Judges 14:11

וַ יְהִ֖י

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יְהִ֖י

Root word be, pass, was, were, came, …

Dictionary form: הָיָה · haw-YAW

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and it came to pass

and it came to pass ×336 shall be ×333 was ×233 be ×174 came ×133 were ×117 and it shall come to pass ×97 and it shall be ×92

More options

be — Default copula; suits timeless or stative contexts.

become — Prefer when a change of state or transformation is implied.

happen — Fits narrative events; modernizes 'come to pass'.

occur — Formal register; good for reported events or incidents.

exist — Emphasizes being or presence rather than action.

take place — Idiomatic for scheduled or unfolding events.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

יהוה_{c. 6823} i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺה^C518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה₃₀₅ (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philo^{de Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529}), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö^{§ 88}). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see Lag^{Sym i.14} Baud^{Studien i.179 ff.}; Dr^{Stud.Bib.i.1 ff.} For Jeve see Sta^{ZAW 1881, 346} De^{ib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.}

2. on literature of interpretations see Nes^Eg.67 Dr^{l.c. — Many recent scholars explain} יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, Nes^Eg.88 (but Nes^{Eg.91 inclines to Qal as} RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev} see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RS^{OTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245}, compare We^{Skizzen iii.175}; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, Sta^G.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876}, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ew^infr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Dr^l.c.17)).

**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by Bau^{Rel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230)}; Dl^{Pa 162 ff.} claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kue^{national Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.)} Jastr^{JBL xiil {1894}, 103 f.} compare Hpt^{BAS i. 170 N}; Dl^{Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f.} makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially Hirsch^{ZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff.} Zim^{KATS. 465 ff.}; Spiegelb^{ZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff.} proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in Kö^{EB NAMES, § 112 and n.3}. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to Schw^{ThLZ, 1905, col. 612}.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare Ew^{BTh ii. 337, 338} RS^{l.c., Proph. 385 ff.} Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc Lag^{Psalt.Hieron.156}); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich We^JD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI¹⁸. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b Dl^{Pa 158 ff.} Dr^{Stud. Bib. i. 7 ff}.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D²); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D² 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D² 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by R^P as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.

2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.

3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — Bonk^{ZAW 1891, 126 ff.} seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2145 H1961

הָיָה₃₅₇₀ verb fall out, come to pass, become, be (SI¹; SI⁶ היה, ib³ הית; parallel form of הוה, Arabic , Aramaic הֲוָא, ; see הָוָה above) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular הָיָה Gen 3:1 +; וְהָיָה consecutive Gen 4:14 +; 3 feminine singular הָֽיְתָה Gen 1:2 +; הָיָ֑תָה Isa 14:24 + 3 t.; וְהָֽיְתָה consecutive Gen 9:13 +; והית2Kgs 9:37 Kt (Qr וְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singular הָיִיתָ Deut 5:15 +; 1 singular הָיִיתִיGen 31:40 3 plural הָיוּ Gen 6:4 +; 2 masculine plural הֱיִיתֶ ם Exod 22:20 +; וִהְיִיתֶם consecutive Gen 3:5 +; 1 plural הָיִינוּIsa 1:9 +; etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִהְיֶה Gen 1:29 +; jussive יְהִיGen 1:3 +; יֶהִ֑י Ezek 16:15 וִיהִיGen 1:6 +; וַיְהִי Gen 1:3 +; וַיֶּ֑הִי Ps 33:9; Ezek 16:19 3 feminine singular תִּהְיֶה Gen 21:30 +; 1 singular אֶהְיֶה Exod 3:12 +; וָאֶהְיֶה2Sam 7:6 + 9 t.; וָאֱהִי Judg 18:4 + 12 t.; 3 masculine plural יִהְיוּ Gen 6:19 +; 3 feminine plural תִּהְיֶינָהIsa 16:2 + 19 t.; תִּהְיֶין֣Gen 41:36 + 11 t.; וְתִהְיֶנָה Jer 18:21; Jer 48:6 וַתִּהְיֶינָה 2Sam 20:3 + 6 t.; וַתִּהְיֶיןָGen 26:35; 1Sam 25:43 וַתִּהְיֶנָה 1Chr 7:15 2 masculine plural תִהְיוּ Gen 34:15 +; תִהְיוּן Exod 22:20 1 plural נִהְיֶה Gen 38:23 +; וַנִּהְיֶה2Sam 11:23; Jer 44:17 וַנְּהִי Num 13:33; Isa 64:5, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הֱיֵה Exod 18:19 +; feminine singular הֲיִיGen 24:60 masculine plural הֱיוּExod 19:15; Num 16:16, וִהְיוּ 1Sam 4:9 + 6 t.; Infinitive absolute הָיוֺ Gen 18:18 + 3 t.; הָיֹה 1Kgs 13:32; Ezek 1:3 construct הֱיוֺת Gen 2:18 +, so read probably also for הֱיֵה Ezek 21:15 compare Sm Kö^{i. p. 600 f.} (Co em. היהלֿה to הָהֵל shine, glitter); with prefix בִּהְיוֺת Exod 5:13 +, בִּהְיֹת Exod 19:16 +; לִהְיוֺת Gen 10:8 +, לִהְיֹת Exod 23:1 +; suffix הֱיוֺתִי Jonah 4:2 הֱיוֺתְךָ Judg 18:19 (twice in verse); לִהְיֹתְךָ Deut 26:10, etc.; Participle feminine הוֺיָה Exod 9:3.

I. 1. a. Fall out, happen מֶההָֿיָה הַדָּבָר 1Sam 4:16 how has the matter fallen out, (gone, turned out) ? so 2Sam 1:4 מֶההָֿיָה לוֺ Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (both J E) what has happened to him? compare 1Sam 10:12 מִקְרֶה הוּא הָיָה לָנוּ 1Sam 6:9 a chance it is that has befallen us; also וַיְהִילֿוֺ כֵּן 2Kgs 7:20 and so it happened to him, compare וַיְהִיכֵֿן below
b. occur, take place, come about, come to pass: — גְדוֺלָה הָֽיְתָה בָּעָם מַגֵּפָה 1Sam 4:17 a great slaughter has taken place among the people, compare 2Sam 17:9 וַתְּהִי הַמִּלְחָמָה בְּיַעַר אֶפְרַיִם 2Sam 18:6 and the battle took place in the wood of Ephraim (on אפרים compare Klo Dr); Josh 22:17 (P; of plague); תְּהִי נָא אָלָה Gen 26:28 (J) let an oath take place (be taken) so Judg 21:5 compare 2Kgs 17:7 (si vera lectio), Ezek 16:34 especially late, 2Chr 29:36; 2Chr 32:31; Eccl 1:9; Eccl 1:10; Eccl 3:22; Eccl 8:7; Eccl 10:14 etc.; often of fulfilment of prediction, command, expectation, etc.: — כֵּן הָיָה Gen 41:3 (E) so it came to pass, 2Sam 13:25, וַיְהִיכֵֿן Judg 6:38; 2Kgs 15:12; Isa 29:5, & especially וַיְהִיכֵֿן Gen 1:7; Gen 1:9; Gen 1:11; Gen 1:15; Gen 1:24; Gen 1:30 (all P) +; יְהִי כִדְבָרֶ֑ךָ Gen 30:34 let it be as thou sayest, Zech 6:15, see also לֹא תָקוּם וְלֹא יִהְיֶה Isa 7:7 it shall not arise (be realized) & shall not come about, Isa 14:34 (so often בּוֺא q. v. 2 c, p. 98 above)

