Deuteronomy 4:37

וְ תַ֗חַת

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

תַ֗חַת

Preposition under, stead, for, instead, place, …

Dictionary form: תַּחַת · ta-HAHT

Preposition

In the KJV here: and because

under ×138 in his stead ×70 for ×51 and under ×20 from under ×20 instead of ×13 beneath ×12 instead ×11

More options

under — Default spatial sense; below or beneath something.

beneath — Slightly more emphatic or literary than 'under'.

instead of — Substitution sense; one thing replacing another.

in place of — Substitution sense; slightly more formal than 'instead of'.

because of — Causal sense; use when context implies consequence or reason.

in exchange for — Commercial or reciprocal contexts; stresses equivalence.

BDB9138 H8478

תַּחַת noun [masculine] the under part (Arabic id.), hence as adverb accusative and preposition underneath, below, instead of (so Arabic , Sabean תחת, Ethiopic Phoenician תחת (Lzb³⁸⁵); Biblical Aramaic ᵑ7, תְּחוֺת, Palmyrene in מן לתחת Tariff Gen 1:4 (Cooke³²⁰), Syriac ); —

1. as adverb accusative Gen 49:25 (= Deut 33:13) the deep רֹבֶצֶת תָּ֑חַת that coucheth beneath; more usually with מִן, מִתָּחַת literally off (מִן 1 c) the under part = beneath, Exod 20:4 (= Deut 5:8) בָּאָרֶץ מִתָּ֑חַת (so Deut 4:39; Josh 2:1l 1Kgs 8:23 [both D²], Isa 51:6), Deut 33:27; Judg 7:8; Amos 2:9; Isa 14:9; Job 18:16; Ezek 47:1b II. as preposition; so construct, and with suffix (usually in the plural, and so literally in the parts underneath) תַּחְתַּי Hab 3:16+, חַתֵּנִי (compare בַּעֲדֵנִי, עוֺדֶנִּי: Ges^{«GKC:103d»§ 103d}) 2Sam 22:37; 2Sam 22:40; 2Sam 22:48 (Ps 18:37; Ps 18:40; Ps 18:48 תַּחְתָּ֑י); תַּחְתֶּיךָ; תַּחְתָּיו (Kt תַּחְתּוֺ 2Sam 2:23; 2Sam 3:12; 2Sam 16:8; Job 9:13), תֵּחְתֶּיהָ Lev 13:23 + 16 t., תַּחְתֶּ֫נָּה (compare אֵינֶנָּה, עוֺדֶנָּה) Gen 2:21 תַּחְתֵּינוּ 1Sam 14:9; Ps 47:4 תַּחְתֵּיהֶם Josh 2:14; Amos 2:13 תַּחְתֵּיהֶם Num 16:31; 1Kgs 20:24; 1Chr 4:41; 1Chr 5:22; 2Chr 12:10 (for תַּחְתָּם 1Kgs 14:27), תַּחְתָּם Deut 2:12 + 10 t., תַּחְתֵּקהֶן Jer 28:13 —

1. under, beneath, Gen 7:19 הַשָּׁמַיִם תַּחַת כָּלֿ under the whole heaven (so Deut 2:25; Deut 4:19; Job 28:24; Job 37:3; Job 41:3; Dan 9:12), Dan 18:4 הָעֵץ ׳ת, Dan 21:15; Dan 24:2 + often; Job 30:14 שׁוֺאָה ׳תּ under the crash they roll themselves against me; הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ ׳ת Eccl 1:3; Eccl 1:9; Eccl 1:13 + often Ecclesiastes (so in Phoenician, Cooke^{4. 7; 5. 12}). With לְ 2Chr 4:3 תַּחַת לוֺ, Song 2:6 = Song 8:3 לְראֹשִׁי ׳ת. Idiomatic
a. תַּחַת הָהָר at the foot of the mountain, Exod 24:4; Deut 4:11, so Deut 3:17 ׳אַשְׁדֹּת הַפִּסְגָּה ת Josh 11:3; Josh 11:17 +; figurative Ps 18:37 תַּחְתָּ֑י תַּרְחִיד אְעָדַי thou broadenest mysteps under me, Job 36:15 רַחַב לאֹ מוּצָק תַּחְתֶּיךָ (so read for תחתיה, Di Bu) breadth unstraitened is beneath thee.
b. ׳הַלָּשׁוֺן ת, of something held there as a dainty morsel, and ready, when needed, to be brought out, figurative of sweetness Song 4:11, of evil Ps 10:7 ׳לְשֹׁנוֺ עָמָל וָאָוֶן ת, Job 20:12 (so שְׁפָתֵימוֺ ׳ת Ps 140:4), of praise Ps 66:17 לְשֹׁנוֺ ׳וְרוֺמַם ת (synonym בִּגְרוֺנָם Ps 149:6).
c. ׳תַּחַת פ:
(a) of subjection, Ps 18:40 תַּחְתָּ֑י תַּכְּ רִיעַ קָמַי, vPs 18:48 (compare Ps 47:4; Ps 144:2), Ps 45:6; Job 9:13.
(b) of a woman, אִישָׁתּ ׳ת, i.e. under his authority, Num 5:19; Num 5:20; Num 5:29, so Ezek 23:5 תַּחְתַּי being under me = being mine (figurative of Israel as ׳י's spouse), compare ὕπανδρος Rom 7:2, and Qor 66:10.
(c) of being burdened or oppressed under, Isa 24:5 the earth יָֽשְׁבֶיהָ ׳הָֽנְפָה ת, Prov 30:21 שָׁלוֺשׁ רָגְזָה אֶרֶץ ׳ת, vProv 30:22 vProv 30:23; Hab 3:7 אָיֶן ׳ת i.e. (si vera 1.) suffering under calamity.
d. ׳יַד פ ׳ת, of authority or control, Gen 41:35 יַד פַּרְעֹה ׳וְיִצְבְּרוּ בָר ת; Judg 3:30 (compare Ps 106:42), 1Sam 21:4; 1Sam 21:5 (strike out אֶל; dittograph חֹל), v.1Sam 21:9; Isa 3:6.
e. ׳רַגְלֵי פ ׳ת, of subjection or conquest, Ps 8:7 רַגְלָיו כֹּל ׳שַׁתָּה ת, Ps 18:39; Ps 47:4; Lam 3:34, compare Mal 3:31.

2. what is under one, the place in which one stands: hence as accusative,
a. with reflexive pronoun, idiomatic, in one's place, where one stands, Exod 16:29 תַּחְתָּיו שְׁבוּ אִישׁ abide every one in his place, Lev 13:23; Lev 13:28; Josh 5:8; Josh 6:5; Josh 6:20; Judg 7:21; 1Sam 14:9 וְעָמַדְנוּ תַחְתֵּינוּ we will remain where we are, 2Sam 2:23 וַיָּמָת תַּחְתָּו he died where he was (compare Jer 38:9 [read וּמֵת]), Jer 7:10; Isa 25:10; Isa 46:7; Amos 2:13; Hab 3:16 וְתַחְתַּי אֶרְגָּ֑ז I tremble where I stand, Zech 12:6; Zech 14:10; Job 36:20; Job 40:12 תַּחְתָּם
b. in transferred sense, in place of, instead of: (a) Gen 2:18; Gen 4:25 הֶבֶל ׳ת instead of Abel, Gen 22:13 בְּנוֺ ׳ת, Gen 30:2 אלהיס אנכי ׳הֲת (compare Gen 50:19), Gen 44:33; 2Sam 19:1 + often; Job 16:4; Isa 3:24; Isa 55:13; Isa 61:3; Isa 61:7 of one succeeding to the place of another, תַּחְתָּיו וַיִּמְחֹ Gen 36:33-49 1Kgs 8:20; 1Kgs 11:43; 1Kgs 14:20 + often, Deut 2:12; Deut 2:21 וַיֵָּֽשְׁבוּ תַחְתָּם, Lev 16:32; 1Kgs 2:35 +; Ps 45:17 in place of thy fathers (whom thou mayest therefore forget) will be thy children. compare in Ph CIS^i.3.9 (Cooke³⁰). Sq. infinitive Isa 60:15 הֱיוֺתֵח ׳ת instead of thy being . . . Peculiarly Job 34:26 (si vera lectio)= as if they were, like; but text very dubious; Bi Bu תָּחֵת חֲמָתוֺ רְשָׁעִ֑ים his wrath breaketh in pieces the wicked. (b) in particular, of things mutually interchanged, in place of, in exchange or return for: Gen 30:15 דּוּדָאֵי בְנֵח ׳ת in return, for thy son's love-apples, Exod 21:23) גֶפְשׁlife for life, vExod 21:24 vExod 21:25 vExod 21:26 vExod 21:27 vExod 21:36 v.Exod 22:37, Josh 2:14 נַפְשֵׁנוּ תַחְתֵּיכֶם לָמוּת, 1Sam 2:20; 1Kgs 20:39 נפשׁו ׳נפשׁך ת, v1Kgs 20:42 (compare 2Kgs 10:24), 2Kgs 21:2; Isa 43:3; Isa 43:4 often with verbs of requiting, Gen 44:4 טוֺבָם ׳לָ֫מּה שִׁלַּמְתֶּם רָעָה ת why have ye rewarded evil in exchange for good ? 1Sam 25:21; 2Sam 16:12; 2Sam 19:22; Ps 35:12 טוֺבָה ׳יְשַׁלְּמוּנִי דָעָה ת, Ps 38:21a; Ps 109:4; Ps 109:5; Prov 17:3 +; Jer 5:19 תַּחַת מֶה in return for what? (compare עַלמֶֿה Jer 22:8; Deut 29:23; 1Kgs 9:8). So followed by infinitive Ps 38:21b.

3. as conjunction: a. תַּחַת אֲשֶׁר:
(a) instead of that (German. anstatt dass), Deut 28:62 הֱיִיתֶם ׳א ׳ת instead of that ye were..., instead of your being.., Ezek 36:34. (b) in return for (the fact) that, because that (ᵐ5 ἀνθ’ ὧν Amos 1:3 + often), Num 25:13 ׳אֲשֶׁר קִנָּא לא ׳ת, Deut 21:14; Deut 22:29; Deut 28:47; 1Sam 26:21; 2Kgs 22:17 = 2Chr 34:25; Isa 53:12; Jer 29:19; Jer 50:7; 2Chr 21:12.
b. תַּחַת כִּי Deut 4:37 (but ? read : וֶַתּחִי as end of vDeut 4:36), Prov 1:29. compare עֵקֶב אֲשֶׁר (כִּיׅ. III compounds: —

1. אֶלתַּֿחַת, after a verb of motion:
a. (in) under, Judg 6:19 וַיּוֺצֵא אֶלֿ הָאֵלָה ׳ת, 1Kgs 8:6 (|| 2Chr 5:7), Jer 3:6; Jer 38:11 (on 1Sam 21:5 see II. 1 d); after קָרָא Zech 3:10: so ׳לְ ׳אֶלתֿ Ezek 10:2.
b. into the place of, Lev 14:42.

2. מִתַּחַת (= ὑπ’ ἐκ):
a. alone, from under, from beneath as מִתַּחַת הַשָּׁמַיִם Gen 1:7, and especially after such verbs as שִׁחֵת Gen 6:17, מָחֶה Exod 17:14; Deut 9:14; Deut 25:19; Deut 29:19; 2Kgs 14:27, הֶאֲבִיד Deut 7:24, compare Lam 3:66; Ezek 47:1 a מִפְּתַּן ׳מִתּ הַבַּיִת, Prov 22:27 לָ֫מָּה יִקַח מִשְׁכָּֽבְּךָ מִּתַּחְתֶּיךָ; Exod 6:6; Exod 6:7 סִבְלוֺת מִצְרַיִם ׳מִתּ, Hos 4:12 אֱלֹהֵיהֶם ׳וַיִּזְנוּ מִתּ (compare II. 1 c a, b); ׳יַד פ ׳מִתּ (compare II. 1 d) from under the hand (power) of ... Exod 18:10; 2Kgs 8:20; 2Kgs 8:22; 2Kgs 13:5; 2Kgs 17:7 +; מִתַּחְתָּיו (compare II. 2 a) from his place Exod 10:23; Zech 6:12. Rarely = תַּחַת or ׳מִתַּחַת לְ, Gen 1:9 (P) Ezek 1:8; Ezek 42:9; Ezek 46:23; Job 26:5.
b. ׳מִתַּחַת לְ (opposed to ׳מִמַּעַל לְ) under, beneath: Gen 1:17 ׳הַמַּיִם אֲשֶׁר מִתּ לָרָקִיעַ, Exod 20:4 הַמַּיִם מִתַּחַת לָאָרֶץ (so Deut 4:18; Deut 5:8), Judg 3:16 לְמַדָּיו ׳מִתּ, Jer 38:12 +; of locality, Gen 35:8 לְבֵיתְאֵל ׳מִתּ, 1Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 4:12.
c. ׳לְמִתַּחַת לְ ( compare מִן 9 b), id quod ׳מִתַּחַת לְ 1Kgs 7:32.

BDB9998 H8460 H8478 H8479

תְּחוֺת preposition under (Biblical Hebrew תַּחַתּ; ᵑ7 תְּחוֺת, Syriac , , adverb ; Palmyrene מן לתחת Cooke³²⁰); — Dan 7:27 תְּחוֺת כָּלשְֿׁמַיָּא (compare Biblical Hebrew II. 1); in plural with suffix (as Biblical Hebrew, Syriac, ᵑ7) Dan 4:9 תְּחֹתֹהִי (so ᵑ7^Onk Lev 15:10: Dalm^{§ 47, 2}), vLev 15:18. With מִן, Jer 10:11 מִן תְּחוֺת שְׁמַיָּא (compare Biblical Hebrew III. 2); suffix Dan 4:11 מִןתַּֿחְתּוֺהִי (the form as Syriac adverb above, unless a Hebraizing punct.).

under, stead, for, instead, place, …

taḥat

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

the under part, beneath, instead of, as, for, for the sake of, flat, unto, where, whereas

(n m) the under part

at the foot of (idiom)

in one's place, the place in which one stands (idiom with reflexive pronoun)

כִּ֤י

Conjunction for, that, because, but, when, …

Dictionary form: כִּי · kee

Conjunction

for ×2058 that ×621 because ×373 but ×221 when ×190 if ×94 and if ×49 though ×39

More options

because — Causal; explains the reason for a preceding statement.

that — Complementary/content clause; introduces indirect speech or thought.

since — Causal with a presupposed background fact.

when — Temporal; use where כִּי marks time rather than cause.

if — Conditional; use in hypothetical or legal-style clauses.

although — Concessive; acknowledges a contrasting reality.

BDB3937 H3587 H3588

כִּי noun [masculine] burning, branding (for form, compare רִי from רָוָה, אִי, צִי, עִי: Kö^{ii. 1. 64}) — only כִּי תַּחַת יֹ֑פִי Isa 3:24 branding instead of beauty, in judgment on women of Jerusalem.

BDB3995 H3588 H518

כִּי conjunction that, for, when (Moabite id,: Phoenician כ. Probably from the same demonstrative basis found in here, and in certain pronouns, as Aramaic דֵּךְ this (W^{SG 110 f.}); perhaps also ultimately akin with that, in order that, and then, enclitic, like Latin nam in quisnam?) —

1. that (ὅτι, German dass):
a. prefixed to sentences depending on an active verb, and occupying to it the place of an accusative: so constantly, after verbs of seeing, as Gen 1:10 וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים כִּי טוֺב and God saw that it was good, Gen 3:6; Gen 6:2; Gen 6:5; Gen 12:14 + often, hearing Gen 14:14; Gen 29:33, knowing Gen 22:12; Gen 24:14, telling Gen 3:11; Gen 12:18, repenting Gen 6:6; Gen 6:7, swearing Gen 22:16; Jer 22:5, believing Exod 4:5; Lam 4:12, remembering Ps 78:35, forgetting Job 39:15 אָמַר = command (late; in early Hebrew the words said are quoted) Job 36:10; Job 36:24 (זְכֹר in a command) Job 37:20 b 1Chr 21:18 (contrast 2Sam 24:18) etc.; טוֺב כּי it is good that ... 2Sam 18:2 + (usually the infinitive with, as Gen 2:18 see ibid.); Gen 37:26 מַהבֶּֿצַע כִּי נַהֲרֹג what profit that we should slay (imperfect)...? Mal 3:14 what proft כִּי שָׁמַרְנוּ that we have kept (perfect)...? Job 22:3 הַחֵפֶץ לְשַׁדַּי כִּי is it pleasure to Shaddai that...? after a pronoun, as Ps 41:12 by this I know that thou hast pleasure in me, that my enemy cannot triumph over me, Ps 42:5 these things will I remember...that (or how) I used to go, etc., Ps 56:10 this I know that God is for me Job 13:16 (הוא). And with כִּי repeated pleonastic after an intervening clause 2Sam 19:7; Jer 26:15 +; כִּי ֗֗֗ וְכִי Gen 3:6; Gen 29:12; Exod 4:31; Josh 2:9; Josh 8:21; Josh 10:1; 1Sam 31:7; 2Sam 5:12; 1Kgs 11:21; Jer 40:7; Jer 40:11 לֵאמֹר ֗֗֗ וְכִי Gen 45:26; Judg 10:10.
b. כִּי often introduces the direct narration (like , , and the Greek ὅτι recitativum, e.g. Luke 4:21), in which case it cannot be represented in English (except by inverted commas), Gen 21:30; Gen 29:33 and she said, ׳כִּי שׁמע י Yahweh hath heard, etc.; Exod 3:12 = Judg 6:16 and he said, כִּי אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I will be with thee, Josh 2:24; 1Sam 2:16 (see Dr) 1Sam 10:19 and ye have said to him, כִּי מֶלָךְ תָּשִׂים עָלֵינוּ Thou shalt set a king over us, 2Sam 11:23; 1Kgs 1:13; 1Kgs 20:5; Ruth 1:10, compare Ruth 2:21 (but in reply to a question כִּי may = because, see below 3; and so also in sentences giving the explanation of a proper name, Gen 26:22; Gen 29:32 (but De surely: see below), Exod 2:10 (compare Gen 4:25; Gen 41:51; Gen 41:52); in כִּי מָה, introducing an expostulation, 1Sam 29:8; 1Kgs 11:22; 2Kgs 8:13, it gives the reason for a suppressed 'Why do you say this?').
c. especially after an oath חַי אָ֫נִי, ׳חַי י etc., introducing the fact sworn to, Gen 42:16 by the life of Pharaoh, כִּי מְרַגְּלִים אַתֶּם (I say) that ye are spies; but though Hebrew usage probably gave it an asseverative force, English idiom does not require it to be expressed: Num 14:22; 1Sam 20:3 as ׳י liveth, כִּי כְפֶשַׂע בֵּינִי וּבֵין הַמָּוֶת there is but a step between me and death! 1Sam 26:16; 1Sam 29:6; Isa 49:18 +; 1Sam 14:44 כֹּהיַֿעֲשֶׂה אֱלֹהִים וְכֹה יוֺסִיף כִּי מוֺת תָּמוּת thus may God do and more also: thou shalt surely die! 2Sam 3:35; 1Kgs 2:23; Ruth 1:17 and elsewhere — Note that כִּי when thus used is often repeated after an intervening clause, in order that its force may be fully preserved: Gen 1:39 כִּי מוֺת יָמוּת (אִםיֶֿשְׁנוֺ בְּיוֺנָתָן בְּנִי) כִּי ׳חַי י 1Sam 25:34; 2Sam 2:27 ׳כִּי אָז וג (לוּלֵא דִּבַּרְתָּ) כִּי, 2Sam 3:9; 2Sam 15:21 Qr 1Kgs 1:30; Jer 22:24.
d. כִּי is used sometimes with advs. and interjs. to add force or distinctness to the affirmation which follows:
(a) so especially in אַף כִּי (see אַף); הֲכִי is it that . . .? (as a neutral interrogative) 2Sam 9:1, (expecting a negative answer) Gen 29:15 is it that thou art my brother, and shalt (therefore) serve me for nothing? Job 6:22 is it that I have said, Give unto me? expressing surprise Gen 27:36 is it that he is called Jacob, and has (hence) supplanted me twice? 2Sam 23:19 an affirm. answer is required (which would imply הֲלֹא כִי): read probably with the || 1Chr 11:25 הִנּוֺ be-hold, he, etc.; אִםלֹֿא כִּי Deut 32:30 were it not that .. .; אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2 of a truth (is it) that ye are the people, etc.; אַךְ כִּי 1Sam 8:9 אֶפֶם כִּי Num 13:28 +; גַּם כִּי Ruth 2:21 הֲלֹא כִי 1Sam 10:1 (but see ᵐ5 Dr), 2Sam 13:28 הִנֵּה כִי Ps 128:4 compare Ps 118:10 כִּי אֲמִיַלם ׳בְּשֵׁם י in the name of ׳י (is it) that — or (I say) that — I will mow them down; Job 39:27 doth the vulture mount up at thy command, וְכִי יָרִים קִנּוֺ and (is it) that it (so) makes high its nest? Isa 36:19 have the gods of the nations delivered each his land etc.? . . . וְכִי הִצִּילוּ i.e. (Hi) and (is it) that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand? > (Ew^{§ 354 c} De Di) and that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand! = how much less (אַף כִּי) have they, etc.! (|| 2Kgs 18:34 כִּי alone, perhaps conformed by error to v2Kgs 18:35; 2Chr 32:15 אַף כִּי, which however does not decide the sense of the original וְכִי). 1Chr 29:14 וְכִי מִי read ומי or כי מי
(b) in introducing the apodosis, especially in כִּי עַתָּה (chiefly after לוּלֵא) indeed then . . ., Gen 31:42; Gen 43:10 for unless we had tarried כִּי עַתָּה שַׁבְנוּ surely then we had returned twice, Num 22:33 (read לוּלֵי for אוּלַי); so 1Sam 14:30 ᵐ5 (after לוּא), and 1Sam 13:13 Hi We (לֻא for לֹא); after אִם Job 8:6 surely then he will awake over thee, etc. (But elsewhere כִּי עַתָּה is simply for now, Gen 29:32; Job 7:21 +; or for then = for in that case, Exod 9:15; Num 22:29; Job 3:13; Job 6:3 +). It is dubious whether כִּי אָז has the same sense: for 2Sam 2:27; 2Sam 19:7 the כִּי in כִּי אָז may be merely resumptive of the כִּי recitation preceding (see a, c). Rare otherwise: Exod 22:22 if thou afflict him כִּי אִםצָֿעֹק יִצְעַק 'tis that (= indeed), if he cries unto me, I will hear him, Isa 7:9 if ye believe not כִּי לֹא תֵאֵָמנוּ ׃ indeed ye will not be established.
e. there seem also to be other cases in which כִּי, standing alone, has an intensive force, introducing a statement with emphasis, yea, surely, certainly (German ja — a lighter particle than these English words): see in AV RV Exod 18:11; Num 23:23; 1Sam 17:25; 1Sam 20:26; 2Kgs 23:22; Isa 32:13; Isa 60:9; Jer 22:22; Jer 31:19; Hos 6:9; Hos 8:6; Hos 9:12; Hos 10:3; Amos 3:7; Ps 76:11; Ps 77:12 (Ew Che), Prov 30:2 (but not if construed as RVm), Eccl 4:16; Eccl 7:7; Eccl 7:20; Job 28:1 +; Lam 3:22 (ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew Th Öttli) the mercies of ׳י, surely they are not consumed (read probably תַמּוּ or תָֽמְמוּ for תמנו), Ruth 3:12 כִּי אָמְנָם yea, indeed. But it is doubtful whether כִּי has this force in all the passages for which scholars have had recourse to it, and whether in some it is not simply = for. De^{Prov 30:1} would restrict the usage to cases in which a suppressed clause may be understood. feminine that, expressing consecution, especially after a question implying surprise or deprecation: followed by perf., Gen 20:9 what have I sinned against thee כִּי הֵבֵאתָ עָלַי that thou hast brought upon me? 1Sam 22:8; Isa 22:1 what aileth thee, that thou art gone up, etc.? vIsa 22:16; Isa 36:5; Isa 52:5; Mic 4:9; Hab 2:18 followed by participle Judg 14:3; 1Sam 20:1; 1Kgs 18:9 how have I sinned that thou art giving, etc.? 2Kgs 5:7; Ezek 24:19 usually followed by imperfect Exod 3:11 who am I כִּי אֵלֵךְ that I should go, etc.? Exod 16:7; Judg 8:6; Judg 9:28; 2Kgs 8:13; Isa 7:13; Isa 29:16 (also perfect), Ps 8:5 what is man כִּי תִזְכְּרֶנּוּ? Job 3:12 or why the breasts כִּי אִינָָֽק ׃ that I should suck? Job 6:11 מַהכֹּֿחִי כִּי אִַיַחֵל, Job 7:12; Job 7:17; Job 10:5f.; Job 13:25f.; Job 15:12f; Job 15:14; Job 16:3; Job 21:15 +; after a negative, Gen 40:15 here also I have done nothing כִּי שָׂמוּ that they should have placed me in the dungeon, Ps 44:19f. our heart has not turned backward, etc. כִּי דִכִּיתָנוּ that thou shouldst have crushed us, etc., Isa 43:22 not me hast thou called on, כִּי יָגַעְתָּ בִּי that thou shouldst have wearied thyself with me, Hos 1:6 (see RV), Job 41:2; Ruth 1:12 I am too old to have an husband כִּי אָמַרְתִּי that I should have said, etc. (compare Ew^{§ 337 a}; Dr^{§ 39} δ).
g. added to preps. כִּי converts them, like אֲשֶׁר, into conjs. ..., as יַעַן כִּי because that...: see below יַעַן, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, תַּחַת.

