Job 39:20

הְֽ֭תַרְעִישֶׁנּוּ כָּאַרְבֶּ֑ה ה֖וֹד נַחְר֣וֹ אֵימָֽה

Canst thou make him afraid as a grasshopper? the glory of his nostrils is terrible.

Connections

מִדָּן נִשְׁמַע נַחְרַת סוּסָיו מִקּוֹל מִצְהֲלוֹת אַבִּירָיו רָעֲשָׁה כָּל-הָאָרֶץ וַיָּבוֹאוּ וַיֹּֽאכְלוּ אֶרֶץ וּמְלוֹאָהּ עִיר וְיֹשְׁבֵי בָֽהּ׃

The snorting of his horses was heard from Dan: the whole land trembled at the sound of the neighing of his strong ones; for they are come, and have devoured the land, and all that is in it; the city, and those that dwell therein.

Job 41:20

מִנְּחִירָיו יֵצֵא עָשָׁן כְּדוּד נָפוּחַ וְאַגְמֹֽן׃

Out of his nostrils goeth smoke, as out of a seething pot or caldron.

Joel 2:5

כְּקוֹל מַרְכָּבוֹת עַל-רָאשֵׁי הֶֽהָרִים יְרַקֵּדוּן כְּקוֹל לַהַב אֵשׁ אֹכְלָה קָשׁ כְּעַם עָצוּם עֱרוּךְ מִלְחָמָֽה׃

Like the noise of chariots on the tops of mountains shall they leap, like the noise of a flame of fire that devoureth the stubble, as a strong people set in battle array.

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Job 39:20

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Niqqud

Cantillation

Masoretic Phrasing

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.

הְֽ֭תַרְעִישֶׁנּוּ Dechi — a lesser break כָּאַרְבֶּ֑ה Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here ה֖וֹד נַחְר֣וֹ אֵימָֽה Silluq — end of the verse

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Word Parts

הְֽ֭ תַרְעִישֶׁ נּוּ

הְֽ֭

Prefix — question marker turns the sentence into a question

תַרְעִישֶׁ

Root word shake, trembled, tremble, shook, moved, …

נּוּ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: רָעַשׁ · raw-ASH

Vowels & Accents

הְ

Question marker This opening ה is not "the" — pointed הֲ (not הַ with a doubling dagesh) it turns the sentence into a question. Read the clause with a "?".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ti/Vhi2ms/Sp3ms

Verb — Hiphil, Imperfect (Yiqtol), second person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "you"

הְֽ	Speech Particle Type Interrogative
תַרְעִישֶׁ	Speech Verb Stem Hiphil Type Imperfect (Yiqtol) Person Second Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
נּוּ	Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: canst thou make him afraid

shall shake ×4 shall tremble ×3 and trembled ×2 is moved ×2 shake ×2 trembled ×2 will shake ×2 and i will shake ×1

More options

shake — Most versatile; fits earth, mountains, armies.

tremble — Emphasizes fearful, uncontrolled shuddering motion.

quake — Strong, sudden convulsion; ideal for earthquakes.

shudder — Evokes visceral, whole-body reaction; good for living things.

rattle — Vivid for objects or structures vibrating noisily.

convulse — Intense, violent movement; suits cosmic or battle scenes.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB8039 H7493

[רָעַשׁ] verb quake, shake, intransitive (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew, so Aramaic (rare), and (once) רְשְַׁ toss, rage (of sea); Arabic , usually , , (loan-word?), tremble, quiver, quake; compare perhaps Assyrian rêšu, exult); —

Qal Perfect 3 feminine singular רָעֲשָׁה Jer 8:16; Jer 49:21, רָעָ֑שָׁה Judg 5:4; Ps 68:9 3 plural רָעֲשׁוּ Joel 2:10 +, etc. Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִרְעַשׁ Ps 72:16, 3 feminine plural תִּרְעַשְׁנָה Ezek 26:10, etc.; Participle plural רֹעֲשִׁים Jer 4:24 — quake, shake, of earth Judg 5:4 = Ps 68:9, 2Sam 22:8 (|| רגז) = Ps 18:8 (|| id.), Ps 77:19 (+ רגז), also Isa 13:13 (with עַלכֵּֿן, + מִמְּקוֺמוֺ, pregnantly; || רָגַז), Jer 51:29 with מִן causative Jer 8:16; Jer 10:10; Jer 49:21 of מוֺסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ Isa 24:18 of heavens Joel 2:10 (לִפְנֵי causative; || רָגַז); heavens and earth Joel 4:16 mountains Jer 4:24; Nah 1:5 (מִן person causative ), Ps 46:4 (ב causative ); walls Ezek 26:10 (מִן causative ); אִיִּים vEzek 26:15 (id.); מִגְרשׁוֺת Ezek 27:28 (ל causative ); הַסִּפִּים Amos 9:1 all living things Ezek 38:20 (מִפָּנַי causative ); of waving grain Ps 72:16. Niph`al נִרְעֲשָׁה הָאָרֶץ Jer 50:46 is made to quake (מִקּוֺל). Hiph`il Perfect 2 masculine singular הִרְעַשְׁתָּה Ps 60:4 1 singular הַרְעַשְׁתִּי Ezek 31:16 ׳וְהִר consecutive Hag 2:7 Imperfect 2 masculine singular suffix 3 masculine singular (הֲ)תַרְעִישֶׁנּוּ Job 39:20 Participle מַרְעִישׁ Isa 14:16 + 2 t.; —

1. cause to quake, subject ׳י, with accusative of heavens, earth, nations, etc., Hag 2:6; Hag 2:7; Hag 2:21, compare Ps 60:4 nations + מִקּוֺל Ezek 31:16 subject man, with accusative of kingdoms Isa 14:16 (|| מַרְגִּיז).

2. cause (horse) to spring, leap (like locust), man subject, Job 39:20.

Strong's Definition H7493

shake, trembled, tremble, shook, moved, …

rāʿaš

to undulate (as the earth, the sky, etc.; also a field of grain), particularly through fear; specifically, to spring (as a locust)

to quake, shake

(Qal) to quake, shake

to cause to quake

Variations 22 forms of this word

Translations 20 English renderings

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Word Parts

כָּ אַרְבֶּ֑ה

כָּ

Prefix — preposition like, as + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)

אַרְבֶּ֑ה

Root word locusts, locust, grasshoppers, grasshopper

Dictionary form: אַרְבֶּה · ar-BEH

Vowels & Accents

כָּ

Hidden "the" כָּ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "like the ___".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Rd/Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

כָּ	Speech Preposition Type Definite Article
אַרְבֶּה	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: as a grasshopper

the locusts ×4 the locust ×3 and the locusts ×2 locust ×2 locusts ×2 and that which the locust ×1 are as the locusts ×1 as a grasshopper ×1

More options

locust — Standard modern term; singular/collective, widely understood.

swarm locust — Highlights the gregarious, swarming phase of the insect.

migratory locust — Precise biological term; good for scientific-register translations.

grasshopper — Use when context stresses smallness or individual insect, not plague.

locust swarm — Emphasizes collective devastation; suits plague or judgment contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB7708 H697

אַרְבֶּה noun masculine^{Exod 10:19} a kind of locust (usually interpreted as the multitudinous, but Dl^{HWB 126 as} = Assyrian âribu, êribu, êribû, locust-swarm, from ארב devastate); — always absolute ׳(הָ)א; — usually collective locust-swarm, in simile of swarm of invaders Judg 6:5; Judg 7:12 often apparently the common species (|| other species, compare לְמִינוֺ Lev 11:22): Jer 46:23; Nah 3:15 (simile of multitude; || יֶלֶק); as destructive Exod 10:4; Exod 10:12; Exod 10:13; Exod 10:14 (twice in verse); Exod 10:19a (all J), Ps 105:34 (|| יֶלֶק), Deut 28:38 (verb תסל), 1Kgs 8:37 = 2Chr 6:28; Ps 78:46 (all + תָסִיל), Joel 1:4 (twice in verse) (|| גָּזָם, יֶלָק, חָסִיל), Joel 2:25 (|| id.); as disappearing suddenly (simile) Nah 3:17 (|| גּוֺב גּוֺבַי); as edible Lev 11:22 (H; || סָלְעָם, חִרְגֹּל, חָגָב); as well organized Prov 30:27 (compare Joel 2:7; Joel 2:8); of single locust, אֶחָד ׳א Exod 10:19b (J), as leaping (simile) Job 39:20, as shaken out of garment (simile) Ps 109:23 (see II. נָעַר). — compare Dr^{Joel 82 ff}.

Strong's Definition H697

locusts, locust, grasshoppers, grasshopper

ʾarbe

a locust (from its rapid increase)

a kind of locust, locust swarm (collective)

Variations 12 forms of this word

Translations 16 English renderings

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Word Parts

ה֖וֹד

Root word glory, honour, majesty, beauty, comeliness, …

Dictionary form: הוֹד · hode

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsc

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

הוֹד	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct

In English

In the KJV here: the glory

his glory ×3 honour ×2 majesty ×2 the glory ×2 and his beauty ×1 and the majesty ×1 glory ×1 his glorious ×1

More options

majesty — Best for royal or divine grandeur contexts.

splendor — Vivid, contemporary; suits poetic or liturgical passages.

glory — Modernizes frequent KJV rendering; broad theological use.

honor — Modernizes KJV 'honour'; fits social or dignitary contexts.

radiance — Emphasizes luminous, outward beauty or brilliance.

grandeur — Conveys impressive scale or stateliness; slightly formal.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB2090 H1935

I. הוֺד noun masculine^{Job 37:22} splendour, majesty, vigour (chiefly in poetry) (Late Hebrew id.) — ׳ה absolute Job 37:22 + 8 t. (׳הַה 1Chr 29:11); construct Isa 30:30 + 3 t.; suffix הוֺדִי Dan 10:8 הוֺדְךָ Num 27:20 + 2 t.; הוֺדֶ֑ךָ Prov 5:9; Ps 145:4 הוֺדוֺ Hos 14:7 + 3 t.; הֹדֹה Jer 22:18 —

1. splendour, majesty, of king הוֺדְךָ וַהֲדָרֶ֑ךָ Ps 45:4 הוֺד וְהָדָר תְּשַׁוֶּה עָלָיו Ps 21:6, subject ׳י (|| גָּדוֺל כְּבוֺדוֺ בִּישׁוּעָתֶ֑ךָ); foretold of the צֶמַח Zech 6:13 וְהוּאיִֿשָּׂא הוֺד וְיָשַׁב וּמָשַׁל עַלכִּֿסְאוֺ; compare וַיִּתֵּן עָלָיו הוֺד מַלְכוּת 1Chr 29:25 (׳י confers on Solomon); ׳וְלֹא ָנתְנוּ עָלָיו ה מַלְכוּת Dan 11:21 (of usurper); see also וְהוֺי הֹדֹה Jer 22:18 in lament for king. Hence also

2. divine splendour, majesty, light & glory which God wears as king: הוֺד וְהָדָר לָבָ֑שְׁתָּ Ps 104:1 (7 t. joined with הָדָר); compare Job 40:10 where ׳י addresses Job in irony: עַלאֱֿלוֺהַּ נוֺרָא הוֺד Job 37:22 וְהָדָר לְפָנָיו ׳ה Ps 96:6 = 1Chr 16:26 also הַגְּדֻלָּה ׳וְהַגְּבוּרָה וְהַתִּפְאֶרֶת וְהַנֵּצַח וְהַה 1Chr 29:11 see further כִּסָּה שָׁמַיִם הוֺדוֺ Hab 3:3 (|| וּתְהִלָּתוֺ מָֽלְאָה הָאָ֑רֶץ); אֲשֶׁרתְּֿנָה הוֺדְךָ עַלהַֿשָּׁמַיִם Ps 8:2 (|| בְּכָלהָֿאָ֑רֶץ מָהאַֿדִּיר שִׁמְךָ); also הוֺדוֺ עַלאֶֿרֶץ וְשָׁמָ֑יִם Ps 148:13 (|| נִשְׁגָּב שְׁמוֺ לְבַדּוֺ); הֲדַר כְּבוֺד הוֺדֶ֑ךָ Ps 145:4 of Yahweh's actions הוֺד וְהָדָר פָּעֳלוֺ Ps 111:3 of his voice אֶתהֿוֺד קוֺלוֺ ׳זְהִשְׁמִיעַ י Isa 30:30.

3. a. splendour of Israel under divine blessing וִיהִי כַזַּיִת הוֺדוֺ Hos 14:7.
b. majesty, dignity, authority of Moses Num 27:20 (P; only here in Hexateuch) וְנָתַתָּ מֵהוֺדְךָ עָלָיו. Also,
c. manly vigour לַאֲחֵרִים הוֺדֶ֑ךָ פֶּןתִּֿתֵּן Prov 5:9, in warning against licentiousness; as displayed in outward appearance וְהוֺדִי נֶהְפַּךְ עָלַי לְמַשְׁחִית Dan 10:8 (|| כֹּחַ).

4. of a horse, majesty, majestic force הוֺד נַחְרוֺ אֵימָה Job 39:20 the majesty of his snorting (majestic snorting, VB) is a terror; also in simile of Yahweh's dealings with Judah, וְשָׂם אוֺתָם כְּסוּס הוֺדוֺ בַּמִּלְחָמָה Zech 10:3 and he will make them like the horse of his majesty in battle.

Strong's Definition H1935

glory, honour, majesty, beauty, comeliness, …

hôd

grandeur (i.e., an imposing form and appearance)

splendor, majesty, vigour

Variations 10 forms of this word

Translations 19 English renderings

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Word Parts

נַחְר ֣וֹ

נַחְר

Root word nostrils, snorting

֣וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: נַחַר · na-HAHR

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsc/Sp3ms

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

נַחְר	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct
וֹ	Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular

In English

In the KJV here: of his nostrils

of his nostrils ×1 the snorting ×1

More options

snorting — Best for animal or battle imagery; vivid and dynamic.

nostrils — Anatomical sense; fits descriptions of breathing or anger.

nasal blast — Emphasizes the forceful expulsion of breath.

flaring nostrils — Captures both anatomy and emotional intensity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5130 H5170

[נַ֫חַר] noun [masculine] a snorting; suffix נַחְרוֺ Job 39:20 (of horse).

BDB5131 H5170

[נַחֲרָה] noun feminine id.; — construct נַחֲרַת סוּסָיו Jer 8:16.

Strong's Definition H5170

nostrils, snorting

naḥar

a snorting

snorting

Variations 2 forms of this word

Translations 2 English renderings

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Word Parts

אֵימָֽה

Root word fear, terror, terrors, terrible, horror, …

Dictionary form: אֵימָה · ay-MAW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncfsa

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

אֵימָֽה

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: is terrible

fear ×2 an horror ×1 and terror ×1 are terrible ×1 his fear ×1 is terrible ×1 me and the terrors ×1 my fear ×1

More options

terror — Strongest rendering; fits contexts of overwhelming dread.

dread — Slightly more internal/psychological; good for personal fear.

horror — Emphasizes visceral, gut-level reaction; vivid in narrative.

awe-inspiring dread — Use when the source is divine or majestic.

fear — Broader, milder; suits less intense or generalized contexts.

dread-inspiring presence — Captures the noun's occasional sense of a fearsome entity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB382 H367 H368

אֵימָה₁₇ noun feminine terror, dread (Talmud id., compare Assyrian imtu, Dl^W) — ׳א Gen 15:12 +; אֵימָ֫תָה Exod 15:16 (compare Ges^{«GKC:90»§ 90}, 2 R. b); construct אֵימַת Prov 20:2 suffix אֵימָתִי Exod 23:27 אֵמָתִי Job 33:7, etc.; plural אֵימִים Jer 50:38 אֵמִים Job 20:25 אֵימוֺת Ps 55:5 suffix אֵמֶיךָ Ps 88:16 — terror, dread (mostly in poetry), inspired by ׳י Exod 15:16 (song in E || פַּחַד) Exod 23:27 (E) Deut 32:25; Job 9:34; Job 13:21 compare Job 33:7; Job 20:25; Ps 88:16 (|| חֲרוֺנִים, בִּעוּתִים vPs 88:17); compare Gen 15:2 אֵימָה חֲשֵׁכָה גְדוֺלָה; occasioned by enemies Josh 2:9; Isa 33:18; Ezra 3:3 by king Prov 20:2 compare Ps 55:5 אֵימוֺת מָוֶת (|| יִרְאָה, רַעַד, פַּלָּצוּת vPs 55:6); predicate of snorting of a war-horse Job 39:20, of teeth of crocodile Job 41:6 plural figurative = idols (i.e. dreadful, shocking things) Jer 50:38 (|| פּסלים).

BDB9295 H574 H367

[אֵימְתָן D^{§ 35, 1} θ] adjective terrible (ᵑ7 אֵימְתָן, from אֵימְתָא = Biblical Hebrew אֵימָה, q. v. √ אים); — feminine singular absolute אֵימְתָנִי (K^{§ 61, 5})) Dan 7:7 (on form see Prät^{ZMG lvi (1902), 156} Nö^{BSSW 51, Anm. 3}).

Strong's Definition H367

fear, terror, terrors, terrible, horror, …

ʾêmâ

fright; concrete, an idol (as a bugbear)

terror, dread

Variations 14 forms of this word

Translations 16 English renderings

Job 39:19

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Job 39:21