Exodus 37:20

וּבַמְּנֹרָ֖ה אַרְבָּעָ֣ה גְבִעִ֑ים מְשֻׁ֨קָּדִ֔ים כַּפְתֹּרֶ֖יהָ וּפְרָחֶֽיהָ

And in the candlestick were four bowls made like almonds, his knops, and his flowers:

Connections

וַיְהִי דְבַר-יְהוָה אֵלַי לֵאמֹר מָה-אַתָּה רֹאֶה יִרְמְיָהוּ וָאֹמַר מַקֵּל שָׁקֵד אֲנִי רֹאֶֽה׃

Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, Jeremiah, what seest thou? And I said, I see a rod of an almond tree.

Exodus 25:33

שְׁלֹשָׁה גְבִעִים מְֽשֻׁקָּדִים בַּקָּנֶה הָֽאֶחָד כַּפְתֹּר וָפֶרַח וּשְׁלֹשָׁה גְבִעִים מְשֻׁקָּדִים בַּקָּנֶה הָֽאֶחָד כַּפְתֹּר וָפָרַח כֵּן לְשֵׁשֶׁת הַקָּנִים הַיֹּֽצְאִים מִן-הַמְּנֹרָֽה׃

Three bowls made like unto almonds, with a knop and a flower in one branch; and three bowls made like almonds in the other branch, with a knop and a flower: so in the six branches that come out of the candlestick.

Numbers 17:8

וַיְהִי מִֽמָּחֳרָת וַיָּבֹא מֹשֶׁה אֶל-אֹהֶל הָֽעֵדוּת וְהִנֵּה פָּרַח מַטֵּֽה-אַהֲרֹן לְבֵית לֵוִי וַיֹּצֵֽא פֶרַח וַיָּצֵֽץ צִיץ וַיִּגְמֹל שְׁקֵדִֽים׃

And it came to pass, that on the morrow Moses went into the tabernacle of witness; and, behold, the rod of Aaron for the house of Levi was budded, and brought forth buds, and bloomed blossoms, and yielded almonds.

Ecclesiastes 12:5

גַּם מִגָּבֹהַּ יִרָאוּ וְחַתְחַתִּים בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְיָנֵאץ הַשָּׁקֵד וְיִסְתַּבֵּל הֶֽחָגָב וְתָפֵר הָֽאֲבִיּוֹנָה כִּֽי-הֹלֵךְ הָאָדָם אֶל-בֵּית עוֹלָמוֹ וְסָבְבוּ בַשּׁוּק הַסּוֹפְדִֽים׃

Also when they shall be afraid of that which is high, and fears shall be in the way, and the almond tree shall flourish, and the grasshopper shall be a burden, and desire shall fail: because man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets:

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Exodus 37:20

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Niqqud

Cantillation

Masoretic Phrasing

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.

וּבַמְּנֹרָ֖ה Tipeha — a lesser break אַרְבָּעָ֣ה גְבִעִ֑ים Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here מְשֻׁ֨קָּדִ֔ים Zaqef Qatan — a strong break כַּפְתֹּרֶ֖יהָ Tipeha — a lesser break וּפְרָחֶֽיהָ Silluq — end of the verse

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Word Parts

וּ בַ מְּנֹרָ֖ה

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

בַ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)

מְּנֹרָ֖ה

Root word candlestick, candlesticks

Dictionary form: מְנוֹרָה · meh-noh-RAW

Vowels & Accents

בַ

Hidden "the" בַ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "in the ___".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Rd/Ncfsa

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

וּ	Speech Conjunction
בַ	Speech Preposition Type Definite Article
מְּנֹרָה	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: and in the candlestick

the candlestick ×12 of the candlestick ×5 and the candlestick ×4 candlestick ×3 a candlestick ×2 and in the candlestick ×2 and the candlesticks ×2 and a candlestick ×1

More options

lampstand — Most accurate modern term; standard in contemporary Bible translations.

lamp stand — Two-word variant; equally precise, used in some modern versions.

menorah — Retains Hebrew term; ideal for Jewish or liturgical contexts.

oil lamp holder — Descriptive; clarifies function for readers unfamiliar with the object.

lamp post — Informal option; use cautiously, may suggest outdoor street fixture.

torch stand — Emphasizes light-bearing role; less common but contextually vivid.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5092 H4501

מְנוֺרָה, מְנֹרָה₄₂ noun feminine lampstand (Ecclus מנורה fire, ); — absolute׳מְנו 2Kgs 4:10 + 9 t.,מְנֹרָה Exod 25:32 (twice in verse) + 19 t.; construct מְנוֺרַת Zech 4:2; 2Chr 13:11 מְנֹרַת, Exod 25:31 + 2 t.; plural מְנֹרוֺת absolute 1Kgs 7:49 + 2 t.; construct 1Chr 28:15 (twice in verse); 2Chr 4:7 — lampstand:

1. in private house 2Kgs 4:10.

2. ten lampstands in temple, plural 1Kgs 7:49 = 2Chr 4:7; Jer 52:19 (so also ᵐ5; omit || 2Kgs 25:14; 2Kgs 25:15, strike out here Now^{Archaeology ii. 40} < retain Gf Gie), compare 2Chr 4:20, also 1Chr 28:15 (7 t. in verse), but 2Chr 13:11 has ׳מ in singular (as

3.); compare singular in Zechariah's vision Zech 4:2.

3. seven-branched lampstand in tabernacle Exod 25:31 (twice in verse); Exod 25:32 (twice in verse) + 15 t. Exodus; Lev 24:4 (with lamps upon it,), Num 3:31; Num 4:9; Num 8:2; Num 8:3; Num 8:4 (twice in verse) (all P). — מָנוֺר see II. ניר.

Strong's Definition H4501

candlestick, candlesticks

mĕnôrâ

a chandelier

lamp stand

Variations 17 forms of this word

Translations 17 English renderings

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Word Parts

אַרְבָּעָ֣ה

Root word four, fourteenth, fourteen, fourth, forty, …

Dictionary form: אַרְבַּע · ar-BA

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Acmsa

Adjective — Cardinal Number, masculine singular, absolute state a number (one, two, three, …)

אַרְבָּעָה

Speech Adjective Type Cardinal Number Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: were four

four ×81 and four ×65 the four ×23 fourteen ×9 were four ×7 and fourteen ×6 the fourteenth ×6 had four ×5

More options

four — Core cardinal number; universally applicable.

fourteen — Use when combined with ten in context.

fourteenth — Ordinal use; for dates or ranked sequences.

forty — Use when the text implies a rounded decade multiple.

fourth — Ordinal position; prefer in lists or sequences.

four each — Distributive sense; use for 'apiece' contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB7718 H702 H706

I. אַרְבַּע, אַרְבָּעָה₃₁₆ noun masculine and feminine four (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; MI⁸ ארבען = 40; Phoenician ארבע, Punic ארבעת, four; so Assyrian arba'u (rarely irba°), irbitti; Arabic , ; Sabean ארבעת CIS^{iv, no. 232.2} Hom^{Chrest. 47}; Ethiopic : : Aramaic אַרְבַּע, אַרְבְּעָה, , ; Nabataean ארבע, Palmyrene ארבע, ארבעא, Lzb³⁶⁷); —

masculine₁₄₈ (c. noun feminine) אַרְבַּע (absolute or construct) Exod 21:37 +; also אַרְבַּ֑ע Lev 11:20 +; note (Baer Gi) Josh 21:18 +6 t. Josh 21 (van d. H. אַרְבָּ֑ל); in Prov 30:18 read feminine with Qr; feminine (c. noun masculine) absolute אַרְבָּעָה Gen 2:10 + 125 t. + Prov 30:18 (see above); construct אַרְבַּ֫עַת 1Sam 4:2 + 29 t., including Ezek 7:2 (but read masculine Kt); suffix אַרְבַּעְתָּם Ezek 1:8 + 5 t. Ezekiel, אַרְבַּעְתָּן Ezek 1:10 (twice in verse) (but read probably תָּם-, Krae), vEzek 1:16 vEzek 1:18 dual אַרְבַּעְתָּ֑יִם 2Sam 12:6, see 1 d; plural אַרְבָּעִים = 40, see below; — four (in Hexateuch 108 t., chiefly P, 98 t.; Ezek 52 t., Chronicles 47 t.): —