2. a. Of time, when, of the past וַיְהִי כִּי Gen 6:1 (compare Bu^{Urg. 6}), Gen 26:8; Gen 27:1; 2Sam 6:13; 2Sam 7:1; 2Sam 19:26 + (כַּאֲשֶׁר and especially כְּ with infinitive, are more frequently); וְהָיָה כִּי (simple וְ) 1Sam 1:12; 1Sam 17:48; Josh 22:7; Judg 2:18; Judg 12:5 והיה כי יאמרו and it would be, whenever (frequently) they said, Jer 44:19 (participle), Hos 11:1; Ps 32:3 כי החרשׁתי when I was silent, Job 31:21; Job 31:26; Job 31:29 of present (usually with imperfect) as Exod 18:16 כִּי יִהְיֶה לָהֶם דָּבָר when they have a matter, 1Sam 24:20; Isa 1:12; Isa 30:21; Jer 14:12; Zech 7:5; Zech 7:6; Mal 1:8; Ps 49:19 and men praise thee כִּי תֵיטִיב לָ֑ךְ when thou doest well to thyself, Ps 102:1; Ps 127:5 +, with perfect Ezek 3:19-21; Ezek 33:9; Prov 11:15; Prov 23:22 especially of future, as Gen 4:12 כִּי תַעֲבֹד אֶתהָֿאֲדָמָה when thou shalt till the ground it shall not, etc., Gen 24:41; Gen 30:33; Gen 31:49; Gen 32:18; Exod 7:9 when Pharaoh shall speak unto you, Deut 4:25; Deut 6:20 +; in phrase (׳תאֹמַר וג) וְכִי תאֹמְרוּ Lev 25:20; Deut 18:21; Isa 8:19; Isa 36:7; Jer 13:22 and especially in ... וְהָיָה כִּי Gen 12:12; Gen 46:33; Deut 6:10; Deut 15:16; 1Sam 10:7; 1Sam 25:30; Isa 8:21; Isa 10:12 + often; with perfect Isa 16:12; 1Chr 17:11 (altered from imperfect 2Sam 7:12); with participle (unusual) Num 33:51; Num 34:2; Deut 11:31; Deut 18:9.
b. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usually represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם: — (mostly with imperfect) Gen 38:16; Num 5:20; Num 10:32; Deut 6:25; Deut 7:17; Deut 28:2; Deut 28:13; 1Sam 20:13; 2Sam 19:8; 2Kgs 4:29; 2Kgs 18:22; Jer 38:15; Prov 4:8; Job 7:13 (כי אמרתי when I say), Job 19:28 often in laws, as Exod 21:14; Exod 21:33; Exod 21:35; Exod 21:37; Exod 22:4; Exod 22:5 etc., Deut 13:13; Deut 14:24; Deut 15:7; Deut 15:12; Deut 17:2; Deut 18:6; Deut 18:21 etc.; sometimes, in particular, to state a principle broadly, after which special cases are introduced by אִם, as Exod 21:2 when (כִּי) thou buyest a Hebrew servant, he shall serve thee six years, after which vExod 21:3-5 follow four special cases with אִם if: so Exod 21:7 (כי), vExod 21:8-11 (אם); vExod 21:18 (כי), vExod 21:19 (אם); vExod 21:20 (כי), vExod 21:21 (אם); vExod 21:22 f; vExod 21:28-32; Lev 1:2 (כי), vLev 1:3 vLev 1:10 (אם) Lev 4:2; Lev 4:3; Lev 4:13; Lev 4:27; Lev 4:32; Lev 13:2ff. Num 30:3ff. +; though this distinction is not uniformly observed, contrast e.g. Exod 21:5 with Deut 15:16; Num 5:19 and vNum 5:20. —

N.B. with כִּי = when or if, the subject is often prefixed for distinctness and emphasis: 1Kgs 8:37 רָעָב ׳כִּייִֿהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ דֶּבֶר כִּי יִהְיֶה וג, Isa 28:18; Mic 5:4 אַשּׁוּר כִּייָֿבאֹ בְאַרְצֵנוּ, Ps 62:11; Ezek 3:19 (וְאַתָּה), Ezek 14:9; Ezek 14:13; Ezek 18:5; Ezek 18:18; Ezek 18:21; Ezek 33:6 (compare vEzek 33:2); and especially in laws of P, as כִּי ֗֗֗ אָדָם Lev 1:2; Lev 13:2, ... נֶפֶשׁ כִּי Lev 2:1; Lev 4:2; Lev 5:1; Lev 5:4; Lev 5:15, similarly Lev 15:2; Lev 15:16; Lev 15:19; Lev 15:25; Lev 22:12; Lev 22:13; Lev 22:14 etc., rather differently Num 5:20.
c. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though: —
(a) with imperfect Jer 4:30 (3 t. in verse); Jer 14:12; Jer 49:16 כִּיתַֿגְבִּיהַּ כַּנֶּשֶׁר קִנֶּ֑ךָ though thou make high like the vulture thy nest, I will bring thee down thence, Jer 51:53; Hos 13:15; Zech 8:6; Ps 37:24; Ps 49:19f. though in his lifetime he bless himself ... he shall come, etc., perhaps also Jer 46:23 Ew (but Hi Gf Ke for), Jer 50:11 Ew Ke (Hi yea); and strengthened by גַּם, גַּם כִּי Isa 1:5; Ps 23:4 (compare Dr^{§ 143});
(b) with perf. (rare) Mic 7:8 כִּי נָפַלְתִּי קָ֑מְתִּי though I have fallen, I rise, Nah 1:10 (si vera 1.), Ps 21:12 (Hi Ew Now), Ps 119:88 (Ew De).

3. Because, since ὅτι —
a. Gen 3:14 because thou hast done this, cursed art thou, etc., vGen 3:17; Gen 18:20; Gen 17:20 the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah — because it is great ... (subject prefixed for emphasis: compare 2

N.B.) Isa 28:15 in answer to a question, Gen 27:20; Exod 1:19; Exod 18:15; 2Sam 19:43 +. Enunciating the conditions under which a future action is conceived as possible (German indem) Lev 22:9; Deut 4:29 כי תדרשׁנו, Deut 12:20 (see Dr), vDeut 12:25 vDeut 12:28; Deut 13:19; Deut 14:24; Deut 16:15; Deut 19:6; Deut 19:9 +, 1Kgs 8:35 (compare v1Kgs 8:33 אֲשֶׁר), v1Kgs 8:36 כִּי תוֺרֵם, Prov 4:8b.
b. more commonly the causal sentence follows, as Gen 2:3 and God blessed the seventh day ׳כִּי בוֺ שָׁבַת וג because on it he rested, etc., Gen 4:25 etc., in which case it may often be rendered for, Gen 2:5; Gen 2:28; Gen 3:20; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:7; Gen 6:12; Gen 6:13; Ps 6:3 heal me כִּי נִבְהֲלוּ עֲצָמָ֑י for my bones are vexed, Ps 10:14; Ps 25:16; Ps 27:10 + very often specifically after verbs expressive of mental emotions, as rejoicing Isa 14:29; Ps 58:11, being angry Gen 31:35; Gen 45:5, fearing Gen 43:18; Ps 49:17 etc. Iron. 1Kgs 18:27 for he is a god etc. (4 t.); Prov 30:4; Job 38:5 כִּי תֵדָ֑ע for or since thou knowest. With subject prefixed Ps 128:2. Repeated (with anacoluthon) Isa 49:19.
c. the causal relation expressed by כִּי is sometimes subtle, especially in poetry, and not apparent without careful study of a passage. Thus sometimes it justifies a statement or description by pointing to a pregnant fact which involves it, as Isa 3:8a Job 6:21 (ground of the comparison vJob 6:15-20), Job 14:16 (For...: ground of the wishes expressed vJob 14:13-15), Job 16:22 (ground of vJob 16:20f.) Job 30:26 (For ...), or by pointing to a general truth which it exemplifies Job 5:6 (reason why complaining vJob 5:2-5 is foolish), Job 15:34; Job 23:14 sometimes it is explicative, justifying a statement by unfolding the particulars which establish or exemplify it 2Sam 5:7; 2Sam 7:8; Isa 9:4; Isa 10:8-11; Isa 13:10 (development of vIsa 13:9a); Isa 32:6 f. (developing the characters of the נָבָל and כִּילַי, and so explaining why they will no longer be esteemed vIsa 32:5); Job 11:16ff. (explicit of vJob 11:15b), Job 18:8 ff. (justifying vJob 18:7), Job 22:26 ff. (justifying vJob 22:25); elsewhere the cause is expressed indirectly or figuratively Isa 2:6 (reason why invitation vIsa 2:5 is needed), Isa 5:10 (sterility of the soil the cause of the desolation vIsa 5:9), Isa 18:5; Isa 28:8 (proof of the intoxication vIsa 28:7), Isa 31:7 (reason for the exhortation vIsa 31:6: the certainty that the folly of idolatry will soon be recognized), Job 7:21 (for soon it will be too late to pardon), Job 27:8-10 (Job wishes his enemy the lot of the wicked, because this is so hopeless); or כִּי relates not to the see which immediately precedes or follows, but to several, as Isa 7:16f. (Isa 7:17 specially the ground of the people being reduced to simple fare vIsa 7:15), Isa 21:6ff. (ground of the statements vIsa 21:1-5), Job 4:5 (ground of vJob 4:2), Job 14:7-12 (Job 14:10-12 specially the ground for the appeal in vJob 14:6), Job 23:10-13 (ground why God cannot be found vJob 23:8f.), Ps 73:21 (ground not of vPs 73:20, but of the general train of thought vPs 73:2); similarly Gen 4:24; Deut 18:14; Jer 30:11 the reason lies not in the words immediately after כִּי, but in the second part of the sentence; or, on the other hand, it may state the reason for a particular word, Isa 28:20 (justifying 'nought but terror' vIsa 28:19), Job 23:17 (God's hostility vJob 23:16 the cause of his misery, not the calamity as such). Sometimes also כִּי, in a poetic orrhetorical style, gives the reason for a thought not expressed but implied, especially the answer to a question; Isa 28:11 (the mockeries of vIsa 28:10 have a meaning) 'for with men of strange lips, etc. he will speak unto this people,' who will retort the mockeries, charged with a new and terrible meaning, upon those who uttered them (Isa 28:13); = (no,) for Isa 28:28 (see RVm), Job 22:2b no, he that is wise is profitable to himself, Job 31:18; Job 39:14 (see vJob 39:13b), Ps 44:24 (he cannot do this, vPs 44:23) for for thy sake are we killed, etc., Ps 130:4 no, with thee is forgiveness; = (yes,) for Isa 49:25 (see the question vIsa 49:24), Isa 66:8.
d. כִּי ֗֗֗ כִּי ἀσυνδέτως sometimes introduce the proximate and ultimate cause respectively, Gen 3:19; Gen 26:7; Gen 43:32; Gen 47:20; Exod 23:33 for [else] thou wilt serve their gods, for it will be a snare to thee, Isa 2:6 (twice in verse); Isa 3:8 (twice in verse); Isa 6:5a, b; Isa 10:22f.; Job 6:3f.; Job 8:8; Job 8:9 (twice in verse); Job 24:17 (twice in verse); Job 29:11f.; sometimes they introduce two co-ordinate causes (where we should insert and), Exod 23:21; Exod 23:22; Isa 6:5b,c I am undone, because I am of unclean lips..., because mine eyes have seen ׳י of hosts, Isa 15:5 (twice in verse); Isa 15:6 (twice in verse); Isa 15:8; Isa 15:9; Zeph 3:8f.; Job 15:25; Job 15:27; Job 20:19f.; Job 31:11f. But כִּי ֗֗֗ וְכִי also occurs, Gen 33:11; Num 5:20 (if), Josh 7:15; Judg 6:30; 1Sam 19:4; 1Sam 22:17; 1Kgs 2:26; Isa 65:16 +.
e. after a negative כִּי for becomes = but (German sondern): Gen 17:15 thou shalt not call her name Sarai, כִּי שָׂרָה שְׁמָהּ for (= but) Sarah shall be her name, Gen 24:3f.; Gen 45:8; Exod 1:19; Exod 16:8 not against us are your murmurings, ׳כי עליֿ for (they are) against ׳י = but against ׳י, Deut 21:17; 1Sam 6:3 (אַל), 1Sam 27:1 (see Dr), 1Kgs 21:17; Isa 10:7; Isa 28:27; Isa 29:23; Isa 30:5; Ps 44:8; Ps 118:17 + often; so in לא כי nay, for = nay, but, as Gen 18:15 לֹא כִּי צָחָֽקְתְּ nay, but thou didst laugh, Gen 19:2; Gen 42:12; Josh 5:14; 1Sam 2:16 MSS ᵐ5 (see Dr), 1Sam 12:12; 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 2:30; 1Kgs 3:22; 1Kgs 11:22; Isa 30:16 nay, but we will flee upon horses.

Note. — כִּי is sometimes of difficult and uncertain interpretation, and in some of the passages quoted a different explanation is tenable. Authorities especially read the Hebrew differently, when the choice is between for and yea. E.g. Isa 8:23 Ges Ew^{§ 330 b} doch (no, but); Hi Di for (taking vIsa 8:22 as RVm); Ch surely: Isa 15:1 Ges Ew Hi Di surely; De for: Isa 39:8 Ges Hi De surely; Di for (explanation of טוֺב): Ezek 11:16 Hi Ke Co surely; Ew Sm because. — In Exod 20:25 the tense of וַתְּחַלֲלֶהָ makes it probably that כֹּי is for (Dr^{§ 153}). Job 22:29 is taken with least violence to usage (גַּאֲוָה) as Hi When they humble thee, and thou sayest (= complainest) Pride! he will save, etc. כִּי אִםֿ (the אִם always followed by makkeph, except Gen 15:4; Num 35:33; Neh 2:2, where כִּיאִֿם is read by the Mass.: Fr^{MM 241}) —

1. each particle retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
a. that if Jer 26:15 after an oath (כִּי not translated: see כִּי 1 c) if 1Sam 14:39; Jer 22:24, surely not (אִם 1 b 2) 2Sam 3:35; 1Sam 25:34 (כִּי being resumptive of the כִּי before לוּלֵי: see כִּי 1 c); Exod 22:22 (in apodosis) indeed if . . . (see כִּי 1 d).
b. for if Exod 8:17; Exod 9:2; Exod 10:4; +, for though Isa 10:22; Jer 37:20; Amos 5:22, but if Jer 7:5.

2. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause —
a. limiting the preceding clause, except (after a negative, or an oath, or question, the equivalent of a negative) — the most usual term for expressing this idea: followed by verb Gen 32:27 I will not let thee go; כִּי אִםבֵּֿרַכְתָּֽנִי literally but (כִּי 3 e) if thou bless me (that is, I will let thee go), i.e., subordinating the second clause to the first, 'I will not let thee go, except thou bless me;' Lev 22:6 he shall not eat of the holy things כִּי אִםרָֿחַץ except he have washed his flesh, Isa 65:6; Amos 3:7; Ruth 3:18; Lam 5:21f. (Ew Näg Ke Che Öttli), turn thou us unto thee, etc., unless thou have utterly rejected us, (and) art very wroth with us (= Or hast thou utterly rejected us? etc. Ew Öttli); followed by a noun, except, but, Gen 28:17 this is nothing ׳כִּי אִםבֵּֿית הָאֱ but the house of God, Gen 32:9 he withholds from me nothing כִּי אִםאֿוֺתָךְ except thee, Lev 21:2; Num 14:30 (after אִם), Num 26:65 (compare Num 32:12 בִּלְתִּי), Josh 14:4; 1Sam 30:17; 1Sam 30:22; 2Sam 12:3 אֵין כֹּל כִּי אִםֿ (so 2Kgs 4:2), 2Kgs 19:29; 1Kgs 17:1 (after אִם), 1Kgs 22:31; 2Kgs 5:15; 2Kgs 9:35; 2Kgs 13:7; Jer 22:17; Jer 44:14 +; after אַל, 2Chr 23:6 followed by an adverb clause, Gen 42:15; Num 35:33; 2Sam 3:13 (but כִּי אִם and לִפְנֵי are mutually exclusive: read probably with ᵐ5 כִּי אִםהֵֿבֵיאתָ); after an interrogative Isa 42:19 who is blind כִּי אִםעַֿבְדִּי but my servant ? (who is blind in comparison with him ?), Deut 10:12; Mic 6:8; Eccl 5:10; 2Chr 2:5.
b. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic (compare אִם 1 c), so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but (= a slightly strengthened כִּי), Gen 15:4 this man shall not be thy heir; ׳כִּי אִםאֲֿשֶׁר וג but one that shall come forth from thy own bowels, he shall be thy heir (compare 1Kgs 8:19), 1Kgs 32:29 thy name shall no more be called Jacob כִּי אִםיִֿשְׂרָאֵל but Israel (compare כִּי alone 1Kgs 17:15), 1Kgs 47:18 we will not hide it from my lord, but the money . . . is all made over to, etc., Exod 12:9 not boiled in water, but roast with fire, Deut 7:5; Deut 12:5; Deut 16:6; Josh 23:8; 1Sam 2:15 he will not take of thee boiled flesh כִּי אִםחָֽֿי׃ but raw, 1Sam 8:19 לֹא כִּי אִםמֶֿלֶךְ יִהְיֶה עָלֵינוּ nay, but a king shall be over us (compare כי alone, 1Sam 10:19; 1Sam 12:12), 1Sam 21:5; 2Sam 5:6; 1Kgs 18:18; 2Kgs 10:23 (פֶּן), Isa 33:21; Isa 55:10; Isa 55:11; Isa 59:2; Jer 3:10; Jer 7:32; Jer 9:23; Jer 16:15; Jer 20:3; Jer 44:10; Ps 1:2; Ps 1:4; Prov 23:17 (אַל) Psalm +; with the principal verb repeated (as Gen 15:4; 1Kgs 8:19), Lev 21:14; Ezek 44:22; Num 10:30; 2Kgs 23:23; Jer 39:12 Kt (Qr omit אִם), compare Jer 7:23. Occasionally in colloquial language, the negative, it seems, is left to be understood: 1Sam 26:10 as ׳י liveth, (by no means,) כִּי אִם but ׳י shall smite him, 2Sam 13:33 Kt (by no means,) but Amnon alone is dead (Qr omits אִם). Followed by imperative Isa 65:18; Ezek 12:23; Jer 39:12; 2Chr 25:8. Sometimes also, though rarely (and not certainly), כִּי אִם appears to have the force of only even without a previous negative: Gen 40:14 כִּי אִםזְֿכַרְתָּנִי אִתְּךָ only have (?) me in remembrance with thyself (but read perhaps אַךְ for כִּי; see Dr^{§ 119} δ n., the use of a bare perfect, without לוּ, or even waw consecutive, to express a wish or command is unexampled), Num 24:22 כִּי אִםֿ יִהְיֶה לְבָעֵר קָֽיִן׃ only, nevertheless, the Kenite shall be for extermination (compare Di), Job 42:8 (De Di) כִּי אִםפָּֿנָיו אֶשָּׂא
c. after an oath כִּי אִם appears to = a strengthened כִּי (compare בִּלְתִּי אִם, אִם ׃עַד אִם 1 c), introducing the fact sworn to (see כִּי 1 c): 2Kgs 5:20 as ׳י liveth, כִּי אִםרַֿצְתִּי surely I will run (perfect of certitude) after him, etc., Jer 51:14 (Ges Hi Gf RV) surley I will fill thee with men (namely, assailants), etc. (but Ew Ke Ch treat the particles as separate (כִּי as כִּי 1 c): though I have filled thee with men —; i.e. increased thy population, — yet shall they — the assailants — lift up the shout against thee), 2Sam 15:21 Kt (Qr omits אִם); after an assever. particle Ruth 3:12 Kt וְעַתָּה כִּי אָמְנָם כִּי אִם גּוֺאֵל אָנֹכִי and now, yea indeed, surely I am thy kinsman (Qr omits אִם); the oath being understood, Judg 15:7 if ye do thus, כִּי אִםנִֿקַּמְתִּי surely (Ges hercle) I will avenge myself, 1Sam 21:6 כִּי אִםאִֿשָּׁה עֲצֻרָה לָנוּ of a truth women have been kept from us, etc., 1Kgs 20:6 surely tomorrow I will send, etc., Prov 23:18 (see De) surely there is a reward; perhaps also Job 42:8.

BDB3996 H3588 H5921 H3651

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as, a peculiar phrase found Gen 18:5; Gen 19:8; Gen 33:10; Gen 38:26; Num 10:31; Num 14:43; Judg 6:22; 2Sam 18:20 Qr (rightly), Jer 29:28; Jer 38:4 — literally for therefore, emphasizing the ground pleonastically (Ew^{§ 353 a} ). The original force of the phrase is traceable in some of the passages in which it occurs, as Gen 18:5 let me fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort your heart; כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן עֲבַרְתֶּם עַל עַבְדְּכֶם for therefore (that is, to partake of such hospitality) are ye come to your servant, Num 14:43 the Amalekite and the Canaanite are there, and ye will fall by the sword, כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן שַׁבְתֶּם for therefore (to encounter such a fate) have ye turned back from ׳י etc.: but in process of time the distinct sense of its component parts was no doubt gradually obscured, and it thus came to be used conventionally, as a mere particle of causation, even where there was no preceding statement to which עַל כֵּן therefore could be explicitly referred. אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן appears to be used similarly (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Job 34:27.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

עַתָּ֫ה₄₃₅ (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Kö^{ii. 260}), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v^b Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr^{§ 141, 142}); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

BDB6202 H3282 H834 H3588

יַעַן₉₆ properly substantive, purpose, intention, but always used as preposition or conjunction, on account of, because (for יַעֲנֶה, of the form יִצְהָר etc., Sta^{§ 259} Kö^{ii. 403}; compare mean, intend): —

1. as preposition, rarely with a substantive, Ezek 5:9 יַעַן תּוֺעֲבוֺתֵיכֶם, Hag 1:9 יַעַן מָה, vHag 1:9 יַעַן בֵּיתִי; with a participle Ezek 36:13 יען אמרים because of men saying to you (but read probablyאָמְרָם, Co Toy Berthol); frequently with infinitive with, 1Kgs 21:20 יַעַן הִתְמַכֶּרְךָ on account of thy having sold thyself, Amos 5:11; Isa 30:12; Isa 37:29 (= 2Kgs 19:28) יַעֵן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אֵלַי, Jer 5:14; Jer 7:13; Jer 23:38; Jer 48:7, and often. (c. 18 t.) in Ezek., as Jer 5:7 (read יַעַן הַמְרֹתְכֶם), Jer 13:8; Jer 13:22; Jer 25:3; Jer 25:6; Jer 25:8; Jer 25:12.

