2 Samuel 23:31

אֲבִֽי עַלְבוֹן֙ הָֽעַרְבָתִ֔י עַזְמָ֖וֶת הַבַּרְחֻמִֽי
Abi-albon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite,
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

אֲבִֽי
אֲבִֽי
Root word a name — transliterate it
Dictionary form: אָב · awb

Noun — Proper Name

his father ×133 of their fathers ×94 his fathers ×86 my father ×80 thy father ×51 of the fathers ×44 the father ×41 their fathers ×30
More options
father — Default choice; direct, natural, widely understood.
ancestor — Prefer when referring to distant forebears or lineage.
forefather — Slightly more formal; good for ancestral or covenantal contexts.
patriarch — Use for tribal or clan heads with religious authority.
family head — Highlights household-leader role in social/legal contexts.
founder — Suits contexts emphasizing originating or establishing a line.

BDB17 H1

BDB16 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB18

אָב1191 noun masculine father (Phoenician אב, Assyrian abu, Arabic , Sabean אב CISiv, 1, 37 1. 2 and others, Ethiopic Aramaic אַבָּא, — absolute אָב Gen 44:19 + 47 t.; construct אַב Gen 17:4; Gen 17:5 (compare in אַבְרָהָם ib. & elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposed אֲבִר see אברהם); אֲבִי (compare Ge§§ 90, 3b, 96) Gen 4:20 +; suffix אָבִי Gen 19:34 + (MI אבי); אָבִיךָ Gen 12:1 +; אָבִיו Gen 2:24 +; אָבִ֫יהוּ Judg 14:10 + 6t.; plural אָבוֺת Exod 12:3 +; construct אֲבוֺת Exod 6:25 + 7 t.; suffix אֲבוֺתַי (אֲבֹתַי, אֲבוֺתָ֑י) Gen 47:9 + 15 t.; אֲבוֺתֵיהֶם 1Chr 4:38 + 32 t. (late); אֲבוֺתָם Exod 4:5 + 106 t. etc.; —

