Deuteronomy 29:14

וְ לֹ֥א

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

לֹ֥א

Particle not

Dictionary form: לֹא · loh

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: neither

not ×882 neither ×399 no ×282 nor ×215 shall not ×205 thou shalt not ×116 is not ×102 and not ×86

More options

not — Default negation; fits nearly every context.

no — Use before nouns or as a standalone negative.

never — Emphasizes total or timeless negation.

nor — Use in paired or continued negative clauses.

neither — Use when negating two elements together.

none — Negates a noun or quantity; no one/nothing.

BDB4266 H3808

לֹא or לוֺא adverb not (Arabic , Aramaic לָא, , Sabean לא, Ass. lâ; not in Ethiopic: compare Kö^{ii. 1. 236} Walker^{AJSL 1896, 237 ff.}) — לוֺא, according to Masora (Fr^{MM 248}), 35 t., besides בְּלוֺא 6 t., and הֲלוֺא, the orthography of which varies much (ib.^{p. 251}), e.g. in Samuel always הֲלוֺא, in Chronicles always הֲלֹא, on the whole הֲלוֺא 141 t., הֲלֹא 128 t.; twice, according to Masora, written לו (Qr לֹא), 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2, once לה Deut 3:11 Kt: — not — denying objectively, like οὐ (not μὴ = אַל): —

1. in predication:
a. with a verb; so most frequently, and nearly always
(a) with the finite tenses, whether perfect (Gen 2:5 b Gen 4:5 etc.) or imperfect (Gen 3:4; Gen 8:21; Gen 8:22 etc.); in short circumstantial clauses, as Gen 44:4 לא הרחיקו, Isa 40:20 לֹא יִמּוֺט, and with a final force Isa 41:7; Exod 28:32 (see Ges^{«GKC:156»§ 156}. 3 R. b, c Dr^{§ 162}). Governing two closely connected verbs (Dr^{§ 115}, לא) Exod 28:43 וְלֹא יִשְׂאוּ עָוֺן וָמֵתוּ, Lev 19:12; Lev 19:29b Deut 7:25; Deut 7:26; Deut 19:10; Deut 22:1 and elsewhere; and two parallel clauses (Ges^{«GKC:152»§ 152}. 3) Isa 23:4b Ps 9:19; Ps 44:19; Job 3:1 and elsewhere With the imperfect, especially with 2 person, לֹא often expresses (not, like אַל, a deprecation, do not . . ., let not . . ., but) a prohibition, as Gen 2:17 לֹא תאֹכַל מִמֶּנּוּ thou shall not eat of it, Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Exod 20:3 לֹאיִֿהְיֶה לְךָ there shall not be to thee, etc., vExod 20:13 לא תגנב, etc. With the coh. and jussive moods (which are negatived regularly by אַל), it occurs only exceptionally (Ges^{«GKC:109»§ 109}. 1 b R. 1), Gen 24:8; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 17:12; 2Sam 18:14; 1Kgs 2:6; Ezek 48:14.
(b) with the infinitive (which is negatived by בִּלְתִּי, q. v.), only once, in בְּלֹא (4 a), and with לְ, in the sense of cannot, or must not; Judg 1:19 כי לא להורישׁ for it was not (possible) to dispossess, etc. Amos 6:10 לא ׳להזכיר בשׁם י, 1Chr 5:1; 1Chr 15:2 (Dr^{§ 202. 2}); compare Aramaic לָא Dan 6:9; Ezra 6:8. On its use with the participle, see b c.
(c) לא always negates properly the word immediately following: hence, in a verbal sentence, where this is not the verb, some special stress rests upon it, Gen 32:29 לֹא יַעֲקֹב ׳יֵאָמֵר עוֺד וג not Jacob shall thy name be called any more, but Israel, Gen 45:8 לֹא אַתֶּם שְׁלַחְתֶּם אֹתִי Not ye (in our idiom: It is not ye who) have sent me hither, but God, Exod 16:8; 1Sam 8:7 כִּי לֹא ׳אֹתְךָ מָאָסוּ כִּי אֹתִי וג, Ps 115:17 without a following correcting clause, Gen 38:9; Num 16:29 שְׁלָחָנִי׃ ׳לֹא י Not ׳י (but another) hath sent me, Deut 32:27 לֹא פָּעַל זֹאת ׳י, 1Chr 17:4; Deut 8:9; Isa 28:28 לא לנצח ֗֗֗ not for ever (but only for a while) . . . (so Isa 57:16; Ps 9:19; Ps 49:18; Ps 103:9 but Isa 13:20 לא תשׁב לנצח is, will not be inhabited for ever), Isa 43:22; Job 13:16; Job 32:9 hence rhetorically, insinuating something very different, not named, 2Kgs 6:10 not once, and not twice (but repeatedly), Ezra 10:13; Jer 4:11 a wind לֹא לְזָרוֺת וְלוֺא לְהַָבר׃ not to winnow, and not to cleanse (but to exterminate), Isa 45:13; Isa 48:1b Josh 24:12; Dan 11:20; Dan 11:29; Job 34:20 לֹא בְיָד (but by a Divine agency: compare Dan 2:34 also Job 20:26 אֵשׁ לֹא נֻפָּ֑ךְ fire not blown upon [but kindled from heaven], Lam 4:6 and אין Isa 47:14).
(d) standing alone:
(a) אִםלֹֿא if not, Gen 18:21 וְאִםלֹֿא אֵדָֽעָה׃, Gen 29:49; Gen 42:16; Job 9:24; Job 24:25 (β) הֲאִ֗֗֗םלֿא, or not, Gen 24:21 waiting to know דַּרְכּוֺ אִםלֹֿא ׳הַהִצְלִיחַ י, Gen 27:21; Gen 37:32; Exod 16:4; Num 11:23; Deut 8:2; Judg 2:22 (compare אִם אַיִן, אַיִן 2 d β, δ). In answer to a question or request, to deny, or decline, Nay, Nö: Judg 12:5 ויאמר לא, Hag 2:12 לא אדני Gen 23:11; Gen 42:10; 1Sam 1:15 +; often followed by כי, Nö for . . . = Nö but . . ., Gen 18:15 ויאמר לֹא כִּי צָחָ֑קְתְּ, Gen 19:2; Josh 5:14; Josh 24:21; 1Sam 2:16 Qr (see Dr), 1Sam 10:19 (ᵐ5 MSS), 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:22 (twice in verse) +; Job 23:6 (strangely). (compare, in deprecation, אַל.)
(e) with an interrogative force, which however does not lie in לא as such, but (as in other cases) in the contrast with a preceding clause, or in the tone of voice (compare וְ 1 f; Ew^{§ 324 a} Ges^{«GKC:150»§ 150}. 1 Dr^{1Sam 11:12}): Jonah 4:11 ׳אַתָּה חַסְתָּוַ֗֗֗אֲנִי לֹא אָחוּס וג, Job 2:10; Job 22:11; Exod 8:22; 2Kgs 5:26; Jer 49:9 (|| Obad 1:5 הֲלוֺא), Mal 2:15; Lam 3:38 and in passages, exegesis or text. doubtful (see Commentaries), 1Sam 20:14; 2Sam 23:5 (but see Bu), Hos 10:9 (Ew We), Hos 11:5 (Ew), Job 14:16b (but ᵐ5 Ew Di תַעֲבֹר), Lam 1:12 (Ew Ke), Lam 3:36 (Ke Bä).
b. with adjectives and substantive:
(a) Gen 2:18 לֹא טוֺב הֱֶיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדֹּו not good is man's being alone, Exod 18:17 + often
(b) Exod 4:16 לֹא אִישׁ דְּבָרִים אָנֹכִי, Amos 7:14 לא נביא אנכי, Num 23:9 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב, Deut 17:15 (see אשׁר

2. b) Deut 20:20; Deut 32:47; 1Sam 15:29; 2Sam 18:20 לֹא אִישׁ בְּשׂרָה אַתָּה הַיּוֺם, 2Sam 21:2; 1Kgs 22:33; 2Kgs 6:19 לא זִה הדרך, Mic 2:10; Isa 27:11; Hos 8:6 והמה לא אלהים Jer 2:11; Jer 16:20; 2Kgs 19:18; 1Kgs 19:11 (twice in verse) לֹא ׳בָרַעַשׁ י, Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13; Job 15:9; Job 28:14 לֹא בִי הִיא (|| אֵין עִמָּדִי)s, Ps 74:9; Jer 5:10 המה ׳לוא לי, Jer 10:16; Deut 32:21 בָּנִים לֹא אֵמוּן בָּם, Jer 10:14; Hab 1:14; Job 16:17; Job 38:26 מִדְבָּר לֹא אָדָם בּוֺ; 1Kgs 22:17 לֹא אֲדֹנִים לָאֵלֶּה, Jer 49:31; Ps 22:3 וְלֹא דוּמִיָּה לִי, Job 18:17; Job 18:19; Job 29:12 ולא עֹזֵר לו, Job 30:13; Job 33:9; Jer 2:19 וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ and (that) my terror reached not unto thee, Job 21:9 absolute Gen 29:7 לֹאעֵֿתִ הֵאָסֵף הַמִּקְנֶה (Hag 1:2), Num 20:5; 2Kgs 4:23 לא חדשׁ ולא שׁבת, Isa 44:9; Jer 5:12 ויאמרו לוא הוא, Job 9:32; Job 22:16; Job 36:26; Job 41:2; Prov 19:7 (si vera lectio) מְרַדֵּף אֲמָרִים לֹאהֵֿמָּה words which are not, which are nought.
(c) with the participle לֹא is rare, a finite verb being usually preferred (Exod 34:7 וְנַקִּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה: Ew^{§ 320 c} Dr^{§ 162}): 2Sam 3:34 יָדֶיךָ לֹא אֲסֻרוֺת, Ezek 4:14; Ezek 22:24; Deut 28:61; Ps 38:15 כְּאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר לֹא שֹׁמֵעַ who is not hearing, Job 12:3; Job 13:2 לֹא נֹפֵל אָנֹכִי מִכֶּם, Zeph 3:5 (very anomalous); 1Kgs 10:21 לא is probably textual error In וְהוּא לֹא שׂנֵא לוֺ or לא שׂנא הוא לו, Deut 4:42; Deut 19:4; Deut 19:6; Josh 20:5 (compare אֹיֵב Num 35:23), שׂנֵא is best construed as a substantive, he being a not-hater to him afore-time. — In most of the cases under b, c, אין could have been employed; but the negation by לֹא is more pointed and forcible.

2. Not in predication:
a. coupled to an adjective to negative it, like the Greek ἀ‐, but usually by way of litotes: Hos 13:13 בן לאחֿכם an unwise son, Ps 36:5 דֶּרֶךְ לֹא טוֺב a way not good, Ps 43:1 גוי לא חסיד, Prov 16:29; Prov 30:25; Prov 30:26; Ezek 20:25; 2Chr 30:17 : Isa 16:14 לוֺא כַבִּיר, compare Isa 10:7 לֹא מְעַט.
b. with a participle Jer 2:2 ארץ לא זרועה, Jer 18:15 (the finite verb is more common: see Isa 62:12 עִיר לֹא נֱעֶזָ֫בָה (compare Isa 54:11), Jer 6:8 אֶרֶץ לוֺא נוֺשָׁ֫בָה, Jer 15:18; Jer 22:6; Jer 31:18; Zeph 2:1).
c. Gen 15:13 בארץ לא להם, Jer 5:19; Hab 1:6 מִשְׁכָּנוֺת לֹאלֿוֺ, Prov 26:17 רִיב לֹאלֿוֺ.
d. with a substantive, in poetry, forming a kind of compound, expressing pointedly its antithesis or negation (German un- is sometimes used similarly): Deut 32:5(?). 17. 21 a they made me jealous בְּלֹא אֵל with a not-God (with what in no respect deserved the name of God), v^b בְּלֹא עָם i.e. with an unorganized horde, Amos 6:13 הַשְּׂמֵחִים לְלֹא דָבָר i.e. at a thing which is not, an unreality (of their boasted strength), Isa 10:15 כְּהָרִים מַטֶּה לֹא עֵץ like a rod's lifting up what is no wood (but the agent wielding it), Isa 31:8 חרב לא אישׁ, חרב לא אדם, Isa 55:2 בלוא לחם for what is not bread, בלוא לשׂבעה for what is not for satiety, Jer 5:7 וַיּשָּֽׁבְעוּ בְּלֹא אֱלֹהִים by not-gods, in late prose 2Chr 13:9 כֹּהֵן לְלֹא אֱלֹהִים; Ps 44:13 תִּמְכֹּר עַמְּךָ בְּלֹאהֿוֺן for no-value (i.e. cheaply), Prov 13:23; Job 10:12 צלמות וְלֹא סְדָרִים darkness and disorder; so לֹאעַֿמִּי Hos 1:9; Hos 2:25: still more pregnantly Job 26:2 a מֶהעָֿזַרְתָּ לְלֹאכֹֿחַ (poetic for לאשׁר אין לו כח) the powerless, vJob 26:2b; vJob 26:3a (Ew^{§ 286 g} Ges^{«GKC:152»§ 152}. 1 n.), Job 39:16 הִקְשִׁיחַ בָּנֶיהָ לְלֹא לָהּ useth hardly her young ones (making them) into none of hers; and even Hab 2:6 הַמַּרְבֶּה לֹאלֿוֺ what is not his own (compare Job 18:15 מִבְּלִי לוֺ). compare with a verb, and ellipse of אשׁר, Isa 65:1 לְלֹא שָׁאָ֑לוּ to those who have not asked, v^b Jer 2:8 אַחֲרִי לֹא יוֺעִילוּ, vJer 2:11b; also לֹא רֻחָ֫מָה Hos 1:6; Hos 1:8; Hos 2:25, and probably Job 31:31 לֹא נִשְׂבָּ֑ע (perfect in p.) one not satisfied.
e. in circumstantial clauses (Dr^{§ 164}), in poetry and rare: qualifying a substantive, 2Sam 23:4 בֹּקֶר לֹא עָבוֺת a morning without clouds, Job 12:24 בְּתֹהוּ לֹא דֶרֶךְ in a pathless waste, Job 38:26a; and a verb Job 34:24 יָרֹעַ כַּבִּרִים לֹא חֵקֶר without inquiry, Ps 59:4 לא פשׁעי ולא חטאתי (compare vPs 59:4 בלי עון), in late prose, twice, 1Chr 2:30; 1Chr 2:32 וימת לא בנים (אֵין and בְּלִי, q. v., are more usual in such cases).

