Judges 14:5

וַ יֵּ֧רֶד

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יֵּ֧רֶד

Root word down, descended, descend, went, come, …

Dictionary form: יָרַד · yaw-RAHD

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: then went

came down ×23 went down ×23 come down ×17 go down ×17 them that go down ×10 and went down ×9 shall come down ×9 to go down ×6

More options

go down — Most neutral, general-purpose rendering for movement downward.

descend — Slightly formal; good for elevated or ceremonial contexts.

come down — Preferred when motion is toward the speaker or reader.

drop down — Useful for rapid or sudden downward movement.

sink — Best when subject gradually lowers, e.g. into water or despair.

go down to — Idiomatic for traveling to a lower-elevation destination, e.g. Egypt.

BDB3717 H3381

יָרַד₃₈₀ verb come or go down, descend (Late Hebrew id.; MI³² וארד and רד; Assyrian arâdu, Dl^{HWB 240}; Arabic come to, arrive at, also descend; Ethiopic descend; Sabean ורד and הורד id., DHM in MV) —

Qal₃₀₆ Perfect יָרַד Exod 19:18 +; יְרַד Judg 5:13 (twice in verse) (but read יָרַד or יֵרֵד); רַד Judg 19:11 (read יָרַד), etc.; Imperfect יֵרֵד Gen 42:38 +; וַיֵּ֫רֶד Gen 11:5 +; וַיֵּרַ֑ד 2Sam 22:10 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular תֵּ֫רֶד (אֵשׁׅ 2Kgs 1:10; 2Kgs 1:12 תּרַד Jer 13:17; Lam 3:48 תֵּדֵֿ֔ Isa 34:5; Isa 63:14 תֵּרֵ֑ד Ezek 26:11 (יוֺרִיד Vrss Co); וַתֵּ֫רֶד Gen 24:16 + 7 t.; 2 masculine singular תֵּרֵד Gen 26:2 + 5 t. + 1Sam 20:19, where read תִּפָּקֵד We Dr., compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7; 1 singular אֵרֵד Gen 37:35 + 3 t.; וָאֵרֵד Exod 3:8 + 3 t.; cohortative אֵרְדָהנָֿא Gen 18:21 יֵרְדוּ 1Sam 13:12 + 4 t.; וַיֵּרְדוּ Gen 42:3 + 19 t.; 3 feminine plural תֵּרַדְנָה Jer 14:17 + 2 t.; 1 plural נֵרֵד Gen 43:5 cohortative נֵרְדָה Gen 11:7 + 2 t.; וַנֵּ֫רֶד 2Kgs 10:13 Imperative רֵד Exod 19:21 +; רְדָה Gen 45:9; Ezek 32:19 רֵ֑דָה 2Kgs 1:9; 2Kgs 1:11 feminine singular רְדִי Jer 48:18; Isa 47:1 masculine plural רְדוּ Gen 42:2 + 5 t.; Infinitive absolute יָרֹד Gen 43:20 construct רֶ֫דֶת Gen 44:26 +; (מֵ)רְדָה Gen 46:3 (see Kö^{i. 402}); suffix רִדְתִּי Ps 30:10, etc. (in Ps 30:4 read Kt מִיּוֺרְדֵי, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Che Bae, see Ol^{§§ 160 b, 245d}); Participle יוֺרֵד Judg 9:36 +; feminine singular יֹרְדָה Lam 1:16 (הַ)יֹּרֶ֫דֶת Eccl 3:21; 1Sam 25:30, etc.; —

