Genesis 33:7

וַ תִּגַּ֧שׁ

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

תִּגַּ֧שׁ

Root word near, nigh, brought, came, hither, …

Dictionary form: נָגַשׁ · naw-ɡAHSH

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person feminine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "she (or it)"

In the KJV here: came near

came near ×8 come near ×6 came ×5 come nigh ×5 brought ×4 drew near ×4 and they came near ×3 bring hither ×3

More options

approach — Broad and natural; fits most contexts well.

come near — Modernized KJV form; clear for movement toward someone.

draw near — Slightly formal; suits worship or solemn contexts.

step forward — Good for scenes of presentation or summons.

present — Best when an offering or person is brought before another.

move closer — Colloquial; suits narrative or conversational prose.

BDB4983 H5066

[נָגַשׁ]₁₂₅ verb draw near, approach, less frequently synonym of קרב q. v. (Late Hebrew id. Hiph`il (rare) and derivatives ); —

Qal₆₈ Imperfect יִגַּשׁ Exod 24:14 +, יִגָּ֑שׁ Ps 91:7, וַיִּגַּשׁ Gen 18:23 +; 3 feminine singular וַתִּגַּשׁ Gen 33:7 2 masculine singular תִּגַּשֿׁ Isa 65:5 3 masculine plural יִגְּשׁוּ Isa 41:1 +, יִגָּ֑שׁוּ Exod 24:2, יִגַּ֑שׁוּ Job 41:8 (Baer; van d. H. יִנָּ֑שׁוּ); 3 feminine plural וַתִּגַּשְׁןָ Gen 33:6, etc.; Imperative גַּשׁ 2Sam 1:15, גֶּשֿׁ Gen 19:9, גְּשָׁה Gen 27:21 + 2 t.; feminine singular גְּשִׁי; Ruth 2:14, etc.; Infinitive construct לָגֶ֫שֶׁת Judg 20:23 +; suffix גִּשְׁתּוֺ Gen 33:3 גִּשְׁתָּם Exod 28:43 + 2 t.; — draw or come near, 1. human subject: followed by אֶלֿ person Gen 27:22; Gen 43:19; Gen 44:18; Gen 45:4 (all J), Exod 19:15 (of sexual intercourse), Exod 24:2; Num 32:16; Josh 14:6 (all E), Exod 34:30; Josh 21:1 (P), + 10 t. elsewhere (not D), + Ps 91:7 (subject pestilence personified); of priestly approach to ׳י Ezek 44:13, compare Jer 30:21b, also followed by אֶלֿ of altar Exod 28:43; Exod 30:20; Lev 21:23 and absolute, vLev 21:21 (all P or H); followed by אֶלֿ of thing also Num 8:16 followed by עַדֿ person Gen 33:3 (J), of thing Judg 9:52 followed by עַלֿ person Ezek 9:6, of thing Ezek 44:13 followed by בְּ person Isa 65:5 (|| קָרַב אֶלֿ); in Amos 9:10 read תִּגַּשׁ בַעֲדֵנוּ (for ᵑ0 תַּגִּישׁ Hiph`il compare We GASm Dr Now; || קִדֵּם); followed by לַמִּלְחָמָה draw near for battle Judg 20:23; Jer 46:3; 2Sam 10:13 = 1Chr 19:14 (+ לִפְנֵי person); followed by accusative of person 1Sam 9:18; 1Sam 30:21, of thing Num 4:19 (P), but accusative difficult; Dr reads אֶלֿ for אֶתֿ 1Sam 9:18; Num 4:19, compare Klo HPS; in 1Sam 30:21 Dr takes אֶתֿ = with; followed by הֲלוֺם hither, 1Sam 14:38; Ruth 2:14 absolute Gen 18:23; Gen 27:21; Gen 29:10; Gen 33:6; Gen 33:7; Gen 45:4 (all J), Exod 24:2 (E), Josh 8:11 (E; + ויבאו), + 9 t. (not P, D),+ Gen 27:26; Gen 27:27 (E), Josh 3:9 (J), 2Sam 1:15; 2Chr 29:31 (all Imperative followed by 2nd Imperative), + Gen 19:9 (J), Lev 21:21 (twice in verse) (H), 2Kgs 4:27 (all followed by Infinitive purpose); Note especially גֶּשׁהָֿ֫לְאָה Gen 19:9 lit approach thither! i.e. move away ! compare גְּשָׁהלִֿי וְאֵשׁ֑בָה Isa 46:20 move away for me (make room for me that I may dwell (|| צַרלִֿי הַמָּקוֺם).

2. inanimate subject בְּאֶחָד יִגַּ֫שׁוּ אֶחָד Job 41:8 one to another they approach (fit closely together; of scales of crocodile ). —

Qal not in D.

Niph`al Perfect נִגַּשׁ Gen 33:7 +; 3 feminine singular וְנִגְּשָׁה Deut 25:9 3 masculine plural נִגְּשׁוּ Exod 34:32 +; נִגַּשְׁתֶּם 2Sam 11:20; 2Sam 11:21 Participle plural נִגָּשִׁים Exod 19:22 — draw near = Qal (and substitute for it in D): — followed by אֶלֿ person Deut 25:9; 1Kgs 20:13; Ezra 9:1, of priestly approach to Yahweh Exod 19:22 (J), Jer 30:21 followed by אֶלֿ of thing Exod 20:21; Exod 24:2 (both E), 2Sam 11:20; 2Sam 11:21, אֶלהַֿמִּשְׁפָּט Deut 25:1 followed by בְּ person Amos 9:13 followed by לַמִּלְחָמָה 1Sam 7:10 absolute Gen 33:7 (J), Deut 20:2 (|| קרב), Deut 21:5; Exod 34:32 (P), so figurative of worship Isa 29:13.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix consecutive וְהִגִּישׁוֺ Exod 21:6 (twice in verse), וְהִגִּישָׁהּ Lev 2:8 3 plural הִגִּ֫ישׁוּ 2Sam 17:29 2 masculine plural הִגַּשְׁתֶּם Amos 5:25 Imperfect jussive יַגֵּשׁJob 40:19 וַיַגֶּשֿׁ Gen 27:25 וַיַּגַּ֑שׁ Judg 6:19 3 feminine singular תַּגִּישׁ Amos 9:10, וַתַּגֵּשׁ 1Sam 28:25; 2Sam 13:11 3 masculine plural יַגִּ֫ישׁוּ Isa 41:22 2 masculine plural תַּגִּ֫ישׁוּ Mal 1:8, תַּגִּישׁוּן vMal 1:8, וַתַּגִּישׁוּן Amos 6:3, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הַגִּ֫ישָׁה Gen 27:25 +; masculine plural הַגִּ֫ישׁוּ 1Sam 13:9 +; Participle מַגִּישׁ Mal 2:12 plural construct מַגִּישֵׁי Mal 3:3, etc.; — cause to approach, bring near, bring, followed by אֶלֿ person (usually object accusative of thing, rarely person Exod 21:6 (twice in verse); 1Sam 15:32; Gen 48:10 compare vGen 48:13): — Gen 48:10; Gen 48:13 (E), Exod 21:6 (twice in verse) (E), 1Sam 13:9; 1Sam 14:34; 1Sam 15:32; 2Sam 13:11 (+ Infinitive purpose), 2Kgs 4:5; 2Kgs 4:6 followed by אֶלהַֿמִּוְבֵּךְַ Lev 2:8 (P; of sacrifice); עַלמִֿזְבְּחִי Mal 1:7 (sacrifice); לְ person Gen 27:25 (twice in verse) (E), 1Sam 30:7; 2Sam 17:29 (read וַיַּגִּישׁוּ ᵐ5 Th We Klo Kit, compare Dr), of sacrifice Amos 5:25; Mal 2:12; Mal 3:3 לִפְנֵי person 1Sam 28:25; 2Chr 29:23 no preposition Exod 32:6 (J), 1Sam 14:18; 1Sam 14:34; 1Sam 23:9; 1Sam 30:7; Judg 6:19 (following הוציא אֶלֿ), Amos 6:3; 1Kgs 5:1; Lev 8:14 (P), of sacrifice also Mal 1:8 (לִזְבֹּחַ), vMal 1:8 (|| הקריב); figurative (object proofs, evidences) Isa 41:21 (|| קרב), vIsa 41:22 (+ וַיַּגִּידוּ), compare Isa 45:21 (|| הַגִּידוּ); הָעשֹׁוֺ יַגֵּשׁ חַרְבּוֺ Job 40:19 let him that made him (the hippotamus) draw near his sword, is dubious; Du נֹגֵשׂ חֲבֵרָו [י]הֶעָשׂוּ who is made ruler of its fellows (other conjectures see Di Bu); Amos 9:10 read תִּגַּשׁ Qal q. v. ). Hoph`al Perfect 3 masculine plural לאֹלִֿנְחֻשְׁתַּיִם הֻגַּ֑שׁוּ 2Sam 3:34 (Ginsb הֻגָּ֫שׁוּ thy feet have not been brought near (put into) fetters; Participle מֻגָּשׁ לשׁמי Mal 1:11 it (impersonal) is offered to my name. Hithpa`el Imperative masculine plural הִתְנַגְּשׁוּ Isa 45:20 draw near! (|| הִקָּֽבְצוּ יָבֹאוּ).

