Daniel 6:18

אֱ֠דַיִן אֲזַ֨ל מַלְכָּ֤א לְהֵֽיכְלֵהּ֙ וּבָ֣ת טְוָ֔ת וְדַחֲוָ֖ן לָא הַנְעֵ֣ל קָֽדָמ֑וֹהִי וְשִׁנְתֵּ֖הּ נַדַּ֥ת עֲלֽוֹהִי
Then the king went to his palace, and passed the night fasting: neither were instruments of musick brought before him: and his sleep went from him.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

אֱ֠דַיִן
אֱ֠דַיִן
Adverb then, time, now
Dictionary form: אֱדַיִן · eh-da-YIN

Adverb

In the KJV here: then
then ×53 and then ×1 hither then ×1 now ×1 that time ×1
More options
then — Broadest temporal connector; fits most narrative contexts.
at that point — Emphasizes a precise moment in a sequence of events.
after that — Highlights sequence; useful when succession needs clarity.
at that time — Slightly more formal; good for historical or legal prose.
thereupon — Signals immediate consequence; slightly elevated register.
now — Use when the narrative shifts focus rather than marks sequence.

BDB9270 H116

BDB9269 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9271

אֱדַ֫יִן57 adverb then, thereupon (so Egyptian Aramaic S-CPap. H 1, J 1), not ᵑ7: the usually Aramaic forms are הֵידֵין , Mandean האידין (NöM 207); from [אֱדַי] = Biblical Hebrew אֲזַי (see אָז) + determ. affix n (as in דִּכֵּן, תַּמָּן; in Sabean = post-positive article; HomChr. § 57: compare WCG 115), NöGGA 1884, 1020: אֲזַי, [אֱדַי], probably from same demonstrative √ as זֶה, דָּא, דִּי, etc., , , lo well then, in that case, Ethiopic : when? : now (DiLex. 197, 1072), Syriac (enclitic) but); — then, thereupon, Dan 2:15; Dan 2:17; Dan 2:19; Dan 2:25; Dan 2:48; Dan 3:24 +, Ezra 4:9; Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:4; Ezra 5:9 + (always, except Ezra 5:5, at beginning of sentence, introducing new stage of narrative with some emphasis); so with בְּ, בֵּאדַיִן (3 t. Ezra, 26 t. Daniel) Dan 2:14; Dan 2:35; Dan 2:46; Dan 3:3; Dan 3:13; Dan 3:19; Dan 3:21 (twice in verse); Dan 3:26, etc., Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:2; Ezra 6:1 מִןאֱֿדַיִן from that time Ezra 5:16.

then, time, now
ʾĕdayin
then (of time)
  • then, afterwards, thereupon, from that time

אֲזַ֨ל
אֲזַ֨ל
Root word went, go, up
Dictionary form: אֲזַל · uh-DZAHL

Verb — Peal, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: went
went ×2 and went ×1 go ×1 he went ×1 they went up ×1 we went ×1
More options
go — Default, neutral choice for most contexts.
went — Past-tense narrative; most common contextual form.
depart — Emphasizes leaving a place; slightly formal register.
head off — Colloquial; suits informal or dialogue-heavy passages.
set out — Implies purposeful movement toward a destination.
move on — Stresses continuation or transition away from a location.

BDB9281 H235 H236

BDB9280 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9282

אֲזַל verb go, go off (Biblical Hebrew: [rare]); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳א Dan 2:24 + (אֲזַל֑ vDan 2:17; Dan 6:20); 3 plural אֲזַ֫לוּ Ezra 4:23 I plural אֲוַלְנָא Ezra 5:8 Imperative masculine singular (אֲֿחֵת) ֵ˜אוֶל vEzra 5:15 (for אֱזַל K§ § 15 e); 38, 1 c)); —
1. go, go off, with ל location Dan 2:17; Dan 6:19; Dan 6:20; Ezra 4:23 (+ עַל person), Ezra 5:8 go and say Dan 2:24, go (and) put Ezra 5:15.

