2 Samuel 23:12 — Hebrew Word by Word

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Word Parts

וַ יִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב

Root word stand, stood, set, present, presented, …

Dictionary form: יָצַב · yaw-TSAHB

Vowels & Accents

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Vtw3ms

Verb — Hithpael, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular reflexive — "he did it to / for himself" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

וַ	Speech Conjunction
יִּתְיַצֵּב	Speech Verb Stem Hithpael Type Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: but he stood

stand ×5 and stand ×3 and stood ×2 be able to stand ×2 to present themselves ×2 and present yourselves ×1 and presented himself ×1 and presented themselves ×1

More options

take a stand — Best for confrontational or resolute positioning contexts.

stand firm — Emphasizes resolve or steadfastness; good for battle or challenge scenes.

present oneself — Formal register; suits appearing before an authority or God.

position oneself — Neutral and versatile; works for deliberate physical placement.

station oneself — Implies assigned or fixed location; good for military or priestly contexts.

withstand — Use when the sense is resistance or holding one's ground against opposition.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3665 H3320

[יָצַב] verb only Hithpa`el set or station oneself, take one's stand (ᵑ7 יצב Pa`el & derivatives; Arabic be constant, firm) —

Hithpa`el Perfect 3 plural הִתְיַצְּבוּ 2Chr 11:13 ׳וְהִת consecutive Num 11:16 Imperfect יִתְיַצֵּב Deut 7:24 + 6 t.; יִתְיַצָּ֑ב Job 41:2 יִתְיַצַּ֑ב Prov 22:29 וַיִּתְיַצֵּב 1Sam 3:10 + 5 t.; 3 feminine singular וַתֵּתַצֵּב Exod 2:4 (but read וַתִּתְיַצֵּב compare Sam Ges^{«GKC:71»§ 71} Kö^{i, 430}); 2 masculine singular תִּתְיַצֵּב 2Sam 18:13 וְאֶתְיַצְּבָה Hab 2:1 יִתְיַצְּבוּ Ps 2:2 + 2 t.; וַיִּתְיַצְּבוּ Exod 19:17 + 4 t.; Imperative הִתְיַצֵּב Exod 8:16 + 5 t.: הִתְיַצְּבוּ 1Sam 10:19 + 6 t.; infinitive construct (מֵ)הִתְיַצֵּב 2Sam 21:5 + 4 t.; — station oneself, take one's stand, stand:
a. with phrase of place, Exod 2:4 (E, with מֵרָחוֺק), 2Sam 18:13 (with מִנֶּגֶד), figurative = stand aloof (VB Dr); v2Sam 18:30 (with כֹּה, || עָמַד): with ב loc, Exod 19:17; Num 22:22 (both E), Judg 20:2; Deut 31:14 (twice in verse), also (in sense of having a place or position) נִשְׁמַדְנוּ מֵהִתְיַצֵּב בְּכָלגְּֿבֻל יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Sam 21:5 with בְּתוֺךְ person 1Sam 10:23, location 2Sam 23:12 = 2Chr 11:14 with עַל location, at, by Num 23:3; Num 23:15 (JE), upon Hab 2:1 (|| עמד), Ps 36:5 (figurative); with עַל person see below; with שָׁם and עִם person Exod 34:5 (subject ׳י), Num 11:16 (both J E).
b. absolute 1Sam 3:10 (׳י subject); especially of standing quiet and passive, to see the mighty deliverance of ׳י Exod 14:13 (J), 1Sam 12:7; 1Sam 12:16; 2Chr 20:17 (|| עמד); of taking a stand to fight 1Sam 17:16; Ps 2:2 in military array Jer 46:4 (with ב accompare), vJer 46:14 (|| הָכֵן לָךְ); to answer a charge Job 33:5 וְיִתְיַצְּבוּ כְמוֺ לְבוּשׁ Job 38:14 and they (terrestrial things) stand forth (in the light) like a garment.
c. with לִפְנֵי person = present oneself before Exod 8:16; Exod 9:13 (both J), Prov 22:29 (twice in verse); ׳לִפְנֵי י Josh 24:1 (E), 1Sam 10:19 (see also d); so as servants or courtiers (see לְ 6 c), with implication of readiness for service עַלאֲֿדֹנָי Zech 6:5 ׳לְ י Job 1:6; Job 2:1 (twice in verse).
d. with לְַ person take one's stand on the side of 2Chr 11:13 with ל, מִייִֿתְצֵּב לִי עִם Ps 94:16 who will take a stand forme against the workers of iniquity (|| מִי יָקוּם לִי עִם); of holding one's ground, maintaining one's position before ׳י ( לְנֶגֶד עֵינֶיךָ ׅ Ps 5:6 so with לִפְנֵי Josh 1:5 (D), Deut 9:2; Job 41:2 with בְּפָנֶיךָ Deut 7:24; Deut 11:25 absolute וְאֵין עִמְּךָ לְהִתִיַצֵּב 2Chr 20:6

Strong's Definition H3320

stand, stood, set, present, presented, …

yāṣab

to place (any thing so as to stay); reflexively, to station, offer, continue

to place, set, stand, set or station oneself, present oneself

(Hithpael) to station oneself, take one's stand, stand, present oneself, stand with someone

Variations 22 forms of this word

Translations 39 English renderings

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Word Parts

בְּ תוֹךְ

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

תוֹךְ

Root word midst, among, within, in, middle, …

Dictionary form: תָּוֶךְ · taw-WEK

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar R/Ncmsc

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

בְּ	Speech Preposition
תוֹךְ	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct

In English

In the KJV here: in the midst

in the midst ×97 among ×71 the midst ×22 out of the midst ×21 from among ×20 within ×19 among them ×12 in ×7

More options

middle — Best for spatial or physical center of something.

midst — Modernized KJV form; natural in literary or formal contexts.

among — Preferred when referring to a group of people or things.

center — Good for geographic or structural centerpoints.

within — Use when emphasizing interior location or containment.

heart — Vivid idiom for the deep or innermost part of something.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9124 H8432

תָּ֫וֶךְ₄₁₈ substantive midst (Late Hebrew id., also denominative תִּוֵּוךְ; √ unknown; not apparently in cognate languages); — absolute תָּ֫וֶךְ Gen 15:10 +; construct תּוֺךְ Gen 1:6 +; תּוֺכִי, תּוֺכוֺ, etc., 2 feminine singular תּוֺכֵּ֫ כִי Ps 116:19; Ps 135:9, תּוֺכֹה Ezek 48:15; Ezek 48:21, תּוֺכֲכֶם Gen 23:9 +, תּוֺכָ֫הְנָה Ezek 16:53 (Ges^{«GKC:91f»§ 91f}); — midst, whether of a space or place, a number of people or things, or of a linE: absolute Judg 16:29 עַמּוּדֵי הַתָּוֶךְ = the middle columns, Jer 39:3 ׳שַׁעַר הַתּ, בַּתָּוֶךְ Gen 15:10 וַיְבַתֵּר ׳אֹתָם בַּתּ, Num 35:5 וְהָעִיר בַּתָּוֶךְ, Josh 8:22; Judg 15:4; Isa 66:17 אַחַר אֶחָד בַּתָּוֶךְ; construct 1Kgs 8:54 קִדַּשׁ הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶתֿ תּוֺךְ הֶחָצֵר, Ezek 15:4 וְתוֺכוֺ נָחָר; usually with preposition, as בְּ (often = an emphasis in, in the very heart and midst of), Gen 1:6 בְּתוֺךְ הַמַּיִם, Gen 2:9 הַגָּן ׳בְּת, Gen 9:21 אָהֳהֹ ׳בְּת, Gen 18:24 הָעִיר ׳בְּת, Gen 37:7 הַשָּׁדֶה ׳בְּת, Exod 11:4 אני יוצא מצרים ׳בת, Exod 39:3, Josh 8:9 הָעָם ׳בְּת, Judg 7:16 הַכַּ דִּים ׳בת, 1Kgs 3:20 הַלַּיְלָה ׳בְּת; בְּתוֺכָהּ (of land or city) Num 13:32; Isa 7:6, etc.; in Ezekiel בְּתוֺכֵךְ, בְּתוֺכָהּ, etc., of sins done, or judgment to be wrought, in the very midst of Jerusalem, Ezek 5:8; Ezek 5:10; Ezek 9:4; Ezek 22:3; Ezek 22:7; Ezek 22:9; Ezek 22:13 +; מֵעַי ׳בְּת Ps 22:15; Ps 40:9 מֵעָ֫י ׳תּוֺרָֽתְךָ בְּת, לִבִּי ׳בְּת vPs 22:11, compare Prov 4:21 after verbs of motion, = into Exod 14:27; 1Sam 9:14, = through Exod 14:29; Num 33:8; Ezek 9:4; Neh 9:11 of a number of persons = among (not nEcess. of the actual middle), Gen 40:20 עֲבָדָיו ׳בְּת, בְּתוֺכְנוּ Gen 23:6, בְּתוֺכָם 1Sam 10:10; Job 1:6, etc., הַגָּר בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Lev 17:8; Lev 17:10; Lev 17:13 +; = between (of things arranged by twos) Exod 39:25 in P often (12 t.) of the divinE presence, or dwelling, in the midst of Israel, Exod 25:8; Exod 29:45; Exod 29:46; Lev 15:31; Lev 16:16 + (Carpenter^{Hex. i. 209, ed. 2, 410}; J E D in such cases have always קֶרֶב), so Ezek 37:26; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 43:7; Ezek 43:9, compare Hag 2:5 מִן, as Gen 19:29 מִתּוֺךְ הַהֲפֵכָה, Exod 3:2 ׳מִתּ הַסְּנֶה, Exod 33:11 הָאֹהֶל ׳לאֹ יָמִישׁ מִתּ, Deut 4:12 + הָאֵשׁ ׳מִתּ, 1Sam 15:6 עֲמָלֵק ׳רְדוּ מִתּ; = from among, as to take, separate, etc., מִתּוֺכָם, הָעָם ׳מִתּ, etc., Exod 7:5; Exod 28:1; Num 3:12; Num 4:2; Num 4:18; Num 16:21; Num 16:33; Num 17:10; Num 19:20 (all P) +; אֶל, as Exod 14:23 ויבאואֶ֗֗֗לאתּוֺךְ הַיָּם, Lev 11:33; Num 17:12 וַיָּרָץ הַקָּהָל ׳אֶלאתּ, Num 19:6; Deut 21:12 בֵּיתֶ֫ךָ ׳וַהֲבֵאתָהּ אֶלאתּ, Deut 22:2; Deut 23:11; 2Sam 3:27; 2Sam 4:6; Jer 21:4 +; מֵעַל Ezek 11:23. — תוך is used by most writers, occurring approximately 8-10 times in many books, but is especially frequent in P (c. 106 t,) and Ezekiel (116 t.). synonym קֶרֶב, q. v.