נֵד see II. נדד. נֹד see נוד.

near, nigh, brought, came, hither, …

nāgaš

to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causatively, to present; figuratively, to adduce an argument; by reversal, to stand back

to draw near, approach

(Qal) to draw or come near

of humans

of sexual intercourse

to approach one another

גַּם

Particle indeed, surely

Dictionary form: גַּם · ɡahm

Particle — Affirmation

In the KJV here: also

also ×287 and also ×60 yea ×51 and ×42 even ×38 both ×25 moreover ×21 likewise ×14

More options

also — Default additive use; broadly applicable in most contexts.

even — Use for emphasis or surprise; intensifies the following word.

too — Informal additive; natural at the end of a clause.

moreover — Adds a stronger, cumulative point; slightly formal register.

likewise — Signals parallel action or similarity between two parties.

indeed — Affirming or intensifying; suits emphatic or asseverative contexts.

BDB1688 H1571

גַּם₇₆₈ adverb denoting addition, also, moreover, yea (Moabite id., also Zinjirli (Lzb²⁵⁰ Cooke¹⁶⁶); probably akin to √ ; compare (accusative) in a mass, altogether) —

1. also, moreover, emphasizing sometimes the thought of an entire sentence, but more usually the word immediately following, as Gen 3:6 וַתִּתֵּן גַּם לְאִישָׁהּ and gave also to her husband, vGen 3:27 and take also of the tree of life, Gen 7:3; Gen 19:21; Gen 24:19; Gen 26:21; Gen 29:27; Gen 30:15; Gen 32:21 (גַּם הִגֵּה ֗֗֗ : so Esth 7:9) Gen 48:11; Exod 8:28; Exod 12:32b Deut 1:37; 1Sam 28:20; 2Sam 11:12; 2Kgs 9:27; Isa 7:13 +. Often before pronouns, Gen 4:4 וְהֶבֶל הֵבִיא גַם הוּא and Abel, he also brought, Gen 20:5 וְהִיאגַֿםהִֿוא (so only here) and she herself also, vGen 20:6; Gen 27:31 וַיַּעַשׂ גַּם הוּא, Gen 30:8; Deut 3:20; Judg 3:31; Judg 6:35; Judg 9:19; 1Sam 19:20-24; Jer 12:6; Jer 48:26 etc. (compare MI⁶ ויאמר גם הא): especially in genealogies of J (Bu^{Urg. 220}) Gen 4:22; Gen 4:26; Gen 10:21; Gen 19:38; Gen 22:20; Gen 22:24 compare Judg 8:31. גַּם followed by pronoun also begins a sentence with emphasis in an elevated style, thou (they) also, Isa 14:10; Jer 12:6 (twice in verse); Jer 48:7; Ezek 16:52; Nah 3:11 (twice in verse). After a pronoun in an oblique case (Ges^{«GKC:135»§ 135}, 2) Gen 27:34; 1Sam 19:23; 2Sam 17:5; Jer 25:14; Jer 27:7 +. וְגַם and also (more often than גַּם alone attaching a sentence) Gen 6:4; Gen 14:16; Gen 15:14; Gen 17:16; Gen 20:12; Gen 24:14; Gen 24:46; Gen 30:6; Gen 37:7; Gen 38:24; Gen 42:28; Exod 2:19; Exod 3:9; Exod 4:14; Josh 7:11 (5 t.) 1Sam 4:17; 1Kgs 21:19 + often; with a negative = neither Exod 5:2; Exod 34:3 and elsewhere — גַּם ֗֗֗ גַּם (like et ... et) both ... and Gen 44:16; Gen 47:3; Gen 47:19; Num 18:3; Jer 51:12; Ps 49:3 +: גַּם ֗֗֗ גַּם ֗֗֗ גַּם Gen 24:25; Judg 8:22; Eccl 9:6: with a negative neither ... nor Num 23:25; 1Sam 20:27; 1Kgs 3:26, and (3 t.) Gen 43:8; Exod 4:10; 1Sam 28:6. So (but seldom) גַּםוְ֗֗֗גַם Gen 24:44; Gen 1:26; Gen 12:14; Gen 26:25: with negative 1Sam 21:9. —

N.B. In poetry independence and emphasis is sometimes given by גַּם to a new idea, where in English we should be satisfied with and: Ps 107:5; Ps 137:1; Job 24:19; Song 7:14; Lam 4:15.

2. with stress on a particular word, even, Exod 4:9; Num 22:33 גַּם אוֺתְךָ even thee I had slain, and kept her alive, 2Sam 17:10; Jer 2:33; Ps 132:12; Prov 14:13 even in laughter the heart is sorrowful, vProv 14:20; Prov 17:28; Prov 20:11; Ruth 2:15; Neh 3:35 and so often after כִּי, Deut 12:31 for even their sons they burn in the fire to their gods, 1Sam 22:17; Isa 26:12; Jer 6:11; Jer 12:6; Jer 14:5; Hos 9:12 כִּיגַֿםאֿוֺי לָהֶם for even woe is it to them when I depart from them; הֲגַם Gen 16:13; 1Sam 10:11; 1Sam 10:12 = 1Sam 19:24; 1Kgs 17:20; Ps 78:20; Job 41:1; Esth 7:8. Other cases: — 1Sam 24:12 רְאֵה גַּם רְאֵה see, yea see ! (but Hup^{Qu. Job vi.} גַּם רָאֹה: compare below) Ps 118:11; Job 2:10 גַּם אֶתהַֿטּוֺב נְקַבֵּל shall we receive good (emphatic) from God and not evil ? Job 21:7 interposed once between a substantive and adjective Gen 20:4 gentemne etiam justam interficies? emphasizing כֹּל, Deut 28:61; Judg 9:49b 1Sam 22:7 גַּםֿ לְכֻלְּכֶם to all (emphatic) of you will he give ...? 2Sam 19:31 גַּם אֶתהַֿכֹּל יִקָּ֑ח yea, the whole let him take! Isa 26:12 אֶחָד 2Sam 17:12b and we will not leave גַּם אֶחָד ֗֗֗ even one (similarly v2Sam 17:13 b), Ps 14:3 (= Ps 53:4) אֵין גַּם אֶחָד; an infinitive or cognate accusative attached to a verb, Gen 31:15; Gen 46:4; Num 11:15; Num 16:13; 1Sam 1:6. גַּם שְׁנֵיהֶם literally even both i.e. the one as well as the other (German alle beide) is said idiomatically, Gen 27:45 (שְׁנֵיכֶם), Deut 22:22; Deut 23:19; 1Sam 25:43 (שְׁתֵּיהֶן), Prov 17:15; Prov 20:10; Prov 20:12; Ruth 1:5.