went, go, up
ʾăzal
to depart
  • to go, to go off
    • (P'al) to go, go off

מַלְכָּ ֤א
מַלְכָּ
Root word king, kings, royal
֤א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: מֶלֶךְ · meh-LEK

Noun — Common, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: the king
the king ×75 o king ×19 the kings ×12 king ×10 kings ×9 unto the king ×9 and the king ×7 to the king ×6
More options
king — Standard modern rendering; broadly suitable in most contexts.
monarch — Formal or literary tone; emphasizes sovereign authority.
ruler — Broader term; useful when royal title is less central.
sovereign — Elevated register; stresses supreme political power.
royal — Adjectival use; prefer when modifying a noun directly.

BDB9662 H4429 H4430

BDB9661 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9663

מֶ֫לֶךְ178 noun masculine king (general Semitic; see Biblical Hebrew); — ׳מ absolute Dan 2:10 + 2 t.; construct Dan 4:34 + 6 t.; usually emphatic מַלְכָּא Ezra 4:8 + 154 t., ָ  ה Dan 2:11 plural מַלְכִין Ezra 4:15 + 9 t., ִ  ים Ezra 4:13 (Hebraism, BeRy M41*); emphatic מַלְכַיָּא Dan 2:44 + 2 t.; — king Dan 2:4; Dan 2:5 + 132 t. Daniel; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:11 + 42 t. Ezra (מֶלָךְ מַלְכַיָּא of Nebuchadnezzar Dan 2:37, of Artaxerxes Ezra 7:12 [compare Cooke71.3, of Xerxes]; מַלְכִין Dan 7:17 = kingdoms, compare מַלְכוּ vDan 7:23).

king, kings, royal
melek
a king
  • king

לְ הֵֽיכְלֵ הּ֙
לְ
Prefix — preposition to, for
הֵֽיכְלֵ
Root word temple, palace
הּ֙
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it
Dictionary form: הֵיכַל · hay-KAHL

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: to his palace
the temple ×5 into the temple ×2 from the kings palace ×1 in my palace ×1 palace ×1 the palace ×1 to his palace ×1 unto the temple ×1
More options
temple — Best for sacred/divine dwelling contexts.
palace — Best for royal residence contexts.
sanctuary — Emphasizes holiness; good for worship settings.
great hall — Captures architectural grandeur in either context.
royal court — Highlights political/administrative dimension of palace.

BDB9472 H1965 H1964 H4415

BDB9471 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9473

[הֵיכַל] noun masculine palace, temple (Assyrian loan-word; Biblical Hebrew; also Palmyrene היכלא and הכלא Lzb259 SAC43); — emphatic הֵיכְלָא Ezra 4:14 +; construct הֵיכַל Dan 4:26 suffix הֵיכְּ לִי Dan 4:1, לֵהּ- Dan 6:19 —

1. place of king Dan 4:1; Dan 4:26; Dan 5:5; Dan 6:19; Ezra 4:14 (see מְלַח).
2. temple:
  a. in Jerusalem Dan 5:2; Dan 5:3; Ezra 5:14 a.; Ezra 5:15; Ezra 6:5 (twice in verse).
  b. in Babylon Ezra 5:14 b.c.

temple, palace
hêkal
a large public building, such as a palace or temple
  • palace, temple
    • palace
      • "temple (in Jerusalem)"temple (pagan)

וּ בָ֣ת
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
בָ֣ת
Root word night
Dictionary form: בּוּת · boot

Verb — Peal, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and passed the night
and passed the night ×1
More options
spend the night — Most natural modern phrasing; broadly usable.
stay overnight — Informal; emphasizes a single night's lodging.
lodge for the night — Slightly formal; suits narrative or legal contexts.
pass the night — Modernized KJV form; retains slight literary tone.

BDB9373 H956

BDB9372 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9374

[בִּית DWB 52] verb denominative (lodge,) pass the night (ᵑ7 id.); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular בָּת Dan 6:19.

בָּל see בול.

night
bût
to lodge over night
  • (P'al) to pass the night, lodge

טְוָ֔ת
טְוָ֔ת
Adverb fasting
Dictionary form: טְוָת · teh-WAWT

Adverb

In the KJV here: fasting
fasting ×1
More options
fasting — Most natural modern equivalent; broad and widely understood.
fast — Noun form; concise and common in religious contexts.
abstinence from food — Explicit and literal; useful in explanatory translations.
going without food — Plain, non-religious register; accessible to general readers.

BDB9557 H2908

BDB9556 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9558

טְוָת adverb fastingly, hungrily (Syriac id.; PS1465; on etymology compare SchulthHom. Wurz. 32 f.; on adverb force of f. term. תָ֯, see Nö§ 155 A, M 201 WCG 135; and compare רַבַּת Ps 124:3); — Dan 6:18.

fasting
ṭĕwāt
hunger (as twisting)
  • fasting, fastingly, hungrily

וְ דַחֲוָ֖ן
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
דַחֲוָ֖ן
Root word instruments
Dictionary form: דַּחֲוָה · da-huh-WAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: were instruments of musick
were instruments of musick ×1
More options
musical instrument — Most natural, universally understood modern term.
instrument of music — Slightly more formal; mirrors Hebrew genitive structure.
music-maker — Functional description; useful in poetic or narrative contexts.
musical device — Neutral, technical register; good in prose translations.

BDB9438 H1761 H1760

BDB9437 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9439

[דַּחֲוָה] noun feminine dubious; — plural absolute דַּחֲוָן Dan 6:19, Vrss conject.; AV RV instrument of music (so AE, assuming meaning strike [strings] for דְּחָא [Biblical Hebrew דָּחָה] thrust; Saad RVm dancing-girls; Bertholet al. concubines (from sens. obsc. of Arabic , but then read probably לְחֵנָן (Dan 5:2; Dan 5:3; Dan 5:23) Marti Prince Dr.

instruments
daḥăwâ
probably a musical instrument (as being struck)
  • diversions, musical instruments?, dancing girls, concubines, music

לָא
לָא
Particle not
Dictionary form: לָא · law

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: neither
not ×18 nor ×8 no ×6 shall not ×4 without ×4 is not ×3 neither ×3 are not ×2
More options
not — Standard negation; fits most contexts naturally.
no — Use before nouns or as a standalone negative reply.
nor — Connects two negative clauses or items.
never — Emphasizes total absence across time or circumstance.
nothing — Use when negating an implied object or quantity.
without — Preferable when negating accompaniment or condition.

BDB9632 H3808 H3809

BDB9631 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9633

לָא (לָה Dan 4:32) adverb not (Biblical Hebrew לא; Aramaic of Têma, Egyptian, etc., לא; Nerab ל (Lzb301 CookG1. 67); ᵑ7 לָא; Syriac ); — not Jer 10:11; Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:10, etc.; before a participle (so rarely in Biblical Hebrew, 1 b c), Dan 2:27; Dan 2:43; Dan 3:16; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15 +, so v.Dan 4:32 וְכָלדָּֿאְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּלָה חֲשׁיבִין; are as men not accounted of (so Bev Behrm Marti, compare Isa 53:8 ᵑ7 בסירין ולא חשׁיבין; > most 'accounted as nothing,' for which no analogy, yet compare Ps 39:6 ᵑ7); followed by אִיתַי, see אִיתַי. With infinitive and לְ Dan 6:9 דִּי לָא לִהַשְׁנָיָה which it is not to alter = which is not to be altered (compare v.Dan 6:16), Ezra 6:8 (K§ 67, 1 Dr§ 202, 2.; compare Isa 35:6 ᵑ7, DAramaic Dialektproben, p. 1). With interr. הֲלָא Dan 3:24; Dan 4:27; Dan 6:13.