Strong's Definition H8432

midst, among, within, in, middle, …

tāwek

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

midst, middle

midst, middle

Variations 53 forms of this word

Translations 98 English renderings

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Word Parts

הַֽ חֶלְקָה֙

הַֽ

Prefix — article the

חֶלְקָה֙

Root word portion, parcel, piece, field, flattering, …

Dictionary form: חֶלְקָה · hel-KAW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Td/Ncfsa

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

הַֽ	Speech Particle Type Definite Article
חֶלְקָה	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: of the ground

a parcel ×3 piece ×3 him in the portion ×2 a piece ×1 and the piece ×1 field ×1 flattering ×1 from the flattery ×1

More options

plot — Best for a defined parcel of land; widely understood.

portion — Broad use; fits shares of land or inheritance.

parcel — Slightly formal; ideal for legal or property contexts.

field — Prefer when agricultural use of the land is emphasized.

tract — Good for larger or surveyed areas of land.

allotment — Highlights land assigned by division or inheritance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB2814 H2513

I. חֶלְקָה noun feminine portion of ground; — absolute ׳ח Amos 4:7 (twice in verse) + 8 t.; construct חֶלְקַת Gen 33:19 + 12 t.; suffix חֶלְקָתִי Jer 12:10 חֶלְקָתָם Job 24:18 portion of ground,

1. especially
a. הַשָּׂדֶה ׳ח = the clearly divided field Gen 33:19; Josh 24:32 (both E), 2Sam 23:11; Ruth 2:3; Ruth 4:3; 2Kgs 9:25; 1Chr 11:13. Also
b. without השׂדה Amos 4:7 (twice in verse); 2Sam 14:30 (twice in verse); 2Sam 14:31; 2Sam 23:12; 2Kgs 3:19; 2Kgs 3:25; 2Kgs 9:21; 2Kgs 9:26 (twice in verse); 1Chr 11:14; Job 24:18 of ׳י's land Jer 12:10 (twice in verse) (|| כַּרְמִי); compare also proper name, of a location חלקת חַצֻּרִים 2Sam 2:16 field of sword-edges (Dr), ᵐ5 Ew^{G iii. 156, Eng. tr. 114} We read הַצֹּדִים ׳ח field of plotters or liers-in-wait (see Dr).

2. portion of ground assigned to one, מחקק ׳ח Deut 33:21 commander's portion.

BDB2824 H2513

II. [חֶלְקָה] noun feminine smooth part, smoothness, flattery; — construct חֶלְקַת Gen 27:16; Prov 6:24 plural חֲלָקוֺת Ps 12:3 + 3 t.; —

1. smoothness, smooth part חֶלְקַת צַוָּארָיו Gen 27:16.

2. plural slippery places Ps 73:18 figurative of situation of wicked.

3. smoothness = flattery ׳שְׂפַת חִ Ps 12:3, compare vPs 12:4 חֶלְקַת לָשׁוֺן Prov 6:24 = substantive plural smooth things, i.e. agreeable, flattering things Isa 30:10. — 1. חֶלְקָה see below I. חלק.

Strong's Definition H2513

portion, parcel, piece, field, flattering, …

ḥelqâ

properly, smoothness; figuratively, an allotment

portion, parcel

of ground

smoothness, smooth part

Variations 12 forms of this word

Translations 24 English renderings

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Word Parts

וַ יַּצִּילֶ ֔הָ

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יַּצִּילֶ

Root word deliver, delivered, delivereth, recover, rid, …

֔הָ

Suffix — pronoun her / it

Dictionary form: נָצַל · naw-TSAHL

Vowels & Accents

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Vhw3ms/Sp3fs

Verb — Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

וַ	Speech Conjunction
יַּצִּילֶ	Speech Verb Stem Hiphil Type Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
הָ	Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Feminine Number Singular

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: and defended

deliver ×24 to deliver ×20 delivered ×10 shall deliver ×10 and delivered ×8 and deliver ×6 delivereth ×5 and i will deliver ×3

More options

rescue — Strong, active sense; ideal for dramatic, urgent contexts.

save — Broad, natural modern default; fits redemptive or protective contexts.

deliver — Modernized KJV staple; still natural in formal or theological writing.

free — Good for contexts emphasizing release from bondage or captivity.

recover — Use when something lost or taken is being retrieved or reclaimed.

snatch away — Vivid; captures the sudden, forceful nuance of the root.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5336 H5337

[נָצַל₂₁₂ verb not in Qal; Pi`el strip, plunder; Niph`al deliver oneself, be delivered; Hiph`il snatch away, deliver (Ecclus Hiph`il Participle מצלת delivering (Levi conjectures יציל Eccl 40:24a)); Late Hebrew Hiph`il = Biblical Hebrew; Biblical Aramaic Haph`el id.; Syriac pour out; Arabic intransitive tincturam exuit emisitque barba, ex cuspide excidit sagitta, etc., Kam Frey; Ethiopic III. evulsum or abruptum excidere e suo loco, Di⁶⁹⁸); —

Niph`al Perfect 1 plural נִצַּלְנוּ Jer 7:10 Imperfect יִנָּצֵל Deut 23:16, + 1 singular אִנָָּֽצְלָה Ps 69:15, + 8 t. Imperfect; Infinitive הַנָּצֵל Isa 20:6 + 3 t. —

1. reflexive tear oneself away, deliver oneself: absolute Prov 6:3; Ezek 14:16; Ezek 14:18; 2Kgs 19:11 = Isa 37:11 with מִיַּד Prov 6:5 מֵעִ ֗֗֗ אֶל escape from-unto Deut 23:16.

2. passive, be torn, out or away מִפִּי הָאֲרִי Amos 3:12 be delivered, absolute Gen 32:31; Jer 7:10; Ps 33:16; Mic 4:30 מִפְּנֵי Isa 20:6 מִכַּף Hab 2:9 מִן Ps 69:15.

Pi`el Perfect 2 masculine plural נִצַּלְתֶּם Exod 3:22 Imperfect יְנַצֵּל Ezek 14:14 + 2 t.; —

1. strip of, spoil, absolute 2Chr 20:25 with accusative of person Exod 3:22; Exod 12:36 (J).

2. deliver, with accusative נַפְשָׁם Ezek 14:14.

Hiph`il₁₉₀ Perfect הִצִּיל Exod 12:27 2 masculine singular הִצַּ֫לְתָּ Exod 5:23 + 50 t. Perfect; Imperfect יַּצִּיל 2Kgs 17:39 יַצֵּל Gen 31:9 + 63 t. Imperfect; Imperative הַצֵּל Prov 24:11 הַצִּ֫ילָה Ps 22:21 suffix הַצִּילֵנִי Gen 32:12 + 24 t. Imperative; Infinitive absolute הַצֵּל 2Kgs 18:30 + 4 t.; construct הַצִּיל Gen 37:22 + 23 t. Infinitive; Participle מַצִּיל Deut 32:39 + 16 t. Participle —

1. take away, snatch away, e.g. property Gen 31:9; Gen 31:10 (E) Hos 2:11, prey from the mouth of animals 1Sam 17:35; Amos 3:12; Ezek 34:10, words of ׳י from the mouth Ps 119:43 וְאֵין מַצִּיל בֵּינֵיהֶם 2Sam 14:6 and there was none to tear them apart (two fighting); עֵינֵנוּ וְהִצִּיל 2Sam 20:6 and take away our eye (elude our sight, Ges; Ew We after ᵐ5 cast shadow over our eye, denominative from צֵל Bö Th after ᵑ6 tear away our eye, harm us irretrievably, see Dr^{18 26. 2}.; HPS escape from us [מִמֶּנּוּ, as ᵐ5^L], compare Bu [וְנִצַּל]).

2. rescue, recover, e.g. cities Judg 11:26 wives and property 1Sam 30:8; 1Sam 30:18; 1Sam 30:22.

3. deliver from:
a. enemies and troubles, absolute 1Sam 12:21; Prov 19:19; Isa 50:2; Jer 39:17 אֵין מַצִּיל Judg 18:28; Job 5:4; Job 10:7; Ps 7:3; Ps 50:22; Ps 71:11; Isa 5:29; Isa 42:22; Isa 43:13; Hos 5:14; Mic 5:7 with accusative Gen 18:8 (E), Exod 5:23; Exod 12:27 (J), Deut 23:15 + 39 t.; הַצִּיל נַפְשׁוֺ Isa 44:20; Isa 47:14; Ezek 3:19; Ezek 3:21; Ezek 14:20; Ezek 33:19 with מִן from Mic 5:6 + 25 t.; מִיַּד from the hand or power of Gen 32:12; Exod 2:19 (J) + 57 t.; מִתַּחַת יַד Exod 18:10 (E); מִכַּף 2Sam 14:16; 2Sam 19:10; 2Sam 22:1 = Ps 18:1, 2Kgs 20:6 = Isa 38:6; 2Chr 32:11; Ezra 8:31.
b. from death Prov 11:16; Prov 12:6 מִמּוֺת Josh 2:13 (J), Ps 33:19; Ps 56:14; Prov 10:12 = Prov 11:4 מִשְּׁאוֺל Ps 86:13; Prov 23:14.

