Genesis 36:30 — Hebrew Word by Word

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Word Parts

אַלּ֥וּף

Root word duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

Dictionary form: אַלּוּף · al-LOOP

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

אַלּוּף

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: duke

duke ×42 are the dukes that came of ×4 also and the dukes ×1 among their dukes ×1 and duke ×1 and the governors ×1 are the dukes ×1 are the dukes of ×1

More options

chief — Broad, neutral term for a tribal or clan leader.

clan leader — Emphasizes tribal/familial social structure context.

chieftain — Slightly more formal; suits warrior or ruling figures.

guide — Modernizes KJV 'guide'; use for relational/mentor sense.

close friend — Modernizes KJV 'chief friends'; for intimate relationship contexts.

governor — Use when administrative authority is in focus.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB503 H441

I. אַלּוּף adjective tame — ׳א absolute Mic 7:5 +; construct Prov 2:17 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵי Ps 55:14 plural אַלֻּפִים Jer 13:21 suffix אַלֻּפֵינוּ Ps 144:14, etc.; —

1. tame, docile, כֶּבֶשׂ אַלּוּף a docile (gentle) lamb Jer 11:19.

2. noun masculine friend, intimate Ps 55:14 (|| מְיֻדָּע) Mic 7:5 (|| רֵעַ) Prov 16:28; Prov 17:9; Jer 13:21 of a woman's husband נְעוּרֶיהָ ׳א Prov 2:17 figurative of ׳י as husband of Judah, id., Jer 3:4.

3. i. q. I. אֶלֶף; אַלּוּפֵינוּ מְסֻבָּלִים Ps 144:14 (i.e. cows).

BDB506 H441

II. אַלּוּף noun masculine^{1Chr 1:51} chief, chiliarch (denominative from II. אֶלֶף see Di Gen 36:15) — ׳א absolute Gen 36:15 +; plural construct אַלּוּפֵי (אַלֻּפֵי) Exod 15:15 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵיהֶם Gen 36:19; Gen 36:30 — chief (tribal) of Edom Gen 36:15 (5 t.) + 38 t. Gen 36 (P); Exod 15:15 (E) 1Chr 1:51 (4 t.) + 9 t.; of Judah Zech 12:5; Zech 12:6 so אַלֻּף Zech 9:7 (in simile)

Strong's Definition H441

duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

ʾallûp

familiar; a friend, also gentle; hence, a bullock (as being tame; applied, although masculine, to a cow)

tame, docile

Variations 11 forms of this word

Translations 25 English renderings

Duke Governor Chief Friend

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Word Parts

דִּשֹׁ֛ן

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Dishon")

Dictionary form: דִּישׁוֹן · dee-SHONE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

דִּשֹׁן

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: dishon

dishon ×4 and dishon ×2 of dishon ×1

More options

Dishon — Standard modern spelling for this proper name.

Dishan — Alternate transliteration used in some modern versions.

Dison — Rare variant; useful when following strict phonetics.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1899 H1787

II. דִּישֹׁן

proper name, masculine 1. a son of Seir דִּשׁוֺן Gen 36:21 = דִּישֹׁן 1Chr 1:38

2. a son of Anah & grandson of Seir דִּשֹׁ֑ן Gen 36:25 compare vGen 36:30 so also vGen 36:26 (for דִּישָׁן q. v.) = דִּישׁוֺן 1Chr 1:41 (twice in verse); 1Chr 1:42, compare also following

Strong's Definition H1787

dishon

dîšôn

thresher

Dishon, the name of two Edomites

the fifth son of Seir

Variations 6 forms of this word

Translations 3 English renderings

Dishon Descendant of Seir the Horite, son of Anah Dishon Grandson of Seir the Horite through Anah

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Word Parts

אַלּ֥וּף

Root word duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

Dictionary form: אַלּוּף · al-LOOP

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

אַלּוּף

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: duke

duke ×42 are the dukes that came of ×4 also and the dukes ×1 among their dukes ×1 and duke ×1 and the governors ×1 are the dukes ×1 are the dukes of ×1

More options

chief — Broad, neutral term for a tribal or clan leader.

clan leader — Emphasizes tribal/familial social structure context.

chieftain — Slightly more formal; suits warrior or ruling figures.

guide — Modernizes KJV 'guide'; use for relational/mentor sense.

close friend — Modernizes KJV 'chief friends'; for intimate relationship contexts.

governor — Use when administrative authority is in focus.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB503 H441

I. אַלּוּף adjective tame — ׳א absolute Mic 7:5 +; construct Prov 2:17 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵי Ps 55:14 plural אַלֻּפִים Jer 13:21 suffix אַלֻּפֵינוּ Ps 144:14, etc.; —

1. tame, docile, כֶּבֶשׂ אַלּוּף a docile (gentle) lamb Jer 11:19.