2. As conjunction:
a. יַעַן אֲשֶׁר (32 t.), usually with perfect, as Gen 22:16 יען אשׁר עשׂית זאת because that thou hast done this, Deut 1:36 (Josh 14:14), Judg 2:20; 1Sam 30:22; 1Kgs 3:11; 1Kgs 8:18; Jer 19:4; Jer 25:8; Jer 29:23 (not Isaiah) +; with imperfect (in frequent. sense) Ezek 44:12.
b. יַען כִּי, Num 11:20 ׳יַעַן כִּי מְאַסְתֶּם אֶתיֿ, 1Kgs 13:21; 1Kgs 21:29; Isa 3:16; Isa 7:5; Isa 8:6; Isa 29:13.
c. יַעַן alone (23 t.), with perfect Num 20:12 יַעַן לֹא הֶאֱמַנְתֶּם בִּי, 1Sam 15:23; 1Kgs 14:13; 1Kgs 20:42; 2Kgs 22:19; Hos 8:1; Isa 61:1; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 with imperfect (frequently) Ezek 34:21 of the future Ezek 12:12 because he shall not see, etc., (but ᵐ5 Co Kau Berthol לְמַעַן אשׁר לא יֵרָאֶה לָעַיִן): usually the verb follows immediately, but Ezek. sometimes puts the object first for emphasis, Ezek 5:11 יַעַן אֶתמִֿקְדָּשִׁי טִמֵּאתָ, Ezek 20:16; Ezek 20:24; Ezek 36:6, compare Ezek 34:21.

3. יַעַן וּבְיַעַן, q.d. because and by the cause (that), followed by perhaps, Lev 26:43 (H) יען וביען בְּמִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָ֔סוּ, Ezek 13:10 יַעַן בְּיַעַז followed by infinitive, Ezek 36:3. (In all, reckoning יען (ו)ביען once each, 93 t., of which 20 are in 1-2 Kings, 11 in Jeremiah, 38 in Ezekiel; and only 9 in Genesis—2Samuel.)

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke^{217, 219, 241} S-C^{Pap. C 6, 7} +; lâinnî, however Soc^{Arab. Dial.} see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.

2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

for, that, because, but, when, …

kî

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since

that

yea, indeed

when, if, though (with a concessive force)

אָהַב֙

Root word love, loved, loveth, lovers, friends, …

Dictionary form: אָהַב · aw-HAHB

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: he loved

loveth ×17 loved ×10 love ×8 he loved ×7 i love ×7 to love ×7 thy lovers ×6 and love ×5

More options

love — Most versatile; suits emotional, covenantal, and divine contexts.

cherish — Warmer, tender nuance; good for intimate or familial bonds.

adore — Conveys deep devotion; strong emotional or worshipful register.

be fond of — Lighter affection; fits preferences or less intense attachments.

be devoted to — Emphasizes loyalty; suits covenantal or faithful-love contexts.

delight in — Highlights pleasure or enjoyment; good when desire is implied.

BDB143 H157

אָהֵב₂₁₆ verb love —

Qal Perfect אָהֵ֑ב Gen 27:9 + 7 t; אָשֵהבּ Gen 27:14 אָהַב Gen 37:3 + 3 t.; אֲֵהבָךָ Deut 15:16 3 feminine singular אָֽהֲבָה Song 1:7 +, etc.; Imperfect (הָֿ֑ב) יֶאֱהַב Prov 3:12 +; 1 singular אֵהָ֑ב Prov 8:17 (compare Ew^{§ 192 d} Ges^{«GKC:68»§ 68}. 1); וָָֽאֹהַ֖ב Mal 1:2 וָאֹהֲבֵהוּ Hos 11:1 אֹהֲבֵם Hos 14:5 וָאֹהֲבֵם Ps 119:167 2 masculine plural תְּאֵהֲבוּ Prov 1:22 (compare Kö^{I p. 394} Ges^{«GKC:63»§ 63} R 2); תֶּאֱהָ֑בוּ Zech 8:17 תָּאֱהָבוּן Ps 4:3 Imperative אֱהַבֿ Hos 3:1 אֱהָבֶהָ Prov 4:6 אֶהֱבוּ Ps 31:24; Amos 5:15 אֱהָ֑בוּ Zech 8:19 Infinitive construct אֱהֹב Eccl 3:8 אַהֲבָה Deut 10:12 +; אֲהֲבַת Mic 6:8 + etc.; compare also below
n. אהבה below; Participle אֹהֵב (אוֺהֵב) Deut 10:18 + 26 t.; feminine construct אֲהֻבַת Hos 3:1 is probably active compare Ba^{NB 174 ff}; suffix אֹהֲבִי Isa 41:8 etc.; feminine אֹהֶ֫בֶת Gen 25:28 אֹהַ֫בְתִּי Hos 10:11 etc.; Passive participle אָהוּב Neh 13:26 אֲהוּבָה Deut 21:15 (twice in verse); Deut 21:16. — love (mostly with accusative, followed by לְ + object Lev 19:18; Lev 19:34; 2Chr 19:2 (late), followed by בְּ Eccl 5:9 absolute Eccl 3:8 & see below), (affection both pure & impure, divine & human); —

1. human love to human object; absolute, opposed to hate שָׂנֵא Eccl 3:8 of love to son Gen 22:2; Gen 25:28; Gen 37:3; Gen 37:4; Gen 44:20 (JE) Prov 13:24 so also 2Sam 13:21 ᵐ5 Ew Th We, compare Dr, of David's loving Amnon; never to parent, but mother-in-law Ruth 4:15 of man's love to woman; wife Gen 24:67; Gen 29:20; Gen 29:30 (compare vGen 29:18):32 (JE), also Deut 21:15 (twice in verse); Deut 21:16; Judg 14:16; 1Sam 1:5; 2Chr 11:21; Esth 2:17; Hos 3:1; Eccl 9:9 but also Gen 34:3 (J) Judg 16:4; Judg 16:15; 2Sam 13:1; 2Sam 13:4; 2Sam 13:15 (where of carnal desire) 1Kgs 11:1 compare v1Kgs 11:2; Hos 3:1 רֵעַ ׳א loving a paramour, see Ba^{NB 176}; woman's love to man 1Sam 18:20 (so v1Sam 18:28 ᵑ0, but read וְבִי כָליִֿשְׂרָאֵל אֹהֵב אֹתוֺ ᵐ5 We Dr) Song 1:3; Song 1:4; Song 1:7; Song 3:1; Song 3:2; Song 3:3; Song 3:4 (5 t. subject נַפְשִׁי); compare also figurative of adulterous Judah Jer 2:25; Isa 57:8; Ezek 16:37 of love of slave to master Exod 21:5 (JE) Deut 15:16 inferior to superior 1Sam 18:22 compare v1Sam 18:16 love to neighbour Lev 19:18 (וְאָהַבְתָּ לְרֵעֲךָ כָּמוֺ֑ךָ), partic to stranger Lev 19:34 (both P), Deut 10:18; Deut 10:19 love of friend to friend 1Sam 16:21; 1Sam 18:1; 1Sam 18:3; 1Sam 20:17 (twice in verse); Job 19:19; Prov 17:1 compare 2Sam 19:7 (twice in verse); 2Chr 19:2 see also Prov 9:8; Prov 16:13 compare Prov 15:12 see especially Participle below

2. less often of appetite, object food, Gen 27:7; Gen 27:9; Gen 27:14 (JE); drink Hos 3:1; Prov 21:17 husbandry 2Chr 26:10 compare figurative of Ephraim Hos 10:11 followed by infinitive; length of life Ps 34:13 of cupidity Hos 9:1; 1Sam 1:23; Eccl 5:9 (twice in verse); of love of sleep Prov 20:13 compare figurative of sluggish watchmen (followed by infinitive) Isa 56:10 also with object abstract wisdom (personified), knowledge, righteousness, etc. Prov 4:6; Prov 8:17; Prov 8:21; Prov 12:1; Prov 22:11; Prov 29:3; Amos 5:15; Mic 6:8 (infinitive || infinitives) Zech 8:19, compare Prov 19:8 קֹנֶה לֵב אֹהֵב נַפְשׁוֺ; object folly, evil, etc., Mic 3:2; Mic 4:3; Ps 11:5; Ps 52:5; Ps 52:6; Ps 109:17; Prov 1:22; Prov 8:36; Prov 17:19 (twice in verse), compare Prov 18:21; Zech 8:17, compare כֵּן ׳א Amos 4:5; Jer 5:3, followed by Infinitive Hos 12:8; Jer 14:10, especially of idolatry Hos 4:13 (where strike out הֵבוּ compare Kö^{1. p. 395}) Jer 8:2.

3. love to God Exod 20:6 (JE) elsewhere Hexateuch only Deut 5:10; Deut 6:5; Deut 7:9 + 9 t. Deuteronomy + Josh 22:5; Josh 23:11 also Judg 5:31; 1Kgs 3:3; Neh 1:5; Dan 9:4 especially in (late) Ps 31:24; Ps 116:1; Ps 145:20, but usually followed by name, law, etc. of ׳י Ps 5:12; Ps 26:8; Ps 40:17; Ps 69:37; Ps 70:5; Ps 97:10; Ps 119:47 + 11 t. Ps 119 compare Isa 56:6 compare also of love to Jerusalem Isa 66:10; Ps 122:6.

4. especially Participle אֹהֵב =
(a) lover, Lam 1:2 (figurative of Jerusalem);
(b) friend Hiram of David 1Kgs 5:15, compare Jer 20:4; Jer 20:6; Esth 5:10; Esth 5:14; Esth 6:13; Ps 38:12 (|| רֵעַ) so Ps 88:19, Prov 14:20 also Prov 18:24; Prov 27:6 Abraham of God Isa 41:8; 2Chr 20:7.

5. of divine love
(a) to individual men Deut 4:37; 2Sam 12:24; Prov 3:12; Prov 15:9; Ps 146:8; Neh 13:26
(b) to people Israel, etc. Deut 7:8; Deut 7:13; Deut 23:6; Hos 3:1; Hos 9:15; Hos 11:1; Hos 14:5; 1Kgs 10:9; 2Chr 2:10; 2Chr 9:8; 2Chr 48:14; (3 t. in verse); Ps 47:5 to Jerusalem Ps 78:68; Ps 87:2
(c) to righteousness, etc. Ps 11:7; Ps 33:5; Ps 37:28; Ps 45:8; Ps 99:4; Isa 61:8; Mal 2:11. Niph`al Participle plural הַנֶּאֱהָבִים 2Sam 1:23 lovely, loveable of Saul & Jonath. (|| הַנְּעִימִם). Pi`el Participle plural suffix (בָֿ֑י) מְאַהֲבַי Hos 2:7 + 3 t.; (בָֿ֑יִח) מְאַהֲבַיִח Jer 22:20 + 6 t.; מְאַהֲבֶיהָ Hos 2:9 + 4 t.

1. friends Zech 13:6

2. lovers in figure of adulterous Israel Hos 2:7; Hos 2:9; Hos 2:12; Hos 2:14; Hos 2:15; Ezek 23:5; Ezek 23:9 Judah Jer 22:20; Jer 22:22; Jer 30:14; Lam 1:19; Ezek 16:33; Ezek 16:36; Ezek 16:37; Ezek 23:22.

love, loved, loveth, lovers, friends, …

ʾāhab

to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

to love

(Qal)

human love for another, includes family, and sexual

lover (participle)

to individual men

lovely (participle)

friends

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

אֲבֹתֶ֔י ךָ

אֲבֹתֶ֔י

Root word fathers, father, chief, families, patrimony, …

ךָ

Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)

Dictionary form: אָב · awb

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: thy fathers

his father ×133 of their fathers ×94 his fathers ×86 my father ×80 thy father ×51 of the fathers ×44 the father ×41 their fathers ×30

More options

father — Default choice; direct, natural, widely understood.

ancestor — Prefer when referring to distant forebears or lineage.

forefather — Slightly more formal; good for ancestral or covenantal contexts.

patriarch — Use for tribal or clan heads with religious authority.

family head — Highlights household-leader role in social/legal contexts.

founder — Suits contexts emphasizing originating or establishing a line.

BDB17 H1

אָב₁₁₉₁ noun masculine father (Phoenician אב, Assyrian abu, Arabic , Sabean אב CIS^{iv, 1, 37 1. 2} and others, Ethiopic Aramaic אַבָּא, — absolute אָב Gen 44:19 + 47 t.; construct אַב Gen 17:4; Gen 17:5 (compare in אַבְרָהָם ib. & elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposed אֲבִר see אברהם); אֲבִי (compare Ge^{§§ 90, 3b, 96}) Gen 4:20 +; suffix אָבִי Gen 19:34 + (MI אבי); אָבִיךָ Gen 12:1 +; אָבִיו Gen 2:24 +; אָבִ֫יהוּ Judg 14:10 + 6t.; plural אָבוֺת Exod 12:3 +; construct אֲבוֺת Exod 6:25 + 7 t.; suffix אֲבוֺתַי (אֲבֹתַי, אֲבוֺתָ֑י) Gen 47:9 + 15 t.; אֲבוֺתֵיהֶם 1Chr 4:38 + 32 t. (late); אֲבוֺתָם Exod 4:5 + 106 t. etc.; —

1. father of individual Gen 2:24 (+ אֵם) Gen 11:28; Gen 11:29 (twice in verse); Gen 19:31; Gen 19:32; Gen 19:33, + often (mostly J E D); of father as commanding Gen 50:16 (J) Jer 35:6 f Prov 6:20 (compare Gen 18:19 J Gen 28:1; Gen 28:6 P 1Sam 17:20; 1Kgs 2:1); instructing מוסר Prov 1:8; Prov 4:1 (compare Deut 8:5); specifically as begetter, genitor Prov 23:22; Zech 13:3 (twice in verse) (+ אֵם) Isa 45:10 compare Gen 49:4 (J) Lev 18:7; Lev 18:8; Lev 18:11 (P); rebuking Gen 37:10 loving Gen 37:4; Gen 44:20 (J E; compare Gen 22:2; Gen 25:28; Gen 37:3; 2Sam 14:1); pitying Ps 103:13 (in simile compare 2Sam 18:5); blessing Gen 27:41 (J E compare Gen 27:4 also Gen 28:1 P +); as glad Prov 10:1; Prov 15:20 compare Prov 29:3 grieving Gen 37:35 (J E; compare 2Sam 12:22; 2Sam 19:1; 2Sam 19:2 f) etc. Also as object of honour, obedience, love Exod 20:12 (E) = Deut 5:16; Exod 21:15; Exod 21:17 (E) Deut 21:18; Deut 21:19; Gen 28:7 (P) 1Kgs 19:20 (all + אֵם), 1Kgs 50:1; 1Kgs 50:5 (J) Mal 1:6 etc. Hence metaphor of intimate connection Job 17:14 to corruption I cry, My father art thou (|| אִמִּי וַאֲחֹתִי לָֽרִמָּה).

2. of God as father of his people (see RS^{Sem 42}), who constituted, controls, guides and lovingly watches over it: Deut 32:6; Jer 3:4; Jer 3:19; Jer 31:9; Isa 63:16 (twice in verse); Isa 64:7; Mal 1:6; Mal 2:10 (compare Exod 4:22; Exod 19:4 (JE) Deut 32:11; Hos 11:1); compare Jer 2:27 (of idolatrous Israel) אֹמְרִים לָעֵץ אָבִי אַתָּה וְלָאֶבֶן אַתְּ ילדתני׃; especially God as father of Davidic line 2Sam 7:14; Ps 89:27 f. of needy (late) Ps 68:6 (compare Ps 103:13) (in proper name, f. of individual, compare below)

3. head of household, family or clan; בֵּית אָבִי as abode Gen 38:11 (twice in verse); Lev 22:13 +; = family Gen 24:40 (|| מִשְׁפַּחְתִּי) Gen 41:51; Gen 46:31 + compare Num 18:1; Num 18:2; Josh 2:12; Josh 2:18; Josh 6:25 especially techn. of divisions of Israel בֵּית אָב לְמִשְׁפָּחוֺת Num 3:30; Num 3:35 = a father's house, i.e. a family or clan; more often plural (אבותם, אבותיו) בֵית אָבוֺת = father's houses = families, clans (compare Di on Exod 6:14) Exod 6:14; Exod 12:3; Num 1:2; Num 1:18 ff (often in Numbers) Josh 14:1; Josh 19:51; Josh 21:1 (twice in verse); Josh 22:14 (twice in verse) (always P in Hexateuch); also 1Chr 5:13; 1Chr 5:15 + often in Chronicles; compare רָאשֵׁי אבות הלוים (= ׳בית א ׳ר) Exod 6:25 compare 1Kgs 8:1; 1Chr 6:4; 1Chr 7:11 + often Chronicles Ezra Nehemiah.

4. ancestor (a) of individual; grandfather (instead of precise term) Gen 28:13; Gen 32:10 (J; where used by Jacob of Abraham & then of Isaac); greatgrandfather 1Kgs 15:13 great-greatgrandfather 1Kgs 15:11 etc.; oft plural (= fathers, forefathers) Gen 15:15; Gen 46:34 (JE) 1Kgs 19:4; 1Kgs 21:3; 1Kgs 21:4; 2Kgs 19:12; 2Kgs 20:17 +; particularly שׁכב עם אבותיו 1Kgs 1:21; 1Kgs 2:10; 1Kgs 11:21; 1Kgs 22:40 +; joined with ׳ויקבר עם אב 1Kgs 14:31; 1Kgs 15:24; 1Kgs 22:51; 2Kgs 8:24; 2Kgs 15:38 compare v2Kgs 15:7, 2Kgs 16:20 + (all of kings of Judah); intensive, אֲבֹתֶיךָ וַאֲבוֺת אֲבֹתֶיךָ Exod 10:6 compare Dan 11:24 (b) of people Gen 10:21 (J) Gen 17:4; Gen 17:5 (P) Gen 19:37; Gen 19:38 (J) Gen 36:9; Gen 36:43 (P) Deut 26:5; Isa 51:2; Isa 43:27 (where אביך הראשׁון thy first father, see Che) compare also Ezek 16:3; Ezek 16:45 + often; plural Exod 3:13; Exod 3:15; Exod 3:16 (E) Deut 1:8; Josh 1:6; Judg 2:1; 1Sam 12:6 +; 1Sam 12:15 near the end read וּבְמַלְכְּכֶם ᵐ5 We Dr.

5. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art Gen 4:20; Gen 4:21.

6. figurative of producer, generator Job 38:28 הֲיֵשׁ לַמָּטָר אָ֑ב (|| הוֺלִיד אֶגְלֵיטָֽֿל׃ מִיֿ).

7. figurative of benevolence & protection Job 29:6 אָב אָֽנֹכִי לָֽאֶבְיוֺנִים, compare Job 31:18 of Eliakim Isa 22:21 perhaps also of gracious Messianic king אֲבִי עַד Isa 9:5 everlasting father (Ge Ew De Che Brd Di) — others divider of spoil (Abarb Hi Kn Kue Br^MP).

8. term of respect & honour (Abbas, Pater, Papa, Pope); applied to master 2Kgs 5:13 priest Judg 17:10; Judg 18:19 prophet 2Kgs 2:12 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 6:21; 2Kgs 13:14 (twice in verse); compare 2Kgs 8:9 counsellor Gen 45:8 (E; compare δευτέρου πατρός ᵐ5 add. Esth 3:13 τῷ πατρί 1 Mac Esth 11:32); king 1Sam 24:12 artificer 2Chr 2:12; 2Chr 4:16.

9. specifically, ruler, chief (late) 1Chr 2:24; 1Chr 2:42 (twice in verse); etc. (compare Ew^{§ 273 b}) see also Ew^{Geschichte. i. 524. H i. 365}. On the force of אָב in proper names (in many probably a divine title), see Che^{Ency. Bib., ABI, NAMES WITH} Nö^{ib., NAMES, §§ 44, 45}.

fathers, father, chief, families, patrimony, …

ʾāb

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

father of an individual

grandfather, forefathers (of a person)

וַ יִּבְחַ֥ר

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִּבְחַ֥ר

Root word chosen, choose, chose, choice, out, …

Dictionary form: בָּחַר · baw-HAHR

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: therefore he chose

shall choose ×17 i have chosen ×15 chosen ×13 hath chosen ×13 choose ×7 chose ×5 he shall choose ×5 thou hast chosen ×5

More options

choose — Most direct modern equivalent; broadest applicability.

select — Slightly more formal; implies deliberate, careful picking.

prefer — Use when emphasis is on one option over another.

elect — Suits divine or solemn choosing; more theological register.

appoint — Use when choosing carries a sense of designation to a role.

favor — Best when choosing implies approval or delight in the object.

BDB1005 H977

בָּחַר verb choose (compare Aramaic בְּחַר, Syriac || בחן, Assyrian bêru (√ באר):3 Dl^{Pr 76}) —

Qal Perfect בָּחַר Deut 7:6 + 66 t.; יִבְחַר Isa 41:24 + 60 t.; אֶבֲחַר Job 29:25 (Baer); Imperative בְּחַר Exod 17:9 + 5 t.; Infinitive absolute בָּחוֺר 1Sam 2:28; Isa 7:15; Isa 7:16 Infinitive construct suffix בָּחֳרִי Ezek 20:5 Participle בֹּחֵר 1Sam 20:30; Zech 3:2 passive בָּחוּר Exod 14:7 + 18 t.; —

1. with בְּ
a. divine choice, of Abraham Neh 9:7 Israel Deut 7:7; Isa 44:1; Ezek 20:5 to become his people Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2 Jeshurun Isa 44:2 the seed of the patriarchs Deut 4:37; Deut 10:15 Levites Deut 18:5; Deut 21:5; 1Chr 15:2; 2Chr 29:11 Aaron Ps 105:26 Judah 1Chr 28:4 not Ephraim Ps 78:67 Levi and Judah Jer 33:24 the king Deut 17:15, especially David 1Sam 10:24; 1Sam 16:8; 1Sam 16:9; 1Sam 16:10; 2Sam 6:21; 1Kgs 8:16 (= 2Chr 6:6) 1Chr 28:4; 1Chr 28:5; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 6:5; Ps 78:70 others Num 16:5; Num 17:20 (P) Hag 2:23 place of sacrifice Deut 12:18; Deut 14:25; Deut 16:7; Deut 16:15; Deut 17:8; 2Chr 7:12 the city 1Kgs 8:16; 1Kgs 8:44 (= 2Chr 6:5; 2Chr 6:34) 1Kgs 11:32 Jerusalem 2Chr 6:6; Isa 14:1; Zech 1:17; Zech 2:16; Zech 3:2 Zion Ps 132:13 delusions Isa 66:4.
b. man's choice, of ways Prov 3:31; Isa 66:3 good things Isa 7:15; Isa 7:16 life Deut 30:19 gods Judg 10:14; Isa 41:24 God's pleasure Isa 56:4; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4.