4. deliver from sin and guilt (in late writings), מִכָּלפְּֿשָׁעַי Ps 39:9 from all my trangression; מִדָּמִים Ps 51:6 from bloodguiltiness; הַצִּילֵנוּ וְכַפֵּר עַלחַֿטּאֹתֵינוּ Ps 79:9 deliver us and cover over all our sins; probably also כְּאִמְרָֽתְךָ הַצִּילֵנִי Ps 119:170.

Hoph`al Participle מֻצּל; — כְּאוּד מֻצָּל מִשְּׂרֵטָה Amos 4:11 as a brand plucked out of the burning; מֵאֵשׁ Zech 3:2 from the fire.

Hithpa`el וַיִּתְנַצְּלוּ אֶתעֶֿדְיָם Exod 33:6 (E) and they stripped themselves of their ornaments.

BDB9718 H5337 H5338

[נְצַל] verb Haph`el rescue, deliver (see Biblical Hebrew, Egyptian Aramaic הנצל take away, S-C^{C 10, D 18}); — of God, absolute: Participle active מַצִּל Dan 6:28, Infinitive לְהַצָּלָה Dan 3:29 of man, suffix person לְהַצָּלוּתֵהּ Dan 6:15.

Strong's Definition H5337

deliver, delivered, delivereth, recover, rid, …

nāṣal

to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense

to snatch away, deliver, rescue, save, strip, plunder

(Niphal)

to tear oneself away, deliver oneself

to strip off, spoil

to take away, snatch away

Variations 103 forms of this word

Translations 115 English renderings

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Word Parts

וַ יַּ֖ךְ

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יַּ֖ךְ

Root word smote, smite, slew, smitten, slain, …

Dictionary form: נָכָה · naw-KAW

Vowels & Accents

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Vhw3ms

Verb — Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

וַ	Speech Conjunction
יַּךְ	Speech Verb Stem Hiphil Type Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: it and slew

and smote ×52 smote ×52 smite ×23 slew ×22 and he smote ×14 and they smote ×13 and slew ×12 and smite ×12

More options

strike — Broad, everyday term; suits most physical-blow contexts.

slay — Prefer for lethal intent; slightly elevated but not archaic.

beat — Use when repeated blows or punishment are in view.

kill — Plain and direct; best when death is the clear outcome.

wound — Use when the victim survives but is injured.

slaughter — Mass or violent killing; strong register, war or sacrifice.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5192 H5221

[נָכָה]₅₀₁ verb smite (not in Qal) (Late Hebrew Hiph`il id.; Perfect 3 plural הכו SI⁴, Infinitive [ת]להכ ib. 2; Syriac , laesit, nocuit, repugnavit; Aph`el laesit, vulneravit; Ethiopic laesit, nocuit; compare Arabic be defeated, the inflicting of injury on an enemy Lane³⁰³⁸); —

Niph`al Perfect וְנִכָּה וָמֵת consecutive 2Sam 11:15 and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die.

Pu`al Perfect 3 feminine singular נֻכָּ֑תָה Exod 9:31 3 plural נֻכּוּ vExod 9:32 (J), both be smitten down by the hail.

Hiph`il₄₈₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular הִכָּה Exod 9:25 +; suffix וְהִכַּ֫נִי consecutive Gen 32:12, הִכָּם Jer 5:6 2 masculine singular הִכִּ֫יתָ Exod 17:5 +; 1 singular הִכֵּיתִי Judg 15:16 +, וְהִכֵּתִ֫י Exod 3:20 +; 3 plural הִכּוּ Gen 19:11 +; 2 masculine plural הִכִּיתֶם Jer 37:10 + 3 t. consecutive; etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַכֶּה Exod 21:20 +, יַךְ Hos 6:1 (but read וַיַּךְ We Now GASm); וְיַח Hos 14:6 (see below); וַיַּכֶּה Josh 10:40 +, usually וַיַּךְ Exod 2:12 +; suffix 2 masculine singular יַכֶּ֫כָּה Jer 40:15 + 2 t., 3 masculine singular וַיַּכּוֺ 2Sam 14:6 (but read וַיַּךְ ᵐ5. ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Th We Dr Klo Kit Bu HPS), יַכֶּ֫נּוּ 1Sam 17:25 + 2 t.; usually וַיַּכֵּ֫הוּ Num 21:24 +; 3 feminine singular וַתַּךְ Jonah 4:7; Jonah 4:8 2 masculine singular תַּכֶּה Exod 2:13 +; suffix 3 masculine singular תַּכֶּ֫נּוּ Prov 23:13; Prov 23:14 1 singular אַכֶּה 1Sam 18:11 +; וָאַכֶּה Neh 13:25, וָאַךְ Exod 9:15 3 masculine plural יַכוּ Mic 4:14 usually וַיַּכּוּ Gen 14:5 + (1Sam 4:2 read probably Hoph`al q. v.); 1 plural נַכֶּהֿ Num 22:6 וַנַךְ Deut 2:33, etc.; Imperative הַכֵּה Ezek 6:11, הַךְ Amos 9:1 +; masculine plural הַכּוּ 2Sam 13:28, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַכֵּה Deut 3:16 +, הַכּוֺת 2Kgs 3:24 (Ges^{«GKC:75ff»§ 75ff}); cstr. הַכּוֺת Gen 4:15 +, etc.; Participle מַכֶּה Exod 2:11 +; construct מַכֵּה Exod 21:12 +; plural מַכִּים 1Sam 4:8 +, etc.; —

1. a. literally, smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike, followed by accusative, ass Num 22:23; Num 22:25; Num 22:27 (בְּמַקֵּל), vNum 22:28 vNum 22:32 (all J); man Exod 21:15; Exod 21:19 (E); cheeks Job 16:10 man (on) cheek (2 accusative) Lam 3:30; Ps 3:8 man עַללְֿחִי Mic 4:14 (ב instrumental), 1Kgs 22:24 = 2Chr 18:23 eye Exod 21:26 (E); שֵׁבֶט מַכֵּךְ Isa 14:29 (figurative of conqueror); with (בׅ stone or fist Exod 21:18 (E), compare (figurative) Isa 58:4 (absolute); smite lion or bear 1Sam 17:35 strike river (with rod מַטֶּה) 1Sam 7:17 (with עַל object, + ב instrumental), v1Sam 7:20; Exod 17:5 (E; ב instrumental), also (with mantle) 2Kgs 2:8; 2Kgs 2:14 (twice in verse), compare ׳י smiting Euphrates into (לׅ seven streams Isa 11:15 dust Exod 8:12; Exod 8:13 (P); rock Exod 17:6 (E), Num 20:11 (P; ב instrumental), Ps 78:20 figurative smite earth בְּשֵׁבֶט פִּיו Isa 11:4 (of future Davidic king); strike on ground (אַ֫רְצָה; with arrows) 2Kgs 13:18, also (absolute) v2Kgs 13:18 v2Kgs 13:19 strike weapons out of (מִן) hands, Ezek 39:3 (׳י; figurative of making powerless); lintel of door Amos 9:1 barley-loaf strikes tent Judg 7:13 (in dream); in figure of regret, remorse וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֺ 2Sam 24:10 and David's heart smote him, so 1Sam 24:6 (+ עַלאֲֿשֶׁר because); of goat smiting (butting with horn) the ram, so as to break its horns Dan 8:7 (in vision); smite = hit with missile, sling-stone 1Sam 17:49 (with accusative of person + אֶלמִֿצְחוֺ), compare 2Kgs 3:25 (but text perhaps corrupt, see Benz); arrow, 1Kgs 22:34 = 2Chr 18:33 (with accusative of person + בֵּין), 2Kgs 9:24 (c. id.); of piercing, הַכּוֺת בַּחֲנִית בְּדָוִד וּבַקִּיר 1Sam 19:10 smite with the dart into David and into the wall, pin David to the wall, בַּקִּיר ׳וַיַּךְ אֶתהַֿח v1Sam 19:10, compare 1Sam 18:11, אַכֶּנּוּ בַחֲנִית וּבָאָרֶץ 1Sam 26:8.
b. smite repeatedly, beat, a man Exod 2:11; Exod 2:13 (E), Exod 5:16 (J), Neh 13:25 (מִן partitive), compare Deut 25:11 here probably also 1Kgs 20:35 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 20:37 (twice in verse) (הַכֵּה וּפָצֹעַ beating and bruising him); of Assyria under figure of taskmaster Isa 10:24 beat a woman so as to bruise her (פָּצַע) Song 5:7 beat by authority, scourge Jer 20:2; Jer 37:15; Deut 25:2; Deut 25:3 (with accusative of person + accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַכָּה רַבָּה), vDeut 25:3 compare כִּן הַכּוֺת vDeut 25:2 i.e. worthy of scourging, bastinado, (compare Dr); 2Chr 25:16; Prov 17:10; Prov 19:25; Prov 23:13; Prov 23:14 (ב instrumental); compare גֵּוִי נָחַתִּי לְמַכִּים Isa 50:6 of hail, beat down herbage etc. Exod 9:25 (twice in verse) (compare Pu`al).
c. וַיַּכּוּ כַף 2Kgs 11:12 and they clapped hands (in applause); elsewhere only Ezek., in mockery; כַּף אֶלכַּֿף Ezek 21:19; Ezek 21:22 בְּכַפְּךָ Ezek 6:11 (|| רְקַּע בְּרַגְלְךָ; accusative כַּפִּי Ezek 22:13.
d. give a thrust (with fork) into (ב) pot 1Sam 2:14 strike roots Hos 14:6 (in figurative, but וַיֵּלְכוּ We Now).
e. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound 1Kgs 8:28, so (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַכָּה) v1Kgs 8:29; 1Kgs 9:18 = 2Chr 22:6 figurative of ׳י's wounding Israel Hos 6:1 (opposed to חָבַשׁ bind up), Jer 30:14 (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb). compare smite with (ב) the tongue Jer 18:18. feminine smite, of sun, etc., with accusative of person Isa 49:10; Ps 121:6 with עַל Jonah 4:8.

2. Smite fatally:
a. (subject man) smite, with accusative, + word of killing (dying): — object lion and bear 1Sam 17:35 man Exod 21:12; Exod 21:20 (E), Josh 10:26 (JE), Josh 11:17 (D), 1Sam 17:50; 2Sam 1:15; 2Sam 2:31 (מִן partitive + ב among), 2Sam 4:7; 2Sam 14:6; 2Sam 18:15; 2Sam 21:17; 1Kgs 16:10; 2Kgs 12:22; 2Kgs 15:30; 2Kgs 25:21 = Jer 52:27; 2Kgs 25:25; Jer 41:2; Num 35:16; Num 35:17; Num 35:18; Num 35:21 (P; all with ב instrumental); with accusative + אֶלחֹֿמֶשׁ + ב instrumental 2Sam 2:23 smote him (fatally) in the belly with (on text see HPS), 2Sam 20:10, compare 2Sam 3:27; 2Sam 4:6 (but strike out ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr Bu HPS); וְהִכָּהוּ נֶפֶשׁ Deut 19:11 and he smite him in his life (mortally), and he die, compare (without word of dying) vDeut 19:6; Gen 37:21 (J), Jer 40:14; Jer 40:15 [otherwise Lev 24:17; Lev 24:18; Lev 35:15; Lev 35:30; Josh 20:3; Josh 20:9]; with prolepsis לְהַכּוֺת חֲלָלִים smite the slain Judg 20:31; Judg 20:39 + אַ֫רְצָה smite to the ground i.e. kill 2Sam 2:22; 2Sam 18:11.
b. smite, of worm gnawing or boring so as to kill plant Jonah 4:7.
c. very often = kill, slay, man or beast (c. 150 t.): Gen 4:15; Gen 8:21 (exterminate; both J), Exod 2:12; Num 21:35 (E), Josh 7:5 (מִן partitive), vJosh 7:5 (JE), Deut 19:6; Deut 21:1; Deut 27:24; Deut 27:25; Josh 11:10 (ב instrumental; all D), Lev 24:17; Lev 24:18; Lev 24:21 (twice in verse) (H), Num 35:11; Num 35:15; Num 35:21; Num 35:24; Num 35:30; Josh 9:18; Josh 20:3; Josh 20:9 (all P), Judg 15:16; 1Sam 17:9 (twice in verse); 1Sam 17:36; 2Sam 12:9 (ב instrumental), 2Kgs 9:7 (exterminate), etc.; with ב among 1Sam 23:5, מִן partitive Judg 14:19; Judg 20:45 with ב partitive slay at, work slaughter among 2Sam 23:10 (insert also in || 1Chr 11:13 see Be^{on the passage} Dr^{2Sam 23:10}), but also ב of direct object 1Sam 18:7; 1Sam 21:12; 1Sam 29:5 subject lion 1Kgs 20:36 (twice in verse) compare Jer 5:6 (figurative of judgment); ׳י subject 1Sam 6:19b (ב among, + accusative of congnate meaning with verb; 1Sam 6:19 a וַיַּךְ corrupt see ᵐ5 Th We Dr Kl Kit Bu HPS); slay firstborn Exod 12:2 (J), vExod 12:29; Num 3:13; Num 8:17; Num 33:4 (all P), Ps 78:51; Ps 105:36; Ps 135:8 God slays for (עַל) sin 2Sam 6:7 = 1Chr 13:10 (עַלאֲֿשֶׁר); slay לְפִיחֶֿרֶב Deut 13:16; Deut 20:13; (all D), Judg 18:27; Judg 21:10; 1Sam 22:9; 2Kgs 10:25; Jer 21:7; Job 1:15; Job 1:17 kill, slay, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb (מַכָּה) 1Sam 14:14; 1Kgs 20:21 (ב among), 2Chr 13:17 (בָּהֶם), 2Chr 25:13 (מֵהֶם); with accusative of person + accusative of congnate meaning with verb Josh 10:20 (JE), Esth 9:5, etc.; kill unwittingly, unintentionally הִכָּה בִבְלִי דַ֫עַת Deut 19:4; Josh 20:5 (both D).

3. Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company Gen 32:9; Gen 32:12; Gen 34:30; Josh 8:21; Judg 8:11; Judg 9:43; 2Kgs 8:21; 2Chr 21:9 attack and capture a city Judg 1:8 vJudg 1:12 = Josh 15:16 (JE), Josh 7:3; Josh 10:4 (JE), 1Sam 30:1; 1Kgs 15:20 = 2Chr 16:4; 2Kgs 15:16 (twice in verse); 1Chr 20:1; 2Chr 14:13; Jer 47:1 tents 1Chr 4:41; 2Chr 14:14 = sack a city לְפִיחֶֿרֶב (slaying inhabitants), Josh 8:24; Josh 19:47 (both J E), Josh 10:28; Josh 10:30; Josh 10:32; Josh 10:35; Josh 10:37 compare vJosh 10:39 (all D), Judg 1:25; Judg 20:37; 2Sam 15:14 especially defeat king or army (involving often overthrow, pursuit and slaughter), — approximately 95 t., — Gen 14:5; Gen 14:15; Gen 14:17; Num 14:45; Num 21:24 (JE), Josh 8:12; Josh 10:10 (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb), vJosh 10:10 (עַד location), Josh 11:8 (twice in verse) (all J E), Deut 1:4; Deut 2:33; Deut 3:3; Deut 4:46; Deut 7:2; Deut 29:6; Josh 10:33; Josh 10:40 (מִןו֯עד location), Josh 12:1; Josh 12:6; Josh 12:12; Josh 13:12 (all D); Judg 1:5; Judg 1:17; 1Sam 11:11 (עד temporal), 1Kgs 13:17 (עַדכַּֿלֵּה), 2Kgs 3:24a + v2Kgs 3:24b (where read וַיָּבֹאוּ בוֺא וְהַכּוֺת and they went on defeating), Isa 10:20; Jer 37:10, etc.; insert וַיַּךְ or הִכָּה in 2Sam 8:13 Th Ke Kit Bu compare Dr, after ᵐ5; with ב object 1Sam 14:31; 1Sam 23:2 (twice in verse) (ה locative — מִן); + לְפִי חֶרֶב Judg 20:48, etc.; of gods causing defeat 2Chr 28:23 smite land = conquer, subjugate, sometimes ravage, Gen 14:7; Josh 10:40 (D), 1Sam 27:9; Jer 43:11; Jer 46:13, compare Isa 14:6 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb); subject ׳י Num 32:4 (P); of ׳י smiting sea וְהִכָּה בַיָּם גַּלִּים Zech 10:11 (Bev^{JPhoenician xviii. 35 (1889), 88} proposes גבלים).

4. Of God,
a. smite with (ב) a plague, disease, etc.: — blindness Gen 19:11 (J), 2Kgs 6:18 (twice in verse) compare Zech 12:4 (twice in verse) (symbolic); of Egyptian plagues Exod 3:20; Exod 9:15 (both J), 1Sam 4:8, without ב Exod 7:25 (J), Exod 12:13 (P), Ps 136:10 (accusative + בִּבְכוֺרֵיהֶם); other plagues Num 14:12 (JE), Deut 28:22; Deut 28:27; Deut 28:28; Deut 28:35; 1Sam 5:6; 2Sam 24:17; Job 2:7; Amos 4:9; Hag 2:17; Mal 3:24 without ב, 1Sam 5:9; 2Kgs 19:35 = Isa 37:26; Num 11:33 (J E; בָּעָם + accusative of congnate meaning with verb); smite vines with (ב) blight Ps 105:33.
b. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon, usually with accusative, 1Kgs 14:15; 1Chr 21:7; Isa 5:25; Isa 9:12; Isa 27:7 (הַכְּמַכַּת מַכֵּהוּ הִכָּהוּ), Isa 30:31 (ב instrumental) Isa 57:17; Isa 60:10 (opposed to רִחַם) Jer 2:30; Jer 5:3; Jer 14:9; Ezek 32:15 (ᵐ5 Co זֵרָה scatter); with עִל punish for, (sin) Lev 26:24 (H).
c. of God's destroying palaces Amos 3:15; Amos 6:11 (2 accusative), compare Zech 9:4.

Hoph`al Perfect הֻכָּה Hos 9:16; Num 25:14, הוּכָּה Ps 102:5 וְהֻכָּה consecutive Exod 22:1 3 feminine singular הֻכְּתָה Ezek 33:21; Ezek 40:1 1 singular הֻכֵּ֫יתִי Zech 13:6 3 pluralהֻכּוּ 1Sam 5:12 Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיֻּכּוּ Exod 5:14 2 masculine plural תֻּכּוּ Isa 1:5 Participle מֻכֶּה Num 25:14, construct מֻכֵּה Isa 53:4 feminine מֻכָּה Num 25:15; Num 25:18 plural מֻכִּים Exod 5:16, construct מֻכֵּיֿ Jer 18:21 — be smitten:

1. = receive a blow Isa 1:5 (Judah under figure of man).

2. be wounded Zech 13:6.

3. be beaten Exod 5:14; Exod 5:16 (J).

4. be (fatally) smitten + verb of dying Exod 22:1 (E); be killed, slain Num 25:14 (twice in verse); Num 25:15; Num 25:18 (with עַל, for), מֻכֵּיחֶֿרֶב Jer 18:21 (|| הֲרֻגֵי מָ֑וֶת); so also (absolute) probably 1Sam 4:2 (read וַיֻּכּוּ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Th Dr Klo Kit, for ᵑ0 וַיַּכּוּ).

5. be attacked and captured, of city Ezek 33:21; Ezek 40:1.

6. be smitten with disease (by God) 1Sam 5:12 absolute, of ׳י's servant Isa 53:4.

7. be blighted, of plant (in figurative) Hos 9:16 (Ehpraimitic source), Ps 102:5 (heart, כָּעֵשֶׂב; both + יָבַשׁ).

Strong's Definition H5221

smote, smite, slew, smitten, slain, …

nākâ

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

to strike, smite, hit, beat, slay, kill

(Niphal) to be stricken or smitten

to smite, strike, beat, scourge, clap, applaud, give a thrust

to receive a blow

Variations 140 forms of this word

Translations 204 English renderings

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Word Parts

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar To

Particle — Direct Object Marker

אֶת	Speech Particle Type Direct Object Marker

In English

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

Strong's Definition H853

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

Variations 74 forms of this word

Translations 343 English renderings

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Word Parts

פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים

Root word a name — transliterate it ("The philistines")

Dictionary form: פְּלִשְׁתִּי · peh-lish-TEE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ngmpa

Noun — Gentilic, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"; a people-group name (like "Hittite")

פְּלִשְׁתִּים

Speech Noun Type Gentilic Gender Masculine Number Plural State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: the philistines

of the philistines ×100 the philistines ×80 and the philistines ×28 the philistine ×16 and the philistine ×6 philistine ×6 now the philistines ×4 when the philistines ×4

More options

Philistine — Standard singular form; use for individuals or as adjective.

Philistines — Standard plural; default choice for the collective people.

Philistine (adjective) — Modifies nouns, e.g. 'Philistine king' or 'Philistine army'.

the Philistines — Definite plural; use when referring to the nation as a whole.

the Philistine people — Adds clarity when ethnic or national identity needs emphasis.

the Philistine forces — Military context; makes collective reference concrete.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB6674 H6430

פְּלִשְׁתִּי₂₈₈ adjective, of a people Philistine, (οί) Φυλιστιειμ; and (not in Hexateuch) (ό) ἀλλόφυλος, (οί) ἀλλόφυλοι; — only as substantive: ׳הַפּ the Philistine (Goliath) slain by David 1Sam 17:8 + 27 t. 17, 1Sam 18:6; 1Sam 19:5; 1Sam 21:10; 1Sam 22:10 one slain byAbishai 2Sam 21:17 elsewhere plural the Philistines,:255 usually פְּלִשְׁתִּים without article, rarely ׳הַפּ 1Sam 4:7; 1Sam 7:13 + (especially with preposition ׳בַּפּ v1Sam 7:13 +, and then perhaps due to punctuators), Gen 10:14 = 1Chr 1:12; Gen 26:14; Gen 26:15; Gen 26:18; Judg 3:31 + 33 t. Judges; 1Sam 4:1 (twice in verse) + 118 t. 1 Samuel; 2Sam 1:20 + 28 t. 2 Samuel +; ׳אֶרֶץ פ Gen 21:32; Gen 21:34 + 12 t.; ׳שְׂדֵה פ 1Sam 6:1; 1Sam 27:7; 1Sam 27:11 ׳מֶלֶךְ פ Gen 26:1; Gen 26:8 ׳שָׂרֵי פ 1Sam 18:30 + 5 t.; ׳סַרְנֵי פ Josh 13:3; Judg 3:3 + 13 t.; ׳יָם פ Exod 23:31 ׳אֱלֹהֵי פ Judg 10:6. — compare כְּרֵתִי, II. כַּפְתּוֺר. On Philistines see also WMM^{As.u.Eur.387f.} Evans^{Cretan Pictographs, 100 ff.} Schw^{ZWT xxxiv. 103 f., 255}.

Strong's Definition H6430

philistines, philistine, philistim

pĕlištî

immigrants

a Pelishtite or inhabitant of Pelesheth

an inhabitant of Philistia; descendants of Mizraim who immigrated from Caphtor (Crete?) to the western seacoast of Canaan

Variations 26 forms of this word

Translations 37 English renderings

Philistine Descendants of Mizraim, son of Ham Philistines Sea of the Philistines

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Word Parts

וַ יַּ֥עַשׂ

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יַּ֥עַשׂ

Root word do, made, done, did, make, …

Dictionary form: עָשָׂה · aw-SAW

Vowels & Accents

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Vqw3ms

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

וַ	Speech Conjunction
יַּעַשׂ	Speech Verb Stem Qal Type Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: wrought

did ×123 do ×108 made ×86 to do ×85 and do ×61 he did ×59 and he made ×54 and thou shalt make ×45

More options

do — Broadest default; fits commands, descriptions, and narrative.

make — Prefer when the result is a crafted or constructed object.

perform — Good for rituals, duties, vows, or formal acts.

carry out — Emphasizes completing a directive or plan.

execute — Suits legal, judicial, or administrative actions.

accomplish — Highlights successful completion of a goal.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB6428 H6213

I. עָשָׂה₂₆₂₂ verb do, make (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; MI^{23, 26} עשתי, l.³; l.⁹ ואעש, l.²⁴ Imperative עשו; Old Hebrew proper name עשיו, אלעשה, מעשיהו; not Aramaic, and not certainly found in South Semitic languages; on Sabean see especially DHM^{SB Berl. Akkadian 1886, 849}); —

Qal₂₅₂₄ Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 3:1 +, suffix עָשָׂהוּ Hos 8:6 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽשְׂתָה Deut 22:21 +, וְעָשָׂת consecutive Lev 25:21 2 masculine singular עָשִׂיתָ Gen 3:14 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲשֶׂה Gen 18:25 +, וַיַּעֲשֶׂה 1Kgs 16:25 + 3 t., וַיַּעַשׂ Isa 5:2 +; יַעֲשֵׂה Isa 64:3, 2 masculine singular תַּעֲשֶׂה 1Sam 10:8, תַּעֲשֵׂה Gen 26:29; Josh 7:9, jussive (with אַל) תַּעַשׂ Gen 22:12 +, תַּעֲשֵׂה 2Sam 13:12; Jer 40:16 Qr (Kt תַּעַשׂ); 1 singular אֶעֱשֶׂה Gen 2:18 +, וָאֶעֱשֶׂה Ezek 20:14; Dan 8:27, וָאַעַשׂ Deut 10:3 + 4 t. Ezekiel; etc.; Imperative masculine singular עֲשֵׂה Judg 10:15 +; feminine singular עֲשִׂי Jer 6:26 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָשׂה Jer 44:17 +; עָשׂוֺ Jer 7:5 + 2 t. (Jer 4:18 van d. H. עָשׂוּ); construct עֲשׂוֺת Gen 2:4 +, עֲשׂה Gen 50:20 + 2 t., עֲשׂוֺ Gen 31:28, suffix עֲשׂתוֺ Gen 41:32 +, עֲשׂהוּ Exod 18:18, etc.; Participle active עשֶֹׁה Isa 5:5 +, suffix הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 (but see below); plural עשִֹׁים Gen 24:49 +; suffix עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10 (yet see Ges^{«GKC:124k»§ 124k}), etc.; passive עָשׂוּי Exod 3:16 +, הֶעָשׂוּ Job 41:25 (Ges^{«GKC:75k»§ 75k}); feminine עֲשׂוּיָה Ezek 21:20 +, etc.; —

I. 1. do (1560 + t.):
a. (1) with accusative active Gen 3:14 (J) Gen 20:10 (E) + often; do right in eyes of ׳י 2Kgs 12:3; 2Kgs 14:13 +, evil 2Kgs 8:18; 2Kgs 8:27 + (compare I. עַיִן 3 c); do God's commands, statutes, etc., Deut 16:12; Deut 30:8; Num 15:39 (P); חַיִל ׳ע 1Sam 14:48 + do might, i.e. mightily, valiantly; Prov 31:39 do efficiency, i.e. efficiently; = commit (offence) Lev 20:13 (H), Deut 20:18 followed by מִן particle, וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה Lev 4:2 and shall do a single one of them (things prohibited; see מִן 3 b
(d)), compare ׳וְעָשׂוּ אַחַת מִכָּלמִֿצְוֺת י vLev 4:13 vLev 4:22; Lev 5:17 (all P); do = perform a work, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַעֲשֶׂה Exod 18:20; Exod 23:12 (E), also (׳י subject) Deut 11:7; Dan 9:14; Eccl 3:11 with accusative מְלָאכָה Gen 2:2 (twice in verse) (J), Exod 20:9; Exod 20:10 = Deut 9:13 (10 Words); with accusative דְּרָכֶיךָ Isa 58:13 מְלוּכָה עַל ׳ע 1Kgs 21:7 = exercise sovereignty over; of ׳י performing signs (אֹתֹת) Josh 24:17 (E), Num 14:11; Num 14:22 (JE), Deut 11:3, so Moses Exod 4:17 and (מֹפְתִים) vExod 4:21. (2) do something to one (ל person) Gen 20:9 (E), Judg 9:56 +; with עַל reflexive Jer 26:19 do evil against ourselves; especially ׳י subject, with לְ, do good to Exod 18:9 (E), 2Kgs 8:66, or evil Gen 42:28 (E); in phrase so may God do to me, etc. 1Sam 3:17; 2Kgs 6:31 + (see יסף

Hiph`il 1.). (3) do something for one (ל person) Gen 30:31; 1Kgs 11:8 +, direct object omitted 1Sam 20:4 + ל of thing Judg 21:7; Judg 21:16 what shall we do for them, for wives ? with עַל person Neh 5:19 with dativus ethicus [dative of interest] (ל) 1Sam 10:7 with לְ, of ׳י doing kindness for 1Sam 22:3 executing vengeance for Judg 11:36 (+ מִן of enemy); ׳י doing a sign (אוֺת) for Judg 6:17 (elsewhere נָתַן אוֺת לְ), compare עֲשֵׂהעִֿמִּי אוֺת לְטוֺבָה Ps 86:17. (4) do something (in relation or intercourse) wilth (אֵת person), ׳י subject Deut 1:30 all that he did with you, Deut 10:21 (compare Ps 86:17 above), human subject 2Chr 24:24 (object שְׁפָטִים), Ruth 2:11. (5) seldom with ב, usually of executing judgment upon 1Sam 28:18; Isa 48:14, more generally Esth 1:15 what shall we do with the queen ? also, subject ׳י, Ezek 25:11; Ezek 28:26; Ps 149:7; Ps 149:9; Num 33:4 (on false gods); in good sense, ׳חֲסָדִים בּ ׳ע Neh 13:14. (6) of ׳י doing the justice (מִשְׁפַּט) of any one, i.e. maintaining his cause 1Kgs 8:45; 1Kgs 8:49; Ps 9:5. (7) with adverb do thus, כֹּה, Josh 6:14 (JE), according to, כְּ Gen 6:22 (P), Gen 18:21 (J), 1Kgs 2:6 accusative as, כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:19 (J); Exod 1:17 (E) +; with בְּ of manner, Judg 9:16a, Ezek 8:18; Ezek 25:15.
b. work for (ל of thing) Gen 30:30 (J); with ל person 1Sam 14:6; Ezek 29:20 (for ׳י); work in (ב) gold or other material 1Kgs 7:14; 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:13; Exod 31:4; Exod 31:5; Exod 35:32 (all P); with בָּהּ (i.e. בָּעֲבֹדָה) Exod 5:9 (J) in toil; work with (עִם) God 1Sam 14:45, so probably of God's working with (אֵת) Moses and Aaron 1Sam 12:6 (usually appoint); with אֵת with (of person in whose company, in whose field Ruth 2:19 (twice in verse) (gleaning); work בְּחֵפֶץ כַּפֶּיהָ Prov 31:13 without preposition Exod 36:1; Neh 3:28.

2. deal with, with עִם, 2Chr 2:2; Dan 1:13 (כַּאֲשֶׁר accusative as); with אֵת, Ezek 20:44; Ps 109:21; Ezek 22:14; Zeph 3:19 (perhaps; Gr Now insert כָּלָה, see II 1 g), + כְּ Jer 21:2, + בְּ of manner Ezek 23:25; Ezek 23:29 with לְ person + בְּ Ezek 25:12 with בְּ person, Jer 18:23; Dan 11:7, + כְּ according to Neh 9:24; Esth 3:11.

3. often in phrase, do kindness (חֶסֶד) with: with (עִמָּדִ) עִם Gen 19:19; Gen 24:12; Gen 12:14 (J), Judg 1:24; Judg 8:35; 1Sam 15:6; 2Sam 2:5; 2Sam 10:2 = 1Chr 19:2 +; with עַל, 1Sam 20:8 (but read עִם Vrss We Dr and others); absolute, Ps 109:16 object חֶסֶד + אֱמֶת, with עִם, Josh 2:14 (JE) Judg 9:19; 2Sam 2:6 with אֵת with, Gen 24:49; Gen 32:11; Gen 47:29 (all J); with לְ, Exod 20:6 = Deut 5:10; 2Sam 22:51 = Ps 18:51 so טוֺב ׳ע, with עִם, Gen 26:29 (J), compare Judg 8:35; Judg 9:16 with אֵת with, 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 2:6.

4. absolute act, act with effect, especially of ׳י, 1Kgs 8:32; 1Kgs 8:39; Jer 14:7; Ezek 20:9; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ps 22:32; Ps 37:5; Ps 52:11; Dan 9:19 of men 2Chr 31:21; Dan 8:12; Dan 8:24; Dan 11:28; Dan 11:30; Dan 11:32 with ל of person Ezek 31:11.

II. 1. make (670 + t.):
a. with object concrete, ark Gen 8:6, altar Gen 13:4, idols Judg 18:24; Judg 18:31 +, etc.
b. often of God's making (creating) Gen 3:1 (J), Gen 1:7; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:25 (P), Neh 9:6; Job 9:9; Prov 8:26; 2Chr 2:11; Ps 95:5 +; making man Ps 100:3; Ps 119:73 (made by God's hands), in the womb Job 31:15 (twice in verse); making, constituting, nation Deut 26:19; Deut 32:6; Deut 32:15 participle suffix עשֵֹׁהוּ his Maker Isa 17:7; Prov 14:31; Prov 17:5 (הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 is improbable, most read הֶעָשָׂוּי, with various interpretation of following words); עשֶֹׁךָ Isa 51:13, עשֵֹׁנִי Job 32:23 (Ginsb; vJob 32:22 van d. H. Baer), עשֵֹׁנוּ Ps 95:6 so apparently plural participle עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10, עשַֹׁיִךְ Isa 54:5 (Ges^{«GKC:124k»§ 124k} explanation as sg.).
c. make something, with לְ reflexive, make for thee Exod 20:4; Deut 9:12; Deut 10:1 +, for (ל) another 1Sam 2:19; 2Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 2:24 +; object מִשְׁתֶּה banquet Gen 40:20; Esth 5:4, also (no ל) Gen 29:22 (E) Judg 14:10; Esth 5:5; Esth 5:12 and (figurative, ׳י subject) Isa 25:6 with ל of thing, Deut 22:8 with ל of animal Gen 33:17 (J).
d. make a name (שֵׁם) for oneself (ל) 2Sam 7:9; 1Chr 17:8, also (no ל) 2Sam 8:13 a new heart for oneself (ל) Ezek 18:31.
e. make war with (אֶת) Gen 14:2; Josh 11:18 (D); with עִם, Deut 20:12; Deut 20:20; 1Chr 5:10; 1Chr 5:19 absolute 1Chr 22:8 with ל reflexive Prov 24:6 participle עשֵֹׁה מִלְחָמָה 2Chr 11:1; 2Chr 26:11; 2Chr 26:13 make peace, with ל person Josh 9:15 (J); אִתִּי בְרָכָה ׳ע 2Kgs 18:31 make an agreement with me. feminine with ב, ׳פֶּרֶץ בּ ׳ע Judg 21:15 ׳י brought a catastrophe upon (compare פרץ).
g. with 2 accusative, make something out of (accusative mater.) Exod 25:18; Exod 28:13; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:24; Song 3:10; Deut 10:3 +; make something into something (Ges^{«GKC:117ii»§ 117ii}) Hos 8:4; Gen 27:9; Judg 17:4; Num 11:8; Num 17:3; Ps 104:4 make something כָּלָה, i. e. utterly destroy it Nah 1:8; Zeph 1:18; Ezek 20:17; Neh 9:31 c. passive participle as 2nd accusative Exod 38:7 they made it נְבוּב לֻחֹת hollow with boards, Exod 39:9 but also with accusative + לְ, Hos 2:10 gold they made into (ל) the Baal, Judg 8:27; Exod 27:3 (P), Deut 9:14; Jer 37:15; Ezek 4:9; Isa 44:17; Isa 44:19 make something for (ל person), + מִן of material Song 3:9.

2. produce, yield: of grain, yielding meal Hos 8:7 (twice in verse), vineyard, grapes Isa 5:2 (twice in verse); Isa 5:4 (twice in verse); Isa 5:10, tree, fruit 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31; Hos 9:16; Jer 12:2; Jer 17:8; Ezek 17:23 (all figurative), Gen 1:11; Gen 1:12 (P); branches Job 14:9 and (figurative) Ezek 17:8 land, fruit Lev 25:21 compare Hab 3:17, absolute Gen 41:47 of seed Isa 5:10, vine, shoots Ezek 17:6 (figurative); of cows, yielding milk Isa 7:22 hippop. producing fat Job 15:27.

3. prepare, especially of dressing and cooking food, Gen 18:7; Gen 18:8; Judg 6:19; Judg 13:5; 1Sam 25:18 (passive), 2Sam 12:4 (twice in verse); Gen 27:14; Gen 27:17; Gen 27:31; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:7; 1Kgs 17:12; Exod 12:39 (+ ל reflexive); a bullock for sacrifice (see below) 1Kgs 18:23; 1Kgs 18:25; 1Kgs 18:26 כְּלֵי גוֺלָה Ezek 12:3 (+ ל reflexive); a chamber Neh 13:7 prepare to build (+ ל person and infinitive).

4. make offering, e.g. עוֺלָה Judg 13:16; Jer 33:18; Lev 16:24, עוֺלָה וָזֶבַח 2Kgs 5:17 (+ ל of deity), הַחַטָּאת Lev 14:19, אִשֶּׁה Num 15:3; Num 15:14, various offerings 1Kgs 8:64; Lev 9:22; Ezek 45:17; Ezek 46:2 +; + ׳לי to ׳י Lev 17:9 +; also with accusative of thing sacrificed (perhaps originally prepare or provide, see above) Ezek 43:25 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:15; Lev 14:30; Lev 15:15; Lev 15:30; Lev 16:9; Num 6:11; Num 6:17; Ps 66:15 (+ ל of deity) +; absolute = offer sacrifice Exod 10:25 (E + ׳לי), to (ל) heathen gods 2Kgs 17:32.

5. attend to, put in order: pare (the nails) Deut 21:12 wash (feet) 2Sam 19:25 trim (beard) v.2Sam 19:25 (compare French faire la barbe, German die Haare machen).

6. observe, celebrate, religious festival, e.g. passover Exod 12:48; Num 9:4; Num 9:6; Num 9:13; Josh 5:10, also (+ ׳לי) Exod 12:48; Num 9:10; Num 9:14 (all P), Deut 16:1 +; sabbath Exod 31:16; Deut 5:15 feast of weeks Deut 16:10, booths Deut 16:13, Purim Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27, etc.

7. acquire property of various kinds (compare 'make money') Gen 12:5; Gen 31:5 (J), Isa 15:7; Jer 17:11; Jer 48:36; Deut 8:18; Ezek 22:18; Ezek 28:4 (twice in verse); Ezek 38:12; 2Chr 32:29; Eccl 2:8 + ל reflexive Deut 8:17; 2Sam 15:1; 1Kgs 1:5 of fruits from vineyards, etc. Ps 107:37.

8. appoint priests 1Kgs 12:31; 1Kgs 13:33; 2Chr 2:17 (all + מִן source), a feast 1Kgs 12:32; 1Kgs 12:33 (+ ל person); ordain a sacrifice Num 28:6, a festal day Ps 118:24 institute, אוֺב וְיִדְּעֹנִי ghost and familiar spirit 2Kgs 21:6 = 2Chr 33:6 (compare Dr^{Deut 18:11}).

9. bring about, of ׳י's effecting a deliverance Exod 14:13 (לָכֶם), 1Sam 11:13; 2Sam 23:10 (insert also || 1Chr 11:13 Dr), v1Chr 11:12 cause, followed by clause with שֶׁ Eccl 3:14.

10. use, לִמְלַאכְתּוֺ ׳וְע 1Sam 8:16 passive Exod 38:24.

11. spend, pass, days of life Eccl 6:12. Niph`al₉₇ Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲשָׂה Judg 16:11 +; 3 feminine singular נֶעֶשְׂתָה 2Sam 17:23 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָשֶׂה Gen 29:26 +, 3 feminine singular with ו subordinate וְתֵעָשׂ Esth 5:6; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 (Ges^{«GKC:109»§ 109} f.), etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָשׂוֺת Esth 9:1; Esth 9:14, etc., Participle נַעֲשֶׂה Neh 5:18, etc.; —

1. be done (passive of Qal I 1):
a. subject מְלָאכָה Judg 16:11 (with ב instrumental), Neh 6:16 (with מֵאֵת אֱלֹהִים ), vNeh 6:9; Exod 12:16 + 4 t.; subject omitted Ezek 44:14, indefinite Esth 4:1 with כֵּן Esth 9:14 be done, כַּתּוֺרָה Ezra 10:3 be committed, of offence, Deut 13:15; Num 15:24; Eccl 4:1 + 3 t.; with negative not (yet) done, i.e. future Isa 46:10 be accomplished, performed, fulfilled Ezek 12:35; Ezek 12:38; Dan 11:36; Esth 5:5; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 be executed, carried out, of sentence Eccl 8:11, decree Esth 9:1 be followed, of counsel 2Sam 17:28 nearly = occur Eccl 1:9 (twice in verse); Eccl 1:13; Eccl 9:3; Eccl 9:6, subject מַעֲשֶׂה Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 4:3; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:17, subject הֶבֶל vEccl 8:14, עִנְיָן vEccl 8:15.
b. Imperfect with negative, is (are) not done, not according to usage, of flagrant offences Gen 20:9 (E), Gen 29:26 (with כֵּן), Gen 34:7 (both J), 2Sam 13:12 (כֵּן); hence (P) not to be done, forbidden by ׳י Lev 4:2; Lev 4:13; Lev 4:22; Lev 4:27; Lev 5:17.
c. be done to, with ל of animal 1Sam 11:7 (כֹּה); ל person Exod 2:4 (E) Exod 21:31 (E; כַּמִּשְׁפָּט), Isa 3:11; Jer 5:13 (כֹּה), Lev 24:19 (H; כֵּן), Num 15:34 (P) + 8 t.; be done for, ל person Judg 11:37; Esth 6:3, עִם person vEsth 6:3 ל of thing Num 15:11 (כָּכָה).
d. be done upon, against (ב) Dan 9:12.

2. (passive of Qal II):
a. be made, of conr. things 1Kgs 10:20 = 2Chr 9:19 (throne), Jer 3:16 (ark), 2Kgs 12:14; Ezek 43:18; Exod 25:31; Num 4:36 (P); with accusative mat; Lev 2:7.
b. be produced from (מִן) vine Num 6:4.
c. be prepared, of food Exod 12:16; Lev 6:14; Lev 7:9 (all P), Neh 5:18 (twice in verse).
d. be offered, מִנְחָה Lev 2:8; Lev 2:11, kid Num 28:15; Num 28:24.
e. be observed, passover 2Kgs 24:22; 2Kgs 24:23 (ל of deity) = 2Chr 35:18; 2Chr 35:19 Purim Esth 9:28. feminine be used + ל of thing Lev 7:24 (P); Lev 13:51 (P) Ezek 15:5 (twice in verse). Pu`al Perfect 1 singular עֻשֵּׂיתִי Ps 139:15 I was made.

BDB6436 H6213

II. [עָשָׂה] verb Pi`el press, squeeze (Late Hebrew עִשָּׂה Pi`el compel; ᵑ7 עַסִּי Pa`el crush, gnash (teeth); compare Arabic compress a woman); — Perfect 3 plural עִשּׂוּ דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלִים Ezek 23:3; Ezek 23:8 (unchaste act); Infinitive construct בַּעֲשׂוֺתדַּ֗֗֗דַּיִךְ vEzek 23:21 read Pi`el בְּעַשּׂוֺת (Ew Co Toy, and others).

Strong's Definition H6213

do, made, done, did, make, …

ʿāśâ

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

to do, fashion, accomplish, make

(Qal)

to do, work, make, produce

to do

to make

to be done

Variations 318 forms of this word

Translations 921 English renderings

Search every verse

Word Parts

יְהוָ֖ה

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And the lord")

Dictionary form: יְהֹוָה · yeh-hoh-WAW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

יְהוָה

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: and the lord

the lord ×2811 of the lord ×1522 and the lord ×457 unto the lord ×342 o lord ×222 am the lord ×158 lord ×67 to the lord ×60

More options

the LORD — Standard modern Bible convention; small-caps signal the divine name.

YHWH — Preserves the Hebrew tetragrammaton; used in scholarly translations.

Yahweh — Reconstructed pronunciation; preferred in academic and some modern versions.

the Lord — General rendering when small-caps convention is unavailable.

God — Use only where context clearly equates YHWH with generic deity.

the Eternal — Captures timeless-existence nuance; used in some progressive translations.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

יהוה_{c. 6823} i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺה^C518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה₃₀₅ (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philo^{de Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529}), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö^{§ 88}). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see Lag^{Sym i.14} Baud^{Studien i.179 ff.}; Dr^{Stud.Bib.i.1 ff.} For Jeve see Sta^{ZAW 1881, 346} De^{ib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.}

2. on literature of interpretations see Nes^Eg.67 Dr^{l.c. — Many recent scholars explain} יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, Nes^Eg.88 (but Nes^{Eg.91 inclines to Qal as} RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev} see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RS^{OTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245}, compare We^{Skizzen iii.175}; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, Sta^G.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876}, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ew^infr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Dr^l.c.17)).

**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by Bau^{Rel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230)}; Dl^{Pa 162 ff.} claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kue^{national Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.)} Jastr^{JBL xiil {1894}, 103 f.} compare Hpt^{BAS i. 170 N}; Dl^{Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f.} makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially Hirsch^{ZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff.} Zim^{KATS. 465 ff.}; Spiegelb^{ZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff.} proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in Kö^{EB NAMES, § 112 and n.3}. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to Schw^{ThLZ, 1905, col. 612}.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare Ew^{BTh ii. 337, 338} RS^{l.c., Proph. 385 ff.} Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc Lag^{Psalt.Hieron.156}); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich We^JD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI¹⁸. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b Dl^{Pa 158 ff.} Dr^{Stud. Bib. i. 7 ff}.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D²); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D² 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D² 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by R^P as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.

2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.

3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — Bonk^{ZAW 1891, 126 ff.} seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB3475 H3068

׳יְהוֺ proper name compounded with, see below יהוה above.

BDB3483 H3068 H3069

יהוה proper name, of deity, see below הוה.

BDB3489 H3068 H3097

׳יו = ׳יְהוֺ proper name compounded with, see below יהוה above: — namely יוֺאָב, יוֺאָח, יוֺאָחָז, יוֺאֵל, יוֺאָשׁ, יוֺיָכִין, יוֺיָקִים, יוֺיָרִיב, יוֺעֵד, יוֺעָשׁ, יוֺקִים, יוֺרָם, יוֺתָם, etc.

Strong's Definition H3068

lord, lords, god, jehovah, jehovah-jireh, …

yĕhōwâ

the existing One

(the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God

the proper name of the one true God

unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of H0136

Variations 44 forms of this word

Translations 243 English renderings

Yahweh Creator

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Word Parts

תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה

Root word salvation, deliverance, help, safety, victory

Dictionary form: תְּשׁוּעָה · teh-shoo-AW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncfsa

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

תְּשׁוּעָה

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: victory

salvation ×5 deliverance ×4 and thy salvation ×2 help ×2 is the help ×2 there is safety ×2 victory ×2 and my salvation ×1

More options

deliverance — Broad, concrete rescue from danger or oppression.

salvation — Prefer for theological or spiritual contexts.

rescue — Vivid and immediate; suits urgent, narrative contexts.

victory — Best when military triumph is the primary sense.

safety — Emphasizes the resulting state of security or protection.

help — Understated; use when aid rather than full rescue is implied.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3822 H8668

תְּשׁוּעָה ( תְּשֻׁעָה 2Sam 19:3) noun feminine deliverance, salvation = יְשׁוּעָה (formed by false analogue, as if from √ שׁוע, in sense of ישׁע; most assign it to שׁוע, but no sufficient evidence for existence of such a √; compare Kö^{ii. 200}) — absolute ׳ת 1Sam 11:9 + 19 t.; construct Jer 3:23 + 5 t.; suffix תְּשׁוּעָתִי Isa 46:13 + 2 t.; תְּשׁוּעָֽתְךָ Ps 40:11 + 2 t.; תְּשׁוּעָתֶ֑ךָ vPs 40:17; Ps 71:15 —

1. deliverance, usually by God, through human agency, especially from oppression 1Sam 11:9, and in battle 1Chr 19:12 (הוֺשׁיע in || clause), = victory Judg 15:18 (׳בְּיַד וגו ׳נָתַתָּ ת), 2Kgs 5:1, ׳י ׳עשׂה ת 1Sam 11:13 ׳י wrought a great victory, so 1Sam 19:5; 2Sam 19:3; 2Sam 23:10; 2Sam 23:12; 2Sam 1:14 (as accusative of congnate meaning with verb after הושׁיע), Prov 21:31; Ps 33:17 (נושׁע in || vPs 33:16); למלכים ׳הַנּוֺתֵן ת Ps 144:10 so in phrase ליהוה ׳חֵץתֿ 2Kgs 13:17, בַּאֲרָם ׳חֵץתֿ v2Kgs 13:17 of national deliverance, from exile, עולמים ׳נוֺשַׁע יִשְׂרָאֵל ת Isa 45:17 (Da^{Synt.:§ 67 b}), Isa 46:13 (|| צְדָקָה), vIsa 46:13 (with נתן; || תִּפְאֶרֶת); in general of national success and prosperity Jer 3:23; Prov 11:14 = Prov 24:6 of deliverance from personal trouble Ps 37:39; Lam 3:26 (׳תְּשׁוּעַת י) or of national deliverance under figure of personal Ps 40:11 (|| אֱמוּנָָֽתְךָ), vPs 40:17; Ps 71:15 (|| צְדָקָח), so תְּשׁוּעָתִי ׳י Ps 38:23 contrasted with ׳י's deliverance is תְּשׁוּעַת אָדָם deliverance of (through) man Ps 60:13 = Ps 108:13, compare Ps 146:3.

2. more exclusively spiritual in sense, = salvation, appear to be אֱלֹהֵי תְשׁוּעָתִי Ps 51:16; Ps 119:41 (|| חֲסָדֶךָ), vPs 51:81, and ׳כֹּהֲנֶיךָ יִלְבְּשׁוּ ת 2Chr 6:41 (from כהניה אלברשׁ יֵשַׁע Ps 132:16).

Strong's Definition H8668

salvation, deliverance, help, safety, victory

tĕšûʿâ

rescue (literal or figurative, persons, national or spiritual)

salvation, deliverance

deliverance (usually by God through human agency)

Variations 19 forms of this word

Translations 22 English renderings

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Word Parts

גְדוֹלָֽה

Root word great, high, greater, loud, greatest, …

Dictionary form: גָּדוֹל · ɡaw-DOLE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Aafsa

Adjective — feminine singular, absolute state

גְדוֹלָֽה

Speech Adjective Type Adjective Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: a great

great ×109 a great ×52 the great ×34 with a loud ×18 and great ×16 with a great ×16 the high ×15 with great ×14

More options

great — Most versatile modern rendering; fits most contexts.

large — Prefer for physical size or measurable magnitude.

mighty — Best for power, strength, or awe-inspiring scale.

loud — Use specifically for voices, sounds, or cries.

elder — When describing seniority or rank among people.

significant — Fits abstract or formal contexts; stresses importance.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1498 H1419

גָּדוֺל₅₂₂ adjective great — ׳גGen 4:13 + 279 t.; גָּדֹל Deut 26:8 + 22 t.; construct גְּדוֺל Ezek 17:3; Ezek 17:7; Jer 32:19, גְּדָלֿ Prov 19:19, גְּדָו֯לֿ Ps 145:8; Nah 1:3 suffix גְּדוֺלָם Jer 6:13 + 2 t.; plural גְּדוֺלִים Exod 7:4 + 11 t., גְּדֹלִים Gen 12:17 + 22 t.; construct גְּדֹלֵי 2Kgs 10:6 suffix גְּדֹלָיו 2Kgs 10:11; Jonah 3:7 גְּדוֺלֶיהָNah 3:10 feminine גְּדוֺלָה Num 22:18 + 96 t.; גְּדֹלָה Gen 15:12 + 31 t.; plural גְּדוֺלֹת Neh 9:26; Neh 12:31, גְּדֹלוֺת Deut 27:2 + 30 t., גְּדֹלֹת Num 13:28 + 7 t.; — great,

1. in magnitude and extent, e.g. sea Num 34:6, river Gen 15:18, wilderness Deut 1:19, rain 1Kgs 18:45, mountain Zech 4:7, city Gen 10:12, house Jer 52:13, altar Josh 22:10, throne 2Chr 9:17, sea-monsters Gen 1:21, fish Jonah 2:1, eagle Ezek 17:3, terebinth 2Sam 18:9, substance Gen 15:14, wealth Dan 11:2, victory 1Sam 19:5; 1Sam 19:22 בּוֺר הַגָּדוֺל read הַגֹּרֶן ׳ב according to ᵐ5 We Dr.

2. in number, e.g. nation Gen 12:2, congregation Jer 31:8, camp 1Chr 12:22, army Ezek 17:17, sacrifice 2Kgs 10:19, slaughter Deut 28:59; 1Sam 4:17.

3. in intensity, fear Deut 4:34, weeping Isa 38:3, power כּחַ Exod 32:11, joy Jonah 4:6, anger Deut 29:23, indignation Jer 21:5, sin Gen 20:9, iniquity Gen 4:13, evil Gen 39:9, trespass Ezek 9:7.

4. in sound, loud voice Gen 39:14, cry Exod 11:6, shout Josh 6:5.

5. in age, elder, eldest, son Gen 27:1, daughter Gen 29:16, brother Gen 10:21, sister Ezek 16:46.

6. in importance,
a. things (הַ)דָּבָר (הַ)גָּדֹל an important thing or affair Exod 18:22; Deut 4:32; 1Sam 12:16; 2Kgs 5:12; 2Kgs 8:13 יום יהוה Jer 30:7; Hos 2:2; Joel 2:11; Joel 3:4; Zeph 1:14; Mal 3:23.
b. of men, great, distinguished, Moses Exod 11:3, David 2Sam 5:10, Job Job 1:3, Mordecai Esth 9:4, kings Eccl 9:14; Jer 27:7 especially of king of Assyr. הַמֶּלֶךְ הַגָּדוֺל 2Kgs 18:19; 2Kgs 18:28 = Isa 36:4; Isa 36:18, = Assyrian šarru rabbu, šarru dannu, e.g. KB^{i. 94, 1. 1}; הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֺל the h.p. Lev 21:10 + 20 t.; (הָ)אִישׁ גָּדוֺל 1Sam 25:2; 2Sam 19:33; 2Kgs 5:1 אִשָּׁה גְדוֺלָה 2Kgs 4:8 גָּדוֺל a great man 2Sam 3:38; Mic 7:3 לֹא תֶהְדַּר פְּנֵי גָדוֺל thou shalt not honour (favour) the person of a great man (opposed to דָּל) Lev 19:15 (H); (הַ)גְּדוֺלִים the great 2Sam 7:9 = 1Chr 17:8; Neh 11:14 (see below) Prov 18:16; Prov 25:6; Jer 5:5 (2Kgs 10:11 ᵐ5^L ἀγχιστεύοντας, Klo גֹּאֲלָיו); further גְּדֹלֵי הָעִיר 2Kgs 10:6 (כָּלֿ)גְּדֹלָיו 2Kgs 10:11; Jonah 3:7 כָּלֿ גְּדוֺלֶיהָ Nah 3:10.
c. of God, himself 2Chr 2:4; Neh 4:8; Neh 8:6; Ps 86:10; Ps 99:2; Ps 135:5; Ps 147:5; Isa 12:6; Jer 10:6 (הָ)אֵל (הַ)גָּדוֺל Deut 7:21; Deut 10:17; Neh 1:5; Neh 9:32; Ps 77:14; Ps 95:3; Jer 32:18; Dan 9:4 גדול מכל האלהים Exod 18:11 גדול ומהלל מאד 1Chr 16:25; Ps 48:2; Ps 96:4; Ps 145:3 מלך גדול Ps 47:3; Ps 95:3; Mal 1:14 his works Deut 11:7; Judg 2:7; Ps 111:2, glory Ps 21:6; Ps 138:5, name Josh 7:9; 1Sam 12:22; 1Kgs 8:42; 2Chr 6:32; Ps 76:2; Ps 99:3; Jer 10:6; Jer 44:26; Ezek 36:23; Mal 1:11 (twice in verse), mercy 1Kgs 3:6; 2Chr 1:8; Ps 57:11; Ps 86:13; Ps 108:5, goodness Neh 9:25, compassion Isa 54:7.

7. in phrases עוֺד הַיּוֺם גָּדוֺל it is yet high day (French grand jour, German hoch am Tage, the day is at its height) Gen 29:7 כַּקָּטֹן כַּגָּדֹל (or reverse) as well small as great Deut 1:17; 1Chr 25:8; 1Chr 26:13; 2Chr 31:15 (לְ)מִקָּטֹן וְעַד גָּדוֺל (or reverse) from small to great Gen 19:11; 1Sam 5:9; 1Sam 30:2; 1Sam 30:19; 2Kgs 23:2; 2Kgs 25:26; 2Chr 15:13; 2Chr 34:30; Esth 1:5; Esth 1:20; Jer 6:13; Jer 8:10; Jer 31:34; Jer 42:1; Jer 42:8; Jer 44:12; Jonah 3:5.

8. construct גְּדֹל (הַ)כְּנָפַיִם great of wings Ezek 17:8; Ezek 17:7, so of anger Prov 19:19 (Qr); usually of God, in power Nah 1:3, counsel Jer 32:19, mercy Ps 145:8.

9. as substantive concrete עשׂה גדלות do great things, of God's great acts of redemption and judgement Deut 10:21; Job 5:9; Job 9:10; Job 37:5; Ps 71:19; Ps 106:21 of the miracles of Elisha 2Kgs 8:4 of things too great and so presumptuous, haughty ׳תבקשׁ ג Jer 45:5 ׳מדברת גPs 12:4 לא ׳הלכתי בג Ps 131:1 (compare Biblical Aramaic Dan 7:8; Dan 7:11; Dan 7:20 also Rev 13:5).

10. as substantive neuter greatness of arm Exod 15:16 compare גָּבֹהַּ

4.

Strong's Definition H1419

great, high, greater, loud, greatest, …

gādôl

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

(adj) great

large (in magnitude and extent)

important things

Variations 61 forms of this word

Translations 152 English renderings

Great Sea Haggedolim A priest mentioned in Nehemiah's time.