3. introducing a climax, yea, especially in a rhetorical style, Gen 27:33; Deut 23:3; Deut 23:4; Judg 5:4 (twice in verse); Isa 13:3; Isa 14:8; Isa 43:13 yea, from to-day I am the same, Isa 44:12 גַּם רָעֵב yea, he is hungry, and has no strength, Isa 47:3; Isa 48:8 (3 t. in verse); Isa 57:7; Jer 46:16; Jer 48:2; Jer 51:44; Hos 7:9; Ps 41:10; Ps 84:7; Ps 139:12; Isa 66:8 כִּיחָֿ֫לָה גַּםיָָֽֿלְדָה, צִיּוֺן אֶתבָּֿנֶיהָ, Jer 5:28; Jer 12:2; Ezek 24:5; Job 21:7; Song 8:1: emphasizing an extreme, or aggravated, case, yea, even, Isa 49:15 yea, these may forgot, Jer 8:17 yea, the stork knoweth, etc., Isa 23:12 גַּם שָׁם even there no rest shall be for thee (so Ps 139:10), Isa 49:25; Isa 57:6; Jer 23:11b; Mal 3:15; Ps 84:4.

4. expressing correspondence, especially in the matter of retribution (the גַּם correlativum), so frequently גַּם אֲנִי, גַּם אָנֹכִי I also (on my part): — Gen 20:6 I also [as well as thyself] know that thou hast done this innocently, Josh 24:18; Judg 2:21; 1Sam 1:28 (compare Dr) 1Sam 28:22 גַּם אַתָּה thou also (as I have done v1Sam 28:21), 2Sam 12:13 ׳י also [responding to thy confession] hath removed thy sin, 2Kgs 2:3; 2Kgs 2:5; Isa 31:2; Isa 66:3-4 (גם ֗֗֗ גם, emphasizing the action of both parties), Jer 2:36; Jer 4:12 now will I also [in correspondence with their deeds] speak judgments with them, Jer 7:11; Jer 51:49 (גם ֗֗֗ גם), Ezek 5:8; Ezek 5:11; Ezek 16:43 (וְגַם = therefore also), Ezek 23:35; Hos 4:6 because thou hast forgotten the direction of thy God, I also (on my part) will forget thy children, Ps 52:7 (thou lovest evil, etc.) גַּם אֵל יִתָּצְךָ God also (on his part) will pluck thee up, Ps 71:22; Ps 133:1; Prov 1:26; Job 7:11; Job 12:3; Job 16:4 so וְגַם Judg 2:3; Amos 4:6; Amos 4:7; Mic 6:13; Mal 2:9. In the apodosis (uncommon): Gen 13:16 if a man could number the dust of the earth, גַּם זַרְעֲךָ יִמָּנֶה thy seed also should be numbered, Jer 31:36; Jer 31:37; Jer 33:21; Jer 33:26; Zech 8:6. The correspondence is sometimes of the nature of a climax: Gen 27:33; Gen 30:8 I have wrestled, גַּם יָכֹלְתִּי (compare 1Kgs 22:22 וְגַם תּוּכָ֔ל, Jer 50:24), Isa 66:8.

5. connecting two ideas which express (or imply) a contradiction, גַּם acquires sometimes an adversative force (compare אַף 1 end), yet, but, though: Ps 95:9 they tried me, but also (Che) saw my work (namely of judgment), Ps 129:2; Jer 6:15 = Jer 8:12; Ezek 20:23; Eccl 4:8; Eccl 4:16; Eccl 5:18; Neh 6:1. So וְגַם Ezek 16:28; Ezek 20:15; Eccl 3:13; Eccl 6:7; Neh 5:8.

6. גַּם כִּי (with imperfect) yea, when Lam 3:8, even when Prov 22:6 yea though (stating an imagined case) Isa 1:15; Hos 8:10; Hos 9:16; Ps 23:4 (so גַּם אִם Eccl 8:17); also (is it) that Ruth 2:21 (see כִּי 1 d). כִּי גַם = for even (see above 2); = though even, although (conceding a fact) Eccl 4:14 (see De) Eccl 8:12.

also, yea, even, and, both, …

gam

properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and

also, even, indeed, moreover, yea

also, moreover (giving emphasis)

לֵאָ֛ה

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Leah")

Dictionary form: לֵאָה · lay-AW

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: leah

leah ×20 leahs ×4 was leah ×2 and leah ×1 and leah to ×1 and like leah ×1 more than leah ×1 of leah ×1

More options

Leah — Standard modern English rendering of this proper name.

Leah's — Possessive form; use when indicating ownership or association.

of Leah — Genitive construction; use in formal or literary contexts.

to Leah — Dative use; indicates direction or recipient.

like Leah — Comparative use; for similes referencing this figure.

BDB4275 H3812

לֵאָה₃₄ proper name, feminine Leah, elder daughter of Laban, and wife of Jacob (perhaps = wild-cow, Arabic , () [compare רָחֵל ewe], Dl^{Prol. 80} RS^{K 219 and} (doubtfully) Nö^{ZMG xl. 1886, 167}; also Gray^{Heb. Names, 96}; others as Hpt^{GGN 1883, 100} compare Assyrian li'at, in sense mistress; on possibly relation of לֵאָה to לִוֵי see לִוֵי); — mother of Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun and Dinah; Gen 29:16; Gen 29:17; Gen 29:23; Gen 29:24; Gen 29:25; Gen 29:30; Gen 29:31; Gen 29:32 (compare vGen 29:33 vGen 29:34 vGen 29:35) Gen 30:9 + 15 t. Gen 31:32; Gen 33:1; Gen 33:2; Gen 33:7; Gen 34:1; Gen 35:23; Gen 35:26; Gen 46:15; Gen 46:18; Gen 49:31; Ruth 4:11 ᵐ5 Λ(ε)ια.

leah, leahs

lēʾâ

weary

Leah, a wife of Jacob

daughter of Laban, first wife of Jacob, and mother of Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, and Dinah

וִ ֽילָדֶ֖י הָ

וִ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

ֽילָדֶ֖י

Root word child, children, men, ones, sons, …

הָ

Suffix — pronoun her / it

Dictionary form: יֶלֶד · yeh-LED

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and with her children

the child ×16 the children ×8 children ×6 child ×5 of the child ×3 sons ×3 and children ×2 and her children ×2

More options

child — Most versatile; fits nearly any context involving a young person.

boy — Prefer when gender and youth are both explicitly in view.

youth — Slightly older connotation; suits adolescent or young adult males.

young one — Gentle, inclusive rendering; good for tender or poetic passages.

offspring — Emphasizes lineage or descent rather than age.

lad — Informal, slightly literary; captures smallness or endearment.

