2 Chronicles 3:9

וּמִשְׁקָ֛ל לְמִסְמְר֥וֹת לִשְׁקָלִ֖ים חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים זָהָ֑ב וְהָֽעֲלִיּ֖וֹת חִפָּ֥ה זָהָֽב
And the weight of the nails was fifty shekels of gold. And he overlaid the upper chambers with gold.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וּ מִשְׁקָ֛ל
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
מִשְׁקָ֛ל
Root word weight, weigh
Dictionary form: מִשְׁקָל · mish-KAWL

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: and the weight
the weight ×15 by weight ×7 weight ×5 and the weight ×3 of the weight ×3 and by weight ×2 in weight ×2 now the weight ×2
More options
weight — Most versatile; suits nearly every context.
measure — Prefer when emphasis is on assessed quantity.
mass — Technical/scientific register; good for precise amounts.
weighed amount — Highlights the act of weighing; good for tallied totals.
load — Emphasizes physical heaviness or burden carried.

BDB9011 H4948

BDB9010 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9012

מִשְׁקָל noun masculine id.;; — absolute׳מ 1Kgs 25:16+; construct מִשְׁקַל Judg 8:26+; suffix מִשְׁקָלוֺ Gen 24:22+, etc.; — weight Gen 24:22 (twice in verse)(J), Josh 7:21 (JE), Judg 8:26; 1Sam 17:5; 2Sam 12:30; 2Sam 21:16a (2Sam 21:16b read שֶׁקֶל with ᵐ5.[see especially ᵐ5L] We Dr and modern), 1Kgs 7:47; 1Kgs 10:14; Num 7:13 + 11t. Num 7 (P), 7 t. Chronicles; of wind Job 28:25 בְּמִשְׁקָלוֺ Gen 43:21(J) in its (full) weight t, compare ׳מאֹזְנֵי מ Ezek 5:1 ׳בַּמּ by weight Lev 26:26; 1Chr 28:14 a. 1Chr 28:18 ׳בְּמ id. Ezek 4:16 (of bread), Ezra 8:34; 1Chr 28:14b; 1Chr 28:15 (twice in verse); 1Chr 28:17 (twice in verse); ׳בַּמּ Lev 19:35 in respect to weight, compare ׳מ 1Chr 28:16 as to weight, in weight; ׳לֹאהָֿיָה מ (i.e. there was too much to be weighed) 2Kgs 25:16 = Jer 52:20,׳אֵתן מ 1Chr 22:3; 1Chr 22:14.

weight, weigh
mišqāl
weight (numerically estimated); hence, weighing (the act)
  • heaviness, weight

לְ מִסְמְר֥וֹת
לְ
Prefix — preposition to, for
מִסְמְר֥וֹת
Root word nails
Dictionary form: מַסְמֵר · mahs-MARE

Noun — Common, both plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: of the nails
it with nails ×2 for the nails ×1 of the nails ×1
More options
nail — Standard, clear term for a metal fastening spike.
spike — Emphasizes size or weight; good for large construction nails.
pin — Suits smaller or decorative fasteners in craft contexts.
fastener — Functional, generic; useful when material is ambiguous.

BDB5640 H4548 H4930

BDB5639 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5641

[מַסְמֵר] noun masculineEccl 12:11 nail (connection with above √ dubious; ᵑ7 מַסְמְרָא, ChrPalAramaic Schw63. 122; Late Hebrew verb סמר nail on or up; Arabic is perhaps loan-word Frä89); — plural absolute מַסְמְרִים Isa 41:7, מִסְמְרִים 1Chr 22:3 (of iron; on ִ֯ see Ges«GKC:85f»§ 85f.); also מַסְמְרוֺת Jer 10:4 (+ מַקָּבוֺת), מַשְׂמְרוֺת נְטוּעִים, Eccl 12:11(simile; + דָּרְבֹנוֺת), and מִסְמְרוֺת 2Chr 3:9 (of gold).

BDB8269 H4548

BDB8268 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8270

[מַשְׂמֵר], מַשְׂמְרוֺת, Eccl 12:14, see [ מַסְמֵר].

nails
masmēr
a peg (as bristling from the surface)
  • nail

לִ שְׁקָלִ֖ים
לִ
Prefix — preposition to, for
שְׁקָלִ֖ים
Root word shekels, shekel
Dictionary form: שֶׁקֶל · sheh-KEL

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: shekels
shekels ×45 after the shekel ×21 a shekel ×4 for a shekel ×4 shekels after the shekel ×3 and the shekel ×2 of a shekel ×2 according to the shekel ×1
More options
shekel — Standard modern rendering; best for most contexts.
silver shekel — Clarifies the metal when context is monetary exchange.
unit of weight — Use when the shekel functions as a measure, not currency.
coin — Accessible for general audiences; risks anachronism.
standard weight — Highlights the shekel's role as a regulated measure.
monetary unit — Neutral, modern; good in economic or legal passages.

BDB10013 H8255 H8625 H4484

BDB10012 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB10014

תְּקֵל noun [masculine] shekel (see Biblical Hebrew שֶׁקֶל; ᵑ7 תִּקְלָא); — absolute ׳ת Dan 5:25; Dan 5:27 see מְנֵא and references

BDB9009 H8255

BDB9008 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9010

שֶׁ֫קֶל87 noun masculineLev 27:6 a weight, shekel (originally = weight; late Hebrew = coin GACookeInscr. 356); — absolute ׳שׁ Amos 8:5 +, שָׁ֑קֶל Exod 38:29 +; plural שְׁקָלִים Josh 7:21 +; construct שִׁקְלֵי 1Chr 21:25 — shekel, as standard weight Amos 8:5 of weight of bronze armour 1Sam 17:5, iron spear-head v1Sam 17:7, +2Sam 21:16b (see מִשְׁקָל), hair 2Sam 14:26, food Ezek 4:10 implying value, of wedge of gold Josh 7:21 (JE); of nails in temple (gold) 2Chr 3:9 usually a definite weight of silver (used in payment. or valuation) Exod 21:32 (E), Josh 7:21 (JE), 1Sam 9:8; 2Sam 24:24; 2Kgs 7:1 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 7:16 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 7:18 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 15:20; Jer 32:9; Ezek 45:12 (twice in verse) (see infra), and ( = coin, from time of Darius I) Neh 5:15; Neh 10:33; Lev 5:15; Lev 27:3; Lev 27:4; Lev 27:5 (twice in verse) (all P), +53 t. P; also ׳מַחֲצִית הַשּׁ Exod 30:13 (twice in verse); Exod 30:15; Exod 38:26 (= בֶּקַל), all half-shekel, atonement-money; compare ׳שְׁלִישִׁית הַשּׁ Neh 10:33 one-third; also ׳רֶבַע שׁ 1Sam 9:8 one-fourth if shekel; ׳שׁ = 20 גֵּרָה (׳ג otherwise unknown) Ezek 45:12; Exod 30:13; Lev 27:25; Num 3:47 50 ׳שׁ = one maneh Ezek 45:12 (read וַחֲמִשִּׁים for וחמשׁה [and עֶשְׂרֵה for עֲשָׂרָה preceding], ᵐ5A Boeckh Hi-Sm Co Toy Da Krae Berthol); הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳שׁ Exod 30:13; Exod 30:24; Lev 5:15; Num 3:47; Num 3:50; Num 7:13 + 21 t. P; land estimated in ׳שׁ of gold 1Chr 21:25 ׳שׂ also often omitted after number — ׳שׁ was of two standards, one one-half the other; actual weights (and values) varied, but most persistent were: (1) gold, 252 2/3 grams Troy (or 126 1/3), modern equivalent approximately £2 1 S., or $10; (2) silver, 224 1/2 grams (nearly 1/2 ounce) = הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳שׁ (see above), or 112 1/4, modern equivalent approximately 2s. 9d., or 67 with; בְּאֶבֶן הַמֶּלֶךְ ׳שׁ 2Sam 14:26 is dubious; if late (Bu HPS Löhr Now) it probably reference to a Babylonian or Persian scale (compare S-Cpap באבני מלכא often); 60 (or 50) ׳שׁ = 1 mina, 60 minas= 1 talent(see מָנֶה ,כִּכָּר). See especially ARSKHast. DB WEIGHTS AND MEASURES,and MONEY.

shekels, shekel
šeqel
probably a weight; used as a commercial standard
  • shekel
    • the chief unit of weight or measure
      • gold (1/10000 of a talent and equal to 220 grains)
        • "silver (1/3000 of a talent and equal to 132 grains)"copper (1/1500 of a talent and equal to 528 grains)

חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים
חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים
Root word fifty, fifties, fiftieth, where
Dictionary form: חֲמִשִּׁים · huh-mish-SHEEM

Adjective — Cardinal Number, both plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"; a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: was fifty
fifty ×55 and fifty ×45 of fifty ×10 was fifty ×5 were fifty ×5 thereof was fifty ×3 with his fifty ×3 him and his fifty ×2
More options
fifty — Standard cardinal number; suits most contexts.
fiftieth — Ordinal use; for ranking or sequential position.
group of fifty — When referring to a unit or squad of fifty people.
fifty-strong — Emphasizes a contingent or force of fifty.

BDB2903 H2572

BDB2902 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2904

חֲמִשִּׁים164 noun plural (a) fifty (Arabic Aramaic , Phoenician חמשם; MI28 חמשן; Assyrian —amšâti Di in LotzTP 80) — חֲמִשִּׁים Gen 6:15 + 154 t. (including Ezek 40:25; Ezek 40:29; Ezek 40:33, strike out Co) + Ezek 45:12 (so read A Hi Co for חמּשׁה); suffix חֲמִשֶּׁיךָ 2Kgs 1:10; 2Kgs 1:12, חֲמִשָּׁיו 2Kgs 1:9 + 4 t., חֲמִשֵּׁיהֶם 2Kgs 1:14 —

1. absolute
  a. a fifty, a company of fifty Exod 18:21; Exod 18:25; Deut 1:15; 1Sam 8:12; 2Kgs 1:9 (twice in verse) + 13 t. 2Kgs 1 (in v2Kgs 1:14 = fifties), Isa 3:3.
  b. elsewhere, without noun expressed, (1) without other numeral Num 31:30; Num 31:47; Ezek 27:18 (twice in verse); Hag 2:16 (2) with other number ׳ח preceding Exod 30:23 (twice in verse) + 11 t.; + 1Chr 12:34 Baer, van d. H. v.1Chr 12:33 (followed by אלף); (3) ׳ח following Exod 38:26 + 10 t.; (4) ׳ח between other number Num 1:23 + 23 t.
2. חֲמִשִּׁים without other number:
  a. before noun Gen 6:15 + 58 t. + בָּאַמָּה ׳ח Exod 38:12.
  b. after noun 2Sam 24:24; Exod 26:11 + 4 t. Chronicles
3. ׳ח before other numbers:
  a. followed by noun Gen 7:24 +.
  b. preceded by noun 1Chr 5:21.
4. ׳ח after other number, and
  a. this after noun 1Chr 8:40; Ezra 8:3; Ezra 8:26.
  b. noun repeated e.g. Gen 9:28; Gen 9:29.
5. ׳ח preceded by construct e.g. שָׁנָה ׳בִּשְׁנַת ח 2Kgs 15:23; 2Kgs 15:27; Lev 15:10; Lev 15:11.
6. ׳ח = ordinal, fiftieth Lev 25:10; Lev 25:11; 2Kgs 15:23, compare v2Kgs 15:27.

fifty, fifties, fiftieth, where
ḥămiššîm
fifty
  • fifty
    • fifty (cardinal number)
      • "a multiple of fifty (with other numbers)"fiftieth (ordinal number)

זָהָ֑ב
זָהָ֑ב
Root word gold, golden, weather
Dictionary form: זָהָב · dzaw-HAWB

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of gold
of gold ×117 gold ×69 and gold ×29 and the gold ×15 with gold ×15 golden ×14 the gold ×13 the golden ×11
More options
gold — Default choice; works as noun in most contexts.
golden — Use as adjective when modifying a noun.
made of gold — Clarifies material when construction is ambiguous.
gold plating — Use when context implies a surface coating or overlay.
pure gold — Emphasizes quality or purity in cultic/royal contexts.