2. noun masculine friend, intimate Ps 55:14 (|| מְיֻדָּע) Mic 7:5 (|| רֵעַ) Prov 16:28; Prov 17:9; Jer 13:21 of a woman's husband נְעוּרֶיהָ ׳א Prov 2:17 figurative of ׳י as husband of Judah, id., Jer 3:4.

3. i. q. I. אֶלֶף; אַלּוּפֵינוּ מְסֻבָּלִים Ps 144:14 (i.e. cows).

BDB506 H441

II. אַלּוּף noun masculine^{1Chr 1:51} chief, chiliarch (denominative from II. אֶלֶף see Di Gen 36:15) — ׳א absolute Gen 36:15 +; plural construct אַלּוּפֵי (אַלֻּפֵי) Exod 15:15 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵיהֶם Gen 36:19; Gen 36:30 — chief (tribal) of Edom Gen 36:15 (5 t.) + 38 t. Gen 36 (P); Exod 15:15 (E) 1Chr 1:51 (4 t.) + 9 t.; of Judah Zech 12:5; Zech 12:6 so אַלֻּף Zech 9:7 (in simile)

Strong's Definition H441

duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

ʾallûp

familiar; a friend, also gentle; hence, a bullock (as being tame; applied, although masculine, to a cow)

tame, docile

Variations 11 forms of this word

Translations 25 English renderings

Duke Governor Chief Friend

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Word Parts

אֵ֖צֶר

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Ezer")

Dictionary form: אֶצֶר · eh-TSER

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

אֵצֶר

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: ezer

and ezer ×2 ezer ×2 of ezer ×1

More options

Etser — Closest transliteration; preferred in critical scholarly texts.

Ezer — Standard anglicized form; widely recognized in English Bibles.

Etzer — Alternate transliteration reflecting the tsere vowel precisely.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB705 H687

אֵ֫צֶר proper name, masculine (treasure; or covenant Arabic ) a chief of the Horites Gen 36:21; Gen 36:27; Gen 36:30; 1Chr 1:38; 1Chr 1:42.

Strong's Definition H687

ezer

ʾeṣer

treasure

Etser, an Idumaean

a chief of the Horites

Variations 2 forms of this word

Translations 3 English renderings

Ezer Horite chief in Seir; son of Seir the Horite.

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Word Parts

אַלּ֣וּף

Root word duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

Dictionary form: אַלּוּף · al-LOOP

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

אַלּוּף

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: duke

duke ×42 are the dukes that came of ×4 also and the dukes ×1 among their dukes ×1 and duke ×1 and the governors ×1 are the dukes ×1 are the dukes of ×1

More options

chief — Broad, neutral term for a tribal or clan leader.

clan leader — Emphasizes tribal/familial social structure context.

chieftain — Slightly more formal; suits warrior or ruling figures.

guide — Modernizes KJV 'guide'; use for relational/mentor sense.

close friend — Modernizes KJV 'chief friends'; for intimate relationship contexts.

governor — Use when administrative authority is in focus.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB503 H441

I. אַלּוּף adjective tame — ׳א absolute Mic 7:5 +; construct Prov 2:17 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵי Ps 55:14 plural אַלֻּפִים Jer 13:21 suffix אַלֻּפֵינוּ Ps 144:14, etc.; —

1. tame, docile, כֶּבֶשׂ אַלּוּף a docile (gentle) lamb Jer 11:19.

2. noun masculine friend, intimate Ps 55:14 (|| מְיֻדָּע) Mic 7:5 (|| רֵעַ) Prov 16:28; Prov 17:9; Jer 13:21 of a woman's husband נְעוּרֶיהָ ׳א Prov 2:17 figurative of ׳י as husband of Judah, id., Jer 3:4.

3. i. q. I. אֶלֶף; אַלּוּפֵינוּ מְסֻבָּלִים Ps 144:14 (i.e. cows).

BDB506 H441

II. אַלּוּף noun masculine^{1Chr 1:51} chief, chiliarch (denominative from II. אֶלֶף see Di Gen 36:15) — ׳א absolute Gen 36:15 +; plural construct אַלּוּפֵי (אַלֻּפֵי) Exod 15:15 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵיהֶם Gen 36:19; Gen 36:30 — chief (tribal) of Edom Gen 36:15 (5 t.) + 38 t. Gen 36 (P); Exod 15:15 (E) 1Chr 1:51 (4 t.) + 9 t.; of Judah Zech 12:5; Zech 12:6 so אַלֻּף Zech 9:7 (in simile)

Strong's Definition H441

duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

ʾallûp

familiar; a friend, also gentle; hence, a bullock (as being tame; applied, although masculine, to a cow)

tame, docile

Variations 11 forms of this word

Translations 25 English renderings

Duke Governor Chief Friend

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Word Parts

דִּישָׁ֑ן

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Dishan")

Dictionary form: דִּישָׁן · dee-SHAWN

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

דִּישָׁן

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: dishan

and dishan ×2 dishan ×2 of dishan ×1

More options

Dishan — Standard English rendering of this Horite clan chief's name.