2. with אֲשֶׁר (alone, for ׳אשׁר בחר ב):
a. divine choice, Israel Isa 41:8 יַעֲקֹב אֲשֶׁר בְּחַרְתִּיךָ, Isa 43:10 the people 1Kgs 3:8; Ps 33:12 men Num 16:7 (P) Ps 65:5 king 2Sam 16:18; 1Kgs 11:34 place of sacrifice Deut 12:14; Deut 12:26; Deut 15:20; Deut 17:10; Deut 31:11 (D) Josh 9:27 (P), especially לָשׂוּם שְׁמוֺ שָׁם Deut 12:5; Deut 12:21; Deut 14:24, לְשַׁכֵּן שְׁמוֺ שָׁם Deut 12:11; Deut 14:23; Deut 16:2; Deut 16:6; Deut 16:11; Neh 1:9 the city 1Kgs 8:48 (= 2Chr 6:38), לשׂום שׁמי שׁם 1Kgs 11:36; 1Kgs 14:21 (= 2Chr 12:13); Jerusalem 1Kgs 11:13; 2Kgs 21:7 (= 2Chr 33:7) 2Kgs 23:27 fast Isa 58:5; Isa 58:6 way Ps 25:12.
b. man's choice, place to dwell in Deut 23:7 gardens Isa 1:29 king 1Sam 12:13 wives Gen 6:2 (J); what to do 2Sam 15:15.

3. with accusative & לְ, choose some one or something for:
a. divine choice, of Levi 1Sam 2:28 Jacob Ps 135:4; Ps 135:5 inheritance Ps 47:5.
b. human choice persons Exod 17:9; Josh 24:15; Josh 24:22 (E) 1Sam 8:18; 1Sam 13:12; 2Sam 24:12 (= 1Chr 21:20); things Gen 13:11 (J) 1Sam 17:40; 1Kgs 18:23; 1Kgs 18:25; Job 34:4.

4. with accusative and מִן, choose, select from 2Sam 10:9 (= 1Chr 19:10).

5. accusative
a. divine choice, temple 2Chr 7:16 Judah Ps 78:68 servant Isa 41:9; Isa 49:7.
b. man's choice, persons Exod 18:28 (E) Judg 5:8; Josh 8:3 (J) 2Sam 17:1 things Job 7:15; Job 9:14; Job 15:5; Job 29:25; Job 34:33; Ps 119:30; Ps 119:173; Prov 1:29; Isa 40:20.

6. with עַל, כי על זה בחרת מעני for this thou hast chosen rather than affliction Job 36:21 with accusative and על pregnantly כל אשׁר תבחר עלי all that thou choosest (to lay) upon me 2Sam 19:39.

7. with לְ of accusative 1Sam 20:30 (many MSS. have בְּ; but ᵐ5 We Dr read חָבֵר companion). The participle בָּחוּר chosen, of a ruler Ps 89:20, warrior Jer 49:19 (= Jer 50:44); as cedars Song 5:15 collective רכב בחור chosen chariots Exod 14:7 (E); אישׁ בחור chosen men, warriors Judg 20:15; Judg 20:16; Judg 20:34; 1Sam 24:3; 2Chr 13:3; 2Chr 13:17, for which בָּחוּר alone 1Kgs 12:21 = 2Chr 11:1; 2Chr 25:5 בחורי ישׂראל 1Sam 26:2; Ps 78:31; 2Sam 10:9 בחורי בישׂראל (|| 1Chr 19:10 בחור בישׂראל, doubtless the true reading, as 2Sam 6:1).

8. test, try (Aramaic = בחן) בְּחַרְתִּיךָ בְּכוּר עֹ֑נִי Isa 48:10 I have tested thee in the furnace of affliction ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ges Hi Ew De Che Dr, but chosen ᵑ9 Rab Calv AV. Niph`al נִבְחַר Jer 8:3 Participle נִבְחָר Prov 8:10 + 5 t.; — to be chosen.
a. absolute chosen, choice Prov 8:10; Prov 8:19; Prov 10:20.
b. construct מִן, וְנִבְחַר מות מחיים death will be chosen rather than life Jer 8:3 choicer than Prov 16:16; Prov 22:1 נבחר ליהוה מזבח choicer (more acceptable) to Yahweh than peace-offering Prov 21:3. Pu`al יְבֻחַר chosen, selected Eccl 9:4 (יְחֻבַּר Qr).

chosen, choose, chose, choice, out, …

bāḥar

properly, to try, i.e., (by implication) select

to choose, elect, decide for

(Qal) to choose

בְּ זַרְע ֖וֹ

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

זַרְע

Root word seed, carnally, child, fruitful, seeds, …

֖וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: זֶרַע · dzeh-RA

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: their seed

seed ×35 thy seed ×24 the seed ×21 his seed ×10 and his seed ×7 of the seed ×7 of thy seed ×7 and thy seed ×6

More options

seed — Best for agricultural or botanical contexts.

offspring — Best for human lineage or descendant contexts.

descendants — Plural collective; ideal for covenant or genealogical passages.

posterity — Slightly formal; emphasizes future generations as a whole.

lineage — Highlights family line or heritage rather than individuals.

semen — Use only in explicit reproductive or purity-law contexts.

BDB2464 H2233

זֶ֫רַע noun masculine^{Deut 28:38} sowing, seed, offspring (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic זְרַע, ; Phoenician זרע; Zinjirli id.; Arabic seed-produce, seed; Ethiopic Assyrian zêru, cultivated land, Belser^{BAS ii. 130,} compare Arabic ) — absolute ׳ז Gen 47:23 =; זָ֑רַע Gen 1:29 +; construct זֶרַע Isa 5:10 +; זְרַעֿ Num 11:7 suffix זַרְעִי 1Sam 20:42; 1Sam 24:22 זַרְעֲךָ Deut 11:10 +; זַרְעֶ֑ךָ Eccl 11:6 +; etc.; plural suffix זַרְעֵיכֶם 1Sam 8:15 —

1. literal:
a. a sowing הַשָּׂדֶה ׳לְז Gen 47:24 (J; + אָכְלְכֶם; otherwise Lev 27:16 b, see below 2 c); ׳לֹא מְקוֺם ז Num 20:5 no place for sowing (J E; + וּתְאֵנָה וְגֶפֶן וְרִמּוֺן); compare ׳שְׂדֵה ז Ezek 17:5 a field suitable for sowing; hence
b. sowing as regularly recurring at its season Gen 8:22 (J; || קָצִיר, + קֹר וָחֹם וְקַיִץ וָחֹרֶף וְיוֺם וָלַיְלָה), Lev 26:5 (H; || דַּיִשׁ, בָּצִיר; — compare Amos 9:13 below 2 a).

2. seed:
a. literally, sown, to raise crops for food, usually corn (wheat, barely, etc.) Gen 47:19; Gen 47:23 (J; compare vGen 47:14f.), Num 24:7 (JE); נָתַן לַֹזּרֵעַ ׳ז Isa 55:10 (|| לֶחֶם), Deut 28:38 (רַב ׳ז), Lev 26:16 (H; with זָרַע), Lev 27:16 a, חֹמֶר שְׂעֹרִים ׳ז vLev 27:16b (both P), compare Isa 5:10.
b. figurative, of idolatry of Judah Isa 17:11 (|| קציר); of fortunes of Zion ׳מֶשֶׁךְ הַזּ Ps 126:6 the dropping of seed, i.e. the proper quantity for sowing (opposed to אֲלֻמֹּת); Jer 35:7 (with זָרַע, || כֶּרֶם לֹא תִטָּ֔עוּ), compare vJer 35:9 (|| כרם, שׂדה); ׳מְטַר ז Isa 30:23 (with זָרַע, || לֶחֶם תְּבוּאַתּ הָאֲדָמָה); also Deut 11:10 (with זָרַע), Eccl 11:6 (c. id.); זֵרוּעַ ׳ז Lev 11:37, compare vLev 11:38 (both P); as yielding the crop תְּבוּאַת זַרְעֶ֑ךָ Deut 14:22 the product of thy seed, compare
d. below; ׳וְנִגַּשׁ תוֺרֵשׁ בַּקּוֺצֵר וְדֹרֵךְ עֲנָבִים בְּמשֵׁךְ הַזּ Amos 9:13, in figure of rapid and plentiful growth in the coming time; הָאָרֶץ ׳ז producing a vine Ezek 17:5, of growth and prosperity of Israel; ׳הַזּ Mal 2:3, read perhaps הַזְּרֹעַ (compare VB).
c. seed as product; the manna is compare with גַּד ׳ז, coriander seed Num 11:7 (JE), Exod 16:31 (P); seed of herbs and trees Gen 1:11 (twice in verse); Gen 1:12 (twice in verse); Gen 1:29 (twice in verse) (all P). Especially
d. seed as corn-product, corn-crop, so (although not quite clearly) Deut 22:9 (with זָרַע; || תְּבוּאַת הַכָּ֑רֶם); plural 1Sam 8:15 (perhaps better arable lands, compare above As zêru; || כרמים), הָאָרֶץ ׳ז Lev 27:30 (|| פְּרִיעֵֿץ; otherwise Gen 47:24, compare above 1 a); שִׁחֹר ׳ז Isa 23:3 (|| קְצִיר יְאוֺר); בַּמְּגוּרָה ׳הַעוֺד הַזּ Hag 2:19 (|| גֶּפֶן, תְּאֵנָה, רִמּוֺן, עֵץ הַזַּיִת); יָשִׁו֯ב זַרְעֶ֑ךָ וְגָרְנְךָ יֶאֱסֹף Job 39:12 (of harvest); so perhaps ׳כְּבֵית סָאתַיִם ז 1Kgs 18:32.
e. זֶרַע הַשָּׁלוֺם הַגֶּפֶן Zech 8:12, read perhaps שׁלוֺם ׳הַזּ the crop is security (= secure), so ᵑ6 Or and others; > Ew Hi and others who translate ׳הַשּׁ ׳ז the growth of peace, making הַגֶּפֶּן appositive — Verbs used with ׳ז in these senses are: — usually זַרַע Gen 1:11; Lev 26:16; Jer 35:7 +; הִפְרִיחַ Isa 17:11 נָתַן בְּ = plant, sow Ezek 17:5 נָתַן yield Isa 55:10 מָשַׁךְ Amos 9:13.

3. seed = semen virile, וְנִזְרְעָה זָ֑רַע Num 5:28, and she shall be made pregnant with seed; usually ׳שִׁכְּבַתזֿ, flow of semen Lev 22:4 (H), Lev 15:16; Lev 15:32 (P; all with תֵּצֵא), Lev 15:17 (P; with הָיָה); as accusative modi שׁכב ׳ז ׳אתאִֿשָּׁה שׁ Lev 19:20 (H), Lev 15:18; Num 5:13 (both P); so also נתן שְׁכָבְתּוֺ לְזרע Lev 18:20 (לְ genitives); compare בְּהֵמָה ׳אָדָם וז ׳ז Jer 31:27 (as 2nd accusative after זָרַע q. v. 3 b).

4. seed = off spring:
a. rarely of animals, collective Gen 3:15; Gen 7:3 (both J). Usu.
b. of mankind, coll. = descendants, posterity; seed of the woman Gen 3:15 (J); seed of the patriarchs (especially Abraham) Gen 12:17; Gen 13:15; Gen 13:16 (twice in verse); Gen 16:10; Gen 22:17 (twice in verse); Gen 22:18; Gen 24:7; Gen 26:3; Gen 26:4 (3 t. in verse); Gen 26:24; Gen 28:13; Gen 28:14 (twice in verse); Gen 32:13 (all J), Gen 15:13; Gen 15:18; Exod 32:13 (twice in verse); Exod 33:1 (all J E), Gen 21:12; Josh 24:3 (both E; in both promised seed of Abraham restricted to line of Isaac), Deut 11:9; Deut 34:4; Neh 9:8 = a son as involving posterity Gen 15:3; Gen 15:5 (JE) compare below; phrase זַרְעָם אַחֲרֵיהֶם Deut 1:8, compare Deut 4:37; Deut 10:15, so P, Gen 17:7 (twice in verse); Gen 17:8; Gen 17:9; Gen 17:10; Gen 17:19; Gen 35:12; Gen 48:4 זִרְעֲךָ אִתָּךְ Gen 28:4 (P; compare Num 18:19); see also below c. c. seed (= posterity) of other individuals Gen 21:13 (E; of Ishmael) Gen 24:60; Gen 48:19 (both J), Num 14:24 (JE), Lev 21:21; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:4 (all H), Num 17:5 (P), 1Sam 20:42 (twice in verse); 1Sam 24:22; 2Sam 4:8; 1Kgs 2:33 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 11:39; 2Kgs 5:27; Jer 29:32; Ezek 43:19; Job 5:25 (|| צֶאֱצָאֶיךָ), Job 21:8 (|| id.); especially of seed of David as anointed to reign Ps 18:51 = 2Sam 22:51 (|| לִמְשִׁיחוֺ), as sitting on throne Jer 33:21, compare vJer 33:22 vJer 33:26, Ps 89:5; Ps 89:30; Ps 89:37 of Jehoiachin Jer 22:28; Jer 22:30, Jehoiakim Jer 36:31 (compare vJer 36:30); of child (son) as involving posterity Gen 38:8; Gen 38:9 (twice in verse) (of Er's seed by Onam); Gen 48:11 (all J), compare Gen 19:32; Gen 19:31 (J), 2Sam 7:12; Ruth 4:12; Lev 21:15 (H); phrase זַרְעָם אַחֲרֵיהֶם of seed of Noah and his sons Gen 9:9 of Aaron Exod 28:43 of Phinehas Num 25:13 (all P); of David 1Chr 17:11 לְזַרְעוֺ לְדֹרֹתָם Exod 30:21 (P), compare Lev 21:17 (H; both of Aaron), see also b above ׳ז, of seed of righteous, especially Psalms: — Ps 25:13; Ps 37:25; Ps 37:26; Ps 69:37; Ps 102:29 (|| בָּנִים), Ps 112:2 (|| דּוֺר ישׁרים), compare Ps 22:31 (on text see Che); of wicked Ps 21:11; Ps 37:28.
d. specifically of a particular child (son) אַחֵר ׳ז Gen 4:25 (J); אֲנָשִׁים ׳ז 1Sam 1:11 of children Lev 18:21; Lev 20:2; Lev 20:34; Lev 22:13 (all H), 1Sam 2:20 (compare בָּנִים, בָּנוֺת1Sam 2:21); children and grandchildren Gen 46:6; Gen 46:7 (P).
e. family Gen 17:12 (P; compare Assyrian zêr bit abišu Asrb^{Annals iii. 10}); note especially of royal family הַמֶּלֶךְ ׳ז 1Kgs 11:14 הַמַּמְלָכָה ׳ז 2Kgs 11:1 = 2Chr 22:10 הַמְּלוּכָה ׳ז 2Kgs 25:25 = Jer 41:1; Ezek 17:13; Dan 1:3 = pedigree בית אבותם וְזַרְעָם Ezra 2:59 = Neh 7:61 = one's nation, as of same blood Esth 10:3 (|| עַם). — Some verbs used with ׳ז in these senses are: — נָתַן, God subject Gen 15:3; Ruth 4:12 (followed by מִן of woman); שִׂים 1Sam 2:20 with man as subject נתן Gen 38:9 הֵקִים vGen 38:8 ׳חִיָּה ז, keep alive, or give life to, of animals Gen 7:3 of woman Gen 19:32; Gen 19:34 (followed by מִן of man). feminine especially as name for people of Israel, seed of Abraham Isa 41:8; 2Chr 20:7 (|| עַמְּךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל), Jer 33:26; Ps 105:6 (|| בְּנֵי יעקִב); of Israel or Jacob 2Kgs 17:20; Neh 9:2 (|| בני ישׂראל vNeh 9:1), Isa 43:5; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:25; Jer 31:36; Jer 31:37; Jer 33:26; Ps 22:24 (twice in verse); 1Chr 16:13 (|| בני יעקב); so בֵּית ישׂראל ׳ז Jer 23:8; Ezek 44:22 (ᵑ6 ᵐ5 Manuscripts Co strike out בית); בית ׳ז יעקב Ezek 20:5 in Esther. הַיְהוּדִים ׳ז Esth 6:13 so of Edom (seed of Esau) Jer 49:10, compare מִוֶּרע מָדַי Dan 9:1.
g. seed of Israel (or Jacob, or the people), is used also, by (later) prophets, of future generations, in addressing the people: — Deut 28:46; Deut 28:59; Deut 30:6; Deut 30:19; Deut 31:21, compare Num 18:19 (P; לְזַרְעֲךָ אִתָּ֑ךְ, || וּלְבָנֶיךָ וְלִבְנוֺתֶיךָ), Jer 30:10 = Jer 46:27 (Jacob and Israel here = people), Ps 106:27 || צֶאֱצָא(יך ׅ Isa 44:3 (Jacob and Jeshurun), Isa 48:19, compare Isa 61:9 also Jer 7:15; Isa 54:3; Isa 66:22 (|| שִׁמְכֶם); מִפִּי זַרְעֲךָ וּמִפִּי זֶרַע זַרְעֲךָ Isa 59:21 of Jews (יהודים) Esth 9:27; Esth 9:28; Esth 9:31.

5. seed as marked by moral quality = persons (or community) of such a quality; transition to this through such cases as those of ׳בְּרוּכֵי י ׳ז Isa 65:23 (|| צֶאֱצָאִים), compare Isa 61:9; Isa 65:9 הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳ז Ezra 9:2 (of Israel), compare Isa 53:10 note, in good sense צַדִּיקִים ׳ז Prov 11:21 (opposed to רַע); אֱמֶת ׳ז Jer 2:21 (|| שׂוֺרֵק); אלהים ׳ז Mal 2:15 — קֹדֶשׁ ׳ז Isa 6:13 is a gloss; — in bad sense מְרֵעִים ׳ז Isa 1:4 community of evil-doers (|| גּוֺיחֹֿטֵא, עַם כֶּבֶד עָוֺן, בָּנִים מַשְׁחִיתִים), Isa 14:20 מְנָאֵף ׳ז Isa 57:3 (|| בני עֹנֲנָה); שָֿׁ֑קֶר׳ז vIsa 57:4 (|| יִלְדֵיפֶֿשַׁע).

BDB9500 H2232 H2233 H2234

זְרַע noun [masculine] seed (compare Biblical Hebrew I. זרע); — construct אֲנָשָׁא ׳ז Dan 2:43 seed (offspring) of men.

seed, carnally, child, fruitful, seeds, …

zeraʿ

seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity

seed, sowing, offspring

a sowing

a practitioner of righteousness (figuratively)

אַֽחֲרָ֑י ו

אַֽחֲרָ֑י

Preposition after, behind, afterward, following, followed, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: אַחַר · ah-HAHR

Preposition

In the KJV here: after

after ×313 and after ×47 and afterward ×28 behind ×25 after that ×23 from following ×21 after him ×15 after them ×14

More options

after — Most versatile; suits temporal and sequential contexts.

behind — Prefer for spatial/positional contexts.

following — Good for pursuit or discipleship contexts.

afterward — Purely temporal; signals what comes next in narrative.

since — Use when marking a causal or temporal starting point.

from then on — Emphasizes ongoing continuation after a turning point.

BDB336 H310

אַחַר properly substantive the hinder or following part (compare the plural)

1. adverb a. of place, behind, twice Gen 22:13 (many MSS. ⅏ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Ol Ew read אֶחָד see Di) Ps 68:26.
b. of time, afterwards Gen 10:18; Gen 18:5; Gen 24:55; Gen 30:21; Judg 19:5 +; וְאַחַר in laws of P, as Lev 14:8; Lev 14:19; Lev 15:28; Lev 22:7; Num 5:26 and elsewhere

2. preposition a. of place, behind, after Exod 3:1; Exod 11:5; 2Kgs 11:6; Song 2:9; Isa 57:8: הָלַח אַחַר to go after, follow Gen 37:17; 2Kgs 13:2; 2Kgs 23:3; Isa 65:2; Ezek 13:3; Job 31:7 חָיָה אַחַר 1Sam 12:14 מֵאַחַר from after 2Sam 7:8; Ps 78:71; Isa 59:13.
b. of time, after Gen 9:28; Lev 25:15 al; הָאֵלֶּה אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים after these things Gen 15:1; Gen 22:1; Gen 39:7; Gen 40:1; 1Kgs 17:17; 1Kgs 21:1; Ezra 7:1; Esth 2:1; Esth 3:1 אַחַר כֵּן Lev 14:36; Deut 21:13; 1Sam 10:5 אַחַר זֶה (late) 2Chr 32:9 followed by infinitive Num 6:19; Jer 40:1; 1Chr 2:24; Job 21:3 עַד אַחַר till after Neh 13:19.
c. Neh 5:15 strangely: Ew RV besides; but text probably corrupt, see Be Ry.

3. conjunction אַחַר אֲשֶׁר after that Ezek 40:1 and without אשׁר Lev 14:43; Jer 41:16; Job 42:7. As preposition & conjunction the plural אַחֲרֵי is much more frequently, which in any case must be used before suffixes. Plural only construct אַחֲרֵי with suffix אַחֲרַי, אַחֲרֶיךָ, etc.

1. substantive hinder part 2Sam 2:23 בְּאַחֲרֵי הַחֲנִית with the hinder end of the spear.

2. preposition a. of place, behind, after Gen 18:10 וְהוּא אַחֲרָיו and it behind him Deut 11:30; Judg 5:14; 1Sam 14:13; 1Sam 21:10; Hos 5:8 אַחֲרֶיךָ Behind thee! (sc. Look or The foe is); with a verbas הִבִּיט to look Gen 19:17; 1Sam 24:9, הֵנִיעַ ראֹשׁ to shake the head 2Kgs 19:21 ( = Isa 37:22), especially verbs expressing or implying motion, as בָּא to enter in (see Dr 2Sam 20:14) בִּעֵר, דָּבֵק, דָּלַק, הָיָה, הָלַח, מִלֵּא, פָּנָה, רָדַף, הִשְׁלִיח (see these words).
b. of time, after Gen 9:9 זַרְעֲכֶם אַחֲרֵיכֶם your seed after you; similarly Gen 17:7-10; Gen 17:19; Gen 35:12; Gen 48:4; Exod 28:43; Num 25:13 all P (also Deut 1:8; Deut 4:37; Deut 10:15; 1Sam 24:22; 2Sam 7:12 ||), & with בָּנָיו Gen 18:19 J ( + בֵּיתוֺ) Exod 29:29 P Lev 25:46 H Deut 4:40; Deut 12:25; Deut 12:28; Jer 32:18; Jer 32:39; 1Chr 28:8; Prov 20:7, דּוֺרוֺתֵינוּ Josh 22:27, בֵּיתוֺ Job 21:21; Exod 10:14; Judg 10:3 etc.; with infinitive Gen 5:4 אַחֲרֵי הוֺלִידֹוֺ after his begetting Sheth, Gen 13:14; Gen 14:17; Gen 18:12; Gen 25:11 + often; אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן afterwards Gen 6:4 (אחרי כן אשׁר = afterwards, when, compare 2Chr 35:20) Gen 15:14; Gen 23:18; Gen 25:26; Gen 32:21; Gen 41:31; Gen 45:15 etc.; ויהי אחריכֿן as a formula of transition chiefly in 2 Samuel (2Sam 2:1; 2Sam 8:1 || 2Sam 10:1 || 2Sam 13:1; 2Sam 21:18 ||) compare 1Sam 24:6; Judg 16:4; 2Kgs 6:24; 2Chr 20:1; 2Chr 24:4 ; in late Hebrew אַחֲרֵי זֹאת Job 42:16; Ezra 9:10; 2Chr 21:18 ( + כָּלֿ 2Chr 35:20 (do.); compare Aramaic אַחֲרֵי דְנָה Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45, and בָּאתַר דְּנָה Dan 7:6; Dan 7:7. — The local (metaphor) and temporal senses blend Ps 49:14 וְאַחֲרֵיהֶם בְּפִיהֶם יִרְצוּ & after them (i.e. following, imitating them) men applaud their speech, compare Job 21:33.