BDB2294 H2091

BDB2293 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2295

זָהָב385noun masculineGen 2:12 gold (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic Sabean דֿהב e.g. Os29 DHMZMG 1883, 338; Aramaic דְּהַב, , Palmyrene דהבא VogNo. 23) — ׳ז absolute Gen 2:11 + 364 t.; construct Gen 2:12 + 6 t.; suffix זְהָבִי 1Kgs 20:7 + 2 t.; זְהָֽבְךָ 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 זְהָבֶ֑ךָ Isa 30:22 זְהָבוֺ Isa 2:20; Isa 31:7 זְהָבָם Hos 8:4 + 4 t.; — gold,

1. = gold-ore, gold in a raw state, Gen 2:11; Gen 2:12; Jer 10:9; Prov 17:3; Prov 27:21; Job 28:1 +; perhaps also 1Kgs 9:28; 1Kgs 10:11; 1Kgs 22:49 etc.; compare ׳עַפְרֹת ז Job 28:6 gold-dust; see also Zech 13:9 (simile of tried people ׳י) and compare Mal 3:3 likewise Job 23:10 (simile of Job's purity, as shewn by divine tests); מִצָּפוֺן זָהָב Job 37:22 is dubious
**read perhaps זֹהַר Du and Dr; Ew De and others out of the North comes gold; others, however, golden light, brightness, of sun after clouds dispersed by north wind, ᵐ5 Rabb Da and others; or golden splendour of God coming from north BöÄ 76 Hi and others; Siegf conjecture יהוה for זהב
2. gold as wealth Gen 13:2 (J; + מִקְנֶה, כֶּסֶף) Gen 24:34 (J; + צאֹן, בָּקָר, כֶּסֶף, עֲבָדִם, שְׁפָחֹת, גְּמַלִּים, חֲמֹרִים) compare Hos 2:8; Isa 2:7; Deut 8:13; Deut 17:17; Job 3:15; Job 31:24; Zech 14:14; Ezra 1:4; Ezra 1:6 +; in general, as precious: נִבְחָר שֵׁם מֵעשֶׁר רָ֑ב מִכֶּסֶף וּמִזָּהָב חֵן טוֺב Prov 22:1 to be chosen is a name more than great riches, and good favour more than silver and than gold; Job 28:17 (of wisdom) gold and glass do not equal it; Ps 19:10 (ordinances of ׳י) which are more to be desired than gold; compare Ps 119:72; Ps 119:127; also metaphor of princes and chief men of Zion Lam 4:1 (compare vLam 4:2).
3. gold as spoil of war Josh 6:19 (+ כֶּסֶף, כְּלֵינְֿחשֶׁת, בַּרְזֶל) so vJosh 6:24, compare Josh 7:21; Josh 7:24; Josh 22:8; 2Kgs 7:8 +.
4. gold as merchandise Ezek 27:22 (+ אֶבֶן יְקָרָה, ראֹשׁ כָּלבּֿשֶֹׁם), compare also gold from Ophir 1Kgs 9:28 etc. (see below 7 below)
5. gold as costly gift: to a prophet ׳מְלֹא בֵּיתוֺ כֶּסֶף וְז (hypothet.), Num 22:18; Num 24:13 (both E); brought by queen of Sheba to Solomon 1Kgs 10:2; 1Kgs 10:10 (both + אֶבֶן יְקָרָה and בְּשָׂמִים) = 2Chr 9:1; 2Chr 9:9 as tribute 2Kgs 23:35 (twice in verse) (compare v2Kgs 23:33 all + כֶּסֶף); as satisfaction for murder 2Sam 21:4 (+ כֶּסֶף).
6. gold as material: of (nose- or ear-) ring, נֶזֶם Gen 24:22; Exod 32:2; Exod 32:3; Judg 8:24; Judg 8:25; Prov 11:22; Prov 25:12; Job 42:11 of chain Gen 41:42, shields 2Sam 8:7, images of emerods 1Sam 6:4; 1Sam 6:17 and mice v1Sam 6:4 v1Sam 6:11 v1Sam 6:18 בְּמַשְׂכִּיּוֺת כֶּסֶף ׳תַּפּוּחֵי ז Prov 25:11 ׳גֻּלַּת ז Exod 12:6 ׳כְּלֵיזֿ Exod 3:22; Exod 11:2; Exod 12:35; 1Sam 6:8; Ps 105:37 etc.; כְּלֵיכֶֿסֶף וּכְלֵי זָהָב Gen 24:53 as presents to a bride (+ בְּגָדִים); so of presents to secure king's favour 2Sam 8:10 (+ כְּלֵי נְחשֶׁת), and in list of yearly gifts or tribute to Solomon 1Kgs 10:25 = 2Chr 9:24 as material of idols אֱלֹהֵי ׳כֶסֶף וֵאלֹהֵי ז Exod 20:23 compare Exod 32:31; Hos 8:4; Isa 2:20; Isa 30:22; Isa 31:7; Deut 29:16; Ps 115:4; Ps 135:15 as plating of idols Deut 7:25 especially as material of the furnishings of Solomon's temple, or (oftener) the platings of temple, or parts thereof, or of its furnishings 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 (3 t. in verse); 1Kgs 6:22 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 6:28; 1Kgs 7:48 + 10 t. 1Kgs 6:7 also 2Chr 3:5 (twice in verse); 2Chr 3:6 + 14 t. 2Chr 3:4 cf 1Chr 28:14 (twice in verse) + 14 t. 1Chr 28:29 (David's preparation for temple); see also 2Kgs 24:13 compare 2Kgs 14:14 = 2Chr 25:24; 2Kgs 25:15 = Jer 52:19 (in accounts of plundering temple etc.); but more often still of furnishing and utensils of tabernacle, insignia of high-priest etc., Exod 25:3; Exod 25:11; Exod 25:24 + 97 t. Ex 25-40, Lev 8:9; Num 4:11; Num 8:4 (in case of large objects frequently of plating or sheathing, compare 12 c below) Note the expressions ליהוה ׳תְּנוּפַת ז Exod 35:22 a wave-offering of gold, זְהַב הַתְּנוּפָה Exod 38:24 also זְהַב הַתְּרוּמָה Num 31:52 (all P) compare Ezra 8:25, and (of offering to heathen god) יְכַבֵּד בְּזָהָב Dan 11:38.
7. gold described by its source, especially gold from Ophir (compare Glass: Skizze ii. 357 ff. 368) 1Kgs 9:28; 1Kgs 10:11; 1Kgs 22:49; 1Chr 29:4; 2Chr 8:18; 2Chr 9:10 so perh Jer 10:9 (read אוֺפִיר for אוּפַז Ew Klo and others); זְהַב שְׁבָא Ps 72:15 on פַּרְוָ֑יִם ׳ז 2Chr 3:6 see פרוים; compare further Gen 2:11; Gen 2:12.
8. gold defined by var. adjective and pts.: שָׁחוּט ׳ז beaten gold (see שָׁחַט) 1Kgs 10:16; 1Kgs 10:17 = 2Chr 9:15 (twice in verse); 2Chr 9:16 סָגוּר ׳ז 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 also 1Kgs 7:49; 1Kgs 7:50; 1Kgs 10:21 = 2Chr 4:20; 2Chr 4:22; 2Chr 9:21 (on meaning see סָגַר); especially (but only P & Chronicles) טָהוֺר ׳ז pure gold Exod 25:11; Exod 25:17; Exod 25:24 + 21 t. Exod 25. 28. 30. 37. 39 (of equipments of tabernacle and high priest's insignia), 1Chr 28:17; 2Chr 3:4; 2Chr 9:17 compare טוֺב ׳ז 2Chr 3:5; 2Chr 3:8 on מוּפָז ׳ז 1Kgs 10:18, AV best gold, compare אוּפָז, פָּזַז.
9. ׳ז as measure of weight and value:
  a. = gold-shekel, מִשְׁקָלָם ׳עֲשָׂרָה ז Gen 24:22 ׳כַּף אַחַת עֲשָׂרָה ז Num 7:14 + 11 t. Num 7 אֶלֶף ׳וּשְׁבַעמֵֿאוֺת ז Judg 8:26, compare 1Kgs 10:16; 2Kgs 5:5; 2Chr 9:15; 2Chr 9:16 וָכָ֑סֶף ׳אַלְפֵי ז Ps 119:72 compare further Josh 7:21 but also (only Chronicles) שֶׁקֶל expressed: מִשְׁקַל ׳שִׁקְלֵי ז שֵׁשׁ מֵאוֺת 1Chr 21:25 (50 shekels of silver in || 2Sam 24:24); ׳וּמִשְׁקָל לְמִסְמְרוֺת לִשְׁקָלִים חֲמִשִּׁים ז 2Chr 3:9.
  b. ׳שְׁלשֶׁת מָנִים ז 1Kgs 10:17 three minas of gold (see מָנֶה).
  c. ׳כִּכַּר ז talent of gold 2Sam 12:30; 1Kgs 9:14 + (see כִּכָּר).
  d. זָהָב דַּרְכְּמוֺנִים שֵׁשׁרִֿבּאֹוֺת וָאֶלֶף Ezra 2:69 compare Neh 7:69; Neh 7:70; Neh 7:71 also עֶשְׂרִים לַאֲדַרְכֹּנִים אָ֑לָף ׳וּכְפֹרֵי ז Ezra 8:27 (see דַּרְכְּמוֺן); — with the above should perhaps be compared מִכִּיס ׳הַזָּלִים ז Isa 46:6 i.e. the gold used in making the god was the coin carried in the bag.
10. ׳ז = golden oil, from colour, Zech 4:12.
11. ׳ז often named with כֶּסֶף, and then, in earlier and sometimes in later writings, follows it: בַּכֶּסֶף וּבַזָּהָב Gen 13:2 (J), compare Gen 24:35; Gen 24:53; Gen 44:8 (all J) Exod 3:22; Exod 11:2; Exod 12:35; Num 22:18; Num 24:13 (all E), Josh 6:19; Josh 6:24 (JE), Deut 7:25; Deut 17:17; Deut 29:16; 2Sam 8:11; 2Sam 21:4; 1Kgs 7:51; 1Kgs 15:15; 1Kgs 15:18; 1Kgs 15:19; 2Kgs 7:8; 2Kgs 16:8; 2Kgs 18:14; 2Kgs 20:13; 2Kgs 23:33; 2Kgs 23:35 (twice in verse); Hos 2:10; Hos 8:4; Hos 60:9; Hos 38:13; Joel 4:5, Prov 22:1; Ps 105:37; Ps 115:4; Ps 135:15; 2Chr 1:15; 2Chr 5:1; Ezra 1:4; Ezra 8:25; Dan 11:8; Eccl 2:8 +; in later writings ׳ז often precedes Ezek 28:4; Zech 14:14; Mal 3:3; 1Chr 18:10; 1Chr 22:14; 1Chr 22:16; 1Chr 28:15; 1Chr 28:16; 1Chr 29:3; 1Chr 29:4; 1Chr 29:5; 1Chr 29:7; 2Chr 9:14; 2Chr 9:21; 2Chr 24:14; 2Chr 25:24; Ezra 1:11; Ps 119:72; Song 1:11; Dan 11:38 +, and so in P, Exod 25:3; Exod 31:4; Exod 35:5; Exod 35:32; Num 31:32 yet also as early as Hab 2:19; 1Kgs 10:22; 2Kgs 25:15.
12. the chief verbs used with ׳ז are:
  a. עָשָׂה make of (c. 2 accusative) 1Kgs 7:48 (compare v1Kgs 7:49 v1Kgs 7:49 v1Kgs 7:50 v1Kgs 7:50) 1Kgs 10:16; 1Kgs 12:28; 1Kgs 14:26; 2Chr 4:7; 2Chr 4:8; 2Chr 4:19; 2Chr 12:9; 2Chr 13:8, and especially in P (tabernacle) Exod 25:11; Exod 25:17; Exod 25:18 + 35 t. Ex 25-39; also followed by בְּ work in gold, וּבַכֶּסֶף וּבַנְּחשֶׁת ׳לַעֲשׂוֺת בַּזּ Exod 31:4; Exod 35:32, also (+ בַּבַּרְזֶל, etc.), 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:13
  b. יָצַק (object ׳טַבְּעֹת ז) Exod 25:12; Exod 37:3; Exod 37:13 (all P);
  c. צִפָּה overlay with (c. 2 accusative) 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 6:22; 1Kgs 6:28; 1Kgs 6:30; 1Kgs 6:32; 1Kgs 6:35 (1Kgs 6:32 v1Kgs 6:35 one accusative omitted), 1Kgs 10:18; 2Chr 3:4; 2Chr 3:10; 2Chr 9:17, and especially P (tabernacle) Exod 25:11; Exod 25:13; Exod 25:24; Exod 25:28 + 15 t. Ex 26-37; in same sense
  d. ׳וַיְחַפֵּהוּ ז 2Chr 3:5 compare v2Chr 3:7 v2Chr 3:8 v2Chr 3:9, and
  e. וָכֶסֶף ׳תָּפוּשׂ ז Hab 2:19 encased in gold and silver; also feminine יְרַקְּעֶנּוּ ׳בַּזּ Isa 40:19
  g. רדד Hiph`il, ׳וַיָּ֫רֶב עַלהַֿכְּרוּבִים וְעַלהַֿתִּמֹּרוֺת אֶתהַֿזּ 1Kgs 6:32 and he spread upon the cherubim and upon the palm-trees the gold; further
  h. בָּחַן try, Zech 13:9 compare
  i. זִקַּק Mal 3:3. — On דִּי זָהָב, proper name; on מֵי זָהָב proper name see below מַיִם.

BDB9429 H1722 H2091

BDB9428 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9430

דָּהָב23 noun masculineDan 2:32 gold (so ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew זָהָב); — absolute ׳ד Dan 2:32 +, דְּהַ֑ב Ezra 7:15 emphatic דַּהֲבָה Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:5; Ezra 7:18, בָא- Dan 2:35 + 15 t. Daniel.

gold, golden, weather
zāhāb
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
  • gold
    • as precious metal
      • "as a measure of weight"of brilliance, splendor (figuratively)

וְ הָ ֽעֲלִיּ֖וֹת
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
הָ
Prefix — article the
ֽעֲלִיּ֖וֹת
Root word chamber, chambers, parlour, up, ascent, …
Dictionary form: עֲלִיָּה · uh-lih-YAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the upper chambers
of the parlour ×3 the chamber ×3 the going up ×2 a loft ×1 and his ascent ×1 and his chambers ×1 chamber ×1 chambers ×1
More options
upper room — Most natural modern term for an elevated interior space.
loft — Informal; suits rustic or agricultural settings.
roof chamber — Emphasizes rooftop location common in ancient Near East.
ascent — Use when the word denotes the act of going up, not a room.
upper story — Good for architectural or structural descriptions.
upstairs room — Colloquial; vivid for narrative or dialogue contexts.

BDB6075 H5944

BDB6074 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6076

עֲלִיָּה noun feminine (c. adjective masculine Jer 22:14, compare AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 83 KöSynt. § 251 k) roof-chamber (Late Hebrew id., ᵑ7 עֲלִיתָא, Syriac (whence Arabic dining-room as loan-word Frä20 f.); Sabean עלית DHMEpigr. Denkm. 27); — chamber on roof, cool and secluded: absolute ׳ע Judg 3:23; Judg 3:24; Judg 3:25 (compare NesMarg. 13), 1Kgs 17:19; 1Kgs 17:23; 2Kgs 4:11 construct עֲלִיַּת הַמְּקֵרָה Judg 3:20, קִֿיר׳ע 2Kgs 4:10 roof-chamber with walls (permanent); הַשַּׁעַר ׳ע 2Sam 19:1, i.e. over the gateway; הַפִּנָּה ׳ע Neh 3:31; Neh 3:32 i.e. at a corner of the wall; אָחָז ׳ע 2Kgs 23:12 (probably built by A.); suffix עֲלִיָּתוֺ 2Kgs 1:2 (belonging to Ahaziah); — 2Chr 9:4 read עֹלֹתָיו (compare || 1Kgs 10:5); plural absolute עֲלִיּוֺת מְרֻוָּחִים Jer 22:14 spacious roof-chambers; in Solomon's temple according to 2Chr 3:9, so suffix עֲלִיּתָיו 1Chr 28:11 more generally עֲלִיּוֺתָיו Jer 22:13 ׳י's chambers in sky Ps 104:3, containing rain, vPs 104:13.

BDB9767 H5952 H5944

BDB9766 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9768

[עֲלִי] noun feminine roof-chamber (compare Dr; Biblical Hebrew עֲלִיָּה); — suffix עֲלִיתֵהּ Dan 6:11.

chamber, chambers, parlour, up, ascent, …
ʿăliyyâ
something lofty, i.e., a stair-way; also a second-story room (or even one on the roof); figuratively, the sky
  • roof-room, roof chamber

חִפָּ֥ה
חִפָּ֥ה
Root word covered, overlaid, cieled
Dictionary form: חָפָה · haw-PAW

Verb — Piel, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular intensive — "he really / thoroughly did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and he overlaid
covered ×3 and he overlaid ×2 they covered ×2 and covered ×1 he cieled ×1 he overlaid ×1 him covered ×1 which he overlaid ×1
More options
cover — Broadest, most natural modern choice for general use.
overlay — Prefer when describing a surface coated with another material.
panel — Use for interior wall or ceiling cladding contexts.
line — Suits interiors lined with wood, stone, or precious material.
plate — Good for metal-sheeted surfaces, e.g. gold-plated structures.
sheathe — Slightly technical; implies encasing an object in a layer.