3. Once (according to many MSS), as a substantive, Job 6:21 כִּיעַֿתָּה הֱיִיתֶם לֹא for now are ye become nothing, Hi De Kö (compare Dan 4:32 (Aramaic) כְּלָה חֲשִׁיבִין, ᵑ7 here כְּלָא הֲוֵיתוּן, and אַל Job 24:25); but reading fluctuates (Orientals לֹא, Qr לו, Westerns, Baer (see pp. 37, 56) לוֺ ['now are ye become that,' namely the נַחַל אַכְזָב of vJob 24:15]; but even לוֺ yields a forced sense; and text is probably wrong: Mich Ew Ol Sgf Bu כֵּןלִ֗֗֗י (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 also read לִי); Bö Di כִּילְ֗֗֗אָ֑יִן. compare Kö^{ii. 1. 236 f}.

4. With prefixes: —
a. בְּלֹא₃₁ (chiefly in poetry or late), according to the varying significance of בְּ:
(a) usually with not = without, Jer 22:13 בונה ביתו בלאֿ צדק without justice (|| בלא משׁפט; so Ezek 22:29; Prov 16:8), Isa 55:1 (twice in verse); Prov 19:2; Job 8:11 הֲיִגְאֶהגֹּֿמֶא בְּלֹא בִצָּה without mire || כלי מים, Job 30:28 בְּלֹא חַמָּה (=not through the sun), Lam 1:6 וילכו בלאכֿח, Num 35:22 בְּלֹא אֵיבָה ֗֗֗ בְּלֹא צְדִיָּה, vNum 35:23 (followed by infinitive) בְּלֹא רְאוֺת, 2Chr 21:20; Eccl 10:11; Ps 17:1 תְּפִלָּתִי בְּלֹא שִׂפְתֵי מִרְמָה; used more freely in Chronicles, 1Chr 12:18 בְּלֹא חָמָס בְּכַפָּֽי׃, v.1Chr 12:34 בְּלֹא לֵב וָלֵב, 2Chr 30:18 בְּלֹא כַכָּתוּב. With ellipse of rel., Lam 4:14 בְּלֹא יוּכְלוּ יִגְּעוּ without (that) men are able to touch, etc.
(b) of time, in not, i.e. outside of, Lev 15:25 בלא עֶתנִֿדָּתָהּ, before Job 15:32 בלאיֿומו, Eccl 7:17 בְּלֹא עִתֶּךְ׃.
(c) where לֹא belongs to the following word, and is only accidentally preceded by ב (see above 2 d), Deut 32:21 (twice in verse); Jer 5:7; Prov 13:23 בלא משׁפט through injustice; with בְּ pretii, Ps 44:13; Isa 55:2 (twice in verse); Jer 2:11 בְּלוֺא יוֺעִיל for (that which) profiteth not.

b. הֲלֹא nonne ? Gen 4:7 + often Inviting, as it does, an affirmative answer, it is often used,
(a) especially in conversation, for pointing to a fact in such a way as to arouse the interest of the person addressed, or to win his assent: Gen 13:19 Is not the whole land before thee ? Gen 19:20; Gen 20:5; Gen 27:36; Gen 29:25; Exod 4:11 Who maketh dumb or deaf, etc. Do not I ? Exod 33:16; Judg 4:6; Judg 4:14; Judg 8:2; Judg 9:28; Judg 9:38; 1Sam 9:20; 1Sam 9:21; 1Sam 15:17 etc.; with a verb in 1 person, Josh 1:9 הלא צויתיך, Judg 6:14 הלא שׁלחתיך, 1Sam 20:30; 2Sam 19:23; Ruth 2:9: similarly in a poetical or rhetorical style, Judg 5:30 הלא ימצאו יחלקו שׁלל, Isa 8:19; Isa 10:8; Isa 10:9; Isa 10:11; Isa 28:25; Isa 29:17; Isa 40:21; Isa 40:23; Isa 42:24; Isa 43:19 etc., Job 4:6; Job 4:21; Job 7:1; Job 10:10; Job 10:20, etc. (β) it has a tendency to become little more than an affirm. particle, declaring with some rhetorical emphasis what is, or might be, well known: Deut 3:11 הֲלֹה הִיא בְרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֺן, Deut 11:30; 1Sam 21:12 הלוא ׳זה דוד וג (compare 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:5; 2Sam 11:3), 2Sam 23:19; 2Sam 26:1; 2Sam 15:35 it is thus nearly = הִנֵּה (ᵐ5 sometimes represents it by ιδου, as Josh 1:9; Judg 6:14; Ruth 2:9; 2Sam 15:35); so especially in the phrase of the compiler of Kings, And the rest of the acts of . . ., הֲלֹא הֵם (הֵמָּה) כְּתוּבִים are they not written in, etc. ? 1Kgs 11:41; 1Kgs 14:29 + often (with which there interchanges הִנָּם כְּתוּבִים 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 15:11; 2Kgs 15:26; 2Kgs 15:31, which is generally used by the Chronicles, 2Chr 16:11; 2Chr 20:34, etc.), Josh 10:13 (compare 2Sam 1:18 הִנֵּה), 1Kgs 8:53 ᵐ5, Esth 10:2; Ps 56:14 (strangely: contr. Ps 116:8). — הֲלֹא הִנֵּה Hab 2:13; 2Chr 25:26 (הִנָּם). — On Judg 14:15, see הֲ 1 end.

c. וָלֹ֕א and not=and if not, 2Sam 13:26; 2Kgs 5:17. compare וָּיֵשׁ.
d. כְּלוֺא Obad 1:16 והיו כלוא היו, poetic for כאשׁר, as though they had not been.

e. לְלֹא without, literally in the condition of no . . . 2Chr 15:3 (compare לְאֵין, also in Chronicles). Elsewhere לא belongs to the following word, Amos 6:13; 2Chr 13:9; Isa 65:1 (twice in verse); Job 26:2; Job 26:3; Job 39:16 (see above 2 d).

Note. — Fifteen times, according to Masora (see De^{Ps 100. 3} Fr^{MM 247} Str^{Prol. Cr. 84}), לא is written by error for לוֺ, namely Exod 21:8; Lev 11:21; Lev 25:30; 1Sam 2:3; 2Sam 16:18; 2Kgs 8:10; Isa 9:2; Isa 63:9; Ps 100:3; Ps 139:16; Job 13:15; Job 41:4; Prov 19:7; Prov 26:2; Ezra 4:2 (always with Qr לוֺ). The passages must be considered each upon its own merits: in some לוֺ yields a preferable sense; but this is not the case in all. There is the same קרי (rightly) on Isa 49:5; 1Chr 11:20 but these were not considered to rest upon equal authority, and are hence not reckoned with the fifteen. — In Judg 21:22 (see GFM), 1Sam 13:13; 1Sam 20:14 (twice in verse), and in Job 9:33 לֹא יֵשׁ, read probably לֻא for לֹא.

BDB4344 H3808

לוֺ (Kt 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2), לוֺא, see לֹא.

BDB9632 H3808 H3809

לָא (לָה Dan 4:32) adverb not (Biblical Hebrew לא; Aramaic of Têma, Egyptian, etc., לא; Nerab ל (Lzb³⁰¹ Cook^{G1. 67}); ᵑ7 לָא; Syriac ); — not Jer 10:11; Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:10, etc.; before a participle (so rarely in Biblical Hebrew, 1 b c), Dan 2:27; Dan 2:43; Dan 3:16; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15 +, so v.Dan 4:32 וְכָלדָּֿאְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּלָה חֲשׁיבִין; are as men not accounted of (so Bev Behrm Marti, compare Isa 53:8 ᵑ7 בסירין ולא חשׁיבין; > most 'accounted as nothing,' for which no analogy, yet compare Ps 39:6 ᵑ7); followed by אִיתַי, see אִיתַי. With infinitive and לְ Dan 6:9 דִּי לָא לִהַשְׁנָיָה which it is not to alter = which is not to be altered (compare v.Dan 6:16), Ezra 6:8 (K^{§ 67, 1} Dr^{§ 202, 2}.; compare Isa 35:6 ᵑ7, D^{Aramaic Dialektproben, p. 1}). With interr. הֲלָא Dan 3:24; Dan 4:27; Dan 6:13.

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke^{217, 219, 241} S-C^{Pap. C 6, 7} +; lâinnî, however Soc^{Arab. Dial.} see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.

2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

not, no, neither, nor, none, …

lōʾ

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

not, no

not (with verb—absolute prohibition)

אִתְּ כֶ֖ם

אִתְּ

Preposition with, to, unto, against, by, …

כֶ֖ם

Suffix — pronoun your / you (a group)

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Preposition

In the KJV here: with

with ×372 were with ×37 with him ×31 and with ×23 with thee ×18 to ×14 are with ×13 with them ×12

More options

with — Default choice for accompaniment or association.

alongside — Emphasizes physical or relational proximity.

together with — Stresses joint participation or partnership.

against — Use when context implies opposition or conflict.

in the presence of — Highlights being before someone, often formal.

among — Use when embedded within a group or collective.

BDB854 H854

II. אֵת, preposition with — with makkeph אֶתֿ, with suffix אִתִּי, אִתְּךָ, אִתְּכֶם etc. (also, however, אוֺתְךָ, אוֺתוֺ, and similarly מֵאוֺתְךָ, מֵאוֺתוֺ etc.), first in Josh 10:25; Josh 14:12, next 2Sam 24:24 then repeatedly (but not exclusively) 1 Ki 20 — 2 Ki 8, & in Jeremiah, Ezekiel, e.g. 1Kgs 20:25 (but v1Kgs 20:23 אִתָּם) 1Kgs 22:7; 1Kgs 22:8; 1Kgs 22:24 (beside מֵאִתִּי) 2Kgs 1:15; 2Kgs 3:11; 2Kgs 3:12; 2Kgs 3:26; 2Kgs 6:16 (beside מֵאִתּוֺ) 2Kgs 8:8; Jer 2:35; Jer 10:5; Jer 16:8; Jer 19:10; Jer 20:11; Ezek 2:6; Ezek 10:17; Ezek 23:23; Ezek 37:26 (see below 1 d; also Isa 59:21, contr. Gen 17:4: on שָׁכַב אֹתָהּ Gen 34:2 and elsewhere, see below שָׁכַב, & compare Dr^{Sm ii. 13, 14}) preposition denoting proximity (synonym עִם; Phoenician את, e.g. CIS^{i. 3, 8} לא יכן לם משכב את רפאם let there not be for them a resting-place with the shades; Assyrian itti (perhaps akin to ittu 'side,' Dl^{Pr 115} Hpt KAT^{2. 498}; but compare Nö^{ZMG '86, 738 f.}). Not found as yet in the other cognate languages: but compare Ethiopic 'enta, towards, which supports the view; that אֵת is for 'int [compare תֵּת, תִּתִּי], perhaps from √ אנה to meet Ol^{p. 431} Prät^{ZMG '73, 643} Lag^{M i. 226}).

1. Of companionship, together with: Gen 6:13 behold, I destroy them אֶתהָֿאָרֶץ together with the earth, Gen 11:31; Gen 12:4 + often, especially with verbs of dwelling, abiding, going, etc., as Judg 1:3; Judg 14:11; Judg 19:4, & in the phrase הָעָם אֲשֶׁר אִתּוֺ Judg 4:13; Judg 7:1; Judg 9:33; Judg 9:48; 1Sam 14:20; 1Sam 30:4 etc.; thou, and thy sons אִתָּֽךְ ׃ ֗֗֗ with thee Gen 6:18 similarly (3rd person) Gen 7:7; Gen 7:13; Gen 8:18; Gen 9:8 and elsewhere (character of P: Dr^{Intr 124}); הִתְהַלֵּךְ אֶתהָֿאֱלֹהִים to walk with God, i.e. to have him as a companion (that is, by adopting a course of life pleasing to him) Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9 (compare הִתְהַלֵּךְ אֵת literal 1Sam 25:15); — by the side of, like Isa 45:9, equally with Lev 26:39, in common with Jer 23:28b (compare עִם 1 e, f). Hence, in particular —
a. with for the purpose of help: Num 14:9 אִתָּנוּ ׳וי, Josh 14:12 (אוֺתִי, as Jer 20:11) Judg 1:19; 2Kgs 6:16; 2Kgs 9:32 מִי אִתִּי מִי who is on my side, who ? כִּי אִתְּךָ אֲנִי Isa 43:5; Jer 1:18; Jer 1:19 +; Isa 63:3; Ps 12:5 our lips are with us, on our side; in the phrase אֵת ׳(הָֽיְתָה) יַד פּ 2Sam 14:19; 2Kgs 15:19; Jer 26:24 נָשָׂא אֵת to bear together with, i.e. to assist Exod 18:22; Num 11:17. Exceptionally, = with the help of: Gen 4:1 for I have gotten a man ׳אֶתיֿ with the help of ׳י (compare עם 1Sam 14:45) Gen 49:25 (where, however, the parallelism, & ᵑ7 ᵑ6 ⅏ favour וְאֵל שַׁדַּי for וְאֵת שַׁדַּי) Mic 3:8 compare Esth 9:29.
b. beside (German neben): Gen 39:6 לֹא יָדַע אִתּוֺ מְאוּמָה he knew not with him, beside him, aught (i.e. Joseph managed everything), vGen 39:8; Exod 20:23 לֹא תַעֲשׂוּן אִתִּ֑י ye shall not make (aught) beside me.
c. beside = in the presence of (rare): Gen 20:16b and before all thou shalt be righted, Isa 30:8; Mic 6:1. In this sense ׳אֶתפְּֿנֵי פּ is more frequently, see below פָּנִים
d. of intercourse of different kinds with another, e.g. after verbs of making a covenant or contract, or (less often) of speaking or dealing: (α) Gen 9:9; Gen 15:18; Gen 17:4 (Ezek 16:60; Isa 59:21 -אוֺת) Josh 10:4; 1Kgs 3:1 etc.; compare 1Sam 2:13 (but here הַכֹּהֵן מֵאֶתֿ is probably to be read with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ke We etc., compare Deut 18:3). (β) Gen 17:3; Gen 42:30 דִּבֶּר אִתָּנוּ קָשׁוֺת, 1Kgs 8:15; Ps 109:2, & especially in Jeremiah and Ezekiel (as Jer 1:16; Jer 4:12 [Jer 52:9 אִתּוֺ] Jer 5:5; Jer 12:1; Ezek 2:1; Ezek 3:22; Ezek 3:24; Ezek 3:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 44:5 — all -אוֺת); Gen 24:49 to perform kindness אֵת (עִם is here more genl.), 2Sam 16:17 זֶה חַסְדְּךָ אֶתרֵֿעֶךָ֑, Ruth 2:20; וְאַתָּה עשֶֹׁה אִתִּי רָעָה, Deut 1:30; Deut 10:21; 1Sam 12:7 b, (-אוֺת) Jer 21:2; Jer 33:9; Ezek 7:27; Ezek 16:59; Ezek 22:14; Ezek 23:25; Ezek 23:29; Ezek 39:24 absolute Ezek 17:17; Ezek 20:44; Ps 109:21; Zeph 3:19 (γ) in a pregnant sense, (in dealing) with, i.e. towards (rare): Isa 66:14; Ps 67:2 יָאֵר פָּנָיו אִתָּנוּ make his face to shine with (= toward) us (varied from אֶל Num 6:25) Deut 28:8 faithful with Ps 78:8 (compare vPs 78:37 נָכוֺן עִם); Ezek 2:6 (אוֺתָ֑ךְ); Judg 16:15 וְלֹבְּךָ אֵין אִתִּי. (δ) often with verbs of fighting, striving, contending, as Gen 14:2; Gen 14:8; Gen 14:9; Num 20:13; Isa 45:9 a Isa 50:8; Ps 35:1; Prov 23:11 with בָּא בְמִשְׁפָּט Ps 143:2 (Isa 3:14 and elsewhere עִם).