3. conjunction אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר after that, with the finite verb Deut 24:4; Josh 7:8; Josh 9:16; Josh 23:1; Josh 24:20 +; without אשׁר Lev 25:48; 1Sam 5:9 . (The most common construction of אחרי is as a preposition with the infinitive construct) Josh 2:7 אַחֲרֵי כַּאֲשֶׁר יָצְאוּ must be an error, either for אחרי אשׁר or for כאשׁר alone (notice אחריהם twice in the same verse); 2Sam 24:10 read אַחֲרֵי סָפַר see Dr.

4. with other prepositions: —
a. מֵאַחֲרֵי₅₇, 1Chr 17:7 מִןאַֿחֲרֵי (|| 2Sam 7:8 מֵאַחַר); (α) from behind Gen 19:26; 2Sam 2:23 from after i.e. from following after, usually with שׁוּב or סוּר 1Sam 24:2; 2Sam 2:22; 2Sam 2:26; 2Sam 2:30; 2Sam 11:15; Josh 22:16; Josh 22:18; Josh 22:23; Josh 22:29; 1Sam 15:11 +; with other verbs of motion, as עָלָה 1Sam 14:46; 2Sam 20:2, נַעֲלָה 2Sam 2:27, לָקַח Amos 7:15; 1Chr 17:7, זָנָה Hos 1:2 pregnantly Isa 30:21 thy ears shall hear a word מֵאַחֲרֶיךָ coming from behind thee, Jer 9:21 (that is נָפַל, see v^a) 1Sam 13:7 ᵐ5^L We Dr חָֽרְדוּ מֵאַחֲרָיו (β) denoting position (מן = off, on the side of; see מן behind Exod 14:19 (twice in verse); Josh 8:2; Josh 8:4; Josh 8:14; 1Kgs 10:19; Neh 4:7 (מֵאַחֲרֵי לְ) 2Chr 13:13 b, (γ) of time (rare) Deut 29:21; Eccl 10:14 מֵאַחֲרֵי כֵן 2Sam 3:28; 2Sam 15:1; 2Chr 32:23.
b. אֶלאַֿחֲרֵי 2Sam 5:23; 2Kgs 9:18 סֹב אֶלאַֿחֲרַי v2Kgs 9:19; Zech 6:6.
c. עַלאַֿחֲרֵי Ezek 41:15 beside, at the back of.

BDB337 H310

אַחֲרַי adjective Prov 28:23 (si vera lectio)

BDB3524 H310 H3186

(ו)ייחר Kt 2Sam 20:5 (Qr וַיּ֫וֺחֶר) see אחר above and Dr^sm.

BDB9289 H311 H310 H870

[אחר] plural with אַחֲרֵי, preposition after (Cappadocian and Egyptian Aramaic אחר afterwards (Lzb^{Eph.i. 361} S-C^{pap C 8}), probably Nabataean אחר after (Lzb²¹² SAC¹⁶); Egyptian Aramaic אחריכם (S-C^{Pap. c 8}+); ᵑ7 (sometimes) אֲחוֺרֵי; Biblical Hebrew אַחַר); — אַחֲרֵי דְנָה after this Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45 with suffix אַחֲרֵיהֹן Dan 7:24. Usu. Aramaic synonym בָּאתַר, q. v.

after, behind, afterward, following, followed, …

ʾaḥar

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time)

as an adverb

behind (of place)

behind, after (of place)

hinder part

from behind

וַ יּוֹצִֽאֲ ךָ֧

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יּוֹצִֽאֲ

Root word out, forth, brought, came, bring, …

ךָ֧

Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)

Dictionary form: יָצָא · yaw-TSAW

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: them and brought thee out

went out ×70 and went out ×32 came out ×32 go out ×28 go forth ×25 went forth ×23 came forth ×16 come out ×15

More options

go out — Broadest, most natural modern equivalent; prefer for motion.

come out — Use when movement is toward the speaker or reader.

go forth — Slightly formal; suits proclamations, commissions, or marching.

depart — Emphasizes leaving a place; good for journeys or exits.

emerge — Highlights appearance from concealment or enclosure.

issue forth — Best for liquid, breath, speech, or abstract things flowing out.

BDB3658 H3318

יָצָא₁₀₆₈ verb go or come out (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic יְעָא; Ethiopic , Assyrian âƒû Dl^{HWB 237, all} = go out, forth; Syriac go forth (in sense of germinate), grow; Phoenician יצא march out; compare SI⁵ המוצא the source (of water); Sabean וצַא go out, DHM in MV; Arabic is be or become fair, beautiful, neat, clean, compare Nö^{ZMG 1886, 725}) — Perfect יָצָא Gen 10:11 + 92 t.; 3 feminine singular יָָֽצְאָה Num 16:35 + 13 t.; יָצָ֑אָה Isa 28:29 2 masculine singular יָצָאתָ Gen 24:5 + 7 t.; 2 feminine singular וְיָצָאת Jer 31:4 2 masculine plural יְצָאתֶם Exod 13:3; Deut 11:10 וִיצָאתֶם Judg 21:21; Mal 3:20 3 plural suffix יְצָאֻנִי Jer 10:20, etc.; Imperfect יֵצֵא Gen 15:4 + 64 t.; וַיֵּצֵא Gen 4:16 + 132 t.; 3 feminine singular תֵּצֵא Exod 21:7 + 22 t.; וַתֵּצֵא Gen 30:16 + 14 t.; 2 masculine singular תֵּצֵא Deut 20:1 + 16 t.; 3 plural יֵצְאוּ Gen 15:14 +; יֵצֵ֑אוּ Gen 17:6 +; 3 feminine plural וַתֵּצֶ֫אנָה 1Sam 18:6; 2Kgs 2:24 וַתֵּצֶאןָ Exod 15:20 2 feminine plural תֵּצֶ֫אנָה Amos 4:3, etc.; Imperative צֵא Gen 8:16 + 15 t.; וָצֵ֑אָה Judg 9:29 feminine singular צְאִי Song 1:8 masculine plural Gen 19:14 + 11 t.; צֵ֑אוּ Isa 49:9; Ezek 9:7 + Jer 58:8 Qr (Kt יֵצֵ֑אוּ) צְאֶינָה Song 3:11 Infinitive absolute יָצוֺא Gen 8:7 + 2 t.; יָצאֹ Gen 27:30 + 3 t.; Infinitive construct צֵאת Gen 24:11 + 31 t.; suffix צֵאתִי Exod 9:29 + 3 t.; צֵאתֵנוּ Josh 9:12 צֵאתְךָ Deut 16:3 + 10 t., etc.; Participle (יוֺצֵא) יֹצֵא Gen 2:10 + 62 t.; feminine singular שֶׁיֹּצָא Eccl 10:5 ) יֹצֵאת׳(יו Gen 24:15 + 11 t.; יֹצֵת Deut 28:37, etc.; —

1. go or come out or forth:
a. from (מִן) a place, e.g. a tent Gen 31:33 (E; opposed to בּוֺא בְ), מִפֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֺעֵד Lev 8:33; Lev 10:7 (P), compare מִןהַֿמִּקְדָּשׁ Lev 21:22 (H); from a house 2Sam 11:8, the doors (דלתי) of a house Josh 2:19 (JE), Judg 11:31 מִפֶתח ביתו Exod 12:22 (JE), from a camp 1Sam 13:17; 2Kgs 7:12, a city Gen 19:14 (J), Gen 12:4 (P), 1Kgs 11:29; 1Kgs 20:17; Mic 4:10, a cave 1Sam 24:9, the ark Gen 9:18 (J), Gen 8:16; Gen 8:19 (both P); out of vineyards Judg 21:21 followed by accusative אֶתהָֿעִיר Gen 44:4 (E), Exod 9:29 (J); with בְּ also, of gate Jer 17:19; Neh 2:13 followed by accusative local. לֹא אֵצֵא פָ֑תַח Job 31:34 participle construct יֹצְאֵי הֵַתּבָה Gen 9:10 (P), יֹצְאֵי שַׁעַר עִירוֺ Gen 34:24 (P); absolute Josh 2:5 (JE), Judg 3:24; Exod 34:34 (P), Num 33:3 (P; Israel going out [from Egypt]), 2 h Num 26:20 +; specify., of going out (מִן) from a land (of emigration) Gen 10:11; Gen 10:14; Gen 24:5 (all J); patric. of coming forth from (the land of) Egypt (the Exodus) Exod 12:41 (J), Exod 13:3; Exod 13:8; Exod 23:15; Exod 34:18; Num 11:20; Num 22:5 (all J E), and especially D, Deut 4:45; Deut 4:46; Deut 9:7; Deut 11:10; Deut 16:3 (twice in verse); Deut 16:6; Deut 23:5; Deut 24:9; Deut 25:17; Josh 2:10; Josh 5:4; Josh 5:5; Josh 5:6 (all D), Num 33:1 (P), 1Kgs 6:1; 1Kgs 8:9 = 2Chr 5:10; 2Kgs 21:15; Jer 7:25; Hag 2:5; Ps 114:1. b go forth from (the presence of) a person: Exod 8:26; Exod 9:33; Exod 10:6 (all followed by מֵעִם), Gen 44:28; Exod 5:20; Jer 2:37 (מֵאֵת), Judg 3:19 (מֵעָלָיו); followed by מִלִּפְנֵי Gen 4:16 (J), Gen 41:46; Gen 47:10; Esth 8:15; Eccl 10:5 followed by מֵעִם פְּנֵי Job 1:12, מֵאֵת פְּנֵי Job 2:7 followed by suffix יְצָאֻנִי Jer 10:20 (see De Eccl 7:18).
c. in technical senses: absolute go forth, of emancipation Exod 21:2; Exod 21:3 (twice in verse); Exod 21:4; Exod 21:5; Exod 21:7 (3 t. in verse); Exod 21:11 (all J E), compare יצא מִתַּחַת יַדאֲֿרָם 2Kgs 13:5 of release in the year of jubilee, land, etc. Lev 25:28; Lev 25:30; Lev 25:31; Lev 25:33 (all H), Lev 27:21 (P); also of a debtor-slave Lev 25:54 (H); suffix divorce וְיָָֽצְאָה מִבֵּיתוֺ Deut 24:2 of condemnation בְּהִשָּֽׁפְטוֺ יֵצֵא רָשָׁע Ps 109:7 when he is judged let him go out as a criminal, i.e. be condemned: of bowels (מֵעִים) falling out by reason of disease 2Chr 21:15; 2Chr 21:19.
d. of flight, involving escape: followed by הַחוּ֫צָה, || נוּס, flee Gen 39:12; Gen 39:15 (J), כִּי נָצאֹ תֵצֵא Jer 48:9 opposed to taken (by lot) 1Sam 14:41 רָעָה אֲשֶׁר לֹאיֿוּכְלוּ לָצֵאת מִמֶּ֑נָּה Jer 11:11 calamity from which they shall not be able to escape; perhaps also יְרֵא אֱלֹהִים יֵצֵא אֶתכֻּֿלָּם Eccl 7:18 he that feareth God shall escape (or be freed from, see De Hi-Now Mishna) all of them (see VB), — on accusative with יצא see De.
e. depart בְּצֵאת נַפְשָׁהּ Gen 35:18 i.e. when she was expiring; so תֵּצֵא רוּחוֺ Ps 146:4 בְּצֵאת הַיַּיִן מִנָּבָל 1Sam 25:27 i.e. when Nabal became sober; also figurative וַיֵּצֵא לִבָּם Gen 42:28 (E) i.e. their heart failed (|| וַיֶּחֶרְדוּ); rust from (מִן) caldron Ezek 24:16 (see Co Ezek 12:5); of glory of ׳י Ezek 10:18 וַיֵּצֵא מִן בַּתצִֿיּוֺן כָּלהֲֿדָרָהּ Lam 1:6 hence infinitive = exit, end בְּצֵאת הַשָּׁנָה Exod 23:16 (JE), and, refundantly, כְּעֵת צֵאת הַקֵּץ לְיָמִים שְׁנַיִם 2Chr 21:19 i.e. at the end of two years feminine of inanimate things: river out of Eden Gen 2:10 (J), water out of rock Exod 17:6 (E), Num 20:11 (JE), from Lehi Judg 15:19 of molten calf out of fire Exod 32:24(E); of gold (after refining) Job 23:10 (absolute, in simile); in prophecy of fountain from house of ׳י Ezek 47:1; Ezek 47:8; Ezek 47:12; Zech 14:8; Joel 4:18 of seed (semen virile) from man Lev 15:16; Lev 15:32 (P), Lev 22:4 (H); of weapon which has pierced body 2Sam 2:23 (מֵאַחֲרָיו), 2Kgs 9:24 (מִלִּבּוֺ), Job 20:25 (מִגֵּוַה); וַתֵּצֵא אַחֲרָיו מַשְׂאַת הַמֶּלֶךְ 2Sam 11:8 and there went out ( = was sent out) after him the king's portion (i.e. the food given by the king); idiomatically of expenditure of money 2Kgs 12:13 (absolute, compare Hiph`il v.2Kgs 12:12); of swift movement of arrow from bow Zech 9:14 (like lightning), of lightning out of fire Ezek 1:13 absolute of sunrise (subject שֶׁמֶשׁ) Judg 5:31 (in simile), Gen 19:23, compare Isa 13:10 (so Assyrian, e.g. ultu ƒît šanši adi êrib šanši COT Gen 19:23); of rising of stars (כּוֺכָבִים) Neh 4:15 of sentence of judge Hab 1:4 (twice in verse); Ps 17:2 of judgment, or right appearing (with simile of light) Hos 6:5 (read וּמִשְׁפָּטִי כָאוֺר יֵצֵא), Isa 62:1 of a lot וַיֵּצֵא הַנּוֺרָל לִבְנֵי יוֺסֵף Josh 16:1 (JE), and especially P, Num 33:54; Josh 19:1; Josh 19:17; Josh 19:24; Josh 19:32; Josh 19:40; Josh 21:4, compare also ויצא גְּבוּל גּוֺרָלָם Josh 18:11 (P)
g. with especial emphasis on idea of origin, source: hyssop out of the wall 1Kgs 5:13 מיהוה יצא הדבר Gen 24:50 (J) from ׳י has the thing proceeded, of a providential arrangement, so ׳מֵעִם י Isa 28:29 מֵרְשָׁעִים יֵצֵא רֶשַׁע 1Sam 24:14 (an ancient proverb); of pollution proceeding from (מֵאֵת) prophets Jer 23:15 of fire from Heshbon Num 21:28 (JE), Jer 48:45, compare Judg 9:15; Judg 9:20 (twice in verse); of fire ׳מִלִּפְנֵי י Lev 9:24; Lev 10:2, ׳מֵאֵת י Num 16:35 (all P); in theophany יצא רֶשֶׁף לְרַגְליו Hab 3:5 iniquity from unreceptive heart Ps 73:7 (see I. הֵלֶב 1); wrath ׳מִלִּפְנֵי י Num 17:11 (P); absolute Jer 4:4 = Jer 21:12; Jer 23:19 = Jer 30:23 so salvation Isa 51:5 וְנִשְׁמַתמִֿי יָָֽצְאָה מִמֶּךָּ Job 26:4 of words going forth from mouth of speaker (of solemn or formal speech) מִפִּיכֶם דָּבָר לֹא יֵצֵא Josh 6:10 (JE), Judg 11:26; 1Sam 2:3; Jer 44:17; Job 37:2; Esth 7:8, also Num 30:3; Num 32:24 (both P); of ׳י's words going forth from his mouth, or from him Isa 45:23; Isa 48:3; Isa 51:4; Isa 55:11; Ezek 33:30 of ׳י's words, instruction, command, etc., going froth Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2 (from Jerusalem), Dan 9:23 of human commandment Esth 1:19, compare vEsth 1:17.
h. of children as going forth from loins (of father) מִמֵּעִים 2Sam 7:12; 2Sam 16:11 מֵחֲלָצִים Gen 35:11 (P), 1Kgs 8:19 = 2Chr 6:9 followed by מִן alone 2Kgs 20:18 = Isa 39:7 also יֹצְאֵי יְרֵכוֺ Judg 8:30; Gen 46:26; Exod 1:5 (both P); also of birth מֵרֶחֶם (אִמּוֺ) Num 12:12 (JE), Jer 1:5; Jer 20:18; Job 3:11 figurative of sea Job 38:9 of ice vJob 38:29 מִבֶּטֶן אִמּוֺ Job 1:21; Eccl 5:14 literal, source not expressed, Gen 25:25; Gen 25:26; Gen 38:28; Gen 38:29; Gen 38:30 (all J); of untimely birth Exod 21:22 (JE); compare היּוֺצֵ֯ת מִבֵּין רַגְלֶיהָ Deut 28:57 (|| תֵּלֵד); of family or race connection (followed by מִן) Nah 1:11; Isa 48:1; 1Chr 1:12; 1Chr 2:53 יצא also of produce of vine (מִגֶּפֶן) Judg 13:14, compare הַיֹּצֵא הַשָּׂדֶה Deut 14:22 (read יצא ⅏, see Di); אֶרֶץ מִמֶּנָּה יצא לֶחֶם Job 28:5 of viper proceeding from serpent's root Isa 14:29 further, with idea of unfolding, growth Job 8:16; Job 14:2; Job 31:40 וְיָצָא חֹטֶר מִגֶּזַע יִשָׁ֑י Isa 11:1 of the little horn Dan 8:9 so of branches of candlestick in tabernacle Exod 25:32; Exod 25:33; Exod 25:35; Exod 37:18; Exod 37:19; Exod 37:21 (all P); then simply project (tower from wall) Neh 3:25; Neh 3:26; Neh 3:27 of measuring-line going forth (absolute) in a particular direction Jer 31:39 of a boundary (-line) going out (absolute) so as then to turn and make an angle Num 34:4; Num 34:9; Josh 15:3; Josh 15:4; Josh 15:9; Josh 15:11 (twice in verse); Josh 16:2; Josh 16:6; Josh 16:7; Josh 18:15 (twice in verse); Josh 18:17 (twice in verse); Josh 19:12; Josh 19:13; Josh 19:27; Josh 19:34; Josh 19:47.

2. a. go forth to a place Gen 27:3 (J), Jer 14:18; Ezek 3:22; Zech 6:6 (twice in verse); Zech 6:7 +; so וַיֵּצֵא הַפַּרְשְׁדֹ֫נָה Judg 3:22 (see VB); go forth in surrender 1Sam 11:3 (followed by אֶל person) 2Kgs 18:31 = Isa 36:16; Jer 38:17; Jer 38:21 אֵין פֶּרֶץ וְאֵין יוֺצֵאת Ps 144:14 into captivity לֹא יָָֽצְאוּ אִתְּכֶם בַּגּוֺלָה Jer 29:16, compare Jer 48:7; Zech 14:2 also יָצָא מִןהַֿמָּקוֺם הַזֶּה Jer 22:11, compare בָּנַי יְצָאֻנִי Jer 10:20.
b. go forward proceed to or toward something, figurative, מֵרָעָה אֶלֿ רָעָה יָצָ֑אוּ Jer 9:2 from evil to evil they go on; in like manner 2Sam 20:8 si vera lectio, but read rather וְהִיא יָָֽצְאָה and it (i.e. the sword) came out (of the sheath) and fell ᵐ5 We Dr Kit Bu.
c. come or go forth, with especially reference to purpose or result: וְיָצָאתִי אַחֲרָיו וְהִכִּתִיו 1Sam 17:35, compare 1Sam 24:15 יָצָא שָׁאוּל לְבַקֵּשׁ נַפְשׁוֺ 1Sam 23:15, compare 1Sam 26:20, further 2Sam 2:13; 2Sam 18:4; 1Kgs 20:18 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 20:19; 1Kgs 20:39; 2Kgs 5:2; Mic 1:11; Jer 37:5; Zech 14:3; Dan 11:11; Dan 11:44 +; of an adulteress Prov 7:15 of an angel Num 22:32 (JE), Dan 9:22 for יֵצֵא ֗֗֗ אִתְּכֶם 1Sam 22:3 (let my father etc.go forth [to be] with you, compare Klo) read perhaps יֵשְׁבוּ as ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Kit, see also Dr; of army marching out to form battle line יֹצֵא אֶלהַֿמַּעֲרָכָה 1Sam 17:20 (with article, ᵑ0, < omitted by We Dr Kit Bu); בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר יָָֽצְאוּ Judg 2:15 in all to which they went forth, יָצָא לפני 1Sam 8:20 of king going out at the head of his soldiers; so of ׳י before his people Judg 4:14; 2Sam 5:24; Ps 68:8, compare Ps 108:12; 1Chr 14:15 of ׳י going out from Seir Judg 5:14, compare Hab 3:13 of the hand of ׳י, in hostility ׳יָָֽצְאָה בִי יַדיֿ Ruth 1:13 absolute of fire breaking out Exod 22:5 (JE).