BDB3544 H3206

יֶ֫לֶד₈₉ noun masculine^{Gen 21:8} child, son, boy, youth; — יֶּ֫לֶד absolute Gen 4:23 +; construct Jer 31:20 יָ֫לֶד Gen 21:16 +; plural יְלָדִים Gen 33:1 +; construct יַלְדֵי Exod 2:6 + 2 t.; יִלְדֵיֿ Isa 57:4 suffix יְלָדַי Gen 30:26; 2Kgs 4:1 יַלְדֵיהֶם Job 21:11 יַלְדֵיהֶן Gen 33:2 + 4 t., etc.; —
a. child = son, boy, Gen 21:8; Gen 21:14; Gen 21:15; Gen 21:16; Gen 37:30; Gen 42:32 (all E), Gen 32:23 (Dinah not included), compare Gen 30:26; Gen 33:1; Gen 33:2 (twice in verse); Gen 33:5 (twice in verse); Gen 33:6; Gen 33:7; Gen 33:13; Gen 37:14; Gen 44:20 (all J); Exod 1:17; Exod 1:18 (|| בֵּן vExod 1:16), Exod 2:3; Exod 2:6 (twice in verse); Exod 2:7; Exod 2:8; Exod 2:9 (twice in verse); Exod 2:10 (all E), Exod 21:4 (E; app. = sons + daughters, but || בָּנָי֫ vExod 21:5); plural = offspring Exod 21:24 (E; Hexateuch, only Genesis & Exodus, J E); also Ruth 1:5; Ruth 4:16; 2Sam 12:15; 2Sam 12:18 (4 t. in verse); 2Sam 12:19 (twice in verse); 2Sam 12:21 (twice in verse); 2Sam 12:22 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 3:25 (compare v1Kgs 3:20), 1Kgs 14:12; 1Kgs 17:21 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 17:22; 1Kgs 17:23; 2Kgs 4:1 (compare v2Kgs 4:5) v2Kgs 4:18 v2Kgs 4:26 v2Kgs 4:34 v2Kgs 4:34; Isa 8:18; Isa 9:5 (|| בֵּן), Joel 4:3 (opposed to יַלְדָּה), Zech 8:5 (id.); of young of raven Job 38:41 of wild goats and hinds Job 39:3 of cow and bear Isa 11:7.
b. (little) child, children 1Sam 1:2 (twice in verse); 2Sam 6:23; Ezra 10:1; Neh 12:43; Job 21:11 (|| עֲוִילִים), Hos 1:2; Lam 4:10; Isa 57:5.
c. descendants Isa 29:23, יַלְדֵי נכרים (compare בֵּן) Isa 2:6.
d. youth Gen 4:23 (J), 1Kgs 12:8; 1Kgs 12:10; 1Kgs 12:14 = 2Chr 10:8; 2Chr 10:10; 2Chr 10:14; Dan 1:4; Dan 1:10; Dan 1:13; Dan 1:15; Dan 1:17 compare 2Kgs 2:24 (|| נְעָרִים קְטַנִּים v2Kgs 2:23), Eccl 4:13; Eccl 4:15.
e. figurative of apostate Israelites יִלְדֵיפֶֿשַׁע Isa 57:4 (|| זֶרַע שָׁ֑קֶר); compare, in good sense, ילד שַׁעֲשׁוּעִים Jer 31:20 of Ephraim (|| בֵּן יַקִּיר).

child, children, men, ones, sons, …

yeled

something born, i.e., a lad or offspring

child, son, boy, offspring, youth

child, son, boy

וַ יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֑וּ

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲו֑וּ

Root word worship, worshipped, bowed, down, obeisance, …

Dictionary form: שָׁחָה · shaw-HAW

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Hithpael, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine plural reflexive — "he did it to / for himself" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: and bowed themselves

and worshipped ×23 and bowed himself ×11 and worship ×9 to worship ×9 and bowed herself ×4 and did obeisance ×4 and bowed themselves ×3 and he bowed himself ×3

More options

bow down — Most literal; physical posture of submission or reverence.

worship — Best for religious/devotional contexts directed toward a deity.

prostrate oneself — Emphasizes full-body submission; strongest physical sense.

pay homage — Suits royal or diplomatic contexts; dignified register.

do obeisance — Formal reverence toward a superior; slightly elevated register.

kneel — Less emphatic than prostration; use when posture is upright bow.

BDB8581 H7812

[שָׁחָה]₁₇₂ verb bow down (Late Hebrew id.; Jewish-Aramaic שְׁחִי (rare); akin to שׁוח, שׁחח); —

Qal Imperative feminine singular שְׁחִי Isa 51:23 bow down. Hiph`il Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַשְׁחֶ֑נָּה Prov 12:25, figurative, anxiety depresses it (that is לֵב; opposed to שִׂמֵּחַ). Hithpa`lel₁₇₀ (Ges^{«GKC:75kk»§ 75kk}) Perfect 3 masculine singular הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה Ezek 46:2 2 masculine singular הִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֫יתָ Deut 4:19 + 3 t.; 1 singular הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵ֫יתִי 1Sam 16:4 + 2 t.; 3 masculine plural הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Jer 8:2, etc.; Imperfect יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה 2Sam 15:32 + 3 t.; apocopatic יִשְׁתַּ֫חוּ Isa 44:17 +; 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Gen 49:8 +; 2 feminine plural תִּשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֫יןָ Gen 33:6; Gen 37:7, etc.; Imperative feminine singular הִשְׁתַּחֲוִי Ps 45:12 masculine plural הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Ps 29:2 +; Infinitive construct הִשְׁשַׁתַּחֲוֺת Gen 37:10 +; suffix מִשְׁתַּחֲוֶי 2Kgs 5:18 (but ᵐ5 ᵑ9 and modern חֲוֺתוֺ-); Participle מִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה 2Kgs 19:27, etc.; מִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶּם Ezek 8:16, read וִים- all modern; —

1. bow down, prostrate oneself, before a monarch or superior, in homage, etc.:
a. with ל, after descriptive clause (especially with קדד, נפל 3 b, q. v. ), 1Sam 24:9; Gen 43:28 (J) 2Sam 14:4; 2Sam 14:22; Ruth 2:10; 1Kgs 1:31; 2Kgs 4:37 + 6 t., + (after כָּרֵע) Esth 3:2 (twice in verse); Esth 3:5.
b. with ל, followed by phrase (לפני) על אפים ארצה 2Sam 14:33; 1Kgs 1:23 לאפים Gen 48:12 (E) 2Sam 18:28 אפים Gen 42:6 (E) + 4 t.; omit אפים Gen 33:3 (J) + 3 t.; עַל כַּפּוֺת רֵנְלַיִךְ Isa 60:14.
c. with לְ person only, Gen 23:7 (P) Gen 27:29 (twice in verse); Gen 37:9 (E), Gen 49:8; Exod 11:8 (J) + 8 t.; with לפני Gen 23:12 (P); with אל Isa 45:14 (|| התפלּל); absolute Gen 33:6; Gen 33:7 (twice in verse) (J), Exod 18:7 (E) 2Sam 9:8; 2Sam 16:4; Isa 49:7.

2. before God, in worship, etc.:
a. with לְ, after descriptive phrase: קדד ארצה Exod 34:8 (J); ארצה omitted Gen 24:26; Gen 24:48 (J) + 4 t.; כרע אפים ארצה 2Chr 7:3 כרע 2Chr 29:29 נפל ארצה Job 1:20 נפל לפני 2Chr 20:18.
b. followed by phrase: אפים ארצה ׳ל ׳קדד וישׁ Neh 8:6 ׳ארצה ל Gen 24:52 (J); ונכרעה ׳השׁ Ps 95:6 בְּהַדְרַת קֹדֶשׁ ׳ל ׳השׁ Ps 29:2; Ps 96:9 = 1Chr 16:29 אֶלהֵֿיכָל (looking towards) Ps 5:8; Ps 138:2 לַהֲדֹם רגלים Ps 99:5; Ps 132:7.
c. with לְ only: 1Sam 1:28 (but read וַתַּנִּחֵהוּ ᵐ5 and modern), 1Sam 15:25; Jer 7:2; Ps 66:4 + 9 t.; with לפני Deut 26:10; Isa 66:23 + 4 t.; with בְ local Isa 27:13 with לְ local Ps 99:9 absolute Gen 22:5 (E) Judg 7:15 + 5 t.; accusative of location Exod 33:10 (E) Jer 26:2; Ezek 46:3 לפני (ה)מזבח Isa 36:7 = 2Kgs 18:22 = 2Chr 32:12 with על location Gen 47:31 (J) 1Kgs 1:47; Ezek 46:2 מֵרֶחֹק after off Exod 24:1 (E).
d. before angel in theoph.: after clause with נפל, קדד, Josh 5:14; Num 22:31 followed by אפים ארצה Gen 19:1 ארצה Gen 18:2 (all J).