2. Of localities, especially in the phrase אֲשֶׁר אֵת describing a site: Judg 3:19; Judg 4:11 אֲשֶׁר אֶתקֶֿדֶשׁ which is near Kedesh, 1Kgs 9:26; 2Kgs 9:27 (compare עם 2, which is commoner in this sense); Ezek 43:8; Exod 33:21 הִנֵּה מָקוֺם אִתִּי. Perhaps, anomalously, 1Sam 7:16 at or by all those places (but see Dr); in 2Sam 15:23 עַלפְּֿנֵי דֶרֶךְ אֶתהַֿמִּדְבָּר, אֵת = towards is against analogue: read with ᵐ5^L עַלפָּֿנָיו דֶּרֶךְ הַזַּיִת אֲשֶׁר בַּמִּדְבָּר; 1Kgs 9:25 אִתּוֺ beside it (that is, the altar); but עָלָיו 1Kgs 13:1 etc. would be idiomatic, & for אִתּוֺ אֲשֶׁר Klo proposes plausibly אֶתאִֿשֹּׁוֺ (see Exod 30:20).

3. ׳אֵת פּ denotes specially,
a. in one's possession or keeping: Gen 27:15; Gen 30:29 thou knowest אֵת אֲשֶׁר הָיָה מִקְנְךָ אִתִּי ֗֗֗ how thy cattle fared with me, vGen 30:33; Lev 5:23; Lev 19:13; Deut 15:3; Judg 17:2; 1Sam 9:7 מָה אִתָּנוּ = what have we ? 1Sam 25:29; Isa 49:4 my right is with Jehovah (contr. Isa 40:27), Jer 8:8; Ps 38:11 the light of mine eyes also אֵין אִתִּי i.e. is gone from me, Prov 3:28; Prov 8:18 in his power, Jer 10:5 הֵיטֵיב אֵין אוֺתָם is not in their power, perhaps Ps 12:5. A dream, or the word of ׳י, is said to be אֵת with a prophet, 2Kgs 3:12; Jer 23:28; Jer 27:18. Metaph. of a mental quality, Prov 11:2; Prov 13:10.
b. in one's knowledge or memory: Isa 59:12 פְּשָׁעֵינוּ אִתָּנוּ our transgressions are with us, i.e. present to our minds (|| וַעֲוֺנֹתֵינוּ יְדַעֲנוּם), Job 12:3 אֶתמִֿיאֵֿין כְּמוֺאֵֿלָּה with whom are not (i.e. who knoweth not ? τίς οὐ σύνοιδε;) things like these ? Job 14:5 אִתָּךְ i.e. known to thee, Prov 2:1; Gen 40:14; Jer 12:3 (Ew Gf towards thee, as 1 d γ). So אִםיֵֿשׁ אֶתנַֿפְשְׁכֶם Gen 23:8 [2Kgs 9:15 ׳נ alone], אֶתלְֿבָבְךָ 2Kgs 10:15. compare עם 4 b, which is more frequent in this sense.

4. מֵאֵת (מֵאִתִּי, etc.; also -מֵאוֺת) from proximity with (like Greek παρά with a genitive, From de chez; in Syriac, Arabic , corresponding synonym מֵעִם; see below): coupled almost always with persons (contrast מֵעִם, a). Thus
a. with קָנָה to buy Gen 25:10 + often (compare Gen 17:27); לָקַח Gen 42:24; Exod 25:2; Lev 25:36; Num 17:17 + often; נָשָׂא Ps 24:5 שִׁלַּח, as Gen 8:8 וַיְשַׁלַּח אֶתהַֿיּוֺנָה מֵאִתּוֺ and he sent forth the dove from with him Gen 26:27 הָלַךְ Gen 26:31; 1Kgs 18:12; 1Kgs 20:36; Jer 9:1, of a wife deserting her husband Judg 19:2 וַתֵּלֶךְ מֵאִתּוֺ, Jer 3:1 (compare Isa 57:8); with simile words Gen 38:1; Deut 2:8; 1Kgs 11:23; Jer 2:37 (see Exod 5:20); Isa 54:10; Ps 66:20 with שָׁאַל Judg 1:14; 1Kgs 2:16; Ps 27:4 +, דָּרַשׁ 1Kgs 22:7 and elsewhere, שָׁמַע 1Sam 2:23. — ׳מֵאֵת פְּנֵי פּ Gen 27:30; Gen 43:34; Exod 10:11; Job 2:7; Lev 10:4 (הַקֹּדֶשׁ), 2Kgs 16:14 (הַבַּיִת). Hence
b. of rights or dues, handed over from, given on the part of, any one: Gen 47:22 חֹק מֵאֵת פַּרְעֹה; often in P, as Gen 23:20; Exod 27:21 a perpetual due מֵאֵת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל from, or on the part of, the children of Israel, Lev 7:34 b Lev 24:8; Num 3:9; Num 7:84 +; Deut 18:3; 1Sam 2:13 (ᵐ5, etc.; see 1 d) 2Sam 15:3 וְשֹׁמֵעַ אֵיןלְֿךָ מֵאֵת הַמֶּלֶךְ but there is none to hear thee deputed of the king, 1Kgs 5:14.
c. expressing origination: 1Kgs 1:27 אִם מֵאֵת אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶךְ נִהְיָה. Especially ׳מֵאֵת י — of a concrete object proceeding from him: Gen 19:24 (brimstone), Num 11:31 (a wind), Num 16:35 (fire), 1Sam 16:14 (evil spirit), Isa 38:7 (a sign), Jer 51:53 (wasters), Mic 5:6 (dew); of wrath Zech 7:12 (compare Num 17:11), teaching Isa 51:4, the word of prophecy Jer 7:1 (so Jer 11:1; Jer 18:1 + often in Jeremiah) Jer 37:17; Ezek 33:30 with 'have I (we) heard' Isa 21:10; Isa 28:22; Jer 49:14 (= Obad 1:1); of an event, or phase of history Josh 11:20 הָֽיְתָה ׳מֵאֵת י it came of ׳י to..., 1Kgs 12:24; Hab 2:13; Ps 118:23 הָֽיְתָה זאֹת ׳מֵאֵת י (ᵐ5 παρὰ Κυρίου) Ezra 9:8; Neh 6:16 of trouble (רָעָה) 2Kgs 6:33; Mic 1:12 (יָרַד); of a good or evil lot, having its source in ׳י Jer 13:25; Isa 54:17; Ps 109:20, compare Job 2:10; Ps 22:26 מֵאִתְּךָ תְהִלָּתִי from thee cometh my praise (thou art the source of it); Isa 44:24 Qr מֵאִתִּי of myself (compare ἀπ’ ἐμαυτοῦ John 5:30 Kt is מִי אִתִּי who was with me ?), John 54:15 אֶפֶס מֵאוֺתִי not at my instance (compare לֹא מִנִּי John 30:1, לֹא מִמֶּנִּי Hos 8:4).
d. of a place 1Kgs 6:33 (corrupt: read with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 [partly] מְזוּזֹת רְבֻעוֺת, & compare Ezek 41:21).

Note. אֵת expresses closer association than עִם: hence while מֵעִם sometimes denotes hardly more than from the surroundings or belongings of, מֵאֵת expresses from close proximity to. Thus Saul asks, מִי הָלַךְ מֵעִמָּנוּ who has gone from (those) about us ? but Jacob, speaking of the loss of Joseph, says, Gen 44:28 וַיֵּצֵא הָאֶחָד מֵאִתִּי and the one is gone from with me. מֵאֵת is accordingly preferred to מֵעִם in the sense of origination or authorship; מאת is not usual in the sense of מֵעִם c, nor מֵעִם in the sense of מֵאֵת
b..

with, to, unto, against, by, …

ʾēt

properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc

with, near, together with

with, together with

לְ בַדְּ כֶ֑ם

לְ

Prefix — preposition to, for

בַדְּ

Root word beside, alone, only, staves, themselves, …

כֶ֑ם

Suffix — pronoun your / you (a group)

Dictionary form: בַּד · bahd

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: you only

beside ×37 alone ×24 only ×24 the staves ×13 by themselves ×10 apart ×8 and the staves ×5 and beside ×4

More options

alone — Best for isolation or solitude contexts.

apart — Use when physical or conceptual separation is stressed.

besides — Preferred for additive 'in addition to' sense.

only — Use when exclusivity or restriction is the focus.

by themselves — Emphasizes separateness of a group or set.

pole — Concrete noun sense; use for carrying-poles of the ark.

BDB910 H905 H907

II, III. בַּד see below I, II. בדד.

BDB913 H905

II. בַּד, בָּ֑ד noun masculine separation, concrete part (, portion) — suffix (always with לְ) לְבַדִּי, לְבַדּוֺ etc., 3 feminine plural Gen 21:28 לְבַדְּהֶן, vGen 21:29 לְבַדָּ֫נָה; —

1. with לְ, only in singular, לְבַד properly in a state of (see below לְ) separation, alone, by itself (French à part).
a. Exod 26:9 (= Exod 36:16) five curtains לְבַד by themselves, and six curtains לְבַד by themselves, Judg 7:5 him shalt thou set לבד apart, Zech 12:12-14.
b. with suffix (89 t.) to express the idea of by oneself, alone (properly in his, thy, my separation), Gen 2:18 it is not good for man to be לְבַדּוֺ alone, Gen 21:28 and A. set the seven lambs לְבַדְּהֶן by themselves (literally in their separation), Gen 32:17; Gen 43:32; 2Sam 10:8; Isa 5:8; Gen 42:38 הוּא לְבַדּוֺ he alone, Exod 18:14 אַתָּה לְבַדְּךָ thou alone, Num 11:14 אָנֹכִי לְבַדִּי I alone, 1Kgs 19:10; 1Kgs 19:14; Deut 8:3 not upon bread alone, Deut 29:13; 2Sam 13:32; 2Sam 18:24; Isa 44:24; Isa 49:21; Isa 63:3 +; after an oblique case, as a dative Exod 22:19; Judg 3:20; Ps 51:6 לְךָ לְבַדְּךָ against thee alone have I sinned; a genitive Ps 71:16 I will make mention of צִדְקָֽתְךָ לְבֶַדּךָ׃ the righteousness of thee alone.
c. as adverb of limitation, Isa 26:13 only through thee do we celebrate thy name, Eccl 7:29.
d. followed by מִן it becomes a preposition, apart from, besides, Exod 12:37; Num 29:39; Deut 3:5; Deut 18:8 (read מִמְּכָרָיו with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Aq Ew Di) Judg 8:26; Judg 20:15 and elsewhere (15 t.); once, Ezra 1:6, with עַל instead of מִן.
e. מִלְּבַד₃₃ (probably inverted for לְבַד מִן besides) (chiefly P and late): Gen 26:1; Gen 46:26; Lev 9:17; Lev 23:38 (4 t.) Num 5:8; Num 6:21; Num 17:14 + 12 t. 28-29; Deut 28:69; Josh 22:29; 1Kgs 10:13; 1Chr 3:9; 2Chr 9:12; 2Chr 17:19; 2Chr 31:16; Ezra 2:65 = Neh 7:67; Dan 11:4. With suffix Deut 4:35 אֵין עוֺד מִלְּבַדּוֺ there is none else besides him (compare מִבַּלְעָדַי Isa 45:21).

2. concrete part Exod 30:34 (P) בַּד בְּבַד יִהְיֶה part for (i.e. like; compare בְּ

III. 3. end) part shall it be.

3. בַּדִּים parts, specifically extended from something, i.e.
(a) of a body, members, limbs Job 18:13 (of man), Job 41:4 (of crocodile);
(b) of a vine, rods or shoots Ezek 17:6; Ezek 19:14
(c) of poles or staves used for carrying the ark Exod 25:13; Exod 25:14; Exod 25:15; Exod 35:12; Exod 37:4; Exod 37:5; Exod 39:35; Exod 40:20; Num 4:6; 1Kgs 8:7; 1Kgs 8:8 (twice in verse) (= 2Chr 5:8; 2Chr 5:9 (twice in verse)), or table of shewbread Exod 25:27; Exod 25:28; Exod 35:13; Exod 37:14; Exod 37:15; Num 4:8, or altar of B. O. Exod 27:6 (twice in verse); Exod 27:7 (twice in verse); Exod 35:16; Exod 38:5; Exod 38:6; Exod 38:7; Exod 39:39; Num 4:14, or altar of incense Exod 30:4; Exod 30:5; Exod 35:15; Exod 37:27; Exod 37:28; Num 4:11
(d) more generally bars (of fortress) Hos 11:6, (of a gate) Job 17:16 figurative בַּדֵּי שְׁאֹל (see Isa 38:10).

**Job 17:16 read הַעִמָּדִי (for בַּדֵּי) ᵐ5 Du Dr, with נֵחָ֑ת in v^b (for נָחַ֑ת).

beside, alone, only, staves, themselves, …

bad

properly, separation; by implication, a part of the body, branch of a tree, bar for carrying; figuratively, chief of a city; especially (with prepositional prefix) as an adverb, apart, only, besides

alone, by itself, besides, a part, separation, being alone

separation, alone, by itself

only (adv)

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: אָנֹכִי · aw-noh-KEE

Noun — Common, singular

In the KJV here: do i

i ×240 and i ×33 am i ×11 but i ×5 for i ×5 even i ×4 have i ×4 will i ×4

More options

I — Standard first-person singular pronoun; broadest default choice.

me — Use when the pronoun is in object position.

myself — Use for reflexive or emphatic self-reference.

it is I — Emphatic identificational clause; mirrors 'I am' contexts.