3. of combinations, note esp.: יָצוֺא וָשׁוֺב (infinitive absolute) Gen 8:7 going out and returning, nearly = to and fro; אִישׁ יוֺצֵא ֗֗֗ יֹצֵא יָצוֺא וּמְקַלֵּל 2Sam 16:5 = coming forth, cursing as he came; יצא ובא, literal אֵין יוֺצֵא וְאֵין בָּא Josh 6:1 none went out and none came in, i.e. there was no free egress or ingress (of besieged city), compare 1Kgs 15:17 = 2Chr 16:1; 2Chr 15:5 to go out and come in before, of leader in war Num 27:17; 1Sam 18:16, compare 1Sam 29:6 figurative Deut 28:6 blessed shalt thou be בבואך ובצאתך, i.e. when thou completest and beginnest any undertaking, so vDeut 28:19; Deut 31:2 לא אוכל לצאת ולבוא, i.e. I can no more engage in active undertakings; similarly Josh 14:11; 1Kgs 3:7; Isa 37:28 ( + שִׁבְתְּךָ) = 2Kgs 19:27; Ps 121:8. Hiph`il₂₇₈ Perfect הוֺצִיא Gen 14:18 +; וְהוֺצִא consecutive Deut 22:14 הוֺצֵאתָ Exod 32:11 + 7 t.; וְהוֺצֵאתָ֫ Num 20:8 + 3 t.; 2 feminine singular וְהוֺצֵאת 1Kgs 17:13 suffix הוֺצִיאַ֫נִי Ezek 42:15 הוֺצִיאָ֫נוּ Exod 13:14 + 2 t.; הוֺצִיאֲךָ Deut 6:12; Deut 16:1, הוֺצִאֲךָ Exod 13:9; Deut 7:19 הוֺצִיאָם Exod 32:12 + 2 t., etc.; Imperfect (יֹצִא) יוֺצִיא Lev 16:27 + 9 t.; (וַיּצֵא) וַיּוֺצֵא Gen 15:5 + 23 t.; (וַיֹּצִא) וַיּוֺצִא Deut 4:20 + 4 t.; suffix יוֺצִיאֵנִי Mic 7:9 וַיּוֺצִאֲךָ Deut 4:37; Deut 5:15 וַיּוֺצִאָהּ Exod 4:6; Exod 4:7 3 feminine singular תּוֺצִיא Isa 61:11; Hag 1:11 jussive תּוֺצֵא Gen 1:24 וַתּוֺצֵא vGen 1:12; Ruth 2:18 2 masculine singular תּוֺצִיא Exod 12:46 + 5 t.; חֲתֹצִיא Job 38:32 וַתֹּצֵא Jer 32:21 (וַיֹּצִאוּ) וַיּוֺצִיאוּ Lev 24:23 +; suffix וַיּוֺצִיאֻהוּ 2Kgs 12:12 וַיֹּצִאֻהוּ Gen 19:16 וַיֹּצִיאֻהוּ 1Kgs 21:13 יוֺצִיאוּם 1Chr 9:28, etc.; Imperative הוֺצֵא Gen 19:12 + 5 t. + Gen 8:17 Kt (Qr הַיְצֵא); הוֺצִיא Isa 43:8 הוֺצִ֫יאָה Ps 142:8 suffix הוֺצִיאֵנִי Ps 25:17; 1Kgs 22:34, etc.; Infinitive construct הוֺצִיא Exod 6:13 +; suffix (הוֺצִאִי) הוֺצִיאִי Exod 16:32 +; לְהוֺצִאֵהוּ Jer 39:14, anomalous (Kö^{i. 642}), etc.; Participle מוֺצִיא Exod 6:7 + 11 t.; מוֺצֵא Ps 135:7 suffix מוֺצִיאִי 2Sam 22:49, מוֺצִיאֲךָ Deut 8:14; Deut 13:11, etc.; —

1. cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out:
a. a person from a place, + מִן local, out of prison, etc. Gen 40:14 (E), Jer 20:3; Jer 52:31 (not || 2Kgs 25:27); so with the servant of ׳י subject Isa 42:7 out of house Josh 6:22 (JE), a city Gen 19:12 (J), Ezek 14:22 (so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Co VB; ᵑ0 Hoph`al); of ׳י bringing people of Jerusalem out of city to deliver them to enemy Ezek 11:7 (ᵑ0 (one) shall bring, but read 1 singular, see VB), vEzek 11:9 from a land Jer 26:33 especially of Moses bringing Israelites out of Egypt Exod 3:10; Exod 3:11; Exod 3:12 (E), Exod 14:11 (J); of Moses and Aaron Exod 6:13; Exod 6:26; Exod 6:27 (P); of ׳י bringing Israelites out of (מִן) Egypt Exod 18:1; Exod 20:2; Josh 24:6 (all E), Exod 13:3; Exod 13:9; Exod 13:14; Exod 13:16; Exod 32:11; Num 20:16; Num 23:22; Num 24:8 (all J E), Deut 1:27; Deut 4:20; Deut 4:37; Deut 5:6; Deut 5:15; Deut 6:12; Deut 6:21; Deut 6:23; Deut 8:14; Deut 9:12; Deut 9:26; Deut 9:28; Deut 13:6; Deut 13:11; Deut 16:1; Deut 26:8 (all D), Lev 19:36; Lev 22:33; Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:44; Lev 25:55; Lev 26:13; Lev 26:45 (all H), Exod 6:6; Exod 6:7 (מִתַּחַת סִבְלֹת מצרים), Exod 7:4; Exod 7:5; Exod 12:17; Exod 12:42; Exod 12:51; Exod 16:6; Exod 16:32; Exod 29:46; Num 15:41 (all P), Judg 2:12; Judg 6:8; 1Sam 12:8; 1Kgs 8:16 = 2Chr 6:5; 1Kgs 8:21; 1Kgs 8:51; 1Kgs 8:53; 1Kgs 9:9; Jer 7:22; Jer 11:4; Jer 31:32; Jer 32:21; Jer 34:13; Ezek 20:6; Ezek 20:10, compare vEzek 20:9 (strike out Co), 2Chr 7:22; Ps 136:11; Dan 9:15 absolute, same sense, Josh 24:5 (E), Deut 7:8; Deut 7:19; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ps 105:37; Ps 105:43 of ׳י bringing Israelites out of exile (followed by מִן) Ezek 20:34; Ezek 20:41; Ezek 34:13 object rebels (out of, מִן, land) Ezek 20:38 of charioteer bringing Ahab out of battle 1Kgs 22:34 = 2Chr 18:33 of Joseph's bringing out his sons from between Jacob's knees Gen 48:12 (E).
b. of bringing from a place for a particular purpose (human subject) Exod 19:17 (מִן); also (point of departure not expressed, and purpose sometimes only implied) Gen 38:24 (J), Josh 2:3; Josh 6:23 (twice in verse); Judg 6:30; 2Sam 12:31 = 1Chr 20:3; 2Kgs 11:12 = 2Chr 23:11; 2Chr 23:14; Isa 43:8 ׳י subject, of bringing Israelites out of Egypt to slay them Exod 32:16 (JE), Deut 9:28; Deut 9:29 object Gog Ezek 38:4 subject ׳יַד י Ezek 37:1.
c. lead out as an army 2Sam 10:16 = 1Chr 19:16, so of ׳י Isa 43:17 hence with הֵבִיא, of a ruler's function to lead people out and in 2Sam 5:2 = 1Chr 11:2; Num 27:17 (P).
d. הוֺצִיא מֵרֶחֶם of God's agency in birth Job 10:18.
e. = remove (from a person's presence) הוֺצִיאוּ כָלאִֿישׁ מֵעָלָ֑י Gen 45:1; 2Sam 13:9 without || מעל v2Sam 13:18. feminine of putting away wives and children Ezra 10:3; Ezra 10:19 (opposed to הוֺשִׁיב vEzra 10:2, compare יצאה מביתו Deut 24:2).
g. bring out person unto (אֶל) a place (human subject) Josh 10:22; Josh 10:23 (JE), Deut 17:5; Deut 22:21; Deut 22:24 (all D), Lev 24:14; Lev 24:23 (H), Num 15:36 (P; all אֶלמִֿחוּץ), 1Kgs 21:10; 1Kgs 21:13 (מִחוּץ of motion to), 2Kgs 11:15 = 2Chr 23:14 לְהוֺצִאֵהוּ אֶלהַֿבָּ֑יִת Jer 39:14 subject angels in form of men Gen 19:16; Gen 19:17 (J), Ezek 42:1; Ezek 42:15; Ezek 46:21; Ezek 47:2 also Gen 15:5 (J E; ׳י subject); for a specific purpose Exod 16:3 (P).
h. unto a person Gen 43:23 (J), with purpose expressed or implied Hos 9:13; Gen 19:5; Gen 19:8 (J), Judg 19:22; Judg 19:24; Josh 10:24 (JE), Jer 38:23; Ezra 8:7 (with על) Kt (but read Qr אֲצַוֶּה).
i. unto a place and a person Josh 10:22; Josh 10:23 (JE), Deut 21:19; Judg 19:25.

2. figurative, object persons, bring out of (מִן) distress, etc. Ps 25:17; Ps 68:7; Ps 107:14; Ps 107:28; Ps 142:8; Ps 143:11 deliver from enemies 2Sam 22:49 (but || Ps 18:49 מְפַלְּטִי); one's feet out of net Ps 25:15; Ps 31:5 bring out into a large place 2Sam 22:20 = Ps 18:20, compare Ps 66:12.

3. bring out animals: horses out of Egypt 1Kgs 10:29 = 2Chr 1:17 (but read Qal יֵצְאוּ ᵐ5 Klo Kmp in Kau^AT), 2Chr 1:17; 2Chr 9:28 animals (from ark, no מן) Gen 8:17 (P);for sacrifice, to a place Num 19:3.

4. inanimate object:
a. carry or bring out (with and without מִן)Exod 12:39 (E) Amos 6:10; 2Sam 12:30 = 1Chr 20:2; 2Kgs 10:26; 2Kgs 23:4; 2Kgs 23:6; 2Kgs 24:13; 1Chr 9:28; 2Chr 29:5; 2Chr 29:16 (twice in verse); 2Chr 34:14; Jer 8:1; Jer 17:22; Jer 50:25 (subject ׳י), Ezek 12:4; Ezek 12:7 (in vEzek 12:5 vEzek 12:6 vEzek 12:7b. vEzek 12:12 read Qal, compare vEzek 12:4b, so Co), also Ezek 24:6 (Co Ezek 24:10); object הָאֶבֶן הָראֹשָׁה Zech 4:7; Lev 26:10 (H), Ezra 1:7 (twice in verse); Ezra 1:8.
b. take or draw out (from one's person or luggage) Gen 24:53 (J); draw out hand from one's bosom Exod 4:6; Exod 4:7 (J), compare Ruth 2:18 (food from one's cupboard).
c. = draw חַרְבִּי מִתַּעְרָ֑הּ Ezek 21:8; Ezek 21:10 (subject ׳י).
d. bring outto a place Deut 28:38; Lev 4:12; Lev 4:21; Lev 6:4; Lev 14:45; Lev 16:27; Ezek 46:20, compare Deut 14:28.
e. bring out to (or for) a person Gen 14:18; Judg 6:19 compare vJudg 6:18, 1Kgs 17:13; 2Kgs 10:22 (twice in verse). feminine bring out from (מִן) a place to people Num 17:24 (P).
g. bring out in payment, pay (money, tribute, etc.) 2Kgs 12:12; 2Kgs 15:20 (עַל = in behalf of: or put it forth, imposed it, on Israel).
h. bring forth (= cause to rise or appear) the heavenly bodies Isa 40:26; Job 38:32 see also וְתַעֲלֻמָה יֹצִא אוֺר Job 28:11 and hidden things he (the miner) bringeth forth tolight.
i. bring forth by miracle: Moses. water out of rock Num 20:8; Num 20:10 (JE); ׳י id. Deut 8:15; Neh 9:15; Ps 78:16.
j. = produce, generate, bring into being: of magicians trying to produce lice Exod 8:14 (P); a smith producing weapon Isa 54:16 see the threefold הוציא Prov 30:33 (3 t. in verse); of ׳י causing לֶחֶם to proceed out of (מִן) earth Ps 104:14 elsewhere of earth as producing Gen 1:12; Gen 1:24 (both P), Isa 61:11; Hag 1:11 of Aaron's rod bringing forth blossoms Num 17:28 (P).
k. bring forth words (out of mouth, etc.), i.e. speak Job 8:10; Job 15:3; Prov 10:18; Prov 29:11; Neh 6:19; Isa 48:20 (|| הגיד, השׁמיע); absolute Eccl 5:1 of publishing a report עָלֶיהָ שֵׁם רָ֑ע ׳הו Deut 22:14 (|| שָׂם לָהּ עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים) compare vDeut 22:19 דִּבַּת הָאָרֶץ ( רָעָהׅ ׳הו Num 13:32; Num 14:37 so Num 14:36 (דִּבָּה עַלהָֿאָרֶץ).

5. figurative, subject ׳י, bring forth from (מִן) Bel's mouth what he has swallowed Jer 5:44 wind, out of treasuries Jer 10:13; Jer 51:16; Ps 135:7 fire, out of Tyre Ezek 28:18 curse, over the land Zech 5:4 of Jeremiah, מִזּוֺלֵל אִם תּוֺצִיא יָקָר Jer 15:19 if thou bring forth the precious from (Gie without) the base, i.e. if thou free that which is pure in thee from base admixture (Gf; Gie if thou produce the noble without the base); bring forth, i.e. exhibit, righteousness (nnocence Che) Ps 37:6; Jer 51:10 (compare Qal 1 f end); וַיֹּצֵא לָאוֺר צַלְמָוֶת Job 12:22, compare Mic 7:9 subject servant of ׳י of publishing מִשְׁפָּט (i.e. religion) to the world Isa 42:1; Isa 42:3. Hoph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular הוּצָ֑אָה Ezek 38:8 (strike out Co); Participle feminine singular מוּצֵאת Gen 38:25 masculine plural מוּצָאִים Gen 14:22; Gen 47:8 (but see below); feminine plural מוּצָאוֺת Jer 38:22 — be brought forth Gen 38:25 (J; of Tamar); of women as captives Jer 38:22 remnant out of Jerusalem Ezek 14:22 ᵑ0 (but read Hiph`il, see above); exiles, from among the peoples Ezek 38:8 (omitted by ᵑ6 Co); of waters, אֶלהַֿיָּ֫מָּה הַמּוּצָאִים Ezek 47:8 which are caused to flow into the sea (but ᵑ6 Co אֶלהַֿמַּיִם הַחֲמוּאִים into the sour (bitter, salt) waters, see Field VB).

BDB9947 H3319 H3318

שׁיציא Kt, שֵׁיצִי Qr verb bring out (to an end), finish (probably Shaph`el as loan-word from Assyrian šû-ƒû, û-še-ƒû, bring out, √ aƒû (וצא, Biblical Hebrew יצא, = Aramaic יְעָא, compare Nö^{GGA 1884, 1019}), Dl^l.c. Hpt^l.c. K^l.c.; ᵑ7 שֵׁיצִי complete, put an end to, also come to an end, passive be finished, Christian-Palestinian Aramaic Schulth^{Lex. 205}); — finish temple: Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Ezra 6:15, but read probably 3 masculine plural שֵׁיצִיו K^{§ 43, 1 near the end} Berthol Gu^Hpt (so ᵐ5 ᵑ9); > Perfect passive BeRy.

out, forth, brought, came, bring, …

yāṣāʾ

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

to go out, come out, exit, go forth

(Qal)

to go or come out or forth, depart

to cause to go or come out, bring out, lead out

בְּ פָנָ֛י ו

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

פָנָ֛י

Root word before, face, presence, because, faces, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: פָּנִים · paw-NEEM

Noun — Common, both plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: in his sight

before ×796 the face ×55 from before ×53 his face ×53 because ×49 my face ×48 thy face ×39 before him ×38

More options

face — Most direct rendering; prefer for literal, physical contexts.

presence — Ideal for divine or royal encounter contexts.

countenance — Slightly elevated; suits emotional or expressive descriptions.

surface — Use for physical objects, land, or water (e.g. 'surface of the deep').

in front of — Best for spatial or positional prepositional phrases.

because of — Use when פָּנִים heads a causal prepositional phrase.

BDB4446 H3942 H6440

לִפְנָָֽי 1Kgs 6:17 see below [ פָּנֶה], פָּנִים.

BDB6680 H6440 H3942

[פָּנֶה], plural פָּנִים₂₁₂₃ noun masculine^{Prov 25:23} and (Ezekiel = Prov 21:21 = edge; on 2Sam 10:9 see below) feminine face, also faces (as turned toward one); — plural absolute פָּנִים Gen 32:31 +; construct פְּנֵי 2Sam 14:32 +; suffix 1 singular פָּנַי Gen 43:3 +; 3 masculine singular פָּנָיו Gen 4:5 +, פָּנֵי֑מוֺ Ps 11:7 (Kö^ll.1.446); 2 masculine pluralפְּנֵיכֶם Gen 40:7 +, etc.; — usually with verb plural, Gen 4:5; Gen 4:6; Exod 33:14 +; with verb singular Lam 4:16 (through influence of intervening ׳י, Ges^{«GKC:146a»§ 146a}), Prov 15:14 (but read פִּי, as Qr, see פֶּה); —

I. 1. face, faces (Jer 30:6; Ezek 27:35 +, compare Ezek 1:6; Ezek 10:14; Ezek 10:21 etc.):
a. literally, of man Gen 43:31; 2Sam 19:5; 1Kgs 19:13; Lev 13:14; Dan 8:18; Dan 10:9; Dan 10:15 +; ׳עוֺר פ Exod 35:29; Exod 35:30; Exod 35:35 pale (from alarm) Isa 29:22; Jer 30:6, flushed Isa 13:8; Ezek 21:3, compare Nah 2:11; Joel 2:6 tearful Isa 25:8; Job 16:16 sad, רעים ׳פ Gen 40:7, compare Neh 2:2; Neh 2:3, also ׳רֹעַ פ Eccl 7:8 i.e. sadness; ׳יֵּיטִב פ Prov 15:13 maketh glad the face; נָָֽפְלוּ פָנֶיךָ, Gen 4:5; Gen 4:6 why is the face fallen (in displeasure), compare 1Sam 1:18 (reading נָָֽפְלָה, נָָֽפְ לוּ, or הִפִּילָה); covered with shame Ezek 7:18, whence figurative of confusion, discomfiture Jer 51:51; Ps 69:8; Ps 83:17, etc.
b. of ׳י Exod 33:20, compare vExod 33:23.
c. פָּנִים אֶלפָּֿנִים face to face, of seeing (God) Gen 32:31, compare Judg 6:22, knowing Deut 34:10, judging Ezek 20:35, speaking Exod 33:11, and so ׳בְּפ ׳פ Deut 5:4 נִתְרֶאֶה פָנִים 2Kgs 14:8 see each other (in the) face = meet each other in battle, compare v2Kgs 14:11 = 2Chr 25:17; 2Chr 25:21.
d. of relations with ׳׃י ׳הֵרִים פ Ezra 9:6, in worship (see also נשׂא); in spiritual sense Jer 2:27; Jer 32:33 (פָּנָה אֵלַי עֹרֶף וְלֹא פָנִים); ׳לִדְרוֺשׁ י ׳נָתַן פ 2Chr 20:3 ׳נָתַן אֶתפֿ אֶלאֲֿדֹנָי Dan 9:3 הַבָּנִים קְשֵׁי פָנִים Ezek 2:4.
e. of ׳י himself, לֹא יָסִיר פָּנִיםִ מִכֶּם 2Chr 30:9 בְּעֹשֵׂי ׳פְּנֵי י רָ֑ע Ps 34:17 גַּעֲרַת פָּנֶיךָ Ps 80:17. — See further below

7. 2. a. = presence, person, of ׳י Exod 33:14; Exod 33:15, בְּפָנָיו Deut 4:37, מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו Isa 63:9 לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים, see לֶחֶם; of ׳י's angry presence Lam 4:16; Ps 21:10 of Absalom 2Sam 17:11 in weakened sense, nearly = suffix (compare נפשׁ 4 a), Prov 7:15.
b. with ראה technically, see one's face, i.e. appear before one, in one's presence: before a man Gen 32:21 (+ 3 other uses of ׳פ), (God, with יראה pointed as Niph`al, see II 2); especially as privilege, = have access to, man of rank Gen 43:3; Gen 43:5; Gen 44:23; Gen 44:26, king Exod 10:28 (twice in verse) compare vExod 10:29 (all J), 2Sam 14:24 (twice in verse); 2Sam 14:28; 2Sam 14:32 compare 2Sam 3:13 (twice in verse); רֹאֵי פְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ 2Kgs 25:19 = Jer 52:25; Esth 1:14 implying favour of person seen, man Gen 33:10 (J), God vGen 33:10, compare Job 33:26 (Hiph`il), and, with חזה, Ps 11:7; Ps 17:15.

3. face of seraphim Isa 6:2, cherubim Exod 25:20 (twice in verse) = Exod 37:9 (twice in verse), Ezek 1:8; Ezek 1:11; 2Chr 3:13 +.

4. face of animals, פְּנֵי הַצּאֹן Gen 30:40 ׳אַרְיֵה וּפ ׳פ נֶשֶׁר ׳שׁוֺר ופ Ezek 1:10 (in descr. of cherubim), compare Ezek 10:14 אַרְיֵה ׳פ also 1Chr 12:8 (figurative), כְֿפִיר׳פ Ezek 41:19 ׳פִּתְחֵי פ Job 41:6 of crocodile.

5. face (= surface) of ground (הָאֲדָמָה) Gen 2:6; Gen 4:14; Gen 7:4; Ps 104:30 +, so הָאָרֶץ ׳פ Gen 1:29; Gen 7:3; Gen 8:9; Gen 11:4; Gen 11:8; Gen 11:9; Gen 19:28; Isa 24:1, תֵבֵל ׳פ Isa 14:21; Isa 27:6 of a field Prov 24:31 תְהוֺם ׳פ Gen 1:2 (twice in verse); Job 38:30, הַמַּיִם ׳פ Gen 7:18 רְקִיעַ הַשָּׁמַיִם׳פ Gen 1:20 כִֿסֵּה׳פ Job 26:9 i.e. of God's throne (but Bu reads כֶּסֶה fullmoon); הַלּוֺט ׳פ Job 25:7 see [ לוּט; לְבוּשׁוֺ ׳פ Job 41:5 the expanse of his [the crocodile's] coat; front (especially Ezek.), of house Ezek 41:14; Ezek 47:1, הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳פ Ezek 41:21 of gate Ezek 40:6; Ezek 40:20; Ezek 40:22; Ezek 42:15; Ezek 43:4 of chamber Ezek 40:44 (twice in verse); Ezek 40:45; Ezek 40:46 of pot (סִיר) Jer 1:13 הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳פ 2Sam 10:9 battle-front = 1Chr 19:10 (verb agrees with ׳הַמּ in gender, Ges^{«GKC:146a»§ 146a}); = van of locust-army Joel 2:20 (opposed to סֹפוֺ); front, i.e. edge, of sword Ezek 21:21, of axe Eccl 10:10 = condition, state of a thing, as denoted by its appearance; of flock Prov 27:23 הַדָּבָר ׳פ 2Sam 14:20 the appearance (situation, attitude) of the affair.

6. as adverb of location מִפָּנִים וּמֵאָחוֺר 2Sam 10:9 before and behind = ׳וְֿ ׳פ 1Chr 19:10, also Ezek 2:10; 2Chr 13:14 פְּנֵי toward Song 7:5, also in front (to the East?) of 2Chr 20:16 (see לִפְנֵי d below); לְפָנִים forward Jer 7:24 (opposed to לְאחוֺר); מִלִּפְנִים 1Kgs 6:29 see פְּנִימָה; adverb temporal לְפָנִים formerly Deut 2:12; Deut 2:20; Josh 11:10; Judg 1:10; Judg 1:11; Judg 1:13 + 12 t.; מִלְּפָנִים Isa 41:26 from beforetime (|| מֵראֹשׁ).

7. for other phrases see: אוֺר verb Hiph`il 5; אוֺר n. 10; בּוֺשׁ Hiph`il; בקשׁ Pi`el 3; בּשֶׁת 1; [הַכָּרָה]; הָדַר 2; זָעַם Niph`al; זָעַף 1; הָבַשׁ 1 a; I. חָרָה I חָוַר; חָזַק Pi`el 5; II. חלה; IV. חמר; חָפָה; טָחַן; יָעַד Hoph`al; יְשׁוּעָה 3; כּוּן Hiph`il 3; כִּפֶּר 1; כָּסָה Pi`el 1, 2; מָאוֺר; מְגַמָּה p. 169; I. מוּל; מַשּׂא; [נָבַט] Hiph`il 3; נֶגֶד 1, 2 c; נֹכַח; נָכַר Hiph`il; נָפַל 3 b, and Hiph`il 5; נָשָׂא 1 b (3); נָתַן 2 b; סָבַב Hiph`il 1 a; סָתַר Hiph`il 2; I. עֵבֶר 2; עַז, עָזַז Hiph`il; עָמַד Hiph`il 6 a; II. עֻמָּה; [צָרַב]; [קָדַם] Pi`el; שִׂים; שׁוּב Hiph`il; שִׁית; II.שָׁנָה Pi`el; תֹּפֶת. II. פְּנֵי with prepositions: —

1. אֶלפְּֿנֵי:
a. to the presence of, Exod 23:17 pregnantly יֵרָאֶה ֗֗֗ אֶלפְּֿנֵי הָאָדוֺן shall appear (coming) to the presence of (= before) ׳י (|| Exod 34:23 ׳אֶתפְּֿנֵי הָא); with יָצָא = to confront 2Chr 19:2.

b. to the front of, after a verb of motion, Lev 6:7 הַמִּזְבֵּחַ ׳הַקְרֵב אֹתָהּ ֗֗֗ אֶלפְּֿנֵ, Lev 9:5; Lev 16:2; Num 17:8; Num 20:10.
c. towards or on the front of (אֶל = עַל), Ezek 41:4; Ezek 41:12; Ezek 41:15; Ezek 41:25; Ezek 42:2; Ezek 42:3; Ezek 42:7; Ezek 42:10; Ezek 42:13; Ezek 45:7; Ezek 48:21.
d. on to the surface of, Lev 14:53 וְשִׁלַּח ֗֗֗ אֶלפְּֿנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה, Ezek 16:5.

2. אֶתפְּֿנֵי close by (II. אֵת) the face or front of: hence
a. the presence of, 1Sam 2:11 עֵלִי ׳אֶתפֿ 1Kgs 12:6 who stood שְׁלֹמֹה ׳אֶתפֿ (compare לִפְנֵי 1Kgs 10:8), Esth 1:10; Prov 17:24 pregnantly (nisi וַיַּנִּחֵם leg., ᵑ6 ᵑ7 We Dr and others) 1Sam 22:4. Specifically ׳אֶתפְּֿנֵי י Gen 19:13 (1Sam 2:17), v1Sam 2:27; 1Sam 2:18 and with נִרְאָה of the appearance of all males at the three annual חַגִּים, Exod 34:23 הָאָדֹן ׳יֵרָאֶה כָּלזְֿכוּרְךָ אֶתפֿ, vExod 34:24; Deut 16:16 (compare Dr), Deut 31:11; 1Sam 1:22 (|| ׳י ׳אלפֿ Exod 23:17); so פָּנַי alone Exod 23:15 = Exod 34:20 (לֹא יֵרָאוּ פָנַי רֵיקָם), Isa 1:22, פָנֶיךָ Ps 42:3 (according to many, Ges^Thes Di^{Exod 23:15} Che^{Isa 1:12, critical note}, the verb in all these passages was originally Qal, afterwards pointed as Niph`al to avoid the expression see the face of ׳י); אֶתפָּֿנֶיךָ in thy presence Ps 16:10; Ps 21:7; Ps 140:14.
b. in front of, Gen 33:18. הָעִיר ׳וַיִּחַן אֶתפֿ, Lev 4:6 פָרֹכֶת הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳אֶתפֿ ׳לִפְנֵי י vLev 4:17. — מֵאֵת פְּנֵי from before, see II. אֵת

4 a. 3. בִּפְנֵי: (a) in the face of, mostly in particular phrases, with hostile import: thus, with יָרַק to spit Num 12:14; Deut 25:9 התיצב to make a stand Deut 7:24; Deut 11:25, and עמד Josh 10:8, לֹא יַעֲמֹד אִישׁ בְּפָנֶיךָ Josh 21:42; Josh 23:9 עָנָה to answer (give evidence) against, Hos 5:5 וענה גאון ישׂראל בפניו, Hos 7:10; Job 16:8 וְנָקֹטוּ בִּפְנֵיהֶם = feel loathing against their own selves, Ezek 6:9, so Ezek 20:43; Ezek 36:31. (b) in front of, Ezek 42:12.

4. לִפְנֵי, properly at the face or front of, the most general word for in the presence of, before: as Gen 18:22 עֹמֵד לִפְנֵי אַבְרָהָם, Exod 4:21; Exod 11:10; 2Sam 2:14; Prov 17:18 + often; after a verb of motion, Gen 47:2 וַיַּצִּיגֵם ׳לפני פ and set them before Pharaoh, Gen 27:20 ׳כִּי הִקְרָה י לפני literally made (it) to meet before me (compare Gen 24:12), Exod 29:10; Prov 18:16 etc. In particular,
a. With the implication of
(a) under the eye or oversight of, Deut 25:2; 1Sam 3:1.
(b) under the eye and regard of, Gen 17:18 לוּ יִשְׁמָעֵאל יִחְיֶה לְפָנֶיךָ, Hos 6:2; Isa 53:2; Ps 61:8 compare Jer 30:20; Jer 31:36; Isa 66:22; Ps 102:29: also 1Sam 2:28; 2Sam 19:14.
(c) figurative for in (or into) the full (mental) view of, Gen 6:13 קֵץ כָּלבָּֿשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי is come in before me, Lam 1:22 תָּבאֹ כָלרָֿעָתָם לְפָנֶיךָ, Jonah 1:2 עָֽלְתָה לְפָנַי (compare אֶל Gen 18:21; Exod 2:23), Isa 65:6 כְּתוּבָה לְפָנָ֑י, Jer 2:22 נִכְתָּךְ לְפָנָי (compare נֶגְדִּי Isa 47:12).
(d) openly before, 1Sam 12:2 הִתְהַלֵךְ לִפְנֵי, and with collateral idea of deserving (and receiving) regard 1Sam 2:35, especially ׳לפני י Gen 17:1 and elsewhere.
(e) in presence of the moon or sun, Ps 72:5; Ps 72:17, i.e. as long as they endure.
(f) free before, at the disposal of,Gen 13:9 הֲלֹא כָלהָֿאָרֶץ לְפָנֶיךָ (compare Gen 20:15; Gen 34:10; Gen 47:6; Jer 40:4; 2Chr 14:6), 2Chr 24:51; Song 8:12.
(g) in the sight (estimation) of, Gen 7:1 thee have I seen to be just before me, Gen 10:9 a mighty hunter before ׳י, Deut 24:4 ׳י ׳תּוֺעֵבָה ל, vDeut 24:13 ׳י ׳צְדָקָה ל, 1Sam 20:1 b, אָרוּר ׳י ׳ל Josh 6:26; 1Sam 26:19, ׳י ׳לְרָצוֺן ל acceptable before ׳י, Lev 1:3 +, Ps 19:15; 2Kgs 5:1 a great man לִפְנֵי אֲדֹנָיו, Prov 14:12; Ps 143:2 ׳וַיִּיטַב ל (late synonym of earlier בְּעֵנֵי) Neh 2:5; Neh 2:6; Esth 5:14 ׳טוֺב ל Eccl 2:26; Eccl 7:26 compare also נָתַן לְרַחֲמִים לִפְנֵי, see רַחֲמִים.
(h) ׳לִפְנֵי י, specifically of acts done with a solemn sense of ׳י's presence, often, but not always, at a sanctuary: Gen 27:7 that I may eat and bless thee before ׳י, before I die, Exod 18:12 to eat bread before God, Deut 1:45 ye wept before ׳י, Deut 6:25; Deut 12:7 (to eat, so vDeut 12:18; Deut 14:23; Deut 14:26; Deut 15:20), vDeut 15:12 (rejoice, so vDeut 15:18; Deut 27:7; Isa 9:2), Josh 18:6; Josh 24:1; Judg 11:11; Judg 20:23; Judg 20:26; Judg 21:2; 1Sam 7:6; 1Sam 10:19; 1Sam 11:15; 1Sam 12:7; 1Sam 15:33; 1Sam 23:18; 2Sam 5:3; 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 21:9 and constantly in P, as Exod 16:9; Exod 16:33; Exod 16:34; Lev 1:5; Lev 1:11; Lev 3:1; Lev 3:7 etc.; of residents in Jerusalem Isa 23:18. So in ׳י ׳הָלַךְ ל 1Kgs 2:4 and elsewhere.
b. In other phrases: —
(a) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand before, i.e. wait upon, be in attendance on, Deut 1:38 and elsewhere (see עָמַד 1 e). Simil. הָיָה לִפְנֵי 1Sam 19:7 (compare 1Sam 29:8), 2Kgs 5:2 ׳עָבַד ל 2Sam 16:19.
(b) הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה לִפְנֵי to bow down before Gen 23:12; Deut 26:10; 2Kgs 18:22 and elsewhere (see below שָׁחָה; also נָפַל 3 b): so with הִתְפַּלֵּל to pray 1Sam 1:12 +; compare הלך פָני 1Kgs 12:30; 1Chr 21:30.
(c) to be smitten (נִגַּף) before a foe; see נָגַף Niph`al [contrast נוּס מִפְּנֵי: below 6 a]. So with נָפַל 1Sam 14:13 נָתַן (in helplessness or flight), especially in Deuteronomy, as Deut 1:8; Deut 1:21; Deut 7:2 (twice in verse); Deut 7:23; Josh 10:12; Josh 11:6 + (Dr^{DT lxxxii}): compare Judg 4:15; 2Sam 5:20; Isa 45:1; Jer 1:17.
(d) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand (make a stand) before (not quite so strong as בִּפְנֵי ׳ע, above 3), Exod 9:11; Judg 2:14; 2Kgs 10:4; Jer 49:19; Ps 76:8; Ps 147:17; Nah 1:6 so with הִתְיַצֵּב Deut 9:2; Josh 1:5; Job 41:2, קוּם Josh 7:12; Josh 7:13.
(e) in hostile sense (rare), יָצָא לִפְנֵי go forth to face 1Chr 14:8; 2Chr 14:9.
(f) לִפְנֵי (נָתַן) שִׂים, of food, to set or place before, Gen 18:8; Gen 24:33 +.
(g) נָתַן לִפְנֵי to set before, i.e. propound for acceptance or choice, usually of laws (especially Deuteronomy, Jeremiah), Deut 4:8; Deut 11:26; Deut 11:32; Deut 30:1; Deut 30:15; Deut 30:19; 1Kgs 9:6 (D²), Jer 9:12; Jer 21:8; Jer 26:4; Jer 44:10; , compare Ezek 23:24 (place at disposal of): so with שִׂים Exod 19:7; Exod 21:1.
c. With reference to position:
(a) in front of, before, especially with verbs of motion (with which נֶגֶד is hardly used), Gen 32:21 בַּמִּנְחָה הַהֹלֶכֶת לְפָנָ֔י that goeth before me, Gen 33:14 the cattle אֲשֶׁר לְפָנַי, Exod 17:5; Exod 23:20 etc.; in the description of a march or procession, Exod 13:21; Exod 13:22; Num 10:33; Isa 52:12; Isa 58:8 +; 2Sam 3:31 and wail before Abner (before his bier); of flocks before a shepherd Gen 32:18 of captives or booty driven before a conqueror 1Sam 30:20 (read וַיִּנְהֲגוּ לְפָנָיו We Dr), Isa 8:4; Isa 40:10 = Isa 62:11 וּפְעֻלָּתוֺ לְפָנָיו his recompence (i.e. his newly-recovered people, regarded as his prize of war) before him, Amos 9:4; Lam 1:5; Lam 1:6
(b) of a leader, etc. = at the head of, Deut 10:11; Judg 9:39; 1Sam 8:20; Mic 1:13 and elsewhere; compare בא ויצא לפני (העם) Num 27:17; 1Sam 18:13; 1Sam 18:16; 2Chr 1:10; Eccl 4:16 before whom (at whose head) he was.
(c) denoting superiority, before, above, Gen 48:20 וַיָּשֶׂם אתאֿפרים לפני מנשׁה, Job 34:19.
d. Of places (not very common): Exod 14:2 before Pi-hahiroth . . ., before Baal-zephon, Num 33:7b, Gen 23:17 מַמְרֵא ׳אשׁר ל (usually ׳על פני מ: see 7 a d), 1Chr 19:7; Neh 8:1; Neh 8:3 before the temple, veil, altar, etc., Exod 16:34 + הָעֵדֻת ׳ל, Exod 30:6 + הַפָּרֹכֶת ׳ל, Exod 40:5; Exod 40:6; Num 3:38; Num 7:10 and elsewhere (all P), 1Kgs 6:21; 1Kgs 7:49 +.
e. Of time, before: Amos 1:1: לפני הָָֽ רעַשׁ before the earthquake, Gen 29:26; Gen 30:30 לְפָנַי before me (i.e. before I came to thee), Exod 10:14 לפניו לא היה כן before it there was not the like, Num 13:22; 1Kgs 16:25; 1Kgs 16:30 מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר לְפָנָיו, Isa 43:10; Isa 48:7; Prov 8:25; Job 15:7 etc. Sq. infinitive, Gen 13:10 ׳לִפְנֵי שַׁחֵת י before ׳י's destroying, etc., Gen 27:7 לִפְנֵי מוֺתִי, Gen 36:31; 1Sam 9:15 +. Once, in late Hebrew, לִפְנֵי מִזֶּה before this Neh 13:4. feminine In the manner of, like (rare and dubious), 1Sam 1:16 אַלתִּֿתֵּן אֶתאֲֿמָֽתְךָ לִפְנֵי בַתבִּֿלִיַּעַל like a worthless woman, Job 3:24 like my food, Job 4:19 they are crushed like the moth (compare Lat pro).

5. מִלִּפְנֵי₇₃ from before: —
a. from the presence of (properly, from a position before a person or object: to be distinguished from מִפְּנֵי; see 6):
(a) Gen 41:46 ׳ויצא יוסף מִלִּפְנֵי פ from before Pharaoh, Gen 47:10; 2Kgs 5:27; 2Kgs 6:32 +; ׳י ׳מל Gen 4:6 Cain went forth from before ׳י, Jonah 1:3; Jonah 1:10 specifically of the sanctuary, Lev 9:24 ׳ותצא אשׁ מלפני י (so Lev 10:2), קֶצֶף Num 17:11 (compare 2Chr 19:2), with לָקַח etc. Lev 16:12; Num 17:24; Num 20:9, 1Sam 21:7 the shew-bread that was removed from before ׳י; from before a place 1Kgs 8:54; Ezra 10:6; 2Chr 1:13,
(b) of taking, etc., from before a person, Gen 23:4 to bury my dead from before me, vGen 23:8; Exod 36:3; Deut 17:18 ׳וכתב לו מִשְׁנֵה התורה הזאת מל הכהנים from (the copy) before the priests, Deut 28:31 גָּזוּכ מלפניך.
(c) with בקשׁ Esth 4:8 [compare מִןקֳדָם Dan 2:18]; and to express the idea of proceeding from a person, Esth 1:19 [compare Dan 2:15], Eccl 10:5; 1Chr 29:12 הָעשֶׁר והכבוד מלפניך (compare Acts 3:19); Ps 17:2 מלפניך. יֵצֵא משׁפטי.
(d) of cutting off, etc., from before ׳י (compare לִפְנֵי a b, c), Lev 22:3; 1Kgs 8:25 לֹאיִֿכָּרֵת לְךָ אִישׁ, מִלְּפָנִי Jer 31:36; Jer 33:18; Isa 48:19: Ps 51:13 אַלתַּֿשְׁלִיכֵנִי מִלְּפָנְיךָ (compare 8 a); Jer 16:17 לֹא נִסְתְּרוּ מִלְּפָנַי, Jer 18:23; Neh 3:37.
(e) of expelling from before an invader, Exod 23:28; Deut 9:4; Deut 11:23; Deut 31:3 + (but much less common than מִפְּנֵי).
b. (Chiefly late) to express the source or cause, with the force of the לְ weakened, in cases where the earlier language would have used מִפְּנֵי: with verbs of fearing, 1Sam 18:12; Eccl 3:14; Eccl 8:12; Eccl 8:13; 1Chr 16:30 חִילִי מִלְּפָנָיו [|| Ps 96:9 מפניו], Ps 114:7 (twice in verse); Esth 7:6; 2Chr 32:7 ( + מפני); failing, etc., Isa 57:16; Ps 97:5 being humbled, 1Kgs 21:29 ( + מפני), 2Chr 32:12; 2Chr 32:23; 2Chr 34:27 [|| 2Kgs 22:19 מפני], 2Kgs 36:12 crying for help 1Sam 8:18 [compare מפני Exod 3:7], singing 1Chr 16:33 [|| Ps 96:13 לפני], fleeing 1Chr 19:18 [|| 2Sam 10:18 מִפְּנֵי].
c. of time, once, = לִפְנֵי Eccl 1:10. — With the later usages of ׳מל, compare מִן קֳדָם in Biblical Aramaic and ᵑ7 (Dr Sm^{lxx-lxxi, lxxiii}); see also Kö^{ii. 320.}

6. מִפְּנֵי from the face or presence of, from before, Exod 14:19 וַיִּסַּע עמוד הענן מִפְּנֵיהֶם removecl from before them, Isa 30:11; Hos 11:2 so
a. (often with suggestion of causation (see מִן 2 d, e, f), because of, for fear of [so AV RV Judg 9:21; 1Sam 21:11; 1Sam 23:26; (twice in verse); Jer 37:11; Jer 41:9; Jer 50:16]) after verbs of hiding Gen 3:8; Gen 4:14; Isa 2:10 (compare vIsa 2:19 vIsa 2:21); and especially of escaping, Judg 9:21 (Thes 'bene ᵑ9 ob metum A.'), 1Sam 18:11; 1Sam 19:10; 1Sam 23:26, or fleeing, Exod 4:3; Exod 14:25; 1Sam 17:24 + often (see בָּרַךְ and נוּס), and expelling, destroying, etc. Exod 23:30 אֲגָָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ I will expel them from before thee, Exod 34:11; Exod 34:24 אוֺרִישׁ גּוֺיִם מִפָּנֶיךָ (see הוֺרִישׁ), Lev 18:24; Deut 8:20; Amos 2:9; Ps 89:24 + often (as though clearing the way for Israel, for Israel's sake: compare Isa 63:12 בּוֺקֵעַ מַיִס מִפְּנֵיהֶם, Josh 2:10; Josh 4:23). Pregn. Isa 17:9 ׳כַּעֲזוּבַת ֗֗֗ אשׁר עזבו מפני בני ישׂר which they forsook (fleeing) from before, etc.
b. implying causation more distinctly. Ps 9:4 יאבדו מפניך perish from before thee or at the presence, Deut 7:20: very often with verbs of fearing, as גור, יגר, חיל, ירא, ערץ, פחד, קוץ Exod 9:30; Num 22:3 (twice in verse); Deut 1:17; Jer 5:22 etc. (mostly when the object inspiring fear is a person: when it is a thing, מִן alone is preferred; but see Deut 5:5; Deut 9:19); of being alarmed or dismayed Gen 45:3; Josh 2:9; Jer 1:17; Job 23:15, etc.; of humbling oneself Exod 10:3; Judg 11:33 +; with other words, to indicate the external ground of an action or effect, as הַס מִפָּנָיו be silent at (i.e. because of) his presence Zeph 1:7; Hab 2:20; Judg 5:5 the mountains flowed ׳מפני י at the presence of ׳י, Isa 63:19; Jer 4:26; Nah 1:5; Ps 68:3 as wax melteth מפני אשׁ; Deut 20:19; Isa 19:1; Isa 26:17 כן היינו מפניך so were we through thy presence (more than לפניך, — implying that their state was due to ׳י); קום מפני to rise up at the presence of Gen 31:35; Lev 19:32. (

N.B. In a, b, frequently rendered before in AV RV, and so confused with לפני; but the מִן retains always its full force in the Hebrew)
c. of the cause, whether nearer or more remote:
(a) Gen 6:13 מָֽלְאָה הָאָרֶץ חָמָס מִפְּנֵיהֶם because of them (i.e. occasioned by them), Gen 27:4 I loathe my life because of the daughters of Heth, Gen 36:7 the land could not support them because of their cattle, Gen 41:31; Gen 47:13; Exod 3:7 their cry by reason of their taskmasters, Exod 8:20 תִּשָּׁחֵת הָאָרֶץ מִפְּנֵי הֶעָרֹב, Exod 9:11; Josh 2:11; Josh 23:3; Judg 2:18; Judg 6:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 8:11 + often; Isa 10:27 (RVm), Jer 15:17; Ps 38:4; Ps 38:6, etc.; Jer 4:4 + מִפְּנֵי רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם by reason of the evil of your doings, Jer 7:12; Jer 9:6; Jer 13:17; Jer 14:16; Jer 23:9 + often
(b) stating the reason for which a thing is not done (Latin prae,), 1Kgs 8:11; Job 37:19.
(c) with אֲשֶׁר as a conjunction, twice, because that, Exod 19:18; Jer 44:23. — Num 33:8 see פִּי הַחִירֹת.

7. עַלפְּֿנֵי (compare Phoenician עַל פְּנֵ, עלת פְּנֵ, Lzb³⁵²) has different meanings according to the different senses of the noun and the preposition: —
a. From the sense of face or front:
(a) in front of (more definite and distinct than לפני): Ps 18:43 as dust before the wind (compare לפני Ps 35:5; Ps 83:14 +), Gen 32:22 the present passed on עלפֿניו in front of him, Exod 33:19 אעביר כלטֿוּבי עלפֿניך,2Sam 15:18; 2Sam 15:23 (read עלפֿניו: see Dr), Job 4:15 = in the sight of, Lev 10:3 ועלפֿני כל העם אֶכָּבֵד, Jer 6:7 עַלפָּֿנַי תָּמִיד חֳלִי וּמַכָּה, Jer 13:26 (compare Nah 3:5), Ps 9:20 יִשָּֽׁפְטוּ גוים עלפֿניך before thee: defiantly, Job 1:11 אםלֿא עלֿ פניך יְבָֽרְכֶךָּ will renounce thee to thy face, Job 6:28 ועלפֿניכם אם אֲכַוֵּב, Job 21:31 to die in the presence of any one ( = in his lifetime) Gen 11:28; Num 3:4.
(b) before, to the exclusion of another, i.e. in preference to, Deut 21:16, and perhaps(Ew^{§ 217} l) Exod 20:3 (Deut 5:7) לא יהיה לך אלהים אחרים עלפֿני (Thes and others as c).
(c) in addition to, Job 16:14 פֶּרֶץעַלפְּֿנֵיפֶֿרֶץ יִפְרְצֵנִי.
(d) of localities, in front of, mostly (but not always: see GFM^{Ju., p. 351}) = east of, 1Kgs 6:3 the porch in front of, etc., v1Kgs 6:3; 1Kgs 7:6; 1Kgs 8:8; 2Chr 3:17; Ezek 42:8; Gen 16:12 עלפֿני כלאֿחיו ישׁכן (compare Gen 25:18 b), perhaps (Di and others) with collateral idea of defiance; מַמְרֵא ׳עַלפֿ Gen 23:19 (Gen 50:13), Exod 16:14 often in אשׁר עלפֿני ֗֗֗ Gen 25:9 (Gen 49:30), מצרים vGen 49:18 a (Josh 13:3; 1Sam 15:7), Num 21:11; Num 33:7 a, ירחו Deut 32:49 (Deut 34:1), Josh 13:3; Josh 13:25; Josh 15:8 (Josh 18:16), Josh 17:7; Josh 18:14; Josh 19:11; Judg 16:3; 1Sam 24:3 (probably), 1Sam 26:1; 1Sam 26:3; 2Sam 2:24; 1Kgs 11:7 (the Mt. of Olives, east of Jews.; so 2Kgs 23:13; Zech 14:4), Zech 17:3; Zech 17:5. — Gen 1:20 let fowl fly עלפֿני רקיע השׁמים in front of the firmament of heaven, namely as looked up to from below, i.e. between the firmament and the earth. (ε) with verbs implying direction, over towardas, Gen 18:16 וישׁקף עלפֿני סדם, Gen 19:28; Num 21:20 (Num 23:28) נשׁקפה עלפֿני הישׁימן overlooking; to sprinkle against the front of Lev 16:14 in a hostile sense (rare), Nah 2:2 עָלָה מֵפִיץ עַלפָּֿנַיִךְ, Ps 21:13; Ezek 32:10.

b. From the sense of surface, Gen 1:2 עלפֿני תהום upon the face of the deep, Exod 16:14 ׳המדבר עלפֿ: often in the phrases עלפֿני (כל) הארץ Gen 1:29; Gen 7:3 +, and (more frequently) עלפֿני האדמה on the face of the ground Gen 6:1; Gen 7:23 etc.; על פני השׂדה Lev 17:5; Num 19:16; 1Sam 14:25 +; after verbs of motion, 1Sam 11:4 lest we be scattered over the face of all the earth, v1Sam 11:8 v1Sam 11:9; Exod 32:20; Lev 14:7 (Lev 14:53 אל), Isa 18:2; Isa 19:8; Amos 5:8; Ezek 32:4; Job 5:10 +.