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

BDB9639 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9641

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke217, 219, 241 S-CPap. C 6, 7 +; lâinnî, however SocArab. Dial. see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
  a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
  b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.
2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

not, no, nor, without, none, …
lāʾ
no, not
  • no, not, nothing

הַנְעֵ֣ל
הַנְעֵ֣ל
Root word in, came, bring, brought, went
Dictionary form: עֲלַל · uh-LAHL

Verb — Haphel, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular causative (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Hiphil completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: brought
came in ×3 brought in ×2 to bring in ×2 went in ×2 bring me in ×1 brought ×1 came ×1 have been brought in ×1
More options
enter — Broad, neutral; best default choice for motion inward.
go in — Slightly informal; good for narrative movement into a space.
come in — Speaker-oriented motion; use when perspective is inside.
bring in — Causative sense; use when an agent introduces something/someone.
lead in — Causative with guidance implied; fits formal or ceremonial contexts.
be brought in — Passive; use for subjects acted upon by another agent.

BDB9771 H5954 H5953

BDB9770 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9772

[עֲלַל] verb go or come in (ᵑ7 Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew III. עלל); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular עַל Dan 2:16 with עַל person vDan 2:24 with לְבַיְהֵתּ Dan 6:11, so 3 feminine singular עללת Kt, עַלַּת Qr Dan 5:10 Participle עללין Kt, עָלִּין Qr, absolute Dan 4:4; Dan 5:8. Haph`el bring in, with קֳדָם person: Perfect 3 masculine singular הַנְעֵל (K§ 11, 4. b); si Eg, Aramaic, S-CG 6, 7, 24, 27 הנעלת; compare D§ 71. 7; Dial.-Proben, p. 4); Dan 2:25 (ל accusative of person), Dan 6:19 (accusative of thing); Imperative masculine singular suffix person, הַעֵלְנִי Dan 2:24 Infinitive לְנְעָלָה Dan 4:3 (ל accusative of person); no קֳדָם person, לְהֶעָלָה Dan 5:7 (id.). Hoph`al (WCG 225) be brought, subject person +קֳדָם person: Perfect 3 masculine singular הֻעַל Dan 5:13, 3 masculine plural הֻעַ֫לּוּ vDan 5:15.

in, came, bring, brought, went
ʿălal
to enter; causatively, to introduce
  • to thrust in, go in, come in
    • (P'al) to go in, come in
      • "(Aphel) to bring in"(Hophal) to be brought in

קָֽדָמ֑וֹ הִי
קָֽדָמ֑וֹ
Preposition before, him, me, pleased, presence, …
הִי
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it
Dictionary form: קֳדָם · koh-DAWM

Preposition

In the KJV here: before
before ×22 before me ×3 and before ×2 him ×2 before him ×1 i thought ×1 in the presence of ×1 it before ×1
More options
in front of — Spatial sense; prefer for physical or positional contexts.
in the presence of — Formal/courtly register; suits throne-room or divine scenes.
before — Modernized KJV staple; broadly versatile across contexts.
in the sight of — Emphasizes the observer's perspective or judgment.
it seemed good to — Use when the lemma carries a 'pleased' or approval nuance.
I considered — Use when the lemma reflects an inner thought or deliberation.

BDB9849 H6925

BDB9848 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9850

קֳדָם42 preposition before (so Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, etc. (Lzb360 f.), ᵑ7 קָדָם, Syriac ; properly a substantive the front, compare Arabic the front; for √ see Biblical Hebrew קדם); — suffix קָדָמַי Dan 2:9 +, מָ֑י- vDan 2:6 קדמיך Kt, קֳדָמָךְ Qr, Dan 5:23; Dan 6:23 קֳדָמוֺהִי Dan 4:5 + (compare Nerab קדמוה, Cooke189); 3 feminine singular קדמיה Kt, קֳדָמַהּ Qr, Dan 7:7; Dan 7:8; Dan 7:20 קֳדָמֵיהוֺן Dan 4:4 —