BDB593 H595

אָֽנֹכִ֫י אָנֹ֑כִי (once Job 33:9 אָֽנֹכִ֑י pronoun 1 singular common I; Gen 3:10; Gen 7:4; Gen 15:1; Gen 15:2; Gen 16:5 + often With הֲ הֶאָנֹכִי Num 11:12; Job 21:4. (Assyrian anâku, Phoenician & Moabite אנך: not in Arabic, Aramaic, Ethiopic; but ku appears as the affix of the 1 singular in the Ethiopic verb (e.g. waladku = Hebrew יָלַדְתִּי). אָנֹכִי and אֲנִי appear to be two parallel formations (both containing the element ani [compare the suffix , נִי-] or ana, & one strengthened by the addition of the demonstrative basis Ku [probably akin to כָּא, כֹּה here]: compare Sta^{§ 179} W^{SG 95 f.} 98-101), of which, in most of the Semitic languages, one prevailed to the exclusion of the other, but which in Hebrew maintained their place side by side.) In some cases אני and אנכי appear capable of being used indiffer-ently; in others the choice seems to have been determined, partly by rhythmical considera-tions, partly by a growing preference for אֲנִי among later writers. Thus when appended to the verb for emphasis (whether with or without גַּם) the lighter form אֲנִי is nearly always used ( Lev 20:5; Lev 26:24; Lev 26:32; Deut 12:30; Judg 1:3; Judg 8:23; 2Sam 12:28; 2Sam 17:15; 2Sam 18:2; 2Sam 18:22; Jer 17:18; Jer 21:5; Ezek 17:22; Job 13:2 +; compare the cases Gen 27:34; 1Sam 25:24; 2Sam 19:1; 1Kgs 1:26; Prov 23:15); on the contrary, in the emphatic rhetorical style of Deuteronomy, אָנֹכִי is preferred (in the discourses, uniformly, except Deut 12:30, in accusative with usage just noted, & Deut 29:5 in a standing expression; on Deut 32:48; Deut 32:51 (P) compare below) In particular phrases, also, usage prefers sometimes אֶני sometimes אָנכי thus there occurs חַיאָֿנִי Num 14:21 & always, except Deut 32:40 (אָ֑נִי) אִתְּךָ אֲנִי (Jer 1:9; Jer 1:19; Jer 30:11; Jer 46:18; Isa 43:2; Isa 43:5); אֲנִי יהוה Exod 6:2; Exod 6:6; Exod 6:8 & elsewhere in P, & especially frequently in H (Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:6 etc.) & Ezekiel, also Gen 15:7; Gen 28:13; Deut 29:5; Judg 6:10 +; (אנכי יהוה much less frequently; only J E & prophetic writers, Exod 20:2 = Deut 5:6; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Ps 81:11; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:9; Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15 (Exod 4:11 is different); compare Dr^{JPh xi. 224 f.}); אני אמרתי Isa 38:10 (Hez.) Isa 49:4; Jer 5:4; Jer 10:19 (Jer 3:19 אנכי) Ruth 4:4; Ps 30:7; Ps 31:23; Ps 41:5; Ps 82:6 +; ויאמר אָ֫נִי (in response to a question) Gen 27:24; Judg 13:11; 2Sam 20:17; 1Kgs 13:14; 1Kgs 18:8 (אנכי ׳וי only 2Sam 2:20 on the contrary, with a predicate, אָנֹבִי is regularly employed, Gen 24:34; 1Sam 30:13; 2Sam 1:8 עֲמָלֵקִי אָנֹ֑בִי 2Sam 11:5; 2Sam 20:17; Isa 6:5; Jer 1:6; Jonah 1:9); (הִנְנִי) וַאֲנִי הִנֵּה Gen 6:17; Gen 9:9; Exod 31:6; Num 3:12 + (but הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי Gen 24:14; Gen 24:43; Gen 25:32; Exod 3:13; Exod 19:9 +; הִנֵּה אֲנִי is very uncommon; see ib.²²⁶). So far as the usage of particular books is concerned, in the Pentateuch (except Deuteronomy) אֲנִי is used in P (including H) always (about 130 t.) except Gen 23:4 (compare Ezekiel below); in J E אנכי is preferred, though not exclusively (Gen 81:48). In Samuel there are 50 instances of each form. Jeremiah has some 54 instances of אֶני 37 of אנכי. In later books the preponderance of אֲנִי is evident. Thus in Ezekiel אני occurs 138 t., אנכי once Gen 36:28 (perhaps a reminiscence of Jer 11:4 b Jer 24:7; Jer 30:22); in Lamentations, Haggai, Ezra, Esther, Ecclesiastes אני 45 t., אנכי never; in Chronicles אני 30 t., אנכי once 1Chr 17:1 (from 2Sam 7:2); in Daniel אני 23 t., אנכי once 2Sam 10:11. See more fully Gies^{ZAW 1881, 251-8} Dr^{l.c. 222-7}.

BDB597 H595

אָֽנֹכִי pronoun 1 singular see above below אֲנִי.

i, me, which

ʾānōkî

I

I (first pers. sing.)

כֹּרֵת֙

Root word off, made, make, down, cut, …

Dictionary form: כָּרַת · kaw-RAHT

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: make

shall be cut off ×23 made ×17 and i will cut off ×12 cut off ×10 and cut off ×9 be cut off ×9 to cut off ×8 he made ×7

More options

cut off — Best for severing, removing, or eliminating a person or thing.

make (a covenant) — Idiomatic use; prefer when the object is a treaty or covenant.

cut down — Use for felling trees or striking down enemies physically.

eliminate — Stronger, modern register; suits judicial or divine removal.

destroy — When total eradication or annihilation is emphasized.

forge (an agreement) — Contemporary idiom for covenant-making in diplomatic contexts.

BDB4216 H3772 H3773

כָּרַת₂₉₁ verb cut off, cut down (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian karâtu, II. hew off Dl^{HWB 357}); —

Qal Perfect ׳כ Gen 15:18 + 19 t.; 2 masculine singular כָּרָ֑תָּ Deut 20:20 1 singular כָּרַתִּי Exod 34:27 + 15 t.; + 8 t. Perfect; Imperfect יִכְרֹת Job 40:28 + 21 t.; 2 masculine singular תִּכְרָתֿ Isa 57:8 1 singular אֶכְרוֺת Isa 61:8; 1Sam 11:2 אֶכְרְתָה Isa 55:3 3 masculine plural יִכְרֹ֑תוּ Hos 12:2; Ps 83:6 1 plural נִכְרְתָה Gen 26:28; Gen 31:44 suffix נִכְרְתֶנּוּ Jer 11:19 + 31 t. Imperfect Imperative כְּרָתֿ 1Sam 11:1 כָּרְתָה 2Sam 3:12 + 4 t. Imperative; Infinitive absolute כָּרֹת Hos 10:4 כָּרוֺת Neh 9:8 construct כְּרֹת Jer 34:8 + 2 t.; כְּרָתֿ Isa 44:14 + 2 t.; כְּרוֺת 2Chr 2:7; 2Chr 29:10 suffix כָּרְתִי 1Sam 24:12 Participle active כֹּרֵת Exod 34:10 + 3 t.; + 3 t. Participle active passive כָּרוּת Lev 22:24 construct כְּרוּת Deut 23:2 plural ת[וֺ]כְּרֻת 1Kgs 7:12 + 3 t.; —

1. cut off :
a. things: with accusative foreskin Exod 4:25 (J); privy member Lev 22:24 (H) Deut 23:2 cluster of grapes Num 13:23; Num 13:24 (E); bough of tree Judg 9:48; Judg 9:49 skirt 1Sam 24:5; 1Sam 24:6; 1Sam 24:12 head of man 1Sam 17:51; 1Sam 31:9; 1Sam 2:22 garments 2Sam 10:4 = 1Chr 19:4 palms of hands 1Sam 5:4 sprigs Isa 18:5.
b. persons, with accusative of person מִן location Jer 11:19; Jer 50:16.

2. cut down, with accusative tress Deut 19:5; Deut 20:19; Deut 20:20; 2Kgs 19:23 = Isa 37:24; Isa 44:14; Jer 6:6; Jer 10:3; Jer 22:7; Jer 46:23; Ezek 31:12 asherim Exod 34:13 (J) Judg 6:25; Judg 6:26; Judg 6:30; 1Kgs 15:13 = 2Chr 15:16; 2Kgs 18:4; 2Kgs 23:14

3. hew, timber 1Kgs 5:20 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 2:7; 2Chr 2:15; Isa 14:8 כֹּרְתֵי הָעֵצִים hewers of timber 2Chr 2:9 כְּרֻת(וֺ)ת hewn beams 1Kgs 6:36; 1Kgs 7:2; 1Kgs 7:12

4. בְּרִית ׳כ cut, or make a covenant (because of the cutting up and distribution of the flesh of the victim for eating in the sacrifice of the covenants, see בְּרִית); ׳הָעֵגֶל אֲשֶׁר כ the calf which they cut Jer 34:18 (referring to Gen 15:10); עֲלֵיזֶֿבַח Ps 50:5 absolute Gen 21:27; Gen 21:32; Gen 31:44 (E) 1Sam 18:3; 1Kgs 5:26; Hos 10:4 with אֶת with Gen 15:18; Exod 34:27; Deut 31:16 (J) Deut 5:3; Deut 28:69 (twice in verse); Deut 29:13; 2Sam 3:12; 2Sam 3:13; 2Sam 3:21; 2Kgs 17:15; 2Kgs 17:35; 2Kgs 17:38; Isa 28:15; Jer 11:10; Jer 31:31; Jer 31:32; Jer 31:33; Jer 34:8; Jer 34:13; Ezek 17:13; Zech 11:10; Ps 105:9 = 1Chr 16:16 with עִם Gen 26:28 (J) Exod 24:8 (E) Deut 4:23; Deut 5:2; Deut 9:9; Deut 29:11; Deut 29:24; 1Kgs 8:21 = 2Chr 6:11; 2Chr 23:3; Neh 9:8; Hos 2:20; Hos 12:2; Job 40:28 ׳בְּ omitted 1Sam 20:16; 1Sam 22:8; 1Kgs 8:9 = 2Chr 5:10 with לְ Exod 23:32; Exod 34:12; Exod 34:15; Josh 9:6; Josh 9:7; Josh 9:11; Josh 9:15; Josh 9:16; Josh 24:25 (JE) Deut 7:2; Judg 2:2; 1Sam 11:1; 2Sam 5:3; 1Kgs 20:34; 2Kgs 11:4; 1Chr 11:3; 2Chr 21:7; 2Chr 29:10; Ezra 10:3; Isa 55:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 32:40; Ezek 34:25; Ezek 37:26; Job 31:1; Ps 89:4 ׳בְּ omitted 1Sam 11:2; 2Chr 7:18 נֶגֶד Exod 34:10 (J); לִפְנֵי 1Sam 23:18; 2Kgs 23:3 = 2Chr 34:31; Jer 34:15; Jer 34:18 בֵּין וּבֵין 2Kgs 11:17; 2Chr 23:16 with עַל against, Ps 83:6 אֲמָנָה is used for ברית Neh 10:1 and דָּבָר Hag 2:5.

Note. — וַתִּכְרָתלָֿךְ מֵהֶם Isa 57:8 is usually rendered as RV made for thee a covenant with them, with ellipsis of ׳בּ as above. But מִן is not used in such a construction. The clause is commonly regarded as corrupt by recent critics. Gr emends עִמָּהֶם for מֵהֶם, this is easiest and gives the usual construction; Du followed by Buhl, reads וַתִּכְרִי after Hos 3:2.

Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִכְרַת Joel 1:5 + 5 t.; נִכְרָ֑ת Joel 1:16 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular נִכְרְתָה Gen 17:14 + 16 t.; נִכְרָ֑תָה Ps 37:38 2 masculine singular נִכְרַתָּ Obad 1:10 + 8 t. Perfect; Imperfect יִכָרֵת Gen 9:11 + 21 t.; יִכָּֽרֶתֿ Obad 1:9 3 masculine plural יִכָּֽרְתוּ Zech 13:8 יִכָּרֵת֑וּן Josh 3:13; Ps 37:9 + 9 t. Imperfect; Infinitive הִכָּרֵת Num 15:31; Ps 37:34. —

1. be cut off:
a. of things, forward tongue Prov 10:31 burden from a nail Isa 22:25 chariots Zech 9:10 dwelling Zeph 3:7.
b. of persons, the people of the land by a famine (בְּ) Gen 41:36 (E); all flesh by waters of deluge (מִמֵּי) Gen 9:11 (P); the anointed Dan 9:26 enemies Isa 11:13; Mic 5:8 the wicked Isa 29:20; Hos 8:4; Nah 2:1; Ps 37:9; Ps 37:22; Ps 37:28; Ps 37:34; Ps 37:38; Prov 2:22 others Obad 1:9; Obad 1:10; Zeph 1:11; Zech 13:8; Zech 14:2.
c. in the technical phrases of H and P וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ ההיא that person shall be cut off (by death penalty) מֵעַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:14; Lev 7:20; Lev 7:21; Lev 7:25; Lev 7:27; Num 9:13; Lev 19:8 מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Exod 12:15; Num 19:13 מֵעֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל Exod 12:19 מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Exod 31:14; Num 15:30 (עַמָּהּ); מִלְּפָנַי Lev 22:3 מִתּוֺךְ הַקָּהָל Num 19:20 similarly with variation of subject Exod 30:33; Exod 30:38; Lev 17:4; Lev 17:9; Lev 18:29; Lev 20:18; Lev 23:29, and with omission of word with מִן Lev 17:14; Lev 20:17; Num 15:31 (twice in verse).

2. be cut down, a tree Job 14:7.

3. be chewed between the teeth Num 11:33 (J).

4. be cut off, in a more general sense, fail: of waters Josh 3:13; Josh 3:16 (JE) Josh 4:7 (twice in verse) (D); new wine Joel 1:5 meat vJoel 1:16 hope Prov 23:18; Prov 24:14 a name Isa 48:19; Isa 56:5; Ruth 4:10 a sign Isa 55:13 faithfulness Jer 7:28 אִישׁ ׳לֹא יִכָּרֵת לְ there shall not fail thee a man 1Kgs 2:4; 1Kgs 8:25 = 2Chr 6:16; 1Kgs 9:5 = 2Chr 7:18; Jer 33:17; Jer 33:18; Jer 35:19 לא יכרת מן there shall not fail of Josh 9:23 (J) 2Sam 3:29.

Pual Perfect כָּרַּת Ezek 16:4 3 feminine singular כֹּרָ֑תָה Judg 6:28 —

1. be cut off, navel string Ezek 16:4.

2. be cut down, Asherah Judg 6:28.