3. before other gods: absolute Isa 2:20; Isa 44:15; Isa 44:17; Isa 46:6 accusative of location 2Kgs 5:18 (3 t. in verse); 2Kgs 19:37 = Isa 37:38 with לְ, Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:9 (10 words), Exod 23:24 (E), Num 25:2 (J), Josh 23:7 (D), Deut 8:19; Deut 11:16; 1Kgs 16:31 + 34 t.; with על, Lev 26:1 (H); לפני 2Chr 25:14 (|| קטּר).

worship, worshipped, bowed, down, obeisance, …

šāḥâ

to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or God)

to bow down

(Qal) to bow down

to bow down, prostrate oneself

before superior in homage

וְ אַחַ֗ר

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אַחַ֗ר

Adverb after, behind, afterward, following, followed, …

Dictionary form: אַחַר · ah-HAHR

Adverb

In the KJV here: and after

after ×313 and after ×47 and afterward ×28 behind ×25 after that ×23 from following ×21 after him ×15 after them ×14

More options

after — Most versatile; suits temporal and sequential contexts.

behind — Prefer for spatial/positional contexts.

following — Good for pursuit or discipleship contexts.

afterward — Purely temporal; signals what comes next in narrative.

since — Use when marking a causal or temporal starting point.

from then on — Emphasizes ongoing continuation after a turning point.

BDB336 H310

אַחַר properly substantive the hinder or following part (compare the plural)

1. adverb a. of place, behind, twice Gen 22:13 (many MSS. ⅏ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Ol Ew read אֶחָד see Di) Ps 68:26.
b. of time, afterwards Gen 10:18; Gen 18:5; Gen 24:55; Gen 30:21; Judg 19:5 +; וְאַחַר in laws of P, as Lev 14:8; Lev 14:19; Lev 15:28; Lev 22:7; Num 5:26 and elsewhere

2. preposition a. of place, behind, after Exod 3:1; Exod 11:5; 2Kgs 11:6; Song 2:9; Isa 57:8: הָלַח אַחַר to go after, follow Gen 37:17; 2Kgs 13:2; 2Kgs 23:3; Isa 65:2; Ezek 13:3; Job 31:7 חָיָה אַחַר 1Sam 12:14 מֵאַחַר from after 2Sam 7:8; Ps 78:71; Isa 59:13.
b. of time, after Gen 9:28; Lev 25:15 al; הָאֵלֶּה אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים after these things Gen 15:1; Gen 22:1; Gen 39:7; Gen 40:1; 1Kgs 17:17; 1Kgs 21:1; Ezra 7:1; Esth 2:1; Esth 3:1 אַחַר כֵּן Lev 14:36; Deut 21:13; 1Sam 10:5 אַחַר זֶה (late) 2Chr 32:9 followed by infinitive Num 6:19; Jer 40:1; 1Chr 2:24; Job 21:3 עַד אַחַר till after Neh 13:19.
c. Neh 5:15 strangely: Ew RV besides; but text probably corrupt, see Be Ry.

3. conjunction אַחַר אֲשֶׁר after that Ezek 40:1 and without אשׁר Lev 14:43; Jer 41:16; Job 42:7. As preposition & conjunction the plural אַחֲרֵי is much more frequently, which in any case must be used before suffixes. Plural only construct אַחֲרֵי with suffix אַחֲרַי, אַחֲרֶיךָ, etc.

1. substantive hinder part 2Sam 2:23 בְּאַחֲרֵי הַחֲנִית with the hinder end of the spear.

2. preposition a. of place, behind, after Gen 18:10 וְהוּא אַחֲרָיו and it behind him Deut 11:30; Judg 5:14; 1Sam 14:13; 1Sam 21:10; Hos 5:8 אַחֲרֶיךָ Behind thee! (sc. Look or The foe is); with a verbas הִבִּיט to look Gen 19:17; 1Sam 24:9, הֵנִיעַ ראֹשׁ to shake the head 2Kgs 19:21 ( = Isa 37:22), especially verbs expressing or implying motion, as בָּא to enter in (see Dr 2Sam 20:14) בִּעֵר, דָּבֵק, דָּלַק, הָיָה, הָלַח, מִלֵּא, פָּנָה, רָדַף, הִשְׁלִיח (see these words).
b. of time, after Gen 9:9 זַרְעֲכֶם אַחֲרֵיכֶם your seed after you; similarly Gen 17:7-10; Gen 17:19; Gen 35:12; Gen 48:4; Exod 28:43; Num 25:13 all P (also Deut 1:8; Deut 4:37; Deut 10:15; 1Sam 24:22; 2Sam 7:12 ||), & with בָּנָיו Gen 18:19 J ( + בֵּיתוֺ) Exod 29:29 P Lev 25:46 H Deut 4:40; Deut 12:25; Deut 12:28; Jer 32:18; Jer 32:39; 1Chr 28:8; Prov 20:7, דּוֺרוֺתֵינוּ Josh 22:27, בֵּיתוֺ Job 21:21; Exod 10:14; Judg 10:3 etc.; with infinitive Gen 5:4 אַחֲרֵי הוֺלִידֹוֺ after his begetting Sheth, Gen 13:14; Gen 14:17; Gen 18:12; Gen 25:11 + often; אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן afterwards Gen 6:4 (אחרי כן אשׁר = afterwards, when, compare 2Chr 35:20) Gen 15:14; Gen 23:18; Gen 25:26; Gen 32:21; Gen 41:31; Gen 45:15 etc.; ויהי אחריכֿן as a formula of transition chiefly in 2 Samuel (2Sam 2:1; 2Sam 8:1 || 2Sam 10:1 || 2Sam 13:1; 2Sam 21:18 ||) compare 1Sam 24:6; Judg 16:4; 2Kgs 6:24; 2Chr 20:1; 2Chr 24:4 ; in late Hebrew אַחֲרֵי זֹאת Job 42:16; Ezra 9:10; 2Chr 21:18 ( + כָּלֿ 2Chr 35:20 (do.); compare Aramaic אַחֲרֵי דְנָה Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45, and בָּאתַר דְּנָה Dan 7:6; Dan 7:7. — The local (metaphor) and temporal senses blend Ps 49:14 וְאַחֲרֵיהֶם בְּפִיהֶם יִרְצוּ & after them (i.e. following, imitating them) men applaud their speech, compare Job 21:33.

3. conjunction אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר after that, with the finite verb Deut 24:4; Josh 7:8; Josh 9:16; Josh 23:1; Josh 24:20 +; without אשׁר Lev 25:48; 1Sam 5:9 . (The most common construction of אחרי is as a preposition with the infinitive construct) Josh 2:7 אַחֲרֵי כַּאֲשֶׁר יָצְאוּ must be an error, either for אחרי אשׁר or for כאשׁר alone (notice אחריהם twice in the same verse); 2Sam 24:10 read אַחֲרֵי סָפַר see Dr.

4. with other prepositions: —
a. מֵאַחֲרֵי₅₇, 1Chr 17:7 מִןאַֿחֲרֵי (|| 2Sam 7:8 מֵאַחַר); (α) from behind Gen 19:26; 2Sam 2:23 from after i.e. from following after, usually with שׁוּב or סוּר 1Sam 24:2; 2Sam 2:22; 2Sam 2:26; 2Sam 2:30; 2Sam 11:15; Josh 22:16; Josh 22:18; Josh 22:23; Josh 22:29; 1Sam 15:11 +; with other verbs of motion, as עָלָה 1Sam 14:46; 2Sam 20:2, נַעֲלָה 2Sam 2:27, לָקַח Amos 7:15; 1Chr 17:7, זָנָה Hos 1:2 pregnantly Isa 30:21 thy ears shall hear a word מֵאַחֲרֶיךָ coming from behind thee, Jer 9:21 (that is נָפַל, see v^a) 1Sam 13:7 ᵐ5^L We Dr חָֽרְדוּ מֵאַחֲרָיו (β) denoting position (מן = off, on the side of; see מן behind Exod 14:19 (twice in verse); Josh 8:2; Josh 8:4; Josh 8:14; 1Kgs 10:19; Neh 4:7 (מֵאַחֲרֵי לְ) 2Chr 13:13 b, (γ) of time (rare) Deut 29:21; Eccl 10:14 מֵאַחֲרֵי כֵן 2Sam 3:28; 2Sam 15:1; 2Chr 32:23.
b. אֶלאַֿחֲרֵי 2Sam 5:23; 2Kgs 9:18 סֹב אֶלאַֿחֲרַי v2Kgs 9:19; Zech 6:6.
c. עַלאַֿחֲרֵי Ezek 41:15 beside, at the back of.

BDB337 H310

אַחֲרַי adjective Prov 28:23 (si vera lectio)

BDB3524 H310 H3186

(ו)ייחר Kt 2Sam 20:5 (Qr וַיּ֫וֺחֶר) see אחר above and Dr^sm.

BDB9289 H311 H310 H870

[אחר] plural with אַחֲרֵי, preposition after (Cappadocian and Egyptian Aramaic אחר afterwards (Lzb^{Eph.i. 361} S-C^{pap C 8}), probably Nabataean אחר after (Lzb²¹² SAC¹⁶); Egyptian Aramaic אחריכם (S-C^{Pap. c 8}+); ᵑ7 (sometimes) אֲחוֺרֵי; Biblical Hebrew אַחַר); — אַחֲרֵי דְנָה after this Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45 with suffix אַחֲרֵיהֹן Dan 7:24. Usu. Aramaic synonym בָּאתַר, q. v.

after, behind, afterward, following, followed, …

ʾaḥar

properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)

after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time)

as an adverb

behind (of place)

behind, after (of place)

hinder part

from behind

נִגַּ֥שׁ

Root word near, nigh, brought, came, hither, …

Dictionary form: נָגַשׁ · naw-ɡAHSH

Verb — Niphal, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: near

came near ×8 come near ×6 came ×5 come nigh ×5 brought ×4 drew near ×4 and they came near ×3 bring hither ×3

More options

approach — Broad and natural; fits most contexts well.

come near — Modernized KJV form; clear for movement toward someone.

draw near — Slightly formal; suits worship or solemn contexts.

step forward — Good for scenes of presentation or summons.

present — Best when an offering or person is brought before another.

move closer — Colloquial; suits narrative or conversational prose.

BDB4983 H5066

[נָגַשׁ]₁₂₅ verb draw near, approach, less frequently synonym of קרב q. v. (Late Hebrew id. Hiph`il (rare) and derivatives ); —

Qal₆₈ Imperfect יִגַּשׁ Exod 24:14 +, יִגָּ֑שׁ Ps 91:7, וַיִּגַּשׁ Gen 18:23 +; 3 feminine singular וַתִּגַּשׁ Gen 33:7 2 masculine singular תִּגַּשֿׁ Isa 65:5 3 masculine plural יִגְּשׁוּ Isa 41:1 +, יִגָּ֑שׁוּ Exod 24:2, יִגַּ֑שׁוּ Job 41:8 (Baer; van d. H. יִנָּ֑שׁוּ); 3 feminine plural וַתִּגַּשְׁןָ Gen 33:6, etc.; Imperative גַּשׁ 2Sam 1:15, גֶּשֿׁ Gen 19:9, גְּשָׁה Gen 27:21 + 2 t.; feminine singular גְּשִׁי; Ruth 2:14, etc.; Infinitive construct לָגֶ֫שֶׁת Judg 20:23 +; suffix גִּשְׁתּוֺ Gen 33:3 גִּשְׁתָּם Exod 28:43 + 2 t.; — draw or come near, 1. human subject: followed by אֶלֿ person Gen 27:22; Gen 43:19; Gen 44:18; Gen 45:4 (all J), Exod 19:15 (of sexual intercourse), Exod 24:2; Num 32:16; Josh 14:6 (all E), Exod 34:30; Josh 21:1 (P), + 10 t. elsewhere (not D), + Ps 91:7 (subject pestilence personified); of priestly approach to ׳י Ezek 44:13, compare Jer 30:21b, also followed by אֶלֿ of altar Exod 28:43; Exod 30:20; Lev 21:23 and absolute, vLev 21:21 (all P or H); followed by אֶלֿ of thing also Num 8:16 followed by עַדֿ person Gen 33:3 (J), of thing Judg 9:52 followed by עַלֿ person Ezek 9:6, of thing Ezek 44:13 followed by בְּ person Isa 65:5 (|| קָרַב אֶלֿ); in Amos 9:10 read תִּגַּשׁ בַעֲדֵנוּ (for ᵑ0 תַּגִּישׁ Hiph`il compare We GASm Dr Now; || קִדֵּם); followed by לַמִּלְחָמָה draw near for battle Judg 20:23; Jer 46:3; 2Sam 10:13 = 1Chr 19:14 (+ לִפְנֵי person); followed by accusative of person 1Sam 9:18; 1Sam 30:21, of thing Num 4:19 (P), but accusative difficult; Dr reads אֶלֿ for אֶתֿ 1Sam 9:18; Num 4:19, compare Klo HPS; in 1Sam 30:21 Dr takes אֶתֿ = with; followed by הֲלוֺם hither, 1Sam 14:38; Ruth 2:14 absolute Gen 18:23; Gen 27:21; Gen 29:10; Gen 33:6; Gen 33:7; Gen 45:4 (all J), Exod 24:2 (E), Josh 8:11 (E; + ויבאו), + 9 t. (not P, D),+ Gen 27:26; Gen 27:27 (E), Josh 3:9 (J), 2Sam 1:15; 2Chr 29:31 (all Imperative followed by 2nd Imperative), + Gen 19:9 (J), Lev 21:21 (twice in verse) (H), 2Kgs 4:27 (all followed by Infinitive purpose); Note especially גֶּשׁהָֿ֫לְאָה Gen 19:9 lit approach thither! i.e. move away ! compare גְּשָׁהלִֿי וְאֵשׁ֑בָה Isa 46:20 move away for me (make room for me that I may dwell (|| צַרלִֿי הַמָּקוֺם).

2. inanimate subject בְּאֶחָד יִגַּ֫שׁוּ אֶחָד Job 41:8 one to another they approach (fit closely together; of scales of crocodile ). —

Qal not in D.