1. before (= Hebrew לפְנֵי), especially in the phrases to answer, pray, say, etc., before a superior (as more respectful than to), Dan 2:9 לְמֵאמַד קֳדָמַי, vDan 2:10 vDan 2:11 vDan 2:27; Dan 6:11 (see Dr), v.Dan 6:12 v.Dan 6:13 v.Dan 6:14 ׳קֱרִי ק Ezra 4:18; Ezra 4:23; Ezra 5:23 (twice in verse); with שְׁפַר to seem fair Dan 3:32; Dan 6:2 after verbs of motion, in before, Dan 2:24; Dan 2:25; Dan 3:13; Dan 4:3 +; of time Dan 7:7.
2. מִןקֳֿדָם from before ( = מִלִּפְנֵי, but as used in late Hebrew, Esth 1:19; Esth 4:8), with קַבֵּל Dan 2:6, בְּעָא vDan 2:18 of a decree, Dan 6:27 מִןקֳֿדָמִי שִֹׁים טְעֵם (|| מִנִּי Dan 3:29 +), compare Dan 2:15; Ezra 7:14 of God, Dan 5:24 מִןקֳֿדָמוֺהִי שְׁלִיחַ פַּסָּא דַּייְֿדָא, Dan 7:10 (so very often in ᵑ7, DrSm lxx. f. lxxiii). Also = Hebrew מִפְּנֵי, with to fear Dan 5:19; Dan 6:27, be rooted up Dan 7:8, fall vDan 7:20.

before, him, me, pleased, presence, …
qŏdām
before
  • before, in front of
    • before
      • "from before

וְ שִׁנְתֵּ ֖הּ
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
שִׁנְתֵּ
Root word sleep
֖הּ
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it
Dictionary form: שְׁנָה · sheh-NAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: him and his sleep
him and his sleep ×1
More options
sleep — Most natural, universal rendering in modern English.
slumber — Suggests a lighter or more poetic state of rest.
rest — Broader term; use when sleep implies general repose.
night's rest — Contextual; fits narratives involving nighttime sleep.

BDB9599 H8139 H8140

BDB9598 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9600

I. [שְׁנָה] noun feminine sleep (ᵑ7 Syriac); — suffix שִׁנְּתֵהּ (K§ 12 d)) Dan 6:19. — II. [שְׁנָה] see [שְׁנָא].

BDB9974 H8140 H8139

BDB9973 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9975

I. [שְׁנָה] noun feminine year (see Biblical Hebrew שָׁנָה, √ I. [שָׁנָה]); — construct חֲדָה ׃שְׁנַת ׳שׁ = first year Ezra 5:13; Ezra 6:3; Dan 7:1 תַּרְתֵּין ׳שׁ Ezra 4:24 second year; שֵׁת ׳שׁ Ezra 6:15 plural ׳שְׁנִין שִׁתִּין וְת Dan 6:1 62 years; שַׂגִּיאָן ׳שׁ Ezra 5:11. — I. [שְׁנָה ] see ישׁן.

sleep
šĕnâ
sleep
  • sleep

נַדַּ֥ת
נַדַּ֥ת
Root word went
Dictionary form: נְדַד · neh-DAHD

Verb — Peal, Perfect (Qatal), third person feminine singular simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "she (or it)"

In the KJV here: went
went ×1
More options
flee — Captures urgency or forced departure, most contextually apt.
depart — Neutral; suits formal or narrative prose contexts.
wander — Emphasizes aimless or restless movement.
go away — Plain, colloquial; good for direct speech contexts.
slip away — Suggests quiet or stealthy departure.

BDB9694 H5074 H5075

BDB9693 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9695

[נְדַד] verb flee (see Biblical Hebrew I. נדד); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 feminine singular שִׁנְּתֵהּ נַדַּת עֲלוֺהִי (K§ 46, Beisp. a)) Dan 6:19.