Hiph`il Perfect הִכְרִית 1Sam 28:9; 1Kgs 11:16 3 feminine singular הִכְרִיתָה Lev 26:22 1 singular הִכְרַתִּי Josh 23:4 + 32 t.; + 4 t. Perfect; Imperfect יַכְרִית Deut 12:29 + 2 t.; jussive יַכְרֵת Ps 12:4 + 4 t.; 1 singular וָאַכְרִ֫תָה 2Sam 7:9 1 plural suffix וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה Jer 48:2 + 9 t. Imperfect; Infinitive הַכְרִית Jer 44:8 + 15 t.; הַכְרִת 1Sam 20:15 + suffix 2 t. —

1. cut off, flattering lips Ps 12:4.

2. cut off, destroy the life of:
a. animals with accusative, cattle Lev 26:22 (H); with accusative and מִן frogs Exod 8:5 (J); horses Mic 5:9; Zech 9:10.
b. of men abs. Ps 109:13, by men, with accusative enemies Judg 4:24; 1Sam 24:22; 1Kgs 11:16; 1Kgs 14:14; 1Kgs 18:4; 2Chr 22:7; Isa 10:7; Ezek 17:17; Obad 1:14 with accusative and מִן enemies Josh 11:21; Jer 48:2 the wicked Ps 101:8 a clan Num 4:18 (P); young men by death Jer 9:20 people by the sword Nah 3:15 necromancers 1Sam 28:9 the name Josh 7:9.
c. of men, by God with accucusative. (הַ)גּוֺיִם Deut 19:1; Josh 23:4 (D) Zeph 3:6 various persons and things Isa 48:9; Jer 44:11; Jer 51:62; Ezek 25:16; Ezek 30:15; Zech 9:6 with accusative and מִן Ezek 25:7; Amos 1:5; Amos 1:8; Amos 2:3 מֵאֶרֶץ Nah 2:14; Ps 34:17 = Ps 109:15 מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל Isa 9:13 מִיַּד Mic 5:11 מִפָּנֶיךָ Deut 12:29; 2Sam 7:9 = 1Chr 17:8 מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה 1Sam 20:15; 1Kgs 9:7; Zeph 1:3 מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֺ Lev 17:10; Lev 20:3; Lev 20:5; Lev 20:6 (H); מִתּוֺךְ עַמִּי Ezek 14:8 Ezekiel says also מִן ׳הכ אָ֗֗֗דָם וּבְהֵמָה Ezek 14:13; Ezek 14:17; Ezek 14:19; Ezek 14:21; Ezek 25:13; Ezek 29:8 צדיק ורשׁע Ezek 21:8; Ezek 21:9 עבר ושׁב Ezek 35:7 with accusative and לְ cutt off, to, or from Isa 14:22; Jer 44:7; Jer 44:8; Jer 47:4 מַשְׁתִּין בְּקִיר ׳לְ ׳כ 1Kgs 14:10; 1Kgs 21:21; 2Kgs 9:8 מעם מזבח ׳ל ׳כ 1Sam 2:33 לָאִישׁ מֵאָֽהֳלֵי יַעֲקֹב ׳יַכְרֵת י Mal 2:12 may Yahweh cut off to the man — from the tents of Jacob.

3. cut down, destroy, cities Mic 5:10, sun-pillars Lev 26:30 (H); and other things used in idolartry Nah 1:14; Zeph 1:4 מן הארץ Zech 13:2 מִקֶּרֶב Mic 5:12.

4. take away, חֶסֶד מֵעִם kindness from 1Sam 20:15.

5. permit to perish, מֵהַבְּהֵמָה (some) of the cattle 1Kgs 18:5.

Hoph`al Perfect ׳הָכְרַת מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ מִבֵּית י Joel 1:9.

off, made, make, down, cut, …

kārat

to cut (off, down or asunder); by implication, to destroy or consume; specifically, to covenant (i.e., make an alliance or bargain, originally by cutting flesh and passing between the pieces)

to cut, cut off, cut down, cut off a body part, cut out, eliminate, kill, cut a covenant

(Qal)

to cut off

to cut off a body part, behead

to be cut off

to be cut off

to cut off

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

הַ בְּרִ֣ית

הַ

Prefix — article the

בְּרִ֣ית

Root word covenant, league, confederacy, confederate

Dictionary form: בְּרִית · beh-REET

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: covenant

of the covenant ×61 my covenant ×43 a covenant ×39 covenant ×35 the covenant ×21 his covenant ×11 a league ×5 thy covenant ×4

More options

covenant — Standard theological term; preferred in religious/biblical contexts.

agreement — Neutral, accessible; good for general or secular audiences.

treaty — Best for political or inter-group pacts between parties.

alliance — Emphasizes mutual loyalty and partnership between groups.

pact — Concise and modern; suits solemn but non-technical contexts.

pledge — Highlights the binding promise aspect of the relationship.

BDB1315 H1285

בְּרִית₂₈₅ noun feminine covenant (|| Aramaic קְיָם, διαθήκη; constitutio) — ׳ב Gen 9:13 + 199 t.; suffix בְּרִיתִי Gen 6:18 + 50 t.; בְּרִיתְךָ Deut 33:9 בְּרִיתֶ֑ךָ Ps 44:18 + 11 t.; בְּרִיתְכֶם Isa 28:18 בְּרִיתֵךְ Ezek 16:61 בְּרִיתוֺ Exod 2:24 = 18 t.; — pact, compact, covenant. I. between men.

1. trety, alliance, league: Abraham and Amorites Gen 14:13 Edom and its allies Obad 1:7 with Philistines Gen 21:27; Gen 21:32 (E) Gen 26:28 (J); Jacob and Laban Gen 31:44 (J); Joshua and Gibeonites Josh 9:6; Josh 9:7; Josh 9:11; Josh 9:15; Josh 9:16 (J); Israel and Canaanites Exod 23:32; Exod 34:12; Exod 34:15 (JE) Deut 7:2; Judg 2:2 Ammonites and Jabesh 1Sam 11:1 Solomon and Hiram 1Kgs 5:26 Ahab and Benhadad 1Kgs 20:34 Syria and Israel 1Kgs 15:19 = 2Chr 16:3 Nebuchadnezzar and Zedekiah Ezek 17:13-19 nations against Israel Ps 83:6 nations with Egypt Ezek 30:5 Ephraim and Assyria Hos 12:2 Judah and Israel Ezek 16:61 Judah and Tyre Amos 1:9 Assyria and Judah Isa 33:8 נגיד ברית a prince in league (with him) Dan 11:22 (so He Ew; Hi Meinh Bev reference to high priest Onias III, & translate prince of covenant, compare AV RV); figurative, with death Isa 28:15; Isa 28:18 with stones of the field Job 5:23.

2. constitution, ordinance, between monarch and subjects: David and Abner 2Sam 3:12; 2Sam 3:13; 2Sam 3:21 David and the elders of Israel 2Sam 5:3 = 1Chr 11:3 Zedekiah and his people Jer 34:8-18 hostile prince and Israelites Dan 9:27.

3. agreement, pledge: Jehoiada and captains 2Kgs 11:4 = 2Chr 23:1 with onself Job 31:1 with Leviathan to be a servant Job 40:28 between man and man Hos 10:4 compare בעל ברית Judg 8:33; Judg 9:4 = אל ברית Judg 9:46.

4. alliance of friendship between David and Jonathan 1Sam 18:3; 1Sam 20:8; 1Sam 23:18 compare Ps 55:21.

5. alliance of marriage Prov 2:17; Mal 2:14. — In all cases כרת ברית is the technical phrase for making covenant except Jer 34:10 באו בברית; Dan 9:27 הגביר ברית לְ. Various prepositions are used, most often לְ Exod 23:32 +, but also עִם Gen 26:28 +, אֵת 2Sam 3:12 +, בֵּין 2Chr 16:3. II. between God and man.

1. alliance of friendship (|| סוֺד) Ps 25:14.

2. covenant, as a divine constitution or ordinance with signs or pledges (see אוֺת).
a. with Noah Gen 9:9-17 (P) Isa 54:10; Jer 33:20; Jer 33:25 a divine promise that there would be no other deluge.
b. with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob Gen 15:18 (J) Gen 17:2-21; Exod 2:24; Exod 6:4; Exod 6:5; Lev 26:42 (P) 2Kgs 13:23; 1Chr 16:15 = Ps 105:8; Ps 105:10; Neh 9:8; Jer 34:18 a promise to multiply their seed, give them the land of Canaan, and make them a blessing to the nations.
c. with Israel at Sinai = Horeb, with a covenant sacrifice Exod 19:5; Exod 24:7; Exod 24:8 (E) Exod 34:10; Exod 34:27; Exod 34:28 (J) Exod 31:16; Lev 2:13 (P) Lev 24:8; Lev 26:9; Lev 26:15; Lev 26:25; Lev 26:44; Lev 26:45 (H) Deut 4:13 renewed in plains of Moab Deut 28:69 with blessings and curses Deut 29:20 frequently referred to in other books 2Chr 34:32; Ps 25:10; Ps 44:18; Ps 50:5; Ps 50:16; Ps 74:20; Ps 78:10; Ps 78:37; Ps 103:18; Ps 106:45; Ps 111:5; Ps 111:9; Isa 56:4; Isa 56:6; Jer 1:2; Jer 1:3; Jer 1:6; Jer 1:8; Jer 1:10; Jer 14:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 31:32; Ezek 16:8; Ezek 16:59; Ezek 16:60; Ezek 44:7; Dan 9:4; Dan 11:28; Dan 11:30; Dan 11:32; Hos 6:7; Hos 8:1; Zech 9:11; Zech 11:10 a divine constitution given to Israel with promises on condition of obedience and penalties for disobendience, in the form of tables of the covenant Deut 9:9; Deut 9:11; Deut 9:15, inscribed with the ten words, placed in ׅ׳ארון ברית(י the ark of the covenant Num 10:33 + 40 t. (see ארון; in 1Sam 4:3; 1Sam 4:4 (twice in verse); 1Sam 4:5 omits ברית after ארון ᵐ5 We Dr); set forth in דברי הברית words of the covenant Exod 34:28 (J) Deut 28:69; Deut 29:8; 2Kgs 23:3 (= 2Chr 34:31) Jer 11:2-8 written in ספר הברית the book of the covenant Exod 24:7 (E compare Exod 34:27 J) 2Kgs 23:2; 2Kgs 23:21 (compare 2Chr 34:30).
d. with Phinehas Num 25:12; Num 25:13 (P), a constitution, establishing an everlasting priesthood in his line; compare ברית הכהנים Neh 13:29 & ברית הלוי Mal 2:4; Mal 2:8.
e. with Joshua and Israel Josh 24:25 (E), an ordinance or constitutional agreement to serve Yahweh only. feminine with David Ps 89:4; Ps 89:29; Ps 89:34; Ps 89:39; Ps 132:12; Jer 33:21 (compare 2Sam 7 = 1Chr 17); a divine promise to the seed of David of an everlasting kingdom, the relation of sonship, and the superintendence of the temple (compare Ps 2.)
g. Jehoiada and the people 2Kgs 11:17 = 2Chr 23:3, a constitutional agreement to be the people of Yahweh.
h. Hezekiah and the people 2Chr 29:10, a constitutional agreement to reform the worship.
i. Josiah and the people 2Kgs 23:3, a constitutional agreement to obey the book of the covenant.
j. Ezra and the people Ezra 10:3, a constitutional agreement to put away foreign wives and observe the Law.
k. the prophetic covenant, a divine promise through a series of prophets to establish a new constitution ברית חדשׁה Jer 31:31, with new institutions and precepts Isa 42:6; Isa 49:8; Isa 55:3; Isa 59:21; Isa 61:8; Jer 31:31; Jer 31:33; Jer 32:40; Jer 50:5; Ezek 16:60; Ezek 16:62; Ezek 20:37; Ezek 34:25; Ezek 37:26; Hos 2:20. In Isa² the Messianic servant is ברית עם Isa 42:6; Isa 49:8, compare מלאך הברית Mal 3:1. III. Phrases.

1. covenant making: כרת ברית Gen 15:18; Exod 34:10; Exod 34:27 (J) Josh 24:25 (E) Deut 5:2; Deut 5:3; Deut 28:69; Deut 29:13; Deut 29:24; 1Kgs 5:26; 2Kgs 11:17; 2Kgs 17:35; 2Kgs 17:38; 2Kgs 23:3; 2Chr 21:7; 2Chr 23:3; 2Chr 23:16; 2Chr 29:10; 2Chr 34:30; Ezra 10:3; Neh 9:8; Ps 50:5; Ps 89:4; Isa 55:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 11:10; Jer 31:31; Jer 31:32; Jer 31:33; Jer 32:40; Jer 34:13; Ezek 34:25; Ezek 37:26; Hos 2:20 הקים ברית establish a covenant Gen 6:18; Gen 9:9; Gen 9:11; Gen 9:17; Gen 17:7; Gen 17:19; Gen 17:21; Exod 6:4 (P) Ezek 16:60; Ezek 16:62, but confirm covenant Lev 26:9 (?;H) Deut 8:18 נתן ברית Gen 17:2; Num 25:12 (P); שׂם ברית 2Sam 23:5 (poetry); עבר בברית Deut 29:11 בא בברית 2Chr 15:12; Ezek 16:8 צוה ברית Ps 111:9 נשׂא ברית על פי Ps 50:16. (compare further on these Dr^{J Ph xi. 1882, 210 ff.})

2. covenant keeping: on the part of man שׁמר ברית 1Kgs 11:11; Neh 1:5; Neh 9:32; Ps 78:10; Ps 103:18; Ps 132:12; Dan 9:4, נצר ברית Deut 33:9; Ps 25:10, מחזיקים בברית Isa 56:4; Isa 56:6 on the part of God זכר ברית Gen 9:15; Gen 9:16; Exod 2:24; Exod 6:5 (all P), Lev 26:42 (3 t. in verse) (H; on suffix compare Di Ges^{«GKC:128»§ 128}, 1 R b) vLev 26:45 (H) Ps 105:8; Ps 106:45; Ps 111:5; 1Chr 16:15; Ezek 16:15; Ezek 16:60. Thus we have נאמנת Ps 89:29 ברית עולם Gen 9:16; Gen 17:7; Gen 17:13; Gen 17:18; Gen 17:19; Exod 31:16; Lev 24:8; Num 18:19; Num 25:13 (P) 2Sam 23:5 (poetry) 1Chr 16:17 (= Ps 105:10) Isa 24:5; Isa 55:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 32:40; Jer 50:5; Ezek 16:60; Ezek 37:26 ברית מלח Lev 2:13; 2Chr 13:5; 2Chr 21:7 (a cov't. with sacrificial meal and salt; on cov't. with salt in Arabia compare We^{Skizzen iii. 124}); ברית שׁלום Num 25:12 (P) Isa 54:10; Ezek 34:25; Ezek 37:26 הברית והחסד Deut 7:9; Deut 7:12; 1Kgs 8:23 (= 2Chr 6:14) Neh 1:5; Neh 9:32; Dan 9:4 ברית קדשׁ Dan 11:28; Dan 11:30 מסרת הברית Ezek 20:37.

3. covenant violation: עבר ברית Deut 17:2; Josh 7:11; Josh 7:15; Josh 23:16 (D) Judg 2:20; 2Kgs 18:12; Hos 6:7; Hos 8:1 הפר ברית Gen 17:14; Lev 26:15; Lev 26:44 (H) Deut 31:16; Deut 31:20 (J) Judg 2:1; Isa 24:5 (twice in verse); Jer 11:10; Jer 14:21; Jer 31:32; Jer 33:20; Jer 33:21; Ezek 16:59; Ezek 17:18; Ezek 17:19; Ezek 44:7; Zech 11:10 עזב ברית 1Kgs 19:10; 1Kgs 19:14; Jer 22:9; Dan 11:30 מאס ברית 2Kgs 17:15 נאר ברית Ps 89:39 חלל ברית Ps 89:34; Mal 2:10 שׁקר בברית Ps 44:18 שׁכח ברית Deut 4:23; Deut 4:31; Jer 50:5.

בְּרוֺשׁ, בְּרוֺת see below ברשׁ.

בָּרוּת see below I. ברה.

בֵּרוֺ֫תָה, בֵּרֹתי see below באר.

covenant, league, confederacy, confederate

bĕrît

a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)

covenant, alliance, pledge

between men

treaty, alliance, league (man to man)

alliance (of friendship)

covenant making

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: זֹאת · dzote

Noun — feminine singular

In the KJV here: this

this ×337 of this ×38 and this ×32 in this ×22 is this ×16 and thus ×8 these ×8 thus ×6

More options

this — Default demonstrative; suits most contexts naturally.

this thing — Adds nominal weight when זֹאת stands alone as subject.

such — Use when emphasizing quality or kind rather than identity.

that — Prefer when pointing back to something already mentioned.

thus — Adverbial use; signals manner or result in narrative.

it — Pronoun substitute when referent is clear from context.

BDB2264 H2063

זֹאת pronoun feminine see זֶה.

BDB2289 H2063

זֶה demonstrative pronoun and adverb; feminine זֹאת, once זֹאתָה, Jer 26:6 Kt (also זֹה and זוֺ, q. v.); common זוּ (q. v.): this, here (the element ז = = is widely diffused in the Semitic languages, as a demonstrative particle, often acquiring, like English that, German der, die, das, the force of a relative. Thus
a. Phoenician זֶ this (e.g. קבר ז this grave), also sometimes זן, feminine זא, comm. אז (see CIS I. i. 1:4; 1:5; 1:6; 1:12; 44:1; 88:2 etc.); Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylon, Têma, Egypt, זי as mark of the genitive [literally that of] (CIS II. i. 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., 65, 69-71, 113, 114, 141, 142, etc.), זנה this (ib. 113:22; 145 C²), feminine זא 113:15; 145 B⁵; Aramaic of Zinjirli ז, זן, זנה this, זי which (DHM^{Sendsch. 56}); Ethiopic ze, this, feminine z¹, za, who (masculine), also (like זִי, and דִּי, דְּ [see below]) in common use as a mark of the genitive;
b. Arabic this, feminine , (genitive , accusative , feminine ), possessor of (literally that of . . ., i.e. one who owns), or in the Tayyite dialect, who, which: from , with lo! prefixed, this, feminine , with the pronominal element -k affixed, = this: with 'al (= the article) + a demonstrative element la prefixed, who, which (in origin = Hebrew הַלָּזֶה this, q. v.); Sabean דֿן this, feminine דֿת, דֿ who, which, feminine דֿת (Prä^{ZMG. 1872, 419}, DHM^{ZMG. 1883, 338 f.}, also^{Epigr. Denkm. 65});
c. Biblical Aramaic דִּי which, דֵּךְ, דִּכֵּן, דְּנָה (q. v.) this, feminine דָּא (= זֹאת), דָּךְ; Palmyrene and Nabataean די which, דנה this; ᵑ7 דְּ which, דֵּין, דֵּיכֵּי this, feminine דָּא; with הא lo! prefixed, הָדֵין, הָדָא (Syriac , contracted from ), ; Syriac who, which; Samaritan who, which, this, feminine Mandean ד who, which, דהֿ this (rare), more commonly האדין, האזין (Nö^{Mand § 80, 81}). Alike in Hebrew and the other dialects, the corresponding plur. is derived from a different source: Hebrew אֵלָּה, Phoenician אל, Ethiopic 'ell¥, 'ell¹, these, 'ella, who, Arabic , these, , owners of, Sabean אלן these, אל, אלי who, which, Aramaic אִלֵּין, with הא lo! prefixed, , Samaritan , Mandean עלין. Only the Arabic forms its own plural . V. further W^{SG 107 ff.}) —

1. standing alone:
a. this one, sometimes contemptuously (especially with אֵת), Gen 2:23 לָזֹאת יִקָּרֵא אִשָּׁה כִּי מֵאִישׁ לֻקֳּחָהזּֿאֹת, Gen 5:29 זֶה יְנַחֲמֵנוּ ֗֗֗ , Gen 12:12; Gen 38:28; Exod 10:7 עַד מָתַי יִהְיֶה זֶה לָנוּ לְמוֺקֵשׁ, 1Sam 10:27 מַה יּוֺשִׁיעֵנוּ זֶה how shall this man save us ? 1Sam 16:8; 1Sam 16:9; 1Sam 21:16 that ye have brought אֶתזֶֿה this fellow to play the madman against me ? 1Sam 25:21 in vain have I kept אֶתכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר לָזֶה all that this fellow hath etc. 2Sam 13:17 אֶתזֹֿאת, 1Kgs 22:27 אֶתזֶֿה, Mic 5:4; Isa 66:2 as a genitive, Gen 29:27; Gen 29:28; 1Kgs 21:2 with a collective force Lev 11:4; Lev 11:9 (= Deut 14:7; Deut 14:9), vDeut 14:21 vDeut 14:29; Judg 20:16; Judg 20:17 (כָּלזֶֿה), Job 19:19 (with a plural verb). In a purely neuter sense (of an act, event, announcement, etc.) זאת is most common, as with עשׂה to do this Gen 3:14; Gen 20:5; Gen 20:6; Gen 45:19 and often, שׁמעו זאת Amos 8:4; Isa 47:8; Isa 48:1; Isa 48:16; Isa 51:21 and elsewhere; Gen 41:39; Exod 17:14; Deut 32:6; Judg 7:14; Judg 21:3 לָמָההָֽ֗֗֗יְתָה זֹאת (compare Job 1:13; Ps 118:23) 1Kgs 11:39; 2Sam 7:19; 2Kgs 3:18 +; אֵין זֹאת 1Sam 20:2b compare Amos 2:11 rarely so with אֶתֿ Josh 22:24; Jer 9:11; Ps 92:7 as an accusative of limitation, as regards this, in this, Ezek 20:27; Ezek 36:37; Job 19:26 (si vera lectio), Job 33:12 in this thou art not just; (late) אַחֲרֵי זֹאת Job 42:16; Ezra 9:10, כלזֿאת ׳א 2Chr 21:18; 2Chr 35:20 pointing forward to a following clause, Gen 42:18; Gen 43:11; Num 8:24; Num 14:35; Isa 56:2; Job 10:13 etc.; Exod 9:16; 1Sam 25:31; Isa 1:12 מִי דִקֵּשׁ זאת מִיֶּדְכֶם רְמֹס חֲצֵרָֽי׃; to one introduced by כִּי 2Sam 19:22; Ps 102:19; Ps 119:50; Ps 119:56 (see also בְּזֹאת 6 b β): but זֶה also sometimes occurs similarly Exod 13:8; Prov 24:12; Job 15:17; Neh 2:2; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 2:15 גם זה הבל (so vEccl 2:19 vEccl 2:21 vEccl 2:23 +), Eccl 7:18 (twice in verse); of a concrete object, Exod 30:31; 2Kgs 4:43 מָה אֶתֵּן זֶה לִפְנֵי מֵאָה אִישׁ: in late Hebrew, Neh 13:6 בְּכָלזֶֿה during all this, 2Chr 32:9 אַחַר זֶה; pointing forwards la 2Chr 5:17 f., to כִּי Ps 56:10 je Ps 22:21. (See also below, 6 g.)
b. repeated זֶהזֶ֗֗֗ה, this . . . that, the one . . . the other or (if indefinite) another, Gen 29:27 (זֹאת), Exod 14:20 וְלֹא קָרַב זֶה אֶל זֶה, 1Kgs 3:23; 1Kgs 22:20; Isa 6:3; Isa 44:5 (3 t.), Ps 75:8 זֶה יַשְׁפִּיל וְזֶה יָרִים, Job 1:16-18; Job 21:23; Job 21:25 +.

2. In apposition to a substantive:
a. preceding it (rare) Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 זֶה משֶׁה, Judg 5:5 (= Ps 68:9) זֶה סִינַי this Sinai, Josh 9:12 זֶה לַחְמֵנוּ this our bread, 1Kgs 14:14; 2Kgs 6:33; Isa 23:13 זֶה הָעָם, Ps 34:7; Ps 49:14; Ps 104:25 ׳זה הים גדול וג this sea there is great and broad, Ps 118:20; Song 7:8; Ezra 3:12. (compare זוּ Hab 1:11.)
b. following it: — (a) when the substantive is determined by a pronominal affix, Gen 24:8 שְׁבוּעָתִי זֹאת, this my oath, Deut 5:16 O that לְבָבָם זֶה this their heart (their present temper) might continue always! Deut 21:20; Josh 2:14; Josh 2:20 דְּבָרֵנוּ זֶה, Judg 6:14 go בְּכֹחֲךָ זֶה in this thy strength, Dan 10:17; 2Chr 24:18. (compare אֵלֶּה,
a.) Rarely when it is undetermined, 2Kgs 1:2 חֳלִי זֶה (so 2Kgs 8:8; 2Kgs 8:9), Ps 80:15 (β) with the article, הַזֶּה, הַזּאֹת, after a substantive determined also by the article, Gen 7:1 בַּדּוֺר הַזֶּה, vGen 7:13 הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה, Gen 12:7 הָאָרֶץ הַזּאֹת, Gen 15:7; Gen 17:21; Gen 17:23; Deut 4:6 הגוי הגדול הזה, and continually. Not however after a proper name, except such as are construed with the article, as הַיַּרְדֵּן הַזֶּה Gen 32:11; Deut 3:27; Deut 31:2; Josh 1:2; Josh 1:11; Josh 4:22, הַלְּבָנוֺן הַזֶּה Josh 1:4, compare Num 27:12 = Deut 32:49 (2Kgs 5:20 הַזֶּה belongs to הָאֲרַמִּי): and hardly ever (2Chr 1:10 after a noun with a pronominal affix (Josh 2:17 מִשְּׁבֻעָתֵךְ הַזֶּה the gender of הזה shews that the text is in error: see Dr^{§ 209} Obs.).

3. More oft. as predicate, as 1Sam 24:17 הֲקוֺלְךָ זֶה, 2Kgs 3:23 דָּם זֶה this is blood, 2Kgs 9:37 זֹאת אִיזָָֽבֶל׃, Ezek 5:5 etc.; הֲזֶה Isa 14:16, הֲזֹאת Isa 23:7; Lam 2:15 often at the beginning or close of enumerations (especially P), descriptions, injunctions, etc., as Gen 5:1 זה ספר this is the book . . ., Gen 9:12 זֹאת אוֺת הַבְּרִית, Gen 17:10; Gen 20:13 זֶה חַסְדֵּךְ אֲשֶׁר תַּעֲשִׂי עִמָּדִי, Lev 6:2; Lev 6:13; Lev 6:18; Lev 7:1; Lev 7:11; Lev 33:1; etc.; זה הדבר אשׁר ֗֗֗ Exod 16:16; Exod 35:4; Exod 21:11; Jer 38:21 +, compare זה אשׁר ֗֗֗ this is what (or how) . . . Gen 6:15; Exod 29:38; Jer 33:16 זֶה לְךָ הָאוֺת Exod 3:12; 1Sam 2:34 +; at the end, Lev 7:37; Lev 11:46; Lev 13:50; Num 5:21; Num 7:17; Num 7:23 etc., Josh 19:8; Josh 19:16; Josh 19:23 etc., Isa 14:26; Isa 16:13 (זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ ), Isa 17:14; Isa 54:17; Jer 13:25; Ps 109:20; Song 5:16 (twice in verse); Job 5:27, in the latter case sometimes with the force of such (i.e. such as has been described), Job 18:21; Job 20:29 (compare אֵלֶּה Ps 73:12), Ps 24:6; Ps 48:15 such (= such a one) is God, our God, for ever (Hi De) Zeph 2:15 compare Job 14:3 אַףעַֿלזֶֿה upon one such as this (Job 14:1 vJob 14:2) dost thou open thy eyes?

4. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adverb, to certain words, especially interrogative pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in English idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker. (Contrast from this point of view מי זה and מי הוא: see הוא 4 b. Thus
a. אֵיזֶֿה₁₅ where, then ? Job 28:12 אֵיזֶֿה מְקוֺם בִּינָה, vJob 28:20; Job 38:19 b (see other examples below אַי 1 b, p. 32).
b. מִיזֶֿה, 1Sam 17:55; 1Sam 17:56 בֶּןמִֿיזֶֿ֖ה הָעָֽלֶם׃ the son of whom, here, is the lad ? Jer 49:19 (= Jer 50:44) ׳וּמִי זֶה רֹעֶה אֲשֶׁר וג and who (emphatic) is the shepherd that etc., Lam 3:37; Ps 24:8 Who is the king of glory ? (for which in vPs 24:10 the stronger מִי הוּא זֶה is said: so Jer 30:21; Esth 7:5), Esth 25:12. Elsewhere, the rend. Who is this . . . is admissible: Isa 63:1; Jer 46:7; Job 38:2; Job 42:3 compare מִיזֹֿאת Song 3:6; Song 6:10; Song 8:5.
c. מַהזֶֿה how, now ? Gen 27:20; Judg 18:24 וּמַהזֶּֿה תּאֹמְרוּ אֵלַי and how, now, do ye say to me . . . ? 1Kgs 21:5; 2Kgs 1:5 what, now ? (τίποτε;) 1Sam 10:11 מַהזֶּֿה הָיָה לְבֶןקִֿישׁ; עַלמַֿהאזֶּה for what ? Neh 2:4: contracted into מַזֶּה Exod 4:2. (compare Aramaic מָדֵין why ? used as a conjunction therefore, e.g. 2Sam 18:22 ᵑ6, PS^{2013: both formed similarly}.)
d. מַהזּֿאֹת in the phrase (עֲשִׂיתֶם, עָשִׂית) מַהזּֿאֹת עָשִׂיתָ Gen 3:13; Gen 12:18; Gen 26:10; Gen 29:25; Gen 42:28; Exod 14:11; Judg 2:2; Judg 15:11 +. Either What, now, hast thou (have ye) done ? (Fl De) or what is this (that) thou hast (ye have) done ? (The Arabic grammarians dispute on the precise construction of the corresponding phrase in Arabic ; De^{Gen 3:13 (ed. 4)}, and especially Fl^{Kl Schr. i. 356} Lane^{p. 948}.)
e. לָמָּהזֶּֿה wherefore, now ? Gen 18:13; Gen 25:22; Gen 32:30; Exod 5:22; Num 11:20 + often compare Arabic feminine הַאַתָּה זֶה 2Sam 2:20 האתה זה עשׂהאל Art thou Asahel ? 1Kgs 18:7; 1Kgs 18:17, without הֲ Gen 27:24 in an indirect question Gen 27:21.
g. הִנֵּה זֶה behold, here . . . 1Kgs 19:5 (in narrative), Isa 21:9; Song 2:8; Song 2:9. compare Num 13:17 (unusual) עֲלוּ זֶה בַּנֶּגֶבּ go up here in the South.
h. עַתָּה זֶה, 1Kgs 17:24 עַתָּה זֶה יָדַעְתִּי now I know that . . ., 2Kgs 5:22 just now. Also
i. prefixed to expressions denoting a period of time: Gen 27:36 he hath supplanted me זֶה פַעֲמַיִם now two times (so Gen 43:10), Gen 31:38 now, already twenty years, vGen 31:41 (זֶהלִּֿי ֗֗֗ , Gen 45:6; Num 14:22 now ten times, Num 22:28; Num 22:32 זֶה שָׁלשׁ רְגָלִים, Deut 8:2; Deut 8:4; Josh 22:3 זֶה יָמִים רַבִּים, 2Sam 14:2 +; Zech 7:3 זֶה כַּמָּה שָׁנִים already how many years! compare Ruth 2:7.

5. In poetry, as a relative pronoun (rare: but see also זוֺ, זוּ): Ps 74:2 the hill of Zion זה שׁכנת בּוֺ wherein thou dwellest, Ps 78:54; Ps 104:8 אלמְֿקום זה to the place (stative construct Ges^{«GKC:130»§ 130}. 3) which . . . vPs 78:26; Prov 23:22; Isa 25:9 = that which Job 15:17, those who Job 19:19 (so once, Exod 13:8, even in prose). In some of the passages cited the punctuators, by coupling זה with the preceding substantive, and separating it from what follows by a disj. accent (as הַרֶֿזה), appear not to have recognised its relative sense, but to have construed, 'this mountain, (which) thy right hand,' etc.

6. With prefixes (in special senses): —
a. בָּזֶה₁₅ in this (place), here, Gen 38:21; Gen 38:22; Exod 24:14; Num 23:1 (twice in verse); 1Sam 1:26; 1Sam 9:11 +; of time, then, Esth 2:13. Once בַּזֶה 1Sam 21:10.
b. בְּזֹאת (a) with this = on these conditions, Gen 34:15; Gen 34:22; 1Sam 11:2; Isa 27:9 = herewith, thus provided Lev 16:3. (β) by or through this (especially with יָדַע), Gen 42:15; Gen 42:33; Exod 7:17; Num 16:28; Josh 3:10; Ps 41:12 so בָּזֹאת Mal 3:10. (γ) in spite of this, Lev 26:27; Ps 27:3, for which the fuller בְּכָלזֹֿאת occurs, Isa 5:25; Isa 9:11; Isa 9:16; Isa 9:20; Isa 10:4; Ps 78:32; Jer 3:10; Hos 7:10. (δ) בָּזֹאת for this cause (late style) 1Chr 27:24; 2Chr 19:2 in this matter 2Chr 20:17
c. כָּזֶה
(a) Gen 41:38 הֲנִמְצָא כָזֶה אִישׁ אשׁר ֗֗֗ , Isa 56:12; Isa 58:5; Jer 5:9 גּוֺי אֲשֶׁר כָּזֶה (so vJer 5:29; Jer 9:8). (β) כָּזֹה וְכָזֶה thus and thus, Judg 18:4; 2Sam 11:25; 1Kgs 14:5.
d. כְּזֹאת the like of this = as follows, Gen 45:23 כָּזֹאת the like of this = things such as these Judg 13:23 (with השׁמיע), Judg 15:7; Judg 19:30 לא נראתה כָּזֹאת, 1Sam 4:7 (compare Jer 2:10; 2Chr 30:26), 2Sam 14:13 (with חשׁב), Isa 66:8 (with שׁמע), Ezra 7:27 = accordingly, to that effect (with דִּבֶּר) 2Chr 34:22 = in like manner Judg 8:8 = thus (as has been described) 1Kgs 7:37; 1Chr 29:14; 2Chr 31:20; 2Chr 32:15: כָּזֹאת וְכָזֹאת thus and thus Josh 7:20; 2Sam 17:15 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 5:4; 2Kgs 9:12.
e. מִזֶּה from here, hence Gen 37:17; Gen 42:15; Gen 50:25; Exod 11:1 (twice in verse); Exod 13:3; Deut 9:12 + often: מִזֶּהמִ֗֗֗זֶּה on one side . . . on the other side Exod 17:12 מזה אחד ומזה אחד, Exod 25:19; Exod 26:13; Exod 32:15 מזה ומזה הם כתובים, Num 22:24; 1Sam 14:4; 1Kgs 10:19; 1Kgs 10:20; Zech 5:3 +; מִוֶּה וּמִזֶּה לְ on one side and on the other side of . . . Exod 38:15; Josh 8:33; Ezek 45:7; Ezek 48:21. feminine עַל זֶה on this account (rare), Lam 5:17 (pointing forwards), Esth 6:3. So עַל זֹאת Amos 8:8; Mic 1:8; Jer 2:12 (Job 17:8) Jer 4:8; Jer 4:28; Ps 32:6 in late prose Ezra 8:23; Ezra 9:15; Ezra 10:2; Neh 13:14; 2Chr 16:9; 2Chr 16:10; 2Chr 29:9; 2Chr 32:20.
g. עִם זֶה in spite of this Neh 5:18. — On אֵי זֶה which ? אֵי מִזֶּה whence ? אֵי לָזֹאת how ? see below אַי 2; and on הַלָּז, הַלָּזֶה, הַלֵּזוּ.

Note. — זֶה in 1Sam 17:34 (in many editions) is a typographical error (not a Kt) of Jacob b. Chayim's Rabbinic Bible of 1525 for שׂה sheep, which has been perpetuated hence in other subsequent editions. The reading of MSS. and of the best ancient editions is שֶׂה (compare de Rossi^{Var. Lect. ii. 151}).

this, thus, these, that, such, …

zōt

this (often used adverb)

this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, such

(alone)

this one

this

this, such

then

wherein, which, those who

in this (place) here, then

וְ אֶת

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

הָ ֽאָלָ֖ה

הָ

Prefix — article the

ֽאָלָ֖ה

Root word oath, curse, curses, cursing, execration, …

Dictionary form: אָלָה · aw-LAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: oath

the curses ×3 a curse ×2 an oath ×2 and an oath ×2 and the oath ×2 curses ×2 oath ×2 of cursing ×2

More options

oath — Best for solemn binding agreements or pledges.

curse — Best when the punitive or imprecatory sense is primary.

sworn pledge — Emphasizes the binding, promissory dimension of the oath.

solemn vow — Highlights formality; suits covenantal or liturgical contexts.

imprecation — Technical term; suits scholarly or formal translation register.

dire warning — Use when the curse functions as a conditional threat.

BDB472 H423

אָלָה noun feminine oath Gen 26:28 +; suffix אָלָתִי, אָלָתוֺ Gen 24:11 + (4 t.); plural אָלוֺת Deut 29:20 + (4 t).

1. oath in testimony Lev 5:1; Num 5:21 (twice in verse) (P) Prov 29:23 בא באלה come into an oath Neh 10:30 הביא באלה bring into an oath Ezek 17:13 נשׂא אלה 1Kgs 8:31 ( = 2Chr 6:22).

2. oath of convenant Gen 24:41 (twice in verse); Gen 26:28 (J) Deut 29:11; Deut 29:13 בזה אלה despise an oath Ezek 16:59; Ezek 17:16; Ezek 17:18; Ezek 17:19.

3. curse (a) from God Num 5:23 (P) Deut 29:18; Deut 29:19; Deut 29:20; Deut 30:7; Deut 2:24;
(b) from men Job 31:30; Ps 10:7; Ps 59:13.

4. execration in the phrase היה לאלה become an execration Num 5:27 (P) Jer 29:18; Jer 42:18; Jer 44:12.

oath, curse, curses, cursing, execration, …

ʾālâ

an imprecation

oath

from God

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: זֹאת · dzote

Noun — feminine singular

In the KJV here: and this

this ×337 of this ×38 and this ×32 in this ×22 is this ×16 and thus ×8 these ×8 thus ×6

More options

this — Default demonstrative; suits most contexts naturally.

this thing — Adds nominal weight when זֹאת stands alone as subject.

such — Use when emphasizing quality or kind rather than identity.

that — Prefer when pointing back to something already mentioned.

thus — Adverbial use; signals manner or result in narrative.

it — Pronoun substitute when referent is clear from context.

BDB2264 H2063

זֹאת pronoun feminine see זֶה.

BDB2289 H2063

זֶה demonstrative pronoun and adverb; feminine זֹאת, once זֹאתָה, Jer 26:6 Kt (also זֹה and זוֺ, q. v.); common זוּ (q. v.): this, here (the element ז = = is widely diffused in the Semitic languages, as a demonstrative particle, often acquiring, like English that, German der, die, das, the force of a relative. Thus
a. Phoenician זֶ this (e.g. קבר ז this grave), also sometimes זן, feminine זא, comm. אז (see CIS I. i. 1:4; 1:5; 1:6; 1:12; 44:1; 88:2 etc.); Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylon, Têma, Egypt, זי as mark of the genitive [literally that of] (CIS II. i. 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., 65, 69-71, 113, 114, 141, 142, etc.), זנה this (ib. 113:22; 145 C²), feminine זא 113:15; 145 B⁵; Aramaic of Zinjirli ז, זן, זנה this, זי which (DHM^{Sendsch. 56}); Ethiopic ze, this, feminine z¹, za, who (masculine), also (like זִי, and דִּי, דְּ [see below]) in common use as a mark of the genitive;
b. Arabic this, feminine , (genitive , accusative , feminine ), possessor of (literally that of . . ., i.e. one who owns), or in the Tayyite dialect, who, which: from , with lo! prefixed, this, feminine , with the pronominal element -k affixed, = this: with 'al (= the article) + a demonstrative element la prefixed, who, which (in origin = Hebrew הַלָּזֶה this, q. v.); Sabean דֿן this, feminine דֿת, דֿ who, which, feminine דֿת (Prä^{ZMG. 1872, 419}, DHM^{ZMG. 1883, 338 f.}, also^{Epigr. Denkm. 65});
c. Biblical Aramaic דִּי which, דֵּךְ, דִּכֵּן, דְּנָה (q. v.) this, feminine דָּא (= זֹאת), דָּךְ; Palmyrene and Nabataean די which, דנה this; ᵑ7 דְּ which, דֵּין, דֵּיכֵּי this, feminine דָּא; with הא lo! prefixed, הָדֵין, הָדָא (Syriac , contracted from ), ; Syriac who, which; Samaritan who, which, this, feminine Mandean ד who, which, דהֿ this (rare), more commonly האדין, האזין (Nö^{Mand § 80, 81}). Alike in Hebrew and the other dialects, the corresponding plur. is derived from a different source: Hebrew אֵלָּה, Phoenician אל, Ethiopic 'ell¥, 'ell¹, these, 'ella, who, Arabic , these, , owners of, Sabean אלן these, אל, אלי who, which, Aramaic אִלֵּין, with הא lo! prefixed, , Samaritan , Mandean עלין. Only the Arabic forms its own plural . V. further W^{SG 107 ff.}) —

1. standing alone:
a. this one, sometimes contemptuously (especially with אֵת), Gen 2:23 לָזֹאת יִקָּרֵא אִשָּׁה כִּי מֵאִישׁ לֻקֳּחָהזּֿאֹת, Gen 5:29 זֶה יְנַחֲמֵנוּ ֗֗֗ , Gen 12:12; Gen 38:28; Exod 10:7 עַד מָתַי יִהְיֶה זֶה לָנוּ לְמוֺקֵשׁ, 1Sam 10:27 מַה יּוֺשִׁיעֵנוּ זֶה how shall this man save us ? 1Sam 16:8; 1Sam 16:9; 1Sam 21:16 that ye have brought אֶתזֶֿה this fellow to play the madman against me ? 1Sam 25:21 in vain have I kept אֶתכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר לָזֶה all that this fellow hath etc. 2Sam 13:17 אֶתזֹֿאת, 1Kgs 22:27 אֶתזֶֿה, Mic 5:4; Isa 66:2 as a genitive, Gen 29:27; Gen 29:28; 1Kgs 21:2 with a collective force Lev 11:4; Lev 11:9 (= Deut 14:7; Deut 14:9), vDeut 14:21 vDeut 14:29; Judg 20:16; Judg 20:17 (כָּלזֶֿה), Job 19:19 (with a plural verb). In a purely neuter sense (of an act, event, announcement, etc.) זאת is most common, as with עשׂה to do this Gen 3:14; Gen 20:5; Gen 20:6; Gen 45:19 and often, שׁמעו זאת Amos 8:4; Isa 47:8; Isa 48:1; Isa 48:16; Isa 51:21 and elsewhere; Gen 41:39; Exod 17:14; Deut 32:6; Judg 7:14; Judg 21:3 לָמָההָֽ֗֗֗יְתָה זֹאת (compare Job 1:13; Ps 118:23) 1Kgs 11:39; 2Sam 7:19; 2Kgs 3:18 +; אֵין זֹאת 1Sam 20:2b compare Amos 2:11 rarely so with אֶתֿ Josh 22:24; Jer 9:11; Ps 92:7 as an accusative of limitation, as regards this, in this, Ezek 20:27; Ezek 36:37; Job 19:26 (si vera lectio), Job 33:12 in this thou art not just; (late) אַחֲרֵי זֹאת Job 42:16; Ezra 9:10, כלזֿאת ׳א 2Chr 21:18; 2Chr 35:20 pointing forward to a following clause, Gen 42:18; Gen 43:11; Num 8:24; Num 14:35; Isa 56:2; Job 10:13 etc.; Exod 9:16; 1Sam 25:31; Isa 1:12 מִי דִקֵּשׁ זאת מִיֶּדְכֶם רְמֹס חֲצֵרָֽי׃; to one introduced by כִּי 2Sam 19:22; Ps 102:19; Ps 119:50; Ps 119:56 (see also בְּזֹאת 6 b β): but זֶה also sometimes occurs similarly Exod 13:8; Prov 24:12; Job 15:17; Neh 2:2; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 2:15 גם זה הבל (so vEccl 2:19 vEccl 2:21 vEccl 2:23 +), Eccl 7:18 (twice in verse); of a concrete object, Exod 30:31; 2Kgs 4:43 מָה אֶתֵּן זֶה לִפְנֵי מֵאָה אִישׁ: in late Hebrew, Neh 13:6 בְּכָלזֶֿה during all this, 2Chr 32:9 אַחַר זֶה; pointing forwards la 2Chr 5:17 f., to כִּי Ps 56:10 je Ps 22:21. (See also below, 6 g.)
b. repeated זֶהזֶ֗֗֗ה, this . . . that, the one . . . the other or (if indefinite) another, Gen 29:27 (זֹאת), Exod 14:20 וְלֹא קָרַב זֶה אֶל זֶה, 1Kgs 3:23; 1Kgs 22:20; Isa 6:3; Isa 44:5 (3 t.), Ps 75:8 זֶה יַשְׁפִּיל וְזֶה יָרִים, Job 1:16-18; Job 21:23; Job 21:25 +.

2. In apposition to a substantive:
a. preceding it (rare) Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 זֶה משֶׁה, Judg 5:5 (= Ps 68:9) זֶה סִינַי this Sinai, Josh 9:12 זֶה לַחְמֵנוּ this our bread, 1Kgs 14:14; 2Kgs 6:33; Isa 23:13 זֶה הָעָם, Ps 34:7; Ps 49:14; Ps 104:25 ׳זה הים גדול וג this sea there is great and broad, Ps 118:20; Song 7:8; Ezra 3:12. (compare זוּ Hab 1:11.)
b. following it: — (a) when the substantive is determined by a pronominal affix, Gen 24:8 שְׁבוּעָתִי זֹאת, this my oath, Deut 5:16 O that לְבָבָם זֶה this their heart (their present temper) might continue always! Deut 21:20; Josh 2:14; Josh 2:20 דְּבָרֵנוּ זֶה, Judg 6:14 go בְּכֹחֲךָ זֶה in this thy strength, Dan 10:17; 2Chr 24:18. (compare אֵלֶּה,
a.) Rarely when it is undetermined, 2Kgs 1:2 חֳלִי זֶה (so 2Kgs 8:8; 2Kgs 8:9), Ps 80:15 (β) with the article, הַזֶּה, הַזּאֹת, after a substantive determined also by the article, Gen 7:1 בַּדּוֺר הַזֶּה, vGen 7:13 הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה, Gen 12:7 הָאָרֶץ הַזּאֹת, Gen 15:7; Gen 17:21; Gen 17:23; Deut 4:6 הגוי הגדול הזה, and continually. Not however after a proper name, except such as are construed with the article, as הַיַּרְדֵּן הַזֶּה Gen 32:11; Deut 3:27; Deut 31:2; Josh 1:2; Josh 1:11; Josh 4:22, הַלְּבָנוֺן הַזֶּה Josh 1:4, compare Num 27:12 = Deut 32:49 (2Kgs 5:20 הַזֶּה belongs to הָאֲרַמִּי): and hardly ever (2Chr 1:10 after a noun with a pronominal affix (Josh 2:17 מִשְּׁבֻעָתֵךְ הַזֶּה the gender of הזה shews that the text is in error: see Dr^{§ 209} Obs.).

3. More oft. as predicate, as 1Sam 24:17 הֲקוֺלְךָ זֶה, 2Kgs 3:23 דָּם זֶה this is blood, 2Kgs 9:37 זֹאת אִיזָָֽבֶל׃, Ezek 5:5 etc.; הֲזֶה Isa 14:16, הֲזֹאת Isa 23:7; Lam 2:15 often at the beginning or close of enumerations (especially P), descriptions, injunctions, etc., as Gen 5:1 זה ספר this is the book . . ., Gen 9:12 זֹאת אוֺת הַבְּרִית, Gen 17:10; Gen 20:13 זֶה חַסְדֵּךְ אֲשֶׁר תַּעֲשִׂי עִמָּדִי, Lev 6:2; Lev 6:13; Lev 6:18; Lev 7:1; Lev 7:11; Lev 33:1; etc.; זה הדבר אשׁר ֗֗֗ Exod 16:16; Exod 35:4; Exod 21:11; Jer 38:21 +, compare זה אשׁר ֗֗֗ this is what (or how) . . . Gen 6:15; Exod 29:38; Jer 33:16 זֶה לְךָ הָאוֺת Exod 3:12; 1Sam 2:34 +; at the end, Lev 7:37; Lev 11:46; Lev 13:50; Num 5:21; Num 7:17; Num 7:23 etc., Josh 19:8; Josh 19:16; Josh 19:23 etc., Isa 14:26; Isa 16:13 (זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ ), Isa 17:14; Isa 54:17; Jer 13:25; Ps 109:20; Song 5:16 (twice in verse); Job 5:27, in the latter case sometimes with the force of such (i.e. such as has been described), Job 18:21; Job 20:29 (compare אֵלֶּה Ps 73:12), Ps 24:6; Ps 48:15 such (= such a one) is God, our God, for ever (Hi De) Zeph 2:15 compare Job 14:3 אַףעַֿלזֶֿה upon one such as this (Job 14:1 vJob 14:2) dost thou open thy eyes?

4. It is attached enclitically, almost as an adverb, to certain words, especially interrogative pronouns, to impart, in a manner often not reproducible in English idiom, directness and force, bringing the question or statement made into close relation with the speaker. (Contrast from this point of view מי זה and מי הוא: see הוא 4 b. Thus
a. אֵיזֶֿה₁₅ where, then ? Job 28:12 אֵיזֶֿה מְקוֺם בִּינָה, vJob 28:20; Job 38:19 b (see other examples below אַי 1 b, p. 32).
b. מִיזֶֿה, 1Sam 17:55; 1Sam 17:56 בֶּןמִֿיזֶֿ֖ה הָעָֽלֶם׃ the son of whom, here, is the lad ? Jer 49:19 (= Jer 50:44) ׳וּמִי זֶה רֹעֶה אֲשֶׁר וג and who (emphatic) is the shepherd that etc., Lam 3:37; Ps 24:8 Who is the king of glory ? (for which in vPs 24:10 the stronger מִי הוּא זֶה is said: so Jer 30:21; Esth 7:5), Esth 25:12. Elsewhere, the rend. Who is this . . . is admissible: Isa 63:1; Jer 46:7; Job 38:2; Job 42:3 compare מִיזֹֿאת Song 3:6; Song 6:10; Song 8:5.
c. מַהזֶֿה how, now ? Gen 27:20; Judg 18:24 וּמַהזֶּֿה תּאֹמְרוּ אֵלַי and how, now, do ye say to me . . . ? 1Kgs 21:5; 2Kgs 1:5 what, now ? (τίποτε;) 1Sam 10:11 מַהזֶּֿה הָיָה לְבֶןקִֿישׁ; עַלמַֿהאזֶּה for what ? Neh 2:4: contracted into מַזֶּה Exod 4:2. (compare Aramaic מָדֵין why ? used as a conjunction therefore, e.g. 2Sam 18:22 ᵑ6, PS^{2013: both formed similarly}.)
d. מַהזּֿאֹת in the phrase (עֲשִׂיתֶם, עָשִׂית) מַהזּֿאֹת עָשִׂיתָ Gen 3:13; Gen 12:18; Gen 26:10; Gen 29:25; Gen 42:28; Exod 14:11; Judg 2:2; Judg 15:11 +. Either What, now, hast thou (have ye) done ? (Fl De) or what is this (that) thou hast (ye have) done ? (The Arabic grammarians dispute on the precise construction of the corresponding phrase in Arabic ; De^{Gen 3:13 (ed. 4)}, and especially Fl^{Kl Schr. i. 356} Lane^{p. 948}.)
e. לָמָּהזֶּֿה wherefore, now ? Gen 18:13; Gen 25:22; Gen 32:30; Exod 5:22; Num 11:20 + often compare Arabic feminine הַאַתָּה זֶה 2Sam 2:20 האתה זה עשׂהאל Art thou Asahel ? 1Kgs 18:7; 1Kgs 18:17, without הֲ Gen 27:24 in an indirect question Gen 27:21.
g. הִנֵּה זֶה behold, here . . . 1Kgs 19:5 (in narrative), Isa 21:9; Song 2:8; Song 2:9. compare Num 13:17 (unusual) עֲלוּ זֶה בַּנֶּגֶבּ go up here in the South.
h. עַתָּה זֶה, 1Kgs 17:24 עַתָּה זֶה יָדַעְתִּי now I know that . . ., 2Kgs 5:22 just now. Also
i. prefixed to expressions denoting a period of time: Gen 27:36 he hath supplanted me זֶה פַעֲמַיִם now two times (so Gen 43:10), Gen 31:38 now, already twenty years, vGen 31:41 (זֶהלִּֿי ֗֗֗ , Gen 45:6; Num 14:22 now ten times, Num 22:28; Num 22:32 זֶה שָׁלשׁ רְגָלִים, Deut 8:2; Deut 8:4; Josh 22:3 זֶה יָמִים רַבִּים, 2Sam 14:2 +; Zech 7:3 זֶה כַּמָּה שָׁנִים already how many years! compare Ruth 2:7.

5. In poetry, as a relative pronoun (rare: but see also זוֺ, זוּ): Ps 74:2 the hill of Zion זה שׁכנת בּוֺ wherein thou dwellest, Ps 78:54; Ps 104:8 אלמְֿקום זה to the place (stative construct Ges^{«GKC:130»§ 130}. 3) which . . . vPs 78:26; Prov 23:22; Isa 25:9 = that which Job 15:17, those who Job 19:19 (so once, Exod 13:8, even in prose). In some of the passages cited the punctuators, by coupling זה with the preceding substantive, and separating it from what follows by a disj. accent (as הַרֶֿזה), appear not to have recognised its relative sense, but to have construed, 'this mountain, (which) thy right hand,' etc.

6. With prefixes (in special senses): —
a. בָּזֶה₁₅ in this (place), here, Gen 38:21; Gen 38:22; Exod 24:14; Num 23:1 (twice in verse); 1Sam 1:26; 1Sam 9:11 +; of time, then, Esth 2:13. Once בַּזֶה 1Sam 21:10.
b. בְּזֹאת (a) with this = on these conditions, Gen 34:15; Gen 34:22; 1Sam 11:2; Isa 27:9 = herewith, thus provided Lev 16:3. (β) by or through this (especially with יָדַע), Gen 42:15; Gen 42:33; Exod 7:17; Num 16:28; Josh 3:10; Ps 41:12 so בָּזֹאת Mal 3:10. (γ) in spite of this, Lev 26:27; Ps 27:3, for which the fuller בְּכָלזֹֿאת occurs, Isa 5:25; Isa 9:11; Isa 9:16; Isa 9:20; Isa 10:4; Ps 78:32; Jer 3:10; Hos 7:10. (δ) בָּזֹאת for this cause (late style) 1Chr 27:24; 2Chr 19:2 in this matter 2Chr 20:17
c. כָּזֶה
(a) Gen 41:38 הֲנִמְצָא כָזֶה אִישׁ אשׁר ֗֗֗ , Isa 56:12; Isa 58:5; Jer 5:9 גּוֺי אֲשֶׁר כָּזֶה (so vJer 5:29; Jer 9:8). (β) כָּזֹה וְכָזֶה thus and thus, Judg 18:4; 2Sam 11:25; 1Kgs 14:5.
d. כְּזֹאת the like of this = as follows, Gen 45:23 כָּזֹאת the like of this = things such as these Judg 13:23 (with השׁמיע), Judg 15:7; Judg 19:30 לא נראתה כָּזֹאת, 1Sam 4:7 (compare Jer 2:10; 2Chr 30:26), 2Sam 14:13 (with חשׁב), Isa 66:8 (with שׁמע), Ezra 7:27 = accordingly, to that effect (with דִּבֶּר) 2Chr 34:22 = in like manner Judg 8:8 = thus (as has been described) 1Kgs 7:37; 1Chr 29:14; 2Chr 31:20; 2Chr 32:15: כָּזֹאת וְכָזֹאת thus and thus Josh 7:20; 2Sam 17:15 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 5:4; 2Kgs 9:12.
e. מִזֶּה from here, hence Gen 37:17; Gen 42:15; Gen 50:25; Exod 11:1 (twice in verse); Exod 13:3; Deut 9:12 + often: מִזֶּהמִ֗֗֗זֶּה on one side . . . on the other side Exod 17:12 מזה אחד ומזה אחד, Exod 25:19; Exod 26:13; Exod 32:15 מזה ומזה הם כתובים, Num 22:24; 1Sam 14:4; 1Kgs 10:19; 1Kgs 10:20; Zech 5:3 +; מִוֶּה וּמִזֶּה לְ on one side and on the other side of . . . Exod 38:15; Josh 8:33; Ezek 45:7; Ezek 48:21. feminine עַל זֶה on this account (rare), Lam 5:17 (pointing forwards), Esth 6:3. So עַל זֹאת Amos 8:8; Mic 1:8; Jer 2:12 (Job 17:8) Jer 4:8; Jer 4:28; Ps 32:6 in late prose Ezra 8:23; Ezra 9:15; Ezra 10:2; Neh 13:14; 2Chr 16:9; 2Chr 16:10; 2Chr 29:9; 2Chr 32:20.
g. עִם זֶה in spite of this Neh 5:18. — On אֵי זֶה which ? אֵי מִזֶּה whence ? אֵי לָזֹאת how ? see below אַי 2; and on הַלָּז, הַלָּזֶה, הַלֵּזוּ.

Note. — זֶה in 1Sam 17:34 (in many editions) is a typographical error (not a Kt) of Jacob b. Chayim's Rabbinic Bible of 1525 for שׂה sheep, which has been perpetuated hence in other subsequent editions. The reading of MSS. and of the best ancient editions is שֶׂה (compare de Rossi^{Var. Lect. ii. 151}).

this, thus, these, that, such, …

zōt

this (often used adverb)

this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, such

(alone)

this one

this

this, such

then

wherein, which, those who

in this (place) here, then

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Tn

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3808

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Sp2mp

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H854

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncmsc/Sp2mp

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H905

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Pp1cs

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H595

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqrmsa

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3772

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar To

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Ncfsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1285

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Pdxfs

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2063

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/To

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Ncfsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H423

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Pdxfs

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2063

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV