Isaiah 24:9

בַּשִּׁ֖יר לֹ֣א יִשְׁתּוּ יָ֑יִן יֵמַ֥ר שֵׁכָ֖ר לְשֹׁתָֽיו
They shall not drink wine with a song; strong drink shall be bitter to them that drink it.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

בַּ שִּׁ֖יר
בַּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)
שִּׁ֖יר
Root word song, songs, musick, singing, musical, …
Dictionary form: שִׁיר · sheer

בַּ
Hidden "the" בַּ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "in the ___".

Noun — Common, both singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: with a song
a song ×25 song ×20 of musick ×7 or song ×6 and with singing ×3 the song ×3 and song ×2 of thy songs ×2
More options
song — Most natural, versatile rendering for any context.
hymn — Prefer when the song has clear worship or sacred character.
chant — Suits repetitive, liturgical, or processional contexts.
anthem — Good for communal or celebratory songs of praise.
melody — Emphasizes the musical/tonal quality over lyrical content.
ballad — Use for narrative or lyrical poetry set to music.

BDB8643 H7892

BDB8642 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8644

שִׁיר77 noun masculine song (Late Hebrew id.; so Eccl 40:21 +); — ׳שׁ absolute Judg 5:12 +, construct 2Chr 29:27 +; suffix שִׁירִי Ps 28:7, etc.; plural שִׁירִים 1Chr 13:8; Song 1:1 שִׁרִים Gen 31:27; Prov 25:20 suffix שִׁרֶ֫יךָ Amos 5:23, etc.; —

1. lyric song, + מָשָׁל 1Kgs 5:12, opposed to קִינָה Amos 8:10 joyous Gen 31:27 (J) Isa 30:29 עגבים ׳שׁ Ezek 33:32 triumphal Judg 5:12 love song Song 1:1 (twice in verse) (title שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים), Ps 45:1 (שִׁיר יְדִידֹת); noisy Amos 5:23; Ezek 26:13, in drunken revels Isa 24:9, compare Isa 23:16 כסילים ׳שׁ Eccl 7:5 not for sorrow Prov 25:20; Ps 137:3 (twice in verse); בְּנוֺת הַשִּׁיר Eccl 12:4 songstresses (probably birds).
2. religious song, in worship, || תפלה Ps 42:9 usually praise, הלל בשׁיר Ps 69:31 מִשִּׁירִי אֲהוֺדֶנּוּ Ps 28:7 שִׁרִ תְּהִלָּה וְהוֺדוֺת Neh 12:46 ׳שׁיר י Ps 137:4; 2Chr 29:27 שׁיר חדשׁ Isa 42:10 (fresh outburst), + 6 t., see חָדָשׁ; in Psalm-titles, שׁיר Isa 46:1, compare Isa 26:1 שׁיר המעלות pilgrim songs Ps 120:1 + 14 t. (see II. מַעִַלָה p.752); with מִמְוֺר Ps 48:1 + 12 t. (see ׳מִז p. 274); מַשְׁכִּיל שִׁיר Ps 45:1 (׳שׁ originally alone in all except Ps 30:1; Ps 92:1; Ps 108:1, see BrJBL xviii (1899), 138).
3. specifically song of Levitical choirs, with musical accompare, 1Chr 6:16; 1Chr 6:17; 1Chr 13:8 (so read also || 2Sam 6:5 for בְּרוֺשִׁים, ᵐ5 Th and modern, compare ׳ב), 1Chr 25:6; 1Chr 25:7; 2Chr 23:18; 2Chr 29:28; Neh 12:27 כלי (ה)שׁיר instrument to accompany song 1Chr 15:16 + 6 t. (see כְּלִי 2 b); compare Amos 6:5.

BDB8644 H7892

BDB8643 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8645

שִׁירָה noun feminine song (plural ירות[שׁ] Eccl 39:15); — absolute ׳שׁ Exod 15:1 + 9 t.; construct שִׁירַת Isa 5:1; Isa 23:15 plural construct שִׁירוֺת Amos 8:3 (read שָׁרוֺת ᵐ5 HoffmZAW iii (1883) We and others); — song, ode, Exod 15:1 (E), 2Sam 22:1 = Ps 18:1; Deut 31:19 (twice in verse); Deut 31:21; Deut 31:22; Deut 31:30; Deut 32:44; Num 21:17 (E) Isa 5:1; Isa 23:15.

song, songs, musick, singing, musical, …
šîr
a song; abstractly, singing
  • (n m) song
    • lyric song
      • "religious song"song of Levitical choirs
    (n f) song
    • song, ode

לֹ֣א
לֹ֣א
Particle not
Dictionary form: לֹא · loh

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: they shall not
not ×882 neither ×399 no ×282 nor ×215 shall not ×205 thou shalt not ×116 is not ×102 and not ×86
More options
not — Default negation; fits nearly every context.
no — Use before nouns or as a standalone negative.
never — Emphasizes total or timeless negation.
nor — Use in paired or continued negative clauses.
neither — Use when negating two elements together.
none — Negates a noun or quantity; no one/nothing.

BDB4266 H3808

BDB4265 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4267

לֹא or לוֺא adverb not (Arabic , Aramaic לָא, , Sabean לא, Ass. lâ; not in Ethiopic: compare Köii. 1. 236 WalkerAJSL 1896, 237 ff.) — לוֺא, according to Masora (FrMM 248), 35 t., besides בְּלוֺא 6 t., and הֲלוֺא, the orthography of which varies much (ib.p. 251), e.g. in Samuel always הֲלוֺא, in Chronicles always הֲלֹא, on the whole הֲלוֺא 141 t., הֲלֹא 128 t.; twice, according to Masora, written לו (Qr לֹא), 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2, once לה Deut 3:11 Kt: — not — denying objectively, like οὐ (not μὴ = אַל): —

1. in predication:
  a. with a verb; so most frequently, and nearly always
   (a) with the finite tenses, whether perfect (Gen 2:5 b Gen 4:5 etc.) or imperfect (Gen 3:4; Gen 8:21; Gen 8:22 etc.); in short circumstantial clauses, as Gen 44:4 לא הרחיקו, Isa 40:20 לֹא יִמּוֺט, and with a final force Isa 41:7; Exod 28:32 (see Ges«GKC:156»§ 156. 3 R. b, c Dr§ 162). Governing two closely connected verbs (Dr§ 115, לא) Exod 28:43 וְלֹא יִשְׂאוּ עָוֺן וָמֵתוּ, Lev 19:12; Lev 19:29b Deut 7:25; Deut 7:26; Deut 19:10; Deut 22:1 and elsewhere; and two parallel clauses (Ges«GKC:152»§ 152. 3) Isa 23:4b Ps 9:19; Ps 44:19; Job 3:1 and elsewhere With the imperfect, especially with 2 person, לֹא often expresses (not, like אַל, a deprecation, do not . . ., let not . . ., but) a prohibition, as Gen 2:17 לֹא תאֹכַל מִמֶּנּוּ thou shall not eat of it, Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Exod 20:3 לֹאיִֿהְיֶה לְךָ there shall not be to thee, etc., vExod 20:13 לא תגנב, etc. With the coh. and jussive moods (which are negatived regularly by אַל), it occurs only exceptionally (Ges«GKC:109»§ 109. 1 b R. 1), Gen 24:8; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 17:12; 2Sam 18:14; 1Kgs 2:6; Ezek 48:14.
   (b) with the infinitive (which is negatived by בִּלְתִּי, q. v.), only once, in בְּלֹא (4 a), and with לְ, in the sense of cannot, or must not; Judg 1:19 כי לא להורישׁ for it was not (possible) to dispossess, etc. Amos 6:10 לא ׳להזכיר בשׁם י, 1Chr 5:1; 1Chr 15:2 (Dr§ 202. 2); compare Aramaic לָא Dan 6:9; Ezra 6:8. On its use with the participle, see b c.
   (c) לא always negates properly the word immediately following: hence, in a verbal sentence, where this is not the verb, some special stress rests upon it, Gen 32:29 לֹא יַעֲקֹב ׳יֵאָמֵר עוֺד וג not Jacob shall thy name be called any more, but Israel, Gen 45:8 לֹא אַתֶּם שְׁלַחְתֶּם אֹתִי Not ye (in our idiom: It is not ye who) have sent me hither, but God, Exod 16:8; 1Sam 8:7 כִּי לֹא ׳אֹתְךָ מָאָסוּ כִּי אֹתִי וג, Ps 115:17 without a following correcting clause, Gen 38:9; Num 16:29 שְׁלָחָנִי׃ ׳לֹא י Not ׳י (but another) hath sent me, Deut 32:27 לֹא פָּעַל זֹאת ׳י, 1Chr 17:4; Deut 8:9; Isa 28:28 לא לנצח ֗֗֗ not for ever (but only for a while) . . . (so Isa 57:16; Ps 9:19; Ps 49:18; Ps 103:9 but Isa 13:20 לא תשׁב לנצח is, will not be inhabited for ever), Isa 43:22; Job 13:16; Job 32:9 hence rhetorically, insinuating something very different, not named, 2Kgs 6:10 not once, and not twice (but repeatedly), Ezra 10:13; Jer 4:11 a wind לֹא לְזָרוֺת וְלוֺא לְהַָ˜בר׃ not to winnow, and not to cleanse (but to exterminate), Isa 45:13; Isa 48:1b Josh 24:12; Dan 11:20; Dan 11:29; Job 34:20 לֹא בְיָד (but by a Divine agency: compare Dan 2:34 also Job 20:26 אֵשׁ לֹא נֻפָּ֑ךְ fire not blown upon [but kindled from heaven], Lam 4:6 and אין Isa 47:14).
   (d) standing alone:
   (a) אִםלֹֿא if not, Gen 18:21 וְאִםלֹֿא אֵדָֽעָה׃, Gen 29:49; Gen 42:16; Job 9:24; Job 24:25 (β) הֲאִ֗֗֗םלֿא, or not, Gen 24:21 waiting to know דַּרְכּוֺ אִםלֹֿא ׳הַהִצְלִיחַ י, Gen 27:21; Gen 37:32; Exod 16:4; Num 11:23; Deut 8:2; Judg 2:22 (compare אִם אַיִן, אַיִן 2 d β, δ). In answer to a question or request, to deny, or decline, Nay, Nö: Judg 12:5 ויאמר לא, Hag 2:12 לא אדני Gen 23:11; Gen 42:10; 1Sam 1:15 +; often followed by כי, Nö for . . . = Nö but . . ., Gen 18:15 ויאמר לֹא כִּי צָחָ֑קְתְּ, Gen 19:2; Josh 5:14; Josh 24:21; 1Sam 2:16 Qr (see Dr), 1Sam 10:19 (ᵐ5 MSS), 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:22 (twice in verse) +; Job 23:6 (strangely). (compare, in deprecation, אַל.)
   (e) with an interrogative force, which however does not lie in לא as such, but (as in other cases) in the contrast with a preceding clause, or in the tone of voice (compare וְ 1 f; Ew§ 324 a Ges«GKC:150»§ 150. 1 Dr1Sam 11:12): Jonah 4:11 ׳אַתָּה חַסְתָּוַ֗֗֗אֲנִי לֹא אָחוּס וג, Job 2:10; Job 22:11; Exod 8:22; 2Kgs 5:26; Jer 49:9 (|| Obad 1:5 הֲלוֺא), Mal 2:15; Lam 3:38 and in passages, exegesis or text. doubtful (see Commentaries), 1Sam 20:14; 2Sam 23:5 (but see Bu), Hos 10:9 (Ew We), Hos 11:5 (Ew), Job 14:16b (but ᵐ5 Ew Di תַעֲבֹר), Lam 1:12 (Ew Ke), Lam 3:36 (Ke Bä).
  b. with adjectives and substantive:
   (a) Gen 2:18 לֹא טוֺב הֱֶיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדֹּו not good is man's being alone, Exod 18:17 + often
   (b) Exod 4:16 לֹא אִישׁ דְּבָרִים אָנֹכִי, Amos 7:14 לא נביא אנכי, Num 23:9 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב, Deut 17:15 (see אשׁר
2. b) Deut 20:20; Deut 32:47; 1Sam 15:29; 2Sam 18:20 לֹא אִישׁ בְּשׂרָה אַתָּה הַיּוֺם, 2Sam 21:2; 1Kgs 22:33; 2Kgs 6:19 לא זִה הדרך, Mic 2:10; Isa 27:11; Hos 8:6 והמה לא אלהים Jer 2:11; Jer 16:20; 2Kgs 19:18; 1Kgs 19:11 (twice in verse) לֹא ׳בָרַעַשׁ י, Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13; Job 15:9; Job 28:14 לֹא בִי הִיא (|| אֵין עִמָּדִי)s, Ps 74:9; Jer 5:10 המה ׳לוא לי, Jer 10:16; Deut 32:21 בָּנִים לֹא אֵמוּן בָּם, Jer 10:14; Hab 1:14; Job 16:17; Job 38:26 מִדְבָּר לֹא אָדָם בּוֺ; 1Kgs 22:17 לֹא אֲדֹנִים לָאֵלֶּה, Jer 49:31; Ps 22:3 וְלֹא דוּמִיָּה לִי, Job 18:17; Job 18:19; Job 29:12 ולא עֹזֵר לו, Job 30:13; Job 33:9; Jer 2:19 וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ and (that) my terror reached not unto thee, Job 21:9 absolute Gen 29:7 לֹאעֵֿתִ הֵאָסֵף הַמִּקְנֶה (Hag 1:2), Num 20:5; 2Kgs 4:23 לא חדשׁ ולא שׁבת, Isa 44:9; Jer 5:12 ויאמרו לוא הוא, Job 9:32; Job 22:16; Job 36:26; Job 41:2; Prov 19:7 (si vera lectio) מְרַדֵּף אֲמָרִים לֹאהֵֿמָּה words which are not, which are nought.
   (c) with the participle לֹא is rare, a finite verb being usually preferred (Exod 34:7 וְנַקִּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה: Ew§ 320 c Dr§ 162): 2Sam 3:34 יָדֶיךָ לֹא אֲסֻרוֺת, Ezek 4:14; Ezek 22:24; Deut 28:61; Ps 38:15 כְּאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר לֹא שֹׁמֵעַ who is not hearing, Job 12:3; Job 13:2 לֹא נֹפֵל אָנֹכִי מִכֶּם, Zeph 3:5 (very anomalous); 1Kgs 10:21 לא is probably textual error In וְהוּא לֹא שׂנֵא לוֺ or לא שׂנא הוא לו, Deut 4:42; Deut 19:4; Deut 19:6; Josh 20:5 (compare אֹיֵב Num 35:23), שׂנֵא is best construed as a substantive, he being a not-hater to him afore-time. — In most of the cases under b, c, אין could have been employed; but the negation by לֹא is more pointed and forcible.

2. Not in predication:
  a. coupled to an adjective to negative it, like the Greek ἀ‐, but usually by way of litotes: Hos 13:13 בן לאחֿכם an unwise son, Ps 36:5 דֶּרֶךְ לֹא טוֺב a way not good, Ps 43:1 גוי לא חסיד, Prov 16:29; Prov 30:25; Prov 30:26; Ezek 20:25; 2Chr 30:17 : Isa 16:14 לוֺא כַבִּיר, compare Isa 10:7 לֹא מְעַט.
  b. with a participle Jer 2:2 ארץ לא זרועה, Jer 18:15 (the finite verb is more common: see Isa 62:12 עִיר לֹא נֱעֶזָ֫בָה (compare Isa 54:11), Jer 6:8 אֶרֶץ לוֺא נוֺשָׁ֫בָה, Jer 15:18; Jer 22:6; Jer 31:18; Zeph 2:1).
  c. Gen 15:13 בארץ לא להם, Jer 5:19; Hab 1:6 מִשְׁכָּנוֺת לֹאלֿוֺ, Prov 26:17 רִיב לֹאלֿוֺ.
  d. with a substantive, in poetry, forming a kind of compound, expressing pointedly its antithesis or negation (German un- is sometimes used similarly): Deut 32:5(?). 17. 21 a they made me jealous בְּלֹא אֵל with a not-God (with what in no respect deserved the name of God), vb בְּלֹא עָם i.e. with an unorganized horde, Amos 6:13 הַשְּׂמֵחִים לְלֹא דָבָר i.e. at a thing which is not, an unreality (of their boasted strength), Isa 10:15 כְּהָרִים מַטֶּה לֹא עֵץ like a rod's lifting up what is no wood (but the agent wielding it), Isa 31:8 חרב לא אישׁ, חרב לא אדם, Isa 55:2 בלוא לחם for what is not bread, בלוא לשׂבעה for what is not for satiety, Jer 5:7 וַיּשָּֽׁבְעוּ בְּלֹא אֱלֹהִים by not-gods, in late prose 2Chr 13:9 כֹּהֵן לְלֹא אֱלֹהִים; Ps 44:13 תִּמְכֹּר עַמְּךָ בְּלֹאהֿוֺן for no-value (i.e. cheaply), Prov 13:23; Job 10:12 צלמות וְלֹא סְדָרִים darkness and disorder; so לֹאעַֿמִּי Hos 1:9; Hos 2:25: still more pregnantly Job 26:2 a מֶהעָֿזַרְתָּ לְלֹאכֹֿחַ (poetic for לאשׁר אין לו כח) the powerless, vJob 26:2b; vJob 26:3a (Ew§ 286 g Ges«GKC:152»§ 152. 1 n.), Job 39:16 הִקְשִׁיחַ בָּנֶיהָ לְלֹא לָהּ useth hardly her young ones (making them) into none of hers; and even Hab 2:6 הַמַּרְבֶּה לֹאלֿוֺ what is not his own (compare Job 18:15 מִבְּלִי לוֺ). compare with a verb, and ellipse of אשׁר, Isa 65:1 לְלֹא שָׁאָ֑לוּ to those who have not asked, vb Jer 2:8 אַחֲרִי לֹא יוֺעִילוּ, vJer 2:11b; also לֹא רֻחָ֫מָה Hos 1:6; Hos 1:8; Hos 2:25, and probably Job 31:31 לֹא נִשְׂבָּ֑ע (perfect in p.) one not satisfied.
  e. in circumstantial clauses (Dr§ 164), in poetry and rare: qualifying a substantive, 2Sam 23:4 בֹּקֶר לֹא עָבוֺת a morning without clouds, Job 12:24 בְּתֹהוּ לֹא דֶרֶךְ in a pathless waste, Job 38:26a; and a verb Job 34:24 יָרֹעַ כַּבִּרִים לֹא חֵקֶר without inquiry, Ps 59:4 לא פשׁעי ולא חטאתי (compare vPs 59:4 בלי עון), in late prose, twice, 1Chr 2:30; 1Chr 2:32 וימת לא בנים (אֵין and בְּלִי, q. v., are more usual in such cases).

3. Once (according to many MSS), as a substantive, Job 6:21 כִּיעַֿתָּה הֱיִיתֶם לֹא for now are ye become nothing, Hi De Kö (compare Dan 4:32 (Aramaic) כְּלָה חֲשִׁיבִין, ᵑ7 here כְּלָא הֲוֵיתוּן, and אַל Job 24:25); but reading fluctuates (Orientals לֹא, Qr לו, Westerns, Baer (see pp. 37, 56) לוֺ ['now are ye become that,' namely the נַחַל אַכְזָב of vJob 24:15]; but even לוֺ yields a forced sense; and text is probably wrong: Mich Ew Ol Sgf Bu כֵּןלִ֗֗֗י (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 also read לִי); Bö Di כִּילְ֗֗֗אָ֑יִן. compare Köii. 1. 236 f.
4. With prefixes: —
  a. בְּלֹא31 (chiefly in poetry or late), according to the varying significance of בְּ:
   (a) usually with not = without, Jer 22:13 בונה ביתו בלאֿ צדק without justice (|| בלא משׁפט; so Ezek 22:29; Prov 16:8), Isa 55:1 (twice in verse); Prov 19:2; Job 8:11 הֲיִגְאֶהגֹּֿמֶא בְּלֹא בִצָּה without mire || כלי מים, Job 30:28 בְּלֹא חַמָּה (=not through the sun), Lam 1:6 וילכו בלאכֿח, Num 35:22 בְּלֹא אֵיבָה ֗֗֗ בְּלֹא צְדִיָּה, vNum 35:23 (followed by infinitive) בְּלֹא רְאוֺת, 2Chr 21:20; Eccl 10:11; Ps 17:1 תְּפִלָּתִי בְּלֹא שִׂפְתֵי מִרְמָה; used more freely in Chronicles, 1Chr 12:18 בְּלֹא חָמָס בְּכַפָּֽי׃, v.1Chr 12:34 בְּלֹא לֵב וָלֵב, 2Chr 30:18 בְּלֹא כַכָּתוּב. With ellipse of rel., Lam 4:14 בְּלֹא יוּכְלוּ יִגְּעוּ without (that) men are able to touch, etc.
   (b) of time, in not, i.e. outside of, Lev 15:25 בלא עֶתנִֿדָּתָהּ, before Job 15:32 בלאיֿומו, Eccl 7:17 בְּלֹא עִתֶּךְ׃.
   (c) where לֹא belongs to the following word, and is only accidentally preceded by ב (see above 2 d), Deut 32:21 (twice in verse); Jer 5:7; Prov 13:23 בלא משׁפט through injustice; with בְּ pretii, Ps 44:13; Isa 55:2 (twice in verse); Jer 2:11 בְּלוֺא יוֺעִיל for (that which) profiteth not.


  b. הֲלֹא nonne ? Gen 4:7 + often Inviting, as it does, an affirmative answer, it is often used,
   (a) especially in conversation, for pointing to a fact in such a way as to arouse the interest of the person addressed, or to win his assent: Gen 13:19 Is not the whole land before thee ? Gen 19:20; Gen 20:5; Gen 27:36; Gen 29:25; Exod 4:11 Who maketh dumb or deaf, etc. Do not I ? Exod 33:16; Judg 4:6; Judg 4:14; Judg 8:2; Judg 9:28; Judg 9:38; 1Sam 9:20; 1Sam 9:21; 1Sam 15:17 etc.; with a verb in 1 person, Josh 1:9 הלא צויתיך, Judg 6:14 הלא שׁלחתיך, 1Sam 20:30; 2Sam 19:23; Ruth 2:9: similarly in a poetical or rhetorical style, Judg 5:30 הלא ימצאו יחלקו שׁלל, Isa 8:19; Isa 10:8; Isa 10:9; Isa 10:11; Isa 28:25; Isa 29:17; Isa 40:21; Isa 40:23; Isa 42:24; Isa 43:19 etc., Job 4:6; Job 4:21; Job 7:1; Job 10:10; Job 10:20, etc. (β) it has a tendency to become little more than an affirm. particle, declaring with some rhetorical emphasis what is, or might be, well known: Deut 3:11 הֲלֹה הִיא בְרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֺן, Deut 11:30; 1Sam 21:12 הלוא ׳זה דוד וג (compare 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:5; 2Sam 11:3), 2Sam 23:19; 2Sam 26:1; 2Sam 15:35 it is thus nearly = הִנֵּה (ᵐ5 sometimes represents it by ιδου, as Josh 1:9; Judg 6:14; Ruth 2:9; 2Sam 15:35); so especially in the phrase of the compiler of Kings, And the rest of the acts of . . ., הֲלֹא הֵם (הֵמָּה) כְּתוּבִים are they not written in, etc. ? 1Kgs 11:41; 1Kgs 14:29 + often (with which there interchanges הִנָּם כְּתוּבִים 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 15:11; 2Kgs 15:26; 2Kgs 15:31, which is generally used by the Chronicles, 2Chr 16:11; 2Chr 20:34, etc.), Josh 10:13 (compare 2Sam 1:18 הִנֵּה), 1Kgs 8:53 ᵐ5, Esth 10:2; Ps 56:14 (strangely: contr. Ps 116:8). — הֲלֹא הִנֵּה Hab 2:13; 2Chr 25:26 (הִנָּם). — On Judg 14:15, see הֲ 1 end.


  c. וָלֹ֕א and not=and if not, 2Sam 13:26; 2Kgs 5:17. compare וָּיֵשׁ.
  d. כְּלוֺא Obad 1:16 והיו כלוא היו, poetic for כאשׁר, as though they had not been.


  e. לְלֹא without, literally in the condition of no . . . 2Chr 15:3 (compare לְאֵין, also in Chronicles). Elsewhere לא belongs to the following word, Amos 6:13; 2Chr 13:9; Isa 65:1 (twice in verse); Job 26:2; Job 26:3; Job 39:16 (see above 2 d).

Note. — Fifteen times, according to Masora (see DePs 100. 3 FrMM 247 StrProl. Cr. 84), לא is written by error for לוֺ, namely Exod 21:8; Lev 11:21; Lev 25:30; 1Sam 2:3; 2Sam 16:18; 2Kgs 8:10; Isa 9:2; Isa 63:9; Ps 100:3; Ps 139:16; Job 13:15; Job 41:4; Prov 19:7; Prov 26:2; Ezra 4:2 (always with Qr לוֺ). The passages must be considered each upon its own merits: in some לוֺ yields a preferable sense; but this is not the case in all. There is the same קרי (rightly) on Isa 49:5; 1Chr 11:20 but these were not considered to rest upon equal authority, and are hence not reckoned with the fifteen. — In Judg 21:22 (see GFM), 1Sam 13:13; 1Sam 20:14 (twice in verse), and in Job 9:33 לֹא יֵשׁ, read probably לֻא for לֹא.

BDB4344 H3808

BDB4343 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4345

לוֺ (Kt 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2), לוֺא, see לֹא.

BDB9632 H3808 H3809

BDB9631 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9633

לָא (לָה Dan 4:32) adverb not (Biblical Hebrew לא; Aramaic of Têma, Egyptian, etc., לא; Nerab ל (Lzb301 CookG1. 67); ᵑ7 לָא; Syriac ); — not Jer 10:11; Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:10, etc.; before a participle (so rarely in Biblical Hebrew, 1 b c), Dan 2:27; Dan 2:43; Dan 3:16; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15 +, so v.Dan 4:32 וְכָלדָּֿאְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּלָה חֲשׁיבִין; are as men not accounted of (so Bev Behrm Marti, compare Isa 53:8 ᵑ7 בסירין ולא חשׁיבין; > most 'accounted as nothing,' for which no analogy, yet compare Ps 39:6 ᵑ7); followed by אִיתַי, see אִיתַי. With infinitive and לְ Dan 6:9 דִּי לָא לִהַשְׁנָיָה which it is not to alter = which is not to be altered (compare v.Dan 6:16), Ezra 6:8 (K§ 67, 1 Dr§ 202, 2.; compare Isa 35:6 ᵑ7, DAramaic Dialektproben, p. 1). With interr. הֲלָא Dan 3:24; Dan 4:27; Dan 6:13.

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

BDB9639 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9641

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke217, 219, 241 S-CPap. C 6, 7 +; lâinnî, however SocArab. Dial. see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
  a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
  b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.
2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

not, no, neither, nor, none, …
lōʾ
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
  • not, no
    • not (with verb—absolute prohibition)
      • "not (with modifier—negation)"nothing (subst)"without (with particle)"before (of time)

יִשְׁתּוּ
יִשְׁתּוּ
Root word drink, drunk, drinking, drank, drinketh, …
Dictionary form: שָׁתָה · shaw-TAW

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: drink
and drink ×42 drink ×40 to drink ×19 and to drink ×8 and drinking ×7 and drunk ×5 shall drink ×4 and drank ×3
More options
drink — Direct, neutral modern rendering; fits most contexts.
consume — Broader register; good for formal or liturgical prose.
imbibe — Slightly elevated; suits poetic or deliberate literary style.
gulp — Suggests urgency or greediness; useful for vivid narrative scenes.
sip — Implies slow, measured drinking; use when context suggests care.
feast — Captures the banquet/celebratory sense of שָׁתָה in festive contexts.

