, 1): הֲגָנֹב ֗֗֗ וְהָלֹךְ אַחֲרִי אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים ... Jer 7:9 (series of 6 Infinitive absolute) (are there) stealing, murdering, and adultery and false swearing and incense-burning to the Baal, and going after other gods...? as object, וְלֹאאָֿבוּ בִדְרָכָיו הָלוֺךְ Isa 42:24 and they desired not walking in his ways; as apposition of object, Jer 23:14 I have seen ... an abominable thing, committing adultery and walking in lies (נָאוֺף וְהָלוֺךְ בַּשֶּׁקֶר); compare וַיַּעַשׂ כֵּן הָלוֺךְ עָרוֺם וְיָחֵף Isa 20:2 and he did so, a walking naked and barefoot, where also two adverb. accusative modifying the Infinitive absolute (Ges^{«GKC:113»§ 113}, 2).
b. to intensify meaning of finite form of הָלַךְ (Ges^{«GKC:118»§ 118}, 3): (1) before finite verb הָלוֺךְ אֵלֵךְ עִמָּךְ Judg 4:9 I will surely go with thee, compare Jer 37:9 הָלֹךְ הָלַכְתָּ Gen 31:30 concessive, thou art indeed gone, הָעֵצִים הָּלוֺךְ חָֽלְכוּ Judg 9:8 introductory, the trees went forth on a time to anoint them a king. (2) after finite verb וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ 2Sam 3:24 and he is actually gone! (a grave impurdence to permit it!), ׳נֵלְכָה הָלוֺךְ לְחַלּוֺת אֶתפְּֿנֵי י Zech 8:21 let us by all means go to seek the favour of ׳י
c. most noteworthy is the joining of the Infinitive absolute (I) with a following Infinitive absolute denoting a simulaneous action or process, and so emphasizing duration or continuance: a. both Infinitives preceding the finite verb, הָלוֺךְ וְטָפֹף תֵּלַכְנָהIsa 3:16 a going and atripping they go, i.e. they keep tripping as they go; so הָלוֺךְ וּבָכוֺ יֵלֵ֑כוּ Jer 50:4 continually weeping they shall go; β. one Infinitive before, & one after the finite verb הָלוֺךְ יֵלֵךְ וּבָבֹה Ps 126:6 continually may one go weeping γ. elsewhere both after finite verb Josh 6:9 the rearguard was going (הֹלֵךְ) after the ark, continually blowing on the trumpets (הָלוֺךְ וְתָקוֺעַ בַּשּׁוֺפָרוֺת), compare vJosh 6:13 (where הָו֯לֹךְ cf, below; both J E), וַיֵּלֶךְ ֗֗֗ הָלוֺךְ וּבָכוֺ 2Sam 3:16, of cows ץָהלְכוּ הָלוֺךְ וְגָעוֺ 1Sam 6:12 they went continually lowing, וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ וְאָבֹל Judg 14:9 and he went on, eating as he went; הֹלְכִים הָלוֺךְ וְדַבֵּר 2Kgs 2:11 they were going on, talking as they went; in הֹלֵךְ הָלךְ וּבֹכֶה Jer 41:6, the participle בֹּכֶה is peculiar, read perhaps בָּכֹה, and for הֹלֵךְ read הֹלְכִים ᵐ5 Hi compare Gf. (2) with a following finite verb with ו consecutive (rare): הֹלְכִים הָלוֺךְ וְתקְעוּ Josh 6:13 (JE) they were going along continually blowing on the trumpets; וַתַּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ וְזָעָ֑קָה 2Sam 13:19 and she went, crying out as she went; הֹלֵךְ הָ֗֗֗לוֺךְ וִיְקַלֵּל 2Sam 16:13 he went along . . . cursing as he went; so 1Sam 19:23 and he went on, prophesying as he went, until he came, etc. (3) in cases where finite verb is followed by Infinitive absolute + adjective denoting progress, advance: וַיֵּלֶךְ חָלוֺךְ וְקָרֵב 2Sam 18:25 and he came continually nearer (nearer & nearer); elsewhere with idea of actual motion lost from finite verb: וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ וָרָ֑ב 1Sam 14:19 and he tumult kept growing greater and greater; so וְגָדוֺל וַיֵּלֶךְ דָּוִד הָלוֺךְ 2Sam 5:10 = 1Chr 11:9 compare Judg 4:24 and the hand of the sons of Israel kept growing more and more severe (וַתֵּלָךְ ֗֗֗ הָלוֺךְ וְקָשָׁה) upon Jabin; note especially וַיִּגְּדּל הָאִישׁ וַיֵּלֶךְ הָלוֺךְ וְגָדֵל עַדבִּֿיֿ גָדַל מְאֹד Gen 26:13 (J) and the man grew great and kept on growing greater and greater until etc. (גָּדֵל particular adjective ). (4) twice, where finite verb is not הלך, but another verb denoting motion: וַיָּשֻׁבוּ הַמַּיִם ֗֗֗ הָלוֺךְ וָשׁוֺב Gen 8:3 (J) and he waters retired continually more and more; וַיִסַּע אַבְּרָם הָלוֺךְ וְנָסוֺעַ הַנֶּ֫גְבָּה Gen 12:9 (J) and Abram journeyed on continually further toward the south country. (5) quite by itself is Gen 8:5 (P) וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֺךְ וְחָסוֺר and he waters, they continually diminished (were a going and a diminishin; the Infinitive absolute being predicate). (6) 13 t. the Infinitive absolute = Imperative & is followed by Perfect consecutive (chiefly in Jeremiah): הָלוֺךְ וְדִבַּרְתָּ֫ 2Sam 24:12 go and speak, so Jer 35:2 וְאָמַרְתָּ֫ ׳ה go and say, Isa 38:5; Jer 28:13; Jer 34:2; Jer 35:13; Jer 39:16 וְקָרָאתָ ׳ה Jer 2:2; Jer 3:12 also וְרָחַצְתָּ֫ ׳ה 2Kgs 5:10 go and wash, וְקָנִיתָ׳ה Jer 13:1; Jer 19:1 go and buy, וְעָמַדְתָּ֫ ׳ה Jer 17:19 go and stand.
d. akin to the use of Infinitive absolute are some instances of Participle הֹלֵךְ + adjective (or participle): וַיֵּלֶךְ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי הֹלֵךְ וְקָרֵב 1Sam 17:41 and the Philistine came continually nearer (compare 2Sam 18:25 above); in other cases as predicate, with same idea of growing, increasing: וְדָוִד הֹלֵךְ וְחָזֵק וּבֵית שָׁאוּל הֹלְכִים וְדַלִּים 2Sam 3:1 and David was growing stronger and stronger, while the house of Saul were growing weaker and weaker, compare 2Chr 17:12; Esth 9:4 (of individuals), 2Sam 15:12 (of people); + 2 adjective וְהַנַּעַד שְׁמוּאֵל הֹלֵךְ וְגָדֵל וָטוֺב 1Sam 2:26 compare (with different order) of wind, Eccl 1:6 goeth (הוֺלֵךְ)toward the south, and turneth about (סוֺבֵב) unto the north, the wind turneth about and about continually (סוֺבֵב סֹבֵב הוֺלֵךְ הָרוּחַ); of sea הַיָּם הוֺלֵךְ וְסֹעֵרJonah 1:11; Jonah 1:13 the sea was growing more and more stormy; also וַיְהִי קוֺל הַ שֹּׁפָר חוֺלֵךְ וְחָזֵק מְאֹד Exod 19:19 and the sound of the trumpet kept growing louder and louder; & in metaphor אֹרַח צַדִּיקִים כְּאוֺר נֹ֑גַהּ הוֺלֵךְ וָאוֺר עַדנְֿכוֺן הַיּוֺם Prov 4:18 the path of just men is like a shining light, growing lighter and lighter until the full day.

5. In combination with other verbal forms:
a. followed by Infinitive of purpose (with לְ) Gen 25:22; Gen 31:19; Gen 37:25 (all J E) Num 14:38 (P) Num 24:1 (JE), Judg 8:1; Judg 9:8; Judg 9:9; Judg 9:11; Judg 9:13 + often; especially לִקְרַאת ׳הּ go to meet Josh 9:11 (JE), 2Sam 19:16; 1Kgs 18:16 (twice in verse) +; sometimes with hostile sense 1Sam 23:28; 1Kgs 20:27; 2Kgs 23:29 also לָּשּׁובּ ׳הּ go to return, Exod 4:21 (RV go back), compare also שּׁובּ לָּלֶּכֶּתּ return again Eccl 1:7; Eccl 5:14 לָּבּוֺֿ ׳הּ go to come (enter etc.) Jer 41:17 compare 2Chr 26:8.
b. followed by finite verb go and do so and so: Gen 22:13; Gen 27:14; Exod 2:8; Exod 4:27; Exod 4:29 (all J E), Deut 13:7; Deut 13:14; Deut 17:3; Deut 24:2; = Mic 4:2; Jer 11:12 + often; וַיֵּלֶךְ וַּיָשָּׁבּ Exod 4:18 (E), יֵלֵךְ וְיָשֹׁב Deut 20:5; Deut 20:6; Deut 20:7; Deut 20:8, וַיֵּלְכוּ וַיָּשׁוּבוּ Judg 21:23 compare Hos 2:9; Hos 5:15 וַיָּבוֺא ׳ה went & came Num 13:26 (P), Ruth 2:3; 1Sam 22:5; 2Sam 11:22; 2Kgs 4:25 notably וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַךְ 2Kgs 3:7 and he went and sent.
c. following other verbs: וַיָּקֻמוּ וַיֵּלְכוּ Gen 22:19 (E) compare Gen 24:10 (J) Gen 43:8 (J) Num 16:25 (JE) Judg 4:9 נִסְעָה וְנֵלֵ֑כָה Gen 33:12 (J).
d. especially as result of action expressed in preceding verb, such as verb of sending, etc.: וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶתאֶֿחָיו וַיֵּלֵ֑כוּ Gen 45:24 (E) compare Josh 1:16 (D) 1Sam 6:8; Job 38:35 also יִשָּׁאֵהוּ קָדִים וְיֵלַ֑ךְ Job 27:21 an east wind shall carry him off, and he shall depart; וַיְ גָָֽרֲשֵׁהוּ וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ Ps 34:1 (title). (compare depart also of inanimate things

3. above)
e. in longer series: וַיֵּלֶךְ וִיִּבְרַח וַיִּמָּלֵט 1Sam 19:12 וַיִּסַּע וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיָשָׁב֗֗֗ וַיֵּשֶׁב 2Kgs 19:36 = Isa 37:37 compare Num 24:25 (JE); וַיָּקָם וַיֵּלֶךְ וַיָּבאֹ Judg 19:10 also וַיָּקָם וַיָּבאֹ וַיֵּלֶךְ 2Kgs 10:12. feminine oft; in Imperative foll by 2nd Imperative or equivalent, (1) לֵךְ קַחלִֿי Gen 27:13 (J) go, bring me (them), compare Hos 1:2 לְכוּ רְעוּ Gen 29:7 (J) go, feed (them), compare Gen 37:14; Gen 42:19; Exod 4:19 + (in all approximately 57 t.; only J E D in Hexateuch); but also (2) weakened to mere introductory word (as also above passim: especially 2Kgs 3:7 etc.), go to, or come, do (let us do) so & so; לְכָה נִכְרְתָה בְרִית Gen 31:44 come, let us make a compact, compare נַשְׁקֶה לְכָה Gen 19:32 (where subject feminine); לְכוּ וְנֵלְכָה 1Sam 9:9 come, and let us go, so v1Sam 9:10, 1Sam 11:14; Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2, compare Zech 6:7 +; even לֵךְ בּאֹ וְאֶשְׁלְחָה 2Kgs 5:5 go to, come, and let me send, compare Isa 22:15; Isa 26:20; Ezek 3:4; Ezek 3:11 further Judg 19:11; Judg 19:13; 1Sam 9:5; 1Kgs 1:12; Ps 34:5 + (in all approximately 49 t.; only J E in Hexateuch). (3) apparently intermediate, and shewing transition from (1) to (2) are: לָךְרֵֿד Exod 19:24; Exod 32:7 compare Judg 18:2 לְכוּ סֻרוּ רְדוּ 1Sam 15:6 לֵךְ עֲלֵה מִוֶּךְ Exod 33:1 לְכוּ וְהִתְהלְּכוּ בָּאָרֶץ Josh 18:8 & לְכוּ בּאֹוּ אַרְצָה Gen 47:17 compare 1Sam 22:5; 1Kgs 1:13; 2Kgs 7:9 see further לֵכְנָה שֹׁבְנָה Ruth 1:8 & שֹׁבְנָה לֵכְןָ vRuth 1:12 also 2Sam 3:16; 1Kgs 19:15; 1Kgs 19:20 + (in all approximately 36 t.)

II. Figurative; the most common uses follow; in most the origin in a literal meaning is evident:

1. pass away, die; in phrases denoting or implying death (compare Arabic perish); וְהִנֵּה אָנֹכִּי הוֺלֵךְ הַיּוֺם בְּדֶרֶךְ בָּלהָֿאָרֶץ Josh 23:14 (D) lo, I am going to-day the way of all the eath compare 1Kgs 2:2 perhaps also Gen 15:2 (JE) I pass away childless, but possibly below 2 below; also 2Sam 12:23 I am going (אֲנִי הֹלֵךְ) to him 2Sam 12:23 so of mankind דּוֺרהֹלֵךְ וְדוֺר בָּא Eccl 1:4 more explicitly, הַּכֹּל הוֺלֵךְ אֶלמָֿקוֺם אֶחָ֑ד הַכֹּל הָיֶה מִן הֶעָפָר וְהַכֹּל שָׁב אֶלהֶֿעָפָר Eccl 3:20 compare Eccl 6:6 also בִּשְׁאוֺל אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה הֹלֵךְ שָׁ֑מָּה Eccl 9:10, & אֶלבֵּֿית עוֺלָמוֺ הֹלֵךְ הָאָדָם Eccl 12:5 compare בְּטֶדֶם אֵלֵךְ וְאֵינֶנִּי Ps 39:14 before I depart and be not; so according to some 2Chr 21:20 but compare below 3 a (2); once with weaker sense followed by infinitive, חִנֵּה אָנֹכִי הוֺךֵלךְ לָמוּת Gen 25:32 (J).

2. live ('walk'), in general (compare Pi`el Hithpa`el) (usually in poetry, with modifying words): צַלְמָוֶת כִּיאֵֿלֵךְ בְּנֵיא Ps 23:4 though I walk in a valley of deep darkness; compare Ps 138:7 & אֵ֫לֶךְ השֶׁךְ Job 29:8 קֹדֵר אֵלֵךְ Ps 42:10 חֲשֵׁכִים ׳ה Isa 50:10, see also Ezek 3:14 perhaps also Gen 15:2 compare 1 above; יֵלְכוּ מֵחַיִל אֶלחָֿ֑יִל Ps 84:8 they go from strength to strength; יֵלֶךְ בֶּטַח הוֺלֵךְ בַּתֹּם Prov 10:9 especially

3. of moral and religious life; יְיַשֶּׁרלָֿ֑כֶת Prov 15:21 he maketh straight to walk (walketh straight, upright); particular
a. walk in (בְּ) ways (counsels, statutes, etc.), (1) in good sense: (α) בְּדֶרֶךְ תָּמִים ׳ה Ps 101:6, compare Isa 30:21; Jer 6:16; 1Kgs 8:36 = 2Chr 6:27 (β) in (בְּ) ways of ׳י especially D: Deut 8:6 (|| לְיִרְאָה אֹתוֺ) compare Deut 10:12; Deut 11:22 (|| ׳לְאַהֲבָה אֶתיֿ etc.), Deut 28:9 (|| ׳שָׁמַר מִצְוֺת י); see also Deut 13:15 +; 1Kgs 11:33 (followed by לַעֲשׂוֺת), v1Kgs 11:38 (followed by וְעָשִׂיתָ) 2Kgs 21:22; Ps 119:3; Ps 128:1 בְּאֹרְחֹתָיו Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2 further (followed by דֶּרֶךְ) Judg 2:17 (γ) in commandments of ׳י 2Chr 17:4 (δ) in his law(s) (תּוֺרָה) Exod 16:4; Exod 16:14 (J) 2Kgs 10:31; Jer 9:12; Jer 44:23 (+ בְּחֻקֹּת & בְּעֵדְוֺת), 2Chr 6:16; Dan 9:10, compare Neh 10:30 (of אֱלֹהִים); (ε) in his ordinances, statutes (חֻקּוֺת) Lev 26:3; 1Kgs 6:12; Jer 44:10; Jer 44:23 (see above), Ezek 5:6; Ezek 5:7; Ezek 11:20; Ezek 18:9; Ezek 18:17; Ezek 20:13; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:21, compare בְּחֻקּוֺת חַיִּים Ezek 33:15 also בְּחֻקֵּי 1Kgs 8:61; Ezek 11:12; Ezek 36:27 (ζ) in his judgments (מִשְׁפָּטִים) Ps 89:31; Ezek 37:24 (η) ordinances of David 1Kgs 3:3, compare also below; (φ) in way(s) of good man 1Sam 8:3; 1Sam 8:5; 2Chr 21:12, of David 2Chr 11:17; 2Chr 34:2, of David & Solomon 2Chr 17:3. (2) in bad sense, (α) in (evil) ways with בְּ 2Kgs 21:21; Ezek 16:47; Ezek 23:31; 2Chr 22:3 compare also (probably) 2Chr 21:20 חֶמְדָּה וַיֵּלֶךְ בְּלאֹ and he lived undesirably (compare ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Kmp Öttli); > others he departed (died) unregretted, so AV RV; (β) followed by accusative 2Kgs 21:21; Jer 18:15 (נְתִיבוֺת ׳ה); (γ) with adverb. accusative הּוֺלֵךְ עִקְּשׁוּת פֶּה Prov 6:12 one walking in perversity (falseness) of mouth (compare צְדָקוֺת Isa 33:15); (δ) in (בְּ)ordinances, statutes (חֻקּוֺת) of bad men Lev 18:3; Lev 20:23 (both H) 2Kgs 17:8; 2Kgs 17:19; Ezek 20:18 (בְּחוּקֵּי).
b. walk with (אֶת, עִם) i.e. associate, be familiar with: בְּשָׁלוֺם אִתִּי ׳וּבְמִישׁוֺר ה Mal 2:6 in peace and uprightness he walked with me (׳י); הַצְנֵעַ לֶכֶת עִםאֲֿלֹהֶיךָ Mic 6:8 but also of people at variance with ׳י וַהֲלְכְתֶּם עִמִּי קֶ֑רִי Lev 26:23 compare vLev 26:27 vLev 26:40 & of ׳י at variance with people וְהָלַכְתִּי ֗֗֗ עִמָּכֶם בְּקֶ֑רִי vLev 26:24 compare vLev 26:28 (all H); with men, אֶתהֲּֿכָמִיםLev 13:20 עִם אַנְשֵׁי רֶשַׁע Job 34:8 compare walk with (עִם) vanity Job 31:5.
c. walk before ׳י (׳לִפְנֵי י; with בֶּאֱמֶת, בְּכָללִֿבָּם etc.) 1Kgs 2:4; 1Kgs 3:6; 1Kgs 8:23; 1Kgs 8:25; 1Kgs 9:4; 2Chr 6:16; 2Chr 7:17 compare ׳קְדֹרַנִּית מִפְּנֵי י׳ה Mal 3:14 walk before the living (i.e. walk aright before them) Eccl 6:8.
d. walk, go, after (אַהֲּדֵי) (1) ׳י Deut 13:5; 1Kgs 14:8; Jer 2:2; Hos 11:10 +; (2) other gods, Judg 2:12 especially D: Deut 4:3; Deut 6:14; Deut 8:19; Deut 13:3; Deut 28:14; Deut 7:6; Deut 8:2; Deut 11:10; Deut 16:11; Deut 25:6 +; compare go & serve other gods Josh 23:16; Deut 13:7; Deut 13:14; Deut 17:3; Deut 29:17 (compare Deut 28:14 above); (3) things which do not profit Jer 2:8 (4) vanity Hos 5:11 (reading שָׁוְא compare VB); see also Amos 2:4.
e. walk in (1) one's integrity, etc., בְּתֻמִּי Ps 26:11 compare Ps 84:12; Prov 10:9, see also תָּמִים ׳ה Ps 15:2, הֹלְכֵי תֹם Prov 2:7 (2) bad sense, in (בְּ) sin 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:26; 1Kgs 15:34; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 16:26; 2Kgs 13:6; 2Kgs 13:11 + (especially of wicked kings); (evil) counsel 2Chr 22:5 compare Ps 1:1. feminine (1) לֵב as subject, (a) = thoughts, לֹא לִבִּי הָלַךְ 2Kgs 5:26 did not my thoughts go forth; (β) evil inclination, Job 31:7 אֶללֵֿב שִׁקּוּצֵיהֶם ֗֗֗ לִבָּם הֹלֵךְ Ezek 11:21 followed by אַהֲרֵי גִלּוּלֵיהֶם Ezek 20:16, אַחֲרֵי בִצְעָם Ezek 33:31 (2) נֶפֶשׁ = desire, טוֺב מַרְאֵה עֵינַיִם מֵהֲלָךְנֶֿפֶשׁ Eccl 6:9 better is sight of the eyes than outgoing of desire

4. other figurative uses: depart from מִפְּנֵי Hos 11:2 (from prophets as God's messengers; opposed to קָרָא); go into, הָֽלְכוּ בַכְּלִמָּה Isa 45:16 they have gone into confusion (judgment on idol-makers); etc. Niph`al Perfect 1 singular כְּצֵל כִּנְטוֺתוֺ נֶהֱלָ֑כְּתִּי Ps 109:23 like a shadow when it stretches out I am gone (compare היה Niph`al) Pi`el (chiefly in poetry & late) Perfect הִלַּכְּתִּי Job 30:28; Ps 131:1 הִלָּ֑כְּתִּי Ps 38:7 3 plural הִלְּכוּ Job 24:10; Lam 5:18 Imperfect יְהַלֵךְ Ezek 18:9 + 2 t.; וַיְהַלֵּךְ 1Kgs 21:27 1 singular אֲהַלֵךְ Ps 86:11 + 2 t.; 3 masculine plural יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ Hab 3:11 + 2 t.; יְהַלֵּכ֑וּן Ps 89:16 + 2 t.; 1 plural נְהַלֵךְ Ps 55:15; Isa 59:9 Imperative הַלֵךְ Eccl 11:9 Participle מְהַלֵךְ Prov 6:11; Ps 104:3 מְהַלְּכִים Eccl 4:15 —

1. walk in or with a throng followed by בְּ local: נְהַלֵךְ בְּרָ֑גֶשׁ ׳בְּבֵית א Ps 55:15 walk, tread on coals עַלהַֿגֶּחָלִים Prov 6:28 of idols Ps 115:7 they do not walk, have not the power of walking (compare יִצְעָ֑דוּ Jer 10:5); of one tramping, formidable, simile of poverty וּבָאכִֿמְהַלֵּךְ רֵאשֶׁ֑ךָ Prov 6:11, — a highwayman according to Ges Ew Hi Now, compare ᵐ5; || מַחְסֹרְךָ כְּאִישׁ מָנֵן compare also Hithpa`el Prov 24:34); of ׳י walking (in majesty), marching, לְַכַּֿנְפֵי רוּחַ Ps 104:3 on the wings of the wind; of righteousness, personified, צֶדֶק לְפָנָיו יְהַלֵךְ Ps 85:14 of wisdom בְּאֹרַה צְדָקָה אֲהַלֵךְ Prov 8:20 in the path of righteousness do I walk (stedfastly, unswervingly); of animals, go about, prowl, עַל הַרצִֿיּוֺן שֶׁח֯שָּׁמֵם שׁוּעָלִים הִלְּכוּ ב֑וֺ (Qr שֶּׁשָּׁמֵם) Lam 5:18, of ships, in (stately) movement Ps 104:26 of springs Ps 104:10 between mountains they go (run, flow); of arrows Hab 3:11 at the light of thine arrows that go (fly, shoot; compare Hithpa`el Ps 77:18).

2. also of walking about = living הַמְֿהַלְּכִים תַּחַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ Eccl 4:15 עָרוֺם הִלְּכוּ בְּלִי לְבוּשׁ Job 24:10 nacked they keep going about (frequently), without clothing; so of going about as mourner קֹדֵר הִלַּכְּתִּי Job 30:28; Ps 38:7 (compare Qal Ps 42:10); בַּאֲפֵלוֺת נְהַלֵךְ Isa 59:9 in darkness we walk (of distress); on the other hand בְּאוֺר פָּנֶיךָ יְהַלֵּכ֑וּן Ps 89:16 (of blessedness & prosperity).

3. depart, go entirely away (מִן) מִמְּקוֺם קָדוֺשׁ יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ Eccl 8:10 from the holy place they must depart (on text compare VB; || וְיִשְׁתַּכְּחוּ בָעִיר).

4. figurative of mode of life, action, etc.: of particular path of one's life בְּאֹרַחזֿוּ אֲהַלֵךְ Ps 142:4 specifically in good sense וַיְהַלֵּךְ אַ֑ט 1Kgs 21:27 and he (Ahad) walked softly (as a penitent); oftener with בְּ of path in which: בִּדְרָכַי יְהַלֵּ֑כוּ Ps 81:14 that in my ways they would walk ! compare Ps 86:11 (בַּאֲמִתֶּ֑ךָ), Ezek 18:9 (בְּחֻקּוֺתַי); in bad or doubtful sensse וְהַלֵךְ בְּדַרְכֵי לִבְּךָ וּבְמַרְאֵי עֵינֶי֑ךָ Eccl 11:9 compare also לֹא הִלַּכְּתּי בִּגְדֹלֹת Ps 131:1 I do not walk (move, tread) among great things (|| וּבְנִפְלָאוֺת מִמֶּנִּי; figurative of humility, compare also v^a). Hithpa`el Perfect הִתְהַלָּךְֿ Gen 6:9; 1Sam 30:31 וְהִתְהַלֵךְ consecutive Exod 21:19; 1Sam 2:35 2 masculine singular הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתָּ Ezek 28:14; Job 38:16 1 singular הִתְהַלַּכְּתִּי Gen 24:40 + 5 t., etc.; Imperfect יִתְהַלֵךְ Prov 23:31 יִתְהַלָּ֑ךְ Job 18:8; Job 22:14 1 singular אֶתְהַלֵּךְ Ps 43:2 + 2 t.; וְאֶתְהַלְּכָה Ps 119:45 3 masculine plural יִתְהַלְּכוּ 1Sam 2:30 + 2 t.; וַיִּתְהַלְּכוּ Judg 21:24 + 3 t.; יִתְהַלָּ֑כוּ 1Sam 23:13 + 3 t.; יִתְהַלָּכ֑וּן Ps 12:9 3 feminine plural וַתִּתְהַלַּכְנָה Zech 6:7, etc.; Imperative הִתְהַלַּךְ Gen 13:17; Gen 17:1 הִתְהַלְּכוּ Josh 18:8; Zech 6:7 Infinitive (לְ)הִתְהַלֵּךְ Ps 56:14 + 4 t.; suffix הִתְהַלֶּכְךָ Prov 6:22 Participle מִתְהַלֵּךְ Gen 3:8 + 7 t.; feminine singular מִתְהַלֶּכֶת Ezek 1:13 masculine plural מִתְהַלְּכִים 1Sam 25:27 — walk, walk about, move to and fro:

1. literal
a. traverse, in this direction and that, Gen 13:17 (J; בָּאָרֶץ) Josh 18:4 (JE), vJosh 18:8 (id.; ׳בָּאָרֶץ לְכוּ וְהִתְה compare Job 1:7 = Job 2:2 (both || שׁוּט) Zech 1:10; Zech 1:11 similarly also 1Chr 21:4 of fiery appearance in Ezekiel's vision בֵּין הַחַיּוֺת ׳מִתְה Ezek 1:13 of horses in Zechariah's vision Zech 6:7 (בָּאָרֶץ ׳לָלֶכֶת לְהִתְ), vZech 6:7 (׳לְכוּ הִתְהַלְּכוּ בָּא), vZech 6:7 go in different directions מִשָּׁם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל ֗֗֗ אִישׁ לְשִׁבְטוֺ ׳וַיִּתְה Judg 21:24 (|| וַיֵּצְאוּ מִשָּׁם etc.); so of lightning flashes as arrows of ׳י Ps 77:18 went hither & thither; of water running off different ways Ps 58:8 (simile of vanishing of wicked).
b. walk, walk about הִתְהַלֵךְ בַּחוּץ עַלמִֿשְׁעַנְתּוֺ Exod 21:19 (JE) i.e. leaning upon his staff; Prov 6:22 (distinguished from שָׁבַב, חֵקִיץ); 2Sam 11:2 (עַלגַֿנּ בֵּית הַמֶּלָךְ); וּבְחֵקֶר תְּהוֺם הִתְהֵלָּ֑כְתָּ Job 38:16 and in the farthest ground of the deep hast thou walked ? בְּתוֺךְ אַבְנֵיאֵֿשׁ הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתָּ Ezek 28:14 so also of ׳י walking on earth, in anthropomorphic conception אֱלֹהִים מִתְהַלֵךְ ׳קוֺל י בַּגָּן Gen 3:8 (J) the sound of ׳י Elohim walking about in the garden; of God (El) וְחוּג שָׁמַיִם יִתְהַלָּ֑ךְ Job 22:14 and the vault of heaven he walketh; walk about in front of (לִפְנֵי) Esth 2:11 attend, follow, of retainers הַמִּתְהַלְּכִים בְּרַגְלֵי אֲדֹנִי 1Sam 25:27 wander, of Israel מִגּוֺי אֶלגּֿוֺי Ps 105:13 = 1Chr 16:20 rove about, of David and his band אֲשֶׁרהִֿתְהַלֶּךְשָֿׁם 1Sam 30:31 וַיִּתְהַלְּכוּ בַּאֲשֶׁר יִתְּהָלָּ֑כוּ 1Sam 23:13 (on this phrase compare Lag^{Psalt. Hleron. 1874, 156 f.} Dr^Sm); walk about, prowl, of Jehoiachin under figure of lion, ׳וַיִתְה בְּתוֺךְאֲֿרָיוֺת Ezek 19:6 compare also וּבָאמִֿתְהַלֵךְ רֵישֶׁ֑ךָ Prov 24:34 and thy poverty cometh marching (compare Pi`el Prov 6:11); glide, flow of wine בְּמֵישָׁרִים ׳יִתְה Prov 23:31 glideth down smoothly (VB; compare Qal 3 Song 7:10); note especially the following, where emphasis lies not on verb, but on an auxiliary word; these cases form the natural transition to the figurative use: — Ps 12:9 on every side wicked men are walking; בְּצֶלֶם יִתְהָלֶּךְאִֿישׁ Ps 39:7 in appearance (semblance, literally image compare Che^{critical note}.) walketh a man; also לָמָּה קֹדֵר אֶתְהַלֵךְ Ps 43:2 (compare Qal Ps 42:10, Pi`el Ps 38:7; Job 30:28).

2. figurative walk about = live; the king before (לִפְּנֵי) his people 1Sam 12:2, so of Samuel v1Sam 12:2 of priest 1Sam 2:35 (לִפְנֵי מְשִׁיחִי); of friendly intercourse with (אֶת) men 1Sam 25:15 compare כְּרֵעַ כְּאָחלִֿי הִתְהַלָּ֑כְתִּי Ps 35:14 of man's relation to God: especially followed by לִפְנֵי, לְפָנָי וֶהְיֵהתָמִים ׳ה Gen 17:1 (P) walk before me (live constantly in my presence) and (so) be perfect, compare Gen 24:40 (J), Gen 48:15 (E); לְפָנֶיךָ בֶּאֱמֶת וּבְלֵבָכ שָׁלֵם ׳ה 2Kgs 20:3 = Isa 38:3 as token of divine favour יִתְהַלְּכוּ לְפָנַי עַדעֿוֺלָם 1Sam 2:20 (see especially Dr, on sense here & elsewhere); Ps 116:9 בְּאַרְצוֺת הַחַיִּים ׳אֶתְּהַלֵּךְ לִפְנֵי י, Ps 56:14 (בְּאוֺר הַחַיִּים); בִּשְׁמוֺ ׳יִתְה Zech 10:12 they shall walk in his name; with אֶת, of Enoch and Noah אֶתהָֿאֱלֹחִים ׳ה Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9 (denoting intimacy, fellowship: all P); further בַּאֲמִתֶּ֑ךָ ׳ה Ps 26:3 I have walked in thy faithfulness; בְּתֻמּוֺ ׳מִתְה צַדִּיק Prov 20:7 he that walketh justly in his (own) integrity; בְּתָםלְֿבָבִי בְּקֶרֶב בֵּיתִּי ׳אֶתְה Ps 101:2 compare also Ps 119:45 and let me walk in a large place (untrammelled, undismayed); of the wicked מִתְהַלֵּךְ בַּאֲשָׁמָיו Ps 68:22 onegoing on in his guilty deeds; ׳בַּחֲשֵׁכָה יִתְה Ps 82:5 they walk in darkness (|| לֹא יָָֽדְעוּ וְלֹא יָבִינוּ); of their exposure ׳עַלשְֿׁבָכָה יִתְה Job 18:8 he walketh on net-work, (snare, compare שׂבכה; || שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו); especially of ׳י as accompanying Israel בְּקֶרֶב מַחֲנֶךָ ׳מִתְח Deut 23:15 walk in the midst, etc., בְּתוֺכְכֶם Lev 26:12; 2Sam 7:7 wherever (בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר) I have walked with (among בְּ) all (the sons of) Israel = 1Chr 17:6 as inhabiting a tent, on the march, וָּאֶהְיֶה מִתְהַלֵּךְ בְּאֹהֶל וּבְמִשְׁכָּ֑ן 2Sam 7:6 and I was walking in a tent and in a tabernacle. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הוֺלִיךְ (as if from ילך, i.e. a verb פו֞, compare references below Qal Imperfect above) 2Kgs 24:15 suffix הוֺלִיכְךָ Deut 8:2, וְהוֺלִיכוֺ consecutive Prov 16:29, etc.; Imperfect יוֺלִיךְ Eccl 10:20, יוֺלִךְ Jer 32:5 jussive יוֺלֵךְ Deut 28:36 שֶׁיֹּלֵךְ Eccl 5:14 וַיּוֺ֫לֶךְ Exod 14:21 וַיֹּ֫לֶךְ 2Kgs 6:19 + 2 t.; וַיֹּלַ֖ךְ Lam 3:2 suffix וִיּוֺלִכֵּ נִי Ezek 40:24; Ezek 43:1; Ezek 47:6 1 singular אוֺלִיךְ 2Sam 13:13; Ezek 32:14, cohortative וְאוֺלִיכָה 2Kgs 6:19, וָאוֺלֵךְ Amos 2:10 + 3 t., etc.; Imperative הוֺלֵךְ Num 17:11 feminine singular הֵילִיכִי Exod 2:9 (Bö^{ii. 461, § 1103};; but read probably הוֺלִיכִי Ol^{§ 256, b} Ges^{«GKC:69»§ 69}, 2, R 8); masculine plural הֹלִיכוּ 2Kgs 17:27 Infinitive suffix לְהֹלִיכוֺ 2Chr 36:6 Participle מוֺלִיךְ Jer 2:6 + 4 t.; suffix מוֺלִיכְךָ Deut 8:15, מוֺלִכֵךְ Jer 2:17 מוֺלִיכָם Isa 63:13 feminine plural מוֺלִכוֺת Zech 5:10 —

1. lead, bring: followed by accusative usually of person;
a. with בְּ of space or region through which, Deut 8:15 (Israel in wilderness) Jer 2:6; Ps 136:16, so also Isa 48:21 בַּדָּ֑רֶךְ Jer 2:17 compare Josh 24:3 (E), Isa 63:13; Ps 106:9 also figurative Isa 42:16 and I will lead (the) blind in a way (בְּדֶרֶךְ) they know not;
b. with accusative of person, בְּ of space + accusative of time וָאוֺלֵךְ אֶתְכֶם אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה בַּמִּדְבָּר Deut 29:4 so Amos 2:10 (followed by Infinitive of purpose with לְ).
c. followed by accusative of person + accusative of way, road, Deut 8:2, compare דֶּרֶךְ הַדָּרוֺם Ezek 40:24 (accusative of direction).
d. followed by accusative of person + accusative of place or condition to which אֶתנְֿשֵׁי הַמֶּלֶךְ ֗֗֗ הוֺלִיךְ גּוֺלָה 2Kgs 24:15 the women of the king, etc., he led into exile (מִירוּשָׁלְם בָבֶ֑לָה); so also, of exile וְהוֺלַכְּתִּיהָ הַמִּדְבָּר Hos 2:16 בָּבֶל Jer 32:5 compare of Yahwesh's chastisement, Lam 3:2 me hath he driven and brought, into darkness and not into light; followed by accusative of person + אֶלגֿוֺי ׃אל etc. Deut 28:36 (of exile); אֶלנַֿחֲלֵימַֿיִם Jer 31:9 אֶלהַֿשַּׁעַר Ezek 43:1 אֶלהָֿעֵדָה Num 17:11 (P; implicit object being censer); אֶל of person 2Kgs 6:19; Jer 52:26, עַל in || 2Kgs 25:20 עַל also 1Kgs 1:38 וַיֹּלִכוּ אֹתוֺ עַלגִּֿיחוֺן (see below עַל 7 c β).
e. followed by accusative of person + ָ ה locative: שֹׁמְרֹ֫נָה 2Kgs 6:19 בָּבֶּ֫לָה 2Chr 33:11; 2Chr 36:6 (compare 2Kgs 24:15 above); compare שָׁ֫מָּה 2Kgs 17:27.

2. lead away followed by accusative of person + apposition; מוֺלִיךְ יוֺעֲצִים שׁוֺלָ֑ל Job 12:17 he (׳י) leadeth away counsellors despoiled compare vJob 12:19 of Yahweh's judgment on the wicked Ps 125:5 ׳י will lead them away with (אֶת) the workers of iniquity.

3. carry, bring: with object helpless, or inanimate:
a. + accusative of location, Josiah to Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַם) 2Chr 35:24 (וַיְבִיאֻהוּ in || 2Kgs 23:30); compare Zech 5:10 whither are these carrying the ephah? אָ֫נָה אוֺלִיךְ אֶתחֶֿרְפָּתִי 2Sam 13:13.
b. carry, take, take away, חֵילִיכִי אֶתהַֿיֶּלֶד Exod 2:9 (E; on form compare above); also carry away בְּיָדוֺ, in his hand, Eccl 5:14 of the spread of a careless speech Eccl 10:20 fowl of the heavens shall carry the voice (|| בַּעַל ה֯כְּנָפַיִם יַגֵּיד דָּבָר).

4. figurative, of influence on character: with accusative of person + בְּ into: Prov 16:29 and he will lead him into a way

that is not good (i.e. sinful).

5. a. cause to walk, go, men (i.e. עַמִּי יִשְׂרָאֵל) on (עַל) the mountains of Israel Ezek 36:12 (|| וִירֵשׁוּךָ, וְהָיִיתָ לָהֶם לְנַחֲלָה); compare וָאוֺלֵךְ אֶתְכֶם קוֺמֲמִיּוּת Lev 26:13 and I caused you to walk upright (figurative; opposed to being bowed down by a yoke); Isa 63:12 that caused his glorious arm to go at (לְ) the right hand of Moses.
b. cause to flow, run Ezek 32:14 and rivers like oil will I cause to flow.
c. cause to depart, retire, go back, ׳י, the sea, Exod 14:21 (בְּ instrumental, בְּרוּחַ קָדִים).

BDB4419 H1980

לְךָ = לְכָה Imperative of הָלַךְ q. v.

BDB4423 H1980

לְכָה, לֵ֑כָה Imperative from הָלַךְ q. v.; לְכָה also for לְךָ to thee Gen 27:37.

go, went, walk, walked, come, …

hālak

to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)

to go, walk, come

(Qal)

to go, walk, come, depart, proceed, move, go away

to walk

to traverse

לְ שָׁל֑וֹם

לְ

Prefix — preposition to, for

שָׁל֑וֹם

Root word peace, well, peaceably, welfare, prosperity, …

Dictionary form: שָׁלוֹם · shaw-LOME

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: in peace

peace ×61 in peace ×39 of peace ×20 and peace ×9 peaceably ×5 for peace ×4 is it peace ×4 well ×3

More options

peace — Broadest rendering; suits most contexts naturally.

well-being — Captures holistic welfare — physical, social, spiritual.

wholeness — Emphasizes completeness and integrity of the concept.

welfare — Prefer for contexts focused on someone's condition or state.

prosperity — Use when material or communal flourishing is in view.

safety — Best when protection from harm is the primary nuance.

BDB8734 H7965 H3073

שָׁלוֺם₂₃₇ noun masculine^{Isa 54:13} completeness, soundness, welfare, peace (Lag^{BN 174}); — ׳שׁ Gen 29:6 +; שָׁלֹם (rare) Ezek 13:16 +; construct שְׁלוֺם Gen 37:14 +; suffix שְׁלוֺמִי Ps 41:10 +, etc.; plural (all dubious) שְׁלוֺמִים Jer 13:19; Ps 69:23 suffix שְׁמָֹיו Ps 55:21 —

1. completeness in number, הָגְלָת שְׁלוֺמִים Jer 13:19 Judah is wholly carried captive (but read גָּלוּת שְׁלֵמָה, compare Amos 1:6 so ᵐ5 We^Amos SS Buhl).

2. safety, soundness, in body, אֵין שָׁלוֺם בַּעֲצָמַי Ps 38:4 לְשָׁלוֺם Isa 38:17 שָׁלוֺם אָהֳלֶ֑ךָ (Ges^{«GKC:141c»§ 141c}) Job 5:24 is safe, secure.

3. welfare, health, prosperity: ׳לשׁ ׳שָׁאַל לפ ask one about welfare Gen 43:27 (J), Exod 18:7 (E), Judg 18:15 + 7 t., compare 2Sam 11:7 (3 t. in verse); pregnantly ירד לשׁלום 2Kgs 10:13 descend (to ask) about welfare of, compare 1Sam 17:18; Jer 38:4 ׳הלד לשׁ Exod 4:18 (E) + 5 t.; ׳עלה לשׁ Gen 44:17 (J), 1Sam 25:35 ׳דבּר לשׁ Gen 37:4 (JE); ׳שָׁלוֺם ל be well with Gen 29:6; Gen 43:23; Gen 43:28 (J), Judg 6:23; Judg 19:20; 1Sam 20:7; 1Sam 20:21 + 10 t., 2Kgs 4:26 (3 t. in verse); שָׁלוֺם בְּ Ps 122:7; Ps 122:8 may it be well in; absolute as object of אָמַר well, be well, ׳שׁ Gen 29:6 (J), 2Sam 18:28; 2Kgs 9:11; 2Kgs 9:17; 2Kgs 9:18; 2Kgs 9:19; 2Kgs 9:22; Jer 6:14 (twice in verse) + 10 t.; הֲשָׁלוֺם אֲבִיכֶם (Ges^{«GKC:141c»§ 141c}) Gen 43:27 (J); בּ(וֺ)אֶ֑ךָ ׳שׁ 1Sam 16:4 (see Dr), 1Kgs 2:13 ׳אֵין שׁ Jer 6:14 + 3 t.; לרשׁעים ׳אין שׁ Isa 48:22; Isa 57:21 but ראה רשׁעים ׳שׁ Ps 73:3 ׳רֹב שׁ Ps 37:11; Ps 72:7 ׳פ ׳שׁאל שׁ Ps 122:6 ׳דרשׁ שׁ (|| טוב) Deut 23:7; Ezra 9:12 יוֺסִיפוּ לָךְ ׳שׁ Prov 3:2 ׳בַּשׁ Job 15:21 in time of prosperity.

4. peace, quiet, tranquility, contentment, Isa 32:17 (|| וָבֶטַח הַשְׁקֵט); ׳שָׁכַב בשׁ Ps 4:9 (to sleep); depart life ׳בְּשׁ in tranquillity Gen 15:15 (R^JE), 1Kgs 2:6 + 3 t., יְבוֺא Isa 57:2 ׳אַחֲרִית לְאִישׁ שׁ Ps 37:37 ׳בא בשׁ Exod 18:23 (E) come in contentment; ׳ארץ שׁ Jer 12:5 ׳נְוֵה שׁ (|| מבטחים) Isa 32:18, compare Jer 25:37 מִפָּ֑חַד ׳שׁ Job 21:9 ולשׁלומים לְמקֵשׁ Ps 69:23 security, (let it) become a trap (but ᵐ5 Aq Symm Theod Jerome ׳וּלְשִׁלּוּמִים וּלְמ, Du (compare ᵑ7) וּשְׁלָמִים peace-offerings, and שֻׁלְחָן v^a).

5. peace, friendship:
a. human relations: אֱנוֺשׁ שְׁמִֹי Jer 20:10 man of my friendship, compare Jer 38:22; Obad 1:7; Ps 41:10 בין ׳עֲצַת שׁ Zech 6:13 ׳יֹעֲצֵי שׁ Prov 12:20 (אֵת, עִם) ׳דבּר שׁ Ps 28:3; Ps 35:20; Jer 9:7 ׳בקּשׁ שׁ Ps 34:15 ׳ידע שׁ Isa 59:8 ׳דֶּרֶךְ שׁ vIsa 59:8 שׁלּח ׳בשׁ Gen 26:29 (J); ׳הלן בשׁ vGen 26:31 (J), 1Sam 29:7 + 4 t.; ׳שׁוב בשׁ 2Sam 15:27 || צדקה in Messianic reign Ps 72:3.
b. peace with God, especially in covenant relation: Isa 54:10 ברית covt. of my peace, compare Num 25:12 (P), Ezek 34:25; Ezek 37:26, also Mal 2:5 ׳שׁ ׳י as name of altar Judg 6:24 ׳י subject לְ ׳שׁם שׁ Num 6:26 (P); ׳בֵּרַךְ בשׁ Ps 29:11 ׳חפץ שׁ Ps 35:27 לְ ׳עשׂה שׁ Jer 33:9 ׳מֵאֵת אָסַף שׁ Jer 16:5 (|| חסד); אֶל ׳דבּר שׁ Ps 85:9 ׳נתן שׁ Hag 2:9 ׳מחשׁבות שׁ Jer 29:11 man subject ׳ל ׳עשׂח שׁ Isa 27:5 (twice in verse); ׳הלן בשׁ Mal 2:6. In this sense || אֶדֶק Ps 85:11, || אְדָקָה Isa 54:13; Isa 60:17, || שִׂמְחָה Isa 55:12, is like a river Isa 48:18; Isa 66:12 עַליֿשׂראל׳שׁ Ps 125:5; Ps 128:6, ׳רָב לְאֹהֲבֵי דוֺרָדֶ֑ךָ שׁ Ps 119:165; ׳מוּסַר שׁ Isa 53:5 chastisement for our peace (but SS Buhl שִׁלֻּמֵינוּ).

6. peace from war: (ל) ׳עשׂה שׁ make peace (with) Josh 9:15; Job 25:2 בארץ ׳נתן שׁ Lev 26:6 (H); בין ׳ובין שׁ Judg 4:17; 1Sam 7:14; 1Kgs 5:26 ׳קרא (ל)שׁ Deut 20:10; Judg 21:13; Mic 3:5 ׳שׁוב בשׁ Josh 10:21 (E), Judg 8:9; Judg 11:31 ׳בא בשׁ 2Sam 19:25; 2Sam 19:31 + 7 t.; לְ ׳היה שׁ 1Kgs 5:4 + 3 t., compare 2Sam 17:3 (see Dr); ׳בקּשׁ שׁ Ezek 7:25 ׳מלאכי שׁ Isa 33:7 רָשֶׁקֶט ׳נתן שׁ 1Chr 22:9 ׳מוֺצְאֵת שׁ Song 8:10 (ו)אמת ׳שׁ Isa 39:8 = 2Kgs 20:19 + 3 t., compare Zech 8:19 ׳עֵת שׁ Eccl 3:8 ׳בְּשׁ 1Kgs 2:5 in time of peace; ׳שַׂר שׁ Isa 9:5 (Messianic title), compare ׳זֶה שׁ Mic 5:4.

7. as adjective שְׁמָֹיו Ps 55:21 those at peace with him (read שֹׁלְמָיו Bae Buhl Du, or שְׁלֵטָיו SS; ᵐ5 apparently שִׁלּוּמָיו).

peace, well, peaceably, welfare, prosperity, …

šālôm

safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace

completeness, soundness, welfare, peace

completeness (in number)

of human relationships

וֵ ֽאלֹהֵ֣י

וֵ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

ֽאלֹהֵ֣י

Root word god, gods, judges, great, goddess, …

Dictionary form: אֱלֹהִים · eh-loh-HEEM

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and the god

god ×587 thy god ×320 of god ×316 your god ×162 our god ×116 the god ×110 gods ×95 their god ×62

More options

God — Preferred for the God of Israel; singular context.

gods — Use for polytheistic or plural divine beings.

deity — Neutral, academic tone; suits comparative religion contexts.

divine being — Emphasizes nature over identity; good for ambiguous referents.

judge — Use when context is legal or judicial authority.

mighty one — Captures intensifying plural; rare angelic or hero contexts.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

יהוה_{c. 6823} i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺה^C518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה₃₀₅ (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philo^{de Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529}), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö^{§ 88}). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see Lag^{Sym i.14} Baud^{Studien i.179 ff.}; Dr^{Stud.Bib.i.1 ff.} For Jeve see Sta^{ZAW 1881, 346} De^{ib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.}

2. on literature of interpretations see Nes^Eg.67 Dr^{l.c. — Many recent scholars explain} יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, Nes^Eg.88 (but Nes^{Eg.91 inclines to Qal as} RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev} see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RS^{OTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245}, compare We^{Skizzen iii.175}; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, Sta^G.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876}, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ew^infr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Dr^l.c.17)).

**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by Bau^{Rel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230)}; Dl^{Pa 162 ff.} claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kue^{national Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.)} Jastr^{JBL xiil {1894}, 103 f.} compare Hpt^{BAS i. 170 N}; Dl^{Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f.} makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially Hirsch^{ZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff.} Zim^{KATS. 465 ff.}; Spiegelb^{ZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff.} proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in Kö^{EB NAMES, § 112 and n.3}. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to Schw^{ThLZ, 1905, col. 612}.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare Ew^{BTh ii. 337, 338} RS^{l.c., Proph. 385 ff.} Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc Lag^{Psalt.Hieron.156}); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich We^JD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI¹⁸. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b Dl^{Pa 158 ff.} Dr^{Stud. Bib. i. 7 ff}.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D²); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D² 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D² 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by R^P as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.

2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.

3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — Bonk^{ZAW 1891, 126 ff.} seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2170 H1984 H430 H3050

II. [הָלַל] verb be boastful, Pi`el praise (Arabic shout, both in joy & (if conjecture of Nö RS be right, see citation below) in terror; especially II. in formula of worship; Syriac Pa`el cecinit, laudavit; compare Late Hebrew הִלּוּל praise, הַלֵּל id., Hallel (Psalm 113-118); Aramaic הִילּוּלָא marriage-song, &c.; on Assyrian alâlu, shout for joy, rejoice see Lyon^{Sargontexte 66 (Cylinder. 1. 36)} also Winckler^{Sargontexte 134, 1. 194; 156. 1. 149} KB^{44. 1. 36; 80. 1. 194}; all variations of cry aloud, compare Nö^{ZMG 1887, 723} RS^{Semitic 411}; perhaps originally break through, or out (in a cry), compare We^{Skizzen iii. 107 ff., especially 109}; compare also (according to Prät^{BAS i. 369 f.}) Ethiopic implore (compare Amharic, Tigrinya), & swear) —

Qal Imperfect 2 masculine plural תָּהֹ֑לּוּ Ps 75:5 Participle הוֺלֲלִים Ps 5:6 + 2 t.; — be boastful אַלתָּֿהֹ֑לּוּ Ps 75:5 (|| אַלֿ (תָּרִימוּקָ֑רֶן); Participle boastful ones, boasters Ps 5:6 (|| פֹּעֲלֵי אָוֶן); Ps 73:3; Ps 75:5 (both || רְשָׁעִים). Pi`el Perfect הִלֵּל Ps 10:3, 1 singular suffix הִלַּלְתִּיךָ Ps 119:164 3 masculine plural וְהִלֲלן consecutive Isa 62:9, suffix הִלֲלוּךָ Isa 64:10. etc.; Imperfect יְהַלֶּלֿ Ps 63:6; Ps 102:19 suffix יְהַלֶּלְךָ Prov 27:2, יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ Isa 38:18, וַיְהַלֲלָהּ Prov 31:38: 1 singular אֲהַלֵּל Ps 56:5 + 2 t., cohortative אֲהַלֲלָה Ps 69:31 + 2 t., etc.; Imperative feminine singular הַלֲלִי Ps 146:1; Ps 147:12 masculine plural הַלְלוּ Ps 104:35 + 30 t. Psalm + Jer 20:13; Jer 31:7 suffix הַלֲלוּ֫הוּ Ps 22:24 + 15 t. Psalms; Infinitive absolute הַלֵּל 1Chr 16:36 construct הַלֵּל 2Sam 14:25 + 16 t. Chronicles; Participle plural מְהַלֲלִים 1Chr 23:5 + 4 t. Chronicles; —

1. praise man or woman, accusative וַיְהַלֲלוּ אֹתָהּ אֶלפַּֿרְעֹה Gen 12:15 (J) and they praised her to Pharaoh, compare Prov 27:2; Prov 31:28; Prov 31:31; Song 6:9 וְהַמְהַלֲלִים אֶתהַֿמֶּלָךְ 2Chr 23:12 and those praising (shouting acclamations to) the king; see also לְהַלֵּל מְאֹד 2Sam 14:25 (of Absalom's beauty); in bas sense עֹזְבֵי תוֺרָה יְהַלֲלוּ רָשָׁע Prov 28:4 deserters of law praise a wicked man.

2. usually praise אֱלֹהִים, ׳י etc.;
a. followed by accusative of heathen god Judg 16:24.
b. object ׳(אֱלֹהִים) י; Ps 119:164 (עַל on account of), subject heaven, earth, seas, etc., Ps 69:35 תְּחִי נַפְשִׁי ותְהַלֲלֶךָּ Ps 119:175 in summons to all creatures to praise Ps 148:5; Ps 148:13; Isa 38:18 לֹא שְׁאוֺל תּוֺדֶךָּ מָוֶת יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ (compare Ps 115:17); often of Public worship in sanctuary, Isa 62:9 (thanks giving in sanctuary after harvest), compare Isa 64:10; Ps 22:23 (|| אֲסַפְּרָה שִׁמְךָ), vPs 22:27; Ps 35:18; Ps 109:30 (both || אוֺדְךָ) Ps 107:32 (|| יְרוֺמֲמוּהוּ) Ps 84:5, see also Ps 146:2 (|| ׳אֲזַמְּרָה לֵא) Ps 149:3 (with בְּ instrumental; || יְזַמְּרוּ לוֺ); also object ׳שֵׁם י (in some cases of public worship) Ps 74:21; Ps 148:5; Joel 2:26 (thanksgiving after harvest); שֵׁםאֱֿלֹהִים בְּשִׁיר Ps 69:31 (|| וִאֲגַדְּלֶנּוּ בְתוֺדָה), Ps 145:2 (|| אֲבָֽרֲכֶ֑ךָּ); further, Ps 56:5 בֵּאלֹהִים אֲהַלֵּל דְּבָרוֺ, also vPs 56:11 + vPs 56:11b ׳ביהוה וגו, but compare Hup Che on 11:b as editorial addition; object not expressed אֶתעַֿמְּךָ ׳הַשְׁמִיעוּ הַלֲלוּ וְאִמְרוּ הוֺשַׁע י Jer 31:7, וְשִׂפְתֵי רְנָנוֺת יְהַלֶּלפִּֿי Ps 63:6.
c. use of Imperative deserves special notice: הַלֲלוּהוּ Ps 22:24 (|| כַּבְּדוּהוּ; of temple-worship compare vPs 22:23 vPs 22:25); also in summons to angles, sun, moon, etc. (all created things) to praise ׳י Ps 148:2 (twice in verse); Ps 148:3 (twice in verse); Ps 148:4; Ps 150:1 of temple-worship Ps 150:2 (בְּ on account of) vPs 150:2 (כְּ), vPs 150:3 vPs 150:3 vPs 150:4 vPs 150:4 vPs 150:5 vPs 150:5 (all with בְּ instrumental); further Jer 20:13 (|| ׳שִׁירוּ לי), ׳הַלֲלוּ אֶתיֿ Ps 117:1 (addressed to nations, || שַׁבְּחוּהוּ), Ps 148:7 (created things), חַלֲלִי אֱלֹהַיִךְ צִיּוֺן Ps 147:12 (|| שַׁבְּחִי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ ׳אֶתיֿ).
d. note especially: praise ye yah! הַלֲלויָֿהּ Ps 135:3, liturgical (|| זַמְּרוּ לִשְׁמוֺ); elsewhere always one word see Baer^{Psalm p.115}, & always at beginning or end of Psalm (chiefly late), apparently liturgical; הַלֲלוּיָהֿ֑ Ps 104:35 (|| ׳בָּֽרְכִי נַפְשִׁי אֶתיֿ), elsewhere ׃הַלֲלוּיָהּ (I) at beginning Ps 106:1; Ps 111:1 (both || הודה) Ps 112:1; Ps 113:1 (|| הַלֲלוּ & ׳אֶתשֵֿׁם י ׳ה), Ps 135:1 (|| id.), Ps 146:1 (|| ׳הַלֲלִי נַפְשִׁי אֶתיֿ), Ps 147:1 (followed by זַמְּרָה in clause with כִּי), Ps 148:1 (|| ׳הַלֲלוּ אֶתיֿ, הַלֲלוּהוּ), Ps 149:1 (|| ׳שִׁירוּ לי), Ps 150:1 (|| הַלֲלוּאֵֿל, הַלֲלוּהוּ); (2) at end Ps 104:35 (above), Ps 105:45; Ps 106:48; Ps 113:9; Ps 115:18 (|| נְבָרֵךְ יָהּ), Ps 116:19; Ps 117:2; Ps 135:21 (|| ׳בָּרוּךְ י) Ps 146:10; Ps 147:20; Ps 148:14; Ps 149:9; Ps 150:6 (|| כֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ); add to these (not liturgical) יְהַלֶּליָֿהּ Ps 102:19, כֹּל נְשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ Ps 150:6, לֹא הַמֵּתִים יְהַלֲלויָֿהּ Ps 115:17.
e. also followed by ליהוה, in Chronicles, of technical Levitical function (compare Lag^{Or.ii.16 ff.}, who limits this technical הלל to priests, using חֲצֹצְרוֺת, for a signal to the people; see e.g. Neh 12:24 compare vNeh 12:27), 1Chr 16:4 (with instrumental music, compare בִּכְלֵי כְבָלִים וּבְכִנֹּרוֺת & בַּמְצִלְתַּיִ ם, all v1Chr 16:5, and Neh 12:27) 1Chr 23:30; 1Chr 25:3 (all || הוֺדוֺת); exercised (apparently) by both priests and Levites Ezra 3:11 (|| הֹדוֺת) compare vEzra 3:11 by Levites 2Chr 20:19 (בְּקֹל גָּדוֺל), 2Chr 29:30 (בְּדִבְרֵי דָוִיד) in which the people also joined 1Chr 16:36 also 2Chr 5:13 (בַּחֲצֹצְרוֺת וּבִמְצִלְתַּיִם וּבִכְלֵי הַשִּׁיר compare also v2Chr 5:12 || הֹדוֺת, v2Chr 5:13 apparently of Levites & priests), בַּכֵּלִים ׳מְהַלֲלִים לי 1Chr 23:5 (Levites) compare 2Chr 30:21 (Levites & priests ׳בִּכְלֵי עֹז לי); followed by לְשֵׁם תִּפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָ 1Chr 29:13 (|| מוֺדִים; David speaks in name of people); followed by לְהַדְרַתקֹֿ֑דֶשׁ 2Chr 20:11 (before the army; || ׳מְשֹׁרֲרִים לי; probably of Levites, compare v2Chr 20:19). feminine followed by accusative ׳י Ezra 3:10 (priests & Levites: עַליְֿדֵי דָּוִיד), Neh 5:13 (people).
g. other forms, with like technical sense, but absolute: לְהַלֵּל לְהוֺדוֺת בְּמִצְוַת דָּוִיד Neh 12:24 (Levites) compare 1Chr 23:5; 2Chr 8:14; 2Chr 29:30 (עַדלְֿשִׂמְחָה) 2Chr 31:2 (apparently priests & Levites; ׳בְּשַׁעֲדֵי מַחֲנוֺת י; || לְשָׁרֵת וּלְהֹוֺדוֺת); see also מוֺדִיעִים לְהַלֵּל 2Chr 23:13 (|| מְשׁוֺרֲרִים בִּכְלֵי הַשִּׁיר בְּהַלֵּל דָּוִיד בְּיָדָם ). 2Chr 7:6 (|| הֹדוֺת ליהוּה)

3. apparently boast, male one's boast compare Qal 2 (followed by בְּ in, of), בֵּאלֹהִים Ps 44:9 (|| שִׁמְךָ לְעוֺלָם נוֺדֶה); so according to most, in bad sense, רָשָׁע עַלתַּֿאֲוַת נַפְשׁוֺ ׳ה Ps 10:3 a wicked man boasteth of the desire of his soul, but Che praiseth (׳י) for (i.e. in a mercenary spirit). Pu`al Perfect 3 plural הוּלָּ֑לוּ Ps 78:63 Imperfect יְהֻלַּלֿ Prov 12:8 Participle מְהֻלָּל 2Sam 22:4 + 6 t.; feminine הַהֻלָּ֑לָה Ezek 26:17 (compare Ol^{§ 250 c} Sta^{§ 220, 617 b}; ᵑ0, however, accents as Perfect, regarding הַ as = relative, see sta:§ 176 c Ges^{«GKC:52»§ 52}. 2, R. 6); — be praised,

1. human subject be praised, commended Prov 12:18 (opposed to יִהְיֶה לָבוּז); of maidens, praised, celebrated (in song) Ps 78:63 participle (see above) of city, renowned Ezek 26:17.

2. of ׳י only participle = gerundive, to be praised, worthy of praise 2Sam 22:4 = Ps 18:4 מְאֹד ׳וּמְה ׳גָּדוֺל י Ps 48:2; Ps 96:4 = 1Chr 16:25; Ps 145:3 so ׳שֵׁם י ׳מְה Ps 113:3. Hithpa. Imperfect יִתְהַלֵּל 1Kgs 20:11 + 5 t.; יִתְהַלָּ֑ל Prov 20:14 3 feminine singular תִּתְּהַלֵּל Ps 34:3, תִּתְּהַלָּ֑ל Prov 31:30 2 masculine singular תִּתְהַלֵּל Ps 52:3; Prov 27:1 תִּתְהַלָּ֑ל Isa 41:16 2 feminine singular תִּתְהַלֲלִי Jer 49:4 3 masculine plural יִתְהַלֲלוּ Ps 64:11; Isa 45:25 יִתְהַלָּ֑לוּ Isa 49:7; Jer 4:2 Imperative masculine plural הִתְהַלֲלוּ 1Chr 16:10; Ps 105:3 Infinitive לְהִתְהַלֵּל Ps 106:5 Participle מִתְהַלֵּל Prov 25:14; Jer 9:23 plural מִתְהַלֲלִים Ps 97:7 — glory, boast, make one's boast: —

1. of self-confident boasting, absolute 1Kgs 20:11 compare Prov 20:14 followed by בְּ of ground of boast Jer 9:22 (3 t. in verse); Jer 49:4; Ps 49:7; Ps 52:3; Prov 25:14, אַלתִּֿתְהַלֵּל בְּיוֺם מָחָר Prov 27:1 of glorying in idols הַמִּתְהַלֲלִים בָּאֱלִלִים Ps 97:7.

2. of glorying, making one's boast in (בְּ, on the ground of) ׳תִּתְהַלֵּל ׃י ׳בי נַפְשִׁי Ps 34:3, compare Isa 45:25; Jer 4:2 (|| וְהִתְבָּֽרְכוּ בוֺ); followed by בִּקְדוֺשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל Isa 41:16 see also Ps 105:3 = 1Chr 16:10 followed by ) בְּשֵׁם קָדְשׁוֺ || ׳(יִשְׂמַה לֵב מְבַקְשֵׁי י, compare further Jer 9:23 less often absolute Jer 9:23; Ps 63:12; Ps 64:11; followed by עִםנַֿחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ together with thine heritage (|| לִשְׂמֹהַ בְּשִׂמְהַת גּוֶֺ י֑ךָ).

3. once, late = passive be praised, commended, of God-fearing woman Prov 31:30. Po`el Imperfect יְהוֺלֵל Isa 44:25 + 2 t.; — make into a fool, make fool of, object שֹׁפְטִים Job 12:17 (subject ׳י; || מוֺלִיךְ יוֺעֲצִים שׁוֺלָ֑ל); object קֹסְמִים Isa 44:25 (subject ׳י || מֵפֵר אֹתוֺת בַּדִּים; object הָכָם Eccl 7:7 (subject הָעשֶׁק; || וִיאַבֵּד אֶתלֵֿב מַתָּנָה). Po`al Participle לִשְׂהוֺק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֺלָ֑ל Eccl 2:2 of laughter I said, It is mad (folly); מְהוֺלָלַי Ps 102:9 those mad against me (|| אוֺיְבָ֑י). Hithpo`el Imperfect וַיִּתְהֹלֵל 1Sam 21:14 3 masculine plural יִתְהֹלֲלוּ Jer 51:7, יִתְהוֺלֲלוּ Nah 2:5, יִתְהֹלֶ֑לוּ Jer 50:38 Imperative masculine plural הִתְהֹלֲלוּ Jer 49:9, הִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ Jer 25:16 — act madly, or like a madman, וַיִּתְהֹלֵל בְּיָדָם 1Sam 21:14 (of David) and he acted like a madman in their hands; of idolatrous worship by Chaldeans ׳וּבָאֵימִים יִתְה Jer 50:38 of nations, as drunken men, figurative of terror at Yahweh's judgements, Jer 25:16 (|| הִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ) Jer 51:7 also of madly driving & jolting chariots Nah 2:5; Jer 46:9.

BDB430 H430

אֱלֹהִים₂₅₇₀ noun masculine plural (feminine 1Kgs 11:33 on number of occurrences of אֵל, אֱלוֺהַּ, אֱלֹהִים compare also Nes^{l. c},)

1. plural in number.
a. rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power: האלהים Exod 21:6 (Onk ᵑ6, but τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ ᵐ5) Exod 22:7; Exod 22:8 אלהים Exod 22:8; Exod 22:27 (ᵑ7 Ra AE Ew RVm; but gods, ᵐ5 Josephus Philo AV; God, Di RV; all Covt. code of E) compare 1Sam 2:25 see Dr.; Judg 5:8 (Ew, but gods ᵐ5; God ᵑ6 BarHebr.; יהוה ᵑ9 Be) Ps 82:1; Ps 82:6 (De Ew Pe; but angels Bl Hup) Ps 138:1 (ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Rab Ki De; but angels ᵐ5 Calv; God, Ew; gods, Hup Pe Che).
b. divine ones, superhuman beings including God and angels Ps 8:6 (De Che Br; but angels ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew; God, RV and most moderns) Gen 1:27 (if with Philo ᵑ7 Jerome De Che we interpret נעשה as God's consultation with angels; compare Job 38:7).
c. angels Psalm Job 97:7 (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Calv; but gods, Hup De Pe Che); compare בני (ה)אלהים = (the) sons of God, or sons of gods = angels Job 1:6; Job 2:1; Job 38:7; Gen 6:2; Gen 6:4 (J; so ᵐ5 Books of Enoch & Jubilees Philo Jude vJude 1:6; 2Pet 2:4 Jos^{Ant. «JOSEPHUS:Antiquities 1:3»i. 3}. 1, most ancient fathers and modern critics; against usage are sons of princes, mighty men, Onk and Rab.; sons of God, the pious, Theod Chrys Jerome Augustine Luther Calv Hengst; ᵐ5^L read οἱ υιὁὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ), compare בני אלים.
d. gods האלהים Exod 18:11; Exod 22:19 (E) 1Sam 4:8; 2Chr 2:4; Ps 86:8 אלהי האלהים the God of gods, supreme God Deut 10:17; Ps 136:2 אלהים Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (JE) Judg 9:13 אלהים אחרים other gods Exod 20:3; Exod 23:13; Josh 24:2; Josh 24:16 (E) Deut 31:18; Deut 31:20 (JE) Deut 5:7 + (17 t. in D, not P) Judg 2:12; Judg 2:17; Judg 2:19; Judg 10:13; 1Sam 8:8; 1Sam 26:19; 1Kgs 9:6; 1Kgs 9:9 (= 2Chr 7:19; 2Chr 7:22) 2Chr 11:4; 2Chr 11:10; 2Chr 14:9; 2Kgs 5:17; 2Kgs 17:35; 2Kgs 17:37; 2Kgs 17:38; 2Kgs 22:17 (= 2Chr 34:25) 2Chr 28:25; Jer 1:16 + (18 t. Jeremiah) Hos 3:1 אלהי (ה)נכר foreign gods Gen 35:2; Gen 35:4; Josh 24:20; Josh 24:23 (E) Deut 31:16 (JE) Judg 10:16; 1Sam 7:3; 2Chr 33:15; Jer 5:19 נחור ׳א Gen 31:53 (E); מצרים ׳א Exod 12:12 (P) Jer 43:12; Jer 43:13 האמרי ׳א Josh 24:15 (E) Judg 6:10 ארם ׳א etc. Judg 10:6 אלהים מעשה ידי Deut 4:28 הגוים ׳א gods of the nations 2Kgs 18:33; 2Kgs 19:12; Deut 29:17; 2Chr 32:17; 2Chr 32:19; Isa 36:18; Isa 37:12 העמים ׳א Deut 6:14; Deut 13:8; Judg 2:12; Ps 96:5; 1Chr 5:25; 1Chr 16:26; 2Chr 32:13; 2Chr 32:14 כסף ׳א Exod 20:23 (E); זהב ׳א Exod 20:23 (E) Exod 32:31 (JE); מַסֵּכָה ׳א Exod 34:17 (J) Lev 19:4 (H).

2. Plural intensive.
a. god or goddess, always with suffix 1Sam 5:7 (Dagon), Judg 11:24 (Chemosh), 1Kgs 18:24 (Baal), Judg 9:27; Dan 1:2 (twice in verse); or construct לעשתרת מואב ׳צדנים לכמוש א ׳א to Ashtoreth goddess of the Zidonians, Chemosh god of Moab, etc. 1Kgs 11:33 הארץ ׳א god of the land 2Kgs 17:26 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 17:27, and so the Syrians suppose that Yahweh is a mountain-god and not a god of valleys 1Kgs 20:28.
b. godlike one Exod 4:16 (J; Moses in relation to Aaron), Exod 7:1 (P; in relation to Pharaoh), 1Sam 28:13 (the shade of Samuel), Ps 45:7 (the Messianic king, O God, ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Jerome, most scholars ancient and modern, but thy throne is God's = God's throne AE Ki Thea Ew Hup, compare 1Chr 28:5).
c. works of God, or things specially belonging to him (see אֵל 5) הר אלהים Ps 68:16; Ezek 28:14; Ezek 28:16 אש אלהים Job 1:16 גן (ה)אלהים Ezek 28:13; Ezek 31:8; Ezek 31:9.
d. God (see 3 & 4).

3. הָאֱלֹהִים the (true) God, הוא האלהים ׳י Yahweh is (the) God Deut 4:35; Deut 4:39; Deut 7:9; 1Kgs 8:60; 1Kgs 18:39 (twice in verse); 2Chr 33:13 הוא האלהים Isa 45:18 האלהים ׳י Josh 22:34 (P ?) 1Kgs 18:21; 1Kgs 18:24; 2Chr 32:16 אתה הוא האלהים 2Sam 7:28; 1Kgs 18:37; 2Kgs 19:15; 1Chr 17:26; Isa 37:16; Neh 9:7 האלהים as subject or object is used in E 33 t., Chronicles 38 t., Eccl 31 t., Jonah 5 t., elsewhere Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9; Gen 6:11 (sources of P) Gen 17:18 (P) Josh 22:34 (P ?) Gen 44:16 (J) Deut 4:35; Deut 4:39; Deut 7:9; Judg 6:36; Judg 6:39; Judg 7:14; Judg 10:14; Judg 16:28; Judg 21:2; 1Sam 10:3; 1Sam 10:7; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 2:27; 2Sam 6:7; 2Sam 7:28; 2Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 8:60; 1Kgs 18:21; 1Kgs 18:24 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 18:37; 1Kgs 18:39 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 19:15 (Ephr) Job 2:10; Jer 11:12; Isa 37:16; Isa 45:18; Ps 108:14; Dan 1:9; Dan 1:17 הקדוש ׳הא ׳י 1Sam 6:20 הגדול ׳הא ׳י Neh 8:6 אשר ׳בירושלם הא Ezra 1:3 אדני האלהים Dan 9:3 in many phrases, as איש האלהים the man of God, acting under divine authority and influence: =
(a) angel Judg 13:6; Judg 13:8,
(b) prophet (the term coming into use in the Northern kingdom in the age of Elijah 1Sam 9:9-10, compare אִישׁ הָרוּחַ Hos 9:7): of Moses Deut 33:1; Josh 14:6 (E) 1Chr 23:14; 2Chr 30:16; Ezra 3:2; Ps 90:1 of Samuel 1Sam 9:6-10 of David 2Chr 8:14; Neh 12:24; Neh 12:36 Shemaiah 1Kgs 12:22 (= 2Chr 11:2); Elijah, Elisha, and others of their time 1Kgs 13:1-31; 1Kgs 17:18-24; 1Kgs 20:28; 2Kgs 1:9-13; 2Kgs 4:7-42; 2Kgs 5:8-20; 2Kgs 6:6-15; 2Kgs 7:2-9; 2Kgs 8:2-11; 2Kgs 13:19; 2Kgs 23:16-17 (Ephr) 2Chr 25:7; 2Chr 25:9 unnamed prophet 1Sam 2:27 Hanan Jer 35:4 a later title of prophet was עֶבֶד האלהים the servant of God, used of Moses 1Chr 6:34; 2Chr 24:9; Neh 10:30; Dan 9:11. בית האלהים the house of God, Judg 18:31, especially late, Chronicles (52 t.) Eccl 4:17; Dan 1:2 ׳בית י ׳הא 1Chr 22:1 ארון (ברית) האלהים the ark (of the covenant) of God Judg 20:27; 1Sam 4:1-5:12; 1Sam 14; 2Sam 6:1-7:29; 2Sam 15 (23 t.); 1Chr 13; 1Chr 15; 1Chr 16; 2Chr 1:4 (13 t.); מטה האלהים the rod of God Exod 4:20; Exod 17:9 (E); הר האלהים the mount of God (Horeb) Exod 3:1; Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13 (E) 1Kgs 19:8 (Ephr); מלאך האלהים the (theophanic) angel of God Gen 31:11; Exod 14:19 (E) Judg 6:20; Judg 13:6; Judg 13:9; 2Sam 14:17; 2Sam 14:20; 2Sam 19:28 in other combinations Exod 18:16; Num 23:27 (E) Judg 20:2; 1Sam 4:8; 1Sam 5:11; 1Sam 10:5; 2Sam 16:23; 1Kgs 12:22; 1Chr 21:7 + (14 t.) Ps 87:3; Eccl 9:1.

4. אֱלֹהִים = God אֱלֹהִים אֱמֶת ׳י = Yahweh is God in truth Jer 10:10.
a. אלהים (as subject object direct or indirect) is used by P (50 t. in story of creation and deluge, elsewhere 28 t.), by E (91 t.), J chiefly in poetic sources Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Gen 3:5 (twice in verse); Gen 9:27; Gen 39:9; Deut 32:17; Deut 32:39, by D (11 t.) Judges (21 t.) Samuel (50 t.) Kings (29 t.) Chronicles (45 t.); in Psalm 42-86 (180 t. often by editorial change for an original יהוה), elsewhere Ps 3:3; Ps 5:11; Ps 7:11; Ps 7:12; Ps 9:18; Ps 10:4; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1; Ps 14:2; Ps 14:5; Ps 25:22; Ps 36:2; Ps 36:8; Ps 77:14; Ps 100:3; Ps 108:2; Ps 108:6; Ps 108:8; Ps 108:12 (twice in verse); Ps 149:9; Job 5:8; Job 20:29; Job 28:23; Job 32:2; Job 34:9 (& in Prologue 6 t.) Prov 2:5; Prov 3:4; Prov 25:2 Ecclesiastes (7 t.) Hosea (5 t.); Amos 4:11 (כמהפכת אלתים את סדם as God overthrew Sodom = Jer 50:40 = Isa 13:19) Zech 8:23; Zech 12:8; Mic 3:7 (but אליהם ᵐ5 ᵑ6) Isa 35:4 Isa² (9 t.); Jer 10:10 Ezekiel (13 t.); Malachi (5 t.); Jonah (4 t.); the phrase לאלהים ׳היה ל Gen 28:21 (E^R) Gen 17:7; Gen 17:8; Exod 6:7; Exod 29:45; Lev 11:45; Lev 22:33; Lev 25:38; Lev 26:12; Lev 26:45; Num 15:41 (P); Deut 26:17; Deut 29:13; 2Sam 7:24 (= 1Chr 17:22); Zech 8:8 Jeremiah (6 t.); Ezekiel (6 t.); אלהים צדיק righteous God Ps 7:10 קדשים ׳א holy God Josh 24:19 (E); חיים ׳א living God Deut 5:23; 1Sam 17:26; 1Sam 17:36; Jer 10:10; Jer 23:36 חי ׳א 2Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:16 (= Isa 37:4; Isa 37:17). For the phrases ׳יהוה א, צבאות ׳א ׳י, צבאות ׳א, ׳י ׳אל א, ׳יה א, ׳צבאות א ׳י, אלתי ׳י, צבאות, ׳אדני א see יהוה, יה, צבאות & אדני.
b. construct אֱלֹהֵי
(a) with persons אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם = God of Abraham, a phrase of J, Gen 26:24; Gen 28:13; Gen 31:53, elsewhere Ps 47:10; 1Kgs 18:36; 1Chr 29:18; 2Chr 30:6 אדני אברהם ׳א Gen 24:12; Gen 24:27; Gen 24:42; Gen 24:48 (J); אלהי אב father's God (various suffix & names), a phrase of E, Gen 31:5; Gen 31:29; Gen 31:42; Gen 46:3; Gen 50:17; Exod 3:6; Exod 3:13; Exod 3:15; Exod 3:16; Exod 15:2; Exod 18:4; Josh 18:3, elsewhere Gen 32:10; Gen 43:23 (J) Exod 4:5 (J ?) Deuteronomy (8 t.); Judg 2:12; 2Kgs 21:22 Chronicles (31 t.); Dan 11:37 אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel's God, phrase of E, Gen 33:20; Exod 5:1; Exod 24:10; Exod 32:27; Josh 8:30; Josh 14:14; Josh 22:16; Josh 24:2; Josh 24:23, elsewhere Exod 34:23; Josh 7:13; Josh 7:19; Josh 7:20 (JE) Num 16:9; Josh 9:18; Josh 9:19; Josh 22:24; Josh 10:40; Josh 10:42; Josh 13:14; Josh 13:33 (R see Di Josh 7:13) Judg 4:6; Judg 5:3; Judg 5:5; Judg 6:8; Judg 11:21; Judg 11:23; Judg 21:3; 1Sam 1:17 + (20 t.) Kings (26 t.) Chronicles (45 t.); Ps 41:14; Ps 106:48 (doxology) Ps 59:6; Ps 69:7; Isa 17:6; Isa 21:10; Isa 21:17; Isa 29:23 Isa³, Isa 24:15; Isa 37:16; Isa 37:21 Isa², Isa 41:17 + (6 t.); Jer 35:17 + (48 t.); Ezek 8:4 + (7 t.); Zeph 2:9; Mal 2:16; Ruth 2:12 מערכות ישראל ׳א God of the battle array of Israel 1Sam 17:45 ׳א יַעֲקֹב 2Sam 23:1 (poetry) Ps 20:2; Ps 46:8; Ps 46:12; Ps 75:10; Ps 76:7; Ps 81:2; Ps 81:5; Ps 84:9; Ps 94:7; Isa 2:3 (= Mic 4:2); העבריים ׳א God of the Hebrews Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 7:16; Exod 9:1; Exod 9:13 (JE); it is used with other proper names, Nahor Gen 31:53 (E), Shem Gen 9:26 (J), David 2Kgs 20:5; 2Chr 21:12; 2Chr 34:3; Isa 38:5, Hezekiah 2Chr 32:17, Elijah 2Kgs 2:14 ארני המלך ׳א the God of my lord the king 1Kgs 1:36. (β) with nouns of attributes or relationships, קֶרֶם ׳א ancient God Deut 33:27 עולם ׳א everlasting God Isa 40:28 אֱמֶת ׳א true God 2Chr 15:3 אָמֵן ׳א Isa 65:16 (see אָמֵן); משפט ׳א Isa 30:18; Mal 2:17 מרום ׳א Mic 6:6 כָל בָשָׂר ׳א God of all flesh Jer 32:27 compare ׳א הרוחות לכל בשר Num 16:22; Num 27:16 (P); השמים ׳א God of heaven Gen 24:7 (J^R) 2Chr 36:23; Ezra 1:2; Neh 1:4; Neh 1:5; Neh 2:4; Neh 2:20 compare כל הארץ ׳א Isa 54:5 ׳השמים וא ׳א ׳י הארץ Gen 24:3 (J^R); מִקָּרֹב ׳א a God at hand opposed to מֵרָחֹק ׳א Jer 23:23, ישועתי ׳א, יִשְׁעִי ׳א God of my salvation Ps 18:47 (= 2Sam 22:47) Ps 24:5; Ps 25:5; Ps 27:9; Ps 65:6; Ps 79:9; Ps 85:5; Isa 17:10; Mic 7:7; Hab 3:18; 1Chr 16:35 ישועתי ׳א Ps 88:2 תשועתי ׳א Ps 51:16 צִדְקִי ׳א God of righteousness Ps 4:2 חַסְדִּי ׳א Ps 59:11; Ps 59:18 צוּרִי ׳א God who is my rock 2Sam 22:3 (compare Ps 18:3); מָעוּזִּי֯ ׳א God who is my stronghold Ps 43:2 תְהִלָּתִי ׳א God who is my praise Ps 109:1.
c. with suffix in P (22 t. including phrase ויראת מאלהיך) Lev 19:14; Lev 19:32; Lev 25:17; Lev 25:36; Lev 25:43 (H) Exod 8:21; Josh 24:27 (E) Deut 32:37 (poetry) Josh 9:23 (JE) Deut 10:21; Deut 31:17; Judg 10:10; Judg 16:23; Judg 16:24; 1Sam 10:19; 2Sam 10:12; 2Sam 22:32 + (4 t. poetry) 1Kgs 12:28; 1Kgs 20:23; 2Kgs 19:10 Chronicles (83 t.); Psalms (62 t.); Prov 2:17; Prov 30:9; Ruth 1:15; Ruth 1:16 (twice in verse); Isa 1:10; Isa 7:13; Isa 8:19; Isa 8:21 Isa² (29 t.); Jer 5:4; Jer 5:5; Jer 23:36; Jer 51:5; Ezek 34:31 Daniel (5 t.); Hosea (12 t.); Amos 2:8; Amos 4:12; Joel 1:13 (twice in verse); Joel 1:16; Joel 2:17; Mic 6:8; Mic 7:7; Jonah 1:5; Jonah 1:6; Zeph 3:2; Nah 1:14; Zech 9:7; Zech 12:5 אלהים with suffix is also used with יהוה several hundred times (see יהוה).

god, gods, judges, great, goddess, …

ʾĕlōhîm

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative

(plural)

rulers, judges

god, goddess

יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Of israel")

Dictionary form: יִשְׂרָאֵל · yis-raw-ALE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: of israel

of israel ×1594 israel ×543 in israel ×84 and israel ×55 o israel ×28 against israel ×19 for israel ×15 from israel ×13

More options

Israel — Standard modern rendering for the nation or people.

the Israelites — Use when referring to the people collectively as a group.

the people of Israel — Emphasizes communal identity; good for narrative contexts.

the nation of Israel — Highlights political or national dimension.

the land of Israel — Use only when geographic territory is clearly in view.

Jacob — Poetic/prophetic synonym; use where parallelism demands it.

BDB3770 H3478

יִשְׂרָאֵל proper name and derivatives, see below I. שׂרה.

BDB8317 H3478

יִשְׂרָאֵל₂₅₀₇ proper name, masculine and of a people Israel (El persisteth, persevereth (or jussive Let El persist) [usually contendeth (Nes^{Eg.60 ff.}) or Let El contend (Gray^{Prop. N. 218}), but see Dr^{Hast. DB JACOB 530}]; on vocalization see Lag^{BN 131 f.} Kit^{1Chr 4:16} (Hpt); MI⁵, + 5 t. ישראל; in Egyptian Y-si-r-'l Steind^{ZAW xvi (1896), 331}, compare Breasted^{Bib. World ix (1897), 62 ff.} Paton^{Syr. and Pal. 134}; Assyrian Sir-'-lai (= יִשְׂרְאֵלִי) Schr^{KG 356 ff., 364}; COT Gen 36:31; 1Kgs 16:29. — On a possibly relation of ׳יִשׂ to proper name שָׂרַי, שָׂרָה see RS^{K 257, 2nd ed. 34}; — compare שְׂרָיָה(וּׅ; — Ισραηλ:

1. proper name, masculine second name of Jacob Gen 32:29 + 28 t. Genesis (JE), Exod 32:13 (JE), Hos 12:13; Judg 18:29; Exod 6:14; Num 1:20; Num 26:5 (all P), 2Kgs 17:34; 1Chr 1:34 + 8 t. Chronicles, Ps 105:23 ׳בֵּית יִשׂ Ruth 4:11 ׳בְּנֵי יִשׂ (literal) Gen 42:5 + 3 t. E, 2 t. P + Exod 1:7 (P; transition to wider use), 1Kgs 18:31; 1Chr 2:1 +; = 12 tribes Exod 28:9 + 7 t. P; ׳אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם יִצְחָק וְיִשׂ 1Kgs 18:36; 1Chr 29:18; 2Chr 30:6.

2. proper name, of a people (usually masculine^{Judg 11:17}f. but feminine 1Sam 17:21; 2Sam 24:9 [not || 1Chr 21:5], compare Dr^{on the passage} Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 57 f.}): name of Hebrew nation; usually derived from 1, but ׳יִשׂ more common in early usage than ׳בְּנֵי יִשׂ (see בֵּן p. 120:b):
a. (1) undivided kingdom; ׳יִשׂ Gen 47:27 (J), Gen 49:7 (poem in J) + 108 t. J E, Deut 1:1; Deut 18:6; Deut 33:10 (poem) + 76 t. D, Gen 34:7; Exod 12:15 + 42 t. P; Judg 5:2; Judg 5:7 (twice in verse) + 104 t. Judges; often 1 and 2 Samuel; 1 Ki 1-12; ׳כָּליִֿשׂ of whole people 2Sam 8:15 +, of whole army 2Sam 11:1 +, opposed to Judah 2Sam 2:9 + (so also later). (2) ׳יִשׂ = Northern tribes, distinguished from Judah, even before disruption, 2Sam 2:9, compare v2Sam 2:10; 2Sam 3:10; 2Sam 4:1; 2Sam 5:5; 2Sam 12:7; 2Sam 20:1; 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 4:20; 1Kgs 5:5 +; so at disruption 1Kgs 12:16 (3 t. in verse); 1Kgs 12:18; 1Kgs 12:19 then usually of Northern kingdom, till its fall, v1Kgs 12:28; 1Kgs 24:7; 1Kgs 24:10 + very often Kings, Amos 1:1; Amos 2:6; Amos 3:14 +, Hos 1:5; Hos 4:15 (twice in verse); Hos 5:3 (twice in verse); Hos 5:5 +, Mic 1:13, etc. (3) ׳יִשׂ of Southern kingdom, Judah, rarely before fall of Samaria Isa 1:3; Isa 8:18; Mic 1:14; Mic 1:15, so ׳בְּנֵי יִשׂ 1Kgs 12:17 after fall of Samaria, ׳יִשׂ (less often ׳בְּנֵי יִשׂ) occurs of entire people, in reference to past or future 2Kgs 21:8; 2Kgs 23:22; Isa 17:9; Ps 103:7; Jer 2:3; Jer 50:17; Jer 50:19 +; ׳יִשׂ also = Judah Jer 2:14; Jer 2:31; Jer 4:1 +, Ezek 13:2; Ezek 13:4; Ezek 13:16; Ezek 14:1; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9 +, Isa 40:27; Isa 41:8; Isa 42:24 +, Ezra 2:59 = Neh 7:61; Ezra 2:70; Ezra 3:11 +, Neh 10:34; Neh 10:3 +, Ps 14:7 (twice in verse) = Ps 53:7 (twice in verse), Ps 147:2; Ps 149:2 +, etc. (4) usage in Chronicles: ׳יִשׂ of whole people 1Chr 2:7 + 110 t., of Northern kingdom 2Chr 11:1 + 16 t., of Judah 2Chr 12:6; 2Chr 19:8 + 9 t. (5) ׳יִשׂ personified as ׳עֶבֶד י, Isa 44:1; Isa 44:21; Isa 49:3.
b. ׳בְּנֵי יִשׂ, (1) of undivided people Exod 1:12 (J), Exod 3:9 (E) + 72 t. J E, Deut 3:18; Deut 10:6 + 25 t. D, Gen 32:33 + 327 t. P; Judg 1:1 + 60 t. Judges; seldom 1 and 2 Samuel, 1 Ki 1-12; in 1Kings 13—2Kings 25 passive in reference to older history (rarely otherwise). (2) seldom of Northern kingdom Amos 2:11 + 9 t. Amos, Hosea; 2Chr 13:12 + 7 t. Chronicles. (3) of Judah (late) Ezek 2:3; Neh 1:6 (twice in verse); Ezra 3:1; Joel 4:16 +, 2Chr 31:5.
c. בֵּית ׳יִשׂ Exod 16:31; Exod 40:38 + 142 t. (see בַּיִת 5 d (δ); 81 t. Ezekiel, where = Judah; see especially Exod 37:16); ׳שְׁנֵי בָֽתֵּי יִשׂ Isa 8:14.
d. other phrases, see sub אִישׁ, אֶרֶץ, בַּת, בְּתוּלָה, גְּבוּל, הַר, כִּסֵּא, מֶלֶךְ, (נטה) מַטֶּה, (יעד) עֵדָה, עַם, שֵׁבֶט; also (in epithet of ׳י) below אָבִיר, אוֺר, אֱלֹחִים, I. גָּוֺאל, מֶלֶךְ, מִקְוֶה (I. קוה), I. צוּר (V. צור), קָדוֺשׁ, I. רָעָה 1 d (3).
e. ׳יִשׂ = the laity, opposed to priests, etc. (late): Ezra 10:25; Neh 11:3; 1Chr 9:2 ׳כָּליִֿשׂ Ezra 2:70; Ezra 10:5 ׳הָעָם יִשׂ Ezra 9:1 ׳בְּנֵי יִשׂ Neh 10:40, compare ׳שְׁאָר יִשׂ Neh 11:20.

BDB9596 H3478 H3479

יִשְׂרָאֵל proper name, of a people Israel (Biblical Hebrew id., √ I. שָׂרָה); — ׳אֱלַהּ יִשׁ Ezra 5:1; Ezra 6:14; Ezra 7:15 ׳מֶלֶךְ לְיִשׂ Ezra 5:11 ׳בְּנֵי יִשׂ Ezra 6:16, ׳עַמָּא יִשׂ Ezra 7:13.

israel, israelites, israels

yiśrāʾēl

God prevails

he will rule as God; Jisraël, a symbolical name of Jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

the second name for Jacob given to him by God after his wrestling with the angel at Peniel

the name of the nation until the death of Solomon and the split

יִתֵּן֙

Root word give, gave, given, put, set, …

Dictionary form: נָתַן · naw-TAHN

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: grant

give ×96 gave ×89 and put ×59 to give ×52 and gave ×46 giveth ×39 i have given ×35 hath given ×33

More options

give — Most versatile; covers the vast majority of occurrences.

grant — Prefer when the giver holds authority or power.

place — Use when the sense is physical positioning or setting down.

deliver — Prefer when handing over to another party is emphasized.

yield — Best for produce, tribute, or reluctant giving.

appoint — Use when assigning a role, task, or allotment.

BDB5441 H5414

נָתַן₂₀₀₇ verb give, put, set (Ecclus נתן Eccl 44:19 + often; Old Hebrew נתןיֿהו proper name, masculine Lzb³²⁷; Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Phoenician יתן, נתן in proper name מתנת, etc., Lzb²⁹²; Lzb³²⁷; Assyrian nadânu Dl^{HWB 450} (rarely ittan Id^ib.488); Zinjirli נתן, also in proper name, Lzb³²⁷ Cook⁸⁴; Nabataean Imperfect ינתן, also proper name; Palmyrene, also proper name Lzb^l.c. Cook^l.c.; ᵑ7 Imperfect יִתֵּן, Infinitive מִתַּן; Sabean נתן Hal¹⁵⁴, Lihyanian proper name נתנבעל [North-Semitic form] DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. 80, No.35}; Christian-Palestinian Aramaic (rare) Schw^{Idioticon 58}; Syriac Imperfect , Infinitive Lindberg^{Vergl.Sem.Gram.93f.}, but Mandean נתן Nö^{M 52}); —

Qal₁₉₁₇ Perfect ׳נ Gen 24:53 +; 2 masculine singular נָתַ֫תָּ Judg 15:18 +, נָתַ֫תָּה Gen 3:12 +, תַּתָּה 2Sam 22:41 (defended as vulgar form with aphaeresis of ׳נ by Th Ges^Lgb.139 Ew^{§ 195b} Kö^i.300 De^{Ps 18:41} and others; < text error for נָתַתָּה (so || Ps 18:41) Ol^{§ 89} Sta^{§ 127 b} Ges^{«GKC:19i»§ 19i} (hesitantly), Klo Bu Löhr HPS, compare Hup-Now^{Ps 18:41}); 2 feminine singular נָתַתְּ Ezek 16:33; Ezek 16:36, נָתַּתְּי vEzek 16:18, suffix נְתַתִּיהוּ vEzek 16:19 1 singular נָתַ֫תִּי Judg 1:2 +, etc.; Imperfect יִּתֵּן Gen 43:14 +, וַיִּתֵּן Gen 15:10 +; suffix 3 masculine singularיִתְּנֶ֫נּוּ Lev 5:24; Eccl 2:21 1 singular אֶתֵּן Gen 12:7 +; 1 plural נִתֵּן Gen 34:21 +, נִתַּןֿ Judg 16:5, etc.; Imperative masculine singular תֵּן 2Kgs 4:42 +, תֶּןֿ Gen 14:21, תְּנָה 1Sam 2:15 +, suffix תְּנֵ֫הוּ Neh 1:11; 1Chr 21:22, תְּנֶנָּה 1Sam 21:10 feminine singular תְּנִי Gen 30:14 +, תֵּ֑גִי Isa 43:6 masculine plural תְּנוּ Gen 34:8 +; Infinitive absolute נָתוֺן Deut 15:10 +, נָתֹן Num 21:2 +; construct נְתֹן Num 20:21, נְתָןֿ Gen 38:9, לְתִתֵּן 1Kgs 6:19 (but read לָתֵת so Ol^{§ 224 d} Ges^{«GKC:67l»§ 67l} Benz), תתן also 1Kgs 17:14 Kt (Qr תֵּת) — > these forms retained Ew^{§ 258c} Kö^i.305; — תֵּת Gen 4:12 +, especially לָתֵת Gen 15:7 +, לָתֵתֿ Judg 21:18, לָתֶתֿ Exod 5:21 (so Ginsb, van d. H. לָתֵתֿ, compare also Ki in Kö^{i.304 f.})+; suffix תִּתִּי Gen 29:19 +, תִּתְּךָ Deut 15:10 +, etc.; Participle נֹתֵן Judg 21:18 +, etc.; —

1. give:
a. = give personally, deliver or hand to, with accusative of thing + ל person 1Sam 10:4; 1Sam 22:10; 2Kgs 2:10; Lev 5:16(P) Lev 22:14 (H) Ruth 4:7 + often; in trade Prov 31:24 אֶלֿ person Gen 21:14 (E), Jer 3:8; Lev 15:14 + often; explicitly בְּיַד ׳נ Deut 24:1; Deut 24:3 (bill of divorce); with accusative of thing alone Judg 5:25.
b. = bestow upon, with accusative of thing + ל person Gen 24:53 (J) Gen 20:16 (E) Gen 1:29 (P) + often; an understanding heart 1Kgs 3:9; 1Kgs 3:12, blessing Deut 12:15, merch Deut 13:18, compare Jer 16:13; Jer 42:12 strength Deut 8:18; Ps 68:36 the sabbath Exod 16:29 (J) Ezek 20:12 = procure for (לְ) one 1Sam 17:10; 1Kgs 21:7 יִתֵּן לֶכֶם רַחֲמִים לִפְנֵי Gen 43:14 (J) he will give you compassion in the eyes of the man (compare also 2b, 3b); give persons Gen 46:18; Gen 46:25 (P); of Levites given to (לְ) Aaron and his sons Num 3:9 compare Num 8:19, to ׳י Num 8:16 compare Num 18:6 (all P); especially of ׳י's giving land to Abraham and his descendants Gen 15:18; Gen 26:4 (J) Gen 17:8(P) Exod 6:8 (P; + מוֺרָשָׁה) + often (participle in this sense 37 t. Deuteronomy), + לִרִשְׁתָּהּ Deut 3:18 +; אַלתִּֿתֵּן לַנָּשִׁים חֵיֶלֶ֑ךָ Prov 31:3 + מִן of source נָתַתִּי מִמֶּנָּה לְךָ בֵּן Gen 17:16 (P); with accusative alone Ps 61:6; Eccl 12:7 (רוּחַ); give something to (ל) one for (ל) something, in some capacity, לוֺ לַעֲבָּדִים ׳אֶתכָּֿלאֶֿחָיו נ Gen 27:37 +; probably also בְּבָרוּתִי ראֹשׁ ׳נ Ps 69:22 they gave, as my food, gall (בְּ essentiae), compare above בְּ 7 c, Hup-Now^{on the passage}; accusative + infinitive לֿי לֶחֶם לָאֱכֹל׳נ וּבֶגֶד לִלְבּשׁ Gen 28:20 (J), compare Exod 16:15 (P), Neh 9:15; Neh 9:20 לָכֶם לֵב לָדַעַת וְעֵינַיִם לִרְאוֺת וְאָזְנַיִם ׳לֹא נ לִשְׁמֹעַ Deut 29:3. Especially
c. give woman to (ל) man as (ל) wife, Gen 29:28 (E), Gen 34:8; Gen 34:12 (J), Josh 15:16; Josh 15:17 (JE), = Judg 1:12; Judg 1:13 +; without 2nd ל Gen 29:19 (twice in verse) (E), Gen 38:21; Exod 2:21 (J), Gen 34:9; Gen 34:14; Gen 34:16 (P), Judg 15:2; Judg 15:6 +; with accusative alone, Gen 29:26 (E), 1Sam 25:44.
d. of (gracious) bestowals of various kinds: give = grant, send rain, גִּשְׁמֵיכֶם Lev 26:4 (H), מְטַראַֿרְצְכֶם Deut 11:14, עַלאַֿרְצְךָ מָטָר 1Kgs 8:36, etc.; also of sending plague of hail Exod 9:23 (E); send herbage (עֵשֶׂב) in (בְּ) your field for (לְ) your cattle Deut 11:15 grant a remnant to (לְ) Judah Jer 40:11 וְנָתַּתִּי לְךָ אֶתֿ נַפְשְׁךָ לְשָׁלָל Jer 45:5 and I will grant thee thy life as spoil; grant revenge (accusative) to (לְ) the king on (מִן) Saul, etc. 2Sam 4:8, compare הָאֵל הַנֹּתֵן נְקָמוֺת לִי 2Sam 22:48 = Ps 18:48 other gifts Judg 15:18 (בְּיַד), 1Sam 1:11 (לְ), Ruth 4:13.
e. grant a request, שְׁאֵלָה 1Sam 1:17; 1Sam 1:27; Esth 5:3; Ps 106:15 (+ ל person), בַּקָּשָׁה Ezra 7:6, תַּאֲוָה Prov 10:24, (רָשָׁע) מַאֲוִיֵּי Ps 140:9, תִּקְוֶה Job 6:8, מִשְׁאֲלֹת לִבֶּ֑ךָ Ps 37:4, compare לָכֶם וּמְצֵאןָ מְנוּחָה ׳יִתֵּן י Ruth 1:9. Especially feminine מִי יִתֵּן who will give or grant, in expressions of wish = O that (I had! etc.; = Assyrian mannu inamdin Jäger^{BAS ii.279}), especially (9 t.) Job: with accusative מִייִֿתֵּן עֶרֶב Deut 28:67 compare vDeut 28:67, Job 14:4; Ps 14:7 = Ps 53:7; Ps 55:7; Jer 9:1 with 2 accusative נְבִּיאִים ׳כָּלעַֿם י Num 11:29 (JE), literally who will make all ׳י's people prophets? compare Jer 8:23 with accusative + כְּ, מִי יִתֶּנְךָ כְאָח לֵי Song 8:1, compare Job 29:2 with accusative + בְּ, אֶתהָֿעָם הַזֶּה בְּיָדִי Judg 9:29 O that this people were in my charge! with accusative + לְ Job 31:35, literally who will give to me (לִי) one hearing me? also מִי יִתְּנֵנִי Isa 27:4 where suffix apparently = לִי; with infinitive מִי יִתֵּן מוּתֵנוּ Exod 16:3 (P), so 2Sam 19:1, מִי יִתֵּן אֱלוֺהַּ דַּבֵּר Job 11:5 with imperfect תָּבוֺא שֶׁאֱלָתִי Job 6:8 O that my request might come to pass! Job 14:13; Job 31:31 imperfect + וְ Job 19:23 (twice in verse); with perfect יָדַעְתִּי Job 23:3 O that I knew! (+ וְאֶמְצָאֵהוּ); with perfect consecutive Deut 5:26.
g. permit, with accusative + infinitive, לֹאנְֿתַתִּיךָ לִנְגֹּעַ אֵלֶיהָ Gen 20:6 (JE) + often; with ל person + infinitive 2Chr 20:10 other constructions are: ׳לְךָ י ׳לֹא כֵן נ Deut 18:14 not thus hath ׳י permitted to thee; ׳אִםאֶֿתֵּן שְׁנָת לְעֵינָ֑י וגו Ps 132:4; Prov 6:4 give thyself לְ no rest Lam 2:18, give him לְ no rest Isa 62:6.
h. = ascribe glory, etc. (accusative) to לְ God 1Sam 6:5; Job 36:3, especially imperative Jer 13:16; Ezra 10:11; Ps 68:35 compare Ps 115:1 (so הָבוּ, see יהב 4); to man 1Sam 18:8 (twice in verse); unseemliness (תִּפְלָה) to God Job 1:22.
i. = apply, devote heart to seek out, accusative + infinitive Eccl 1:13; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:16; Dan 10:12, לֵב לְ ׳נ Eccl 7:21 = attend to; conversely אֶתכָּֿלזֶֿה נָחַתִּי אֶללִֿבִּי Eccl 9:1 = all this I set my mind, Eccl 7:2 also (with subject different from indirect object) מָה אֱלּהַי נֹתֵן אֶללִֿבִּי לַעֲשׂוֺת Neh 2:12 compare Neh 7:5.
j. = employ, devote money (accusative) עַלעֲֿבֹדַת אֹהֶל מוֺעֵד Exod 30:16 (P).
k. give offerings, ׳לְי Num 18:12 (P), ׳תְּרוּמַת י Exod 30:15 (P), compare give spoil to (לְׅ ׳י) Deut 20:14 (׳י subject); לָ֑ךְ מִיָָּֽדְךָ נָתַנּוּ 1Chr 29:14 offering to (לְׅ idols Ezek 6:13 especially to Moloch Lev 20:2; Lev 20:4, to pass through fire to (לׅ M. Lev 18:2, etc.

1. = consecrate, dedicate to (לְׅ ׳י 1Sam 1:11; Exod 22:29 (E). masculine give a sign or wonder, accusative 1Kgs 13:3; 1Kgs 13:5, + לְ person Josh 2:12 (JE), with reflexive לְ Exod 7:9 (P), almost = display, exhibit; compare נָָֽתְנוּ הֲדָרֵךְ Ezek 27:10 they set forth, exhibit thy splendour; כִּי יִתֵּן בַּכּוֺס עֵינוֺ Prov 23:31 when it sheweth its sparkle in the cup.
n. = pay, wages (accusative, + suffix), שְׂכָרִי ׳נ Gen 30:18 (E) he hath paid my hire, Exod 2:9 (E) Deut 24:15, compare Isa 61:8 + ל person Jer 22:13 a price, מִכְרָם ׳נ Num 20:19 (JE), וַיִּתֵּן שְׂכָרָהּ Jonah 1:3, i.e. paid his fare, passage-money; money (as) price (מחיר) 1Kgs 21:2, compare כֶּסֶף הַשָּׂדֶה ׳נ Gen 23:13 (P); pay money for (ב) something Deut 14:26 wealth for (ב) love Song 8:7 tax or rent, with accusative of thing + ל person Gen 47:24 (J); fine (c. id.) Exod 21:32 (E) Deut 22:29, accusative omitted vDeut 22:19, compare וְנָתַן בִּפְלִלִים Exod 21:22 (see פָּלִיל), שִׁבְתּוֺ ׳נ vExod 21:19 (i.e. pay for his lost time), פִּדְיוֺן נַפְשׁוֺ ׳נ vExod 21:30 (pay redemption-money; all E), compare ׳אִישֹׁ כֹּפֶר נַפְשׁוֺ לְי ׳וְנ Exod 30:12 (P); pay votive offering (with accusative + ל) Lev 27:23 (P); a wager (with accusative+ ל) Judg 14:12; Judg 14:13.
o. with בְּ, give for (ב) money = sell, תְּנָהלִּֿי אֶתכַּֿרְמְךָ בְּכֶסֶף 1Kgs 21:6, compare Deut 2:28; Deut 14:25; 1Chr 21:22 — ׳נ Ezek 27 is trading term, but sometimes connection obscure and text dubious: give wares for (בְ) Ezek 27:12 (but read probably ך for ב ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Co Berthol), vEzek 27:13 vEzek 27:16 (strike out 2nd ב), vEzek 27:17 vEzek 27:19 vEzek 27:22 (compare. further, Co Berthol and especially Sm); הַיֶּלֶדּ בַּזּוֺנָךְ ׳נ Joel 4:3 (|| מָכַר); ב instrumental, give בַּגּוֺרֶל by lot Josh 21:8.
p. give instead of, exchange for, with תַּחַת Exod 21:23 (E) 1Kgs 21:2; 1Kgs 21:6; Isa 43:4; Isa 61:3, בְּעַד Job 2:4.
q. give, i.e. lend, at interest, בְּנֶשֶׁךְ ׳כַּסְפּוֺ לֹא נ Lev 25:37; Ps 15:5, so (accusative omitted) Ezek 18:8; Ezek 18:13.
r. = commit, entrust to, with accusative + אֶלֿ person Exod 22:6; Exod 22:9 (E), with ל person Song 8:11, with בְּיַד Gen 30:35; Gen 39:4; Gen 39:8; Gen 39:22 (all J), 2Sam 10:10.
s. give over, deliver up, with accusative Num 21:3 (JE) Judg 20:13; 1Sam 11:12; 2Sam 14:7; 2Sam 20:21; 1Kgs 14:16; Hos 11:8 || מִגֵּן), Mic 5:2 בָּנָיו פְּלֵיטִים וּבְנֹתָיו בַּשְּׁבִית לְמֶלֶךְ אֱמֹרִי ׳נ Num 21:29 (JE); + ל, לַמָּוֶת ׳פ ׳נ Ps 118:18 + לִפְנֵי Deut 7:2; Deut 7:23; Deut 31:5 + (see Dr^{Dt. lxxxiii, No.52, and} see further 2 b near the end); especially בְּיַד ׳נ, with accusative, Num 21:34 (JE) Josh 2:24 (JE) Deut 2:24 + often
t. yield produce, fruit, etc., especially of land, ground, Gen 4:12 (J), Lev 25:19; Lev 26:4; Lev 26:20 (all H), Deut 11:17; Isa 55:10 (+ ל person) Zech 8:12; Ps 67:7; Ps 85:13 compare Ezek 36:8 of tree Ezek 34:27; Lev 26:4; Lev 26:20 (H) Ps 1:3, + vine Joel 2:22, vine Zech 8:12 absolute root of righteous yields, יִתֵּן Prov 12:12 according to De Str (dubious; propose to insert פְּרִי); Dy Kau Wild proposes אֵיתָן (as Ps 74:15, etc.), compare as to sense Ew; other conjectures see Now; compare Num 20:8 (P) Zech 8:12; Song 1:12; Song 2:13; Song 7:14.
u. = occasion, produce, שֵׂכֶל טוֺב יִתֶּןחֵֿ֑ן Prov 13:16 compare Prov 29:15, חֶרְדַּת אָדָם יִתֵּן מוֺקֵשׁ vProv 29:25 trembling before man occasioneth a snare. see requite to (לְ) a man, according to (כְּ) character 1Kgs 8:39 = 2Chr 6:33; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:19; Ps 28:4 (twice in verse); with עַלֿ + כְּ Ezek 7:9 with עַלֿ person + accusative of sin Ezek 7:3; Ezek 7:4; Ezek 7:8; Ezek 23:49 (compare 2 b).
w. = report, mention, וַיִּתֵּן אֶתמִֿסְפַּר ֗֗֗ אֶלהַֿמֶּלֶךְ 2Sam 24:9 he reported the number unto the king; וָאֶתְּנָה לוֺ זְמָ֑ן Neh 2:6 and I mentioned to him a time.
x. = utter, usually with accusative קוֺל, utter a sound, lift up the voice: Jer 4:16 (+ עַל against), Jer 22:20; Jer 48:34; Lam 2:7 in weeping, וַיִּתֵּן אֶתקֹֿלוֺ בִּבְכִי Gen 45:2 (E), וַיִּבְכּוּ Num 14:1 (P); + ל person Prov 2:3 (|| לַבִּינָה תִּקְרָא);of wisdom Prov 1:20; Prov 8:1 || קרא; of ׳י, especially in thunder of theoph. Amos 1:2; 2Sam 22:14 || יַרְעֵם), = Ps 18:14; Jer 25:30; Joel 2:11 of clouds Ps 77:18, the deep Hab 3:10 of young lion's roaring Amos 3:4; Jer 2:15 of birds Ps 104:12 קוֺל omitted, ׳דָּוִד ֗֗֗ לְהֹדֹת לְי ׳נ 1Chr 16:7 so of ׳י's voice in thunder, לְקוֺל תִתּוֺ Jer 10:13 (sc. קוֺלוֺ) at the sound of his uttering (his voice) = Jer 51:16 בְּקוֺל ׳נ Jer 12:8 (+ עַלֿ against ), of ׳י Ps 46:7, הֵןיִֿתֵּן בְּקוֺלוֺ קוֺל עֹז Ps 68:34 ׳נ with other words, אֹמֶר vPs 68:12 (of ׳י); of confession, (accusative + ל person) Josh 7:19 (JE) Ezra 10:11.
y. give = stretch out, extend, וַיִּתֶּןיָֿד Gen 38:28 (J) it put out a hand; וַיִּתֵּן צַמַּרְתּוֺ אֶלבֵּֿין עֲבוֺתִים (read עָבוֺת) Ezek 31:10; Ezek 31:14 and it stretched its top amid the clouds.
z. combinations are: יִתֵּן לְמַכֵּהוּ לֶחִ֑י Lam 3:30 (humiliation), compare Isa 50:6 וַיִּתְּנוּ כָתֵף סֹרָ֑רֶת Zech 7:11 (of stubbornness), so Neh 9:29 (|| עָרְפָּם הִקְשׁוּ); also וַיִּתְּנוּ עֹרֶף 2Chr 29:6 gave, i.e. turned (their) back (on ׳י; || וַיַּסֵּבּוּ פְנֵיהֶם ׳מִמִּשְׁכַּן י); of compact, תְּנָה אֶתיָֿדֶ֑ךָ 2Kgs 10:15 compare v2Kgs 10:15, so מִצְרַיִם נָתַנּוּ יָד Lam 5:6 of submission, נָָֽתְנָה יָדָהּ Jer 50:15 = she (Babylon) hath surrendered; ׳תְּנוּ יָד לְי 2Chr 30:8 = submit to ׳י; more explicitly, יָד תַּחַת שְׁלֹמהֹ ׳נ 1Chr 29:24 מָקוֺם לְ ׳נ Judg 20:36 give place to (retire before); of sexual relation, אֶלאֵֿשֶׁת ֗֗֗ לֹאתִֿתֵּן שְׁכָבְתְּךָ לְזָ֑רַע Lev 18:20 (H), וַיִּתֵּן אִישׁ בָּךְ אֶתשְֿׁכָבְתּוֺ Num 5:20 (P), so (בְּכָלבְּֿהֵמָה) Lev 18:23 (H), compare Lev 20:15 (H). — יִתֵּן is taken impersonal = 'es giebt,' there is, there are, in Job 37:10; Prov 10:24; Prov 13:10 by De, citing Ew^{§ 295 d}, Now^{Prov 13:10} Str Frankenb (in translation, dubious in note), Bae^{Jb in} Kau Ges^{«GKC:144b»§ 144b}; but improbable, Kau^Pr Di^Jb, so Hi Bu Du (on Job 37:10), reading יֻתַּן; compare Kö^{Synt. § 324 d Β}.

2. Put, set, nearly = שִׂים, and sometimes || with it:
a. literally, (especially often in Ezekiel, P): with accusative + עַלֿ on, ring on hand Gen 41:42 (E), compare Ezek 16:11, helmet on head 1Sam 17:38, also Jer 27:2; Jer 28:14 (in figurative), 1Kgs 12:4; 1Kgs 12:9 (in figurative), 1Kgs 18:23 (|| שִׂי ם), Exod 12:7 (accusative omitted), compare Exod 25:12; Exod 25:26; Exod 25:30 + often P; with עַלֿ = above Exod 25:21; Exod 26:34 (P), = for, גֹּרָלֹת עַלֿ ׳נ Lev 16:8 (P), cast lots for; = against Ezek 26:8 with אֶלֿ into: ark into cart 1Sam 6:8, put one in the stocks Jer 29:26 (also with עַלֿ Jer 20:2), in prison Jer 37:18; Jer 38:11, compare Exod 25:16; Exod 28:30 (P); put water upon (עַלֿ) something into (אֶלֿ) vessel Num 19:17 = toward וַיִּתֵּן פְּנֵי הַצּאֹן אֶלעָֿקֹד Gen 30:40 (J; strike out Ol Di and others); with בְּ, cup into hand Gen 40:13 (E), compare Judg 7:16, also Gen 41:48 (E), compare 1Kgs 7:51; Gen 1:17 (P), Gen 9:13 (P), 2Kgs 19:18; Jer 27:8, בֶּעָפָר פֶּה ׳נ Lam 3:29 (in figurative), נָתַתִּי שִׁפְחָתִי בְּחֵיקֶ֑ךָ Gen 16:5 (J), וְנָתַתָּה בְאָזְנוֺ וּבַדֶּלֶת Deut 15:17 and thou shalt put (the awl) into his ear and into the door (pin his ear to the door); put disease into one Deut 7:15 (|| שִׂים); inflict blemish (מוּם) on (בְּ), Lev 24:19; Lev 24:20 וּכְתֹבֶת קַעֲקַע לֹא תִתְּנוּ בָּכֶם Lev 19:28 with בְּ + לְ, שֶׂרֶט לָנֶפֶשׁ לֹא תִתְּנוּ בִּבְשַׂרְכֶם vLev 19:28 (all H); with לִטְנֵי before, in front of, set food before one, 2Kgs 4:43; 2Kgs 4:44 compare Zech 3:9; Ezek 3:20; Exod 30:6; Exod 40:5; Exod 40:6 (all P); with בֵּין between, Exod 30:18; Exod 40:17 (P); with לְ, לַבַּיִת ׳מִגְרָעוֺת נ סָבִיב 1Kgs 6:6 he put ledges to the house; with other prepositions הָאִשָּׁה אֲשֶׁר נָתַתָּ עִמָּדִי Gen 3:16 (J), the woman whom thou hast set at my side, compare Exod 31:6 (אִתּוֺ ׳נ; figurative of association, assistance); with לִקְרַאת Gen 15:10 (J), lay each piece to meet its fellow; he set the sea מִכֶּתֶף הַבַּיִת 1Kgs 7:39 with ה locative put money שָׁמָּה into it 2Kgs 12:10, so of water Exod 30:18 (P), compare Exod 40:7 (שָׁם); with 2 accusative אוֺתוֺ בֵּית ׳הַכְּלוּא נ Jer 37:4 compare vJer 37:15 put, place, absolute Exod 40:8 (P; || שִׂים, compare Exod 26:32); set up, אֶבֶן מַשְׂכִּית בְּ Lev 26:1 (H; || הֵקִים); + לְ person, lay snare for me Ps 119:110 (in figurative).
b. figurative, in many phrase: with עַל, put my spirit upon him Isa 42:1, reproach upon one Jer 23:40, blessing on Mt. Gerizim, etc., Deut 11:29, curses on enemies Deut 30:7 impose tax upon Neh 10:33 compare 2Kgs 23:33 נָתַן הוֺד עַל put majesty upon one 1Chr 29:25; Dan 11:21; Num 27:20 (P; מֵהוֺד; compare Ps 21:6); so also perhaps Ps 8:2 hast set thy majesty upon (over) the heavens, compare ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 (read נָתַתָּה for תְּנָה, Hup De Pe Bae and others; other views see in Thes Ew Ol Now Che We Du); = above, וּנְתָ֑נְךָ עֶלְיוֺן עַלכָּֿלגּֿוֺיֵי הָאָרֶץ Deut 28:1 compare Deut 26:19 put (something) over mouth Mic 3:5 (i.e. stop one's mouth, by a gift); = against מָצוֺר עַלֿ ׳נ Ezek 4:2 (siege), compare vEzek 4:2 b; with אֶלֿ, אֲדֹנָי ֗֗֗ לְבַקֵּשׁ וָאֶתְּנָה אֶתפָּֿנַי אֶלֿ Dan 9:3 with בְּ, words into mouth Deut 18:18; Jer 1:9, compare 1Kgs 22:23 wisdom into heart, or person, 1Kgs 10:24; Exod 31:6; Exod 36:1; Exod 36:2 (all P), compare Ps 4:8 set peace in earth Lev 26:6 (H); (the idea of) perpetuity (עוֺלָם) in heart Eccl 3:11 a purpose, בְּלִבּוֺ ׳וּלהוֺדוֺת נ Exod 35:34 (P); וְנָתַתִּי אֶתיָֿדִי בְּמִצְרַיִם Exod 7:4 (P); אַלתִּֿתֵּן דָּם נָקִי בְּקֶרֶב עַמְּךָ Deut 21:8 וַיִּתֵּן חִנּוֺ בְּעֵינֵי Gen 39:21 (J), and he put his favour in the eyes of the prison-keeper (made the keeper favourable to him), compare Exod 3:21; Exod 11:3; Exod 12:36 (all E; compare also 1 b, 3 b); with בְּ person = against, in phrase set my face against, oppose Ezek 14:8; Ezek 15:7; Lev 17:10; Lev 20:6 (both H); with בֵּין, = put, i.e. make a covenant between Gen 17:2 (P), compare Lev 26:46 (H); אֶרֶץ לִפְנֵיכֶם ׳נ i.e. place at your disposal Deut 1:8; Deut 1:21 compare Deut 2:36 set ordinances, etc., before, לִפְנֵי (for observance), 1Kgs 9:6; Jer 26:4; Jer 44:10; Dan 9:10 blessings and cursings (for choice) Deut 30:1; Deut 30:15; Deut 30:19 ׳דֶּרֶךְ בְּראֹשׁ פ ׳נ set or place one`s way upon his head, i.e. requite him, Ezek 9:10; Ezek 11:21; Ezek 16:43; Ezek 22:31 compare Ezek 17:19, also 1Kgs 8:32 = 2Chr 6:23 + (compare 1 v); בְּמִדְיָן ׳לָתֵת נִקְמַת י Num 31:3 to set the vengeance of ׳י upon Midian; ׳ב ׳נ Ps 50:20 = set in, i.e. impute to (usually ׳שִׂים ב).
c. set, appoint, with accusative + עַלֿ over, ׳י hath set a king over you 1Sam 12:13 compare Gen 41:41 (E); with עַלֿ on, ישֵׁב ׳נ עַלכִּֿסְאִי 1Kgs 1:48 with בְּ in = over, 1Chr 12:9; Neh 13:4 with לְ Nethînîm לַעֲבֹדָה Ezra 8:20 with accusative alone, idol-priest 2Kgs 23:5, prophet Jer 1:5 (2 accusative), leader Num 14:4 one instead of (תַּחַת) another 1Kgs 2:35.

d. = assign, designate, with ׃לְ God hath assigned victim-flesh to (ל) you, in order to bear sins of people Lev 10:17, compare Num 18:8 (both P); cities for (ל) flight of man-slayer Num 35:6 (P); נָתַתִּי לָכֶם עַלהַֿמִּזְבֵּחַ לְכַפֵּר Lev 17:11 (H).

3. Make, constitute,
a. with 2 accusative, וְנָתַתִּי נְעָרִים שָׂרֵיהֶם Isa 3:4 and I will make boys their princes, compare Gen 17:5; Exod 7:1 (both P), Ps 18:33 (> וַיַּתֵּר in || 2Sam 22:33), 2Sam 39:6; 2Sam 69:12; 2Sam 135:12, etc.; + בֵּין Josh 22:25 (P); + אֶלֿ person וְנָתַתִּי אֶתכָּֿלאֹֿיְבֶיךָ אֵלֶיךָ עֹרֶף Exod 23:27 (E), and I will make all thine enemies unto thee a back, i.e. make them shew thee their back, flee from thee, so with לְ Ps 18:41 = 2Sam 22:41.
b. with accusative + לְ, וְנָתַתִּי אֶתיְֿרוּשָׁלַיִם לְגַלִּים Jer 9:10 and I will make Jerusalem into ruin-heaps, compare Deut 28:13; Isa 42:24; Gen 17:6; Gen 17:20; Gen 48:4; Num 5:21; Josh 17:3 (all P) +; לְרַחֲמִים לִפְנֵי ׳פ ׳נ 1Kgs 8:50 make persons an object of compassion before (in the eyes of), so Neh 1:11; Ps 106:46; Dan 1:9 (compare also 1 b, 2 b); + לְ person for (especially Jeremiah), וּנְתַתִּים לִזְוָעָה לְכֹל מַמְלְכוֺת הָאָרֶץ Jer 15:4 and I will make them a terror for all kingdoms of the earth, compare Jer 24:9; Jer 29:18; Jer 34:17.
c. with accusative + כְּ, כַּשִּׁקְמִים ׳וְאֵת הָאֲרָזִים נ 1Kgs 10:27 and the cedars he made like the sycomores, i.e. as common, = 2Chr 1:15, compare 1Kgs 16:3; Ezek 28:6; Lev 26:19 (H), Ruth 4:11 וַיִּתֵּן אֹתָנוּ כִּמְרַגְּלִים Gen 42:30 (E), i.e. regarded, treated us as spies, but insert בַּמִּשְׁמָר ᵐ5 Ol Di Ball Holz, — אַלתִּֿתֵּן אֶתאֲֿמָֽתְךָ לִפְנֵי בַת בְּלִיַּעַל 1Sam 1:16 difficult, (not withstanding Job 3:24; Job 4:19), read probably כְּ (HPS), or לְ, for לִפְנֵי.
d. rarely with accusative alone: ׳וּמִבְּנֵי יִשׂ שְׁלֹמֹה עֶבֶד ׳לֹא נ 1Kgs 9:22 and of the sons of Israel Solomon made no slave, but read probably לְמַס עֹבֵד (as v1Kgs 9:21 ᵐ5^A ἐς πράγμα, omitted by B ᵐ5^L; compare Klo Benz), וָאֶתֵּן עֲלֵיהֶם קְהִלָּה Neh 5:7 and I made (held) over their case a great assembly; make a decree, חֹק, Ps 148:6 perhaps also וַתִּתֵּן אֹתֹת בְּפַרְעֹה Neh 9:10 and thou didst perform signs and wonders against 'Pharaoh, etc. (compare שִׂים אוֺתֹת בְּ Exod 10:2; Ps 78:43).

Niph`al₈₂ Perfect נִתַּן Isa 9:5 +; 3 feminine singular נִתְּנָה Gen 38:14 +; 2 masculine plural וְנִתַּתֶּם consecutive Lev 26:25 1 plural נִתַּ֫נּוּ Ezra 9:7, etc.; Imperfect יִנָּתֵן Exod 5:18 +, יִנָּ֫תֶן לוֺ 2Chr 2:13 (Ginsb van d. H. יִנָּ֫תֶןלֿוֺ), etc.; Infinitive absolute הִנָּתֹן Jer 32:4; Jer 38:3 construct לְהִנָּתֵן Esth 3:14; Esth 8:13 —

1. be given to (usually with ל person):
a. = bestowed upon Josh 24:33 (E), Ezek 11:15 (+ לְמוֺרָשָׁה), Ezek 33:24 (+ id.), Job 15:19; Ezek 16:34; Num 26:62 (P), Isa 9:5, portion from sacrifice Lev 10:14 (P), glory Isa 35:2, birthright 1Chr 5:1, freedom Lev 19:20 (H).
b. given to one (ל) for wife (ל) Gen 38:14 (J), 1Sam 18:19.
c. provided, usually with ל Exod 5:16; Exod 5:18 (J); 1Sam 25:27; 2Kgs 25:30 = Jer 52:34; Isa 33:16; Neh 13:10 מֵרֹעֶה אֶחָד ׳נ Eccl 12:11 they are given from one shepherd (i.e. words of wise) according to Ew De Hi-Now Rüetschi^Kau; Wild understands subject of compilers.
d. = entrusted to Jer 13:20 compare 2Chr 2:13 with עַליָֿדָם 2Kgs 22:7, בְּיַד 2Chr 34:16.
e. = give into the power of (usually with בְּיַד), especially of city (kg., people) given into the hand of foe 2Kgs 18:30 (+ אֶתֿ accusative), 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:15; Isa 37:10; Jer 21:10 + 18 t. Jeremiah, Leviticus, Chronicles, Daniel; earth into hand of wicked Job 9:24 in good sense Gen 9:2 (P); delivered to death (ל), unto lower world (אֶלֿ), Ezek 31:14 given to us (ל) for devouring (ל) Ezek 35:12 ׳חֶרֶב נ Ezek 32:20 delivered to the sword (strike out ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Co Sgfr^{Kau Toy}); absolute, of צָבָא, Dan 8:12 (al. was appointed, see especially Dr), Dan 11:6. feminine of request, be granted to (ל), Esth 2:13; Esth 5:3 (בַּקָּשָׁה), vEsth 5:6; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 (all שְׁאֵלָה), compare Esth 7:3 (בִּשְׁאֵלָה, בְּבַקָּשָׁה).
g. = be permitted Esth 9:13 (+ infinitive).
h. = be issued, published (of royal decree), absolute Esth 3:5; Esth 3:14; Esth 4:8; Esth 8:13; Esth 8:14; Esth 9:14 of law given בְּיַד משֶׁה Neh 10:30.
i. = be uttered, שְׁאוֺן קוֺלָם ׳נ Jer 51:55 (of stormers of Babylon).
j. be assigned for (ל), Ezek 47:11.

2. Be put, set:
a. literally, crown בְּראֹשׁ Esth 6:8 of personified folly הַסֶּכֶל בַּמְּרוֺ מִים ׳נ Eccl 10:6.
b. in imagery of Ezek. ֗֗֗ בְּיַרְכְּתֵיבֿוֺר ׳נ Ezek 32:23, with אֵת (with) vEzek 32:29, with בְּתוֺךְ vEzek 32:25, vine put (cast) לָאֵשׁ לְאָכְלָה Ezek 15:4 into the fire for consuming; figurative of terror בארץ ׳נ Ezek 32:25.
c. = be made, בֶּןאָֿדָם חָצִיר יִנָּתֵן Isa 51:12.
d. = be inflicted, of blemish (מוּם) Lev 24:20 (with בְּ person).

Hoph`al (or Qal passive Ges^{«GKC:53a»§ 53a}) Imperfect יֻתַּן 1Kgs 2:21+ 5 t. + 2Sam 21:6 Qr (Kt ינתן); וַיֻּתַּן 2Sam 18:9 —

1. a. be given, bestowed, absolute Num 26:54 with לְ person 2Kgs 5:17; Num 32:5 (אֶתֿ with accusative; both P); in exchange for (תַּ֫חַת) Job 28:15.
b. = be given to one (ל) for wife (ל) 1Kgs 2:21 (Abishag, אֶתֿ with accusative).
c. = be given, delivered, up to (ל) 2Sam 21:6.

2. be put upon (עַלֿ) Lev 11:38 (P); of Absalom ׳וַיֻּתַּן בֵּין הַשָּׁמַיִם וגו 2Sam 18:9, < וַיִּתָּל (√ תלה) ᵐ5 ᵑ6 We Dr (?), Klo Kit Bu HPS.

BDB9725 H5412 H5411 H5414

[נְתִינִין] noun masculine plural Nethinîn (probably loan-word from Biblical Hebrew נְתִינִים, √ נָתַן); — servants of sanctuary, emphatic נְתִינַיָּא Ezra 7:24.

BDB9726 H5414 H5415

[נְתַן] verb give (see Biblical Hebrew; ᵑ7 rare; Old Aramaic נתן, Imperfect ינתן, so Nabataean; Zinjirli, Palmyrene יתן; Egyptian Aramaic Imperfect אנתן, ינתן, etc., S-C^{Pap. A 7} +, plural suffix תנתנונה ib.^{J 9, Infinitive} למנתן S-C^{C 6, 9}+); —

Pe`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִנְתִּןֿ (K^{§ 42}) Dan 2:16, suffix יִתְּנִנַּהּ Dan 4:15 +; 2 masculine singular תִּנְתֵּן Ezra 7:20 3 masculine plural יִנְתְּנוּן Ezra 4:13 Infinitive לְמִנְתַּ֑ן Ezra 7:20 —

1. give, subject God, with suffix of thing + ל person, Dan 4:14; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29.

2. of man, give, allow, accusative time, Dan 2:16.

3. give, pay, accusative of thing, Ezra 4:13; Ezra 7:20 (+ מִן of source), absolute vEzra 7:20.

give, gave, given, put, set, …

nātan

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

to give, put, set

(Qal)

to give, bestow, grant, permit, ascribe, employ, devote, consecrate, dedicate, pay wages, sell, exchange, lend, commit, entrust, give over, deliver up, yield produce, occasion, produce, requite to, report, mention, utter, stretch out, extend

to be given, be bestowed, be provided, be entrusted to, be granted to, be permitted, be issued, be published, be uttered, be assigned

to be given, be bestowed, be given up, be delivered up

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

In the KJV here: thee

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

שֵׁ֣לָתֵ ֔ךְ

שֵׁ֣לָתֵ

Root word petition, request, loan

֔ךְ

Suffix — pronoun your / you (one woman)

Dictionary form: שְׁאֵלָה · sheh-ay-LAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: thy petition

is thy petition ×3 my petition ×3 petition ×2 a request ×1 me at my petition ×1 my request ×1 the loan ×1 them their request ×1

More options

request — Broadest, most natural modern term; fits most contexts.

petition — Slightly formal; good for appeals to authority or royalty.

plea — Emphasizes urgency or emotional weight of the request.

appeal — Suits formal or legal contexts; implies seeking a decision.

wish — Softer register; good when the request is a personal desire.

loan — Reserve for contexts involving borrowing, e.g. 1 Sam 1:27–28.

BDB8372 H7596 H7956

שְׁאֵלָה [I. שֵׁלָה] noun feminine request, thing asked for: — ׳שְׁא Judg 8:24, +; suffix שְׁאֵלָתִּי 1Sam 1:27 +, שֶׁאֱלָתּי Job 6:8, שְׁאֵלָתֵךְ Esth 5:6 +, שֵׁלָתֵךְ 1Sam 1:17, שֶׁאֱלָתָם Ps 106:15 —

1. request, petition, Judg 8:24; 1Kgs 2:16; 1Kgs 2:20 (both accusative of congnate meaning with verb with שָׁאַל), Esth 5:6; Esth 5:7 (with נָתַן = grant), Esth 7:2; Esth 7:3; Esth 9:12. This passes easily into

2. thing asked for, 1Sam 2:20, with נָתַן Esth 5:8; Ps 106:15 ׳תָּבוֺא שׁ Job 6:8. — II. שֵׁלָה see below אֶשָׁתָּאֹל proper name, masculine, see above.

BDB9955 H7955 H7960 H7596

שָׁלוּ noun feminine neglect, remissness (ᵑ7 id.); — absolute ׳שׁ Ezra 4:22; Ezra 6:9; Dan 6:5 + Dan 3:29 Qr; Kt שׁלה usually thought an error for שׁלו; Hi Bev M (perhaps) explained as שֵׁלָה = שְׁאֵלָה = thing, affair (Dan 4:14).

petition, request, loan

šĕʾēlâ

a petition; by implication, a loan

request, thing asked for, demand

request, petition

אֲשֶׁ֥ר

Particle who, which, that

Dictionary form: אֲשֶׁר · uh-SHER

Particle — Relative

In the KJV here: that

which ×1561 that ×1524 as ×311 whom ×202 who ×88 where ×84 whither ×70 whose ×69

More options

that — Most versatile; works as relative pronoun or conjunction.

which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents and formal register.

who — Use when antecedent is a person or personal being.

where — Use when introducing a place or locative clause.

when — Use when introducing a temporal clause.

because — Use when אֲשֶׁר introduces a causal clause.

BDB3871 H834

כַּאֲשֶׁר conjunction according as, as, when (compare for the combined Aramaic כְּדִי, כַּד) —

1. according to that which, according as, as:
a. Gen 34:12 I will give כאשׁר תאמרו אלי according as ye shall (or may) say unto me, Gen 44:1; Exod 8:23; Num 22:8; 1Sam 2:16; Gen 34:22 if we are circumcised כאשׁר הם נמולים; Gen 41:21 כאשׁר בתחלה as at the beginning, so ׳כ בראשׁונה Josh 8:5; Josh 8:6; 2Sam 7:10; Exod 5:13 ׃כאשׁר בהיות התבן Gen 7:9 they came in two by two כאשׁר צוה אלהִים, as God commanded Noah; so, or similarly, very often, especially in P, vGen 7:16; Gen 8:21; Gen 12:4; Gen 17:23; Gen 21:1 (twice in verse); Exod 16:24; Exod 39:1; Exod 39:5; Exod 39:7; Num 3:16; Num 3:42 etc.; ׳כאשׁר דבר י Deut 1:21; Deut 2:1; Deut 6:3; Deut 6:19 + often Deuteronomy.
b. answered, for increased emphasis, by כֵּן (compare כְּ 2 d), Gen 50:12 ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צִוָּם, Exod 7:10; Exod 7:20; Gen 18:5 (J) כן חעשׂח כאשׁר דברת, Exod 10:10 (iron.), Amos 5:14 (do.); in opposed to order, Judg 1:7 כאשׁר עשׂיתי, כן שׁלם לי, Exod 7:6 כן עשׂו ׳כאשׁר צוה י, compare Exod 12:28; Exod 12:50; Exod 39:43; Num 5:4; Num 17:26; Num 36:10 (all P); with imperfect (frequently) Num 2:17 (P) כאשׁר יחנו כן יסעו; of degree = the more. . . the more, Exod 1:12 וכאשׁר יענּו אתו כן ירבה וכן יפרץ, compare Exod 17:11 (JE) ׳והיה כאשׁר יריםו֗֗֗גבר ישׁר according as he held up, etc., Israel prevailed; in an oath or solemn promise, Num 14:28 אם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן אעשׂה, Deut 28:63 (Jer 31:28), 1Kgs 1:30; Isa 10:11; Isa 14:24; Isa 52:14f. (see כֵּן 2 b).
c. answered by וַ (Dr^{§ 127} γ) Exod 16:34; Num 1:19.
d. often in similes (followed by imperfect of habit) Exod 33:11 כאשׁר ידבר אישׁ אל רעהו, Num 11:12; Deut 1:44; Isa 9:2; Isa 66:20 +, answered by כֵּן Isa 31:4; Isa 55:10; Isa 66:22; Amos 3:12 +; a second verb is, in such cases, in the perfect with וְ consecutive (Dr^{§ 115}) Deut 22:26; Isa 29:8 כאשׁר יחלםו֗֗֗הקיץ, Isa 65:8; Amos 5:19.
e. הָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר (compare הָיָה כְּ) to be as if, Job 10:19 כאשׁר לא הייתי אהיה, Zech 10:6 והיו כאשׁר לא זנחתים.

2. with a casual force, in so far as, since (German demgemäss dass), Gen 26:29 if thou doest us no harm כאשׁר לא נגענוך according as, in so far as, we have not touched thee; Num 27:14 כאשׁר מריתם פי inasmuch as ye have defied my mouth, Judg 6:27; 1Sam 28:18 (answered by על כן), 2Kgs 17:26; Mic 3:4.

3. with a temporal force, when, Gen 18:33 and Y. went away כאשׁר כלה when he had finished, etc., Gen 32:3; Gen 32:32; 1Sam 8:6; 2Sam 12:21 +; answered by וַּ (Dr^{§ 127} β), 1Sam 6:6; 1Sam 12:8 ויהי כאשׁר֗֗ and it came to pass, when . . . Gen 12:11; Gen 20:13; Gen 24:22; Gen 24:52; Exod 32:19 + often; Gen 43:14 כאשׁר שׁכלתי שׁכלתי when I am bereaved, I am bereaved ! an expression of resignation, so Esth 4:16 כאשׁר אבדתי אבדתי. Josh 2:7 אחרי כאשׁר is a 'conflate' reading, omit either אחרי or כ. Of future time, Gen 27:40; Gen 40:14 כאשׁר ייטב לך, Hos 7:12; Eccl 4:17; Eccl 5:3, and without a verb Isa 23:5 כאשׁר שׁמע למצרים. — Mic 3:3 כאשׁר is simply as that which, Job 29:25 as one who.

BDB6202 H3282 H834 H3588

יַעַן₉₆ properly substantive, purpose, intention, but always used as preposition or conjunction, on account of, because (for יַעֲנֶה, of the form יִצְהָר etc., Sta^{§ 259} Kö^{ii. 403}; compare mean, intend): —

1. as preposition, rarely with a substantive, Ezek 5:9 יַעַן תּוֺעֲבוֺתֵיכֶם, Hag 1:9 יַעַן מָה, vHag 1:9 יַעַן בֵּיתִי; with a participle Ezek 36:13 יען אמרים because of men saying to you (but read probablyאָמְרָם, Co Toy Berthol); frequently with infinitive with, 1Kgs 21:20 יַעַן הִתְמַכֶּרְךָ on account of thy having sold thyself, Amos 5:11; Isa 30:12; Isa 37:29 (= 2Kgs 19:28) יַעֵן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אֵלַי, Jer 5:14; Jer 7:13; Jer 23:38; Jer 48:7, and often. (c. 18 t.) in Ezek., as Jer 5:7 (read יַעַן הַמְרֹתְכֶם), Jer 13:8; Jer 13:22; Jer 25:3; Jer 25:6; Jer 25:8; Jer 25:12.

2. As conjunction:
a. יַעַן אֲשֶׁר (32 t.), usually with perfect, as Gen 22:16 יען אשׁר עשׂית זאת because that thou hast done this, Deut 1:36 (Josh 14:14), Judg 2:20; 1Sam 30:22; 1Kgs 3:11; 1Kgs 8:18; Jer 19:4; Jer 25:8; Jer 29:23 (not Isaiah) +; with imperfect (in frequent. sense) Ezek 44:12.
b. יַען כִּי, Num 11:20 ׳יַעַן כִּי מְאַסְתֶּם אֶתיֿ, 1Kgs 13:21; 1Kgs 21:29; Isa 3:16; Isa 7:5; Isa 8:6; Isa 29:13.
c. יַעַן alone (23 t.), with perfect Num 20:12 יַעַן לֹא הֶאֱמַנְתֶּם בִּי, 1Sam 15:23; 1Kgs 14:13; 1Kgs 20:42; 2Kgs 22:19; Hos 8:1; Isa 61:1; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 with imperfect (frequently) Ezek 34:21 of the future Ezek 12:12 because he shall not see, etc., (but ᵐ5 Co Kau Berthol לְמַעַן אשׁר לא יֵרָאֶה לָעַיִן): usually the verb follows immediately, but Ezek. sometimes puts the object first for emphasis, Ezek 5:11 יַעַן אֶתמִֿקְדָּשִׁי טִמֵּאתָ, Ezek 20:16; Ezek 20:24; Ezek 36:6, compare Ezek 34:21.

3. יַעַן וּבְיַעַן, q.d. because and by the cause (that), followed by perhaps, Lev 26:43 (H) יען וביען בְּמִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָ֔סוּ, Ezek 13:10 יַעַן בְּיַעַז followed by infinitive, Ezek 36:3. (In all, reckoning יען (ו)ביען once each, 93 t., of which 20 are in 1-2 Kings, 11 in Jeremiah, 38 in Ezekiel; and only 9 in Genesis—2Samuel.)

BDB6204 H4616 H834 H4617

[מַ֫עַן] substantive purpose, intent, only with לְ, in לְמַ֫עַן₂₇₁ preposition and conjunction for the sake of, on account of, to the intent or in order that (abbreviated from מַעֲנֶה: compare מַ֫עַל; Kö^{ii. 116}); — with suffix לְמַעֲנִי, לְמַעַנְךָ, and לְמַעַנְכֶם; —

1. preposition: —
a. Gen 18:24 wilt thou ... not spare the place למען חמשׁים הציקים for the sake of the 50 righteous? Deut 30:6 חַיֶּיךָ ׳ל for thy life's sake, 1Kgs 8:41 the foreigner who comer from afar שְׁמֶ֑ךָ ׳ל, Isa 43:14 לְמַעַנְכֶם שִׁלַּחְתִּי בָבֶ֫לָה, Isa 45:4; Isa 62:1 ציון ׳ל, Isa 63:17 עבדיך ׳ל, Isa 65:8; Ezek 36:22 (twice in verse); Job 18:4; Ps 122:8; Ps 122:9 (׳עַבְדִּי ד) לְמַעַן דָּוִד, i.e. for the sake of David's memory, and the promises given to him, 1Kgs 11:12; 1Kgs 11:13; 1Kgs 11:32; 1Kgs 11:34; 1Kgs 15:4; 2Kgs 8:19; 2Kgs 19:34 (= Isa 37:35), Isa 20:6 (all D²); לְמַעֲנִי (of ׳י) for my own sake, i.e. to vindicate my name, 2Kgs 19:34 (= Isa 37:35), 2Kgs 20:6; Isa 43:25; Isa 48:11 לְמַעֲנִי לְמַעֲנִי אֶעֲשֶׁה, so לְמַעַנְךָ Dan 9:19, אֲדֹנָי ׳ל vDan 9:17 ׳י is said (or entreated) to act (שִׁמְךָ, שְׁמִי) לְמַעַן שְׁמוֺ i.e. to maintain his reputation, or character, Ps 23:3; Ps 25:11; Ps 31:4; Ps 79:9; Ps 106:8; Ps 143:11; Jer 14:7; Jer 14:21; Ezek 20:9; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ezek 20:44; Isa 48:9 simile חַסְדְּךָ ׳ל (i.e. to maintain it consistently) Ps 6:5; Ps 44:27, טוּבְךָ ׳ל Ps 25:7, צִדְקוֺ ׳ל Isa 42:21.

b. In view of, on account of (but not expressing causation distinctly, like מִן 2 f, or מִפְּנֵי), Deut 3:26 בי לְמַעַנְכֶם ׳ויתעבר י on your account, 1Kgs 11:39 זֹאת ׳ל in view of this, שׁוֺרֲרַי ׳ל on account of my watchful foes, Ps 5:9; Ps 27:11, צורריך ׳ל Ps 8:3, simil. Ps 69:19; Ps 48:12 (Ps 97:8) משׁפטיך ׳ישמח הר ציון ֗֗֗ ל in view of thy judgments.

c. Sq. infinitive Gen 18:19 ׳לְמַעַן הָבִיא י for the purpose of J.'s bringing = to the intent that J. might bring, Gen 37:22 הַצִּיל ׳ל in order to rescue, Gen 50:20; Exod 1:11; Exod 9:16; Exod 10:1, etc., Deut 2:30; Deut 6:28, etc., 2Kgs 10:19; Jer 7:10; Jer 7:18; Jer 11:5; Jer 50:34 (on הִרגיע, see עַד 2 a b), Ezek 14:5; Ezek 21:5; Ezek 22:6 etc., Ezek 36:5, + often (Kö^{iii.595 f.}). Once, pleonastic, לְמַעַן לָמוּג לֵב Ezek 21:20 (compare כַּעֲבוּר לְ 1Chr 19:3 but read probably הִמּוֺג).

2. conjunction (followed by imperfect): —
a. לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר Gen 18:19 I have known him אשׁר יְצַוֶּה ׳ל to the end that he might command, etc., Deut 27:3; Josh 3:4; 2Sam 13:5; Jer 42:6 more often
b. without אשׁר, as Gen 12:13 לְמַעַן יִיטַב לִי, Gen 27:25; Exod 4:5 יאמינו ׳ל, Exod 8:6; Exod 8:18; Exod 9:29; Exod 10:2; Isa 5:19; Isa 23:16; Ps 9:15; Ps 30:13; Ps 48:14 + often (Kö^iii.571).

c. Sq. לֹא (a) אשׁר לֹא ׳ל Num 17:5; Deut 20:18; Ezek 31:14; Ezek 36:30; Ezek 46:18 (b) לֹא ׳ל Ezek 14:11; Ezek 19:9; Ezek 25:10; Ezek 26:20; Zech 12:7; Ps 119:11; Ps 119:80; Ps 125:3 (Kö^{iii.574. Less common than} לְבִלְתִּי or מִן with infinitive, or פֶּןֿ).

Note

1. — לְמַעַן is always in order that, never merely so that ἐκβατικῶς); but sometimes, in rhetorical passages, the issue of a line of action, though really undesigned, is represented by it ironically as if it were designed: Deut 29:18 (see Dr) ׳סְפוֺת וגו ׳וְהִתְבָּרֵךְ כִּלְבָבוֺ ֗֗֗ ל and he congratulate himself ... in order to sweep away the moistened with the dry (i.e. to destroy all together), Isa 30:1; Isa 44:9 יֵבוֺשׁוּ ׳בל יראו ובל ידעו ל in orer that they may be put to shame, Jer 7:18 הַכְעִיסֵנִי ׳ל, vJer 7:19 בּשֶׁת פְנֵיהֶם ׳ל, Jer 27:10; Jer 27:15; Jer 32:29; Hos 8:4 their silver, etc., they have made into idols יִכָרֵת ׳ל in order that it may be cut off (of course, not the real purpose of the idolatry), Amos 2:7; Mic 6:16: compare Ps 51:6 (see Comn.) in order that thou mightest be just when thou judgest (that is, by manifesting thy justice in judgement on my sin). compare Qor 28:7 (Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. 397 f.}).

Note 2. — In Josh 4:24 for the anomalous יְרָאתֶם ׳ל, read infinitive יִרְאָתָם ׳ל in order that they might fear (Dr^{§ 14 Obs}.): Neh 6:13 לְמַעַן שָׂכוּר הוּא לְמַעַן אִירָא (si vera 1.) the first ׳ל points forwards, to this intent was he hired, to the intent that I should be afraid. — On Prov 16:4, see מַעֵנֶה above

BDB8356 H834 H7945 H4100

שֶׁ, also ( Gen 6:3 [? see 4 a], Judg 5:7 (twice in verse); Song 1:7; Job 19:29 [?]) שַּׁ , שָׁ in שָׁאַתָּה Judg 6:17, and שְׁ in שְׁהוּא Eccl 2:22, שְׁהֵם Eccl 3:18 (elsewhere before guttural שֶׁ, as שֶׁאֲנִי Song 1:6; Eccl 2:18, שֶׁאֵין Ps 146:3, שֶׁהֵם Song 6:5; Lam 4:9, שֶׁעַל Judg 7:12; Judg 8:26, שֶׁרּאֹשִׁי Song 5:2), relative particle who, which, that, etc. (constantly in Late Hebrew; Aramaic of Nerab, Ldzb^{371, 445}; Assyrian sha; Phoenician אש (regularly), also sometimes ש (Ldzb^{227 f.}): according to Ges Ew^{§ 181 b} Ol^{p. 439} Sta^{§ 176 e, abbreviated} from אֲשֶׁר; more probably (Sperling [see אֲשֶׁר], Kö^{ii. 323 f.}) an original demonstrative particle), synonym with אֲשֶׁר, but in usage limited to late Hebrew, and passages with north Palestinian colouring, namely Judg 5:7 (twice in verse) [אֲשֶׁר vJudg 5:27], Judg 6:17; Judg 7:12; Judg 8:26; 2Kgs 6:11 (see 4 c), Jonah 1:7; Jonah 1:12; Jonah 4:10 [אֲשֶׁר 11 t.], Ps 122:3; Ps 122:4; Ps 123:2; Ps 124:1; Ps 124:2; Ps 124:6; Ps 129:6; Ps 129:7; Ps 133:2; Ps 133:3; Ps 135:2; Ps 135:8; Ps 135:10; Ps 136:23; Ps 137:8; Ps 137:9; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:3; Ps 146:5; Lam 2:15; Lam 2:16; Lam 4:9; Lam 5:18; Ezra 8:20; 1Chr 5:20; 1Chr 27:27 Canticles (uniformly, except in title Song 1:1); Ecclesiastes (68 t.; אֲשֶׁא 89 t.); also (dubious) Gen 6:3; Gen 49:10 (שֶׁלֹּה ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7), Job 19:29 and in the proper name (q. v.) מִישָׁאֵל and מְתוּשָׁאֵל. — In usage, שֶּׁ is in the main parallel with אֲשֶׁר, namely

1. as pronoun who, which, whom, Judg 7:12 כַּהוֺל שֶׁעַל שְׂפַת הַיָּם (compare חוֺל c), Ps 122:3; Ps 124:6 etc.; him whom, that which, etc., Song 1:7; Song 3:1; 1Chr 27:27; Eccl 1:11; Eccl 6:3 וְרַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ יְמֵי חַיָּיו and much (verb) is that which his days amount to (Hi De and others), vEccl 6:10 הוּא שֶּׁ that which Eccl 1:9 (twice in verse); in the genitive, אַשְׁרֵי שֶּׁ Ps 137:8; Ps 137:9; Ps 146:5. — On מַהשֶּּֿׁ in Eccl = whatever, what, see מָה 1 e b.

2. as a connecting link; = where (compare אֲשֶׁר p. 81, and 4 b β), מְקוֺם שֶּׁ Eccl 1:7; Eccl 11:3 (compare מְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר Gen 39:20 +: Ges^{«GKC:130c»§ 130c}), whither Ps 122:4 (שֶׁשָּׁם ֗֗֗ ), when Song 8:8; Eccl 12:3 בַּיּוֺם שֶּׁ (compare ib. 4 b a).

3.as a conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8); —
a. that, after רָאָה Eccl 2:13; Eccl 3:18, יָרַע Eccl 1:17; Eccl 2:14; Eccl 9:5; Job 19:19 (?), דִּבֶּר Eccl 2:15, אָמַר Eccl 8:14, עָשָׂה אוֺת Judg 6:17 as subject of sentence, Eccl 3:13; Eccl 5:15 also in the phrases, (a) what is ... that ? Song 5:9 (usually כִּי; see מָךְ 1 d b), מֶה הָיָה שֶּׁ how comes it that ... ? Eccl 7:10
(b) Song 3:4 כִּמְעַט שֶׁעָבַרְתּת מֵהֶם hardly (was it) that (German kaum dass) I had passed, etc., Eccl 7:14 עַל דִּדבְרַת שֶׁלּאֹ יִמְצָא to the intent that ..., Eccl 5:15 כָּלעֻֿמַּת שֶׁבֶּא exactly as ..., Eccl 12:9 תֵר שֶׁ besides that, עַד שֶּׁ (עַד ּ Judg 5:7) until that Ps 123:2; Song 2:7; Song 2:17 + (see III. עַד II 1 a a and b; compare Late Hebrew Yoma Song 5:1), while Song 1:12 (ib. 2 d); עָשָׂהשֶּׁ to make or cause that ..., Eccl 3:14 (compare Ezek 36:27).
b. involving a reason (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c), because, since, Song 1:6 (twice in verse); Song 5:2; Eccl 2:18 b. Hence שֵׁלָּמָה Song 1:7 since why ? = lest (see מָה 4 d b).

4. compounds:
a. בְּשֶּׁ , i. q. בַּאֲשֶׁר c (p. 84a) in that, seeing that, Eccl 2:16 also (according to ᵑ0 ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Hu De) Gen 6:3 בְּשַׁגַּם הוּא בָשָׂר because that he also is flesh; but see שָׁגַג.
b. כּשֶּׁ , i. q. כַּאֲשֶׁר p. 455: — (a) according as Eccl 5:14; Eccl 12:7 (b) when (so often in Late Hebrew, as Ab Eccl 1:8 (3 t. in verse); Eccl 1:14) Eccl 9:12; Eccl 10:3.
c. מִשֶּּׁ , i. q. מֵאֲשֶׁר a (p. 84:a), 2Kgs 6:12 מִי מִשֶּׁלָּנוּ who of those that are ours ? (but Klo Kmp^Kau Benz מְגַלֵּנוּ who betrays us ? compare ᵐ5); Eccl 5:4 than that (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Eccl 3:22), + Eccl 2:24 (read מִשֶּׁיּאֹכַל with Ew De, etc.; compare Eccl 3:22).
d. שֶׁל, like אֲשֶׁרלְ (אֲשֶׁר 7 b), a mark of the genitive: thrice, adding slight emphasis to the suffix, Song 1:6 = Song 8:12 כַּרְמִי שֶׁלִּי my vineyard (literally my vineyard, which is mine), Song 3:7 מִטָּתוֺ שֶׁלִּשְׁלֹמֹה (so often in Late Hebrew, but without any special emphasis, as Aboth Song 1:12 הֲוֵי מתלמידיווּ שׁלאֿהרן be of Aaron's disciples, Song 2:1 שְׂכָרָן שֶׁלמִֿצְוֺת, vSong 2:2; Song 3:2 הֲוֵי מתפלל בשׁלומהּ שׁלמֿלכות; compare in Syriac, as Luke 6:42 my words, Nö^{§ 225}). And with בְּ, בְּשֶׁל literally through that which belongs to or concerns, pleonastic for on account of (a late, unidiomatic translation of Aramaic בְּרִיל, from בְּ, דִּי, and לְ, as in Onk Gen 12:13 בדילי on my account, Gen 30:27; Gen 39:5 בְּדִיל יוֺסֵף, בְּדִיל מָא on account of what ? Judg 8:1; 2Sam 9:1; 1Kgs 11:12; 1Kgs 11:39, etc.), Jonah 1:7 בְּשֶׁלְּמִי on account of whom ? (|| vJonah 1:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי; probably a gloss), vJonah 1:12 בְּשֶׁלִּי an account of me (ᵑ7 בְּדִיל מַן, בְּדִילִי); Eccl 8:17 בְּשֶׁל אֲשֶׁר יַעֲמֹל הָאָדָם לְבַקֵּשׁ on account of (the fact) that (= seeing that) man labours, etc. (unidiomatic translation of Aramaic בְּדִיל דְּ because that, as Gen 6:3 בְּדִיל דְּאִינוּן בִּסְרָא, Gen 39:9 בְּרִיל דְּאַתְּ אִיתְּתֵיהּ [for Hebrew בַּאֲשֶׁר אַתְּ אִשְׁתּוֺ]; Palmyrene בדיל די Ldzb²³³, — in Tariff Gen 1:4 (Cooke^{N. Semitic Inscr. 320}) = ἐπειδή).

[שֹׁא] see [ שׁוֺא].

BDB844 H834

אֲשֶׁר particle of relation (Moabite id.; origin dubious:

1. according to Tsepreghi^{Diss. Lugd. p. 171} Mühlau^{Bö. Lb. ii. 79 n.} Sta^{Morg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167} Hom^{ZMG 1878, 708 ff.} Müll^{§ 153} Sayce^{Hebraica. ii. 51} Lag^{M. i. 255 &} especially Krae^{Hebraica. vi. 298 ff}, originally a substantive 'place' = footstep, mark, (do.), אֲתַר, place, Assyrian ašru, used (see Kraetz.) both as a substantive 'there, where,' and as a relative of place 'where': in Hebrew this development has advanced further, and it has become a relative sign generally. The chief objection to this explanation is that it would isolate Hebrew from the other Semitic languages, in which pronouns are formed regularly from demonstrative roots (compare also Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738}).

2. according to Phi^{St. C. 73} Sperling^{Nota Rel. im Hebr. 1876, 15-22} for אֲשֶׁל, developed from the relative שׁ (q. v.) by (1) the prefixing of either a merely prosthetic א, or, better, a pronominal א (giving rise to אש, the form of the relative in Phoenician), and (2) the addition of the demonstrative root ל [found also in אֵל, אֵלָּה, הַלָּזֶה (q. v.), he who, who (plural)]: the main objection to this explanation is the change of ל to ר, which is hardly rendered probable by the compare of Syriac by side of ᵑ7 הָלְכָּא. 1 seems preferable, the primitive root having acquired different significations in the different Semitic languages, and having been weakened in Hebrew to a mere particle of relation). A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. As a rule אֲשֶׁר is a mere connecting link, and requires to be supplemented (see the grammars) by a pronominal affix, or other word, such as שָׁם, defining the nature of the relation more precisely: e.g. Gen 1:11 אֲשֶׁר זַרֵעוֺבֿוֺ literally as to which, its seed is in it = in which is its seed, Ps 1:4 like the chaff אֲשֶׁרתִּֿדְּפֶנּוּ רוּחַ as to which, the wind drives it = which the wind drives, etc.; & so אֲשֶׁרשָׁ֗֗֗ם = where, אֲשֶׁרמִ֗֗֗שָּׁם = whence, Gen 2:11; Gen 3:23; Gen 20:13 etc. Sometimes also (see below) the relation expressed by it is specifically temporal, local causal, etc. More particularly

1. it includes its pronominal antecedent, whether in the nominative or oblique cases, as Num 22:6 וַאֲשֶׁר תָּאֹר יוּאָר and he whom thou cursest is cursed, Exod 4:12 and I will teach thee אֲשֶׁר תְּדַבֵּר that which thou shalt say; and with particles or prepositions, as אֵת אֲשֶׁר (according to the context) him who . . ., those who . . ., that which . . .; לַאֲשֶׁר to him who . . . Gen 43:16, to those who . . . Gen 47:24, to that which Gen 27:8 מֵאֲשֶׁר Judg 16:30; 2Sam 18:18 than those whom; Lev 27:24 לַאֲשֶׁר קָנָהוּ מֵאִתּוֺ to him from whom he bought it, Num 5:7; Isa 24:2 כַּאֲשֶׁר נשֶׁא בוֺ like him against whom there is a creditor.

2. instances of אֲשֶׁר followed by a pronominal affix, or by שָׁם, שָֽׁמָּה, מִשָּׁם, are so common that the examples cited above will be sufficient. Very rarely there occurs the anomalous construction עִם אֲשֶׁר Gen 31:32 for אֲשֶׁר עִמּוֺ (see Gen 44:9), בַּאֲשֶׁר Isa 47:12 for אֲשֶׁר בָּהֶם, לַאֲשֶׁר for אֲשֶׁרלָ֗֗֗הֶם Ezek 23:40: Ps 119:49 see under על אשׁר. It is followed by the pronoun in the nominative, in the following cases: —
(a) immediately, mostly before an adjective or participle, Gen 9:3 all moving things אֲשֶׁר הוּאחַֿי which are living, Lev 11:26; Num 9:13; Num 14:8; Num 14:27; Num 35:31; Deut 20:20; 1Sam 10:19 (see Dr) 2Kgs 25:19 (|| Jer 52:25 היה) Jer 27:9; Ezek 43:19; Hag 1:9; Ruth 4:15; Neh 2:18; Eccl 7:26 before a verb 2Kgs 22:13 (omitted 2Chr 34:21).
(b) in a negative sentence, at the end: Gen 7:2; Gen 17:12; Num 17:5; Deut 17:15 אֲשֶׁר לֹא אָחִיךָ הוּא who is not thy brother, Deut 20:15; Judg 19:12; 1Kgs 8:41 || 1Kgs 9:20 ||.

N.B. Ps 16:3 אֲשֶׁר בָּאָרֶץ הֵ֑מָּה is an unparalleled expression for 'who are in the land'; read ׳אֲשֶׁר בָּאָ֑רֶץ הֵמָּה אַדִּירֵי וג 'the saints that are in the land, they (המה) are the nobles, in whom,' etc.

3. sometimes (though rarely) the defining adjunct is a pronoun of 1 or 2 person as well as of 3 person. In such cases it is strictly to be rendered I who . . ., thou who, etc.; Hos 14:4 אֲשֶׁרבְּֿךָ יְרֻחַם יָתוֺם thou by whom the fatherless is compassionated ! Jer 31:32 I, whose covenant they brake, Jer 32:19; Isa 49:23; Job 37:17f. thou whose garments are warm . . ., canst thou ? etc., Ps 71:19; Ps 71:20; Ps 144:12 we whose sons, etc., Ps 139:15 my frame was not hidden from thee, אֲ֯שֶׁרעֻֿשֵּׂיתִי בַסֵּתֶר I who was wrought in secret (= though I was wrought in secret), Exod 14:13 for ye who have seen the Egyptians to-day, — ye shall not see them again for ever! (compare Ps 41:9).

4. the defining pron. adjunct is dispensed with —
a. when אֲשֶׁר represents the simple subject of a sentence, or the direct object of a verb: so constantly, as Gen 2:1 the work אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה which he made, Gen 3:3 the tree אֲשֶׁר בְּתוֺךְ הַגָּן which is in the midst of the garden, etc.
b. after words denoting time, place, or manner, so that אֲשֶׁר then becomes equivalent to when, where, why:
(a) Gen 6:4 אַחֲרֵי כֵן אֲשֶׁר afterwards, when, etc. (compare 2Chr 35:20) Gen 45:6 there are still 5 years אֲשֶׁר אֵין חָרִישׁ when there shall be no plowing, Josh 14:10; 1Kgs 22:25 after יוֺם or הַיּוֺם Deut 4:10; Judg 4:14; 1Sam 24:5 (see Dr) 2Sam 19:25; Jer 20:14 and elsewhere; similarly Gen 40:13. (β) Gen 35:13 בַּמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אִתּוֺ in the place where he spake with him, vGen 35:14; Gen 39:20; Num 13:27; Num 22:26; Deut 1:31 in the desert which thou sawest, where (accents Ke Di), Deut 8:15; 1Kgs 8:9 (unless לוּחוֺת הַבְּרִית has here fallen out: see ᵐ5 & Deut 9:9) Isa 55:11; Isa 64:10; Ps 84:4. So (γ) in אֶל אֲשֶׁר to (the place) which (or whither) Exod 32:34; Ruth 1:16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר to every (place) whither Josh 1:16; Prov 17:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר in (the place) where Judg 5:27; Judg 17:8; Judg 17:9; 1Sam 23:13; 2Kgs 8:1; Ruth 1:16; Ruth 1:17; Job 39:30, once only with שָׁם Gen 21:17 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר wheresoever Josh 1:7; Josh 1:9; Judg 2:15; 1Sam 14:47; 1Sam 18:5; 2Sam 7:7; 2Kgs 18:7 מֵאֲשֶׁר from (the place) where = whencesoever Exod 5:11; Ruth 2:9 עַלאֲֿשֶׁר to (the place) whither (or which) 2Sam 15:20; 1Kgs 18:12 עַלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר Jer 1:7. (δ) זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ this is the reason that or why . . . Josh 5:4; 1Kgs 11:27.
c. more extreme instances Lev 14:22; Lev 14:30; Lev 14:31; Num 6:21; Deut 7:19 (wherewith), Deut 28:20; 1Sam 2:32 (wherein), 1Kgs 2:26; Judg 8:15 (about whom), Isa 8:12 (where יאמר would be followed normally by לוֺ), Isa 31:6 turn ye to (him as to) whom they have deeply rebelled, Isa 47:15; Zeph 3:11; Eccl 3:9; 1Kgs 14:19 (= how).
d. it is dispensed with only in appearance after ׅ׳אֲשֶׁר אָמַר (אָמַרְתִּי וג followed by the words used, its place being really taken by a pronoun in the speech which follows, as Gen 3:17 the tree as to which I commanded thee saying, Thou shalt not eat from it, Exod 22:8; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4 (זֶה) Judg 8:15 (where the noun repeated takes the place of the pronoun, compare Deut 9:2) 1Sam 9:17 (זֶה):23 +; compare 2Sam 11:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4.

5. אֲשֶׁר sometimes in poetry = one who, a man who (men who), ὅστις, οἵτινες, Ps 24:4; Ps 55:20; Ps 95:4; Ps 95:5; Job 4:19; Job 5:5; Job 9:5 (Hi) Job 15:17.

6. אֲשֶׁר occasionally receives its closer definition by a substantive following it, in other words, its logical antecedent is inserted in the relative clause:
(a) in the phrase peculiar to Jeremiah, ׳אֶל יר ׳אֲשֶׁר הָיָה דְבַר י that which came (of) the word of ׳י to Jeremiah Jer 14:1; Jer 46:1; Jer 47:1; Jer 49:34 (compare Ew^{§ 334});
(b) Exod 25:9; Num 33:4; 1Sam 25:30; 2Kgs 8:12; 2Kgs 12:6 לְכֹל אֲשֶׁריִֿמָּצֵא שָׁם בָּֽדֶק׃ Ezek 12:25 compare the Ethiopic usage Di^{§ 201};
(c) (antecedant repeated) Gen 49:30 = Gen 50:13, 1Sam 25:30 (׳י repeated), Isa 54:9 (probably) as to which I sware that, etc., Amos 5:1 which I take up over you (as) a dirge.

7. ׳אֲשֶׁר ל that (belongs, belong, belonged) to, is used
a. either alone or preceded by כָּלֿ to express (all) that (belongs) to, as Gen 14:23 מִכָּלאֲֿשֶׁרלְֿךָ of all that is thine, Gen 31:1 מֵאֲשֶׁר לְאָבִינוּ of that which was our father's, Gen 32:24 & sent over אֶתאֲֿשֶׁרלֿוֺ that which he had, + often
b. as a circumlocution of the genitive, as Gen 29:9 עִםהַֿצּאֹן אֲשֶׁר לְאָבִיהָ with the sheep that were her father's, Gen 40:5; Gen 47:4; Lev 9:8; Judg 6:11; 1Sam 25:7 הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁרלְֿךָ, 2Sam 14:31 אֶתהַֿחֶלְקָה אֲשֶׁרלִֿי, 2Sam 23:8; 1Kgs 1:8; 1Kgs 1:33 עַל הַפִּרְדָּה אֲשֶׁרלִֿי upon mine own mule, v1Kgs 1:49; 1Kgs 4:2; 2Kgs 11:10; 2Kgs 16:13; Ruth 2:21 and especially in the case of a compound expression depending on a single genitive, as Gen 23:9; Gen 40:5; Gen 41:43 מִרְכֶּבֶת הַמִּשְׁנֶה אֲשֶׁרלֿוֺ the chariot of the second rank which he had, Exod 38:30; Judg 3:20; Judg 6:25; 1Sam 17:40; 1Sam 21:8 אֲבִיר הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁר לְשָׁאוּל the mightiest of Saul's herdmen, 1Sam 24:5 אֶתכְּֿנַףהַֿמְּעִיל אֲשֶׁרלְֿשָׁאוּל, 2Sam 2:8 Saul's captain of the host, 1Kgs 10:28; 1Kgs 15:20; 1Kgs 22:31; Jer 52:17; Ruth 4:3.
c. with names of places (especially such as do not readily admit the stative construct) Judg 18:28; Judg 19:14 הַגִּבְעָה אֲשֶׁר לְבִנְיָמִין Gibeah (the hill) of Benjamin, Judg 20:4; 1Sam 17:1; 1Kgs 15:27; 1Kgs 16:15; 1Kgs 17:9; 1Kgs 19:3; 2Kgs 14:11. compare שֶׁל (q. v.) which in Rabb, like the Aramaic -דִּיל, , is in habitual use as a mark of the genitive. — N.B. In Aramaic also דּי, , without ל, expresses the genitive relation, as מִלְּתָא דִימַֿלְכָּא, literally the word, that of the king = the word of the king. The few apparent cases of a similar use of אשׁר are, however, too foreign to the general usage of the language to be regarded otherwise than as due to textual error: 1Sam 13:8 read אֲשֶׁר אָמַר (or שָׂם Exod 19:5) שְׁמוּאֵל (ᵐ5 εἶπε); 1Kgs 11:25 supply עָשָׂה (ᵐ5 ἣν ἐποίησεν); 2Kgs 25:10 supply אֵת with (as || Jer 52:14); 2Chr 34:22 read וַאֲשֶׁר אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ (compare ᵐ5) and those whom the king appointed (abbreviated from 2Kgs 22:14); compare Ew^{§ 292 a, b} with note.

8. אֲשֶׁר becomes, like Aramaic דּי, , a conjunction approximating in usage to כִּי: thus
a. = quod, ὅτι, that, subordinating an entire sentence to a verb of knowing, remembering, etc.
(a) with אֵת Deut 9:7 forget not אֵת אֲשֶׁר הִקְצַפְתָּ the fact that (= how) thou provokedst, etc., Deut 29:15; Josh 2:10; 1Sam 24:11; 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 11:20 know ye not אֵת אֲשֶׁריֹֿרוּ how they shoot from off the wall ? 2Kgs 8:12; Isa 38:3 + often As subject (rare) 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 14:15; 2Kgs 20:20. Of time (peculiarly) 2Sam 14:15 עַתָּה אֲשֶׁר now (is it) that . . . Zech 8:20 (probably) yet (shall it be) that . . . vZech 8:23 compare כִּמְעַט שֶׁ Song 3:4. (β) without אֵת (not very common, כִּי being usually employed): after יָדַע Exod 11:7; Ezek 20:26 (very strange in Ezekiel: see Hi) Job 9:5 (Ew De Di) Eccl 8:12, רָאָה Deut 1:31 (RV) 1Sam 18:15, הִתְוַדָּה to confess Lev 5:5; Lev 26:40 b, הִשְׁבִּיעַ 1Kgs 22:16 (caused to swear that . . .); after a noun Isa 38:7 הָאוֺת אֲשֶׁר the sign that . . . (|| 2Kgs 20:9 כִּי): with growing frequency in late Hebrew, 2Chr 2:7, and especially Nehemiah, Esther: Neh 2:5; Neh 2:10; Neh 7:65 (= Ezra 2:63) Neh 8:14; Neh 8:15; Neh 10:31; Neh 13:1; Neh 13:19; Neh 13:22; Neh 2:10; Neh 3:4; Neh 4:11; Neh 6:2; Neh 8:11; (מֵאֲשֶׁר) Eccl 5:4; Eccl 7:18 (with טוֺב: contrast Ruth 2:22) vRuth 2:22 vRuth 2:29; Ruth 8:12; Ruth 8:14; Ruth 9:1; Dan 1:8 (twice in verse). (γ) prefixed to a direct citation, like כִּי q. v. (= ὅτι recitativum) (rare) 1Sam 15:20; 2Sam 1:4; 2Sam 2:4 (see Dr) Ps 10:6 (probably), Neh 4:6.
b. it is resolvable into so that: Gen 11:7 אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִשְׁמְעוּ so that they understand not, etc., Gen 13:16; Gen 22:14 אֲשֶׁר יֵאָמֵר so that it is said, Exod 20:26; Deut 4:10; Deut 4:40 אֲשֶׁר יִיטַב לְךָ Deut 6:3; Deut 28:27; Deut 28:51; 1Kgs 3:12; 1Kgs 3:13; 2Kgs 9:37; Mal 3:19.
c. it has a causal force, forasmuch as, in that, since: Gen 30:18; Gen 31:49 and Mizpah, אֲשֶׁר אָמַר for that he said, Gen 34:13; Gen 34:27; Gen 42:21 we are guilty, אֲשֶׁר רָאִינוּ we who saw (or, in that we saw), Num 20:13 Meribah, because they strove there, Deut 3:24; Josh 4:7; Josh 4:23; Josh 22:31; Judg 9:17; 1Sam 2:23; 1Sam 15:15; 1Sam 20:42 go in peace, אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְנוּ forasmuch as we have sworn, 1Sam 25:26 thou whom (= or, seeing that) ׳י hath withholden, 2Sam 2:5 blessed are ye of ׳י, אֲשֶׁר עֲשִׂיתֶם, who (οἵτινες) have done (or in that ye have done), 1Kgs 3:19; 1Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 12:3; 2Kgs 17:4; 2Kgs 23:26; (Hi De Now). Here also belongs its use in אֲשֶׁר לָמָּה since why . . . ? (= lest) Dan 1:10: see below לָמָּה. On אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן forasmuch as Job 34:27 see below כִּי עַל כֵּן.
d. it expresses a condition (rare & peculiar): Lev 4:22 אֲשֶׁר נָשִׂיא יֶחֱטָא in (case) that = when (or if) a ruler sinneth (Lev 4:3 vLev 4:13 vLev 4:37 אִם), Num 5:29 (explained differently by Ew^{§ 334 a}), Deut 11:27 and the blessing אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁמְעוּ if ye hearken (Deut 11:28 אִם), Deut 18:22 Ges, Josh 4:21 אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁאָלוּן ֗֗֗ when they ask . . ., then . . . (Josh 4:6 כִּי), Isa 31:4. In 1Kgs 8:33 (|| 2Chr 6:24 כִּי, compare Kings v2Chr 6:35 v2Chr 6:37) אֲשֶׁר may be rendered indifferently because or when. Once, similarly, אֵת אֲשֶׁר 1Kgs 8:31 (|| אִם).
e. perhaps (exceptionally) = כַּאֲשֶׁר, as, Jer 33:22; Isa 54:9 (followed by כֵּן; but כֵּן q. v. sometimes stands without כאשׁר, & אשׁר may in these passages connect with what precedes); according to some also Jer 48:8; Ps 106:34 (in a connection where כַּאֲשֶׁר would be more usual: אֲשֶׁר may however be the object of אָמַר). In 1Sam 16:7 אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה הָאָדָם read כַּאֲשֶׁר, see Dr. feminine combined with prepositions, אֲשֶׁר converts them into conjunctions: see below, בַּאֲשֶׁר, כַּאֲשֶׁר, מֵאֲשֶׁר. On its use similarly with (אַחֲרֵי) אַחַר, מִבְּלִי, בַּעֲבוּר, עַל דְּבַר, יַעַן, לְמַעַן, כְּפִי, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, מִפְּנֵי, תַּחַת, see these words. — הַאֲשֶׁר, with ה interrogative, occurs once, 2Kgs 6:22. In Deut 15:14 also read כַּאֲשֶׁר: note ברכך before.

Note 1. אֲשֶׁר being a connecting link, without any perfectly corresponding equivalent in English, its force is not unfrequently capable of being represented in more than one way. See e.g. 2Sam 2:5 (above 8 c), Isa 28:12 unto whom he said, or for that he said to them.

Note 2. The opinion that אֲשֶׁר has an asseverative force (like כִּי, q. v.), or introduces the apodosis, is not probably, being both alien to its general usage & not required by the passages alleged. Render Isa 8:20 either 'Surely according to this word will those speak who have no dawn,' or '. . . will they speak when (compare above 8 d Deut 11:27; Josh 4:21) they have no dawn.'

BDB845 H834

בַּאֲשֶׁר ₁₉
a. in (that) which . . . Isa 56:4; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 (above 1); Eccl 3:9 in (that, in) which (4 c); Isa 47:12 (see 2). b. adverb in (the place) where: above 4 b (γ). c. conjunction in that, inasmuch as, Gen 39:9; Gen 39:23; Eccl 7:2; Eccl 8:4 compare .
d. Jonah 1:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי on account of whom ? (בַּאֲשֶׁר לְ on account of, framed on model of Aramaic בְּדִיל: see below שֶׁל).

כַּאֲשֶׁר see below כְּ.

BDB846 H834

מֵאֲשֶׁר₁₇
a. from (or than) that which (him, them, etc., that . . .) Gen 3:11; Exod 29:27 (twice in verse); Num 6:11 (see Lev 4:26; Josh 10:11; Judg 16:30; Isa 47:13 +; than that . . . Eccl 3:22 לְבַד מֵאֲשֶׁר Esth 4:11. b. adverb from (the place) where: above 4 a (β). c. conjunction from (the fact) that . . ., since Isa 43:4.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb^{267. 446} RES³⁶¹ S-C^{Pap. A 2} +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K^{§ 103.}

2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K^{§ 81.}

3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.

4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb²⁹³ SAC^{G1 62, 63} Cooke^{369 b RES:361}; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

which, that, as, whom, who, …

ʾăšer

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

(relative part.)

which, who

that (in obj clause)

שָׁאַ֖לְתְּ

Root word asked, ask, inquired, inquire, lent, …

Dictionary form: שָׁאַל · shaw-AL

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), second person feminine singular simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: thou hast asked

ask ×22 asked ×12 inquired ×10 and asked ×4 and he asked ×3 asketh ×3 borrow ×3 hast asked ×3

More options

ask — Most versatile; fits direct questions and requests.

inquire — Slightly more formal; suits investigative or official contexts.

request — Emphasizes a polite or formal petition to someone.

consult — Prefer when seeking divine or expert guidance.

borrow — Specialized sense; use when object is to be returned.

beg — Marks urgency or desperation in the asking.

BDB8367 H7592

שָׁאַל verb ask, inquire (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian ša°âlu, Arabic , Ethiopic Sabean מסאל request petition, Hom^Chrest.124 Levy-Os^{ZMG xix(1865), 165}; Aramaic , שְׁאֵיל; Old Aramaic Zinjirli שאל Ldzb³⁷¹, Nabataean Hiph`il lend Id^ib.; — on ׳שׁ compare Jastr^{JBL xix (1900), 82 ff.}); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular׳שׁ Judg 5:25 +, שָׁאָ֑ל Judg 8:26 +2 t.; consecutive וְשָׁ֫אַל לוֺ Num 27:21 suffix וּשְׁאֵלְךָ consecutive Gen 32:18 (Ges^{«GKC:64f»§ 64f}), וּשְׁאֵלֵךְ consecutive Judg 4:20 1 singular suffix שְׁאִלְתִּיו 1Sam 1:20, שְׁאִלְתִּיהוּ Judg 13:16 3 plural suffix שְׁאֵלוּנוּ Ps 137:3 2 masculine plural שְׁאֶלְתֶּם 1Sam 12:13 (strike out ᵐ5 Th We Dr and most), Job 21:29, וּשְׁאֶלָתֶּםֿ consecutive 1Sam 25:5, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁאַל Exod 22:13 + ,etc.; Imperative שְׁאַל Isa 7:11 +, שְׁאָלוּנִי Isa 45:11 ( < תִּשְׁאְֵלוּנִי Weir Che and others), etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁאוֺל Gen 43:7 +; construct לִשְׁאֹל Judg 1:14 +, etc.; Participle active שֹׁאֵל 2Sam 3:13 +, feminine singular שֹׁאֶלֶת 1Kgs 2:20; 1Kgs 2:22, masculine plural הַשֹּׁאֲלִים 1Sam 8:10 passive שָׁאוּל 1Sam 1:28; 2Kgs 6:5 —

1. a. ask, ask for, accusative of thing (or person) Judg 5:25; Judg 8:26; 1Kgs 3:10; Ps 122:6 (= pray for) +; אֶתנַֿפְשׁוֺ לָמוּת ׳שׁ 1Kgs 19:4; Jonah 4:8, i. e. pray for death, but Job 31:30 demand the life of another בְּאָלָה by a curse; with ל person 1Kgs 2:22 (twice in verse) + (ל person reflexive) 1Sam 12:17; 1Sam 12:19 +; with מִן person Judg 8:24 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb), Ezra 8:22; Zech 10:1+; followed by infinitive 1Kgs 3:11 followed by clause מָה אֶתֶּןלָֽֿךְ׃ ׳שׁ 1Kgs 3:5 = 2Chr 1:7, compare 2Kgs 2:9 with accusative + מֵאֵת person 1Sam 8:10; Ps 27:4(from ׳י) +; + מֵעִם person Isa 7:11 (from ׳י) +; with accusative of person (from whom) + of thing Ps 137:3 accusative omitted Isa 7:12; 1Sam 12:20; 1Kgs 2:20, with מִן person Ps 2:8 absolute Mic 7:3; Ps 105:40 (of prayer); הִקְשִׁיתָ לִשְׁאוֺל 2Kgs 2:10, i.e. thou hast asked for a difficult thing. — 1Sam 2:20 see Hiph`il b. specifically ask as a favour, for temporary use, i.e. borrow (compare לָוָה, as matter of business, see Bu^{1Sam 1:28}), Exod 22:13 (E; accusative of thing + מֵעִם person), 2Kgs 4:3 (accusative of thing + מִן of source + ל person reflexive), 2Kgs 6:5 (passive participle absolute); so also (according to many), with accusative of thing Exod 3:22( + מִן person), Exod 11:2; Exod 12:35 (both + מֵאֵת person; all E), — it is, however, not clear that there was any pretext of mere temporary use; passive participle ׳שָׁאוּל לי 1Sam 1:28 (lent, granted,) made over to ׳י (in effect passive of Hiph`il, q. v.).
c. in weakened sense, seek, desire (late), with accusative 2Chr 11:23; Eccl 2:10 (subject עֵינַי); Prov 20:4 in harvest he shall look [for a crop], וָאָ֑יִן and there shall be none.

2. a. inquire of, with accusative of person + לֵאמֹר before inquiry Gen 32:18 (E), Gen 44:19 (J) +; with וְאָמַר Judg 4:20, וַיּאִמֶר, etc., Gen 24:47(J), Jer 37:13 followed by וְאָמַר without accusative of person Gen 32:30 (J), compare 1Sam 19:22, followed by לֵאמֹר Josh 4:6 (JE); with accusative of person + עַל of thing Neh 1:2 עַל of thing alone, Eccl 7:10 ( + מֵחָכְמָה, i. e. prompted by wisdom); with accusative of person + of thing (about which) 2Sam 14:18; Isa 45:11 + 4 t.; accusative of person + indirect question Judg 13:6 with accusative of person only, Judg 8:14; 1Sam 25:8; Deut 32:7 +, inquire of beasts (accusative) Job 12:7 with accusative of thing only, Jer 50:5 with ל person = accusative 2Kgs 8:6 (Kö^{Synt. § 289 h}); with ל of thing about which Gen 26:7 (J), Gen 32:30 (J), Judg 13:18; 2Sam 11:7; Jer 6:16; Job 8:8, also ( + לאמר before the inquiry) Gen 43:7 (J), and (followed by direct question) Deut 4:32 with ל person about whom, Gen 43:27 (J), compare phrase of greeting, אִישׁ לְרֵעֵהוּ לְשָׁלוֺם ׳שׁ Exod 18:7 (E) ask each for (or about) his fellow as to welfare, compare Judg 18:15; 1Sam 10:4; 1Sam 17:22; 1Sam 25:5; 1Sam 30:21 [read וַיִּשְׁאֲלוּ לוֺ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 We Dr HPS Bu] 2Sam 8:10; Jer 15:5; 1Chr 18:10 followed by direct question only, 1Sam 17:56; Jer 18:13 (with ב location), followed by indirect question only (c.אִם) Jer 30:6 אֶתפִּֿי ׳שׁ ׳פ Gen 24:57(J); absolute make inquiry Deut 13:15 ( + דָּרַשׁ, חָקַר).
b. inquire of, consult, deity, oracle, etc. (Jastr^{JBL xix (1900) 88 ff.}), followed by accusative ׳פִּי י Josh 9:14 (JE), Isa 30:2 ׳י Isa 65:1 (|| בִּקֵּשׁ); elsewhere in Hexateuch only (accusative omitted), Num 27:21 (P; with ל person for whom, + ב instrumental), compare Josh 19:50 also אוֺב ׳שׁ Deut 18:11 (participle as substantive; Jäger^{BAS ii. 292} compare Assyrian maššaku ša šâ°ili, i. e. skin-vessel of the oracle-seeker, compare Jastr^{JBL xix (1900), 96 ff.}); with accusative of human agent 1Sam 28:16; Jer 38:14; Jer 38:27 usually (ancient usage, chiefly Judges, Samuel) לֵאמֹר ׳בי ׳שׁ (בְּ perhaps originally local, so GFM, or instrumental), Judg 1:1; Judg 20:23; 1Sam 23:2; 1Sam 30:8; 2Sam 2:1; 2Sam 5:19 = 1Chr 14:10 לֵאמֹר omitted 1Sam 10:22 (followed by direct question), 1Sam 22:10 (ל person for whom), 1Sam 23:4; 1Sam 28:6; 2Sam 5:23 = 1Chr 14:14; Judg 20:27 בֵּאלֹהִים ׳שׁ Judg 18:5; Judg 20:18; 1Sam 14:37 (followed by direct question), also (ל person for whom), 1Sam 22:13; 1Sam 22:15 ׳שׁ ׳בִּדְבַר הָא 2Sam 16:23 likewise בְּעֵצוֺ ׳שׁ Hos 4:12 (i.e. his idol), בַּתְּרָפִים Ezek 21:26, בָּאוֺב 1Chr 10:13 perhaps = receive as oracle Deut 18:16 (׳מֵעִם י, Jastr^l.c. Niph`al ask for oneself (Ges^{«GKC:51e»§ 51e}), specifically ask leave of absence, with מִן person: Perfect 3 masculine singular + Infinitive absolute נִשְׁאֹל נִשְׁאַל 1Sam 20:6 (followed by infinitive), v1Sam 20:28 (followed by עַד; ? insert ל infinitive HPS); Perfect 1 singular נִשְׁאַלְתִּי מִןהַֿמֶּלֶךְ Neh 13:6 (absolute).

