Daniel 5:31

Hebrew Bible (Masoretic) numbering: 6:1

וְדָרְיָ֙וֶשׁ֙ מָֽדָיָ֔א קַבֵּ֖ל מַלְכוּתָ֑א כְּבַ֥ר שְׁנִ֖ין שִׁתִּ֥ין וְתַרְתֵּֽין

And Darius the Median took the kingdom, being about threescore and two years old.

Connections

בִּשְׁנַת אַחַת לְדָרְיָוֶשׁ בֶּן-אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ מִזֶּרַע מָדָי אֲשֶׁר הָמְלַךְ עַל מַלְכוּת כַּשְׂדִּֽים׃

In the first year of Darius the son of Ahasuerus, of the seed of the Medes, which was made king over the realm of the Chaldeans;

Daniel 6:1

שְׁפַר קֳדָם דָּרְיָוֶשׁ וַהֲקִים עַל-מַלְכוּתָא לַאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּא מְאָה וְעֶשְׂרִין דִּי לֶהֱוֺן בְּכָל-מַלְכוּתָֽא׃

It pleased Darius to set over the kingdom an hundred and twenty princes, which should be over the whole kingdom;

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Daniel 5:31

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Niqqud

Cantillation

Masoretic Phrasing

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.

וְדָרְיָ֙וֶשׁ֙ Pashta — a lesser break מָֽדָיָ֔א Zaqef Qatan — a strong break קַבֵּ֖ל Tipeha — a lesser break מַלְכוּתָ֑א Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here כְּבַ֥ר שְׁנִ֖ין Tipeha — a lesser break שִׁתִּ֥ין וְתַרְתֵּֽין Silluq — end of the verse

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Word Parts

וְ דָרְיָ֙וֶשׁ֙

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

דָרְיָ֙וֶשׁ֙

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And darius")

Dictionary form: דָּֽרְיָוֵשׁ · DAW-reh-yaw-waysh

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Np

Noun — Proper Name

וְ	Speech Conjunction
דָרְיָוֶשׁ	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: and darius

darius ×8 of darius ×3 and darius ×2 to darius ×1 unto darius ×1

More options

Darius — Standard modern English rendering of this Persian royal name.

King Darius — Use when royal title adds clarity in narrative context.

Darius the Mede — Distinguishes the Median Darius from later Persian rulers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9456 H1867 H1868

דָּֽרְיָ֫וֶשׁ₁₅ proper name, masculine (Biblical Hebrew id.; Egyptian Aramaic דריוהוש RŠS³⁶¹ S-C^{H 1}+); —

1. Darius Hystaspis Ezra 4:24 + 8 t. Ezra.

2. 'Darius the Mede' Dan 6:1; Dan 6:2; Dan 6:7; Dan 6:10; Dan 6:26; Dan 6:29.

Strong's Definition H1868

darius

dārĕyāwēš

lord

Darejavesh, a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings

Darius the Mede, the son of Ahasuerus, king of the Chaldeans, who succeeded to the Babylonian kingdom on the death of Belshazzar; probably the same as ___%___Astyages___%___ the last king of the Medes (538 BC) (same as H1867 (1))

Darius II, Nothus (Ochus) was king of Persia during the time of Nehemiah (424/3–405/4 BC). Darius II is the most probable because he is mentioned by Nehemiah and ruled during the time of Nehemiah

Variations 6 forms of this word

Translations 5 English renderings

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Word Parts

מָֽדָיָ ֔א

מָֽדָיָ

Root word a name — transliterate it ("The median")

֔א

Prefix — article the

Dictionary form: מָדַי · maw-DAI

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ngmsd/Td

Noun — Gentilic, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic); a people-group name (like "Hittite")

מָֽדָיָ	Speech Noun Type Gentilic Gender Masculine Number Singular State Determined
א	Speech Particle Type Definite Article

In English

In the KJV here: the median

the median ×1

More options

Mede — Standard modern English term for a person from Media.

Median — Adjectival use; fits contexts describing ethnicity or origin.

person from Media — Explicit and clear for general audiences unfamiliar with 'Mede'.