1. a. come or go down: from (מִן) a mountain Exod 19:14; Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15 (all E), Exod 34:29 (twice in verse) (JE), Deut 9:15; Deut 10:5; Num 20:28 (P) +; absolute Exod 19:21; Exod 19:24 (J), vExod 19:25 (J; with אֶל person); from the air, of birds, followed by עַל Gen 15:11 (JE).
b. go down (usually from mountain or hill-country into plain), to battle, absolute Judg 5:14 followed by לָעֵמֶק Judg 1:34 followed by לַשְּׁעָרִים Judg 5:11 followed by אֶל vJudg 5:10 vJudg 5:11, compare 1Sam 17:8 (followed by אֶל person); followed by לִקְרַאת Judg 7:24 followed by אַחֲרֵי person 1Sam 14:36 followed by ב location Judg 7:9 בַּמִּלְחָמָה יֵרֵד וְנִסְפָּה 1Sam 26:10, compare 1Sam 29:4; 1Sam 30:24 of single combat, וַיַּרֶד אֵלָיו בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט 2Sam 23:21 = 1Chr 11:23.
c. go down to (accusative) threshing-floor, Ruth 3:3; Ruth 3:5 (from David's palace) to Uriah's house (אֶל) 2Sam 11:9; 2Sam 11:10 (twice in verse); 2Sam 11:13 from temple to (accusative) king's house Jer 36:12 (+ עַללִֿשְׁכַּת הַסֹּפֵר); רֵד בֵּיתמֶֿלֶךְ יְהוּדָח Jer 22:1, etc.
d. go down (absolute) from Palestine to Egypt Gen 42:3 (E), vGen 42:38 (J) + 6 t. J E; followed by אֵלַי Gen 45:9 (E); followed by מִעְרַ֫יְמָה Gen 46:3; Gen 46:4 (E), Gen 12:10; Gen 26:2 (both J), Num 20:15 (JE); followed by מִצְרֵיִם Josh 24:4 (E), Gen 43:15 (J), Isa 30:2; Isa 31:1; Isa 52:4 followed by שָׁמָּה Gen 42:2 (E) ; so to Philistine cities Judg 14:19; Judg 16:31; 1Sam 13:20; Amos 6:2.
e. from Jerusalem, absolute Judg 1:9; 1Kgs 1:25; Neh 6:3; 2Chr 20:16 (to battle); to Jezreel 2Kgs 8:21 = 2Kgs 9:26 = 2Chr 22:6 to Samaria 1Kgs 22:2 = 2Chr 18:2 (to Gihon) 1Sam 1:38, etc. feminine from altar ירד מֵעֲשׂוֺת הַחַטָּאת Lev 9:22 (P); from chariot, with מֵעַל Judg 4:15 from ass, with מֵעַל 1Sam 25:23 from throne, with מֵעַל Ezek 26:16, absolute Isa 47:1, compare רְדִי מִכָּבוֺד Jer 48:18 from ships, with מִן Ezek 27:29 from bed, with מִן 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 1:16 (all opposed to עלה).
g. go down הָעַ֫יְנָה Gen 24:16; Gen 24:45 (J); followed by לִרְחֹץ עַל הַיְאֹר Exod 2:5 (E), compare (absolute) 2Kgs 5:14 followed by accusative הַסֶּלַע 1Sam 23:25 יוֺרְדֵי הַיָּם Isa 42:10 יוֺרְדֵי הַיָּם בָּאֳנִיּוֺת Ps 107:23 absolute (into pit or well) 2Sam 23:30 = 1Chr 11:22, followed by שָׁם (i.e. בְּאֵר) 2Sam 17:18. וְיָרַדְתִּי֯ Judg 11:37, read וְרַדְתִּי (√ רוד, wander about), RS in Bla.
h. = sink, in water יָָֽרְדוּ בִמְצוֺלוֺת כְּמוֺאָֿ֑בֶן Exod 15:5 (song in E); לְקִצְבֵי הָרַים יָרַדְתִּי Jonah 2:7 more generally, opposed to rising, יַעֲלוּ הָרִים יֵָֽרְדוּ בְקָעוֺת Ps 104:8 mountains rise, valleys sink; יַעֲלוּ שָׁמַיִם יֵרְדוּ תְהוֺמוֺת Ps 107:26.
i. go down to She'ôl: followed by שְׁא֫וֺלָה Gen 37:35 (J; + אֶלבְּֿנִי), Num 16:30; Num 16:33 (JE), Ezek 31:15; Ezek 31:17 followed by שְׁאוֺל Ezek 32:27; Ps 55:16; Job 7:6 (opposed to עלה); בַּדֵּי שְׁאֹל תֵּרַדְנָה Job 17:16 absolute Isa 5:14; Ezek 32:19 (|| הָשְׁכְּבָה), vEzek 32:21 vEzek 32:30, Ps 49:15 (followed by אַחֲרָיו); יָָֽרְדוּ עֲרֵלִים Ezek 32:24 followed by שַׁחַת Job 33:24, אֶלשַֿׁחַת Ps 30:10 followed by בּוֺר Ps 30:4 Qr (Kt יורדי); יוֺרְדֵי אֶלאַֿבְנֵיבֿוֺר Isa 14:19 ; יוֺרְדֵי בוֺר Ps 28:1; Ezek 26:20 (twice in verse) (|| אֶרֶץ תַּחְתִיּוֺת) + 11 t. (see בּוֺר); יוֺרְדֵי עָפָר Ps 22:30 יוֺרְדֵי דוּמָה Ps 115:17 (|| הַמֵּתִים); רַגְלֶיהָ יֹרְדֹת מָ֑וֶת Prov 5:5, compare Prov 7:27 (|| דַּרְכֵי שְׁאוֺל); note also מִי יוֺדֵעַר֗֗֗וּךְַ הַבְּהֵמָה הַיּרֶדֶת הִיא לְמִטָּה לָאָרֶץ Eccl 3:21 (opposed to הָעֹלָה הִיא לְמָ֑עְלָה; read חֲיֹרדת, הַעֹלָה, with Vrss, see VB).
j. figurative יֹרֵד בַּבֶּ֑כִי Isa 15:3 going down (dissolving) in tears (|| יְיֵלֵיל; compare 3 c).
k. = be prostrated, absolute, of horses and riders Hag 2:22, compare Isa 34:7, perhaps also Jer 48:15; Jer 50:27 (+ לַטָּ֑בַח); forest Isa 32:19; Zech 11:2 city Deut 20:20; Lam 1:9 wall Deut 28:52 nation תֵּרֵד מַ֫טָּה מָ֑טָּה Deut 28:43 (opposed to עלה); מַצֵּבוֺת Ezek 26:11 + לָאָרֶץ (where Co ויחרדו).