8. מֵעַלפְּֿנֵי
a. from before the face of, Gen 23:3 Abraham rose up מֵעַל פְּנֵי מֵתוֺ from before his dead, i.e. from mourning before or beside it; Psalms (פניו) מֵעַל פני from before my (his) face, often in Kings & Jeremiah of the rejection of Israel or the temple, as with שִׁלַּת 1Kgs 9:7 (|| 2Chr 7:20 השׁליך), Jer 15:1, השׁליד 2Kgs 13:23; 2Kgs 24:20 (Jer 52:3), Jer 7:15, נטשׁ Jer 23:39, הסיר 2Kgs 17:18; 2Kgs 17:23; 2Kgs 23:27; 2Kgs 24:3; Jer 32:31.
b. from of the surface of, often in the phrase מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה, with verbs of cutting off, removing, expelling, etc., Psalms; Gen 4:14; Gen 6:7; Gen 7:4; Gen 8:8; Exod 32:12; Deut 6:15; 1Sam 20:15; 1Kgs 9:7; 1Kgs 13:34; Amos 9:8; Jer 28:16; Zeph 1:2; Zeph 1:3.

BDB6683 H3942 H6440

לִפְנָ֑י 1Kgs 6:17, Ew^{§ 164 a} Ke as adjective, anterior, but read, with ᵐ5, לִפְנֵי הַדְּבִיד Th Sta Kit and others

before, face, presence, because, faces, …

pānîm

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposition (before, etc.)

face

face, faces

before and behind, toward, in front of, forward, formerly, from beforetime, before

in front of, before, to the front of, in the presence of, in the face of, at the face or front of, from the presence of, from before, from before the face of

בְּ כֹח ֥וֹ

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

כֹח

Root word strength, power, might, force, ability, …

֥וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: כֹּחַ · KOH-ah

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: power

power ×19 strength ×15 my strength ×5 in power ×4 by his power ×3 his strength ×3 in strength ×3 my power ×3

More options

strength — Best default; physical or inner capacity to act.

power — Modernizes KJV; broad usage, authority or force implied.

might — Emphasizes intensity; suits poetic or elevated contexts.

ability — Prefer when skill or capability, not brute force, is meant.

energy — Suits contexts of vitality, stamina, or bodily vigor.

resources — Good when כֹּחַ refers to wealth or material substance.

BDB3986 H3581

I. כֹּחַ noun [masculine] a small reptile, probably a kind of lizard, in list of unclean creeping things Lev 11:30 ᵐ5 ᵑ9 AV chameleon; on various opinions see Di.

BDB3987 H3581

II. כֹּחַ see below כחח.

BDB3990 H3581

II. כֹּחַ and ( Dan 11:6) כּוֺחַ noun masculine^{Deut 4:37} strength, power (Late Hebrew id.); — ׳כ absolute Deut 8:18 +; construct Num 14:17 +; suffix כֹּחִי Gen 31:6 +; כֹּחֲךָ Judg 16:6 +, כֹּחֶ֑ךָ Prov 5:10, כֹּחֶ֑כָה Prov 24:10, etc.; always singular; —

1. human strength:
a. physical, of Samson Judg 16:5; Judg 16:6; Judg 16:9; Judg 16:15; Judg 16:17; Judg 16:19; Judg 16:30 strength in toil Isa 44:12 (זְרוֺעַ כֹּחוֺ), vIsa 44:12; Lev 26:20; Neh 4:4 of manly vigour (in procreation) אַתָּה כֹּחִי וְרֵאשִׁית אוֺנִי Gen 49:3 (poem in J; said to Reuben); vigour in general Josh 14:11 (twice in verse) (JE), Judg 6:14; 1Sam 28:22; Job 6:11; Job 6:12; Ps 31:11; Ps 38:11; Ps 71:9; Ps 102:24; Prov 20:29 as sustained by food 1Kgs 19:8 lack of such vigour is לֹאכֹֿחַ Job 26:2, compare מִכֹּחַ Jer 48:45 without strength; ׳בְּלֹאכֿ Lam 1:6 ׳יְגִיעֵיכֿ Job 3:17 כֹּחַ לֹאהָֿיָה בוֺ 1Sam 28:20, compare Dan 10:8; Dan 10:17 in Ps 22:16 read חִכִּי, so Ew Ol Che and others; specifically of power of voice Isa 40:9.
b. more inclusively, ability, efficiency: followed by infinitive, ability to weep 1Sam 30:4 to get wealth Deut 8:18 to bring forth (a child; in figure) 2Kgs 19:3 = Isa 37:3 followed by לַעֲמֹד Dan 1:4; Ezra 10:13, compare Dan 11:15 without infinitive 1Chr 29:2; Ezra 2:69 of efficiency in battle 2Chr 14:10; 2Chr 20:12; 2Chr 26:13 for porter's service in temple אִישׁחַֿיִל בַּכֹּחַ לַעֲבֹדָה 1Chr 26:8 ability or efficiency in general Gen 31:6; Prov 24:5; Prov 24:10; Eccl 4:1; Eccl 9:10, so probably כֹּחַ יְדֵיהֶם Job 30:2 עָצַר כֹּחַ (late, compare עצר) retain ability or strength, followed by infinitive; לְהִתְנַדֵּב ׳נַעְצֹר כ 1Chr 29:14 that we should retain (have) ability to make freewill-oferings; to build 2Chr 2:5 with negative, without infinitive, Dan 10:8; Dan 10:16 (compare Dan 11:6, c).
c. power of a people, or king, Josh 17:17; Nah 2:2; Hab 1:11; Isa 49:4 (of servant of ׳י), Lam 1:14; Dan 8:22; Dan 8:24 a, also vDan 8:24 b (si vera lectio, see Bev), Dan 11:25 (|| לֵבָב); with עָצַר 2Chr 13:20; 2Chr 22:9; Dan 11:6 (הַזְּרוֺעַ ׳לֹא תַעְצֹר כ, compare b); in Hos 7:9 figurative of body seems combined with that of land yielding produce (see 5 below)
d. power opposed to that of God Amos 2:14; Isa 10:13 (יָדִי ׳כ), Deut 8:17; 1Sam 2:9; Zech 4:6; Job 36:19; Ps 33:16.
e. power conferred by God Isa 40:29, compare vIsa 40:31; Isa 41:1 of prophetic power Mic 3:8.

2. strength of angels Ps 103:20.

3. power of God: in creation Jer 10:12; Jer 51:15 (see also Jer 32:17 below), Ps 65:7 in governing the world 1Chr 29:12; 2Chr 20:6; Ps 29:4 in acts of deliverance and judgment Exod 9:16; Exod 15:6; Exod 32:11; Num 14:13; Num 14:17 (JE), Isa 50:2; 2Chr 25:8; Job 9:19; Job 24:22; Job 26:12; Job 30:18; Job 36:22 in combination כֹּחַ גָּדוֺל Deut 4:37 || יָד חֲזָקָה Exod 32:11(JE), Neh 1:10 || זְרוֺעַ נְטוּיָה Deut 9:29; 2Kgs 17:36; Jer 27:5; Jer 32:17 he is רַבכֹּֿחַ Ps 147:5 compare רֹב כֹּחוֺ Isa 63:1; Job 23:6 also גדולכֹּֿחַ Nah 1:3 אַמִּיץ כֹּחַ Isa 40:26; Job 9:4, שַׂגִּיאכֹֿחַ Job 37:23 כֹּחַ מַעֲשָׂיו Ps 111:6 the power of his works; בַּכֹּחַ ׳קוֺל י Ps 29:4 (of thunder); specifically of his wisdom (rather peculiarly, Elihu) כַּבִּיר כֹּחַ לֵב Job 36:5 mighty in strength of mind.

4. of animals: wild ox Job 39:11, horse vJob 39:21, hippopotamus Job 40:16, bullock Prov 14:4 he-goat Dan 8:6 ram vDan 8:7.

5. strength, of soil i.e. produce, Gen 4:12 (J), Job 31:30 (Hos 7:9 see

1. c above); = wealth (compare חַילִ) Prov 5:10; Job 6:22.

strength, power, might, force, ability, …

kōaḥ

vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce); also (from its hardiness) a large lizard

strength, power, might

human strength

perhaps an extinct animal, exact meaning is unknown

הַ גָּדֹ֖ל

הַ

Prefix — article the

גָּדֹ֖ל

Root word great, high, greater, loud, greatest, …

Dictionary form: גָּדוֹל · ɡaw-DOLE

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: with his mighty

great ×109 a great ×52 the great ×34 with a loud ×18 and great ×16 with a great ×16 the high ×15 with great ×14

More options

great — Most versatile modern rendering; fits most contexts.

large — Prefer for physical size or measurable magnitude.

mighty — Best for power, strength, or awe-inspiring scale.

loud — Use specifically for voices, sounds, or cries.

elder — When describing seniority or rank among people.

significant — Fits abstract or formal contexts; stresses importance.

BDB1498 H1419

גָּדוֺל₅₂₂ adjective great — ׳גGen 4:13 + 279 t.; גָּדֹל Deut 26:8 + 22 t.; construct גְּדוֺל Ezek 17:3; Ezek 17:7; Jer 32:19, גְּדָלֿ Prov 19:19, גְּדָו֯לֿ Ps 145:8; Nah 1:3 suffix גְּדוֺלָם Jer 6:13 + 2 t.; plural גְּדוֺלִים Exod 7:4 + 11 t., גְּדֹלִים Gen 12:17 + 22 t.; construct גְּדֹלֵי 2Kgs 10:6 suffix גְּדֹלָיו 2Kgs 10:11; Jonah 3:7 גְּדוֺלֶיהָNah 3:10 feminine גְּדוֺלָה Num 22:18 + 96 t.; גְּדֹלָה Gen 15:12 + 31 t.; plural גְּדוֺלֹת Neh 9:26; Neh 12:31, גְּדֹלוֺת Deut 27:2 + 30 t., גְּדֹלֹת Num 13:28 + 7 t.; — great,

1. in magnitude and extent, e.g. sea Num 34:6, river Gen 15:18, wilderness Deut 1:19, rain 1Kgs 18:45, mountain Zech 4:7, city Gen 10:12, house Jer 52:13, altar Josh 22:10, throne 2Chr 9:17, sea-monsters Gen 1:21, fish Jonah 2:1, eagle Ezek 17:3, terebinth 2Sam 18:9, substance Gen 15:14, wealth Dan 11:2, victory 1Sam 19:5; 1Sam 19:22 בּוֺר הַגָּדוֺל read הַגֹּרֶן ׳ב according to ᵐ5 We Dr.

2. in number, e.g. nation Gen 12:2, congregation Jer 31:8, camp 1Chr 12:22, army Ezek 17:17, sacrifice 2Kgs 10:19, slaughter Deut 28:59; 1Sam 4:17.

3. in intensity, fear Deut 4:34, weeping Isa 38:3, power כּחַ Exod 32:11, joy Jonah 4:6, anger Deut 29:23, indignation Jer 21:5, sin Gen 20:9, iniquity Gen 4:13, evil Gen 39:9, trespass Ezek 9:7.

4. in sound, loud voice Gen 39:14, cry Exod 11:6, shout Josh 6:5.

5. in age, elder, eldest, son Gen 27:1, daughter Gen 29:16, brother Gen 10:21, sister Ezek 16:46.

6. in importance,
a. things (הַ)דָּבָר (הַ)גָּדֹל an important thing or affair Exod 18:22; Deut 4:32; 1Sam 12:16; 2Kgs 5:12; 2Kgs 8:13 יום יהוה Jer 30:7; Hos 2:2; Joel 2:11; Joel 3:4; Zeph 1:14; Mal 3:23.
b. of men, great, distinguished, Moses Exod 11:3, David 2Sam 5:10, Job Job 1:3, Mordecai Esth 9:4, kings Eccl 9:14; Jer 27:7 especially of king of Assyr. הַמֶּלֶךְ הַגָּדוֺל 2Kgs 18:19; 2Kgs 18:28 = Isa 36:4; Isa 36:18, = Assyrian šarru rabbu, šarru dannu, e.g. KB^{i. 94, 1. 1}; הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֺל the h.p. Lev 21:10 + 20 t.; (הָ)אִישׁ גָּדוֺל 1Sam 25:2; 2Sam 19:33; 2Kgs 5:1 אִשָּׁה גְדוֺלָה 2Kgs 4:8 גָּדוֺל a great man 2Sam 3:38; Mic 7:3 לֹא תֶהְדַּר פְּנֵי גָדוֺל thou shalt not honour (favour) the person of a great man (opposed to דָּל) Lev 19:15 (H); (הַ)גְּדוֺלִים the great 2Sam 7:9 = 1Chr 17:8; Neh 11:14 (see below) Prov 18:16; Prov 25:6; Jer 5:5 (2Kgs 10:11 ᵐ5^L ἀγχιστεύοντας, Klo גֹּאֲלָיו); further גְּדֹלֵי הָעִיר 2Kgs 10:6 (כָּלֿ)גְּדֹלָיו 2Kgs 10:11; Jonah 3:7 כָּלֿ גְּדוֺלֶיהָ Nah 3:10.
c. of God, himself 2Chr 2:4; Neh 4:8; Neh 8:6; Ps 86:10; Ps 99:2; Ps 135:5; Ps 147:5; Isa 12:6; Jer 10:6 (הָ)אֵל (הַ)גָּדוֺל Deut 7:21; Deut 10:17; Neh 1:5; Neh 9:32; Ps 77:14; Ps 95:3; Jer 32:18; Dan 9:4 גדול מכל האלהים Exod 18:11 גדול ומהלל מאד 1Chr 16:25; Ps 48:2; Ps 96:4; Ps 145:3 מלך גדול Ps 47:3; Ps 95:3; Mal 1:14 his works Deut 11:7; Judg 2:7; Ps 111:2, glory Ps 21:6; Ps 138:5, name Josh 7:9; 1Sam 12:22; 1Kgs 8:42; 2Chr 6:32; Ps 76:2; Ps 99:3; Jer 10:6; Jer 44:26; Ezek 36:23; Mal 1:11 (twice in verse), mercy 1Kgs 3:6; 2Chr 1:8; Ps 57:11; Ps 86:13; Ps 108:5, goodness Neh 9:25, compassion Isa 54:7.

7. in phrases עוֺד הַיּוֺם גָּדוֺל it is yet high day (French grand jour, German hoch am Tage, the day is at its height) Gen 29:7 כַּקָּטֹן כַּגָּדֹל (or reverse) as well small as great Deut 1:17; 1Chr 25:8; 1Chr 26:13; 2Chr 31:15 (לְ)מִקָּטֹן וְעַד גָּדוֺל (or reverse) from small to great Gen 19:11; 1Sam 5:9; 1Sam 30:2; 1Sam 30:19; 2Kgs 23:2; 2Kgs 25:26; 2Chr 15:13; 2Chr 34:30; Esth 1:5; Esth 1:20; Jer 6:13; Jer 8:10; Jer 31:34; Jer 42:1; Jer 42:8; Jer 44:12; Jonah 3:5.

8. construct גְּדֹל (הַ)כְּנָפַיִם great of wings Ezek 17:8; Ezek 17:7, so of anger Prov 19:19 (Qr); usually of God, in power Nah 1:3, counsel Jer 32:19, mercy Ps 145:8.

9. as substantive concrete עשׂה גדלות do great things, of God's great acts of redemption and judgement Deut 10:21; Job 5:9; Job 9:10; Job 37:5; Ps 71:19; Ps 106:21 of the miracles of Elisha 2Kgs 8:4 of things too great and so presumptuous, haughty ׳תבקשׁ ג Jer 45:5 ׳מדברת גPs 12:4 לא ׳הלכתי בג Ps 131:1 (compare Biblical Aramaic Dan 7:8; Dan 7:11; Dan 7:20 also Rev 13:5).

10. as substantive neuter greatness of arm Exod 15:16 compare גָּבֹהַּ

4.

great, high, greater, loud, greatest, …

gādôl

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

(adj) great

large (in magnitude and extent)

important things

מִ מִּצְרָֽיִם

מִ

Prefix — preposition from, out of

מִּצְרָֽיִם

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Out of egypt")

Dictionary form: מִצְרַיִם · mits-ra-YIM

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: out of egypt

of egypt ×350 out of egypt ×54 egypt ×44 in egypt ×43 into egypt ×38 the egyptians ×32 of the egyptians ×22 to egypt ×14

More options

Egypt — Standard modern name for the country; most broadly useful.

the Egyptians — Use when the lemma refers to the people collectively.

Egyptian — Adjectival or singular use; e.g. 'an Egyptian man.'

Mizraim — Retain as proper name when referring to Noah's grandson (Gen 10).

BDB4785 H4714

מִצְרַ֫יִם₆₈₁ proper name, of a territory and people, feminine^{Exod 10:7}, masculine^{Exod 12:33}, masculine plural^{Gen 41:55} etc. (see below

2.), Egypt, Egyptians (Phoenician מצרם; Assyrian Mªƒªr(u), Muƒru, Miƒir, Dl^{Par 308} Schr^{COT Glossary KGF 246 ff.}, Tel Amarna Miƒrî, Wkl^{TA 39 *} Bez^{BM 152, and} Mašrî Wkl^l.c.; Arabic Cairo, Egypt (Spiro): Minean Miƒru Hom^{A and A. (1892), 125}; see Eb^{ÄgM 71 ff.}; ᵐ5 Αιγυπτος; — derivatives and form dubious; יִַ֯ם usually regarded as dual term. (Upper and Lower Egypt? compare Di^{Gen 10:6}), but as locative ending EMey^{Geschichte. I, § 42} Ba^{NB p. 319 R. 5}; Jen^{ZA iv (1889), 268 ff.} thinks מִצְרַיִם absolute formed by analogy of מַיִם, שָׁמַיִם from Miƒrî (compare Tel Amarna); see further Wkl^{infra, near the end}); — ׳מ Gen 13:1 +; מִצְרָ֑יִם Gen 37:36 +; מִצְרַיְמָה Gen 12:10 + 12 t., מִצְרָ֑יְמָה Gen 12:11 + 14 t.; —

1. a. of land, Egypt Gen 13:1 + 500 t., +, in all periods, including ׳אֶרֶץ מ Gen 13:10 + approximately 220 t. (of course feminine, Gen 47:6; Gen 47:13); ׳אַדְמַת מ the soil of Egypt Gen 47:20; Gen 47:26 ׳מֵימֵי מ Exod 7:19; Exod 8:2 ׳נְהַר מ Gen 15:18 ׳יְאֹר מ Amos 8:8; Amos 9:5 ׳יְאֹרֵי מ Isa 7:18 (compare מָצוֺר); ׳שִׁיחוֺר מ 1Chr 13:5 לְשׁוֺן ׳יָםמֿ Isa 11:15 ׳נַחַל מ Josh 15:4 + 6 t. (see these various words); land as productive Gen 45:20; Gen 49:23, compare ׳שֵׁשׁ בְּרִקְמָה מִמּ Ezek 27:7, ׳אֵטוּן מ Prov 7:16 often || בּוּשׁ, especially in prophets and poetry Isa 20:3; Isa 20:4; Isa 20:5; Isa 45:14; Ezek 30:4; Ezek 30:9 +; || אַשּׁוּר Hos 11:11; Hos 12:1; Isa 7:18; Jer 2:18 +; including Upper Egypt (פַּתְרוֺם), as well as Lower, Jer 44:1, compare Ezek 29:10; Ezek 30:6 apparently distinguished from Upper Egypt Isa 11:11, and possibly also Jer 44:15 (compare Gf Gie Buhl SS Che^{Hpt Isaiah}); but פתרוס etc. in these verses somewhat dubious (compare B. Du Gie).
b. combinations are: (1)׳מ as limit of motion: יָדַד מצרימ(הׅ Gen 43:15; Josh 24:4 + approximately 12 t.; ׳בּוֺא מ 1Sam 12:8 + approximately 26 t., ׳בוא בְמ Isa 19:23, ׳בוא לְמ Jer 44:28 ׳שׁוּב מ Hos 8:3 + 9 t., ׳שׁוּב אֶלמֿ Hos 11:5, שׁוּב ׳לְאַרְצוֺ מ Jer 37:7 ׳בָּרַח מ 1Kgs 11:40 ׳שָׁלַח מ Jer 26:22, so ( + אֶלֿ) vJer 26:22. In Jer 42:16b read ׳בְּמ with Gie. (2) ׳מ as point of departure (הֶעֱלָה) ׳עָלָה מִןֿ(ארץ) מ Gen 13:1 + approximately 43 t.; יָצָא (הוֺצִיא) ׳מִןֿ(ארץ) מ Exod 12:39 + approximately 96 t.; ׳פָּדָה מִמּ 2Sam 7:23 (but strike out Gei^{Urschr. 288} We Dr Kit Bu) = 1Chr 17:21 ׳בּוֺא מִמּ 2Chr 12:3; 2Chr 20:10 ׳שׁוּב מִמּ Jer 44:28; 2Chr 10:2 ׳אָתָה מִמּ Ps 68:32 ׳קָרָא מִמּ Hos 11:1. 2. of people: a. in table of nations, personified as second son of Ham Gen 10:6 = 1Chr 1:8, compare Gen 10:13 = 1Chr 1:11.
b. = Egypt (as a people), Egyptians Gen 41:56 + approximately 134 t., including use = Egyptian Kingdom, empire, i.e. land and people as political power; so with verb feminine singular ׳אָֽבְדָה מ Exod 10:7, compare Hos 9:6; Joel 4:19 and (pronoun feminine singular) Ezek 30:18 with verb masculine singular Exod 12:33; Exod 14:25; Isa 19:16; Isa 19:23; Isa 19:25; Jer 46:8 often with verb masculine plural Gen 41:55; Isa 19:21; Isa 19:23 + 22 t.; ׳בִּנֵי מ Ezek 16:26 ׳בְּתוּלַת בַּת מ Jer 46:11, compare vJer 46:19 vJer 46:24. — In 1Kgs 10:28 = 2Chr 1:16; 2Chr 1:17; 2Kgs 7:6 Wkl^{Alttest. Unters. 171 f.} thinks of Assyrian Muƒri in North Syria. (On מִצְרַיִם as often = Muƒri in North Arabia see Wkl^{Altor. Unters. i. 24 ff., ii. 195, iii. 289; iv. 337 f; MVG 1898, 1.4}).

egypt, egyptians, mizraim, egyptian

miṣrayim

land of the Copts (Egyptians), double straits

Mitsrajim, i.e., Upper and Lower Egypt

(n pr loc) a country at the northeastern section of Africa, adjacent to Palestine, and through which the Nile flows

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H8478

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Grammar C

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3588

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Grammar Vqp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H157

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Grammar To

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

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Grammar Ncmpc/Sp2ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1

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Grammar C/Vqw3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H977

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Grammar R/Ncmsc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2233

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Grammar R/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H310

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Grammar C/Vhw3ms/Sp2ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3318

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Grammar R/Ncbpc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6440

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Grammar R/Ncmsc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3581

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Grammar Td/Aamsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1419

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Grammar R/Np

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