BDB2994 H2645

BDB2993 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2995

[חָפָה] verb cover (Late Hebrew id., especially Pi`el; Aramaic חֲפָא, (especially Pa`el); Arabic be hidden, hide) —

Qal Perfect חָפוּ 2Sam 15:30 + 3 t.; Participle חָפוּי 2Sam 15:30 construct חֲפוּי Esth 6:12 — cover the head (ראֹשׁ), in token of grief 2Sam 15:30; Jer 14:3; Jer 14:4 participle agrees with ׳ר 2Sam 15:30 חֲפוּי ראֹשׁ || (אָבֵלׅ Esth 6:12 in token of sentence of death Esth 7:8. Niph`al Participle feminine נֶחְפָּה Ps 68:13 (׳כנפי יונה נ), with בְּ of material. Pi`el Perfect (late) חִפָּה 2 Che Ps 3:8; Ps 3:9 Imperfect וַיְחַף 2Chr 3:7 suffix וַיְחַפֵּהוּ 2Chr 3:5; 2Chr 3:8 overlay followed by 2 accusative (one of material) 2Chr 3:5 (twice in verse); 2Chr 3:7; 2Chr 3:8; 2Chr 3:9.

I. חֻפָּה II. חֻפָּה see below חפף. below

covered, overlaid, cieled
ḥāpâ
to cover; by implication, to veil, to encase, protect
  • to cover, overlay, wainscotted, covered with boards or panelling
    • (Qal) to cover
      • "(Niphal) to be covered"(Piel) to cover, overlay

זָהָֽב
זָהָֽב
Root word gold, golden, weather
Dictionary form: זָהָב · dzaw-HAWB

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: with gold
of gold ×117 gold ×69 and gold ×29 and the gold ×15 with gold ×15 golden ×14 the gold ×13 the golden ×11
More options
gold — Default choice; works as noun in most contexts.
golden — Use as adjective when modifying a noun.
made of gold — Clarifies material when construction is ambiguous.
gold plating — Use when context implies a surface coating or overlay.
pure gold — Emphasizes quality or purity in cultic/royal contexts.

BDB2294 H2091

BDB2293 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2295

זָהָב385noun masculineGen 2:12 gold (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic Sabean דֿהב e.g. Os29 DHMZMG 1883, 338; Aramaic דְּהַב, , Palmyrene דהבא VogNo. 23) — ׳ז absolute Gen 2:11 + 364 t.; construct Gen 2:12 + 6 t.; suffix זְהָבִי 1Kgs 20:7 + 2 t.; זְהָֽבְךָ 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 זְהָבֶ֑ךָ Isa 30:22 זְהָבוֺ Isa 2:20; Isa 31:7 זְהָבָם Hos 8:4 + 4 t.; — gold,

1. = gold-ore, gold in a raw state, Gen 2:11; Gen 2:12; Jer 10:9; Prov 17:3; Prov 27:21; Job 28:1 +; perhaps also 1Kgs 9:28; 1Kgs 10:11; 1Kgs 22:49 etc.; compare ׳עַפְרֹת ז Job 28:6 gold-dust; see also Zech 13:9 (simile of tried people ׳י) and compare Mal 3:3 likewise Job 23:10 (simile of Job's purity, as shewn by divine tests); מִצָּפוֺן זָהָב Job 37:22 is dubious
**read perhaps זֹהַר Du and Dr; Ew De and others out of the North comes gold; others, however, golden light, brightness, of sun after clouds dispersed by north wind, ᵐ5 Rabb Da and others; or golden splendour of God coming from north BöÄ 76 Hi and others; Siegf conjecture יהוה for זהב
2. gold as wealth Gen 13:2 (J; + מִקְנֶה, כֶּסֶף) Gen 24:34 (J; + צאֹן, בָּקָר, כֶּסֶף, עֲבָדִם, שְׁפָחֹת, גְּמַלִּים, חֲמֹרִים) compare Hos 2:8; Isa 2:7; Deut 8:13; Deut 17:17; Job 3:15; Job 31:24; Zech 14:14; Ezra 1:4; Ezra 1:6 +; in general, as precious: נִבְחָר שֵׁם מֵעשֶׁר רָ֑ב מִכֶּסֶף וּמִזָּהָב חֵן טוֺב Prov 22:1 to be chosen is a name more than great riches, and good favour more than silver and than gold; Job 28:17 (of wisdom) gold and glass do not equal it; Ps 19:10 (ordinances of ׳י) which are more to be desired than gold; compare Ps 119:72; Ps 119:127; also metaphor of princes and chief men of Zion Lam 4:1 (compare vLam 4:2).
3. gold as spoil of war Josh 6:19 (+ כֶּסֶף, כְּלֵינְֿחשֶׁת, בַּרְזֶל) so vJosh 6:24, compare Josh 7:21; Josh 7:24; Josh 22:8; 2Kgs 7:8 +.
4. gold as merchandise Ezek 27:22 (+ אֶבֶן יְקָרָה, ראֹשׁ כָּלבּֿשֶֹׁם), compare also gold from Ophir 1Kgs 9:28 etc. (see below 7 below)
5. gold as costly gift: to a prophet ׳מְלֹא בֵּיתוֺ כֶּסֶף וְז (hypothet.), Num 22:18; Num 24:13 (both E); brought by queen of Sheba to Solomon 1Kgs 10:2; 1Kgs 10:10 (both + אֶבֶן יְקָרָה and בְּשָׂמִים) = 2Chr 9:1; 2Chr 9:9 as tribute 2Kgs 23:35 (twice in verse) (compare v2Kgs 23:33 all + כֶּסֶף); as satisfaction for murder 2Sam 21:4 (+ כֶּסֶף).
6. gold as material: of (nose- or ear-) ring, נֶזֶם Gen 24:22; Exod 32:2; Exod 32:3; Judg 8:24; Judg 8:25; Prov 11:22; Prov 25:12; Job 42:11 of chain Gen 41:42, shields 2Sam 8:7, images of emerods 1Sam 6:4; 1Sam 6:17 and mice v1Sam 6:4 v1Sam 6:11 v1Sam 6:18 בְּמַשְׂכִּיּוֺת כֶּסֶף ׳תַּפּוּחֵי ז Prov 25:11 ׳גֻּלַּת ז Exod 12:6 ׳כְּלֵיזֿ Exod 3:22; Exod 11:2; Exod 12:35; 1Sam 6:8; Ps 105:37 etc.; כְּלֵיכֶֿסֶף וּכְלֵי זָהָב Gen 24:53 as presents to a bride (+ בְּגָדִים); so of presents to secure king's favour 2Sam 8:10 (+ כְּלֵי נְחשֶׁת), and in list of yearly gifts or tribute to Solomon 1Kgs 10:25 = 2Chr 9:24 as material of idols אֱלֹהֵי ׳כֶסֶף וֵאלֹהֵי ז Exod 20:23 compare Exod 32:31; Hos 8:4; Isa 2:20; Isa 30:22; Isa 31:7; Deut 29:16; Ps 115:4; Ps 135:15 as plating of idols Deut 7:25 especially as material of the furnishings of Solomon's temple, or (oftener) the platings of temple, or parts thereof, or of its furnishings 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 (3 t. in verse); 1Kgs 6:22 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 6:28; 1Kgs 7:48 + 10 t. 1Kgs 6:7 also 2Chr 3:5 (twice in verse); 2Chr 3:6 + 14 t. 2Chr 3:4 cf 1Chr 28:14 (twice in verse) + 14 t. 1Chr 28:29 (David's preparation for temple); see also 2Kgs 24:13 compare 2Kgs 14:14 = 2Chr 25:24; 2Kgs 25:15 = Jer 52:19 (in accounts of plundering temple etc.); but more often still of furnishing and utensils of tabernacle, insignia of high-priest etc., Exod 25:3; Exod 25:11; Exod 25:24 + 97 t. Ex 25-40, Lev 8:9; Num 4:11; Num 8:4 (in case of large objects frequently of plating or sheathing, compare 12 c below) Note the expressions ליהוה ׳תְּנוּפַת ז Exod 35:22 a wave-offering of gold, זְהַב הַתְּנוּפָה Exod 38:24 also זְהַב הַתְּרוּמָה Num 31:52 (all P) compare Ezra 8:25, and (of offering to heathen god) יְכַבֵּד בְּזָהָב Dan 11:38.
7. gold described by its source, especially gold from Ophir (compare Glass: Skizze ii. 357 ff. 368) 1Kgs 9:28; 1Kgs 10:11; 1Kgs 22:49; 1Chr 29:4; 2Chr 8:18; 2Chr 9:10 so perh Jer 10:9 (read אוֺפִיר for אוּפַז Ew Klo and others); זְהַב שְׁבָא Ps 72:15 on פַּרְוָ֑יִם ׳ז 2Chr 3:6 see פרוים; compare further Gen 2:11; Gen 2:12.
8. gold defined by var. adjective and pts.: שָׁחוּט ׳ז beaten gold (see שָׁחַט) 1Kgs 10:16; 1Kgs 10:17 = 2Chr 9:15 (twice in verse); 2Chr 9:16 סָגוּר ׳ז 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 also 1Kgs 7:49; 1Kgs 7:50; 1Kgs 10:21 = 2Chr 4:20; 2Chr 4:22; 2Chr 9:21 (on meaning see סָגַר); especially (but only P & Chronicles) טָהוֺר ׳ז pure gold Exod 25:11; Exod 25:17; Exod 25:24 + 21 t. Exod 25. 28. 30. 37. 39 (of equipments of tabernacle and high priest's insignia), 1Chr 28:17; 2Chr 3:4; 2Chr 9:17 compare טוֺב ׳ז 2Chr 3:5; 2Chr 3:8 on מוּפָז ׳ז 1Kgs 10:18, AV best gold, compare אוּפָז, פָּזַז.
9. ׳ז as measure of weight and value:
  a. = gold-shekel, מִשְׁקָלָם ׳עֲשָׂרָה ז Gen 24:22 ׳כַּף אַחַת עֲשָׂרָה ז Num 7:14 + 11 t. Num 7 אֶלֶף ׳וּשְׁבַעמֵֿאוֺת ז Judg 8:26, compare 1Kgs 10:16; 2Kgs 5:5; 2Chr 9:15; 2Chr 9:16 וָכָ֑סֶף ׳אַלְפֵי ז Ps 119:72 compare further Josh 7:21 but also (only Chronicles) שֶׁקֶל expressed: מִשְׁקַל ׳שִׁקְלֵי ז שֵׁשׁ מֵאוֺת 1Chr 21:25 (50 shekels of silver in || 2Sam 24:24); ׳וּמִשְׁקָל לְמִסְמְרוֺת לִשְׁקָלִים חֲמִשִּׁים ז 2Chr 3:9.
  b. ׳שְׁלשֶׁת מָנִים ז 1Kgs 10:17 three minas of gold (see מָנֶה).
  c. ׳כִּכַּר ז talent of gold 2Sam 12:30; 1Kgs 9:14 + (see כִּכָּר).
  d. זָהָב דַּרְכְּמוֺנִים שֵׁשׁרִֿבּאֹוֺת וָאֶלֶף Ezra 2:69 compare Neh 7:69; Neh 7:70; Neh 7:71 also עֶשְׂרִים לַאֲדַרְכֹּנִים אָ֑לָף ׳וּכְפֹרֵי ז Ezra 8:27 (see דַּרְכְּמוֺן); — with the above should perhaps be compared מִכִּיס ׳הַזָּלִים ז Isa 46:6 i.e. the gold used in making the god was the coin carried in the bag.
10. ׳ז = golden oil, from colour, Zech 4:12.
11. ׳ז often named with כֶּסֶף, and then, in earlier and sometimes in later writings, follows it: בַּכֶּסֶף וּבַזָּהָב Gen 13:2 (J), compare Gen 24:35; Gen 24:53; Gen 44:8 (all J) Exod 3:22; Exod 11:2; Exod 12:35; Num 22:18; Num 24:13 (all E), Josh 6:19; Josh 6:24 (JE), Deut 7:25; Deut 17:17; Deut 29:16; 2Sam 8:11; 2Sam 21:4; 1Kgs 7:51; 1Kgs 15:15; 1Kgs 15:18; 1Kgs 15:19; 2Kgs 7:8; 2Kgs 16:8; 2Kgs 18:14; 2Kgs 20:13; 2Kgs 23:33; 2Kgs 23:35 (twice in verse); Hos 2:10; Hos 8:4; Hos 60:9; Hos 38:13; Joel 4:5, Prov 22:1; Ps 105:37; Ps 115:4; Ps 135:15; 2Chr 1:15; 2Chr 5:1; Ezra 1:4; Ezra 8:25; Dan 11:8; Eccl 2:8 +; in later writings ׳ז often precedes Ezek 28:4; Zech 14:14; Mal 3:3; 1Chr 18:10; 1Chr 22:14; 1Chr 22:16; 1Chr 28:15; 1Chr 28:16; 1Chr 29:3; 1Chr 29:4; 1Chr 29:5; 1Chr 29:7; 2Chr 9:14; 2Chr 9:21; 2Chr 24:14; 2Chr 25:24; Ezra 1:11; Ps 119:72; Song 1:11; Dan 11:38 +, and so in P, Exod 25:3; Exod 31:4; Exod 35:5; Exod 35:32; Num 31:32 yet also as early as Hab 2:19; 1Kgs 10:22; 2Kgs 25:15.
12. the chief verbs used with ׳ז are:
  a. עָשָׂה make of (c. 2 accusative) 1Kgs 7:48 (compare v1Kgs 7:49 v1Kgs 7:49 v1Kgs 7:50 v1Kgs 7:50) 1Kgs 10:16; 1Kgs 12:28; 1Kgs 14:26; 2Chr 4:7; 2Chr 4:8; 2Chr 4:19; 2Chr 12:9; 2Chr 13:8, and especially in P (tabernacle) Exod 25:11; Exod 25:17; Exod 25:18 + 35 t. Ex 25-39; also followed by בְּ work in gold, וּבַכֶּסֶף וּבַנְּחשֶׁת ׳לַעֲשׂוֺת בַּזּ Exod 31:4; Exod 35:32, also (+ בַּבַּרְזֶל, etc.), 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:13
  b. יָצַק (object ׳טַבְּעֹת ז) Exod 25:12; Exod 37:3; Exod 37:13 (all P);
  c. צִפָּה overlay with (c. 2 accusative) 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 6:22; 1Kgs 6:28; 1Kgs 6:30; 1Kgs 6:32; 1Kgs 6:35 (1Kgs 6:32 v1Kgs 6:35 one accusative omitted), 1Kgs 10:18; 2Chr 3:4; 2Chr 3:10; 2Chr 9:17, and especially P (tabernacle) Exod 25:11; Exod 25:13; Exod 25:24; Exod 25:28 + 15 t. Ex 26-37; in same sense
  d. ׳וַיְחַפֵּהוּ ז 2Chr 3:5 compare v2Chr 3:7 v2Chr 3:8 v2Chr 3:9, and
  e. וָכֶסֶף ׳תָּפוּשׂ ז Hab 2:19 encased in gold and silver; also feminine יְרַקְּעֶנּוּ ׳בַּזּ Isa 40:19
  g. רדד Hiph`il, ׳וַיָּ֫רֶב עַלהַֿכְּרוּבִים וְעַלהַֿתִּמֹּרוֺת אֶתהַֿזּ 1Kgs 6:32 and he spread upon the cherubim and upon the palm-trees the gold; further
  h. בָּחַן try, Zech 13:9 compare
  i. זִקַּק Mal 3:3. — On דִּי זָהָב, proper name; on מֵי זָהָב proper name see below מַיִם.

BDB9429 H1722 H2091

BDB9428 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9430

דָּהָב23 noun masculineDan 2:32 gold (so ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew זָהָב); — absolute ׳ד Dan 2:32 +, דְּהַ֑ב Ezra 7:15 emphatic דַּהֲבָה Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:5; Ezra 7:18, בָא- Dan 2:35 + 15 t. Daniel.

gold, golden, weather
zāhāb
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
  • gold
    • as precious metal
      • "as a measure of weight"of brilliance, splendor (figuratively)

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וּמִשְׁקָ֛ל Tevir — a lesser break לְמִסְמְר֥וֹת לִשְׁקָלִ֖ים Tipeha — a lesser break חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים זָהָ֑ב Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וְהָֽעֲלִיּ֖וֹת Tipeha — a lesser break חִפָּ֥ה זָהָֽב Silluq — end of the verse

וּמִשְׁקָל לְמִסְמְרוֹת לִשְׁקָלִים חֲמִשִּׁים זָהָב וְהָֽעֲלִיּוֹת חִפָּה זָהָֽב׃
9
And the weight of the nails was fifty shekels of gold. And he overlaid the upper chambers with gold.
Cross References

1 Chronicles 28:11

וַיִּתֵּן דָּוִיד לִשְׁלֹמֹה בְנוֹ אֶת-תַּבְנִית הָֽאוּלָם וְֽאֶת-בָּתָּיו וְגַנְזַכָּיו וַֽעֲלִיֹּתָיו וַֽחֲדָרָיו הַפְּנִימִים וּבֵית הַכַּפֹּֽרֶת׃
11
Then David gave to Solomon his son the pattern of the porch, and of the houses thereof, and of the treasuries thereof, and of the upper chambers thereof, and of the inner parlours thereof, and of the place of the mercy seat,
2 Chronicles 3:8
Read 2 Chronicles 3
2 Chronicles 3:10