Dishon — Variant spelling used in some modern translations.

the Dishan clan — Use when referring collectively to his descendants.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1900 H1789

דִּישָׁן proper name, masculine a son of Seir דִּישָׁ֑ן Gen 36:21 (ᵐ5 Ῥισών; so vGen 36:28 vGen 36:30 compare Di) 1Chr 1:38 (1Chr 1:42 read דִּישׁוֺן q. v.) Gen 36:26 (read דִּישׁוֺן ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Ol Di) vGen 36:30 דִּישָׁ֖ן Gen 36:28.

Strong's Definition H1789

dishan

dîšān

thresher

Dishan, an Edomite

the fifth son of Seir

Variations 5 forms of this word

Translations 3 English renderings

Dishan Descendant of Seir the Horite

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Word Parts

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: אֵלֶּה · ale-LEH

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Pdxcp

Noun — Common, plural plural — usually add "-s"

	Speech Noun Type Common Number Plural
	Speech Pronoun Type Demonstrative Number Plural

In English

In the KJV here: these

these ×407 and these ×70 of these ×31 those ×26 are these ×21 now these ×21 these things ×7 in these ×6

More options

these — Most common modern rendering; use for nearby or just-listed items.

those — Use when referencing items more distant in context.

these things — Adds slight emphasis when referencing a list or concepts.

such — Use when אֵלֶּה has a qualitative or categorical sense.

the following — Useful when introducing an enumerated list ahead.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB424 H428

אֵ֫לֶּה ( Rabb אֵלּוּ, Aramaic אִלֵּין, & compd. with and in , ) pronoun plural masculine & feminine these, in usage the plural of זֶה.
a. Gen 2:4 & often: in apposition to a substantive with a pronominal suffix (always without the article) Exod 9:14 (read with Hi. אֵלֶּה בְּךָ for אֶללִֿבְּךָ) Exod 10:1 אֹתֹתַי אֵלֶּה these my signs, Exod 11:8; Deut 11:18; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 10:8; 1Kgs 22:23; 2Kgs 1:13; Jer 31:21; Ezra 2:65; Neh 6:14 in the genitive 2Kgs 6:20; Isa 47:9; Deut 18:12; Ps 15:5 and after כל Gen 14:3 + often Standing alone in a neuter sense, these things (rare in best prose, & not very common in poetry), with עָשָׂה Deut 18:12; Deut 22:5; Deut 25:16; 2Sam 23:17; 2Sam 23:22; Ps 15:5 +; with other verbs Ezra 9:1; Isa 44:21; Isa 47:7; Jer 13:22; Hos 14:10; Ps 42:5; Ps 50:21; Ps 107:43; Job 8:2 with אֶתֿ Num 15:13; Isa 48:14 with כָּלֿ Judg 13:23; Isa 66:2 +; see also some of the cases with prepositions below
d. אלה may point indifferently to what follows, Gen 6:9; Gen 10:1; Gen 25:7; Gen 25:12; Gen 25:13; Ps 42:5 or to what has preceded, Gen 9:19; Gen 10:20; Gen 10:31; Gen 10:32; Gen 25:4; Lev 21:14; Lev 22:22; Ps 15:5 = such as these (τοιαῦτα), Ps 73:12; Job 18:21.
b. repeated, אלהו֗֗֗אלה, these . . . those Deut 27:13; Josh 8:22; Isa 49:12 (3 t.) Ps 20:8 +.
c. with the art. (but only after a substantive determined likewise by the article) הָאֵלֶּה Gen 15:1 + often.

**in Josh 17:9 עָרִים הָאֵלֶּה, read הֶעָרִים, compare Josh 17:12; Josh 19:8; Josh 19:16; Josh 19:31; Josh 19:48, etc.
d. with prepositions: בְּאֵלֶּה Lev 25:54; Lev 26:23; 1Kgs 22:11 (7 t.), בָּאֵלֶּה 1Sam 16:10; 1Sam 17:39 לְאֵלֶּה Lev 11:24 (4 t), לָאֵלֶּה 1Kgs 22:17 (5 t.); מֵאֵלֶּה Gen 9:19 (16 t.); עַד אֵלֶּה Lev 26:18 עַלאֵֿלֶּה on account of these things Isa 57:6; Isa 64:11; Jer 5:9 and elsewhere; כְּאֵלֶּה Job 16:2; Jer 10:16 = Jer 51:19, כָּאֵלֶּה Gen 27:46; Lev 10:19 (things like these, so Isa 66:8; Jer 18:13) Num 28:24 P (compare Ezek 45:25) 2Kgs 25:17 = Jer 52:22, כְּמוֺאֵֿלֶּה Job 12:3.