Niph`al Perfect נִגַּשׁ Gen 33:7 +; 3 feminine singular וְנִגְּשָׁה Deut 25:9 3 masculine plural נִגְּשׁוּ Exod 34:32 +; נִגַּשְׁתֶּם 2Sam 11:20; 2Sam 11:21 Participle plural נִגָּשִׁים Exod 19:22 — draw near = Qal (and substitute for it in D): — followed by אֶלֿ person Deut 25:9; 1Kgs 20:13; Ezra 9:1, of priestly approach to Yahweh Exod 19:22 (J), Jer 30:21 followed by אֶלֿ of thing Exod 20:21; Exod 24:2 (both E), 2Sam 11:20; 2Sam 11:21, אֶלהַֿמִּשְׁפָּט Deut 25:1 followed by בְּ person Amos 9:13 followed by לַמִּלְחָמָה 1Sam 7:10 absolute Gen 33:7 (J), Deut 20:2 (|| קרב), Deut 21:5; Exod 34:32 (P), so figurative of worship Isa 29:13.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix consecutive וְהִגִּישׁוֺ Exod 21:6 (twice in verse), וְהִגִּישָׁהּ Lev 2:8 3 plural הִגִּ֫ישׁוּ 2Sam 17:29 2 masculine plural הִגַּשְׁתֶּם Amos 5:25 Imperfect jussive יַגֵּשׁJob 40:19 וַיַגֶּשֿׁ Gen 27:25 וַיַּגַּ֑שׁ Judg 6:19 3 feminine singular תַּגִּישׁ Amos 9:10, וַתַּגֵּשׁ 1Sam 28:25; 2Sam 13:11 3 masculine plural יַגִּ֫ישׁוּ Isa 41:22 2 masculine plural תַּגִּ֫ישׁוּ Mal 1:8, תַּגִּישׁוּן vMal 1:8, וַתַּגִּישׁוּן Amos 6:3, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הַגִּ֫ישָׁה Gen 27:25 +; masculine plural הַגִּ֫ישׁוּ 1Sam 13:9 +; Participle מַגִּישׁ Mal 2:12 plural construct מַגִּישֵׁי Mal 3:3, etc.; — cause to approach, bring near, bring, followed by אֶלֿ person (usually object accusative of thing, rarely person Exod 21:6 (twice in verse); 1Sam 15:32; Gen 48:10 compare vGen 48:13): — Gen 48:10; Gen 48:13 (E), Exod 21:6 (twice in verse) (E), 1Sam 13:9; 1Sam 14:34; 1Sam 15:32; 2Sam 13:11 (+ Infinitive purpose), 2Kgs 4:5; 2Kgs 4:6 followed by אֶלהַֿמִּוְבֵּךְַ Lev 2:8 (P; of sacrifice); עַלמִֿזְבְּחִי Mal 1:7 (sacrifice); לְ person Gen 27:25 (twice in verse) (E), 1Sam 30:7; 2Sam 17:29 (read וַיַּגִּישׁוּ ᵐ5 Th We Klo Kit, compare Dr), of sacrifice Amos 5:25; Mal 2:12; Mal 3:3 לִפְנֵי person 1Sam 28:25; 2Chr 29:23 no preposition Exod 32:6 (J), 1Sam 14:18; 1Sam 14:34; 1Sam 23:9; 1Sam 30:7; Judg 6:19 (following הוציא אֶלֿ), Amos 6:3; 1Kgs 5:1; Lev 8:14 (P), of sacrifice also Mal 1:8 (לִזְבֹּחַ), vMal 1:8 (|| הקריב); figurative (object proofs, evidences) Isa 41:21 (|| קרב), vIsa 41:22 (+ וַיַּגִּידוּ), compare Isa 45:21 (|| הַגִּידוּ); הָעשֹׁוֺ יַגֵּשׁ חַרְבּוֺ Job 40:19 let him that made him (the hippotamus) draw near his sword, is dubious; Du נֹגֵשׂ חֲבֵרָו [י]הֶעָשׂוּ who is made ruler of its fellows (other conjectures see Di Bu); Amos 9:10 read תִּגַּשׁ Qal q. v. ). Hoph`al Perfect 3 masculine plural לאֹלִֿנְחֻשְׁתַּיִם הֻגַּ֑שׁוּ 2Sam 3:34 (Ginsb הֻגָּ֫שׁוּ thy feet have not been brought near (put into) fetters; Participle מֻגָּשׁ לשׁמי Mal 1:11 it (impersonal) is offered to my name. Hithpa`el Imperative masculine plural הִתְנַגְּשׁוּ Isa 45:20 draw near! (|| הִקָּֽבְצוּ יָבֹאוּ).

נֵד see II. נדד. נֹד see נוד.

near, nigh, brought, came, hither, …

nāgaš

to be or come (causatively, bring) near (for any purpose); euphemistically, to lie with a woman; as an enemy, to attack; religious to worship; causatively, to present; figuratively, to adduce an argument; by reversal, to stand back

to draw near, approach

(Qal) to draw or come near

of humans

of sexual intercourse

to approach one another

יוֹסֵ֛ף

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Came joseph")

Dictionary form: יוֹסֵף · yoh-SAPE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: came joseph

joseph ×122 of joseph ×43 josephs ×15 and joseph ×10 am joseph ×2 into josephs ×2 to joseph ×2 unto joseph ×2

More options

Joseph — Standard modern English rendering of the proper name.

Joseph's — Possessive form; use for genitive contexts.

he (Joseph) — Pronoun with clarifying gloss after first mention.

him (Joseph) — Object pronoun with gloss to avoid ambiguity.

BDB3600 H3084 H3130

יוֺסֵף₂₁₂ and יְהוֺסֵף ( Ps 81:6 see Ges^{«GKC:53»§ 53}. 3, R. 7), proper name, masculine (he adds, increases, see יוספיה below; — on proper name, of a location in Palestine Yšap±ara (Egyptian form, = אליוסף) see Mey^{ZAW vi, 8} WMM^{Aisen u. Europa 162}) —

1. elder son of Jacob and Rachel;
a. as an individual Gen 30:24 (name explained vGen 30:23 (E) from אָסַף = take away, but vGen 30:24 (J) from יָסַף add) + 155 t. Genesis, chiefly in narrative of J E, also poem Gen 49:22; Gen 49:26 and, dependent on this, 1Chr 5:1; 1Chr 5:2 P only Gen 35:24; Gen 37:2a; Gen 41:46 (twice in verse); Gen 46:19; Gen 46:20; Gen 46:27; Gen 47:5; Gen 47:7; Gen 47:11; Gen 48:3 also Exod 1:5; Exod 1:6) (P), vExod 1:8; Exod 13:19; Josh 24:32 (all E), 1Chr 2:2; Ps 105:17.
b. as founder of a tribal division ׳מַטֵּה יו ( = Manasseh) Num 13:11 usually ׳בְּנֵייֿו Num 1:32 (= Ephraim), commonly = Ephraim and Manasseh Num 1:10; Num 26:28; Num 26:37; Num 34:23; Josh 14:4; Josh 16:1; Josh 16:4; Josh 17:14; Josh 17:16; Josh 18:11, compare Josh 24:32; 1Chr 7:29, but also of east Jordan Israel (where half Manaeseh settled) Num 36:1 = ׳מַטֵּה בני יו, vNum 36:5 compare חֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מנשׂה בֶּןיֿוֺסֵף Num 32:33 = compare Num 36:12, and Josh 17:1; Josh 17:2 ׳בֵּית יו (Manasseh and Ephraim) Josh 17:17 (so originally vJosh 17:14 according to Di), Josh 18:5; Judg 1:22; Judg 1:23; Judg 1:25 occupying the great central region of Palestine; 2Sam 19:21; 1Kgs 11:28 ultimately =
c. the northern kingdom Amos 5:6; Zech 10:6 (|| בֵּית יְהוּדָה); so יוֺסֵף alone Amos 5:15; Amos 6:6; Deut 27:12; Deut 33:13; Deut 33:16; Obad 1:18 (|| יעקב בית), Ezek 37:16; Ezek 37:19; Ezek 47:13; Ezek 48:32 בְּנֵי יַעֲקֹב ויוסף Ps 77:16 אֹהֶל יוֺסֵף Ps 78:67 (|| שֵׁבֶט אֶפְרַיִם).
d. = entire nation Ps 80:2 (|| ישׂראל); so יְהוֺסֵף Ps 81:6 (|| id.)

2. a man of Issachar Num 13:7.

3. a son of Asaph 1Chr 25:2; 1Chr 25:9

4. one of those who took strange wives Ezra 10:42.