2. especially & very often, come about, come to pass followed by substantive (subject) clause almost always + modifying (usually temporal) clause or phrase:
a. ( I) וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.) followed by
(a) Imperfect consecutive: a. with Infinitive with כְּ temporal Gen 12:14; Gen 19:17 (both J) + 75 t. + Esth 3:4 Qr (Hexateuch chiefly J, — so always Genesis, — & J E; P only Exod 16:10, D only Deut 5:20; Deut 31:24; Josh 5:1; Josh 9:1 27 t. in Kings), — somewhat different is 2Kgs 7:18 β. with Infinitive with בְּ Gen 4:8; Gen 11:2 (both J) + 29 t. + Esth 3:4 Kt (in Hexateuch 10 t. J E; 3 t. P, Gen 19:29; Exod 34:29; Num 17:7 not in D); γ. with בְּ followed by temporal noun (יוֺם, בֹּקֶר, etc.) Gen 21:22 (E) Gen 26:32 (J) + 45 t. (Hes 14 t. J E; 3 t. P, Exod 6:28; Exod 16:13; Num 7:1 not D); δ. לְ temporal 1Sam 1:20; 2Sam 13:23; 1Kgs 20:26; 1Chr 20:1 ε. כְּ temporal Gen 39:11; 1Sam 25:38 ζ. מִן temporal namely: מֵאָז Gen 39:5, מִיּוֺם 1Sam 7:2 compare 1Sam 30:25, מִיָּמִים Judg 11:4; Judg 15:1, מִקֵּץ Gen 4:3; Gen 8:6 + 6 t., מִקְצֵה Josh 3:2; 2Kgs 8:3; Ezek 3:16, especially מִמָּחֳרָת Gen 19:34; Exod 18:13 + 11 t.; η. כַּאֲשֶׁר temporal Gen 12:11 (J) Gen 20:13 (E) + 31 t. (Hexateuch 13 t. J E, Deut 2:16, not P), characteristic of Nehemiah's memoris, Neh 3:33; Neh 4:1; Neh 4:6; Neh 4:9; Neh 6:1; Neh 6:16; Neh 7:1; Neh 13:19 θ. with כִּי temporal Gen 6:1 (J) Exod 3:21 (E) + 14 t. + Judg 16:25 Kt; ι. אַחֲרֵי temporal Gen 22:20 (J) + 13 t., אַחַר Gen 39:7; Job 42:7, אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן Judg 16:14 + 6 t.; κ. followed by עַד temporal 1Sam 14:19 (on which compare Dr); compare עַדכֹּֿה וְעַדכֹּֿה 1Kgs 18:45 λ. with combinations; as בְּ with temporal noun + בְּ Infinitive Gen 34:25; Exod 19:16; 1Sam 25:37 בְּ Infinitive + כְּ Infinitive Josh 3:14 double preposition כְּמִשְּׁלשׁ חֳדָשִׁים Gen 38:24 מִקְצֵה + אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר Josh 9:16 מִיָּמִים + id. Josh 23:1 μ. other unusual constructions under this head are: those where temporal idea is expressed by a circumstantial clause Isa 22:7; 1Kgs 13:20; 2Kgs 8:21 (Dr^{§ 165, &} Οβς.) = 2Chr 21:9 those with indefinite כֹּל 1Sam 10:11; 2Sam 2:23; 2Sam 15:2, or with participle = rel. clause 1Sam 11:1 (on all see Dr^{§ 78 n.} & Sm); quite unique is 1Kgs 16:31, with הֲנָקֵל ׳לָכְתּוֺ וגוin place of temporal clause
(b) וַיְהִי sometimes followed by simple Perfect, with a negative Gen 39:10 (with כְּ Infinitive), Exod 13:17 (with בְּ Infinitive) 2Kgs 12:7; 2Kgs 17:25 (both with בְּ temporal); & without negative, Gen 8:13 (P) Gen 14:1 +, usually with בְּ temporal (38 t.), Hexateuch chiefly P; rarely with other preposition & adverb as above; note especially מִדֵּי followed by Infinitive 1Sam 18:30; 2Chr 12:11 sometimes the subject of following Perfect precedes it with וְ, as Gen 22:1; Gen 41:1; 1Sam 18:19; 1Sam 30:1; 2Kgs 2:9; 2Kgs 4:40 +; note especially 2Sam 17:27 where several subject & also several objects precede the Perfect (compare Dr); in these cases temporal modifier is occasionally a circumstantial clause 2Sam 13:30; 1Kgs 8:10; 2Kgs 19:37 = Isa 37:38 rarely subject precedes Perfect without וְ 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 21:1, compare subject preceding Participle without וְ Neh 4:10 in 2Chr 8:1 the object (with וְ) precedes what is apparently the principal verb
(c) וַיְהִי followed by וְהִנֵּה Gen 24:15 (J; טֶרֶם in temporal clause), Gen 29:25 (E), Gen 38:27 (J, both בְּ temporal) vGen 38:29 (כְּ Participle), 1Sam 13:10 (כְּ Infinitive); also 2Sam 1:2; 2Sam 13:36; 2Sam 15:32 (circumstantial clause) 2Kgs 2:11 (id.), 2Kgs 3:20; 2Kgs 13:21 (circumstantial clause).
(d) rarely וַיְהִי (in this sense) followed by other constructions: אָז יִתֵּן 1Kgs 9:10 (with מִקְצֵה); Imperfect frequentative 1Kgs 14:28 (with מִדֵּיבּֿאֹ), 2Kgs 4:8 (with מִדֵּי עָבְרוֺ) Jer 36:23 (with כְּ Infinitive); Perfect consecutive frequentative 2Chr 24:11 (with בְּ temporal). (2) rarely also Perfect with וְ conjunctive וְהָיָה (compare Dr^{§ 183}) followed by Imperfect consecutive as subject clause: 1Sam 1:12 (c. several circumstantial clause), 1Sam 10:9 (with כְּ Infinitive) 2Kgs 3:15 (id.), 1Sam 17:48 (with כִּי), Jer 37:11 (with בְּ Infinitive), Amos 7:2 (with אִם temporal); also Jer 3:9 (apparently with מִן causative, but obscure); 1Sam 13:22 (with בְּ temporal) is followed by וְלֹא & Perfect as well as Imperfect consecutive
b. less often וְהָיָה Perfect consecutive and it shall come to pass, or frequentative,came to pass (repeatedly, etc.) usually
(a) followed by simple Imperfect (c. 100 t.): a. with בְּ temporal Deut 21:16; Deut 25:19 + 37 t., (especially בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא Hos 2:18; Hos 2:33; Isa 7:18; Isa 7:21; Isa 7:23 + 21 t.); β. with בְּ local Ezek 47:23; Zech 13:8 compare also Hos 2:1 (בִּמְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר, but perhaps = instead of, compare VB); γ. with indefinite rel. clause, or its equivalents (כֹּל indefinite, etc.), compare Dr^{§ 121}, Obs. 1: Gen 4:14; Num 17:20; Deut 12:11; Deut 18:19; Josh 7:14; Josh 7:15; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 2:36; 1Sam 17:25; 2Sam 15:35; 1Kgs 19:17; 1Kgs 20:6; Isa 4:3; Isa 24:18; Nah 3:7; Jer 27:8; Jer 42:4; Ezek 47:9; Zech 14:17; Joel 3:5 δ. with כַּאֲשֶׁר Num 33:56; Deut 28:63; Josh 23:15; Judg 7:17; Isa 29:8; Jer 31:28; Zech 8:13 ε. less often with other modifying phrase: כְּ Infinitive Exod 33:8; Exod 33:9 (both frequentative), Josh 3:13; Josh 8:8; Jer 25:12; Jer 51:63 בְּ Infinitive Gen 9:14 (P) 2Kgs 4:10; Ezek 44:17 אִם of condition Deut 20:11 (+ vDeut 20:11 Dr^{§ 118 n}.), also Josh 22:18, where the arrangement is peculiar, & the condition is expressed without אִם (compare Dr^{§ 155}); לְ temporal Deut 23:12 מִקֵּץ Isa 23:17 טֶרֶם Isa 65:24 מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֺ Isa 66:23, etc.
(b) וְהָיָה followed by Perfect consecutive (c. 85 t.): α. most often + clause with כִּי temporal Gen 12:12; Gen 46:33 (both J) Exod 1:10 (E) Deut 11:29; Isa 8:21 + 25 t.; β. with אִם Exod 4:8; Exod 4:9; Num 15:24; Deut 11:13 + 14 t.; also Gen 38:9; Num 21:9 (both frequentative); γ. with בְּ temporal Gen 30:41 (frequentative) Gen 47:24 (but compare Ol Di) Exod 16:5 + 11 t.; δ. with indefinite rel. clause or equivalent (Dr^{§ 121} Obs. 1): Gen 24:14; Num 10:32 (Dr^{§ 118 n}.) Num 21:18; Deut 21:3; Judg 11:31; Judg 19:30; Zech 14:16 ε. occasionally with other modifying phrase: כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:40 +; כְּ Infinitive Gen 44:31 +; בְּ Infinitive Exod 33:22 +; מִקֵּץ 2Sam 14:26 עֵקֶב causative Deut 7:12 also
(c) followed by וְלֹא + simple Imperfect Exod 3:21 (with כִּי temporal).
(d) וְהָיָה followed by Imperative (very rare) Deut 6:10 (with כִּי temporal), 1Sam 10:7 (with כִּי), compare 1Sam 29:10, compare Perfect consecutive in command 1Sam 3:9 (with אִם).
(e) וְהָיָה followed by simple Perfect (also very rare) Deut 8:19 (with אִם).
(f) וְהָיָה followed by clause without verb: Gen 24:43; Josh 2:19; 1Kgs 18:24 (all with indefinite rel. modifier, or equivalents, see
(a) γ,
(b) δ, above).
(g) וְהָיָה (ו conjunctive) followed by Imperfect consecutive see
a.
(e) above

II. Come into being, become: —

1. a. absolute, in lively narrative, arise, appear, come וַתְּהִי צְעָקָה גְדֹלָהExod 12:80 (J) and there arose a great cry in Egypt; וַיְהִיקֿוֺל Ezek 1:25 (strike out Co compare Da), Ezek 37:7 (strike out קוֺל ᵐ5 Co); כִּי הָֽיְתָה הָֽרְוָחָה Exod 8:11 (J) Pharaoh saw that respite had come; Mic 7:4 now shall come their confusion (|| בוא); also of concrete objects וְהָֽיְתָה הַקֶּשֶׁת בֶּעָנָן Gen 9:16 (P) and the bow shall appear in the clouds (|| וְנִרְאֲתָה) וְרִמָּה לֹא הָֽיְתָה בּוֺ Exod 16:24 (P) and worms did not appear in it; of condition or action begun & continuing, as: famine Gen 12:10; Gen 26:1 (twice in verse) (all J), Gen 41:54 (E), Ruth 1:1; 2Sam 21:1; 2Kgs 6:25 strife Gen 13:7; Gen 13:8 (J), Hab 1:3 (|| מָדוֺן יִשָּׂא); often of action of the elements, as the coming of hail Exod 9:18; Exod 9:24; Exod 9:26 (all J), thunder & lighting, etc., Exod 19:16 (E), rain 1Kgs 18:45, storm Jonah 1:4 especially of creative fiats יְהִי אוֺר וַיְהִי אוֺר Gen 1:3 let light appear, and light appeared, compare vGen 1:5 vGen 1:8 vGen 1:13 vGen 1:19 vGen 1:23 vGen 1:31 (all P); also arise, come on the stage or scene, וְאַחֲרָיו הָיָה שַׁמְגַּר Judg 3:31 and after him arose Shamgar (= וַיָּקָם Judg 10:1); further וַעֲלָטָה הָיָה Gen 15:17 (JE) and darkness came on; הַבֹּקֶר הָיָה Exod 10:13 (J) the morning came, Exod 19:16 (E); וַיְהִי הַיּוֺם 1Sam 1:4 and the day came, when (see Dr), 1Sam 14:1; 2Kgs 4:8; 2Kgs 4:11; 2Kgs 4:18; Job 1:6; Job 1:18; Job 2:1.
b. followed by preposition: בְּ, וְיָדֵנוּ אַלתְּֿהִיבֿוֺ Gen 37:27 (J) but our hand, let it not come upon him, of hand of ׳יּ 1Sam 5:9; 1Sam 7:13; 1Sam 12:15 + (all in hostile sense); בְּכָלשֲֶֿֿׁר יֶשׁלֿוֺ ׳וַיְהִי בִּרְכַּת י Gen 39:5 (J) and the blessing of ׳י came into (on) all that he had; but also of plague Exod 12:13 (P); followed by עַל, וּמֵי הַמַּבּוּל הָיוּ עַלהָֿאָרֶץ Gen 7:10 (J) that the waters of the flood came upon the earth; עָלַי הָיוּ כֻלָּ֑נָה Gen 42:36 (E) Gen 9:2 (P) fear shall come upon, compare Gen 35:25 (P) 2Chr 14:13; 2Chr 17:19; 2Chr 20:29 +; of wrath Josh 22:20; 1Kgs 3:27 so of Saul's evil spirit from God 1Sam 16:16; 1Sam 16:23; 1Sam 19:9 (אֶל); but followed by עַל also in good sense ׳וַתְּהִי עָלָיו רוּחַ י conferring strength & efficiency Judg 3:10; Judg 11:29 (היה = צלח Judg 14:6 + often), compare Num 24:2 (JE) of prophetic power; (on ׳וַתְּהִי לָיו יַד י 2Kgs 3:15; Ezek 3:22 and the like, see יָד); יַד אֱלֹהֵינוּ הָֽיְתָה עָלֵינוּ Ezra 8:31, so Ps 80:18 even וַתְּהִי עַלרֿאֹשׁ דָּוִד 2Sam 12:30 and it (the crown, עֲטֶרֶת) came (i.e. was put, set) on David's head; with a different meaning וַנִּהְיֶה עֲלֵיהֶם עַדפֶּֿתַח הַשָּׁ֑עַר 2Sam 11:23 and we were close upon them even to the gateway (compare We Dr); come, go, follow (followed by אַחֲרֵי) i.e. take the side of, adhere to, Exod 23:2 (JE) 1Sam 12:14; 2Sam 2:10; 1Kgs 12:20; 1Kgs 16:21 followed by לְ of blessings Gen 49:26 (poem); of judgement, punishment Jer 40:3 especially ויהי דבר֗֗֗ אֶל and the word of ... came unto: word of Samuel 1Sam 4:1 usually word of God (or ׳י) Gen 15:1; 1Sam 15:10 +; constantly in prophets: Hos 1:1; Mic 1:1 etc.; especially Jeremiah & Ezekiel: Jer 1:4; Jer 1:11; Jer 1:13; Jer 2:1; Jer 13:8 +; Ezek 3:16; Ezek 6:1; Ezek 7:1; Ezek 11:14; Ezek 11:17; Ezek 11:21; Ezek 11:26; Ezek 12:1; Ezek 12:8 +; so also absolute הָיָה הַמַּשָּׂא הַזֶּה Isa 14:28 in the death-year of king Ahaz came this utterance; also followed by מִן; מַלְכֵי עַמִּים מִמֶּנָּה יִהְיוּ Gen 17:16 (P), וּקְהַל גּוֺיִם יִהְיֶה מִמֶּ֑ךָּ Gen 35:11 (P), וְהָיָה אַדִּירוֺ מִמֶּנּוּ Jer 30:21 (|| מִקִּרְבּוֺ יֵצֵא); הַכֹּל הָיָה מִןהֶֿעָפָר וְהַכֹּל שָׁב אֶל הֶעָפָר Eccl 3:20 all came from the dust, & all return unto the dust; וַיְהִי קֶצֶף גָּדוֺל מֵאֵת צְבָאוֺת ׳י Zech 7:12.

2. become :
a. followed by predicate noun (to be viewed as implicit accusative Dr^{§ 161, 3 n.}, according to the Arabic usage W^{AG ii, § 41. 44. 74}): הִוא הָֽיְתָה אֵם כָּלחָֿ֑י Gen 3:20 (J) it was she that became the mother of all living; וַיְהִי הֶבֶל רֹעֵה צאֹן וְקַיִן הָיָה עֹבֵד אֲדָמָהGen 4:2 (J) and Abel became a shepherd of flocks, while Cain became a tiller of ground; 2Sam 8:14; Mic 2:11 + often
b. followed by predicate adjective Gen 38:7; Exod 36:13 +; compare Gen 37:20 let us see what his dream will become (turn out to be, signify);
c. become like (כְּ), וִהְיִיתֶם כֵּאלֹהִים Gen 3:5 and ye shall become like gods compare vGen 3:22, Num 11:1 (JE), Hos 2:1; Hos 7:11; Isa 9:18; 1Kgs 7:8; Zech 9:7 +; compare Gen 15:5 so (כֹּה) shall thy seed become; specifically of likeness in punishment Isa 1:9; 1Sam 17:36 +; also with כְּ repeated וְהָיָה כָעָם כַּכֹּהֵן Hos 4:9 and the people shall become like the priest (literally, and the like of the people shall become the like of the priest), so especially Isa 24:2 (6 pairs of words as above); וְהָיָה כַצַּדִּיק כָּרָשָׁע Gen 18:25 (J), see כְּ. b + c Gen 27:32 his hands had become like the hands of Esau his brother, hairy.
d. followed by predicate + לְ person וּתְהִי אִשָּׁה לְבֶןאֲֿדֹנֶיךָ Gen 24:51 (J) and let her become wife to the son of thy lord, 1Sam 16:21; 1Kgs 11:25; Ps 89:42; 1Chr 18:6 +; = be instituted, estanblished, וְהָיָה לָהֶםחָקעֿוֺלָם Exod 30:21 (P) and it shall be established for them as a perpetual ordinance (compare f below).
e. followed by לְ predicate: וַיְהִי הָאָדָם לְנֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה Gen 2:7 (J) and the man became a living soul; וְהָיָה לְאַרְבָּעָה רָאשִׁיםGen 2:10 (J) and it became four heads; גַּםהֿוּא יִהְיֶהלְֿעָם Gen 48:19 (J) he too shall become a people; וִהְיוּ לַאֲנָשִׁים 1Sam 4:9 and become (shew yourselves to be) men (|| הִתְחַזְּקוּ; compare with double לְ, f below); Zeph 1:13; Ezek 17:6; Ezek 47:12; Job 16:8 עלמֶלֶךְ עַלכָּֿלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳וְהָיָה י Zech 14:9 וַיְהִי לְמַס עֹבֵד Gen 49:15; Josh 16:10 so often; also in sense of turn into, be changed so as to become, וַיְהִי לְנָחָשׁExod 4:3 and it became a serpent, vExod 4:4; Exod 7:10; Isa 1:22; Deut 26:5 +; figurative וַיְהִי לְמָ֑יִם Josh 7:5 and it (their heart) turned to water, so וְהוּא הָיָה לְאֶבֶן 1Sam 25:37 or, serve as וְהָיוּ לִמְאוֺרֹת Gen 1:15 (P) and they shall become (fulfil the function of, serve as) luminaries, compare vGen 1:14 וְהָיָה לְאוֺת בְּרִית Gen 9:13; Gen 17:11 (both P). feminine often with לְ predicate + לְ person: וַתְּהִי לָהֶם הַלְּבֵנָה לְאָ֑בֶןGen 11:3 (J) and the bricks became (served as) stone for them; וַתְּהִי לִי לְאִשָּׁה Gen 20:12 (E) compare Gen 24:67 (J) +, וַתִּהְיֶינָה מַחְלָה וְחָגְלָה ֗֗֗ לַבְנֵי דֹדֵיהֶן לְנָשִׁים Num 36:11 וְהָיָה לְךָ וְלָהֶם לְאָכְלָה Num 6:21 (P), Exod 2:10; Exod 15:2; Judg 8:27 לִי לֵאלֹהִים ׳וְהָיָה י Gen 28:21 (E); אֲנִי אֶהְיֶה לוֺ לְאָב וְהוּא יִהְיֶהלִֿי לְבֵן 1Chr 17:3 +; = shew or prove oneself as הֱיֵהלִֿי לְבֶןחַֿיִל 1Sam 18:17 shew thyself for me a valiant man (compare 1Sam 4:9 e above); = be instituted, established (compare e above) וְהָיָה לְאַהֲרֹן וּלְבָנָיו לְחָקעֿוֺלָם Exod 29:28 and it shall be instituted for Aaron and his sons as a perpetual ordinance; compare vExod 29:9; Lev 10:15 וְהָֽיְתָה לִהְיֹת לָהֶם מָשְׁחָתָם לִכְהֻנַּת עוֺלָם לְדֹרֹתָם Exod 40:15 (all P).
g. with עַל and לְ 1Sam 22:2 וַיְהִי עֲלֵיהֶם לְשָׂר and he became over them prince.
h. sometimes with לְ person only = become the property of, come into the possession of ׳וַיְהִילֿוֺ צאֹןוּֿבָקָר וְגו Gen 12:15 (J), and he came to have flocks and herds etc., Gen 26:14; Gen 30:43 לֹא לוֺ יִהְיֶה הַזָּ֑רַע Gen 38:9 not his should the seed become; ׳וְהָיָה לי Judg 11:31 it shall become Yah-weh's; Deut 10:9; Josh 13:29; 1Kgs 10:26; 1Kgs 11:3 + often; so of a woman, as wife תְּהִינָֿא לְךָ Judg 15:2 pray let her become thine, compare also וַתְּהִי אֵשֶׁת שִׁמְשׁוֺן לְמֵרֵעֵהוּ Judg 14:20, Hos 3:3; Ruth 1:13; Lev 21:3; Deut 24:2; Jer 3:1; Ezek 16:8 (and also + לְאִשָּׁה, לְנָשִׁים see f above)III. Be (often with subordinate idea of becoming); —

1. exist, be in existence (i.e. originally have come into existence), כָּלהַֿיּמִים אֲשֶׁר הָיָה 1Sam 1:28 all the days which he shall have been (lived, = חַי Gen 5:5 etc., Dr^Sm), Job 3:16; Isa 23:13 often with בְּ local וְכֹל שִׂיחַ הַשָּׂדֶה טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ Gen 2:5 (J) and there was not yet in the earth any shrub of the field; ׳וּבְאֵלֶּה לֹא הָיָה אִישׁ וגו Num 26:64 (P) and among them there was not a man to be found, etc.; also וְלֹא הָיָה כַּיּוֺם הַהוּא לְפָנָיו וְאַחֲרָיו Josh 10:14 (JE) & there hath not been a day like that before it nor since. compare 2Sam 14:25; 2Sam 1:5; 2Sam 21:25; 2Sam 23:25; +; somewhat weaker, in the frequently introductory clause וַיְהִי אִישׁ now there was a man Judg 13:2; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:1; Num 9:6 (P), Job 1:1 +; on אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה Exod 3:14 see יהוֺה.

2. abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) וַיְהִי משֶׁה בָּהָר Exod 24:18 and Moses remainded in the mount forty days, etc., so Exod 34:28 (both J E), Judg 17:4; Judg 17:12; 1Sam 6:1; 1Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 11:3 = 2Chr 22:12 +; also Lev 22:27; Lev 25:28 (both H), etc.; followed by עַד temporal remain until Deut 22:2; 1Kgs 11:40; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Chr 5:9; 2Chr 26:21; Dan 1:21 etc.; compare הוּא יִהְיֶה לְעוֺלָם Eccl 3:14 so also of space followed by עַד extend unto, as far as, Josh 19:10: of net beneath altar, Exod 27:5 shall reach as far as (עַד) the middle of the altar.

3. with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated stand, lie; בִּהְיוֺתָם בַּשָּׂדֶה Gen 4:8 (J) when they were in the field, הַמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁרהָֿיָה שָׁם אָהֳלֹה בַּתְּחִלָּה Gen 13:3 (J) the place where his tent had stood at first; וְהָאָרֶץ תִּהְיֶה לִפְנֵיכֶם Gen 34:10 and the land, it lieth before you; compare Josh 19:1; Judg 7:1; Judg 7:8; Mic 5:6; Mic 5:7 followed by עַל be, be found or situated upon Isa 30:25 and there shall be upon every high mountain etc., streams, water-courses; Ezek 37:27 and my dwelling-place shall be over them; figurative of guilt דָּמִים וְהָיָה עָלָיךָ Deut 19:10 and blood (-guilt) be upon thee.

4. as copula, joining subject & predicate: —
a. followed by predicate adjective וַיִּהְיוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם עֲרוּמִּים Gen 2:25, וְהַנָּחָשׁ הָיָה עָרוּם Gen 3:1, בִּהְיוֺתָם כֹּאֲבִים Gen 34:25, וַיְהִי יוֺסֵף יְפֵהתֹֿאַר Gen 39:6; Deut 23:15; Josh 19:9; Judg 11:1; Job 1:1; Job 1:3b 2Chr 7:21.
b. followed by predicate noun Gen 1:2; Gen 9:18; Gen 25:3; Gen 36:14; Gen 40:13; 1Sam 17:34; 1Sam 17:42; 2Sam 8:10; 2Sam 20:25; 1Kgs 10:6; 2Kgs 3:4; 2Kgs 5:1 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:20; 1Chr 11:20; 1Chr 18:10; 1Chr 26:10; 2Chr 13:7 כִּי לֹאהָֿיָה מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Chr 18:32 (|| 1Kgs 22:33 כִּילֹֿאמֶֿלֶךְ ישׂראל הוּא) +; often of age: וַיְהִי אַבְרָם בֶּןתִּֿשְׁעִים שָׁנָה וְתֵשַׁע שָׁנִים Gen 17:1 (P) 2Kgs 8:17; 2Kgs 14:2; 2Kgs 15:2; 2Kgs 15:33; 2Kgs 18:2; 2Chr 21:20; 2Chr 27:8 +; followed by predicate Infinitive absolute (very anomal.) וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֺךְ וְחָסוֺר Gen 8:5 = amount to, come to, in enumeration of days of life number of people, amounts of money, etc.: Gen 5:4; Gen 5:5; Gen 5:8; Gen 5:11; Gen 5:14; Gen 9:29; Gen 11:32; Gen 23:1 +; Exod 38:24; Num 1:46, etc.
c. followed by adverb & adverbial phrase: לֹאטֿוֺב הֱיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדּוֺGen 2:18 (J) it is not good that the man be alone; חָדַל לִהְיוֺת לְשָׂרָה אֹרַה כַּנָּשִׁים Gen 18:11 (J).
d. followed by preposition: (a) be with, accompany with עִם, subject most often ׳י or אלהים with added idea of protection, aid Gen 26:3; Gen 31:3; Gen 39:10; Gen 48:21; Josh 1:3; Josh 6:27; Judg 1:19; Judg 2:18; 1Sam 3:19; 1Sam 18:12; 1Sam 20:13; 1Kgs 1:37; 1Chr 11:13; 2Chr 17:3 followed by עִמָּדִי Gen 28:20; Gen 31:5; Gen 35:3 followed by עִם, human subject, of accompaniment וְהָיָההַכֹּהֵןבֶּןאַֿהֲרֹן עִםהַֿלְוִיִּם Neh 10:39; 1Chr 11:12, read also in || 2Sam 23:9 (Th We Dr); = be on the side of 1Kgs 1:8 with עִם also = be near הָיָה עִםגֹּֿרֶן האורנה ׳וּמַלְאַךְ י 2Sam 24:16 (compare Dr); also 2Sam 13:20 implying sexual intercourse, so Gen 39:10 (perhaps gloss, compare Di); peculiar uses with עִם are: וּדְבַראַֿבְנֵר הָיָה עִםזִֿקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Sam 3:17 and the speech of A. had been with the elders of Israel, compare 1Kgs 1:7 וַיְהִי עִםלְֿבַב דָּוִד אָבִּי לִבְנוֺת 1Kgs 8:17 and it was with (i.e. in) the heart of David my father to build, = 2Chr 6:7 compare 1Kgs 8:18 (twice in verse); 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 6:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 24:4 also 1Kgs 10:2 = 2Chr 9:1
(b) be with, followed by אֶת, subject ׳י, אלהים, Gen 21:20; Gen 39:2; Gen 39:21 but also with human subject וּבָנָיוּ הָיוּ אֶתמִֿקְנֵהוּ Gen 34:5, compare 1Sam 29:8 +;
(c) followed by לְ of possessor כֶּרֶם הָיָה לִידִדִי Isa 5:1 all vineyard had my beloved, Gen 30:30 compare Exod 20:3 = Deut 5:7; Judg 18:27; 1Sam 9:2; 1Kgs 5:6 + often (compare I. 2 d, f, h);
(d) followed by לְ + other preposition: of boundary וַיְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל מֵעֲרוֺעֵרJosh 13:16, compare וַיְהִי גְבוּלָם מִמַּחֲנַיִם vJosh 13:30 וַוְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל לִפְאַת צָפנַָה מִיַּרְדֵּן Josh 18:12, etc.;
(e) followed by בְּ be among, or of, Amos 1:1 who was one of the herdsmen, 1Kgs 2:7 let them be among those eating, Prov 22:26; Prov 23:20.

5. periphrastic conjug.:
a. היה + participle, of continuous state, or condition, sometimes, especially late (compare Late Hebrew), of habit, with וַיְהִי also of beginning and continuance (compare Dr^{§ 135}, (5)): participle active Gen 39:22 (J), Exod 3:1 (E), 1Sam 2:11; 1Sam 7:10; 1Sam 18:9 (compare Dr) v1Sam 18:14 v1Sam 18:29; 2Sam 8:15 = 1Chr 18:14. Deut 28:29; Isa 30:20; 1Kgs 5:1; 1Kgs 5:15; 1Kgs 5:24; 2Kgs 6:5; 2Kgs 9:14; 2Chr 9:26; Ezra 4:4; Neh 1:4; Neh 2:13; Dan 1:16 +; Gen 1:6 (P); ׳הָיָה יָרֵא אֶתיֿ 1Kgs 18:3; 2Kgs 4:1; 2Chr 26:1 passive participle Josh 10:26; 1Kgs 13:24; 1Kgs 22:35 וְהַמֶּלֶךְ הָיָה מָעֳמָד בַּמֶּרְכָּבָה (|| 2Chr 18:34 הָיָה מַעֲמִיד), Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1, וְהָיָה סָגוּר Ezek 44:2, נַעֲשֶׂה ׳ה Neh 5:18, ׳וְאָהוּב לֵאלֹהָיו ה Neh 13:26 — on 2Sam 13:32 compare Dr.
b. followed by Infinitive with לְ (Dr^{§ 208, 204}): וְהָיָה לְבָעֵר Isa 5:5 and it shall be to burn (is to be, is destined to be burned) etc.; לָבוֺא וַיְהִי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Gen 15:12 and the sun was about to set; וַיְהִי הַשַּׁעַר לִסְגּוֺר Josh 2:5 and the gate was about to be shut; but also וַיְהִי לִדְרשׁ אֱלֹהִים 2Chr 26:5 (nearly = וַיְהִי + Participle) Niph`al Perfect נִהְיָה 1Kgs 1:27 + 6 t. + Mic 2:4 (compare below near the end); 3 feminine singular נִהָיְתָה Judg 19:30 + 5 t., נִהְיָ֑תָה Exod 11:6; Jer 48:19 וְנִהְיָ֑תָה consecutive Ezek 39:8 + Ezek 21:12 (strike out B Manuscripts ᵐ5 Co); 2 masculine singular נִהְיֵיתָ Deut 27:9 1 singular ךּנהִךְייךתי Dan 8:27 Participle feminine singular נִהְיָה Prov 13:19 —

1. either, be done, be brought about, or occur, come to pass: in the strong expressions וְכָמֹהוּ לֹא תֹסִף אֲשֶׁר כָּמֹהוּ ׳לֹא נ Exod 11:6 (J) a cry such as hath not occurred (been raised), and will not be again, compare Deut 4:32 (be done; || נִשְׁמַע), & Judg 19:30 (|| נִרְאֲתָה); — but simply intransitive Joel 2:2; Dan 12:1 & apparently Ezek 21:12 (|| בָּאָ֫ה; on text, however, see above) Ezek 39:8 (|| id.); — also אֵיכָה נִהְיְתָה הָרָעָה הַזֹּאת Judg 20:3 how hath this wickedness been done ? compare vJudg 20:12; Jer 5:30; Jer 48:19 also Neh 6:8 with לֹא, existence denied ׳לֹא נ Zech 8:10 (|| אֵינֶ֑נָּה); in all the above (except Joel 2:2; Dan 12:1 & Ezek 21:12; Ezek 39:8) personal agency is clearly implied; it is expressed ׳מֵאֵת אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶץ נ הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה 1Kgs 1:27, so of divine agency (מֵאִתִּי) 1 K i1Kgs 12:24 = 2Chr 11:4 further be attained, secured, of wages Zech 8:10 (with לֹא, || אֵינֶ֑נָּה); תַּאֲוָּה נִהְיָה Prov 13:19 a desire come to pass, realized.

2. be done, finished, gone, only Daniel וּשְׁנָתוֺ נִהְיְתָה עָלָיו Dan 2:1 and his sleep was finished upon him, i.e. left him (compare Aramaic Dan 6:19); נִהְיֵיתִי Dan 8:27 I came to an end, was exhausted (si vera lectio, strike out ᵐ5; || נֶחֱלֵיתִי); נִהְיָה, in וְנָהָה נְהִי נִהְיָה Mic 2:4, is dubious; it is done, over, the ruin is come Rob-Ges Ew Hi Ca Che L RVm;? < omit as dittograph Sta^{ZAW 1886, 122 f.} compare JBL^{1890, 74.77}.

BDB9470 H1934 H1961

הֲוָא, הֲוָּה₇₁ verb come to pass, become, be (Biblical Hebrew הָיָה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲוָה Dan 4:26 +, הֲוָא Dan 5:19 +; 2 masculine singular הֲוַיְתָ Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34, 1 singular הֲוֵית Dan 4:1 +; 3 masculine plural הֲווֺ Dan 2:35 +; Imperfect 3 masculine singular לֶהֱוֵא (K^{§ 47, l}) b) Dr^{§ 204 Obs.} Nö^{M 215 ff.}; in Jewish-Aramaic as jussive D^{§ 61, lc}) Dan 2:20 +; 3 feminine singular תֶּהֱוֵה Dan 4:24 +, אֵ֯ Ezra 6:8 +, 3 masculine plural לֶהֱוֺן Ezra 6:10 + 6 t., 3 feminine plural לֶהֶוְיָן Dan 5:17 Imperative masculine plural הֱווֺ Ezra 4:22, הֲזוֺ Ezra 6:6 —

1. come to pass Dan 2:28; Dan 2:29 (twice in verse); Dan 2:45.

2. come into being, arise Ezra 7:23 become, come to be, with predicate noun Dan 4:24; Dan 5:29 and ( = represent) Dan 7:23 with כְּ like Dan 2:35 a, with ל predicate vDan 2:35 b, with adjective predicate Ezra 6:6, with adverb phrase Ezra 5:5; Dan 4:22 often periphrastic, with participle: ׳יְדִיעַ לה let become known Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:13; Ezra 5:8 let it be given Ezra 6:8; Ezra 6:9, also Ezra 7:26; Dan 2:20.

3. be, as copula, with adjective predication Dan 2:40; Dan 2:42; Dan 7:19 so very often in periphrastic conjugation with participle, צָבֵא ׳ה wish Dan 5:19 (4 t. in verse), ׳חָזֵה ה behold Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34; Dan 7:2; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:6 +, etc.

be, pass, was, were, came, …

hāyâ

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out

(Qal)

to occur

to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass

to arise, appear, come

to become

to exist, be in existence

to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about

כִּ רְאוֹתָ ֣ם

כִּ

Prefix — preposition like, as

רְאוֹתָ

Root word see, saw, seen, behold, looked, …

֣ם

Suffix — pronoun their / them

Dictionary form: רָאָה · raw-AW

Verb — Qal, Infinitive Construct, construct state simple action — "he did" try "to ___" or "___ing"

In the KJV here: when they saw

saw ×128 see ×97 and see ×45 and saw ×43 to see ×35 shall see ×31 i saw ×29 i have seen ×26

More options

see — Most versatile; suits perception, vision, and understanding.

look — Prefer when deliberate, directed attention is implied.

observe — Good for careful, attentive, or intentional seeing.

perceive — Best when insight or recognition is the focus.

behold — Contemporary contexts of awe or divine encounter.

gaze — When prolonged, intense, or wondering looking is stressed.

BDB7656 H7200 H7207 H7203 H3070

רָאָה₁₃₁₅ verb see (Late Hebrew id.; וארא MI⁴, הראני Deut 1:7, compare ריח spectacle Deut 1:12 Sabean ראי see, expect DHM^{ZMG xxix (1875), 506,599}; Arabic see, so Ethiopic ᵑ7 רֵו, רֵיוָא human appearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrew רְָאִי 2)); —

Qal₁₁₄₁ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ר Gen 29:10 +, suffix וְרָֽאֲךָ consecutive Exod 4:14 רָאָהוּ 2Kgs 2:12 +; 3 feminine singular רָֽאֲתָה Gen 38:14, suffix רָאָֽתְךָ Job 42:5 2 masculine singular רָאִיתָ Gen 20:10 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִרְהֶ Gen 22:8 +, jussive יֵרֵא Gen 41:33 (Baer Gi, Ges^{«GKC:75p»§ 75p}, «GKC:75hh»hh Kö^i.561; van d. H. יֵרֶא), יִ֫רֶא Exod 5:21 +, וַיַּרְא Gen 18:2 + (1Sam 19:20, read plural ᵐ5 Comm., i.e. וַיִּרְאֻ Dr^{Sm lxiii}), suffix יִרְאַנִי Exod 33:20, וַיִּרְאֵ֑נִי 2Sam 1:7 3 feminine singular תִּרְאֶה Lev 20:17; Job 33:28, jussive תֵּרֵא Mic 7:10; Zech 9:5 (Baer Gi, compare Ges Kö above; van d. H תֵּרֶא), וַתֵּ֫רֶא Gen 3:6 +; 1 singular אֶרְאֶה Gen 21:16 +, וָאֵ֫רֶא Gen 31:10 +, etc.; Imperative רְאֵה Gen 27:27 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute רָאֹה Exod 3:7 +, רָאוֺ Gen 26:28; Isa 6:9 construct רְאֹה Gen 48:11, רְאוֺת Exod 10:28 +, רַאֲוָה Ezek 28:17, etc., Participle active רֹאֶה Ezek 13:15 +, etc.; passive רְאֻיוֺת (Baer Gi; van d. H. רְאֻיּוֺת) : —

1. a. see, subject עַיִן, עֵינַיִם, with accusative of person Isa 6:5; Isa 30:20; Jer 42:2 + 5 t. Job, Proverbs; subject person, with accusative Gen 12:12; Gen 12:15 + מִי רָאָהוּ 1Sam 23:22, read הֵמְּהֵרָה ᵐ5 Th We and others. [not HPS]); רֹאִי 1Sam 16:13 (participle suffix, compare בְּאֵר לַחֵי רֹאִי v1Sam 16:14, .p. 91 above) accusative of God 1Sam 32:31 (פָּנִים אֶלפָּֿנִים); accusative of person omitted 1Sam 18:2; 1Sam 19:1 +; with accusative פְּנֵי 1Sam 31:2; 1Sam 46:30; 1Sam 48:11; Exod 33:20, opposed to אֶתאֲחֹרָ֑י vExod 33:23 with accusative פְּנֵי specifically of having access to man of rank Gen 43:3; Gen 43:5 + (see [ פָּנֶה] 2 b).
b. see, with accusative of thing: subject עַיִן, עֵינַיִם Josh 24:7 (E) 1Sam 24:11 (van d. H. Baer; v.1Sam 24:10 Gi), Deut 3:21 + 5 t. Deuteronomy, +; וְעֵינָיו אֶתעֵֿינָיו תִּרְאֶינָה Jer 32:4, compare Jer 34:3 accusative omitted 2Sam 24:3; Deut 21:7 + 9 t. (לִרְאוֺת) 1Sam 6:13 read לקְרָאתוֺ ᵐ5 We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); subject pers Gen 13:15; Gen 31:12 + very often; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַרְאֶה Exod 3:8 + 7 t., מַרְאָה Dan 10:7 (twice in verse); Dan 10:8, חָזוֺן Dan 8:15, חֶזְיֹנוֺת Joel 3:1 hence see absolute= receive revelation, Isa 30:10 (|| חזה), compare Ezek 13:3 and see I. רֹאֶה; with accusative עֶרְוָה, see ׳צ, p. 788 f.; see war, i.e. see it impending Exod 13:17 (E); אֶתהַֿקּוֺתֹ ׳וְאֶתהַֿלַּפִּידִים ר Exod 20:18 (Gi vExod 20:15); רֹאֵי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Eccl 7:11 those who see the sun = living men; accusative of thing. omitted Exod 22:9; 2Sam 13:5 +, וָאֶרֵאֶה בֶּחָזוֺן Dan 8:2 (twice in verse).(absolute); וְלֹא יִרְאוּ לֹא יֵדְעוּ Neh 4:5 עֵינֵי רֹאִים Isa 32:3, מְקוֺם רֹאִים Job 34:26 with adverb or adverb phrase instead of accusative of thing: כָּהֵנָּה Gen 41:19 compare Isa 66:8; Ezek 1:27 (twice in verse), כַּאֲשֶׁר 2Kgs 2:19; 2Chr 29:8; 2Chr 30:7; Job 4:8; Ezek 16:50; Dan 1:13, כֵּן Ps 48:9.

2. see, followed by accusative + clause or phrase of closer designation: (I) + epexegetical clause with כִּי, accusative of person Gen 6:2 saw them that they were fair, Gen 12:4 (both J), Exod 2:2; Exod 32:25 (both E), 1Kgs 11:28, accusative of face + id. Gen 31:5 (E), Exod 34:25 (P); accusative of thing Gen 49:15 (poem), Isa 22:9; Gen 1:4 (P), Eccl 2:24; Eccl 4:4 and probably 2Kgs 14:26 (reading כִּי מַר הוּא); (2) כָּלהַֿבָּא עָלָיו וְעָמָ֑ד ׳ר 2Sam 20:12 (3) + adjective (including participle), accusative person Gen 7:1 (J), Amos 9:1; 2Sam 18:10 + 39 t. (Jer 46:5 strike out ׳ר ᵐ5 Gie), + accusative אֲשֶׁר Exod 14:13 (twice in verse) (J); accusative of thing, Exod 23:5; Exod 33:10 (both E), Deut 22:4; Ezek 33:3; Ezek 33:6; Dan 1:10; Dan 8:4; Dan 8:6; Dan 8:7 (4) + מָה, accusative of thing Num 13:18 (JE), Hag 2:3 (5) + preposition Phr., accusative of person Exod 5:19 (J), Zech 4:10; Eccl 10:7; Esth 5:9 accusative of thing + בִּכְבוֺדוֺ Hag 2:3, + כ pres. Jer 23:13; Jer 23:14, + כ person Judg 9:36, כ of thing 2Sam 18:27 (6) accusative of person + adverb accusative + כ person Jer 30:6.

3. see, so as to learn to know: with accusative of person Deut 33:9 (|| הִכִּיר, יַדַע); with accusative of thing Deut 1:19; Deut 1:31; Deut 11:2; Job 11:11 (|| יָדַע ), Ps 16:10; Ps 49:10 = have experience of, Jer 5:12; Jer 14:13; Jer 20:18; Jer 42:14; Zeph 3:15; Ps 89:49; Eccl 5:17, שֵׁנָה בְּעֵינָיו אֵינֶנּוּ רֹאֶה Eccl 8:16 מָה ראית Gen 20:10 i.e.what hast thou encountered, that . . . ? Bacher^{ZAW xix (1899). 345 ff.; Terminol. 177 f.}

4. absolute see, have (power of) vision, Gen 27:1 (J), Gen 48:10 (E), 1Sam 3:2; 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4, miraculous 2Kgs 6:17 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 6:20 (twice in verse); denied of idols Deut 4:28; Ps 115:5; Ps 135:16 figurative of spiritual vision Isa 6:10; Isa 29:18; Isa 42:18; Jer 5:2l Deut 29:3; Ezek 12:2 (twice in verse); Ps 40:13; Ps 69:24 עַיִן רֹאָה Prov 20:12. — 1Sam 14:27 read Qr see אור.

5. see = perceive:
a. followed by clause with כִּי, Exod 3:4; Exod 8:11; Gen 1:10; Gen 1:12 + often(1Sam 23:15 read וַיִּרָא and he feared We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); omit כִּי (late) Lam 1:10; Ps 49:11; Eccl 3:16 followed by מָה of indirect question Gen 2:19 (J), Gen 37:20 (E), Judg 9:48; Deut 32:20; Jer 7:17; Jer 33:24; Ezek 8:6; Jonah 4:5 +; בַּמָּה Judg 16:5 compare 1Sam 14:38, כַּמָּה Zech 2:6; Ps 35:17 followed by מִי of indirect question 1Sam 14:17; Isa 40:26; Lam 2:20 ( + הַבִּיטָה); followed by אֵי 1Sam 26:16, אֵיכֹה 2Kgs 6:13, אֵיפֹה Jer 3:2 followed by clause with הֲ whether, Gen 8:8; Gen 18:21; Num 11:23 (all J), Exod 4:18 (E), Ps 14:2; Ps 53:3; Song 6:11b Esth 3:4, אִם whether Jer 30:6; Lam 1:12; Ps 139:24; Song 7:13, אֲשֶׁר that or how 1Sam 18:15, אֵי Eccl 2:3, שֶׁ that vEccl 2:13, שְׁ Eccl 3:18.
b. with accusative צָרַת נַפְשׁוֺ Gen 42:21 (i.e. saw it by out-ward signs), compare Hos 5:13. [Note, under 5 (rarely in other cases, and only Samuel Kings Jeremiah), Imperative + ידע Imperative: דַּע וּרְאֵה 1Sam 24:12; 2Sam 24:13; 1Kgs 20:22 דְּעִי וּרְאִי 1Sam 25:17; Jer 2:19 דְּעוּ וּרְאוּ 1Sam 12:17; 1Sam 14:38; 1Sam 23:22; 1Kgs 20:7; 2Kgs 5:7 in reverse order, רְאוּ וּדְעוּ 1Sam 23:23; Jer 5:1.]

6. look at, see, by direct volition:
a. subject men, with accusative of thing, Gen 9:22; Gen 9:23 (J), Gen 42:9; Gen 42:12 (E), Lev 13:3; Lev 13:15 +; with accusative of land = reconnoitre Josh 2:1 look at sun, etc., for worship Deut 4:19; Job 31:26 = inspect 1Kgs 9:12; Lev 14:36 (twice in verse); with accusative of person Num 24:20; Num 24:21 (JE), Exod 2:25; Lev 13:3; Lev 13:5 (all P), 1Sam 9:16 +, (1Sam 19:15 HPS proposes אֶלבֵּֿית for לִרְאוֺת); with preposition אַחֲרִי רֹאִי ׳ר Gen 16:13 (J) I have looked after one seeing me (interpretation see Di).
b. subject God, with accusative of thing Gen 9:16 (P); = inspect Gen 11:5 (J); look at with favour, accusative of person Job 37:24; Ps 138:6 so perhaps figurative, subject man, regard, with accusative אָוֶן Ps 66:18 (Hup-Now; Che Bae Dr and others intend); look with pleasure (accusative omitted, + מִן by reason of, as a fruit of) Isa 53:11 (si vera); insert accusative אוֺר ᵐ5 Houb Klo Du Che^Hpt Kit [perhaps], with Hiph`il יַרְאֶה ᵐ5 Du Che^Hpt, rescues from travail his soul, makes it see light).
c. without accusative, look, take a look, etc. (of man and God; often + וְהִנֵּה ), Gen 8:13; Gen 18:2; Exod 3:2; Lev 13:8; Lam 3:50 (מִן local), Gen 13:14 (מִן local + ה locative), Deut 3:27; Ezek 40:4; Ezek 44:5 (all בְּעֵינֶיךָ), + often; peculiarly, תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ מִמֶּנִּי Judg 7:17 (compare GFM).
d. look after, see after, learn about, with accusative of thing Gen 37:14 (J), with accusative of person = visit (go to see) 1Sam 15:35; 1Sam 20:29; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:6; 2Kgs 8:29 = 2Chr 22:6; 2Kgs 9:16, compare Ezek 20:28, עֵין רֹאִי Job 7:8 (Di Bu and others).
e. observe, watch, absolute, 1Sam 6:9; 1Sam 6:16; 1Sam 17:28; Eccl 8:16 (|| ידע). feminine look upon = endure to see, with accusative of thing Hab 1:13 (|| הִבִּיט).
g. look out, find out, accusative of person 2Kgs 9:2; Gen 41:33 (E), + ל person 1Sam 16:17 select, accusative of person + מִן from among 2Kgs 10:3, + ב among + ל person 1Sam 16:1 provide, furnish,, with accusative of thing Deut 33:21 (poem), + ל person Gen 22:8 (E), compare absolute יִרְאֶה ׳י as proper name, of a location = ׳י seeth vGen 22:14 a (E; ? read יֵרָאֶה, compare v^b, Niph`al and Di); רְאֻיוֺת Esth 2:9 looked out = suitable (as often Late Hebrew).
h. look at = concern oneself about, accusative of thing (+ בְּיָדוֺ) Gen 39:23 (J).

7. of mental observation:
a. Imperative see ! observe ! consider ! exclamation (nearly = הִנֵּה), followed by clause: Gen 27:27; Gen 31:50 see ! God is witness Gen 39:14; Gen 41:41; Exod 4:21; Deut 1:8 +; followed by independent noun 2Sam 24:22 (|| 1Chr 21:23 followed by clause).
b. look at, i.e. inquire into, a matter, accusative of thing omitted, of ׳י, 1Sam 24:16 (Gi v.1Sam 24:15).
c. give attention to, accusative of thing, Jer 2:31, absolute give attention ! 2Sam 13:28; 2Kgs 6:32; Exod 25:40; Ps 45:11 take heed to, accusative of thing, 1Kgs 12:16 = 2Chr 10:16 absolute take heed ! Exod 10:10, + פֶּן 2Kgs 10:23.
d. discern, חָכְמָה ׳לִבִּי ר Eccl 1:16, טוֺב ׳ר Eccl 3:13.
e. distinguish, with בֵּיןלְ֗֗֗ of person Mal 3:18. feminine consider, reflect, Eccl 7:14 (followed by clause oratio recta [direct speech]).

8. a. with ב, literally, look into, hence look at with interest (German 'sich vertiefen in'): (I) gaze at 1Sam 6:19 (on context see We Dr HPS), so as to become acquainted with Gen 34:1 (P); so as to find out Eccl 3:22 inspect liver (for omens) Ezek 21:26 some - what weakened = behold Job 3:9; 2Chr 7:3; Ps 64:9. (2) look at with kindness, of ׳י, בָּעֳנִי Gen 29:32; 1Sam 1:11 ( + infinitive absolute), 2Sam 16:12, בַּצַּר Ps 106:44. (3) upon a spectacle causing anger Exod 2:11 (E), grief Gen 21:16 (E), Gen 44:34; Num 11:15 (both J), 2Kgs 22:20 (subject עֵינָיִם) = 2Chr 34:28; Esth 8:6 (twice in verse), abhorrence Isa 66:24. (4) gaze at with apprehension Eccl 11:4. (5) with joy, pleasure, 2Kgs 10:16; Mic 7:9; Jer 29:32; Isa 52:8 (עַיִן בְּעַיִן, compare Niph`al Num 14:14), Job 20:17; Job 33:28; Ps 54:9; Ps 106:5; Ps 128:5; Song 3:11; Song 6:11 a Eccl 2:1. (6) especially with exultation, triumph = feast eyes upon, sometimes gloat over (fallen enemies), Judg 16:27; Mic 7:10; Ezek 28:17; Obad 1:12; Obad 1:13; Ps 22:18; Ps 112:8; Ps 118:7.
b. with אֶל person Isa 17:7 (subject עֵינַיִם; || שָׁעַה עַל); עַל person Exod 5:21 (J); עַלהָֿאָבְנָ֑יִם׳ר Exod 1:16 see [ אֹבֶן] and Comm., also Spiegelb^{ZA xiv (June 1900), 269 ff.}
c. with ל, לַלֵּבָב ׳לַעֵינַיִם וְיוה יִר ׳הָאָדָם יִר 1Sam 16:7, מִי יִרְאֶהלָּֿ֑מוֺ Ps 64:6. — Corrupt is וּרְאִיתַנִי כְתוֺר הָאָדָם 1Chr 17:17 (and || וְזֹאת תּוֺרַת הָאָדָם 2Sam 7:19), read וַתַּרְאֵנִי (with other changes) We Dr Kau Bu HPS Now; Ezek 12:12 read probably Niph`al ᵐ5 Hi Co Krae; Mic 6:9 read probably יִרְאָה compare Now GASm. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִרְאָה Gen 48:3 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵרָאֶה Gen 22:14 +, jussive יֵרָא Exod 34:3; Lev 9:6, וַיֵּרָא Gen 12:17 +; 1 singular וָאֵרָא Exod 6:3, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הֵרָאֵה 1Kgs 18:1 Infinitive construct לְהֵרָאוֺת 1Sam 17:17 +, לֵרָאוֺת Isa 1:12 + 2 t., הֵרָאֹה Judg 13:21; 1Sam 3:21, etc.; —

1. appear, especially
a. of ׳י (God): with אֶל person Gen 12:7 (twice in verse) + 6 t. J, Gen 35:1 (E), vGen 35:9; Gen 48:3; Exod 6:3 (בְּאֵל שַׁדַּי, ב essent.), Lev 9:4 (all P), 1Kgs 3:5; 1Kgs 9:2 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 7:12; 1Kgs 11:9 with ל person Jer 31:3; 2Chr 1:7; 2Chr 3:1 (insert ׳י ᵐ5 Kau Kit); absolute Gen 22:14 in the mountain where ׳י appeareth (probably, Di Sta^{G i. 450} Dr^{Hast. DB ii. 563}; E), Num 14:14 (J E; עַיִן בְּעַיִן, see Isa 52:8 Qal 8 a (5)), Lev 16:2 (P; ב location +עַל), 1Sam 3:21 (ב location), 2Sam 22:11 (עַלכַּֿנְפֵירֿוּחַ; < וַיֵּדֶא || Ps 18:11), + 5 t.; of ׳מַלְאַךְ י, with אֶל person Exod 3:2 (E), Judg 13:2l; of ׳כְּבוֺד י; with אֶל person Lev 9:6; Lev 9:23; Num 14:10 (ב location), Num 16:19; Num 20:6 (all P), Judg 6:12; Judg 13:3 עַל person Isa 60:2 absolute Exod 16:10 (ב location), Num 17:7 (both P).
b. appear, of man, = present oneself: with אֶל person Gen 46:29 (J), Judg 13:10; 1Kgs 18:1; 1Kgs 18:2; 1Kgs 18:15; Lev 13:7 (twice in verse); Lev 13:19, אֶל of God Ps 84:8 (ב location), אֶלפְּֿנֵי הָאָדֹן Exod 23:17 (E); absolute Isa 16:12 (strike out as dittograph Lo Du Che^Hpt Marti and others); especially (Masora) followed by (אֶתֿ)פְּנֵי of ׳י, rendered appear before ׳י: so וְנִרְאָה 1Sam 1:22, יֵרָאֶה Exod 34:23 (JE), Deut 16:10, וְאֵרָאֶה Ps 42:3, יֵרָאוּ Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 34:20 (JE), Deut 16:16, לֵרָאוֺת Exod 34:24 (JE), Deut 31:11; Isa 1:12 read probably in all Qal (see [ פָּנֶה] II.2).

c. appear, of things: late (Hexateuch only P), absolute Gen 1:9; Gen 8:5, with ב location Gen 9:14; Lev 13:14; Lev 13:57 elsewhere poet, Ps 18:16 = 2Sam 22:16; Ps 90:16; Prov 27:25 (of דֶּשֶׁא), Song 2:12 (ב location; of blossoms); subject מַרְאֵיהֶם Dan 1:15 ( +adjective predicate), vDan 1:13 (+ לְפָנֶיךָ); subject חָזוֺן, with אֶל person Dan 8:1 (twice in verse); subject כְּנֶגַע Lev 14:35 (with ל person).

2. be seen:
a. subject thing, 1Kgs 10:12 = 2Chr 9:11 (where כָּהֶם subject) Ezek 19:11, of sins Ezek 21:29 (|| הִגָּלוֺת), subject כָּזֹאת Judg 19:30, כְּאֶבֶן etc. Ezek 10:1.
b. subject person 2Sam 17:17 ( +לָבוֺא) be seen to come.
c. be seen = occur 2Kgs 23:24 (ב location); = exist, +ל person Exod 13:7 (twice in verse) (JE), Deut 16:4, compare Ezek 10:8 = be present, + ב location Judg 5:8; Exod 34:3 (JE).

3. be visible, Exod 33:23 (J E; subject ׳י's face), אֵין אֶבֶן נִרְאָה 1Kgs 6:18; 1Kgs 8:8 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 5:9 (twice in verse), Jer 13:26; Isa 47:3. Pu`al Perfect 3 plural עַצְמֹתָיו לֹא רֻוְּ Job 33:21 (Baer Gi; d. f. Ki Kö^{i. 41, 563, Mappik} Ges^{«GKC:14d»§ 14d}; van d. H. רֻאוּ), apparently his bones are not seen, detected; De which were (formerly) not seen; Di are insignificant ('un-scheinbar'), so Bae; probably corrupt, Bu נָאווּ, Du strike out as doublet. Hithpa`el reciprocal look at each other: Imperfect 2 masculine plural לָ֫מָּה תִּתְרָאוּ Gen 42:1 (E); techn. 3 masculine plural וַיִּתְרָאוּ פָנִים 2Kgs 14:11 = 2Chr 25:21 and they looked each other in the face, i.e. met in combat, so 1 pl, ׳נִתְרָאֶה פ 2Kgs 14:8 = 2Chr 25:17, compare (perhaps) 2Kgs 23:29, where Wkl Benz conjectures כְּהִתְרָאוֺת אִתּוֺ (or Niph`al כְּהֵרָאוֺת אִתּוֺ) for ᵑ0 כִּרְאֹתוֺ אֹתוֺ. Hiph`il₆₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular הֶרְאָה Gen 41:28 +, suffix הִרְאַנִי Amos 7:1 +, הֶרְאָ֑נִי Ezek 11:25, הֶרְאָנוּ Deut 5:21; Judg 13:23, הֶרְאֱךָ Deut 4:36 1 singular יְהַרְאֵיתִ֫י Nah 3:5 (Ges^{«GKC:53p»§ 53p}), suffix הֶרְאִיתִיךָ Deut 34:4, הִרְאִיתִים Isa 39:4 compare || 2Kgs 20:15, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַרְאֶה Isa 30:30, וַיַּרְא 2Kgs 11:4, suffix יַרְאֵנִי Num 23:3; Ps 59:11 1 singular suffix אַרְאֶךָּ Gen 12:1 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַרְאֵנִי Exod 33:18, etc.; Infinitive construct הַרְאוֺת Deut 3:24 +, suffix הַרְאוֺתְכָה Ezek 40:4 —

1. a. cause one to see something, shew: (I) subject man, with accusative of person + thing, Num 13:26b (JE), Judg 1:24; Judg 1:25; 2Kgs 20:13 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 20:15 = Isa 39:2 (twice in verse); Isa 39:4 + 4 t., accusative of thing omitted Ezek 40:4; Esth 4:8, accusative reflexive נַפְשׁוֺ +accusative of thing Eccl 2:24 מִי יַרְאֵנוּ טוֺב Ps 4:7, accusative of person omitted, = exhibit Esth 1:4 with 2 accusative of person Judg 4:22; 2Kgs 11:4. (2) especially subject ׳י (God), with accusative of person + thing, Gen 12:1; Exod 9:16 (both J), Gen 41:28; Gen 48:11 (both E), Exod 33:18; Deut 34:1b (both J E), Deut 3:24; Deut 4:36; Deut 5:21; Josh 5:6 (D), Exod 25:9 (P), Judg 13:23 + 5 t. + (of revelation to prophets) Num 23:3 (JE), Jer 38:21; Ezek 11:25, also, with accusative of thing of cognate meaning, Num 8:4 (P), accusative of thing omitted Deut 34:4 (JE), accusative of person omitted = exhibit, Isa 30:30 of visions, ׳י subject, with accusative of person +כֹּה Amos 7:1; Amos 7:4; Amos 7:7; Amos 8:1, +כַּאֲשֶׁר Exod 27:8 (P), with accusative of person only = cause to see [a vision] Jer 24:1 with 2 accusative of person + apposition 2Kgs 8:13, accusative of person + clause with כִּי v2Kgs 8:10. (3) subject angel, accusative of person + thing, of revelation to prophet Zech 2:3; Zech 3:1 accusative of person + clause with מָה Zech 1:9.
b. cause, to experience something, with accusative of person + thing, subject ׳י, Hab 1:3; Ps 60:5; Ps 71:20; Ps 85:8. Psalm

2. cause to look intently at, to behold, with accusative of person +ב of thing (compare Qal 8), subject ׳י:
a. cause to gaze at, with joy Ps 50:23; Ps 91:16.
b. in exultation, cause to feast one's eyes upon, fallen enemies Ps 59:11 (compare MI⁷)
c. in weakened sense, cause to behold Deut 1:33 (compare Dr). Psalms

Hoph`al 1. be caused to see, be shewn: Perfect 2 masculine singular הָרְאֵיתָ, subject man, accusative of thing, Exod 26:30 (P; ב location); so Participle מָרְאֶה Exod 25:40 (P; ב location); followed by infinitive אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי Deut 4:35.

2. be exhibited to, subject thing, accusative of person, Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְהָרְאָה אֶתהַֿכֹּהֵן Lev 13:49 (P).

BDB7661 H7200 H7207

רַאֲוָה Ezek 28:17 see √Qal Infinitive, and 8 a (6).

BDB9876 H7200

ר

ראה (√ of following; not Aramaic; Biblical Hebrew רָאָה see).

see, saw, seen, behold, looked, …

rāʾâ

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

(Qal)

to see

to appear, present oneself

to cause to see, show

to be caused to see, be shown

אוֹת ֑וֹ

אוֹת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

֑וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

וַ יִּקְחוּ֙

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִּקְחוּ֙

Root word took, take, taken, away, receive, …

Dictionary form: לָקַח · law-KA

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: him that they brought

took ×130 take ×108 and took ×72 and take ×34 and he took ×32 shall take ×25 and they took ×21 and thou shalt take ×19

More options

take — Most versatile; fits nearly any context.

receive — Prefer when subject is a passive recipient.

fetch — Use when retrieval or going-to-get is implied.

seize — Forceful or sudden acquisition; strong register.

acquire — Suits commercial or legal contexts (buying, marriage).

bring — When focus is on conveying something to a destination.

BDB4450 H3947

לָקַח verb take (Late Hebrew id., especially buy, and (Niph`al) be taken in marriage; MI^{17; 20} Imperfect ואקח; Phoenician לקח; Assyrian li‡û, la‡û Dl^{HWB 384}; Arabic conceive (of female), IV. impregnate; Ethiopic receive; Zinjirli לקח DHM^{Sendsch. 59}; Aramaic also Inscription of Carpentras³ (Imperative קחי); compare Cook^Gloss Aramaic Inscr); —

Qal Perfect ׳ל Gen 2:22 +, לָקָח֑ Gen 27:36 + (קָח Ezek 17:5 is textual error; omitted by ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Co, compare Ges^{«GKC:19»§ 19}, 3. a); suffix לְקָחַנִי Gen 24:7, לְקָחָם Jer 27:20 (for קָחָם Hos 11:3 read probably אֶקָּחֵם ᵐ5 ᵑ7 Ew St Sta^{§ 384, 4} Now Che Or We); 2 masculine singular לָקַחְתָּ Gen 20:3 +, etc.; Imperfect יִקַּח Exod 21:10 +, וַיִּקַּח (Num 16:1 read וַיָּקָם Bö We Di Dr^{2Sam 18:18}; 1Sam 30:20 read וַיִּקְחוּ We Dr Kit Bu); suffix יִקָּחֵנִי 2Sam 22:27 +; יִקָּחֲךָ Job 15:12 3 feminine singular תִּקַּח Gen 38:23 +; 1 singular אֶקַּח Gen 14:23 +, וָאֶקְחָה Zech 11:13 1 plural נִקַּח Gen 34:6 +, נִקְחָה 1Sam 4:3 +; וַנִּקַּח Deut 3:8; Deut 29:7 Imperative לְקַח Exod 29:1; Prov 20:16 + Ezek 37:16 (Co וְלָקַחְתָּ֫, after ᵐ5); feminine singular לִקְחִי 1Kgs 17:11 usually קַח Gen 6:21 +, קְחָה Gen 15:9, suffix 3 masculine singular, קָחֶנּוּ 1Sam 16:11 + 2 t.; suffix 3 feminine singular קָחֶנָּה Jer 36:14 suffix 3 masculine plural קָחֶםנָֿא Gen 48:9 (compare Kö^{i. 330} Ges^{«GKC:61»§ 61}, 2); feminine singular קְחִי Isa 23:16 +3 t.; masculine plural קְחוּ Gen 42:33 +, suffix 3 masculine singular קָחֻהוּ 1Kgs 20:33 Infinitive absolute לָקוֺחַ Jer 32:14 + 2 t., לָקֹחַ Deut 31:26 construct קַחַת Jer 5:3 +; קְחַתֿ 2Kgs 12:9 (Kö^{i. 318}); usually with preposition לָקַ֫חַת Gen 4:11 +, מִקַּ֫חַת 1Kgs 22:3 +, etc.; suffix קַחְתִּי Ezek 24:25, קַחְתֵּךְ Gen 30:15 +, etc.; Participle active לֹקֵחַ Gen 27:46 +, etc.; passive plural לְקֻחִים Prov 24:11 —

1. take, take in the hand, followed by accusative of thing, Exod 7:15 (J), Exod 17:5 (E), Num 25:7 (P), 2Kgs 4:29 (all with בְּיַד) 2Sam 18:14 (with בְּכַף), compare Gen 8:9 (J), Exod 4:17; Exod 12:22 (JE), Deut 15:17 + often; Gen 40:11 (E; of plucking grapes. 2Sam 4:6 read סֹקְלָהfor לֹקְחֵי, see חִטָּה, p. 334 above, and סקל). This easily passes into

2. take and carry along with oneself, כֶּסֶף קְחוּ בְיֶדְכֶם Gen 43:12 (J), Josh 9:11 (JE), 1Kgs 14:3; 2Kgs 5:5; 2Kgs 8:8; 2Kgs 8:9; 2Kgs 9:1 all Prov 7:20 (all with בְּיַד); Gen 43:15; Josh 9:4 (both J E), +.

3. a. take from, or out of, followed by active of thing or person, + מִן local: Gen 2:22 (rib from man), Gen 3:22 (man from ground; both J); Deut 19:12; 1Sam 17:49; 1Kgs 17:19 +; וַיִּקַּ ח אֶתהַֿחֶרֶב מֵעַל יֶרֶךְ יִמִינוֺ Judg 3:21 (i.e. drew it); with ב instrumental בְּמֶלְקָחַיִם מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ ׳ל Isa 6:6 followed by מִן partitive 2Sam 12:4.
b. take, carry away: Ezek 3:14 sprit lifited me up and carried me away; figurativeof passion carrying one away Job 15:12.
c. take away from, so as to deprive of, followed by accusative Gen 42:36 (E); followed by accusative+ מִן, Gen 44:29 (מֵעִם; J), 1Kgs 11:34; Ps 51:13 לֹקֵחַ אֶתֿ ׳י אֲדֹנֶיךָ מֵעַל ראֹשֶׁ֑ךָ 2Kgs 2:3 ׳י is about to take away thy lord from over thy head, so v2Kgs 2:5 compare absolute אֵינֶנּוּ אֹתוֺ אלהים ׳כִּילֿ Gen 5:24 (P); more often without מִן, Gen 27:36 (twice in verse); Gen 30:15 (twice in verse); Gen 31:1 (all J), Judg 11:13; Judg 11:15; Judg 15:6; Judg 18:24; 1Sam 12:3 (twice in verse); 2Sam 12:4; 1Kgs 11:34; Job 12:20 absolute Job 1:21 אֶתֶּןלְֿךָ מֶלֶךְ בְּאַפִּי וְאֶקַּח בְּעֶבְרָתִי Hos 13:11 of the sword, taking away its victims Ezek 33:4; Ezek 33:6 figurative of taking away understanding Hos 4:11.
d. especially take away life 1Kgs 19:10; 1Kgs 19:14; Ps 31:14; Prov 1:19; Jonah 4:3.

4. take to or for a person:
a. for oneself, followed by accusative + לְ, = appropriate to oneself Deut 7:25; Num 8:16 (P), Deut 22:7; 2Kgs 12:6 with לְ as dativus commodi [dative of benefit], Zech 11:7 אֶתשְֿׁנֵי יְלָדַי לוֺ לַעֲבָדִים ׳ל 2Kgs 4:1 to take my two sons for himself for slaves; so (without לְ reflexive), תִּקָּחֶנּוּ לְעֶבֶד עוֺלָם Job 40:28 wilt thou take him as slave for ever?
b. = procure, get, followed by accusative + לְ, קְחוּ לָכֶם תֶּבֶןExod 5:11 (J) get you straw; לֹקֵחַ לוֺ קָלוֺן Prov 9:7 getteth to himself shame; so often, especially קַח לְךָ, etc., Gen 6:21; Gen 12:19; Gen 16:21; Gen 45:19 +; without לְ, Neh 5:2 let us procure corn, and eat and live; of acquiring a field Prov 31:16.
c. take possession of, followed by accusative, of land Deut 29:7; Josh 11:16; Josh 11:23 (all D), 2Chr 16:5 compare פְּקֻדָּתוֺ יִקַּח אַחֵר Ps 109:8 his office let another take; figurative הַלַּיְלָה הַהוּא יִקָּחֵהוּ אֹפֶל Job 3:6 that night — let darkness take possession of it!
d. = select, choose, ׳י ׳וְאֶתְכֶם לDeut 4:20, compare vDeut 4:34 ( + לוֺ), 1Kgs 11:37 of men Deut 1:15; Josh 3:12 (J E; + לָכֶם); + מִן Deut 1:23; Josh 4:2 (JE).
e. especially take in marriage: (I) for another, especially a son, with לְ, וְלָקַחְתָּ֫ אִשָּׁה לִבְנִי, Gen 24:4 and thou shalt take a wifefor my son, so vGen 24:7 vGen 24:38 vGen 24:40 vGen 24:48 (all J), Gen 21:21 (E), Jer 29:6b; (2) more often for oneself, usually with לְ reflexive (sometimes + לְאִשָּׁה), Gen 4:19; Gen 6:2; Gen 11:29; Gen 12:19 (all J), + often; without לְ Gen 20:2; Gen 20:3 (E), etc. feminine = receive, accept, especially a bribe, gift, ransom, etc., 1Sam 8:3; 1Sam 12:4 (both followed by מִן), Amos 5:12; 2Kgs 5:15; 2Kgs 5:16; 2Kgs 5:20; 2Kgs 5:23; 2Kgs 5:26 (twice in verse); Ps 15:5 interest-money Ezek 18:13; Ezek 18:17; Ezek 22:12 inheritance Josh 13:8; Josh 18:7(both D), Num 34:14 (twice in verse); Num 34:15 (P); of earth, receiving Abel's blood Gen 4:11(J); chastisement Isa 40:2 of perceiving a sound, Job 4:11 mine ear received a whisper of it; receive mentally: וְלָקַח בְּעָלָיו Exod 22:10 (E) i.e. shall accept the oath as satisfactory; בָּרֵךְ לָקַחְתִּי Num 23:20 (JE), i.e. I have received (commandment by revelation) to bless; receive instruction Prov 24:32; Jer 2:30 +; entanglements of temptation Prov 22:25.
g. take, as preliminary to further action: Gen 31:34(E), she took them and put them; Judg 3:25 take key and open; Josh 2:4 she took the two men and hid them; 1Kgs 18:4 Obadiah took 100 prophets and hid them; 1Kgs 19:21 Elisha took the yoke of oxen and slew them, compare 2Sam 17:19; 2Sam 18:18 sometimes wholly redundant, קְחוּ וַעֲשׂוּ עֲגָלָה חֲדָשָׁה 1Sam 6:7 take and prepare a new cart, etc.; somewhat different is הַלֹּקְחִים לְשׁוֺנָם וַיִּנְאֲמוּ נְאֻם Jer 23:31, i.e. they take (= make use of) their own tongues, and talk oracles.

5. take up, upon =put upon, followed by ׃עַל וַתִּקַּת תָּמָר אֵפֶר עַלרֿאֹשָׁהּ 2Sam 13:19 and Tamar put ashes upon her head; וַיִּקָּחֶהָ עַלהַֿחֲמוֺר Judg 19:28 compare יִפְרשֹׁ כְּנָפָיו יִקָּחֵהוּ Deut 32:11 he spreadeth his wings, he taketh him up.

6. = fetch: קְחִינָֿא לִי מְעַטמַֿיִם 1Kgs 17:10 fetch me, pray, a little water, compare v1Kgs 17:11 v1Kgs 17:11, 2Kgs 2:20; 2Kgs 4:41 וְקַחלִֿי מִשָּׁם שְׁנֵי גְּדָיֵי עִוִּים Gen 27:9 and fetch me thence two kids, compare vGen 27:13 (J); + בְּיָדִי 1Sam 21:9 an offering Lev 12:8 (P; || הֵבִיא vLev 12:6); with human object often nearly = summon, לָקֹב אֹיְבַי לְקַחְתִּיךָ Num 33:11 (JE) to curse mine enemies did I summon thee, Judg 11:5; 1Sam 16:11 שְׁלַח וְקַח אֹתוֺ אֵלַי 1Sam 20:31 send and bring him unto me; 2Kgs 3:15; 2Kgs 6:13 +; of ׳י, summoning his people from exile, מִשָּׁם יְקָּחֶ֑ךָ Deut 30:4.

7. take=lead, conduct (with or without contact): וַיִּקַּח אֶתשְֿׁנֵי בָנָיו עִמּוֺ Gen 48:1 גַּם בְּקַרְכֶם קְחוּ Exod 12:32 (both E); וְאֶתעַֿמּוֺ לָקַח עִמּוֺ Exod 14:6 (J) and his people he took with him; compare vExod 14:7 (J), Josh 8:1 (JE), Judg 4:6 אֶקָּֽחֲךָ אֶלמָֿקוֺם אַחֵר Num 23:27 I will take thee unto another place, compare vNum 23:14 vNum 23:28 (all J E); ׳י subject, וָאֶקַּח אֶתאֲֿבִיכֶם Josh 24:3 (E) and I took your father Abraham from beyond the river; לַמָּוֶת הַצֵּל לְקֻחִים rescue those led to death.

8. take = capture, seize: לָקַחְתִּי בְחָזְקָה 1Sam 2:16 I will take by force, that is, flesh; of spoils, ׳בֶּצַע כֶּסֶף לֹא ל Judg 5:19 gain of silver they took not; of capture of ark 1Sam 5:1 bronze 2Sam 8:3, etc.; territory Gen 48:22 (E), Deut 3:14 cities Num 21:25 (JE),.Deut 3:14; Josh 11:19 (D), 1Sam 7:14; 2Sam 8:1 of capture of hippopotamus Job 40:24 of seductions of woman, וְאַלתִּֿקָּֽחֲךָ בְּעַפְעַפֶּיהָ Prov 6:25 and let her not capture thee with her eyelids.

9. take = carry off:
a. as booty Gen 14:11; 1Sam 27:9; 1Sam 30:16; 1Sam 30:18; 1Sam 30:19; 1Sam 30:20; 1Kgs 14:26 (twice in verse).
b. as prisoners Gen 14:12; 2Kgs 18:32 = Isa 36:17; 2Kgs 23:34 = 2Chr 36:4.

10. inphrase take vengeance: וְנִקְחָה נִקְמָתֵנוּ מִמֶּנּוּ Jer 20:10 and we will take our vengeance upon him; absolute נָקָם אֶקַּח Isa 47:3 vengeance will I take.Niph`al Perfect נִלְקַח 1Sam 4:22 נִלְקָ֑ח 1Sam 4:11; Ezek 33:6 3 feminine singular נִלְקָ֑חָה 1Sam 4:17 Imperfect 3 feminine singular וַתִּלָּקַח Esth 2:8; Esth 2:16 1 singular אֶלָּקַח 2Kgs 2:9 Infinitive construct הִלָּקַח 1Sam 4:19; 1Sam 4:21, suffix הִלָּֽקְחוֺ 1Sam 21:7 —

1. be captured, of ark 1Sam 4:11; 1Sam 4:17; 1Sam 4:19; 1Sam 4:21; 1Sam 4:22.

2. be taken away, removed, of shewbread 1Sam 21:7 of removal by death Ezek 33:6 of translation of Elijah 2Kgs 2:9 (with מֵעִם person)

3. be taken, brought unto (אֶלֿ), only Esth 2:8; Esth 2:16. Pu`al Perfect לֻקַּח Gen 3:23 +, 3 feminine singular לְֻקָֿחָהֿ Gen 2:23, 2 masculine singular לֻקָּ֑חְתָּ Gen 3:19, etc.; —

1. be taken from, out of ( מִן of source) Gen 2:23; Gen 3:19; Gen 3:23 (all J); compare וְלֻקַּח מֵהֶם קְלָלָה Jer 29:22 and there shall be taken from them ( derived from their case) a curse-formula.

2. = be stolen from, Judg 17:2 ( ל person)

3. be taken captive, Jer 48:46, compare Isa 52:5.

4. be taken away, removed ( = Niph`al 2 ), of Elijah's translation 2Kgs 2:10 (with מֵאֵת person), of death Isa 53:8 (with מִן, probably instrumental) Hoph`al Imperfect יֻקַּח Gen 18:4 +, etc.; —

1. be taken, brought unto Gen 12:15 (J; followed by בֵּית to the house of), Gen 18:4 (absolute)

2. be taken out of Job 28:2 (מִן of source ), from, of Ezek 15:3 (מִן partitive)

3. be taken away from Isa 49:24 (מִן person); absolute vIsa 49:25. Hithpa`el Participle feminine singular אֵשׁ מִתְלַקַּ֫חַת literally fire taking hold of itself, of lightning Exod 9:24 (JE), Ezek 1:4, exact significance dubious; in close succession, incessant Di Sm, infolding itself, i.e. a mass of fire, Thes Rob-Ges A VB SS, > of quivering flashes Buhl, of forked or zigzag lightning Da.

took, take, taken, away, receive, …

lāqaḥ

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

to take, get, fetch, lay hold of, seize, receive, acquire, buy, bring, marry, take a wife, snatch, take away

(Qal)

to take, take in the hand

to be captured

to be taken from or out of

to be taken unto, be brought unto

to take hold of oneself

שְׁלֹשִׁ֣ים

Root word thirty, thirtieth, captains

Dictionary form: שְׁלוֹשִׁים · sheh-loh-SHEEM

Adjective — Cardinal Number, both plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"; a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: thirty

and thirty ×54 thirty ×49 and thirtieth ×8 from thirty ×7 the thirty ×7 was thirty ×7 of thirty ×5 were thirty ×5

More options

thirty — Standard cardinal number; fits most contexts.

thirtieth — Use as ordinal for dates or sequences.

thirty-strong — For elite military units of thirty warriors.

a group of thirty — Clarifies collective sense in narrative contexts.

BDB8766 H7970

שְׁלשִׁים (very seldom שְׁלשִׁפ, שְׁלוֺשִׁים):174 noun indeclinable thirty; —

1. before singular noun: אַמָּה Gen 6:15 + 3 t., +, with בָּאַמָּה Exod 26:8 +3 t.; שָׁנָה 2Sam 5:4 + 12 t. (age of paternity, of Levitical or royal duty, etc.), אִישׁ Judg 14:19 + 3 t., etc.; before plural noun בָּנִים Judg 10:4; Judg 12:9, אֲנְשִׁים Jer 38:10 (read here probably שְׁלשָׁהּ Ew Hi Gf and others), less common words Ezek 40:17; Ezra 1:9; Ezra 1:10, etc.; after plural noun Gen 32:16, פְּעָמִים ׳שׁ Ezek 41:6 אֶלֶף ׳שׁ 1Chr 23:3 +, אֲלָפִים ׳שׁ Ezra 2:35; Neh 7:38 ׳שׁ following units Gen 11:12 + 14 t., precedes 1Kgs 22:42 + 29 t.; ׳שׁ following 100 (1000, etc.) Gen 5:5 + 15 t., precedes Gen 5:3 + 21 t.

2. as ordinal ׳וְאַחַת שָׁנְה לְ שָׁנָה לְ (בִּ) שְׁנַת שׁ 1Kgs 16:23, compare v1Kgs 16:29 + 4 t.; שָׁנְה omitted Neh 5:14 + 4 t.; שְׁנַת omitted 2Kgs 25:27 = Jer 52:31 שָׁנָךְ ׳בִּשׁ alone Ezek 1:1. — 1Sam 13:5 read שְׁלשֶׁת ᵐ5^L We Dr and others; 2Sam 23:13 read שְׁלשָׁה Qr Vrss Th and modern; 1Chr 11:11 read הַשְּׁלשֶׁת, הַשְּׁלשָׁה ᵐ5^L Kit Benz and others (so || 2Sam 23:8 for הַשָּׁלִשִׁי).

thirty, thirtieth, captains

šĕlôšîm

thirty; or (ordinal) thirtieth

thirty, thirtieth

מֵֽרֵעִ֔ים

Root word companion, friends, companions

Dictionary form: מֵרֵעַ · may-RAY-ah

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: companions

companions ×1 do his friends ×1 given to his companion ×1 her to his companion ×1 her to thy companion ×1 his friends ×1 one of his friends ×1

More options

friend — Most natural default; warm personal relationship.

companion — Slightly more formal; emphasizes shared company or loyalty.

close friend — Highlights intimacy; good when context stresses depth of bond.

associate — More neutral register; useful in social or political contexts.

comrade — Stresses solidarity or shared experience; slightly elevated tone.

confidant — Use when the relationship involves trust or shared secrets.

BDB8011 H4828

[מֵרֵעַ] noun masculine friend, companion (strange formation; origin dubious; Wetzst^{Syr. Dreschtafel, Z. Ethnol. 1873, 289} compare miryâ, name of bell-wether among Syrian nomads (properly [inseparable] companion), and derived from ריע ֗֗֗ , properly closely joined; compare Gerber^{97, 162}); — suffix מֵרֵעֵ֫הוּ Gen 26:26 +, מְרֵעֵ֫הוּ Prov 19:7 מֵרֵעֶ֑ךָ Judg 15:2 plural מַרֵעִים Judg 14:11 — companion, confidential friend, Gen 26:26 (J; compare רֵעֶה); of bridegroom's escort Gen 14:11, 'best man' (GFM) vGen 14:20; Gen 15:2; Gen 15:6 more generally friends (|| אחים) 2Sam 3:8; Prov 19:7; Prov 12:26 is dubious, Död Hi De and others מִרְעֵהוּ; Toy conjectures possibly (יָסֻר) מֵרָעָה, see further תור.

companion, friends, companions

mērēaʿ

a friend

companion, friend, confidential friend

וַ יִּֽהְי֖וּ

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִּֽהְי֖וּ

Root word be, pass, was, were, came, …

Dictionary form: הָיָה · haw-YAW

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: to be