BDB9699 H5075 H5111 H5110

BDB9698 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9700

[נוּד] verb flee (ᵑ7 Syriac; compare [נְדַד] above and Biblical Hebrew נוּד 1 a); —

Pe`al Imperfect 3 feminine singular תְּנֻד מִן Dan 4:11.

went
nĕdad
to depart
  • (P'al) to flee

עֲלֽוֹ הִי
עֲלֽוֹ
Preposition upon, unto, over, in, against, …
הִי
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it
Dictionary form: עַל · al

Preposition

In the KJV here: from him
upon ×16 over ×9 unto ×8 against ×7 concerning ×5 in ×5 for ×4 to ×4
More options
on — Most versatile default; covers surface and figurative senses.
over — Use for authority, coverage, or position above.
about — Best for topics or subjects of speech or thought.
against — Use for opposition, complaint, or hostile action.
concerning — Formal; suits legal or prophetic discourse on a subject.
regarding — Neutral modern alternative to 'concerning'.

BDB9768 H5922 H5921

BDB9767 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9769

עַל preposition upon, over, on account of, above, to, against (Biblical Hebrew and general Aramaic id.); — suffix 1 singular עֲלַי; 2 masculine singular עליך Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, CookeNo. 77, A 5, 6, B 8, S-CPap. A 3, B 5 +), עֲלָךְ, Qr (ᵑ7 עֲלַךְ, Dalm§ 47, 2) Dan 3:12 + 6 t. Daniel; Ezra 7:18 3 masculine singular עֲלוֺהִי (so Nabataean, Palmyrene; Egyptian Aramaic עלוי S-CA 6 +) Dan 3:28 +, עֲלֹהִי Ezra 6:11 3 feminine singular עליה Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, S-CD 24), עֲלַהּ Qr (so ᵑ7) Dan 4:14; Dan 5:21 1 plural עֲלֵינָא Ezra 4:12, עֲלֵ֑ינָא Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:17 Baer (Gi עֲלֶ֑ינָא); 3 masculine plural עֲלֵיהֹם (so Nabataean, CISii. 226; Egyptian Aramaic, S-CPap. F 5, 8+) Ezra 7:24, עֲלֵיהוֺן Ezra 5:1; Ezra 5:3 —

1. a. upon, Dan 2:10; Dan 2:28; Dan 2:46; Dan 5:5; Dan 5:7; Dan 6:11 + often, Dan 4:26 עַלהֵֿיכַל מַלְכוּתָא (2Sam 11:2); to be established עַל מַלְכוּתִי 2Sam 4:33 (compare 2Chr 1:1 Biblical Hebrew II. 1) to lay an impost upon, Ezra 7:24 to trust on, Dan 3:28 after a verb of motion, מְטָא עַל to come upon, Dan 4:21; Dan 4:25 of times, to pass over, Dan 4:13; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Ezra 5:1 בְּשֻׁם אֱלָהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלֵיהוֺן i.e. (named) over them.
  b. idiomatic (as in Biblical Hebrew; see II. 1 d) of the person who is the subject of an emotion or experience, Dan 5:9 וְזִיוֺתִי שָׁנַיִן עֲלוֺהִי were changed upon him, Dan 7:28; Dan 6:19 וְשִׁנְּתֵהּ נַדַּת עֲלוֺהִי (compare Dan 2:1).
  c. on accusative of (Biblical Hebrew 1 f b), Dan 3:16 פִּתְגָּם עַלדְּֿנָה. So in עַלדְּֿנָה on this accusative Ezra 4:15; Ezra 4:22; Ezra 5:17, עַלמָֿה wherefore ? Dan 2:15 and עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי (see ׳דְּ).
  d. on behalf of (ib. 1 f c), Ezra 6:17.
  e. regarding, concerning (ib. 1 f g), Dan 2:18; Dan 5:14; Dan 5:29; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:13; Ezra 7:14 + often
2. over, with verbs of ruling, appointing, etc., Dan 2:48; Dan 2:49; Dan 3:12; Dan 4:14 +, Ezra 4:20; Ezra 6:18.
3. in a comparative sense, above, beyond, Dan 3:19; Dan 6:4.
4. expressing direction:
  a. to, of a person, after a verb of motion (compare Biblical Hebrew 7 c a a), Dan 2:24; Dan 4:31; Dan 4:33; Dan 6:7; Dan 6:16; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:23 + often; after to send (a letter, etc.) Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:6 +, write Ezra 4:7, prophesy Ezra 5:1 of the direction of the mind (ib. 7c c), Dan 3:12; Dan 6:14 (twice in verse); Dan 6:15 compare Ezra 5:5 הֲוַת עַל ׳וְעֵין אֱל (compare Jer 40:4 and אֶל Ps 34:16).
  b. against, Dan 3:19; Dan 3:29; Dan 5:23; Dan 6:5; Dan 6:6 +; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 7:23.
5. in such phrases as שְׁפַר עַל, טְאֵב (to be) good or acceptable to (as in Syriac and late Hebrew: see Biblical Hebrew 8), Ezra 5:17 אִם עַל מַלְכָּא טָב, Ezra 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 4:24 (יִשְׁפַּר), Dan 6:15 (בְּאֵשׁ), v.Dan 6:24 (טְאֵב). — compare the synopsis of meanings in Lzb340.

