Ecclesiastes 10:8

חֹפֵ֥ר גּוּמָּ֖ץ בּ֣וֹ יִפּ֑וֹל וּפֹרֵ֥ץ גָּדֵ֖ר יִשְּׁכֶ֥נּוּ נָחָֽשׁ
He that diggeth a pit shall fall into it; and whoso breaketh an hedge, a serpent shall bite him.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

חֹפֵ֥ר
חֹפֵ֥ר
Root word digged, out, dig, paweth, seeketh, …
Dictionary form: חָפַר · haw-PAHR

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: he that diggeth
and digged ×4 digged ×2 they had digged ×2 to search out ×2 and dig ×1 and they digged ×1 and they shall search out ×1 digged and ×1
More options
dig — Core, everyday sense; most broadly applicable rendering.
excavate — Formal register; suits large-scale or deliberate digging.
burrow — Implies tunneling or animal-like digging into the ground.
search out — Figurative sense; use when meaning is to probe or investigate.
hollow out — Emphasizes the cavity created by digging.
paw — Animal behavior only, e.g. a horse pawing the ground.

BDB3012 H2658

BDB3011 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3013

I. חָפַר verb dig, search for (Arabic id.; Aramaic חֲפַר, , id.; Late Hebrew חֵפֶר act of digging) —

Qal Perfect ׳ח Job 39:29 וְחָפַרְתָּ֫ Job 11:18 וְחָפַרְתָּ֫ה Deut 23:14 חָפַרְתִּי Gen 21:30 חָֽפְרוּ Gen 26:18 + 2 t.; חָפָ֑רוּ Gen 26:32 חֲפָרוּהָ Num 21:18 Imperfect וַיַּחְפֹּר Gen 26:18; Gen 26:22 וַיַּחְפְּרֵהוּ Ps 7:16 וָאֶחְפֹּר Jer 13:7 יַחְפְּרוּ Job Job 39:21 (but read יַחְפֹּר so ᵐ5 ᵑ9 ᵑ6 Di) Deut 1:22 וַיַּחְפְּרוּ Gen 26:19 + 2 t.; וַיַּחְפְּרֻהוּ Job 3:21 Infinitive construct לַחְפֹּר Josh 2:2; Josh 2:3 + Isa 2:20 (compare below); Participle חֹפֵר Eccl 10:8 —
1. dig:
  a. a well, with accusative בְּאֵר Gen 21:30 (E), Gen 26:15; Gen 26:18 (twice in verse); Gen 26:19; Gen 26:21; Gen 26:22; Gen 26:32 (J), Num 21:18 (E); compare Exod 7:24 (E); dig (a hole, implied as object) Deut 23:14 a pit, with hostile purpose, as snare or trap, figurative of malicious plan, with accusative בּוֺר Ps 7:16 (|| כָּרָה); so with accusative גומץ Eccl 10:8, compare [שַׁחַת] לְנַפְשִׁי ׳ח Ps 35:7 of horse, dig, i.e. paw the ground, יַחְפֹּר בָּעֵמֶק Job 39:21 (so read, see above) he paweth in the valley (compare Arabic hoof).
  b. dig for something hidden, with accusative Job 3:21 (figurative of longing for death), Jer 13:7 (no object expressed)
2. search, search out, explore, with accusative הָאָרֶץ Josh 2:3 (twice in verse) (JE), Deut 1:22 of eagle, search for food, with accusative אֹכֶל ׳ח Job 39:29, with especially reference to keen vision (|| מֵרָחוֺק עֵינָיו יַבִּיטוּ); so = search or look carefully about before going to rest Job 11:18 (no object). — לַחְפֹּר Isa 2:20 see חֲפַרְפָּרָה below

digged, out, dig, paweth, seeketh, …
ḥāpar
properly, to pry into; by implication, to delve, to explore
  • to dig, search for
    • (Qal)
      • to dig
        • "to search, search out, explore

גּוּמָּ֖ץ
גּוּמָּ֖ץ
Root word pit
Dictionary form: גּוּמָּץ · ɡoom-MAWTS

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: a pit
a pit ×1
More options
pit — Most natural, direct equivalent; broadly understood.
trap pit — Highlights deliberate, snare-like function of the hole.
pitfall — Idiomatic; implies a hidden or dangerous excavation.
hole — Simple and colloquial; less specific in depth or danger.

BDB1691 H1475

BDB1690 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1692

גּוּמָּץ noun masculine pit (Aramaic loan-word, compare גּוּמְצָא, ; Late Hebrew גּוּמָּצָא compare BaNB 66, Anm.I), Eccl 10:8 חֹפֵר בּוֺ יִפּ֑וֺל ׳ג he that diggeth a pit shall fall in to it; so also Prov 26:27 ᵑ7 ᵑ6 where HCT כֹּרֶה שַׁחַת .

pit
gûmmāṣ
a pit
  • pit

בּ ֣וֹ
בּ
Preposition in, at, by, with
֣וֹ
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Preposition

it ×144 him ×95 them ×83 thee ×59 me ×53 unto him ×35 you ×28 he ×22

יִפּ֑וֹל
יִפּ֑וֹל
Root word fall, fell, fallen, down, cast, …
Dictionary form: נָפַל · naw-PAHL

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: shall fall
shall fall ×42 fell ×33 fall ×27 fallen ×16 and fell ×15 and fall ×14 is fallen ×11 are fallen ×8
More options
fall — Core, neutral rendering; works in most contexts.
collapse — Prefer when sudden or total structural/physical failure implied.
drop — Good for quick, uncontrolled downward motion.
be defeated — Use when military overthrow or conquest is the sense.
perish — Fits contexts of death or destruction of people or nations.
cast down — Suitable for deliberate or forceful throwing to the ground.

BDB5297 H5307

BDB5296 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5298

נָפַל433 verb fall, lie (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew, ᵑ7 נְפַל, Syriac ; compare also Arabic dedit praedam (NöZMG xl (1886), 725 Frä153 f.), Minaean נפל remove HomSudar. Chrest. 128); —

Qal366 Perfect ׳נ Judg 5:27 +, 3 feminine singular נָָֽפְלָה Gen 15:12 +, etc.; Imperfect יִפֹּל 1Sam 14:45 +, וַיִּפֹּל Judg 4:16 +; 1 singular אֶפֹּל 1Chr 21:13 (needless change from 1 plural נִפְּלָה || 2Sam 24:14 We Dr); 3 masculine plural יִפְּלוּ Hos 7:16 +, יִפֹּ֑לוּ Isa 3:25 +, 3 feminine plural תִּפֹּ֫לְנָה Ezek 13:11; Ezek 30:25, etc.; Imperative masculine plural נִפְלוּ Hos 10:8; Jer 25:27 Infinitive absolute נָפוֺל Esth 6:13 construct נְפֹל Isa 30:25 +; לִנְפֹּל Jer 51:49 +; suffix נָפְלוֺ 1Sam 29:3, נִפְלוֺ 2Sam 1:10, נִפְלָם Jer 49:21 (on these forms compare BaNB 104); Participle נֹפֵל Judg 4:22 +; feminine נֹפֶ֫לֶת Gen 15:12 +; plural נֹפְלִים Josh 8:25 + (insert also 1Sam 28:19b ᵐ5 Th We Dr Kit Bu HPS; Klo כֹּרְעִים), etc.; —
1. fall, by accident, שָֿׁ֫מָּה׳וְנ Exod 21:33 (E) and there fall into it (a pit) an ox or an ass, compare Deut 22:4 (בַּדֶּרֶךְ, on the way),bird עַלפַּֿח Amos 3:5 subject person, 1Sam 4:18 (from seat, מֵעַל), Deut 22:8 (twice in verse) (from roof, מִן); often into (ב) pit (usually figurative) Prov 26:27; Prov 28:10, also (absolute), Prov 22:14, Eccl 10:8; Ps 7:16; Ps 57:7 (בְּתוֺךְ), compare Ps 35:8; Ps 141:10 (net), also, with אֶל, Isa 24:18 = Jer 48:44 fall בְּלֵב יַמִּים Ezek 25:27 opposed to קוּם Jer 8:4 compare Eccl 4:10 (twice in verse); with אָחוֺר fall backward Gen 49:17 (poem); with בְּעַד through 2Kgs 1:2 compare (of locusts) Joel 2:8 עַלחֶֿרֶב ׳נ causing death 1Sam 31:4; 1Sam 31:5 = 1Chr 10:4; 1Chr 10:5 עַלפָּֿנָיו אַ֫רְצָה ׳נ 1Sam 17:49 (Goliath); subject thing, 2Kgs 2:13; 2Kgs 2:14 (מֵעַל), 2Kgs 6:5 (אֶלֿ into water), v2Kgs 6:6 (absolute); with עַל Lev 11:32; Lev 11:35; Lev 11:37; Lev 11:38, אֶלֿ vLev 11:33 absolute of tent Judg 7:13 + vJudg 7:13 (gloss, GFM, Bu); of wall Josh 6:5 (JE), Jer 51:44, figurative Ezek 13:11 (strike out ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Sm Co Berthol), vEzek 13:12 vEzek 13:14, לְאֶרֶץ Ezek 38:20 + תַּחְתֶּיהָ i.e. flat Josh 6:20 ׳נ of bricks Isa 9:9 (in figurative), פֶּרֶץ Isa 30:13 towes vIsa 30:25, foundations Jer 50:15 wall fell upon (על) 1Kgs 20:30, so of house Judg 16:30; Job 1:19, mountains Hos 10:8 mountain also absolute Job 14:18 (compare נָבֵל), height Ezek 38:20 tree Eccl 11:3 (twice in verse) (ב location), compare Isa 10:34 (בְ instrumental, in figure), Zech 11:2 (absolute); branches Ezek 31:12 (figurative); a grain Amos 9:9 (אֶרֶץ = to earth); of dew 2Sam 17:12 (with על), hailstones Ezek 13:11 blood (אַ֫רְצָה) 1Sam 26:20 hair of head (ארצה) 1Sam 14:45; 2Sam 14:11; 1Kgs 1:52 horns of altar Amos 3:14 (לָאָרֶץ); peg Isa 22:25 fruit עַלפֶּֿה Nah 3:12 crown Lam 5:16 arm from (מִן) shoulder Job 31:22 of sword (apparently) 2Sam 20:8 (but on text see Commentaries); fire from heaven, absolute 1Kgs 18:38 with מִן Job 1:16 ; hand of ׳י Ezek 8:1 (with עַלֿ; but read וַתְּהִי ᵐ5 Co Berthol); spirit of ׳י Ezek 11:5 (עַלֿ); of lot (גּוֺרָל) Ezek 24:6; Jonah 1:7 (both with עַל), 1Chr 26:14 (with לְ; || יָצָא), + Esth 3:7 ᵐ5 Ry Wild (עַל); compare Hiph`il 3; hence (of share, inheritance) fall, be allotted, to (לְ) Judg 18:1 (ב = as: בְּ 17 c; so Num 34:2; Ezek 47:14), Ps 16:6, absolute Josh 17:5. — On Ezek 47:22b see
Hiph`il 3.
2. a. Especially of violent death (c. 96 t.), Judg 5:27 (3 t. in verse) (+ שָׁדוּד), 1Sam 4:10; 1Sam 14:13; 2Sam 11:17; 2Sam 21:9; 1Kgs 22:20 = 2Chr 18:9, etc.; + וַיָּמָת, etc.; 2Sam 1:4; 2Sam 2:23 (twice in verse); חָלָל ׳נ fall pierced (fatally) Judg 9:40; 1Sam 17:52; 1Sam 31:1 = 1Chr 10:1 +; חַלְלֵי חֶרֶב Ezek 35:8 compare בְּתוֺח חֲלָלִים Ezek 32:20 תַּחַת הֲרוּגִים ׳נ Isa 10:4 פְּגָרִים ׳נ corpses fall Jer 9:21; Num 14:29 (P), vNum 14:32 (JE); by the sword, בַּחֶרֶב Amos 7:17; Hos 7:16; Hos 14:1; Isa 3:25; 2Sam 1:12; Ezek 5:12; Ezek 6:11; Num 14:3; Num 14:43 (JE), (+ בָּרָעָב, בַּדֶּבֶר), etc.; לְפִי חֶרֶב ׳נ Josh 8:24 (JE), Judg 4:16 ; בְּיַד by the hand of 2Sam 21:22; 2Sam 24:14 (twice in verse) = 1Chr 21:13 (twice in verse), 1Chr 5:10; 1Chr 20:8 ; תַּחַת רגליִ ׳נ fall under my feet 2Sam 22:39 = Ps 18:39.
  b. figurative = go to ruin, perish, etc. (c. 30 t.); Amos 5:2; Amos 8:14 +; often || כָּשַׁל Isa 3:8; Isa 8:15 (+ other words), Isa 31:3; Jer 8:12; Jer 46:12; Jer 50:32; Ps 27:2; Prov 24:17 || כָּרַע Ps 20:9 figurative of earth Isa 24:20 (opposed to קוּם), Haman falls before (לִפְנֵי) Mordecai Esth 6:13 (twice in verse); compare Isa 14:12 (absolute); peculiar to Prov are בְּרִשְׁעָה ׳נ Prov 11:5, בְּרַע Prov 13:17, בְּרָעָה Prov 17:20; Prov 28:14.
  c. figurative = experience calamity Mic 7:8 (opposed to קוּם), Ps 37:34; Ps 145:14; Prov 24:16.
  d. fall, of a city Jer 51:8 (|| וַתִּשָּׁבֵר).
3. a. Fall prostrate, Judg 19:26; Judg 19:27, + אַ֫רְצָה Job 1:20 fall at full length (in a faint) וַיִּפֹּל מְלֹאֿ קוֺמָתוֺ 1Sam 28:20 sink down Num 24:4; Num 24:16 (J E; supernatural influence); of arms of Pharaoh Ezek 30:25 (opposed to חָזַק).
  b. fall = prostrate oneself before (לִפְנֵי) man Gen 50:18 (E), 2Sam 19:19; Gen 44:14 (J; + אַ֫רְצָה); before ׳י 2Chr 20:18 אֶלפָּֿנָיו אַ֫רְצָה ׳נ before ׳י or his representative Josh 5:14; Josh 7:6 (both J E); also (ארצה omitted) Ezek 43:3; Ezek 44:4 before man 2Sam 14:22 more often עַלפָּֿנָיו ׳נ, before man 2Sam 9:6; 1Kgs 18:7; 1Kgs 18:39; Ruth 2:10, before ׳י Gen 17:3; Gen 17:17 + 6 t. P, Ezek 3:23; Ezek 9:8; Ezek 11:13; 1Chr 21:16; Dan 8:17 + אַ֫רְפָה, before man 2Sam 14:4, before ׳י Judg 13:20 לְאַפָּיו אַ֫רְצָה 1Sam 20:41, לְאַפֵּי דָוִד עַלפָּֿנֶיהָ 1Sam 25:23, ארצה ׳נ 2Sam 1:2 (all before man); עַלרַֿגְלָיו ׳נ fall at one's feet 1Sam 25:24; 2Kgs 4:37, ׳לִפְנֵי ר Esth 8:3. See synonym below קדד.
  c. fall upon (עַל) one's neck, in embrace Gen 33:4; Gen 46:29 (both J), Gen 45:14 (E), עַלפְּֿנֵי אָבִיו Gen 50:1 (J).
4. a. Fall upon (עַל) = attack Jer 48:32 (figurative), compare Isa 16:9 with בְּ Josh 11:7 (D), absolute Job 1:15 אִישׁ אֶלרֵֿעֵהוּ ׳נ Jer 46:16.
  b. desert or fall away to, go over to, with עַלֿ 2Kgs 25:11 (twice in verse) = Jer 52:15 (twice in verse), Jer 21:9; Jer 37:14; Jer 39:9; 1Chr 12:20; 1Chr 12:21 (twice in verse) (van d. H. v.1Chr 12:19 v.1Chr 12:20 v.1Chr 12:20), 2Chr 15:9, with אֶלֿ 2Kgs 7:4; Jer 37:13; Jer 38:19, absolute 1Sam 29:3; Jer 39:9.
  c. בְּיַד ׳נ fall into the hand (power) of Judg 15:18; Lam 1:7: — compare also
2. a. above
5. Figurative, of deep sleep, with עַל Gen 15:12 (J), 1Sam 26:12; Job 4:13; Job 33:15 face, countenance (in displeasure) Gen 4:5; Gen 4:6 (J); לֵב אָדָם עָלָיו ׳נ 1Sam 17:32 (of sinking heart); וַיִּפְּלוּ בְעֵינֵיהֶם) Neh 6:16 and they were cast down in their (own) eyes (compare BeRy, Ryle); of calamity followed by עַלֿ Isa 47:11; Eccl 9:12 terror, etc., followed by עַלֿ Gen 15:12 (J), Josh 2:9 (JE), Exod 15:16 (song), 1Sam 11:7; Job 13:11; Ps 55:5; Ps 105:38; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:2; Esth 9:3; Dan 10:7 reproach, followed by עַלֿ Ps 69:10 = fail to be accomplished Josh 21:43; Josh 23:14 (twice in verse) (all D), 1Kgs 8:56; 2Kgs 10:10 (+ אַ֫רְצָה); = not to be reckoned Num 6:12 (P); of word (דָּבָר) falling into (ב) Israel Isa 9:7 = fall out, turn out, result Ruth 3:18 (subject דָּבָר).
6. Other idiomatic uses are: לְמִשְׁכָּב ׳נ take to one's bed Exod 21:18 (E); settle Gen 25:18 (J); = alight quickly, מֵעַל הַגָּמָל Gen 24:64 (J), מֵעַל הַמֶּרְכָּבָה 2Kgs 5:21 waste away Num 5:21; Num 5:22; Num 5:27 = be born Isa 26:18 (compare Hiph`il vIsa 26:19); = be offered, of supplication (׳לִפְנֵי י) Jer 36:7; Jer 37:20; Jer 42:2 (compare Hiph`il 6); with מִן = be inferior to Job 12:3; Job 13:2.
7. = lie, of Midianites, etc. (like locusts; ב location) Judg 9:12 = lie prostrate, 1Sam 19:24 usually participle Josh 7:10 (J E; עַלפָּֿנֶיךָ), 1Sam 5:3; 1Sam 5:4 (לְפָנָיו), Amos 9:11, עַלהַֿמִּטָּה Esth 7:8 of the dead 1Sam 31:8 = 1Chr 10:8; Deut 21:1; Ezek 32:27 (Co conjecture נְפִילִים [compare Gen 6:4], see also Berthol ToyHpt); נֹפֵל אַ֫רְצָה מֵת Judg 3:25 compare Judg 4:22 (omit ארצה); אַ֫רְצָה ׳פְּגָרִים נ 2Chr 20:24 compare also Ezek 32:22; Ezek 32:23; Ezek 32:24 (strike out in vEzek 32:22 Hi Co Berthol, in vEzek 32:23 ToyHpt). Hiph`il Perfect הִפִּיל 1Sam 3:19 +; 2 masculine singular suffix הִפַּלְתָּם Ps 73:18 3 plural הִפִּילוּ Judg 2:19 +; 1 plural הִפַּלְנוּ Neh 10:35, etc.; Imperfect יַפִּיל Exod 21:27, וַיַּפֵּל Gen 2:21 +, suffix יַפִּלֵם Ps 140:11 3 masculine plural יַפִּילוּ 2Kgs 3:25; Ps 22:19, יַפִּיל֑וּן Job 29:24, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַפִּלֶהָ Josh 13:6 masculine plural הַפִּילוּ 1Sam 14:42 Infinitive construct לְהַפִּיל 1Sam 18:25 +; לַנְפִּל Num 5:22 read לִנְפֹּל (Di Ol§ 78 c Sta§ 114 a, 2 Köi. 309 Ges«GKC:66»§ 66, 2 R 1); Participle מַפִּיל 2Kgs 6:5 + 2 t., plural מַפִּילִים Dan 9:18 —
1. cause to fall, with accusative, literally:
  a. fell tree 2Kgs 3:19; 2Kgs 3:25 compare 2Kgs 6:5.
  b. throw down wall 2Sam 20:15.
  c. knock out tooth Exod 21:27 (E).
  d. lay prostrate Deut 25:2 (for bastinado).
  e. cast (cedar pillars) into (עַלֿ) fire Jer 22:7 so (with ב), wicked men Ps 140:11. feminine make sword drop from (מִן) hand Ezek 30:22 (figurative), compare Ezek 39:3.
  g. cause stone to fall עַל Num 35:23, flesh Ps 78:28 (בְּקֶרֶב), stars Dan 8:10 (in vision).
2. Of causing death בַּחֶרֶב 2Kgs 19:7 = Isa 37:7; Jer 19:7; Ezek 32:12 (all ׳י subject), 2Chr 32:21 (human subject); בְּיַד 1Sam 18:25 + חֲלָלִים Ezek 6:4; Prov 7:26 also Ps 106:26; Dan 11:12 = overthrow, bring to destruction, Ps 37:14; Ps 73:18 (with ל), Ps 106:27.
3. Especially of casting lot (גּוֺרָל), Isa 34:17 (with לְ for), Neh 10:35 (with עַל + infinitive), Neh 11:1 (c. infinitive), 1Chr 26:14 (with לְ; so read KitHpt compare ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Be Öttli), Ps 22:19 (with עַל), Esth 9:24 (c. infinitive); absolute Jonah 1:7 (twice in verse); 1Chr 24:31; 1Chr 25:8; 1Chr 26:13; Esth 3:7 + בְּתוֺכֵנוּ Prov 1:14 (i.e. share with us); omitted גּוֺרָל 1Sam 14:32 (with בֵּין), Job 6:27 (with עַל); hence ׳הִפּ = assign, apportion, by lot, usually with לְ person, Josh 13:6; Josh 23:4 (both D), Ezek 45:1; Ezek 47:22 a = vEzek 47:22 b (read יַפִּילוּ ᵑ9 ᵑ7 Hi-Sm Co Berthol), Ezek 48:29 (read בְנַחֲלָה for ׳מנ ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Hi-Sm, etc.), Ps 78:55 (compare Qal 1 end; and בְּ 17 c).
4. Figurative, let drop, cause to fail (cf Qal 5), Judg 2:19; Esth 6:10, + אַ֫רְצָה 1Sam 3:19.
5. Cause deep sleep to fall (עַלֿ) Gen 2:21 (J), Prov 19:15 (absolute), make countenance fall, look displeased at (ב), Jer 3:12, compare Job 29:24 (object אוֺר פָּנַי); cause terror, etc., to fall (עַלֿ) Jer 15:8.
6. Other idioms are: bring to life (properly drop young) Isa 26:19 (figurative); present supplication Jer 38:26; Jer 42:9; Dan 9:18; Dan 9:20 (all with לִפְנֵי); — on both compare
Qal 6. Hithpa`el throw, or prostrate oneself,
1. Infinitive construct הִתְנַפֵּל throw himself upon (על) Gen 43:18 (J; i.e. attack).
2. Perfect 1 singular הִתְנַפָּ֑לְתִּי Deut 9:25 Imperfect 1 singular וָאֶתְנַפַּל Deut 9:18; Deut 9:25 Participle מִתְנַפֵּל Ezra 10:1 — prostrate oneself and lie prostrate, ׳לִפְנֵי י. —
Pil`el. וְנִפְלַל Ezek 28:23, read וְנָפַל Hi-Sm Co Berthol.

BDB9713 H5307 H5308

BDB9712 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9714

נְפַל verb fall (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳נ Dan 2:46 נְפַ֑ל Dan 4:28 3 masculine plural נְפַ֫לוּ Dan 3:23 + Dan 7:20 Kt (Qr 3 feminine plural נְפַ֫לָה, K§ 23, 2); Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִפֵּל (K§ 42) Dan 3:6 +; 2 masculine plural תִּפְּלוּן Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15 Participle plural נָֽפְלִין Dan 3:7 —
1. fall, עַלאַֿנְפּוֺהִי Dan 2:46 fall down and do homage Dan 3:5; Dan 3:6; Dan 3:7; Dan 3:10; Dan 3:11; Dan 3:15 ל location Dan 3:23 of voice, מִןשְֿׁמַיָּא Dan 4:28.
2. fall by violence Dan 7:20 (with קֳדָם).
3. יִפֵּל לָךְ Ezra 7:20 it shall fall to thee (thou shalt need) to give (compare Christian-Palestinian Aramaic, SchulthLex. 126 and ZAW xxii (1902), 163).

fall, fell, fallen, down, cast, …
nāpal
to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative)
  • to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
    • (Qal)
      • to fall
        • "to fall (of violent death)"to fall prostrate, prostrate oneself before"to fall upon, attack, desert, fall away to , go away to, fall into the hand of"to fall short, fail, fall out, turn out, result"to settle, waste away, be offered, be inferior to"to lie, lie prostrate
      (Hiphil)
      • to cause to fall, fell, throw down, knock out, lay prostrate
        • "to overthrow"to make the lot fall, assign by lot, apportion by lot"to let drop, cause to fail (figuratively)"to cause to fall
      (Hithpael)
      • to throw or prostrate oneself, throw oneself upon
        • "to lie prostrate, prostrate oneself
      (Pilel) to fall

וּ פֹרֵ֥ץ
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
פֹרֵ֥ץ
Root word down, forth, increased, out, abroad, …
Dictionary form: פָּרַץ · paw-RAHTS

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: into it and whoso breaketh
and brake down ×3 had made ×2 abroad ×1 also is broken down ×1 and break down ×1 and dispersed ×1 and he urged ×1 and increased ×1
More options
break through — Most versatile; fits sudden, forceful forward movement.
burst out — Emphasizes explosive, uncontained energy or growth.
break down — Best when a wall, barrier, or structure is demolished.
spread out — Prefer when the sense is expansion or dispersal.
breach — Nominal/verbal; highlights the resulting gap or rupture.
press forward — Suits contexts of urgent, unstoppable advance.

BDB6806 H6555

BDB6805 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6807

I. פָּרַץ verb break through (Late Hebrew id.; Jewish-Aramaic פְּרַץ id.; perhaps Assyrian parâƒu (see DlHWB); Arabic cut, slit, also hit); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular פָּרַץ 2Sam 5:20 +; 2 masculine singular suffix פְּרַצְתָּנוּ Ps 60:3, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִפְרֹץ Exod 1:12; Exod 19:22, יִרְְָץֿ v 24, זַיִּפְרֹץ Gen 30:30 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute פָּרֹץ Isa 5:5 construct פְּרֹץ 2Chr 31:5, פְּרוֺץ Eccl 3:3 Participle active פֹּרֵץ Mic 2:13; Eccl 10:8 passive feminine singular פָּרוּצָה 2Chr 32:5; Prov 25:28 masculine plural פְּרֻצִים Neh 4:1 + הֵם פָּרוּצִים Neh 2:13 Qr (> Kt המפרוצים ); — break through:
1. break or burst out, from womb Gen 38:29 (J; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb); from enclosure Mic 2:13.
2. break through, down (from without), with accusative גָּדֵר Isa 5:5; Ps 80:13; Ps 89:41; Eccl 10:8 חוֺמָה Neh 3:35; 2Chr 26:6, compare passive participle Neh 2:13; 2Chr 32:5 with בְּחוֺמָה = make a breach in 2Kgs 14:13 = 2Chr 25:23 עִיר פְּרוּצָה Prov 25:28 absolute, opposed to בָּנָה Eccl 3:3 הַפֹּרֵץ Mic 2:13 הַפְּרוּצִים Neh 4:1 the part broken down.
3. break into, with accusative ׳בֵּית י 2Chr 24:7.
4. break open, a mining shaft Job 28:4.
5. break up, break in pieces, with accusative מַעֲשֶׂיךָ 2Chr 20:37 (|| וַּיִּשָּֽׁבְרוּ אֳנִיּוֺת).
6. break put (violently) upon, of ׳י in sudden judgment, with accusative of person 2Sam 5:20 = 1Chr 14:11; Ps 60:3 c, ב person Exod 19:22; Exod 19:24 (J), I Chron Exod 15:13, so of plague Ps 106:29 of ׳י, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb פֶּרֶין + ב person 2Sam 6:8 = 1Chr 13:11 with accusative of congnate meaning with verb + suffix Job 16:14.
7. use violence absolute Hos 4:2.
8. break over [limits], increase, וַיִפְרֹץ לָרֹב Gen 30:30 (J), 1Chr 4:38 + ה locative Gen 28:14 (J); absolute Gen 30:43 (J), Exod 1:12 (J; + רָבָה), Hos 4:10; Isa 54:3, פָּרַץ בָּאָרֶץ Job 1:10.
9. burst open, intransitive, of wine-vats Prov 3:10 (with accusative of material תִּירוֺשׁ).
10. spread, i.e. become known, of הַדָּבָר 2Chr 31:5. — 1Chr 13:2 is probably corrupt, see Kau, who (after SS) conjectures נֶחֱרָצָה; ׳פ in 2Chr 11:23 is apparently distributive (with מִן partitive) but dubious. — 1Sam 28:23; 2Sam 13:25; 2Sam 13:27; 2Kgs 5:23 see פצר. Niph`al Participle אֵין חָזוֺן נִפְרָ֑ץ 1Sam 3:1 no vision spread abroad (i.e. general, or frequent, compare Qal 10; || הָיָה יָקָר ׳דְּבַר י, but text dubious. Pu`al Participle feminine מְפֹרָ֑צֶת Neh 1:3 (of wall). Hithpa`el Participle plural הַמִּתְפָּֽרְצִים 1Sam 25:10 slaves who break away, each from (מִפְּנֵי) his master.

down, forth, increased, out, abroad, …
pāraṣ
to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
  • to break through or down or over, burst, breach
    • (Qal)
      • to break or burst out (from womb or enclosure)
        • "to break through or down, make a breach in"to break into"to break open"to break up, break in pieces"to break out (violently) upon"to break over (limits), increase"to use violence"to burst open"to spread, distribute
      (Niphal) to be broken through"(Pual) to be broken down"(Hithpael) to break away

גָּדֵ֖ר
גָּדֵ֖ר
Root word wall, hedge, hedges, walls, fence
Dictionary form: גָּדֵר · ɡaw-DARE

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: an hedge
the hedge ×2 a wall ×1 an hedge ×1 and a wall ×1 and the wall ×1 fence ×1 her hedges ×1 that thy walls ×1
More options
wall — Best for solid stone or mud-brick barriers.
fence — Good for lighter or agricultural enclosures.
hedge — Prefer when a living plant barrier is implied.
barrier — Broader term; useful for metaphorical or unclear contexts.
enclosure — Emphasizes the enclosed space rather than the structure.
boundary — Highlights the marking of limits or territorial division.

BDB1520 H1444 H1447

BDB1519 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1521

גָּדֵר noun masculineEzek 42:7 wall (Late Hebrew גָּדֵר, Aramaic גָּדֵירָא, גְּדֵירָא, Arabic , , and more commonly enclosing-wall compare Hebrew גְּדוֺר below) — absolute גָּדֵר Num 22:24; Num 24:24 + 5 t. + Ps 62:4 (read גדרה compare below) + Ezek 13:5 (Co גדרת compare below); construct גָּדֶר Prov 24:31; Ezek 42:10 (Co strike out); suffix גְּדֵרוֺ Isa 5:5, גְּדֵרָהּ Hos 2:8 (compare Baer, note); plural suffix גְּדֵרַיִךְ Mic 7:11, גְּדֵרֶיהָ Ps 80:13 — wall, fence, bordering a road Num 2:24 (twice in verse) compare Eccl 10:8 connected with Ezekiel's temple Ezek 42:7 city wall Mic 7:11 compare Ezra 9:9 figurative of Yahweh's vineyard Isa 5:5; Ps 80:13 of fortunes of Israel Ezek 22:30 so also Ezek 13:5 (Co גְּדֶרֶת compareגְּדֵרָה); of hindrance in path of Israel (figurative as woman) Hos 2:8 of man beset by enemies Ps 62:4 (׳ג הַדְּחוּיָה, but read ׳גְּדֵרָה ד Ol De etc.)

wall, hedge, hedges, walls, fence
gādēr
a circumvallation; by implication, an inclosure
  • fence, wall

יִשְּׁכֶ ֥נּוּ
יִשְּׁכֶ
Root word bite, usury, bit, biteth, bitten
֥נּוּ
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it
Dictionary form: נָשַׁךְ · naw-SHAHK

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: shall bite him
lend upon usury thou shalt ×2 and he shall bite them ×1 and they bit ×1 and they shall bite ×1 bit him ×1 had bitten ×1 is lent upon usury ×1 it biteth ×1
More options
bite — Core literal sense; vivid and universally understood.
charge interest — Preferred for financial/legal contexts involving loans.
sting — Slightly more intense; suits serpents or sharp pain imagery.
nip — Softer nuance; good for minor or sudden biting actions.
exploit with interest — Emphasizes the predatory economic dimension.

BDB5416 H5391

BDB5415 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5417

נָשַׁךְ verb bite (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew, but also transposed נְכַשׁ Hiph`il); Assyrian našâku DlHWB 486; ᵑ7 נְכֵית (especially of snakes); Syriac , ; Ethiopic Di642; BaZMG xliii (1889), 188 compare Arabic , undo threads, untwist rope, disintegrate, dissolve); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular נָשַׁךְ Num 21:9, suffix וּנְשָׁכוֺ consecutive Amos 5:19, וּנְשָׁכָם consecutive Amos 9:3 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשֹּׁךְ Eccl 10:11, יִשָּׁ֑ךְ Prov 23:32, suffix יִשְּׁכֶנּוּ Eccl 10:8 Participle active נשֵׁךְ Gen 49:17 plural נשְׁכִים Mic 3:5, suffix נשְׁכֶיךָ Hab 2:7 passive נָשׁוּךְ Num 21:8 — bite, chiefly of serpent, with accusative, Amos 5:19; Amos 9:3; Gen 49:17 (poem in J), Num 21:8 (passive participle, absolute), vNum 21:9, Eccl 10:8 also vEccl 10:11 (absolute), Prov 23:32 (simile of wine); figurative of prophets בְּשִׁנֵּיהֶם ׳הַנּ Mic 3:5 who are biting with their teeth, and crying, Peace! figurative of oppression, etc., נשְׁכֶיךָ Hab 2:7 (with play on sense thy debtors, those that give thee interest). Pi`el Perfect 3 plural וְנִשְּׁכוּ אֶתְכֶם Jer 8:17 and they shall bite you fatally (figurative); Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיְנַשְּׁכוּ אֶתהָֿעָם Num 21:5 and they bit the people fatally(both of serpents).

BDB5418 H5391

BDB5417 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5419

[נָשַׁךְ] verb denominative pay, give interest (compare GerberVerba denominative 89); —

Qal Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁ֑ךְ Deut 23:20 interest of anything off which one giveth interest (compare Dr). Hiph`il make one give interest; Imperfect 2 masculine singular תַּשִּׁיךְ Deut 23:20 ( + accusative of congnate meaning with verb) v.Deut 23:21 v.Deut 23:21, all with לְ person

bite, usury, bit, biteth, bitten
nāšak
to strike with a sting (as a serpent)
  • to bite
    • (Qal) to bite
      • "(Piel) to bite
    to pay, give interest, lend for interest or usury
    • (Qal) to give interest
      • "(Hiphil) to make to give interest

נָחָֽשׁ
נָחָֽשׁ
Root word serpent, serpents
Dictionary form: נָחָשׁ · naw-HOHSH

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: a serpent
the serpent ×7 a serpent ×6 serpent ×4 like a serpent ×3 serpents ×3 of a serpent ×2 and a serpent ×1 for out of the serpents ×1
More options
snake — Most natural modern word; prefer in narrative contexts.
serpent — Slightly formal; good for poetic or symbolic passages.
viper — Implies danger or venom; use when threat is emphasised.
reptile — Broader biological term; rarely the best fit contextually.

BDB5136 H5175

BDB5135 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5137

I. נָחָשׁ noun masculineGen 3:1 serpent (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic serpent, viper (Lane406 anything hunted) is compare by LagM, i, 230; BN 50, 188 BaEs 48, but improbable; Arabic see below [נָחַשׁ below; on formation compare LagBN 50); — absolute ׳נ Amos 5:19 +; construct נְחַשׁ Num 21:9 + 2 t.; plural נְחָשִׁים Num 21:6; Jer 8:17 —

1. serpent:
  a. as biting, Amos 5:19; Eccl 10:8, in spite of charm (לַחַשׁ) vEccl 10:11 [compare Ecculs Eccl 12:13], Jer 8:17 (+ צִפְעֹנִים; figurative of enemies); so הַנְּחָשִׁים הַשְׁרָפִים Num 21:6 (deadly; J E; compare JacobArab. Dicht. iv. 10 ff.), and singular vNum 21:9, also (collective) vNum 21:7 compare שָׂרָף ׳נ Deut 8:15 (+ עַקְרָב); ׳נ figurative of oppressor, מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ נָחָשׁ יֵצֵא צֶפַע וּפִרְיוֺ שָׂרָף מְעוֺפֵף Isa 14:29 figurative of Dan Gen 49:17 (poem in J; || שְׁפִיפֹן); ׳הֲמַת נ Ps 58:5 (simile of perniciousness of ungodly), compare ׳נ Ps 140:4 simile of effect of wine Prov 22:32 (|| צִפִעֹנִי).
  b. rod becomes ׳נ Exod 4:3 (J), compare Exod 7:15 (E); ׳עֲלֵי צוּר דֶּרֶךְ נ Prov 30:19.
  c. ׳נ (apparently) as hissing Jer 46:22 (in simile, compare Gie); as eating dust Isa 65:25 compare Mic 7:17 (in simile; see also Gen 3:14).
  d. as crafty tempter Gen 3:1; Gen 3:2; Gen 3:4; Gen 3:13; Gen 3:14.
2. (הַ)נְּחשֶׁת ׳נ, bronze image of serpent Num 21:9 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 18:4 (compare נְחֻשְׁתָּן).
3. mythological בָּרִחַ ׳נ Job 26:13 fleeing serpent, of eclipse-dragon (compareלִנְיָתָן Job 3:6); also בּרִחַ ֗֗֗ ׳לִוְיָתָן נ עֲקַלָּתוֺן ׳לִוְיָתָן נ Isa 27:1 (symbolic of world-powers); ׳נ of sea-monster Amos 9:3. — ׳נ with verb נָשַׁךְ bite Num 21:6 + 8 t. On supernatural character of serpents in Arabic belief see NöZeitschr. Für Völkerpsychol. i.(1860), 412-416 RSKinship 197, Semitic i. 421 f., 2d ed, 442 WeSkizzen iii.147, Arab. Heid. 2, 152 f. JacobArab. Dicht. iv. 5

serpent, serpents
nāḥoš
a snake (from its hiss)
  • serpent, snake
    • serpent
      • "image (of serpent)"fleeing serpent (mythological)

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
חֹפֵ֥ר גּוּמָּ֖ץ Tipeha — a lesser break בּ֣וֹ יִפּ֑וֹל Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וּפֹרֵ֥ץ גָּדֵ֖ר Tipeha — a lesser break יִשְּׁכֶ֥נּוּ נָחָֽשׁ Silluq — end of the verse

חֹפֵר גּוּמָּץ בּוֹ יִפּוֹל וּפֹרֵץ גָּדֵר יִשְּׁכֶנּוּ נָחָֽשׁ׃
8
He that diggeth a pit shall fall into it; and whoso breaketh an hedge, a serpent shall bite him.
Cross References

Proverbs 26:27

כֹּֽרֶה-שַּׁחַת בָּהּ יִפֹּל וְגוֹלֵֽל אֶבֶן אֵלָיו תָּשֽׁוּב׃
27
Whoso diggeth a pit shall fall therein: and he that rolleth a stone, it will return upon him.

Psalms 7:15

בּוֹר כָּרָֽה וַֽיַּחְפְּרֵהוּ וַיִּפֹּל בְּשַׁחַת יִפְעָֽל׃
15
He made a pit, and digged it, and is fallen into the ditch which he made.

Amos 5:19

כַּאֲשֶׁר יָנוּס אִישׁ מִפְּנֵי הָאֲרִי וּפְגָעוֹ הַדֹּב וּבָא הַבַּיִת וְסָמַךְ יָדוֹ עַל-הַקִּיר וּנְשָׁכוֹ הַנָּחָֽשׁ׃
19
As if a man did flee from a lion, and a bear met him; or went into the house, and leaned his hand on the wall, and a serpent bit him.

Esther 7:10

וַיִּתְלוּ אֶת-הָמָן עַל-הָעֵץ אֲשֶׁר-הֵכִין לְמָרְדֳּכָי וַֽחֲמַת הַמֶּלֶךְ שָׁכָֽכָה׃
10
So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai. Then was the king's wrath pacified.

Psalms 9:15

טָבְעוּ גוֹיִם בְּשַׁחַת עָשׂוּ בְּרֶֽשֶׁת-זוּ טָמָנוּ נִלְכְּדָה רַגְלָֽם׃
15
The heathen are sunk down in the pit that they made: in the net which they hid is their own foot taken.

Amos 9:3

וְאִם-יֵחָֽבְאוּ בְּרֹאשׁ הַכַּרְמֶל מִשָּׁם אֲחַפֵּשׂ וּלְקַחְתִּים וְאִם-יִסָּתְרוּ מִנֶּגֶד עֵינַי בְּקַרְקַע הַיָּם מִשָּׁם אֲצַוֶּה אֶת-הַנָּחָשׁ וּנְשָׁכָֽם׃
3
And though they hide themselves in the top of Carmel, I will search and take out them thence; and though they be hid from my sight in the bottom of the sea, thence will I command the serpent, and he shall bite them:

2 Samuel 17:23

וַֽאֲחִיתֹפֶל רָאָה כִּי לֹא נֶֽעֶשְׂתָה עֲצָתוֹ וַיַּֽחֲבֹשׁ אֶֽת-הַחֲמוֹר וַיָּקָם וַיֵּלֶךְ אֶל-בֵּיתוֹ אֶל-עִירוֹ וַיְצַו אֶל-בֵּיתוֹ וַיֵּֽחָנַק וַיָּמָת וַיִּקָּבֵר בְּקֶבֶר אָבִֽיו׃
23
And when Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his ass, and arose, and gat him home to his house, to his city, and put his household in order, and hanged himself, and died, and was buried in the sepulchre of his father.

Judges 9:5

וַיָּבֹא בֵית-אָבִיו עָפְרָתָה וַֽיַּהֲרֹג אֶת-אֶחָיו בְּנֵֽי-יְרֻבַּעַל שִׁבְעִים אִישׁ עַל-אֶבֶן אֶחָת וַיִּוָּתֵר יוֹתָם בֶּן-יְרֻבַּעַל הַקָּטֹן כִּי נֶחְבָּֽא׃
5
And he went unto his father's house at Ophrah, and slew his brethren the sons of Jerubbaal, being threescore and ten persons, upon one stone: notwithstanding yet Jotham the youngest son of Jerubbaal was left; for he hid himself.

Judges 9:53

וַתַּשְׁלֵךְ אִשָּׁה אַחַת פֶּלַח רֶכֶב עַל-רֹאשׁ אֲבִימֶלֶךְ וַתָּרִץ אֶת-גֻּלְגָּלְתּֽוֹ׃
53
And a certain woman cast a piece of a millstone upon Abimelech's head, and all to brake his skull.

2 Samuel 18:15

וַיָּסֹבּוּ עֲשָׂרָה נְעָרִים נֹֽשְׂאֵי כְּלֵי יוֹאָב וַיַּכּוּ אֶת-אַבְשָׁלוֹם וַיְמִתֻֽהוּ׃
15
And ten young men that bare Joab's armour compassed about and smote Absalom, and slew him.
Ecclesiastes 10:7
Read Ecclesiastes 10
Ecclesiastes 10:9