BDB9303 H459 H1836 H428

אִלֵּין (אִלֵּן Dan 2:44; Dan 6:7) demonstrative pronoun plural these (plural of דְּנָה, q. v.: Palmyrene אלן (Lzb^{264 Eph. i. 343, 345} Cooke²⁶); ᵑ7 אילין; Mandean עלין (Nö^{M 89 f.}); Talmud (with emphatic hâ prefixed, W^CG:109) הָאִלֵּין: see further below Biblical Hebrew אֵלֶּה, and add Egyptian Aramaic אלו Cooke²⁶); — these, only Daniel: Dan 2:40 דִּי מְרָעַע כָּלֿ, נִלֵּין, vDan 2:44 כָּלאִֿלֵּן מַלְכְוָתָא, Dan 6:3 אֲחַדְֵַּרְפְּנַיָּא אִלֵּין (so v.Dan 6:7), Dan 7:17 אִלֵּיץ חֵיוָתָא.

Strong's Definition H428

these, those, things, this, them, …

ʾēlle

these or those

these

used before antecedent

Variations 24 forms of this word

Translations 104 English renderings

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Word Parts

אַלּוּפֵ֧י

Root word duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

Dictionary form: אַלּוּף · al-LOOP

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmpc

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

אַלּוּפֵי

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Plural State Construct

In English

In the KJV here: are the dukes that came of

duke ×42 are the dukes that came of ×4 also and the dukes ×1 among their dukes ×1 and duke ×1 and the governors ×1 are the dukes ×1 are the dukes of ×1

More options

chief — Broad, neutral term for a tribal or clan leader.

clan leader — Emphasizes tribal/familial social structure context.

chieftain — Slightly more formal; suits warrior or ruling figures.

guide — Modernizes KJV 'guide'; use for relational/mentor sense.

close friend — Modernizes KJV 'chief friends'; for intimate relationship contexts.

governor — Use when administrative authority is in focus.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB503 H441

I. אַלּוּף adjective tame — ׳א absolute Mic 7:5 +; construct Prov 2:17 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵי Ps 55:14 plural אַלֻּפִים Jer 13:21 suffix אַלֻּפֵינוּ Ps 144:14, etc.; —

1. tame, docile, כֶּבֶשׂ אַלּוּף a docile (gentle) lamb Jer 11:19.

2. noun masculine friend, intimate Ps 55:14 (|| מְיֻדָּע) Mic 7:5 (|| רֵעַ) Prov 16:28; Prov 17:9; Jer 13:21 of a woman's husband נְעוּרֶיהָ ׳א Prov 2:17 figurative of ׳י as husband of Judah, id., Jer 3:4.

3. i. q. I. אֶלֶף; אַלּוּפֵינוּ מְסֻבָּלִים Ps 144:14 (i.e. cows).

BDB506 H441

II. אַלּוּף noun masculine^{1Chr 1:51} chief, chiliarch (denominative from II. אֶלֶף see Di Gen 36:15) — ׳א absolute Gen 36:15 +; plural construct אַלּוּפֵי (אַלֻּפֵי) Exod 15:15 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵיהֶם Gen 36:19; Gen 36:30 — chief (tribal) of Edom Gen 36:15 (5 t.) + 38 t. Gen 36 (P); Exod 15:15 (E) 1Chr 1:51 (4 t.) + 9 t.; of Judah Zech 12:5; Zech 12:6 so אַלֻּף Zech 9:7 (in simile)

Strong's Definition H441

duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

ʾallûp

familiar; a friend, also gentle; hence, a bullock (as being tame; applied, although masculine, to a cow)

tame, docile

Variations 11 forms of this word

Translations 25 English renderings

Duke Governor Chief Friend

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Word Parts

הַ ֽחֹרִ֛י

הַ

Prefix — article the

ֽחֹרִ֛י

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Hori")

Dictionary form: חֹרִי · hoh-REE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Td/Ngmsa

Noun — Gentilic, masculine singular, absolute state a people-group name (like "Hittite")

הַ	Speech Particle Type Definite Article
חֹרִי	Speech Noun Type Gentilic Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: hori

hori ×3 of hori ×1

More options

Hori — Standard proper-name transliteration; best for most contexts.