Medean — Rare variant; use only if 'Mede' feels too archaic for context.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9650 H4076 H4077 H4074

מָדַי proper name, of a people or territory Medes, Media (Biblical Hebrew id.); —

1. of a people Dan 5:28; Dan 6:9; Dan 6:13; Dan 6:16.

2. territory Ezra 6:2.

BDB9651 H4077

מדיא Kt, מָדָאָה Qr (K^{§ 61, 6}) name, of a people Mede; — Dan 6:1.

[מְדִינָה] see דין. [מְדָר] see דוד.

Strong's Definition H4077

median

māday

middle land

a Madian or native of Madai

an inhabitant of Media

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 1 English renderings

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Word Parts

קַבֵּ֖ל

Root word receive, take, took

Dictionary form: קְבַל · keh-BAHL

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Vpp3ms

Verb — Pael, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular intensive (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Piel completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

קַבֵּל

Speech Verb Stem Pael Type Perfect (Qatal) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: took

shall take ×1 thereof ye shall receive ×1 took ×1

More options

receive — Standard, broadly applicable; fits most contexts naturally.

take — More active/physical; good when an object is grasped.

accept — Implies willing reception; suits gifts or decrees.

obtain — Emphasizes gaining possession; formal register.

acquire — Stresses coming into ownership; slightly legal tone.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9848 H6901 H6902

קַבֵּל verb denominative Pa`el receive (Biblical Hebrew (late), (q. v.; ᵑ7 Syriac: properly come in front of, come to meet, compare German entgegennehmen); — Perfect 3 masculine singular קַבֵּל Dan 6:1 Imperfect 2 masculine plural תְּקַבְּלוּן ye shall receive Dan 2:6, 3 masculine plural וִיקַבְּלוּן Dan 7:18 all with accusative of thing.

Strong's Definition H6902

receive, take, took

qĕbal

to acquire

(Pael) to receive

Variations 3 forms of this word

Translations 3 English renderings

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Word Parts

מַלְכוּתָ ֑א

מַלְכוּתָ

Root word kingdom, reign, realm, kingdoms, kingly

֑א

Prefix — article the

Dictionary form: מַלְכוּ · mahl-KOO

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncfsd/Td

Noun — Common, feminine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

מַלְכוּתָ	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Determined
א	Speech Particle Type Definite Article

In English

In the KJV here: the kingdom

the kingdom ×10 in the kingdom ×7 kingdom ×7 and his kingdom ×3 of the kingdom ×3 thy kingdom ×3 a kingdom ×2 and the kingdom ×2

More options

kingdom — Most common rendering; use for territorial/political sense.

reign — Emphasizes the act or period of ruling.

realm — Highlights the domain or sphere of a ruler's authority.

sovereignty — Abstract sense; stresses supreme power or dominion.

royal power — Emphasizes the kingly authority itself, not territory.

rule — Concise; suits contexts focused on governing activity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9664 H4437

מַלְכוּ noun feminine royalty, reign, kingdom; — absolute ׳מ Dan 2:39 +; construct מַלְכוּת Ezra 4:24 +; emphatic תָא- Dan 2:37 +, תָה- Dan 2:44 suffix תִי- Dan 4:15 +, הֵתּ- Dan 3:33 +, תָךְ- Dan 4:23 +; plural construct מַלְכְוָת Dan 7:27 emphatic וָתָא- Dan 2:44; Dan 7:23 —

1. royalty, kingship, kingly authority: Dan 4:23; Dan 4:28; Dan 4:33 ׳הֵיכַל מ v.Dan 4:26, ׳בֵּית מ v.Dan 4:27, כָּרְסֵא Dan 5:20.

2. organized (world-) kingdom: Dan 2:39 (twice in verse); Dan 2:40; Dan 2:41; Dan 2:42; Dan 2:44; Dan 7:23 (twice in verse); Dan 7:24; Dan 7:27 אֲנָשָׁא ׳מ Dan 4:14; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 of specific kings Dan 2:37; Dan 5:18; Dan 5:28; Dan 6:1 of God Dan 3:33; Dan 7:27 (both עָלַם ׳מ), Dan 2:44 (twice in verse); Dan 3:33; Dan 4:31; Dan 6:27; Dan 7:27 of Messiah Dan 7:14 (twice in verse); of saints Dan 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 7:22; Dan 7:27.