Pi`el 1. inquire carefully: Imperfect 3 masculine plural + Qal Infinitive absolute שָׁאוֺל יְשָֽׁאֲלוּ 2Sam 20:18 (Bu proposes Qal Imperfect יִשְׁאֲלוּ), with ב location; on following context see We Dr HPS Bu.

2. beg, practise beggary, ,Perfect 3 plural וְשִׁאֵ֑לוּ (consecutive) Ps 109:10. Hiph`il (properly let one ask [successfully], give, or lend, on request, then) grant, make over to (as a favour, with or without request): Perfect 1 singular suffix הִשְׁאִלְתִּהוּ ׳לי 1Sam 1:28 I have made him over to ׳י (compare Dr HPS Bu and Qal Passive participle, ib.); perhaps also read 3 feminine singular ׳הִשְׁאִילָה לי 1Sam 2:20 (whom) she hath made over to ׳י (for ׳שָׁאַל לי) Bu HPS (after ᵐ5. in part; other conjectures in Dr); Imperfect 3 masculine plural suffix of thing וַיַּשְׁאִלוּם Exod 12:36 (E) and they handed them over.

BDB9922 H7592 H7593

שׁ

שְׁאֵל verb ask (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Dan 2:10 plural שְׁאֵ֫לְנָא Ezra 5:9; Ezra 5:10 Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יִשְׁאֲלֶנְכוֺ Ezra 7:21 Participle active שָׁאֵל Dan 2:11; Dan 2:27 —

1. ask for, request, accusative of thing Dan 2:10 (ל person), vDan 2:11 vDan 2:27; Ezra 7:21 (suffix person).

2. inquire about, for, accusative of thing Ezra 5:9 (ל person); followed by oratio recta [direct speech] vEzra 5:10 (id.).

asked, ask, inquired, inquire, lent, …

šāʾal

to inquire; by implication, to request; by extension, to demand

to ask, enquire, borrow, beg

(Qal)

to ask, ask for

to enquire, enquire carefully

to be given on request

מֵ ֽעִמּֽ וֹ

מֵ

Prefix — preposition from, out of

ֽעִמּֽ

Preposition with, from, against, unto, by, …

וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: עִם · im

Preposition

In the KJV here: of him

with ×495 and with ×49 with thee ×37 with him ×33 from ×31 against ×29 unto ×28 by ×16

More options

with — Default choice; marks accompaniment or association.

alongside — Emphasizes proximity or side-by-side relationship.

together with — Stresses joint participation or inclusion.

among — Use when referencing a group or collective setting.

against — Use when the context implies opposition or conflict.

in the company of — More formal; highlights personal presence or fellowship.

BDB6145 H5973 H5978

עִם preposition with (Aramaic עִם, , Sabean עם DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. 12} Hom^{Chrest. 51}; compare Arabic (but see Prät^{BAS. i. 26})), suffix עִמִּי₄₆ and עִמָּדִי₄₅ (probably akin to Arabic side, beside: compare √ ענד), without difference of meaning (עמי in Pentateuch Gen 31:31; Gen 39:7; Gen 39:12; Gen 39:14; Exod 33:12; Lev 26:21; Lev 26:23; Lev 26:27; Lev 26:40 [H] Num 22:19 Joshua-Kings 13 t.; Ps 42:9; Ps 86:17; Job 10:17; Ruth 1:11; Esth 7:8 in Dan 7 t.; Ezra, Nehemiah, Chronicles 11 t.: עמדי in Pentateuch Genesis [J E] 14 t., Exod 17:2; Lev 25:23; Deut 5:28; Deut 32:34; Deut 32:39 Judges Samuel 7 t.; Ps 23:4; Ps 50:11; Ps 55:19; Ps 101:6; Job 14 t., Ruth 1:8); עִמְּךָ, עִמְּכָה 1Sam 1:26, עִמָּ֑ךְ; עִמּוֺ, עִמָּהּ; עִמָּ֫נוּ; עִמָּכֶם; עִמָּם₂₇ (Gen 18:16, etc.: Genesis-Kings 20 t.; Neh 13:25 not Ezra, Chronicles), and עִמָּהֶם₂₃ (chiefly late: Num 22:12; Deut 29:16 (24 עמם), Jonah 1:3; Job 1:4, and 19 t. Nehemiah Ezra Chronicles): —

1. of fellowship and companionship (Latin cum), as Gen 13:1 ולוט עמו and Lot with him, Gen 18:16; Gen 19:30; Gen 24:54 הוא והאנשׁים אשׁר עמו, וכל ישׂראל עמו Josh 7:24 al.; + often peculiar to Chronicles, Ezra are clauses introduced by ועמהם ֗֗֗ 1Chr 12:34; 1Chr 13:2; 1Chr 15:8 +, Ezra 8:13; Ezra 8:14 (Aramaic Ezra 5:2) +; so ועמו ֗֗֗ 1Chr 12:28; 2Chr 17:14-18; 2Chr 26:17; Ezra 8:3-12; Ezra 8:33. Coupling substantives, together with, chiefly in poetry: Deut 12:23 לא תאכל הנפשׁ עם הבשׂר, Josh 11:21; Judg 16:3; Eccl 7:11; 2Sam 1:24 שָׁנִי עִם עֲדָנִים, Deut 32:14 עִם חֵלֶב כרים, vDeut 32:14 vDeut 32:24 vDeut 32:25; Amos 4:10; Isa 25:11; Isa 34:7; Jer 6:11; Jer 51:40; Nah 3:12; Ps 66:15 אעשׂה בקר עם עתודים, Ps 81:3; Ps 83:8; Ps 87:4; Ps 89:14; Ps 104:25 +, Song 1:11; Song 4:13 (twice in verse) כפרים עם נרדים, vSong 4:14 vSong 4:14; Song 5:1 (3 t. in verse). Unusually, Esth 9:25 אמר עם הספר he ordered in conjunction with writing, in a written order. Poetic or late uses: Ps 42:9 ובלילה שִׁירֹה עמי, Ps 89:22 אשׁר יָדִי תִּכּוֺן עמו, vPs 89:25 in Job of the companionship of sufferings or prosperity, Job 6:4 תִצֵּי שַׁדַּי עמדי, Job 17:2 אם לא הֲתֻלִים עמדי, Job 29:6 וְצוּר יָצוּק עִמדי פלגי שׁמן, vJob 29:20 כבודי חָדָשׁ עמדי, 2Chr 14:5 ואין עמו מלחמה, 2Chr 16:19 ישׁ עמך מלחמות, 2Chr 28:10 עִמָּכֶם אֲשָׁמוֺת. Hence, in particular a. of aid, Exod 23:5; Deut 22:4; 1Chr 12:19 especially of God, Gen 21:22 אלהים עמך, Gen 26:3 ואהיה עמך, vGen 26:33; Gen 31:3; Gen 31:5; Exod 3:12; Josh 1:5; Isa 8:10 כי עמנו אל Ps 23:4; Ps 46:8; Ps 46:12; Job 29:5 + often (compare אֵת, Gen 39:2; Gen 39:3; Gen 39:21; Gen 39:23; Isa 43:5 +): so הִתְחַזַּק עם 1Chr 11:10; 2Chr 16:9; Dan 10:21, עָזַר עם 1Chr 12:21, כי גם ידם עם דוד 1Sam 22:17; 2Sam 3:12; 1Chr 4:10 (compare Exod 23:1, and II. אֵת 1 a). With the help of (= Greek σύν), 1Sam 14:45 כי עם אלהים עשׂה היום הזה, Dan 11:39 (rare).
b. Of actions done jointly with another, as ירשׁ עם inherit with, Gen 21:10, כרת ברית עם Gen 26:28 + often, חָלַק (חִלֵּק) עם to share with Josh 22:8; Isa 53:12 +; compare Deut 10:9 חֵלֶק וְנַחֲלָה עִם אֶחָיו, Deut 18:1.
c. If the common action be of the nature of a contest or combat, עִם is with in the sense of against: so often with נִלְחַם to fight, נִשְׁפַּט to dispute, נֶאֱבַק to wrestle, רִיב to strive (see these verbs), Gen 26:20; Gen 30:8; Gen 32:29 בּא בְּמִשְׁפָּט עם to enter into judgment with Isa 3:14 +, Job 14:3 (הֵבִיא), עִם ׳רִיב לי Hos 4:1 +; hence, without a verb expressing the idea explicitly, Ps 94:16 מי יקום לי עִם מְרֵעִים in the struggle with evil-doers ? v^b Ps 55:19 כי בְרַבִּים היו עמדי for as many are they in combat with me, Job 9:14 אֶבְחֲרָה דְבָרַי עמו in the contest with him, Job 10:17b; Job 16:21 perhaps צָדַק עִם Job 9:2; Job 25:4 (compare 4 b end).
d. Of dealing with a person, or of the relation in which one stands with, or towards, another: as עשׂה חסד עם to do kindness with Gen 24:12 + often (in 1 person observe that in this phrase עמדי, not עמי, is regul. used, Gen 19:19; Gen 20:13; Gen 40:14; 1Sam 20:14; 2Sam 10:2 [|| 1Chr 19:2 עמי: here only], al.), עשׂה טוב עם Gen 26:29 +, see also Gen 20:9; Gen 31:29; Deut 33:21; Judg 15:3; Job 10:12; Job 13:20; Job 42:8; Ps 86:17 (compare אִתְּכֶם Deut 1:30; Deut 10:21 and Aramaic Dan 3:32), Ps 119:124; Ps 126:2 (1Sam 12:24), Job 33:29 הֵיטִיד עם Gen 32:10; Gen 32:13 +, הֵרַע עִם Gen 31:7 רָצָה עם be well pleased with Ps 50:18; Job 34:9 דִּבֶּר עם to speak with (subject usually God) Exod 19:9 + (see דִּבֶּר 3 e), hence דָּבָר עִם Judg 18:7; Judg 18:28; 2Sam 3:17; 1Kgs 1:7; Job 15:11 דָּבָר לָאַט עמך a word (spoken) gently with thee, compare Job 11:5 ויפתח שׂפתיו עמך; יֵאָמֵן עם 2Chr 1:9: and with adjectives תמים עם perfect with (i.e. toward) Deut 18:13; Ps 18:24, שָׁלֵם עם 1Kgs 8:61 +; compare וְלִבָּם לֹא נָכוֺן עִמּוֺ Ps 78:37, 2Sam 21:4; 2Sam 23:5; 1Kgs 3:6 (עמך), Mic 6:8 הַצְנֵעַ לֶכֶת עִם אֱלֱהָיו, Ps 73:22 toward thee, 1Chr 19:6; Hos 12:1 (?); also הָלַךְ קְרִי עִם Lev 26:21ff. (7 t.), מַמְרִים הֱיִיתֶם עם Deut 9:7; Deut 9:24; Deut 31:27; 2Chr 16:10; 2Chr 26:19; Ps 85:5; Job 10:17 a.
e. Of a common lot, Gen 18:23 האף תספה צדיק עם רשׁע together with the wicked, vGen 18:25; Job 3:14; Job 3:15; Isa 38:11; Ps 26:9 אל תאסף עם חטּאים נפשׁי, v^b Ps 28:3 (twice in verse), Ps 69:29; Job 30:1; 1Chr 24:5 hence like, Ps 73:5 ועם אדם לא יְנֻנָּ֑עוּ with (i.e. like) men (in general), Ps 106:6 חטאנו עם אבותינו, Eccl 2:16 ואיך ימות הֶחָכָם עם הכסיל i.e. like the fool. feminine Of equality or resemblance generally (poetry), Job 9:26 חָֽלְפוּ עִם אֳנִיּוֺת אֵבֶה they pass by with, i.e. as swiftly as, skiffs of reed, Job 37:18 תרקיע עמו שׁחקים i.e. like him, Job 40:15 אשׁר עשׂיתי עמך; so נִמְשַׁל עִם Ps 28:1; Ps 143:7, נֶחְשַׁב עִם Ps 88:5.
g. Of time, = as long as, Ps 72:5 יִירָאוּךָ עם שׁמשׁ as long as the sun endureth (compare Aramaic Dan 3:33; Dan 4:31 also see Amos. i. 15, 16 cum sole et luna semper Aratus erit); at the time of (?) 2Chr 21:19 (but read perhaps מֵחָלְיוֺ); and with infinitive (late), Ezra 1:11 עִם הֵעָלוֺת הַגּוֺלָה (compare ἅμα τῷ followed by infinitive Judg 3:21; Judg 9:33 also עִם Eccl 40:14).

2. Of a locality, close to, beside: Gen 25:11 וישׁב יצחק עם נאר לחי ראי beside the well of, etc., Gen 35:4 תַּחַת הָאֵלָה אשׁר עם שׁכם (so, after אשׁר, Josh 7:2; Judg 9:6; Judg 18:22; 2Sam 13:23), Josh 19:46 (?), Judg 18:3 הֵמָּה עִם בֵּית מִיכָה (so Judg 19:11; 2Sam 20:8), 1Sam 10:2; 2Sam 6:7 וַיָּ֫מָת ׳שָׁם עִם אֲרוֺן הא, 2Sam 19:38; 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 1:9; 1Chr 13:14 by the house of O., in its own house (see Be), 1Chr 21:15 (2Sam 24:16), 2Sam 26:16 (compare אֵת

2.). By a person, Deut 5:28 וְאַתָּה עֲמֹד פֹּה עמדי by me, 1Sam 1:26 הַנִּצֶּבֶת עִמְּכָה +; of one living near another, Exod 22:24; Lev 25:35; Lev 25:36; Lev 25:39; Lev 25:47.

3. Of persons, עִם is specifically
a. in the house or family or service of (apud, chez): Gen 23:4 גֵּר וְתוֺשָׁב עמך (figurative of ׳י Lev 25:23; Ps 39:13), Gen 27:44; Gen 29:14 וַיֵשֶׁב עִמּוֺ, vGen 29:25 עבדתי עמך I have served with thee (so vGen 29:30, compare Deut 15:16), Gen 31:38; Lev 25:6; Lev 25:40 (twice in verse); Lev 25:50; Lev 25:53; Deut 22:2; Deut 23:17; Judg 17:10; 2Sam 19:34; 1Kgs 11:22 compare 1Sam 2:21 ׳עם י i.e. at his sanctuary.
b. In the possession of (Latin penes): Gen 24:25 straw, etc., is עִמָּנוּ, Gen 31:32; Deut 17:19 והיתה עמו with him, at his side, Deut 29:16; Job 28:14 וְיָם אָמַר אֵין עִמָּדִי; = stored up with, Deut 32:34 כָּמֻס עִמָּדִי Job 27:13 (but read here probably מֵאֵל; compare Job 20:29); of ethical or mental attributes, 1Sam 25:25 וּנְבָלָה עִמּוֺ, Job 12:13 עִמּוֺ חָנְמָה וּגְבוּרָה, vJob 12:16; Job 25:2; Ps 130:7; 2Chr 19:3; 2Chr 19:7. compare figurative Ps 36:10 כי עמך מְקוֺר חַיִּים.
c. In the custody or care of, 1Sam 9:23 שִׂים אֹתָהּ עִמָּ֑ךְ; 1Sam 22:23 כִּי מִשְׁמֶרֶת אַתָּה עִמָּדִי: compare Job 17:3 עָרְבֵנִי עִמָּ֑ךְ be surety for me with thyself.
d. Beside = except, Deut 32:39 אֵין אלהים עִמָּדִי, Ps 73:25 ועמך לא חפצתי בארץ and beside thee I delight not (in aught that is) upon earth (al. in comparison of thee, 1 f), 2Chr 14:10 וְאֵין עִמְּךָ לַעֲזֹר there is none beside thee to help, 2Chr 20:6 perhaps Hos 9:8 (Hi Ke; but very dubious, see Commentaries). compare אֵת 1 b.
e. With = friendly with, Gen 31:2 כי איננו עמי (synonym vGen 31:5 אֶל towards), 2Kgs 10:15 לְבָבִי עִם לְבָֽבְךָ, Prov 23:7 וְלִבּוֺ בַל עִמָּ֑ךְ.

4. Idiomatic of a thought or purpose present with one: —
a. ׳עִם לְבַב פ, especially in Deuteronomy and the later Deuteronomic style, Deut 8:5 וְיָדַעְתָּ עִם לְבָבְךָ thou shalt know with thy heart, Deut 15:9 פן יהיה דבר עם לבבך בליעל a wicked thought with thy heart, Josh 14:7 I brought back word כָאשׁר עם לבבי ׳היה עם לְבַב פ, especially of a purpose, 1Kgs 8:17 ויהי עם ׳לבב דוד לִבְנוֺת וגו i.e. it was David's purpose to build, etc., v1Kgs 8:18 v1Kgs 8:18; 1Kgs 10:2 (= 2Chr 6:7; 2Chr 6:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 9:1), 1Chr 22:7; 1Chr 28:2 (both based on 1Kgs 8:17, etc.), 2Chr 1:11; 2Chr 24:4; 2Chr 29:10 rather differently, to muse or talk with one's heart, Ps 77:7; Eccl 1:16.
b. עִם alone, = in one's consciousness, whether of knowledge or memory or purpose (compare אֵת 3 b; W^{AG ii. § 66}): Num 14:24 עֵקֶב הָֽיְתָה רוּחַ אַחֶרֶת עִמּוֺ i.e. operating in his mind, 1Kgs 11:11 יען אשׁר היתה זאת עמך, 1Chr 28:12 the pattern of all אשׁר היה בָרוּחַ עמו that was in spirit (i.e. mentally) with him, Ps 50:11 וְזִיז שָׂדַי עִמָּדִי is with me (i.e. is known to me; || ידעתי), probably also Ps 73:23; Ps 139:18 (= in thy thought and care); Job 9:35 לא כן אנכי עמדי not so am I with myself (my consciousness — or conscience — does not tell me that I need dread him), Job 10:13 ידעתי כי זאת עמך i.e. that this was thy purpose (|| אֵלֶּה צָפַנְתָּ בִּלְבָבֶ֑ךָ), Job 15:9 ולא עמנו הוא and is not with us (= in our knowledge; || וְלֹא נֵדָ֑ע), Job 23:10 כי ידע דרך עמדי the way of which I am conscious (De; Ew Di the way attending me, my usual way), vJob 23:14 וְכָהֵנָּה רַבּוֺת עמו i.e. he has many such purposes, Job 27:11 אֲשֶׁד עִם שַׁדָּי לֹא אֲכַחֵד i.e. his purposes or principles of action. Also sometimes in the judgment or estimation of, 1Sam 2:26 טוֺב עִם, 2Sam 6:22 נִכְבַּד עִם, perhaps צָדַק עִם Job 9:2; Job 25:4 (Ges Bu; but Ew as 1 c, Hi De beside, in comparison of).

5. Metaph. together with = in spite of, notwithstanding Neh 5:18 וְעִם זֶה (compare W^{AG ii. § 57}; in Hebrew בְּ is the more usual synonym). — In 1Sam 16:12 אַדְמֹנִי עִם יְפֵה עֵינַיִם (compare 1Sam 17:42 עִם יְפֵה מַרְאֶה), if text correct, יפה must be a neuter substantive, with beauty of eyes; but read probably (Gr Bu) עֶלֶם a youth (1Sam 17:56; 1Sam 20:22) for עם (see HPS; Che^{Expos. T. x. 521} אַדְמֹנִי עֶצֶם, compare Lam 4:7). מֵעִם₇₂ from with or beside (= παρὰ with a genitive: compare מֵאֵת): hence
a. after verbs of departing, taking, removing, etc., Gen 13:14 אַחֲרֵי הִפָּרֶדֿ לוֺט מֵעִמּוֺ, Gen 26:16 לֵךְ מֵעִמָּנוּ, 1Sam 10:2; 1Sam 10:9; 1Sam 14:17 מי הלך מעמנו, 2Sam 1:2; 1Sam 16:14 סרה מעם שׁאול ׳ורוח י, 1Sam 18:12; 2Kgs 2:9 בטרם אֶלָּקַח מעמך; 2Sam 15:28 עַד בּוֺא דָבָר מֵעִמָּכֶם; of heart turning ׳מעם י Deut 29:17; 1Kgs 11:9 after שׁאל to ask, Exod 22:13; Deut 10:12 ׳מה י שֹׁאֵל מֵעִמָּ֑ךְ, 1Sam 1:17; 1Sam 20:28 (Niph`al), Isa 7:11 +; דרשׁ to require, Deut 18:19; Deut 23:22, 1Kgs 14:5 (to inquire); יצא מֵעִם פרעה from (being) with Phoenician Exod 8:8; Exod 8:25; Exod 8:26; Exod 9:33 +: compare 2Sam 3:26; 1Sam 18:13 ויסירהו שׁאול מעמו; and מַעִם פְּנֵי Gen 44:29; Job 1:12. Sq. a word denoting a place, Gen 48:12 וַיּוֺצֵא יוֺסֵָף אֹתָם מֵעִם בִּרְכָּיו, Exod 21:14 מֵעִם מִזְבְּחִי (compare 1Sam 2:33), Judg 9:37 מֵעִם טַבּוּר הארץ, 1Sam 20:34 מֵעִם הַשֻּׁלְחָן; Job 28:4 מֵעִם גָּר away from, far from (si vera lectio).
b. Gen 24:27 אשׁר לא עזב חסדו מעם אֲדֹנִי (compare with הכרית 1Sam 20:15, הסיר 2Sam 7:15; 1Chr 17:13 (|| 2Sam 7:15 מן), הפיר Ps 89:34); Ruth 4:10 לאֹיִֿכָּרֵת שֵׁם מֵעִם.
c. From the possession, or custody, of (compare עִם 3 b, c): so with גזל Gen 31:31, ערב to take in pledge Gen 44:32, גנב Exod 22:11, יצא (subject a slave; compare עם 3 a) Lev 25:41; Deut 15:16 (compare with שִׁלַּח חָפְשִׁי Deut 15:12; Deut 15:13; Deut 15:18; Jer 34:14, הִנָּצֵל Deut 23:16), לקח 2Sam 3:15, קנה 2Sam 24:21.
d. Expressing origination or authorship: 1Sam 20:7 כִּי כָֽלְתָה הָרָעָה מֵעִמּוֺ, v1Sam 20:9 v1Sam 20:33 (compare מֵאֵת Esth 7:17); especially of ׳י (compare מֵאֵת c), Gen 41:32 ׳נָכוֺן הַדָּבָר מֵעִם הא is established from, on the part of, God, 1Kgs 2:33 ׳שׁלום ֗֗֗ מעם י, 1Kgs 12:15 (2Chr 10:15) כִי הָֽיְתָה סִבָּה ׳מעם י, Isa 8:18 signs and portents ׳מעם י, Isa 28:29 יצאה ׳גם זאת מעם י, Isa 29:6; Ps 121:2 ׳עֶזְרִי מעם י Ruth 2:12. And of a judgment proceeding from any one: 2Sam 3:28 ׳נקי מעם י = pronounced guiltness by ׳י, Job 34:33 הֲמֵעִמְּךָ at thy judgment shall he requite ? (compare מִן 2 d end).

BDB6146 H6005 H410 H5973

עִמָּנוּאֵל proper name, masculine Immanuel (with us is God); — ׳י Isa 7:14 van d. H. Baer; עִמָּנוּ אֵל Gi; — name of child, symbolizing presence of ׳י to deliver his people (on interpret. see Commentaries) — עִמָּנוּ אֵל Isa 8:8; Isa 8:10 is declaration of trust and confidence, with us is God ! (compare Ps 46:8; Ps 46:12); see עִם.

BDB9777 H5973 H5974

עִם₂₂ preposition with (Biblical Hebrew עִם: so ᵑ7 Syriac () and general Aramaic); — suffix עִמִּי Dan 3:32, עִמָּךְ Ezra 7:13, עִמֵהּ Dan 2:22, עִמְּהוֺן Ezra 5:2 —

1. a. together with, Dan 2:18; Dan 2:43; Dan 7:13 עִםעֲֿנָנֵי שְׁמַיָּא, Ezra 5:2 +; whose dwelling, portion, etc., is with Dan 2:11; Dan 2:22; Dan 4:12; Dan 5:21.
b. to speak with Dan 6:22, to make war with Dan 7:21 to do with ( = towards) Dan 3:32 דִּי עֲבַד עִמִּי (compare Ps 86:17), compare Ezra 6:8 שַׁוִּי עִם to make like to Dan 6:21.

2. of time, Dan 3:33 = Dan 4:31 עִםדָּֿר וְדָר (co-exists) with all generations (compare Biblical Hebrew 1 g); Dan 7:2 עִםלֵֿילְיָא during the night.

with, from, against, unto, by, …

ʿim

adverb or preposition, with (i.e., in conjunction with), in varied applications; specifically, equally with; often with prepositional prefix (and then usually unrepresented in English)

with

with

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Grammar C/Vqw3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6030

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Grammar Np

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5941

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Grammar C/Vqw3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H559

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Grammar Vqv2fs

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1980

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Grammar R/Ncmsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7965

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Grammar C/Ncmpc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H430

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Grammar Np

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3478

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Grammar Vqi3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5414

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Grammar To

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

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Grammar Ncfsc/Sp2fs

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7596

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Grammar Tr

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H834

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Grammar Vqp2fs

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7592

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