1. without other number:
a. אַרְבַּע (1) before feminine plural noun Jer 15:3; Exod 25:12 (P) + 101 t., including אַמּוֺת ׳א Deut 3:11 + 5 t. (but also בָּאַמָּה ׳א four (in) cubit(s) Exod 26:2; Exod 26:8; Exod 36:9; 1Kgs 7:27 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 7:38), and מֵאוֺת ׳א = 400 Gen 11:13 + 55 t. (2) ׳א before dual רַנְלָ֑יִם Lev 11:23, רַגְלָיו Exod 25:26. (3) before collective, צאֹן ׳א Exod 21:37 (E); רִבּוֺא ׳א = 40,000 Ezra 2:64 = Neh 7:66. (4) rare and late, after feminine plural noun ׳עָרִים א Josh 19:7 (P); after feminine singular noun construct לְ ׳בִּשְׁנַת א 1Kgs 22:41; Zech 7:1; 2Chr 3:2. — ׳קִרְיַת א, see this, and II. אַרְבַּע below (5) noun omitted Ezek 43:15b Prov 30:15; Prov 30:18 (Kt, see above), vProv 30:21; Dan 8:8; Dan 8:22 עַלאַֿרְבַּ֑ל (that is רגלים = on all fours Lev 11:20; Lev 11:21; Lev 11:27; Lev 11:42.
b. אַרְבָּעָה (1) before masculine plural noun Gen 2:10 (J), Gen 14:9; Exod 25:34 + 21 t., + חֳדָשִׁים ׳יָמִים (וְ)א Judg 19:2; 1Sam 27:7 also פָנִים ׳א ׳א distributive Ezek 10:21. (2) late, after masculine plural noun 1Chr 23:10. (3) noun omitted, Amos 1:3; Amos 1:6; Amos 1:9 + 15 t., .+ (as predicate of masculine plural noun) Exod 27:16 (twice in verse); Exod 38:19 (twice in verse); also ׳בְּא, (that is יוֺם) Zech 7:1 = ordinal, on the fourth (day).
c. אַרְבַּ֫עַת (1) before masculine plural noun Judg 11:40; 1Kgs 7:32 + 11 t. (not Ezek 7:2, see above), + אֲלָפִים ׳א = 4000, 1Sam 4:2 + 14 t. (2) before collective הַבָּקָר Num 7:7. (3) noun omitted 2Sam 21:22. (4) with suffix, after plural noun, = the four of them, Ezek 1:8; Ezek 1:10 (3 t. in verse) + 6 t. Ezekiel; Dan 1:17 these boys, the four of them.
d. dual אַרְבַּעְתָּ֑יִם 2Sam 12:6 = four-fold Ges^{«GKC:97h»§ 97h} Kö^{11. l, 227}, but read שִׁבְעָתָ֑יִם ᵐ5 Th We Klo Dr Kmp Bu HPS.

2. with other number:
a. (1) אַרְבַּע עֶשְׂרֵה = 14, (a) before feminine singular noun, שָׁנָה ׳ע ׳א Gen 31:41, + (as ordinal, = 14th) Gen 14:5; 2Kgs 18:13v = Isa 36:1; Ezek 40:1. (β) after feminine plural noun ׳ע ׳עָרִים א Josh 15:36 + 8 t., ׳ע ׳נָשִׁים א 2Chr 13:21. (2) אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר = 14, (a) before masculine singular noun Num 17:14 (14 x 1000), Job 42:12 especially (as ordinal) יוֺם ׳ע ׳א 14th day Exod 12:6; Exod 12:18 + 7 t. (b) before masculine plural noun Num 29:15. (γ) after, masculine plural noun Num 29:13; Num 29:17 + 6 t. (δ) after masculine singular noun Esth 9:15; Esth 9:19; Esth 9:21, all = 14th (ε) ׳ע ׳א predicate of נֶפֶשׁ Gen 46:22. ζ ׳ע ׳א = 14th (that is, day) Lev 23:15; 2Chr 30:15 + 6 t.
b. 20 + (וְׅ 4 + singular noun 1Kgs 15:33; 1Chr 23:4 + 13 t. 1Chr 27 + plural noun Num 7:88 noun omitted 2Sam 21:20 predicate || 1Chr 20:6; Neh 7:23 4 + 20 + singular noun Num 25:9 = 24th, ׳וְא ׳יוֺם ע Hag 1:15; Hag 1:18; Zech 1:7; Neh 9:1; Dan 10:4, יוֺם omitted Hag 2:10; Hag 2:20, and (׳וְע ׳א) 1Chr 24:18; 1Chr 25:31.
c. other tens + 4, 1Chr 7:7; 1Chr 5:18 (+ singular noun), Ezra 2:15 + 7 t.; 4 + tens + שָׁנָה Gen 11:16, + אֶלֶף 1000 Num 1:27; Num 1:29; Num 2:4; Num 2:6; Num 26:25; Num 26:43. — See Kö^{ii. 1, § 106}.

BDB9885 H702 H7243

רבע (see Biblical Hebrew אַרְבַּע, רְבִיעִי, √ רבע).

Strong's Definition H702

four, fourteenth, fourteen, fourth, forty, …

ʾarbaʿ

four

four

Variations 28 forms of this word

Translations 75 English renderings

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Word Parts

גְבִעִ֑ים

Root word bowls, cup, pots

Dictionary form: גְּבִיעַ · ɡeh-BEE-ah

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmpa

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

גְבִעִים

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Plural State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: bowls

bowls ×6 the cup ×3 his bowls ×2 cup ×1 my cup ×1 pots ×1

More options

cup — Best for singular, personal contexts like Joseph's divining cup.

bowl — Best for plural sanctuary/tabernacle vessel contexts.

goblet — Suggests a finer, ornate drinking vessel; elevated register.

chalice — Formal/ceremonial tone; suits liturgical or royal settings.

vessel — Broad fallback when shape or function is ambiguous.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1456 H1375

גָּבִיעַ noun masculine^{Gen 44:12} cup, bowl — ׳ג Gen 44:12 + 2 t.; construct גְּבִיעַ Gen 44:2 suffix גְּבִיעִי Gen 44:2 plural גְּבִיעִים Exod 25:34, גְּבִעִים vExod 25:33 vExod 25:33 + 4 t.; suffix גְּבִיעֶיהָ Exod 25:31; Exod 37:17 — cup (of Joseph) Gen 44:2; Gen 44:12; Gen 44:16; Gen 44:17 plural cups (of golden candlestick in tabernacle) Exod 25:31; Exod 25:33 (twice in verse); Exod 25:34; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:19 (3 t. in verse); Exod 37:20 bowls Jer 35:5 גְּבִעִים מלאים יין וכֹסוֺת.

Strong's Definition H1375

bowls, cup, pots

gĕbîaʿ

a goblet; by analogy, the calyx of a flower

cup, bowl

Variations 6 forms of this word

Translations 6 English renderings

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Word Parts

מְשֻׁ֨קָּדִ֔ים

Root word almonds

Dictionary form: שָׁקַד · shaw-KAHD

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar VPsmpa

Verb — Pual, Participle Passive, masculine plural, absolute state intensive passive — "it was thoroughly done" a settled state — try "___ed"

מְשֻׁקָּדִים

Speech Verb Stem Pual Type Participle Passive Gender Masculine Number Plural State Absolute

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: made like almonds

made like almonds ×3 made like unto almonds ×2 made after the fashion of almonds ×1

More options

almond-shaped — Clear, modern adjective; best for describing objects.

shaped like almonds — Descriptive phrase; useful when adjective form feels awkward.

almond-fashioned — Slightly formal; suits poetic or liturgical contexts.

formed like almonds — Emphasizes the crafting/molding process.

carved in almond form — Good when artistic or decorative work is in view.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9000 H8246

[שָׁקַד] verb Pu`al denominative — only Participle in גְּבִעִים מְשֻׁקָּדִים cups shaped like almond (blossoms) Exod 25:33 (twice in verse); Exod 25:34; Exod 37:19 (twice in verse); Exod 37:20 (all P).

Strong's Definition H8246

almonds

šāqad

to be (intensively, make) almond-shaped

(Pual) cups shaped like almond blossoms (participle)

Variations 2 forms of this word

Translations 3 English renderings

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Word Parts

כַּפְתֹּרֶ֖י הָ

כַּפְתֹּרֶ֖י

Root word knop, knops, lintel, lintels

הָ

Suffix — pronoun her / it

Dictionary form: כַּפְתֹּר · kahp-TORE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmpc/Sp3fs

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

כַּפְתֹּרֶי	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Plural State Construct
הָ	Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Feminine Number Singular

In English

In the KJV here: his knops

the same and a knop ×4 his knops ×3 a knop ×2 their knops ×2 with a knop ×2 and a knop ×1 and there shall be a knop ×1 in the upper lintels ×1

More options

capital — Architectural term; best for column/pillar top contexts.

knob — Modern equivalent of 'knop'; decorative rounded protrusion.

bud — Floral/botanical shape; suits lampstand ornament descriptions.

lintel — Use when referring to the top beam of a doorway.

boss — Technical art/architecture term for a rounded decorative projection.

cap — Informal; works for general rounded top or crown piece.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB4172 H3730

I. כַּפְתּוֺר כַּפְתֹּר noun masculine

1. capital,

2. knob, bulb (

2. perhaps earlier meaning; Hoffm^{ZAW iii. (1883), 124}, compare Syriac pear (Löw^{No. 153}), from shape); —

1. כַּפְתּוֺר Amos 9:1 capital of pillar; so plural suffix כַּפְתֹּרֶיהָ Zeph 2:14.

2. כַּפְתֹּר, knob or bulb, ornament on the golden lamp-stand in tabernacle; ᵐ5 σφαιρωτήρ, Jos^{Archaeology iii, 6, 7} ρὁΐσκος small pomegranate; ᵑ9. sphaerula: — Exod 25:33 (twice in verse); Exod 25:35 (3 t. in verse) = Exod 37:19 (twice in verse); Exod 37:21 (3 t. in verse); suffix כַּפְתֹּרֶיהָ Exod 25:31; Exod 25:34 = Exod 37:17; Exod 37:20, כַּפְתֹּרֵיהֶם Exod 25:36 = Exod 37:22 (all P).

Strong's Definition H3730

knop, knops, lintel, lintels

kaptōr

a chaplet; but used only in an architectonic sense, i.e., the capital of a column, or a wreath-like button or disk on the candelabrum

bulb, knob, capital, capital of a pillar

knob, bulb (as ornament)

Variations 6 forms of this word

Translations 10 English renderings

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Word Parts

וּ פְרָחֶֽי הָ

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

פְרָחֶֽי

Root word flowers, flower, blossom, bud, buds

הָ

Suffix — pronoun her / it

Dictionary form: פֶּרַח · peh-RA

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Ncmpc/Sp3fs

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

וּ	Speech Conjunction
פְרָחֶֽי	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Plural State Construct
הָ	Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Feminine Number Singular

In English

In the KJV here: and his flowers

and a flower ×4 and his flowers ×3 with flowers ×2 and the flower ×1 and the flowers ×1 and their blossom ×1 and their flowers ×1 buds ×1

More options

blossom — Best general term; suits both literal and poetic contexts.

bloom — Natural, vivid; ideal for poetic or descriptive passages.

flower — Modernized KJV rendering; widely understood, slightly more formal.

bud — Emphasizes early, unopened stage of the flower.

petal — Highlights decorative detail; good for temple ornamentation contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB6774 H6525

פֶּ֫רַח noun masculine^{Nah 1:4} bud, sprout; — absolute ׳פ Isa 18:5 +, פָּ֑רַךְ Exod 25:33; Exod 37:19 construct פֶּרַח Nah 1:4 +; suffix פִּרְחָהּ Num 8:4, פִּרָחָם Isa 5:24 plural suffix פְּרֶחֶיהָ Exod 25:31 +; — bud, Isa 5:24, of vine Isa 18:5 (both figurative), Num 17:23 לְבָנוֺן ׳פ Nah 1:4 the sprout of Lebanon (i. e. of its cedars); of bud-shaped ornament in temple 1Kgs 7:26 (שׁוֺשָׁ֑ן ׳פ) v1Kgs 7:49 = 2Chr 4:5 (שׁוֺשַׁנָּה ׳פ) v2Chr 4:21 in tabernacle Exod 25:31; Exod 25:33 (twice in verse); Exod 25:34; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:19 (twice in verse); Exod 37:20; Num 8:4.

Strong's Definition H6525

flowers, flower, blossom, bud, buds

peraḥ

a calyx (natural or artificial); generally, bloom

bud, sprout

Variations 10 forms of this word

Translations 11 English renderings

Exodus 37:19

Read Exodus 37

Exodus 37:21