3. realm (territorial) Dan 4:15; Dan 4:33b; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:11; Dan 5:16; Dan 5:29; Dan 6:2 (twice in verse); Dan 6:4; Dan 6:8; Dan 6:27; Ezra 7:13; Ezra 7:23 metonymy Ezra 6:5 = administration of realm.

4. reign, time of reigning Dan 5:26; Dan 6:29 (twice in verse); Ezra 4:24; Ezra 6:15.

Strong's Definition H4437

kingdom, reign, realm, kingdoms, kingly

malkû

dominion (abstractly or concretely)

royalty, reign, kingdom

royalty, kingship, kingly authority

Variations 21 forms of this word

Translations 25 English renderings

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Word Parts

כְּ בַ֥ר

כְּ

Prefix — preposition like, as

בַ֥ר

Root word son, old

Dictionary form: בַּר · bahr

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar R/Ncmsc

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

כְּ	Speech Preposition
בַר	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct

In English

In the KJV here: old

the son ×5 his son ×1 old ×1 one like the son ×1

More options

son — Most direct equivalent; prefer in familial or titular contexts.

child — Slightly broader; use when gender is ambiguous or inclusive.

descendant — Good for genealogical or dynastic passages.

heir — Highlights inheritance or succession nuance.

figure like a son — For visionary/symbolic uses, e.g. Daniel's 'one like a son'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9386 H1247 H1121 H1248 H1123

I. בַּר noun masculine son (ᵑ7 id.; Syriac , Mandean ברא Nö^{M § 148}, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene בר (and בן) Lzb^{242 f.}; Sabean בר according to Mordtm^{VOJ x. 154 f.}; = בֵּן, = becoming ר, Philippi^{ZMG xxxii (1878), 36 ff.} Brock^{Syr. Gr. § 76} and others; √ different from בן according to JHMich Thes K^{§ 63} and others; Biblical Hebrew בַּר Aramaism for בֵּן); — construct ׳ב Dan 3:25 +; suffix בְּרֵהּ Dan 5:22 plural construct בְּנֵי Ezra 6:9 +; suffix בְּנ֫וֺהִי Ezra 6:10; Ezra 7:23, בְּנֵיהוֺן Dan 6:25 —

1. son(s) Ezra 5:1; Ezra 5:2 (twice in verse); Ezra 6:14; Dan 5:22; Dan 6:25; Ezra 6:10; Ezra 7:23 בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezra 6:16 = Israelites, בְּנֵי גָלוּתָא = captives vEzra 6:16; Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 6:14 בַּראֱֿנָשׁ Dan 7:13 i.e. one of human kind, בְּנֵי אֲנָשָׁא men Dan 2:38; Dan 5:21 בַּראֱֿלָהִין Dan 3:25 a divine (or angelic) being (see Dr, and compare Biblical Hebrew Gen 6:2; Job 1:6); ׳בַּר שְׁנִין וגו Job 6:1 a son of 62 years = 62 years old (Biblical Hebrew בֵּן 9).

2. of bullocks, בְּנֵי תוֺרִין Ezra 6:9.

II. בַּר see ברר.

Strong's Definition H1247

son, old

bar

a son, grandson, etc

Variations 5 forms of this word

Translations 4 English renderings

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Word Parts

שְׁנִ֖ין

Root word year, years

Dictionary form: שְׁנָה · sheh-NAW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncfpa

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

שְׁנִין

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Plural State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: years

year ×5 years ×2

More options

year — Standard singular; most broadly applicable choice.

years — Use for plural forms in context.

annual period — Formal or technical contexts requiring precision.

season — When emphasizing cyclical or agricultural time reckoning.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9599 H8139 H8140

I. [שְׁנָה] noun feminine sleep (ᵑ7 Syriac); — suffix שִׁנְּתֵהּ (K^{§ 12 d})) Dan 6:19. — II. [שְׁנָה] see [שְׁנָא].

BDB9974 H8140 H8139

I. [שְׁנָה] noun feminine year (see Biblical Hebrew שָׁנָה, √ I. [שָׁנָה]); — construct חֲדָה ׃שְׁנַת ׳שׁ = first year Ezra 5:13; Ezra 6:3; Dan 7:1 תַּרְתֵּין ׳שׁ Ezra 4:24 second year; שֵׁת ׳שׁ Ezra 6:15 plural ׳שְׁנִין שִׁתִּין וְת Dan 6:1 62 years; שַׂגִּיאָן ׳שׁ Ezra 5:11. — I. [שְׁנָה ] see ישׁן.

Strong's Definition H8140

year, years

šĕnâ

year

year

Variations 3 forms of this word

Translations 2 English renderings

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Word Parts

שִׁתִּ֥ין

Root word threescore

Dictionary form: שִׁתִּין · shit-TEEN

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Acbpa

Adjective — Cardinal Number, both plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"; a number (one, two, three, …)

שִׁתִּין

Speech Adjective Type Cardinal Number Gender Both Number Plural State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: being about threescore

thereof threescore ×2 being about threescore ×1 was threescore ×1

More options

sixty — Standard modern numeral; universally understood.

sixty in number — Adds explicitness when counting discrete items.

some sixty — Use when the text implies approximation or rounding.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9938 H8361

שִׁתִּין noun indeclinable sixty; — ׳אַמִּין שׁ Ezra 6:3 (twice in verse); Dan 3:1 וְתַרְתֵּין ׳שְׁגִין שׁ Dan 6:1.

BDB9992 H8361

שִׁתִּין sixty, see שׁדת.

Strong's Definition H8361

threescore

šittîn

sixty

sixty, threescore

Variations 2 forms of this word

Translations 3 English renderings

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Word Parts

וְ תַרְתֵּֽין

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

תַרְתֵּֽין

Root word twelve, two, second

Dictionary form: תְּרֵין · teh-RANE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Acbpa

Adjective — Cardinal Number, both plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"; a number (one, two, three, …)

וְ	Speech Conjunction
תַרְתֵּֽין	Speech Adjective Type Cardinal Number Gender Both Number Plural State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: and two

and two ×1 of twelve ×1 the second ×1 twelve ×1

More options

two — Core cardinal number; most broadly applicable rendering.

twelve — Use when combined with ten in Aramaic context.

second — Ordinal sense; use for sequential or ranked position.

a pair — Colloquial; emphasizes duality or togetherness of two items.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB10010 H8648

[תְּרֵין] noun masculine, תַּרְתֵּין (K^{§ 65, Anm. 1}) feminine, two (so in Aramaic dialects generally (note Nabataean feminine תרתין over against Palmyrene תרתן Lzb³⁸⁸); see Philippi^{ZMG xxxii (1878), 21 ff.}; adjective according to M^{§ 89} b); —

masculine only construct in תִּרֵי עֲשַׂר twelve, after noun masculine plural Dan 4:26; Ezra 6:17 feminine after noun feminine plural ׳שְׁנִין שִׁתִּין וְת Dan 6:1 years sixty and two; = ordinal, שְׁנַת תַּרְתֵּין Dan 4:24 second year.

BDB10019 H8648

[תְּרֵין], תַּרְתֵּין two, see תנא. above

BDB9251 H8648

תֶּ֫רַח proper name

1. masculine father of Abraham: (a kind of ibex (compare Assyrian turdâ—u, Arabic Nö^{ZMG xxxlii (1879), 331}, Syriac capra cauca-sica), but against this Nö^{ZMG xl (1886), 167}; proper name, of divinity Jen^{ZA vi. 70}); — ׳ת Gen 11:25; Gen 11:26; Gen 11:27 (twice in verse); Gen 11:28; Gen 11:31; Gen 11:32 (twice in verse); Josh 24:2 תָּ֑רַת Gen 11:24; 1Chr 1:26 Θαρρα, ᵐ5^L Θαρα. — See Selbie^{Hast. DB TERAH.}

2. location station on Exodus Journey Num 33:27; Num 33:28 Ταραθ.

תִּרְחֲנָה see רחן.

תָּרְמָה, תרמות, תַּרְמִית see [II. רמת].

Strong's Definition H8648

twelve, two, second

tĕrên

two

two (as cardinal number)

Variations 3 forms of this word

Translations 4 English renderings

Daniel 5:30

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