Horite — Use when referring to the people-group rather than the individual.

cave-dweller — Reflects proposed etymological meaning; use cautiously in footnotes.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3121 H2752 H2753

II. חֹרִי, חוֺרִי proper name, of a people see below III. חרר.

חֲרֵי יוֺנים, חֲרֵיהֶם see [ חרא, חרי].

BDB3176 H2752 H2753

II. חֹרִי, חוֺרִי adjective, usually proper name, of a people or person (probably = cave-dweller, so Thes Rob Ges MV VB; see also W Max Müll^{Asien u. Europa 136, 155, 156}) —

1. adjective, of a people ׳שֵׂעִיר הַח Gen 36:20 Seir the Horite (P); read ׳הַחִ also vGen 36:2 for ᵑ0 הַחִוִּי

2. proper name, of a people always with article; usually singular collective הַחֹרִיִ, ancient inhabitants of land of Edom Gen 14:6 (בְּהַרֲרָם שֵׂעִיר); in P called בְּנֵי שֵׂעִיר בְּאֶרֶץ אֱדוֺם Gen 36:21 (see vGen 36:20); compare vGen 36:29 vGen 36:30 according to Deut 2:12 (where alone הַחֹרִים), vDeut 2:22 they were driven out by sons of Esau (yet see Gen 36:1 c. and Di); ᵐ5 ὁ Ξορραιος, οἱ Ξορραιοι, (Gen 36:29; Gen 36:30 Ξορρ(ε)ι).

3. proper name, masculine person
a. חֹרִי an Edomite Gen 36:22 = 1Chr 1:39 ᵐ5 Ξορρ(ε)ι.
b. חִוֺרי a Simeonite Num 13:5, but ᵐ5 Σουρ(ε)ι, ᵐ5^L Σουδρι. — I. חֹרִי see below I. חור.

Strong's Definition H2753

hori

ḥōrî

cave dweller

Chori, the name of two men

a Horite, son of Lotan, the son of Seir

Variations 3 forms of this word

Translations 2 English renderings

Hori A Horite people group. Hori A spy from the tribe of Simeon.

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Word Parts

לְ אַלֻּֽפֵי הֶ֖ם

לְ

Prefix — preposition to, for

אַלֻּֽפֵי

Root word duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

הֶ֖ם

Suffix — pronoun their / them

Dictionary form: אַלּוּף · al-LOOP

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar R/Ncmpc/Sp3mp

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

לְ	Speech Preposition
אַלֻּפֵי	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Plural State Construct
הֶם	Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Plural

In English

In the KJV here: among their dukes

duke ×42 are the dukes that came of ×4 also and the dukes ×1 among their dukes ×1 and duke ×1 and the governors ×1 are the dukes ×1 are the dukes of ×1

More options

chief — Broad, neutral term for a tribal or clan leader.

clan leader — Emphasizes tribal/familial social structure context.

chieftain — Slightly more formal; suits warrior or ruling figures.

guide — Modernizes KJV 'guide'; use for relational/mentor sense.

close friend — Modernizes KJV 'chief friends'; for intimate relationship contexts.

governor — Use when administrative authority is in focus.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB503 H441

I. אַלּוּף adjective tame — ׳א absolute Mic 7:5 +; construct Prov 2:17 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵי Ps 55:14 plural אַלֻּפִים Jer 13:21 suffix אַלֻּפֵינוּ Ps 144:14, etc.; —

1. tame, docile, כֶּבֶשׂ אַלּוּף a docile (gentle) lamb Jer 11:19.

2. noun masculine friend, intimate Ps 55:14 (|| מְיֻדָּע) Mic 7:5 (|| רֵעַ) Prov 16:28; Prov 17:9; Jer 13:21 of a woman's husband נְעוּרֶיהָ ׳א Prov 2:17 figurative of ׳י as husband of Judah, id., Jer 3:4.

3. i. q. I. אֶלֶף; אַלּוּפֵינוּ מְסֻבָּלִים Ps 144:14 (i.e. cows).

BDB506 H441

II. אַלּוּף noun masculine^{1Chr 1:51} chief, chiliarch (denominative from II. אֶלֶף see Di Gen 36:15) — ׳א absolute Gen 36:15 +; plural construct אַלּוּפֵי (אַלֻּפֵי) Exod 15:15 +; suffix אַלּוּפֵיהֶם Gen 36:19; Gen 36:30 — chief (tribal) of Edom Gen 36:15 (5 t.) + 38 t. Gen 36 (P); Exod 15:15 (E) 1Chr 1:51 (4 t.) + 9 t.; of Judah Zech 12:5; Zech 12:6 so אַלֻּף Zech 9:7 (in simile)

Strong's Definition H441

duke, dukes, guide, friends, governors, …

ʾallûp

familiar; a friend, also gentle; hence, a bullock (as being tame; applied, although masculine, to a cow)

tame, docile

Variations 11 forms of this word

Translations 25 English renderings

Duke Governor Chief Friend

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Word Parts

בְּ אֶ֥רֶץ

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

אֶ֥רֶץ

Root word land, earth, ground, country, countries, …

Dictionary form: אֶרֶץ · eh-RETS

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar R/Ncbsc

Noun — Common, both singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

בְּ	Speech Preposition
אֶרֶץ	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Both Number Singular State Construct

In English

In the KJV here: in the land

the land ×425 the earth ×247 in the land ×246 of the earth ×197 of the land ×197 land ×130 out of the land ×66 in the earth ×43

More options

land — Best default; territory, region, or promised land.

earth — Prefer for cosmic or global scope (whole creation).

ground — Physical soil or surface; localized, tangible contexts.

country — Distinct nation-territory; political or ethnic emphasis.

region — Geographical area without strong political connotation.

world — Rare; only when universal scope is clearly intended.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB780 H776

אֶ֫רֶץ₂₄₀₇ noun feminine^{Gen 10:11} & (seldom) masculine^{Gen 13:16} earth, land (Phoenician, MI ארץ, Assyrian irƒitu COT^Gloss, Arabic , Sabean ארץֿ e.g. Os⁹ DHM^{ZMG 1875, 594, 614}; Semitic Sprachf. 12, compare Prä^{BAS i. 374 n.}, Aramaic אֲרַע, ) — ׳א absolute Gen 1:24 +; construct Gen 2:11 +; אָ֑רֶץ Gen 1:10 +; with article always הָאָ֫רֶץ Gen 1:11 +; with ָ ה locative אַ֫רְצָה Gen 11:31 +, (this form also in poetry = אֶרֶץ Job 34:13 +); suffix אַרְצִי Job 20:15 +; (אַרְצֶ֑ךָ) אַרְצְךָ Job 12:1 +, etc.; plural אֲרָצוֺת Jer 28:8 + 65 t.; construct אַרְצוֺת Ezek 39:27 + 6 t.; suffix אַרְצֹתָם Gen 10:5 + 2 t.; —

1. a. earth, whole earth (opposed to a part) Gen 18:18; Gen 18:25; Gen 22:18 (= הָאֲדָמָה Gen 12:3) Jer 25:26; Jer 25:29; Jer 25:30; Jer 26:6; Isa 37:16; Isa 37:20 = 2Kgs 19:15; 2Kgs 19:19; Zech 4:10; Zech 4:14 +.
b. earth, opposed to heaven, sky Gen 1:2; Exod 20:4; Deut 5:8; Deut 30:19; Judg 5:4; Lam 2:1; Isa 37:16 = 2Kgs 19:15; Ps 146:6; 1Chr 21:16; 1Chr 29:11; 2Chr 2:11 +; as permanent Eccl 1:4 built on foundations, or pillars 1Sam 2:8; Ps 104:5; Job 38:4; Isa 48:13; Isa 51:13; Isa 51:16 compare also Isa 24:18; Ps 82:5 firm, so that its shaking is something terrible, & token of terrible power 1Sam 14:4; 2Sam 22:8 = Ps 18:8; Job 9:6 compare Ps 46:2 & vPs 46:6 so also Amos 8:8; Isa 2:19; Isa 2:21; Isa 24:18; Isa 24:19; Isa 24:20; Ps 60:4; Ps 77:19; Ps 99:1; Ps 114:7 as hung on nothing Job 26:7 with waters under it Exod 20:4 = Deut 5:8 compare Gen 7:11 personified, especially as addressed, called to witness, etc. Deut 32:1; Jer 6:19; Jer 22:29; Isa 1:2; Mic 1:2; Job 16:18.
c. earth = inhabitants of earth Gen 6:11; 1Kgs 2:2; 1Kgs 10:24; Ps 33:8; Ps 66:4 + compare ׳תֵּבֵל א Prov 8:31; Job 37:12.

2. land =
a. country, territory, שִׁנְעָר ׳א Gen 10:10, מִצְרַיִם ׳א Gen 21:21 compare also Gen 10:11; Gen 11:28; Gen 11:31; Gen 13:10; Gen 47:6; Gen 47:27; Gen 50:8; Isa 7:18; Isa 23:1; Isa 23:13; Isa 27:13; Ps 78:12; Jer 25:20; 1Chr 1:43 personified Isa 62:4; Eccl 10:16; Eccl 10:17.
b. district, region Gen 19:28; Gen 22:2; Josh 11:3; Ps 42:7.
c. tribal territory Deut 34:2; Judg 21:21; 1Sam 9:4; 1Sam 9:16; 1Sam 13:7; 1Kgs 15:20; Isa 8:23 and still smaller territories 1Sam 9:4; 1Sam 9:5.
d. piece of ground Gen 23:15.
e. specifically land of Canaan, or Israel Gen 11:31; Gen 12:1; Gen 12:5; Gen 12:6; Gen 12:7; Gen 31:3; Deut 17:14; Deut 18:9; 2Kgs 5:2; 2Kgs 5:4 +; especially object of יָרַשׁ possess Deut 3:20 + often Deuteronomy, Psalms and elsewhere; so after נָחַל Josh 19:49 +; נָתַן Deut 1:21 +. feminine = inhabitants land Lev 19:29; Ezek 14:13 + compare Deut 24:4; Zech 12:12 etc.
g. used even of Sh®°ôl Job 10:21; Job 10:22 (compare Assyrian irƒit la târat, land without return, in Descent of Ishtar, see Jr^{10. 65}); see also Ps 139:15; Isa 44:23.

3. a. ground, surface of ground = אֲדָמָה q. v. Gen 1:26; Gen 1:30; Gen 18:2; Gen 33:3; Gen 38:9; Exod 4:3; Exod 16:4; Ruth 2:10; 1Sam 5:4 + very often in Samuel.
b. soil, as productive = אֲדָמָה Gen 1:11; Gen 1:12; Lev 19:9; Lev 25:9; Lev 26:4 compare Num 14:7; Num 14:8; Isa 36:7 = 2Kgs 18:32; Ps 72:6; Ps 72:16; Ps 107:34; Ps 107:35; Ezra 9:12; Neh 9:35.

4. אֶרֶץ in phrases:
a. people of the land ׳עַםהָֿא of non-Israelites Gen 23:7; Gen 23:12; Gen 23:13 (P) Num 14:9 (JE); as well as Israel Lev 20:4 (H) 2Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 16:15; 2Kgs 21:24 (twice in verse); especially common people, opposed to officials, princes Lev 4:27 (P) Ezek 7:27; 2Kgs 11:18; 2Kgs 11:19.
b. in measurements of distance, ׳כִּבְרַת הָא the space or distance of country (see כּברה) Gen 35:16, so ׳כִּבְרַת א some distance Gen 48:7; 2Kgs 5:19.
c. אֶרֶץ הַמִּישׁוֺר the country of the plain, level or plain country Deut 4:33; Jer 48:21 מִישׁוֺר ׳א figurative Ps 143:10 (but read אֹרַח ᵑ6 Bi Gr Che, compare Ps 27:11).
d. חַיִּים ׳א land of the living Ps 27:13 הַחַיִּים ׳א Ps 142:6.
e. ׳קְצֵה הָא end(s) of the earth Isa 42:10; Isa 43:6 (|| רָחוֺק) Ps 135:7; Prov 17:24, so ׳אַפְסֵי א Prov 30:4 +; ׳קְצוֺת הָא Isa 40:28; Isa 41:5; Isa 41:9.

5. plural אֲרָצוֺת is almost wholly late, Jer 16:15 + 6 t. Jeremiah; 23 t. Ezekiel; Isa 36:20; Isa 37:11 = 2Kgs 18:35; 2Kgs 19:11 (Isa 37:18 read הַגּוֺיִם see Che Di & compare 2Kgs 19:17); 22 t. Chronicles; Dan 9:7; Dan 11:40; Dan 11:42; Ps 105:44; Ps 106:27; Ps 107:3; Ps 116:9 besides these only P Gen 10:5; Gen 10:20; Gen 10:31; Lev 26:36; Lev 26:39, except Gen 26:3; Gen 26:4 (J^R) Gen 41:54 (JE); it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc., see especially absolute Ezek 20:32; Ezek 22:4 = the various petty divisions of Canaan afterward united under Israel's control Gen 26:3; Gen 26:4, compare 1Chr 13:2 אַרְצוֺת יִשְׂרָאֵל, 2Chr 11:23 אַרְצוֺת יְהוּדָה.

BDB9347 H772 H776

[אֲרַע]₂₁ noun [feminine] earth (so ᵑ7 Syriac; = Biblical Hebrew אֶרֶץ, q. v.); — emphatic אַרְעָא Dan 2:35; Dan 2:39 + 16 t. Daniel; Ezra 5:11; Jer 10:11b; אַ֫רְעָא (D^{§§ 9, 5 a; 44, 1 n}) = אֲרַע + ָ֯ of direction, earthward, i.e. downward, אַרְעָא מִנָּח Dan 2:39 Kt lower than thou, i.e. inferior to thee Qr אֲרַע (compare ᵑ7 אֲרַע מִן Ruth 4:4); — Jer 10:11a see [ אֲרַק].

Strong's Definition H776

land, earth, ground, country, countries, …

ʾereṣ

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

land, earth

earth

whole earth (as opposed to a part)

country, territory

ground

people of the land

lands, countries

often in contrast to Canaan

Variations 112 forms of this word

Translations 302 English renderings

Earth

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Word Parts

שֵׂעִֽיר

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Of seir")

Dictionary form: שֵׂעִיר · say-EER

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

שֵׂעִֽיר

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: of seir

seir ×19 of seir ×7 in seir ×6 to seir ×2 unto seir ×2 and seir ×1 from seir ×1 me out of seir ×1

More options

Seir — Standard proper noun; use as the place name consistently.

Mount Seir — Preferred when the highland region or mountain range is in view.

the region of Seir — Clarifies geographic extent for general readers.

the land of Seir — Emphasizes territorial identity; good for narrative contexts.

Seir (Edom) — Parenthetical gloss links Seir to Edom for unfamiliar readers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB8289 H8165

שֵׂעִיר proper name Se`îr (= שָׂעִיר, goat ? compare Gray^Prop.N.94; but note play in שֵׂעָר Gen 25:25, שָׂעִר Gen 27:11; Gen 27:23 Nö^{ZMG xl (1886). 165; Ency. Bib. ii. 1183} compare proper name, of a mountain (the 'hairy,' i.e. 'well-wooded,' compare trees), proper name, of a people (originally proper name, of a location) ; Lag^{BN 92} thinks ׳שׂ originally proper name, masculine, but land much earlier in OT.; perhaps = Tel Amarna land Šêri, Zim^{ZA vi (1891), 257} Jastr^{JBL xi (1892), 114} Wkl^{Tel Am. 181, 26} Buhl^{Edom. 28. f.}); —

1. Σηειρ: a. terr. land of Edom, south of Dead Sea, ׳אַ֫רְצָה שׂ Gen 32:4 (J; || שְׂדֵה אֱדוֺם), compare Gen 36:30 (P); ׳שׂ alone Judg 5:4 (poem; || id.), Num 24:18 (J E; || אֱדוֺם), Deut 1:44; Deut 2:4; Deut 2:8; Deut 2:12; Deut 2:22; Deut 2:29; Deut 33:2; Josh 11:19 (D), Isa 21:11; 2Chr 20:23 b; with ה locative שֵׂעִ֫ירָה Gen 33:14; Gen 33:16 (J), Josh 12:7 (D).
b. specific mont. East of Arabah, ׳הַרשֿׂ Josh 24:4 (E), Gen 36:8; Gen 36:9 (P), Deut 1:2; Deut 2:1; Deut 21:5; Ezek 35:2; Ezek 35:3; Ezek 35:7; Ezek 35:15; 1Chr 4:42; 2Chr 20:10; 2Chr 20:22; 2Chr 20:23 compare ׳הַרֲרָם שׂ Gen 14:6 (home of הַחֹרִי; on text see Buhl^{Edom. 28} Gunk^Gn). c. of a people Ezek 25:8 = Edom [van d. H. ׳שׁ]; but strike out ᵐ5^B Hi Co Berthol Toy Krae.
d. personified as masculine in ׳בְּנֵישֿׂ (see חֹרִי p. 360; compare Gen 14:6) Gen 36:20 = 1Chr 1:38; Gen 36:21 (P; + בְּאֶרֶץ אֱדוֺם); = Edomites 2Chr 25:11; 2Chr 25:14 (|| אֱדוֺמִים).

2. mont. in Judah, ׳הַרשֿׂ Josh 15:10 (P), Ασσαρ, A Σηειρ, ᵐ5^L Σιειρ; Di Buhl^{G 91} and others compare hill-ruin Sârîs approximately 9 miles west of Jerusalem. (Rob^{BR iii. 156}).

Strong's Definition H8165

seir

śēʿîr

hairy, shaggy

Seir, a mountain of Idumaea and its indigenous occupants, also one in Palestine

(n pr m) patriarch of the Horites, the inhabitants of Edom before the descendants of Esau, the Edomites

apparently also called 'Mount Seir' and extending most of the distance of the mountain range itself

Variations 8 forms of this word

Translations 8 English renderings

Mount Seir Edom Mount Seir Landmark on the boundary of Judah Seir Hill Country Seir The Horite