5. a priest Neh 12:14.

joseph, josephs

yôsēp

Jehovah has added

Joseph, the name of seven Israelites

the eldest son of Jacob by Rachel

וְ רָחֵ֖ל

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

רָחֵ֖ל

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And rachel")

Dictionary form: רָחֵל · raw-HALE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: and rachel

rachel ×28 rachels ×4 for rachel ×3 but rachel ×2 against rachel ×1 and rachel ×1 like rachel ×1 now rachel ×1

More options

Rachel — Standard proper name; use in nearly all contexts.

ewe — Literal meaning; use when wordplay on name is intended.

Rahel — Alternate transliteration; reflects Hebrew pronunciation more closely.

BDB7860 H7354

II. רָחֵל₄₇ proper name, feminine (ewe, RS^{K 219}); — Rachel, Ραχηλ, daughter of Laban and wife of Jacob: Gen 29:6; Gen 29:9; Gen 29:10; Gen 29:11; Gen 29:28; Gen 29:29; Gen 29:30 + 36 t. Genesis (J E 37 t., P 6 t.), + ׳קְבֻרַת(ֿׅ Gen 35:20 (JE), 1Sam 10:2. (compare אֶפְרָתָה 1; on site see Dr^{Hast. DB RACHEL}); ׳ר (in figurative) Jer 31:15 ׳ר Ruth 4:11 (in simile).

rachel, rachels, rahel

rāḥēl

ewe

Rachel, a wife of Jacob

daughter of Laban, wife of Jacob, and mother of Joseph and Benjamin

וַ יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוֽוּ

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִּֽשְׁתַּחֲוֽוּ

Root word worship, worshipped, bowed, down, obeisance, …

Dictionary form: שָׁחָה · shaw-HAW

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Hithpael, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine plural reflexive — "he did it to / for himself" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: and they bowed themselves

and worshipped ×23 and bowed himself ×11 and worship ×9 to worship ×9 and bowed herself ×4 and did obeisance ×4 and bowed themselves ×3 and he bowed himself ×3

More options

bow down — Most literal; physical posture of submission or reverence.

worship — Best for religious/devotional contexts directed toward a deity.

prostrate oneself — Emphasizes full-body submission; strongest physical sense.

pay homage — Suits royal or diplomatic contexts; dignified register.

do obeisance — Formal reverence toward a superior; slightly elevated register.

kneel — Less emphatic than prostration; use when posture is upright bow.

BDB8581 H7812

[שָׁחָה]₁₇₂ verb bow down (Late Hebrew id.; Jewish-Aramaic שְׁחִי (rare); akin to שׁוח, שׁחח); —

Qal Imperative feminine singular שְׁחִי Isa 51:23 bow down. Hiph`il Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַשְׁחֶ֑נָּה Prov 12:25, figurative, anxiety depresses it (that is לֵב; opposed to שִׂמֵּחַ). Hithpa`lel₁₇₀ (Ges^{«GKC:75kk»§ 75kk}) Perfect 3 masculine singular הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה Ezek 46:2 2 masculine singular הִשְׁתַּחֲוִ֫יתָ Deut 4:19 + 3 t.; 1 singular הִשְׁתַּחֲוֵ֫יתִי 1Sam 16:4 + 2 t.; 3 masculine plural הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Jer 8:2, etc.; Imperfect יִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה 2Sam 15:32 + 3 t.; apocopatic יִשְׁתַּ֫חוּ Isa 44:17 +; 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Gen 49:8 +; 2 feminine plural תִּשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֫יןָ Gen 33:6; Gen 37:7, etc.; Imperative feminine singular הִשְׁתַּחֲוִי Ps 45:12 masculine plural הִשְׁתַּחֲווּ Ps 29:2 +; Infinitive construct הִשְׁשַׁתַּחֲוֺת Gen 37:10 +; suffix מִשְׁתַּחֲוֶי 2Kgs 5:18 (but ᵐ5 ᵑ9 and modern חֲוֺתוֺ-); Participle מִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה 2Kgs 19:27, etc.; מִשְׁתַּחֲוִיתֶּם Ezek 8:16, read וִים- all modern; —

1. bow down, prostrate oneself, before a monarch or superior, in homage, etc.:
a. with ל, after descriptive clause (especially with קדד, נפל 3 b, q. v. ), 1Sam 24:9; Gen 43:28 (J) 2Sam 14:4; 2Sam 14:22; Ruth 2:10; 1Kgs 1:31; 2Kgs 4:37 + 6 t., + (after כָּרֵע) Esth 3:2 (twice in verse); Esth 3:5.
b. with ל, followed by phrase (לפני) על אפים ארצה 2Sam 14:33; 1Kgs 1:23 לאפים Gen 48:12 (E) 2Sam 18:28 אפים Gen 42:6 (E) + 4 t.; omit אפים Gen 33:3 (J) + 3 t.; עַל כַּפּוֺת רֵנְלַיִךְ Isa 60:14.
c. with לְ person only, Gen 23:7 (P) Gen 27:29 (twice in verse); Gen 37:9 (E), Gen 49:8; Exod 11:8 (J) + 8 t.; with לפני Gen 23:12 (P); with אל Isa 45:14 (|| התפלּל); absolute Gen 33:6; Gen 33:7 (twice in verse) (J), Exod 18:7 (E) 2Sam 9:8; 2Sam 16:4; Isa 49:7.

2. before God, in worship, etc.:
a. with לְ, after descriptive phrase: קדד ארצה Exod 34:8 (J); ארצה omitted Gen 24:26; Gen 24:48 (J) + 4 t.; כרע אפים ארצה 2Chr 7:3 כרע 2Chr 29:29 נפל ארצה Job 1:20 נפל לפני 2Chr 20:18.
b. followed by phrase: אפים ארצה ׳ל ׳קדד וישׁ Neh 8:6 ׳ארצה ל Gen 24:52 (J); ונכרעה ׳השׁ Ps 95:6 בְּהַדְרַת קֹדֶשׁ ׳ל ׳השׁ Ps 29:2; Ps 96:9 = 1Chr 16:29 אֶלהֵֿיכָל (looking towards) Ps 5:8; Ps 138:2 לַהֲדֹם רגלים Ps 99:5; Ps 132:7.
c. with לְ only: 1Sam 1:28 (but read וַתַּנִּחֵהוּ ᵐ5 and modern), 1Sam 15:25; Jer 7:2; Ps 66:4 + 9 t.; with לפני Deut 26:10; Isa 66:23 + 4 t.; with בְ local Isa 27:13 with לְ local Ps 99:9 absolute Gen 22:5 (E) Judg 7:15 + 5 t.; accusative of location Exod 33:10 (E) Jer 26:2; Ezek 46:3 לפני (ה)מזבח Isa 36:7 = 2Kgs 18:22 = 2Chr 32:12 with על location Gen 47:31 (J) 1Kgs 1:47; Ezek 46:2 מֵרֶחֹק after off Exod 24:1 (E).
d. before angel in theoph.: after clause with נפל, קדד, Josh 5:14; Num 22:31 followed by אפים ארצה Gen 19:1 ארצה Gen 18:2 (all J).

3. before other gods: absolute Isa 2:20; Isa 44:15; Isa 44:17; Isa 46:6 accusative of location 2Kgs 5:18 (3 t. in verse); 2Kgs 19:37 = Isa 37:38 with לְ, Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:9 (10 words), Exod 23:24 (E), Num 25:2 (J), Josh 23:7 (D), Deut 8:19; Deut 11:16; 1Kgs 16:31 + 34 t.; with על, Lev 26:1 (H); לפני 2Chr 25:14 (|| קטּר).

worship, worshipped, bowed, down, obeisance, …

šāḥâ

to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or God)

to bow down

(Qal) to bow down

to bow down, prostrate oneself

before superior in homage

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqw3fs

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5066

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ta

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1571

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Np

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3812

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Ncmpc/Sp3fs

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3206

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vtw3mp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7812

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/D

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H310

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar VNp3ms

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5066

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Np

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3130

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Np

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7354

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vtw3mp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7812

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV