Ezekiel 27:20

דְּדָן֙ רֹֽכַלְתֵּ֔ךְ בְבִגְדֵי חֹ֖פֶשׁ לְרִכְבָּֽה
Dedan was thy merchant in precious clothes for chariots.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

דְּדָן֙
דְּדָן֙
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Dedan")
Dictionary form: דְּדָן · deh-DAWN

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: dedan
and dedan ×4 dedan ×4 of dedan ×2 and they of dedan ×1
More options
Dedan — Standard modern rendering of this proper name.
the people of Dedan — Use when the text refers to inhabitants collectively.
the Dedanites — Ethnic/gentilic form; suits references to the tribal group.

BDB1851 H1719

BDB1850 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1852

דְּדָן proper name, of a location & a people; — ׳ד Gen 10:7 + 8 t. + Ezek 27:20 (but see below) with ה locative דְּדָ֫נֶה Ezek 25:13 compare Ges«GKC:90»§ 90, 2 near the end; —

1. under figure of son of רַעֲמָה and grandson of כּוּשׁ (see these arts.) Gen 10:7 (brother of שְׁבָא) = 1Chr 1:9; Ezek 27:20 compare ׳בְּנֵי ד vEzek 27:15 (but read here perhaps רדן ᵐ5 υιὁὶ Ῥοδίων, compare StaDe Pop. Javan. 11, also ᵑ6 Co; see below דֹּדָנִים below) compare also Ezek 38:13, ׳שְׁבָא וּד; south-Arabian tribe on Persian Gulf, = Sabean בנו דדן according to DHMZMG 1876, 122; Sab. Denkm. 28 (dubit. Mordt); but in northwest of Arabian peninsula, GlaserSkizze ii. 391 ff.; perhaps originally further south compare Di Gen 10:7.
2. as son of יָקְשָׁן father of אַשּׁוּרִם etc., Gen 25:3 (twice in verse) (here also brother of שְׁבָא) = 1Chr 1:32; Jer 25:23; Jer 49:8 ׳ישְׁבֵי ד. This is apparently a northern branch of 1, compare Di Gen 25:3. — On דדן in MI31,31 compare Sm & SoMI p. 29 NöLCB Jan. 8, 1887 ClGannJAssyrian Jan. 1887. 107.

דְּדָ֫נֶה see דְּדָןָ.

BDB7773 H1719 H1721

BDB7772 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7774

רֹדָן proper name, of a location or a people Rhodes, Rhodians, so read, ׳בְּנֵי ר Ezek 27:15 (for ᵑ0 בְּנֵי דְּדָן, see ׳ד 1), ᵐ5 Sta Co Berthol Toy Krae.

dedan
dĕdān
low country
Dedan, the name of two Cushites and of their territory
  • (n pr m) the son of Raamah and grandson of Cush. A son of Jokshan and grandson of Keturah
    • "(n pr loc) a place in south Arabia

רֹֽכַלְתֵּ ֔ךְ
רֹֽכַלְתֵּ
Root word merchants, merchant
֔ךְ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one woman)
Dictionary form: רָכַל · raw-KAHL

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, feminine singular, construct state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: was thy merchant
were thy merchants ×6 the merchants ×2 and of the merchants ×1 and the merchants ×1 of merchants ×1 of the merchant ×1 of the spice merchants ×1 so the merchants ×1
More options
merchant — Most versatile; suits general commercial contexts.
trader — Neutral, contemporary alternative to 'merchant'.
dealer — Good for specific commodity trade contexts.
tradesperson — Gender-inclusive; useful in modern translations.
traveling merchant — Highlights itinerant, peddling nuance of root.
vendor — Best for marketplace or retail-focused passages.

BDB7932 H7402

BDB7931 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7933

[רָכַל] verb probably go about, from one to another (for trade or gossip) (? connected with רגל; compare Arabic kick a horse, to make him go [? properly use the foot, compare ?]; Late Hebrew רוֺכֵל, Aramaic רוֺכְלָא, trader, Late Hebrew רְכִילוּת slander [compare calumniator, from go about, Qor 2:19 and elsewhere]); —

Qal Participle רוֺכֵל Song 3:6 feminine singular construct רֹכֶ֫לֶת Ezek 27:3, suffix רֹכַלְתֵךְ vEzek 27:20 vEzek 27:23 masculine plural רֹכְלִים 1Kgs 10:15 +, etc.; — as substantive = trafficker, trader: usually plural, Nah 3:16; Ezek 17:4 (׳עִיר ר), Ezek 27:13; Ezek 27:15; Ezek 27:17; Ezek 27:22 (twice in verse); Ezek 27:23a (< strike out Toy Krae), vEzek 27:24; Neh 3:31; Neh 3:32; Neh 13:20 ( + מֹרֵי כָלמִֿמְכָּר); ׳מִסְחַר הָר 1Kgs 10:15 (text dubious; compare ׳מ p.695); singular figurative of Tyre, רֹכֶלֶת הָעַמִּים אֶלאִֿיִּים רַכִּים Ezek 27:8, of a people vEzek 27:20 vEzek 27:23b (plural MezHarran 34 Krae, see also כִּלְמֶד); singular of person only אַבְקַת רוֺכֵל Song 3:6.

merchants, merchant
rākal
to travel for trading
  • to go about (meaning dubious)
    • (Qal) trafficker, trader (participle) (subst)

בְ בִגְדֵי
בְ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
בִגְדֵי
Root word garments, clothes, garment, raiment, cloth, …
Dictionary form: בֶּגֶד · beh-ɡED

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: clothes
his clothes ×42 garments ×32 his garment ×9 a cloth ×5 his garments ×5 of garments ×5 in the garment ×4 raiment ×4
More options
garment — Most versatile; suits singular, formal, or poetic contexts.
clothing — Best for collective or general reference to dress.
clothes — Everyday plural; natural in narrative prose.
robe — Prefer when a prestigious or ceremonial garment is implied.
cloth — Use when referring to fabric or material, not a worn item.
rags — Marked register; signals worn-out or despised clothing.

BDB902 H899

BDB901 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB903

I. בֶּ֫גֶד noun [masculine] treachery, Isa 24:16; Jer 12:1.

BDB905 H899

BDB904 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB906

II. בֶּ֫גֶד noun masculine (except Lev 6:20 עָלֶיהָ, but Samaritan עליו, compare Di in loco Köi. 182) garment, covering — Gen 28:2 + 36 t.; suffix בִּגְדוֺ Ezek 9:3 + (14 t. without dag. lene GesLgb. 94); plural בְּגָדִים Lev 6:4 + 32 t.; construct בִּגְדֵי Gen 27:15 + 39 t.; suffix בְּגָדֶיךָ 1Kgs 22:20 + 81 t.; בִּגְדֹתֶיךָ Ps 45:9 —

1. garment, clothing, raiment, robe of any kind, from the filthy clothing of the leper to the holy robes of the high priest, the simplest covering of the poor as well as the costly raiment of the rich and noble, used throughout Hebrew Literature: Gen 24:53 (J), Gen 28:20 (E; 14 t. J E), Exod 28:2 + (P 90 t.), Deut 24:17; Judg 8:26 + 4 t., 1Sam 19:13 + 10 t., 1Kgs 1:1 + 23 t., 2Chr 18:9 + (Chronicles 9 t.), Esth 4:1; Esth 4:4; Job 13:28; Job 22:6; Job 37:17; Ps 22:19; Ps 45:9; Ps 102:27; Ps 109:19; Prov 6:27; Prov 20:16; Prov 25:20; Prov 27:13; Eccl 9:8 Isa2 Isa 24:16; Isa 36:22; Isa 37:1 Isa3 Isa 50:9 + 10 t.; Jer 12:1 + 3 t., Ezek 16:16 + 13 t.; Joel 2:13; Amos 2:8; Hag 2:12; Zech 3:3; Zech 3:4; Zech 3:5; Zech 14:14 מְלֹא בִגְדוֺ his lapful 2Kgs 4:39.
2. covering, wrapping, of furniture of tabernacle Num 4:6-13 (6 t.); coverlet of a bed 1Sam 19:13.

garments, clothes, garment, raiment, cloth, …
beged
a covering, also treachery or pillage
  • treachery, deceit
    • "garment, clothing

חֹ֖פֶשׁ
חֹ֖פֶשׁ
Root word precious
Dictionary form: חֹפֶשׁ · hoh-PESH

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: in precious
in precious ×1
More options
valuable — Broad, everyday word for high worth or cost.
precious — Modernized KJV form; warm, often emotional connotation.
prized — Emphasizes something actively treasured or sought after.
costly — Highlights monetary or material expense.
exquisite — Suggests rare, finely crafted quality; more literary register.

BDB3023 H2667

BDB3022 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3024

חֹ֫פֶשׁ noun [masculine] very dubious; only בִּגְדֵיתֹֿ֫פֶשׁ לְרִכְבָּה Ezek 27:20 wide-spread (?) garments for riding, i.e. saddle-cloths, according to Thes Sm Co Da and others; but meaning spread for √ purely conjectural; Gr suggests, plausibly, חֵ֫פֶץ (q. v.)

precious
ḥōpeš
something spread loosely, i.e., a carpet
  • widespread, fabric for horseback riding, saddle-blanket, saddle-cloths; meaning dubious

לְ רִכְבָּֽה
לְ
Prefix — preposition to, for
רִכְבָּֽה
Root word chariots
Dictionary form: רִכְבָּה · rik-BAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: for chariots
for chariots ×1
More options
chariot — Standard modern rendering; broadly useful in most contexts.
chariot fleet — Emphasizes a collective or organized military grouping.
war chariot — Highlights military function; good in battle narratives.
chariot force — Stresses the unit as a fighting body or army division.

BDB7920 H7396

BDB7919 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7921

רִכְבָּה noun feminine act of riding; — ׳לְר Ezek 27:20.

chariots
rikbâ
a chariot (collectively)
  • riding, (act of) riding

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
דְּדָן֙ Pashta — a lesser break רֹֽכַלְתֵּ֔ךְ Zaqef Qatan — a strong break בְבִגְדֵי חֹ֖פֶשׁ Tipeha — a lesser break לְרִכְבָּֽה Silluq — end of the verse

דְּדָן רֹֽכַלְתֵּךְ בְבִגְדֵי-חֹפֶשׁ לְרִכְבָּֽה׃
20
Dedan was thy merchant in precious clothes for chariots.
Cross References

Genesis 25:3

וְיָקְשָׁן יָלַד אֶת-שְׁבָא וְאֶת-דְּדָן וּבְנֵי דְדָן הָיוּ אַשּׁוּרִם וּלְטוּשִׁם וּלְאֻמִּֽים׃
3
And Jokshan begat Sheba, and Dedan. And the sons of Dedan were Asshurim, and Letushim, and Leummim.

Ezekiel 27:15

בְּנֵי דְדָן רֹֽכְלַיִךְ אִיִּים רַבִּים סְחֹרַת יָדֵךְ קַרְנוֹת שֵׁן ‫(והובנים)‬ וְהָבְנִים הֵשִׁיבוּ אֶשְׁכָּרֵֽךְ׃
15
The men of Dedan were thy merchants; many isles were the merchandise of thine hand: they brought thee for a present horns of ivory and ebony.
Ezekiel 27:19
Read Ezekiel 27
Ezekiel 27:21