BDB9072 H8354

BDB9071 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9073

I. שָׁתָה217 verb drink (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian šatû, Ethiopic Old Aramaic שתה, Aramaic שְׁתָא, אִשְׁתִּי, [], ; Sabean שתי DHMZMG xxxvii (1883), 403 HomChr 124); —

Qal216 Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Exod 34:28 +, 1 singular שָׁתִ֫יתִי 1Sam 1:15 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁתֶּה Gen 44:5 +, וַיִּשְׁתֶּה 1Kgs 19:8, usually וַיֵּשְׁתְּ Gen 9:21+; jussive וְיֵשְׁתְּ 1Kgs 13:18 3 feminine singular וַתֵּשְׁתְּ Num 20:11 2 masculine singular with apocope תֵּשְׁתְּ Judg 13:14 +, וַתֵּשְׁתְּ 1Kgs 13:22 1 singular וָאֵשְׁתְּ Gen 24:46 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתָּי֑וּן Ps 78:44, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁתֵה Gen 24:14 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁתֹה Isa 21:5; Jer 49:12 (in 1Sam 1:9 after preposition, anomalous, Ges«GKC:113e»§ 113e, omitted by ᵐ5 Th We Dr and modern), שָׁתוֺ Jer 25:28 +, שָׁתוֺת Isa 22:13 (Ges«GKC:75n»§ 75n); construct תְוֺ Prov 31:4, שְׁתוֺת Jer 35:8; Jer 35:14, לִשְׁתּתֹ Gen 24:19 +, suffix שְׁתוֺתוֺ 1Kgs 13:33, לִשְׁתּוֺתָהּ Isa 51:22 etc.; Participle active שֹׁתֶה Isa 29:8 +, feminine שֹׁתָה Job 6:4, etc.; —
1. a. of man: drink, water, wine, etc., Exod 34:28 (JE), compare Exod 15:24 (J), 1Sam 30:12; Amos 2:8; Amos 4:8; Amos 5:11; Isa 5:22; Isa 62:8; Isa 62:9; Prov 31:4; Judg 13:4; Judg 13:7; Judg 13:14 + often (2 t. J E; 6 t. D); by measure (short allowance) Ezek 4:11; Ezek 4:16 milk Ezek 25:4, compare Song 5:1 blood 1Chr 11:19 (figurative of water gained by hazard); figurative חֲמָתָם שֹׁתָה רוּחִי Job 6:4 whose venom [of arrows of ׳י] my spirit drinks up; accusative + מִן of source Exod 7:18 (J), vExod 7:21 (E), Exod 15:23 (J), Prov 5:15 (figurative); accusative (of wine, water, etc.) omitted Gen 24:14 (twice in verse); Gen 27:25; Gen 43:34 (all J) + 11 t. J, Exod 7:24; Exod 17:6 (E), Num 20:5 (JE), vNum 20:11; Num 33:14 (P), Judg 15:19 + often; accusative שׁין 2Kgs 18:27 = Isa 36:12 מַמְתַקִּים Neh 8:10 absolute Eccl 2:24 +; + מִן of source 1Kgs 17:4; 1Kgs 17:6; Ps 110:7, מִכֹּסוֺ 2Sam 12:3 בְּמִזְרְקֵי יַיִן ׳שׁ Amos 6:6, compare Gen 44:5 בְּיַיִן ׳שׁ Prov 9:5
  c. מִן partitive Gen 9:21; Exod 7:24; Ruth 2:9, also (figurative) Jer 51:7 (and Job 21:20 infra).
  b. participle as substantive שֹׁתֵי מַיִם Ezek 31:14; Ezek 31:16, שֹׁתֵי יַיִן Joel 1:5 שׁוֺתֵי שֵׁכָר Ps 69:13.
  c. drink wine in sacrificial feast Deut 32:38 (poem); blood of sacrificial victim Ps 50:13 (figurative of ׳י).
  d. subject animals Num 20:19; Jonah 3:7 (both + men), also (figurative) Ezek 34:18; Ezek 34:19 accusative (water) omitted Gen 24:19; Gen 24:22; Gen 30:38 (twice in verse).
  e. figurative of drinking cup of ׳י's wrath, אֶתאכּוֺס ׳שׁ חֲמָתוֺ Isa 51:17 (+ ׳מִיַּד י), compare vIsa 51:17, vIsa 51:22, see also Ezek 23:32; Ezek 23:34 and (accusative omitted) Jer 25:16; Jer 25:26; Jer 25:27 + 8 t. Jeremiah; Hab 2:16 absolute Obad 1:16 (3 t. in verse); accusative שְׁמָרִים Ps 75:9 מֵחֲמַת שַׁדַּי ׳שׁ Job 21:20. feminine drink blood, figurative of slaughter, Num 23:24 (J E; of lion, metaphor of Israel), Zech 9:15 (read דָּמָם for הָמוּ ᵐ5Manuscripts Sta Now Marti); so (blood of ׳י's sacrifice) Ezek 39:17; Ezek 39:18; Ezek 39:19.
  g. figurative of wicked deeds: יֵין חֲמָסִים יִשְׁתּוּ Prov 4:17 (|| לָֽחֲמוּ לֶחֶם רֶשַׁע; these are their food and drink), compare Job 15:16; Job 34:7, but Prov 26:6 apparently = suffers violence (compare De Toy).
2. late, = feast Esth 3:15; Esth 7:1 (compare מִשְׁתֶּה). Niph`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁתֶה Lev 11:34 (P) all which is (may be) drunk, with ב of vessel. — נִשְׁתָּ֑וָה Prov 27:15 see I. שׁוה near the end For cause, give, to drink see שׁקה.

BDB9990 H8355 H8354

BDB9989 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9991

[שְׁתָה] verb drink (ᵑ7 שְׁתָא, אִשְׁתִּי, Syriac ; see Biblical Hebrew I. שָׁתָה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine plural אִשְׁתִּיו (K§ 11, 4, a))Dan 5:3; Dan 5:4 Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתּוֺן vDan 5:2 Participle active שָׁתֵה vDan 5:1, plural שָׁתַ֫יִן; — drink, accusative wine Dan 5:1; Dan 5:4, + ב of vessel vDan 5:23 and (accusative omitted) vDan 5:2 vDan 5:3.

drink, drunk, drinking, drank, drinketh, …
šātâ
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
  • to drink
    • (Qal)
      • to drink
        • of drinking cup of God's wrath, of slaughter, of wicked deeds (figuratively)
        to feast
      (Niphal) to be drunk

יָ֑יִן
יָ֑יִן
Root word wine, winebibbers, banqueting, vine
Dictionary form: יַיִן · ya-YIN

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: wine
wine ×40 of wine ×20 and wine ×13 the wine ×9 with wine ×8 and the wine ×5 of the wine ×2 than wine ×2
More options
wine — Direct modern equivalent; suitable in nearly all contexts.
fermented wine — Clarifies alcoholic nature when context requires distinction.
vintage wine — Emphasizes quality or celebratory setting.
drink — Broad, informal substitute when wine is implied culturally.
grape wine — Distinguishes from other fermented drinks in technical passages.

BDB3534 H3196

BDB3533 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3535

יַ֫יִן141 noun masculinePs 75:9 wine (Late Hebrew id.; Ethiopic : vitis, vinea, vinum; Arabic (black) grapes, see HomZMG 1889, 654; Sabean וין vineyard, MordtZMG 1887, 364 Homl.c. 659 (both after Glaser); Assyrian inu in vocabularies, but this loan-word from western Shemites, according to HomAufsätze 102; JenZA i, 186 f., ZMG 1890, 705 argues to the contrary) — absolute יַ֫יִן Gen 9:21 + 84 t.; יָ֑יִן Gen 14:18 + 33 t.; construct יַ֫יִן Ps 60:5; Song 8:2 יֵין Deut 32:18 + 9 t.; suffix יֵינִי Song 5:1, etc.; — wine:
  a. common drink, for refreshment Gen 14:18 (E?) Gen 27:25 (J), Judg 19:19; 2Sam 16:2; Amos 5:11; Amos 9:14; Hos 14:8; Job 1:13; Job 1:18; Dan 1:5 +, tonic Prov 31:6 article of commerce Ezek 27:18; Neh 13:15 among supplies in strongholds 2Chr 11:11 as making merry 2Sam 13:28; Zech 9:15; Zech 10:7; Esth 1:10; Eccl 9:7; Eccl 10:19; Ps 104:15.
  b. used for rejoicing before ׳י Deut 14:26, compare Hos 9:4 as drink-offering in prescribed ritual Exod 29:40; Lev 23:13; Num 15:5; Num 15:7; Num 15:10; Num 28:14 among temple stores 1Chr 9:29 used also in heathen ceremonial, see Deut 32:33.
  c. intoxicating 1Sam 1:14; 1Sam 25:37; Gen 9:21; Gen 9:24; Gen 19:32; Gen 19:33; Gen 19:34; Gen 19:35 (all J), Isa 5:11; Isa 5:22; Prov 21:17; Prov 23:30; Prov 23:31 +; || תִּירוֺשׁ Hos 4:11 || שֵׁכָר 1Sam 1:15; Mic 2:11; Isa 24:9; Isa 28:7 (twice in verse); Isa 56:12 + 12 t.; forbidden to Nazirites Num 6:3 (twice in verse) (חֹמֶץ יַיִן וְחֹמֶץ שֵׁכָר), vNum 6:4 vNum 6:20, compare Amos 2:12 to Rechabites Jer 35:2; Jer 35:5f.; to mother of Samson Judg 13:4; Judg 13:7; Judg 13:14 to priests entering sanctuary Lev 10:9 (P), Ezek 44:21 unfitting for kings Prov 31:4.
  d. combinations are: יֵין הַטּוֺב Song 7:10 = the best wine (read כַּיַּיִן ?) Ges«GKC:133»§ 133. 3, R. 1; יֵין מַלְכוּת Esth 1:7 royal wine; אֹצרְוֺת יַּיִן 1Chr 27:27 stores of wine, wine-supply; יַיִן הָרֶקַח Song 8:2 spiced wine; מִשְׁתֵּה הַיַּיִן wine-feast Esth 5:6; Esth 7:2; Esth 7:7; Esth 7:8 סֹבְאֵי יַיִן Prov 23:20 wine-bibbers; נאֹד יין wine-skin Josh 9:4; Josh 9:13; 1Sam 16:20 נֵבֶל יין id. 1Sam 1:24; 1Sam 10:3; 1Sam 25:18; 2Sam 16:1; Jer 13:12 (twice in verse); בֵּית הַיָּ֑יִן Song 2:4 either wine-house, where wine is drunk, feasting-house (De and others), or place of wine = vineyard (Ew and others; compare גֶּפֶן יַיִן Num 6:4).
  e. metaphor of wisdom's drink Prov 9:2; Prov 9:5, compare Isa 55:1 of ׳י's wrath Jer 25:15 (כּוֺס היין); of confusion sent by ׳י, יַיִן תַּרְעֵלָה wine of reeling Ps 60:5, compare Ps 75:9 of ׳י's awaking for vengeance, like a wine-shouter Ps 78:65 of Babylon's fierce power Jer 51:7 of love Song 5:1 יֵין חֲמָסִים Prov 4:17 in simile of one bursting with words Job 32:19 of disheartened prophet Jer 23:9 (כְּגֶבֶר עֲבָרוֺיַיִן); of lover's mouth Song 7:10 (see above); love is better than wine Song 1:2; Song 4:10.

wine, winebibbers, banqueting, vine
yayin
wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication
  • wine

יֵמַ֥ר
יֵמַ֥ר
Root word bitterness, choler, grieved, vexed, bitter, …
Dictionary form: מָרַר · maw-RAHR

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: shall be bitter
and he was moved with choler ×1 and they made bitter ×1 bitterly ×1 bitterly with me ×1 have sorely grieved him ×1 him as one that is in bitterness ×1 is in bitterness ×1 is vexed ×1
More options
bitter — Core adjective/verb sense; most broadly applicable.
grieve — Emphasizes emotional pain or sorrow caused.
embitter — Captures causative sense: making someone bitter.
anguish — Noun/verb for intense inner distress or torment.
enrage — Suits contexts of anger or provoked fury.
afflict — Best when physical or prolonged suffering is in view.

BDB4830 H4843

BDB4829 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4831

I. מָרַר verb be bitter (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian marâru and derivatives DlHWB 427; Arabic become roused (of bile), II. make bitter, IV. become bitter; bitter; Ethiopic ; Aramaic , מְרַר); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular מַר Isa 38:17 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular מָ֫רָה 1Sam 30:6; 2Kgs 4:27 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵמַר Isa 24:9 — be bitter:
1. literal יֵמַר שֵׁכָר לְשֹׁתָיו Isa 24:9.
2. figurative מָ֫רָה נֶפֶשׁ 1Sam 30:6 the soul of all the people was bitter against (עַלֿ); נַפְשָׁהּ מָ֫רָהלָֿהּ 2Kgs 4:27 her soul, it is bitter to her (i.e. she is in bitter distress); impersonal מַרלִֿי מְאֹד מִכֶּם Ruth 1:13 it is very bitter to me on your account (I am much distressed), compare Lam 1:4. — לְשָׁלוֺם מַרלִֿי מָ֑ר Isa 38:17 is dubious; CheComm. for (my) welfare was it (so) bitter to me, (so) bitter, compare Brd; so De Kau (treating מר apparently as adjective ); < Drechsl. Di for my welfare did the bitter become bitter to me (מָ֑ר adjective); Lo Gr, compare Buhl (sub מַר adjective ), read מָר for מַר (√ מור), the bitter is changed for me into welfare; CheHpt strike out מָ֑ר; Du (after ᵐ5) strike out clause as gloss. Pi`el Imperfect 1 singular אֲמָרֵר Isa 22:4 3 masculine plural וַיְמָֽרֲרוּ Exod 1:14, suffix וַיְמָֽרֲרֻהוּ Gen 49:23 — make bitter, shew bitterness: —
1. ׳וַיְמ Gen 49:23 (poem) and the archers shewed bitterness (i.e. bitter hostility) toward him (suffix of indirect object); אֲמָרֵר בַּבֶּכִ֑י Isa 22:4 I will shew bitterness in weeping (= weep bitterly).
2. אֶתחַֿיֵּיהֶם ׳וַיְמ Exod 1:14 (P) and they made their lives bitter by slavery. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הֵמַר Ruth 1:20; Job 27:2 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תַּמֵּר Exod 23:21 (but read תֶּ֫מֶר √ מרה Hiph`il q. v.); Infinitive absolute הָמֵר Zech 12:10 (twice in verse); — make bitter, shew bitterness:
1. שַׁדַּי הֵמַר נַפְשִׁי Job 27:2 Shadday, who hath embittered my soul; הֵמַר שַׁדַּי לִי מְאֹד Ruth 1:20.
2. וְהָמֵר עָלָיו כְּהָמֵר עַלהַֿבְּכוֺר Zech 12:10 and a bitter outcry (= literally shewing bitterness; || מִסְפֵּד, סָפַד) over him, like a bitter outcry over the first-born. Hithpalpel Imperfect וְיִתְמַרְמַר Dan 11:11 and the king of the south shall embitter himself (be enraged); אֶלֿ ׳וַיִּתְמ Dan 8:7 and he was enraged against.

bitterness, choler, grieved, vexed, bitter, …
mārar
to be (causatively, make) bitter (literally or figuratively)
  • to be bitter
    • (Qal) to be bitter
      • "(Piel)
      • to show bitterness
        • "to make bitter
      (Hiphil) to make bitter, embitter"(Hithpalpel)
      • to embitter oneself
        • "to be enraged

שֵׁכָ֖ר
שֵׁכָ֖ר
Root word drink, wine
Dictionary form: שֵׁכָר · shay-KAWR

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: strong drink
strong drink ×7 nor strong drink ×3 or strong drink ×2 and of strong drink ×1 and strong drink ×1 and through strong drink ×1 drink ×1 of strong drink ×1
More options
beer — Most natural modern default; fermented grain beverage.
intoxicating drink — Broad term; useful when grain vs. grape is ambiguous.
liquor — Emphasizes high alcoholic strength; good for prohibition contexts.
ale — Slightly more specific to grain; fits ancient Near East well.
fermented drink — Neutral, scholarly register; highlights fermentation process.
alcoholic beverage — Formal or legal-register contexts; maximally unambiguous.

BDB8681 H7941

BDB8680 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8682

שֵׁכָר noun [masculine] intoxioating drink, strong drink (BaNB § 71); — always ׳שׁ absolute; usually || וַיִן (except Ps 69:13): Isa 29:8 usually condemned, Isa 5:11; Isa 5:22; Isa 28:7 (3 t. in verse); Isa 56:12 (׳נִסְבְּאָה שׁ), Mic 2:11; 1Sam 1:15; Prov 20:1 forbidden to priests on duty Lev 10:9 (P); not for princes Prov 31:4 nor Nazirite Num 6:3; Judg 13:4; Judg 13:7; Judg 13:14, compare ׳חֹמֶץ שׁ Num 6:3 ׳שׁוֺתֵי שׁ Ps 69:13 drunkards; but ׳שׁ as common drink Deut 29:5 (opposed to miraculous), allowable in sacrificial meal Deut 14:26, commended for weak and weary Prov 31:4 ׳נֶסֶךְ שׁ Num 28:7(P; for יַיִן vNum 28:14); see further KennedyEncy. Bib. iv. 5309 f. — On form compare LagM ii. 357; BN 51.

drink, wine
šēkār
an intoxicant, i.e., intensely alcoholic liquor
  • strong drink, intoxicating drink, fermented or intoxicating liquor

לְ שֹׁתָֽי ו
לְ
Prefix — preposition to, for
שֹׁתָֽי
Root word drink, drunk, drinking, drank, drinketh, …
ו
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it
Dictionary form: שָׁתָה · shaw-TAW

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine plural, construct state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: to them that drink it
and drink ×42 drink ×40 to drink ×19 and to drink ×8 and drinking ×7 and drunk ×5 shall drink ×4 and drank ×3
More options
drink — Direct, neutral modern rendering; fits most contexts.
consume — Broader register; good for formal or liturgical prose.
imbibe — Slightly elevated; suits poetic or deliberate literary style.
gulp — Suggests urgency or greediness; useful for vivid narrative scenes.
sip — Implies slow, measured drinking; use when context suggests care.
feast — Captures the banquet/celebratory sense of שָׁתָה in festive contexts.

BDB9072 H8354

BDB9071 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9073

I. שָׁתָה217 verb drink (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian šatû, Ethiopic Old Aramaic שתה, Aramaic שְׁתָא, אִשְׁתִּי, [], ; Sabean שתי DHMZMG xxxvii (1883), 403 HomChr 124); —

Qal216 Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Exod 34:28 +, 1 singular שָׁתִ֫יתִי 1Sam 1:15 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁתֶּה Gen 44:5 +, וַיִּשְׁתֶּה 1Kgs 19:8, usually וַיֵּשְׁתְּ Gen 9:21+; jussive וְיֵשְׁתְּ 1Kgs 13:18 3 feminine singular וַתֵּשְׁתְּ Num 20:11 2 masculine singular with apocope תֵּשְׁתְּ Judg 13:14 +, וַתֵּשְׁתְּ 1Kgs 13:22 1 singular וָאֵשְׁתְּ Gen 24:46 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתָּי֑וּן Ps 78:44, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁתֵה Gen 24:14 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁתֹה Isa 21:5; Jer 49:12 (in 1Sam 1:9 after preposition, anomalous, Ges«GKC:113e»§ 113e, omitted by ᵐ5 Th We Dr and modern), שָׁתוֺ Jer 25:28 +, שָׁתוֺת Isa 22:13 (Ges«GKC:75n»§ 75n); construct תְוֺ Prov 31:4, שְׁתוֺת Jer 35:8; Jer 35:14, לִשְׁתּתֹ Gen 24:19 +, suffix שְׁתוֺתוֺ 1Kgs 13:33, לִשְׁתּוֺתָהּ Isa 51:22 etc.; Participle active שֹׁתֶה Isa 29:8 +, feminine שֹׁתָה Job 6:4, etc.; —
1. a. of man: drink, water, wine, etc., Exod 34:28 (JE), compare Exod 15:24 (J), 1Sam 30:12; Amos 2:8; Amos 4:8; Amos 5:11; Isa 5:22; Isa 62:8; Isa 62:9; Prov 31:4; Judg 13:4; Judg 13:7; Judg 13:14 + often (2 t. J E; 6 t. D); by measure (short allowance) Ezek 4:11; Ezek 4:16 milk Ezek 25:4, compare Song 5:1 blood 1Chr 11:19 (figurative of water gained by hazard); figurative חֲמָתָם שֹׁתָה רוּחִי Job 6:4 whose venom [of arrows of ׳י] my spirit drinks up; accusative + מִן of source Exod 7:18 (J), vExod 7:21 (E), Exod 15:23 (J), Prov 5:15 (figurative); accusative (of wine, water, etc.) omitted Gen 24:14 (twice in verse); Gen 27:25; Gen 43:34 (all J) + 11 t. J, Exod 7:24; Exod 17:6 (E), Num 20:5 (JE), vNum 20:11; Num 33:14 (P), Judg 15:19 + often; accusative שׁין 2Kgs 18:27 = Isa 36:12 מַמְתַקִּים Neh 8:10 absolute Eccl 2:24 +; + מִן of source 1Kgs 17:4; 1Kgs 17:6; Ps 110:7, מִכֹּסוֺ 2Sam 12:3 בְּמִזְרְקֵי יַיִן ׳שׁ Amos 6:6, compare Gen 44:5 בְּיַיִן ׳שׁ Prov 9:5
  c. מִן partitive Gen 9:21; Exod 7:24; Ruth 2:9, also (figurative) Jer 51:7 (and Job 21:20 infra).
  b. participle as substantive שֹׁתֵי מַיִם Ezek 31:14; Ezek 31:16, שֹׁתֵי יַיִן Joel 1:5 שׁוֺתֵי שֵׁכָר Ps 69:13.
  c. drink wine in sacrificial feast Deut 32:38 (poem); blood of sacrificial victim Ps 50:13 (figurative of ׳י).
  d. subject animals Num 20:19; Jonah 3:7 (both + men), also (figurative) Ezek 34:18; Ezek 34:19 accusative (water) omitted Gen 24:19; Gen 24:22; Gen 30:38 (twice in verse).
  e. figurative of drinking cup of ׳י's wrath, אֶתאכּוֺס ׳שׁ חֲמָתוֺ Isa 51:17 (+ ׳מִיַּד י), compare vIsa 51:17, vIsa 51:22, see also Ezek 23:32; Ezek 23:34 and (accusative omitted) Jer 25:16; Jer 25:26; Jer 25:27 + 8 t. Jeremiah; Hab 2:16 absolute Obad 1:16 (3 t. in verse); accusative שְׁמָרִים Ps 75:9 מֵחֲמַת שַׁדַּי ׳שׁ Job 21:20. feminine drink blood, figurative of slaughter, Num 23:24 (J E; of lion, metaphor of Israel), Zech 9:15 (read דָּמָם for הָמוּ ᵐ5Manuscripts Sta Now Marti); so (blood of ׳י's sacrifice) Ezek 39:17; Ezek 39:18; Ezek 39:19.
  g. figurative of wicked deeds: יֵין חֲמָסִים יִשְׁתּוּ Prov 4:17 (|| לָֽחֲמוּ לֶחֶם רֶשַׁע; these are their food and drink), compare Job 15:16; Job 34:7, but Prov 26:6 apparently = suffers violence (compare De Toy).
2. late, = feast Esth 3:15; Esth 7:1 (compare מִשְׁתֶּה). Niph`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁתֶה Lev 11:34 (P) all which is (may be) drunk, with ב of vessel. — נִשְׁתָּ֑וָה Prov 27:15 see I. שׁוה near the end For cause, give, to drink see שׁקה.

BDB9990 H8355 H8354

BDB9989 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9991

[שְׁתָה] verb drink (ᵑ7 שְׁתָא, אִשְׁתִּי, Syriac ; see Biblical Hebrew I. שָׁתָה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine plural אִשְׁתִּיו (K§ 11, 4, a))Dan 5:3; Dan 5:4 Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתּוֺן vDan 5:2 Participle active שָׁתֵה vDan 5:1, plural שָׁתַ֫יִן; — drink, accusative wine Dan 5:1; Dan 5:4, + ב of vessel vDan 5:23 and (accusative omitted) vDan 5:2 vDan 5:3.

drink, drunk, drinking, drank, drinketh, …
šātâ
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
  • to drink
    • (Qal)
      • to drink
        • of drinking cup of God's wrath, of slaughter, of wicked deeds (figuratively)
        to feast
      (Niphal) to be drunk

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
בַּשִּׁ֖יר Tipeha — a lesser break לֹ֣א יִשְׁתּוּ יָ֑יִן Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here יֵמַ֥ר שֵׁכָ֖ר Tipeha — a lesser break לְשֹׁתָֽיו Silluq — end of the verse

בַּשִּׁיר לֹא יִשְׁתּוּ-יָיִן יֵמַר שֵׁכָר לְשֹׁתָֽיו׃
9
They shall not drink wine with a song; strong drink shall be bitter to them that drink it.
Cross References

Isaiah 5:22

הוֹי גִּבּוֹרִים לִשְׁתּוֹת יָיִן וְאַנְשֵׁי-חַיִל לִמְסֹךְ שֵׁכָֽר׃
22
Woe unto them that are mighty to drink wine, and men of strength to mingle strong drink:

Ecclesiastes 9:7

לֵךְ אֱכֹל בְּשִׂמְחָה לַחְמֶךָ וּֽשֲׁתֵה בְלֶב-טוֹב יֵינֶךָ כִּי כְבָר רָצָה הָאֱלֹהִים אֶֽת-מַעֲשֶֽׂיךָ׃
7
Go thy way, eat thy bread with joy, and drink thy wine with a merry heart; for God now accepteth thy works.

Psalms 69:12

יָשִׂיחוּ בִי יֹשְׁבֵי שָׁעַר וּנְגִינוֹת שׁוֹתֵי שֵׁכָֽר׃
12
They that sit in the gate speak against me; and I was the song of the drunkards.

Isaiah 5:11

הוֹי מַשְׁכִּימֵי בַבֹּקֶר שֵׁכָר יִרְדֹּפוּ מְאַחֲרֵי בַנֶּשֶׁף יַיִן יַדְלִיקֵֽם׃
11
Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, that they may follow strong drink; that continue until night, till wine inflame them!

Amos 8:3

וְהֵילִילוּ שִׁירוֹת הֵיכָל בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא נְאֻם אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה רַב הַפֶּגֶר בְּכָל-מָקוֹם הִשְׁלִיךְ הָֽס׃
3
And the songs of the temple shall be howlings in that day, saith the Lord GOD: there shall be many dead bodies in every place; they shall cast them forth with silence.

Amos 8:10

וְהָפַכְתִּי חַגֵּיכֶם לְאֵבֶל וְכָל-שִֽׁירֵיכֶם לְקִינָה וְהַעֲלֵיתִי עַל-כָּל-מָתְנַיִם שָׂק וְעַל-כָּל-רֹאשׁ קָרְחָה וְשַׂמְתִּיהָ כְּאֵבֶל יָחִיד וְאַחֲרִיתָהּ כְּיוֹם מָֽר׃
10
And I will turn your feasts into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation; and I will bring up sackcloth upon all loins, and baldness upon every head; and I will make it as the mourning of an only son, and the end thereof as a bitter day.

Ephesians 5:18

καὶ μὴ μεθύσκεσθε οἴνῳ ἐν ᾧ ἐστιν ἀσωτία ἀλλὰ πληροῦσθε ἐν πνεύματι
18
And be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess; but be filled with the Spirit;

Amos 6:5

הַפֹּרְטִים עַל-פִּי הַנָּבֶל כְּדָוִיד חָשְׁבוּ לָהֶם כְּלֵי-שִֽׁיר׃
5
That chant to the sound of the viol, and invent to themselves instruments of musick, like David;

Isaiah 5:20

הוֹי הָאֹמְרִים לָרַע טוֹב וְלַטּוֹב רָע שָׂמִים חֹשֶׁךְ לְאוֹר וְאוֹר לְחֹשֶׁךְ שָׂמִים מַר לְמָתוֹק וּמָתוֹק לְמָֽר׃
20
Woe unto them that call evil good, and good evil; that put darkness for light, and light for darkness; that put bitter for sweet, and sweet for bitter!

Zechariah 9:15

יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת יָגֵן עֲלֵיהֶם וְאָכְלוּ וְכָֽבְשׁוּ אַבְנֵי-קֶלַע וְשָׁתוּ הָמוּ כְּמוֹ-יָיִן וּמָֽלְאוּ כַּמִּזְרָק כְּזָוִיּוֹת מִזְבֵּֽחַ׃
15
The LORD of hosts shall defend them; and they shall devour, and subdue with sling stones; and they shall drink, and make a noise as through wine; and they shall be filled like bowls, and as the corners of the altar.
Isaiah 24:8
Read Isaiah 24
Isaiah 24:10