upon, unto, over, in, against, …
ʿal
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
  • upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
    • upon, over, on account of, regarding, concerning, on behalf of
      • "over (with verbs of ruling)"above, beyond (in comparison)"to, against (of direction)

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
אֱ֠דַיִן אֲזַ֨ל מַלְכָּ֤א לְהֵֽיכְלֵהּ֙ Pashta — a lesser break וּבָ֣ת טְוָ֔ת Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וְדַחֲוָ֖ן Tipeha — a lesser break לָא הַנְעֵ֣ל קָֽדָמ֑וֹהִי Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וְשִׁנְתֵּ֖הּ Tipeha — a lesser break נַדַּ֥ת עֲלֽוֹהִי Silluq — end of the verse

אֱדַיִן אֲזַל מַלְכָּא לְהֵֽיכְלֵהּ וּבָת טְוָת וְדַחֲוָן לָא-הַנְעֵל קָֽדָמוֹהִי וְשִׁנְתֵּהּ נַדַּת עֲלֽוֹהִי׃
18
Then the king went to his palace, and passed the night fasting: neither were instruments of musick brought before him: and his sleep went from him.
Cross References

Esther 6:1

בַּלַּיְלָה הַהוּא נָֽדְדָה שְׁנַת הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֹּאמֶר לְהָבִיא אֶת-סֵפֶר הַזִּכְרֹנוֹת דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים וַיִּֽהְיוּ נִקְרָאִים לִפְנֵי הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
1
On that night could not the king sleep, and he commanded to bring the book of records of the chronicles; and they were read before the king.

Daniel 2:1

וּבִשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְמַלְכוּת נְבֻֽכַדְנֶצַּר חָלַם נְבֻֽכַדְנֶצַּר חֲלֹמוֹת וַתִּתְפָּעֶם רוּחוֹ וּשְׁנָתוֹ נִהְיְתָה עָלָֽיו׃
1
And in the second year of the reign of Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar dreamed dreams, wherewith his spirit was troubled, and his sleep brake from him.

2 Samuel 12:16

וַיְבַקֵּשׁ דָּוִד אֶת-הָֽאֱלֹהִים בְּעַד הַנָּעַר וַיָּצָם דָּוִד צוֹם וּבָא וְלָן וְשָׁכַב אָֽרְצָה׃
16
David therefore besought God for the child; and David fasted, and went in, and lay all night upon the earth.

Psalms 77:4

אָחַזְתָּ שְׁמֻרוֹת עֵינָי נִפְעַמְתִּי וְלֹא אֲדַבֵּֽר׃
4
Thou holdest mine eyes waking: I am so troubled that I cannot speak.

Psalms 137:2

עַֽל-עֲרָבִים בְּתוֹכָהּ תָּלִינוּ כִּנֹּרוֹתֵֽינוּ׃
2
We hanged our harps upon the willows in the midst thereof.

Amos 6:4

הַשֹּֽׁכְבִים עַל-מִטּוֹת שֵׁן וּסְרֻחִים עַל-עַרְשׂוֹתָם וְאֹכְלִים כָּרִים מִצֹּאן וַעֲגָלִים מִתּוֹךְ מַרְבֵּֽק׃
4
That lie upon beds of ivory, and stretch themselves upon their couches, and eat the lambs out of the flock, and the calves out of the midst of the stall;

Jonah 3:3

וַיָּקָם יוֹנָה וַיֵּלֶךְ אֶל-נִֽינְוֶה כִּדְבַר יְהוָה וְנִֽינְוֵה הָיְתָה עִיר-גְּדוֹלָה לֵֽאלֹהִים מַהֲלַךְ שְׁלֹשֶׁת יָמִֽים׃
3
So Jonah arose, and went unto Nineveh, according to the word of the LORD. Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city of three days' journey.

Job 21:12

יִשְׂאוּ כְּתֹף וְכִנּוֹר וְיִשְׂמְחוּ לְקוֹל עוּגָֽב׃
12
They take the timbrel and harp, and rejoice at the sound of the organ.

1 Kings 21:27

וַיְהִי כִשְׁמֹעַ אַחְאָב אֶת-הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה וַיִּקְרַע בְּגָדָיו וַיָּֽשֶׂם-שַׂק עַל-בְּשָׂרוֹ וַיָּצוֹם וַיִּשְׁכַּב בַּשָּׂק וַיְהַלֵּךְ אַֽט׃
27
And it came to pass, when Ahab heard those words, that he rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his flesh, and fasted, and lay in sackcloth, and went softly.

Isaiah 24:8

שָׁבַת מְשׂוֹשׂ תֻּפִּים חָדַל שְׁאוֹן עַלִּיזִים שָׁבַת מְשׂוֹשׂ כִּנּֽוֹר׃
8
The mirth of tabrets ceaseth, the noise of them that rejoice endeth, the joy of the harp ceaseth.

Ecclesiastes 2:8

כָּנַסְתִּי לִי גַּם-כֶּסֶף וְזָהָב וּסְגֻלַּת מְלָכִים וְהַמְּדִינוֹת עָשִׂיתִי לִי שָׁרִים וְשָׁרוֹת וְתַעֲנוּגֹת בְּנֵי הָאָדָם שִׁדָּה וְשִׁדּֽוֹת׃
8
I gathered me also silver and gold, and the peculiar treasure of kings and of the provinces: I gat me men singers and women singers, and the delights of the sons of men, as musical instruments, and that of all sorts.

Revelation 18:22

καὶ φωνὴ κιθαρῳδῶν καὶ μουσικῶν καὶ αὐλητῶν καὶ σαλπιστῶν οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι καὶ πᾶς τεχνίτης πάσης τέχνης οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι καὶ φωνὴ μύλου οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι
22
And the voice of harpers, and musicians, and of pipers, and trumpeters, shall be heard no more at all in thee; and no craftsman, of whatsoever craft he be, shall be found any more in thee; and the sound of a millstone shall be heard no more at all in thee;

2 Samuel 19:24

וּמְפִבֹשֶׁת בֶּן-שָׁאוּל יָרַד לִקְרַאת הַמֶּלֶךְ וְלֹֽא-עָשָׂה רַגְלָיו וְלֹֽא-עָשָׂה שְׂפָמוֹ וְאֶת-בְּגָדָיו לֹא כִבֵּס לְמִן-הַיּוֹם לֶכֶת הַמֶּלֶךְ עַד-הַיּוֹם אֲשֶׁר-בָּא בְשָׁלֽוֹם׃
24
And Mephibosheth the son of Saul came down to meet the king, and had neither dressed his feet, nor trimmed his beard, nor washed his clothes, from the day the king departed until the day he came again in peace.
Daniel 6:17
Read Daniel 6
Daniel 6:19