1. father of individual Gen 2:24 (+ אֵם) Gen 11:28; Gen 11:29 (twice in verse); Gen 19:31; Gen 19:32; Gen 19:33, + often (mostly J E D); of father as commanding Gen 50:16 (J) Jer 35:6 f Prov 6:20 (compare Gen 18:19 J Gen 28:1; Gen 28:6 P 1Sam 17:20; 1Kgs 2:1); instructing מוסר Prov 1:8; Prov 4:1 (compare Deut 8:5); specifically as begetter, genitor Prov 23:22; Zech 13:3 (twice in verse) (+ אֵם) Isa 45:10 compare Gen 49:4 (J) Lev 18:7; Lev 18:8; Lev 18:11 (P); rebuking Gen 37:10 loving Gen 37:4; Gen 44:20 (J E; compare Gen 22:2; Gen 25:28; Gen 37:3; 2Sam 14:1); pitying Ps 103:13 (in simile compare 2Sam 18:5); blessing Gen 27:41 (J E compare Gen 27:4 also Gen 28:1 P +); as glad Prov 10:1; Prov 15:20 compare Prov 29:3 grieving Gen 37:35 (J E; compare 2Sam 12:22; 2Sam 19:1; 2Sam 19:2 f) etc. Also as object of honour, obedience, love Exod 20:12 (E) = Deut 5:16; Exod 21:15; Exod 21:17 (E) Deut 21:18; Deut 21:19; Gen 28:7 (P) 1Kgs 19:20 (all + אֵם), 1Kgs 50:1; 1Kgs 50:5 (J) Mal 1:6 etc. Hence metaphor of intimate connection Job 17:14 to corruption I cry, My father art thou (|| אִמִּי וַאֲחֹתִי לָֽרִמָּה).
2. of God as father of his people (see RSSem 42), who constituted, controls, guides and lovingly watches over it: Deut 32:6; Jer 3:4; Jer 3:19; Jer 31:9; Isa 63:16 (twice in verse); Isa 64:7; Mal 1:6; Mal 2:10 (compare Exod 4:22; Exod 19:4 (JE) Deut 32:11; Hos 11:1); compare Jer 2:27 (of idolatrous Israel) אֹמְרִים לָעֵץ אָבִי אַתָּה וְלָאֶבֶן אַתְּ ילדתני׃; especially God as father of Davidic line 2Sam 7:14; Ps 89:27 f. of needy (late) Ps 68:6 (compare Ps 103:13) (in proper name, f. of individual, compare below)
3. head of household, family or clan; בֵּית אָבִי as abode Gen 38:11 (twice in verse); Lev 22:13 +; = family Gen 24:40 (|| מִשְׁפַּחְתִּי) Gen 41:51; Gen 46:31 + compare Num 18:1; Num 18:2; Josh 2:12; Josh 2:18; Josh 6:25 especially techn. of divisions of Israel בֵּית אָב לְמִשְׁפָּחוֺת Num 3:30; Num 3:35 = a father's house, i.e. a family or clan; more often plural (אבותם, אבותיו) בֵית אָבוֺת = father's houses = families, clans (compare Di on Exod 6:14) Exod 6:14; Exod 12:3; Num 1:2; Num 1:18 ff (often in Numbers) Josh 14:1; Josh 19:51; Josh 21:1 (twice in verse); Josh 22:14 (twice in verse) (always P in Hexateuch); also 1Chr 5:13; 1Chr 5:15 + often in Chronicles; compare רָאשֵׁי אבות הלוים (= ׳בית א ׳ר) Exod 6:25 compare 1Kgs 8:1; 1Chr 6:4; 1Chr 7:11 + often Chronicles Ezra Nehemiah.
4. ancestor (a) of individual; grandfather (instead of precise term) Gen 28:13; Gen 32:10 (J; where used by Jacob of Abraham & then of Isaac); greatgrandfather 1Kgs 15:13 great-greatgrandfather 1Kgs 15:11 etc.; oft plural (= fathers, forefathers) Gen 15:15; Gen 46:34 (JE) 1Kgs 19:4; 1Kgs 21:3; 1Kgs 21:4; 2Kgs 19:12; 2Kgs 20:17 +; particularly שׁכב עם אבותיו 1Kgs 1:21; 1Kgs 2:10; 1Kgs 11:21; 1Kgs 22:40 +; joined with ׳ויקבר עם אב 1Kgs 14:31; 1Kgs 15:24; 1Kgs 22:51; 2Kgs 8:24; 2Kgs 15:38 compare v2Kgs 15:7, 2Kgs 16:20 + (all of kings of Judah); intensive, אֲבֹתֶיךָ וַאֲבוֺת אֲבֹתֶיךָ Exod 10:6 compare Dan 11:24 (b) of people Gen 10:21 (J) Gen 17:4; Gen 17:5 (P) Gen 19:37; Gen 19:38 (J) Gen 36:9; Gen 36:43 (P) Deut 26:5; Isa 51:2; Isa 43:27 (where אביך הראשׁון thy first father, see Che) compare also Ezek 16:3; Ezek 16:45 + often; plural Exod 3:13; Exod 3:15; Exod 3:16 (E) Deut 1:8; Josh 1:6; Judg 2:1; 1Sam 12:6 +; 1Sam 12:15 near the end read וּבְמַלְכְּכֶם ᵐ5 We Dr.
5. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art Gen 4:20; Gen 4:21.
6. figurative of producer, generator Job 38:28 הֲיֵשׁ לַמָּטָר אָ֑ב (|| הוֺלִיד אֶגְלֵיטָֽֿל׃ מִיֿ).
7. figurative of benevolence & protection Job 29:6 אָב אָֽנֹכִי לָֽאֶבְיוֺנִים, compare Job 31:18 of Eliakim Isa 22:21 perhaps also of gracious Messianic king אֲבִי עַד Isa 9:5 everlasting father (Ge Ew De Che Brd Di) — others divider of spoil (Abarb Hi Kn Kue BrMP).
8. term of respect & honour (Abbas, Pater, Papa, Pope); applied to master 2Kgs 5:13 priest Judg 17:10; Judg 18:19 prophet 2Kgs 2:12 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 6:21; 2Kgs 13:14 (twice in verse); compare 2Kgs 8:9 counsellor Gen 45:8 (E; compare δευτέρου πατρός ᵐ5 add. Esth 3:13 τῷ πατρί 1 Mac Esth 11:32); king 1Sam 24:12 artificer 2Chr 2:12; 2Chr 4:16.
9. specifically, ruler, chief (late) 1Chr 2:24; 1Chr 2:42 (twice in verse); etc. (compare Ew§ 273 b) see also EwGeschichte. i. 524. H i. 365. On the force of אָב in proper names (in many probably a divine title), see CheEncy. Bib., ABI, NAMES WITH Nöib., NAMES, §§ 44, 45.

fathers, father, chief, families, patrimony, …
ʾāb
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
  • father of an individual
    • "of God as father of his people"head or founder of a household, group, family, or clan"ancestor
    • grandfather, forefathers (of a person)
      • "of people
    originator or patron of a class, profession, or art"of producer, generator (figuratively)"of benevolence and protection (figuratively)"term of respect and honor"ruler or chief (specifically)

עַלְבוֹן֙
עַלְבוֹן֙
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Abi-albon")
Dictionary form: אֲבִי־עַלְבוֹן · uh-BEE al-BONE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: abi-albon
abi-albon ×1
More options
Abi-Albon — Standard anglicized form; use in most translations.
Abialbon — Single-word form; common in modern critical editions.
Abi-Albon (father of strength) — Add gloss when explaining the name's meaning in-text.

BDB18 H45

BDB17 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB19

אֲבִיעַֿלְבוֺן proper name, masculine a hero of David 2Sam 23:31 read אֲבִיאֵל so ᵐ5 1Chr 11:32, compare DrS (WeS אביבֿעל (see below אביאל); otherwise KloS.

BDB6065 H45

BDB6064 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6066

עַלְבּוֺן only in אֲבִיעַֿלְבּוֺן q. v. above

abi-albon
ʾăbî ʿalbôn
El (God) is my father
Abialbon, an Israelite
  • one of David's mighty men (hero)

הָֽ עַרְבָתִ֔י
הָֽ
Prefix — article the
עַרְבָתִ֔י
Root word a name — transliterate it ("The arbathite")
Dictionary form: עַרְבָתִי · ar-baw-TEE

Noun — Gentilic, masculine singular, absolute state a people-group name (like "Hittite")

In the KJV here: the arbathite
the arbathite ×2
More options
Arbathite — Standard gentillic label; use as a proper demonym.
native of Arabah — Descriptive phrase clarifying the geographic origin.
man from Arabah — Informal, gender-specific alternative for narrative prose.
inhabitant of Beth-arabah — Specifies likely town of origin for precision.

BDB1082 H1026 H6164

BDB1081 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1083

בֵּית הָֽעֲרָבָה proper name, of a location (place of the depression) reckoned to Judah Josh 15:6; Josh 15:61, to Benjamin Josh 18:22 = הָֽעֲרָבָה Josh 18:18, הָֽעֲרָבָ֑תָה vJosh 18:18 compare also adjective, of a people הָֽעַרְבָתִי 2Sam 23:31 (perhaps read ׳בֵּיתהָֽֿע Klo compare Dr) = 1Chr 11:32 — site unknown.

arbathite
ʿarbātî
desert house
an Arbathite or inhabitant of (Beth-)Arabah
  • an inhabitant of Beth-arabah

עַזְמָ֖וֶת
עַזְמָ֖וֶת
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Azmaveth")
Dictionary form: עַזְמָוֶת · adz-maw-WET

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: azmaveth
and azmaveth ×3 azmaveth ×2 of azmaveth ×2 was azmaveth ×1
More options
Azmaveth — Standard modern spelling for this proper name.
Azma-veth — Hyphenated form to aid pronunciation in reading aloud.
Azmawet — Closer transliteration reflecting Hebrew consonants precisely.

BDB5962 H5820

BDB5961 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5963

I. עַזְמָ֫וֶת proper name, masculine A ᵐ5L usually Αζμωθ, Ασμωθ:

1. a. one of David's heroes 2Sam 23:31; 1Chr 11:33, B Ασβωθ.
  b. father of two of David's men 1Chr 12:3.
  c. officer of David 1Chr 27:25.
2. Benjamite name 1Chr 8:36; 1Chr 9:42, B Σαλμω, Γαβαωθ.

BDB5963 H1011 H5820

BDB5962 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5964

II. עַזְמָ֫וֶת proper name, of a location see ׳בֵּיתעֿ above

azmaveth
ʿazmāwet
strong unto death
Azmaveth, the name of three Israelites and of a place in Palestine
  • (n pr m) one of David's mighty warriors
    • "a descendant of Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan and grandson of king Saul"a Benjamite, father of Jeziel and Pelet who were two of David's men who joined him at Ziklag"overseer of the royal treasures in the reign of David"(n pr loc) a place in Benjamin; also 'Beth-azmeveth'

הַ בַּרְחֻמִֽי
הַ
Prefix — article the
בַּרְחֻמִֽי
Root word a name — transliterate it ("The barhumite")
Dictionary form: בַּרְחֻמִי · bahr-hoo-MEE

Noun — Gentilic, masculine singular, absolute state a people-group name (like "Hittite")

In the KJV here: the barhumite
the barhumite ×1
More options
Barhumite — Standard proper-noun gentilic; best default rendering.
from Bahurim — Clarifies geographic origin for unfamiliar readers.
native of Bahurim — Slightly more explicit; good in narrative prose.

BDB1014 H978 H1273

BDB1013 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1015

בַּחֲרוּמִי adjective, of a people Baharumite 1Chr 11:33 = בַּרְחֻמִי 2Sam 23:31. Probably בַּחֻרִמִי Dr.

BDB1325 H978 H1273

BDB1324 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1326

בַרְחֻמִי 2Sam 23:31 = בַּחֲרוּמִי 1Chr 11:33, read probably בַּחֻרִמִי see below בחר & compare Dr.

barhumite
barḥumî
son of the blackened, in the pitied
a Barchumite, or native of Bachurim
  • a person from Bahurim, a village apparently on or close to the road leading up from the Jordan valley to Jerusalem, and near the south boundary of Benjamin

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
אֲבִֽי עַלְבוֹן֙ Pashta — a lesser break הָֽעַרְבָתִ֔י Zaqef Qatan — a strong break עַזְמָ֖וֶת Tipeha — a lesser break הַבַּרְחֻמִֽי Silluq — end of the verse

אֲבִֽי-עַלְבוֹן הָֽעַרְבָתִי עַזְמָוֶת הַבַּרְחֻמִֽי׃
31
Abi-albon the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Barhumite,
Cross References

2 Samuel 3:16

וַיֵּלֶךְ אִתָּהּ אִישָׁהּ הָלוֹךְ וּבָכֹה אַֽחֲרֶיהָ עַד-בַּֽחֻרִים וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלָיו אַבְנֵר לֵךְ שׁוּב וַיָּשֹֽׁב׃
16
And her husband went with her along weeping behind her to Bahurim. Then said Abner unto him, Go, return. And he returned.

1 Chronicles 11:32

חוּרַי מִנַּחֲלֵי גָעַשׁ אֲבִיאֵל הָֽעַרְבָתִֽי׃
32
Hurai of the brooks of Gaash, Abiel the Arbathite,
2 Samuel 23:30
Read 2 Samuel 23
2 Samuel 23:32