2. of divine manifestations: descend, of ׳י in theoph. [על ההר֑]יָרַד עָלָיו בָּאֵשׁ ׳י Exod 19:11; Exod 19:18 (E), vExod 19:20 (J; אֶלרֿאֹשׁ הָהָר), compare Neh 9:13 צְבָאוֺת לִצְבּאֹ עַלהַֿרצִֿיּוֺן ׳יֵרֵד י Isa 31:4 absolute Gen 11:5; Gen 11:7; Gen 18:21; Exod 3:8 (all J), Num 11:17 (JE), 2Sam 22:10 = Ps 18:10 (compare Ps 144:5), Mic 1:3; Isa 63:19; Isa 64:2 וַיֵּרֶד בֶּעָנָן ׳י Exod 34:5; Num 11:25, compare Num 12:5 (all J E); of pillar of cloud Exod 33:9 (JE); מִי עָלָהשָֿׁמַיִם וַיֵּרַ֓ד Prov 30:4 of angels on סֻלָּם; עֹלִים וְיֹרְדִים בּוֺ Gen 28:12 (E).

3. of inanimate things:
a. hail with עַל person Exod 9:19 (J); dew with עַל location Num 11:9 (JE), Ps 133:3 rain (as אָבָק and עָפָר), followed by מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם + על person Deut 28:24, so in simile of future king יֵרֵד כְּמָטָר עַלגֵּֿז Ps 72:6 of גְּשֶׁם and שֶׁלֶג, with מִן הַשָּׁמַיִם Isa 55:10 manna (with עַל location) Num 11:9 (JE); fire from (מִן) heaven 2Kgs 1:10 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 1:12 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 1:14; 2Chr 7:1, absolute 2Chr 7:3.
b. waters, flowing down הַנַּחַל הַיֹּרֵד מִןהָֿהָר Deut 9:21, compare Josh 3:13 (followed by מִלְמָ֑עָלָה), vJosh 3:16 followed by עַליַֿם הָעֲרָבָה vJosh 3:16 עַלהָֿעֲרָבָה Ezek 47:8 followed by מִן Ezek 47:1.
c. tears, פַּלְגֵימַֿיִם יָָֽרְדוּ עֵינָ֑י Ps 119:36, and so Lam 3:48 also עֵינִי יֹרְדָה מַיִם Lam 1:16, and so Jer 9:17; Jer 13:17; Jer 14:17 (compare also Isa 15:3, 1 j).
d. of oil descending upon (על) beard, etc. Ps 133:2 (twice in verse).
e. of shadow on dial 2Kgs 20:11 = Isa 38:8 (twice in verse). feminine of boundary going down (from or to a place) Josh 16:3 (JE), elsewhere P, Num 34:11 (twice in verse); Num 34:12; Josh 15:10; Josh 16:7; Josh 17:9; Josh 18:13; Josh 18:16.
g. come down, absolute of headdresses, in sign of humiliation Jer 13:18.
h. pride of power Ezek 30:6.
i. of calamity ׳מֵאֵת י Mic 1:12 עַלדְֿקְדוֺ חֲמָסוֺ יֵרֵד Ps 7:17 of sword descending on (על) Edom Isa 34:5.
j. figurative of words of talebearer; יָרְדוּ חַדְרֵיבָּֿ֑טֶן Prov 18:8 = Prov 26:22. — See also above 1 k.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הוֺרִד 2Kgs 16:17 וְהוֺרִיד consecutive Amos 3:11 (We וְהוּרַד); 2 masculine singular וְהוֺרַדְתָּ֫ 1Kgs 2:9 2 feminine singular suffix הוֺרַדְתֵּנִי Josh 2:18 (see Baer^n. and Kö^{i. 412}); הוֺרִידוּ 1Sam 6:15; Lam 2:10 etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיּוֺרֶד Judg 7:5 + 5 t. (+ 1Kgs 6:32 Klo, who reads וַיֹּרֶד for וַיָּרֶד, see רדד); suffix יוֺרִידֵנִי Obad 1:3 יוֺרִדֵהוּ 1Sam 30:16; 1Kgs 17:23 וַיֹּרִדֵם 1Kgs 18:40 2 masculine singular וְלֹא תּוֺרֵד 1Kgs 2:6 suffix (הֲ)תוֺרִדֵנִי 1Sam 30:15, תּוֺרִדֵם Ps 55:24 etc.; Imperative masculine singular הִוֺרֵד Exod 33:5 + 2 t.; suffix הוֺרִדֵהוּ Ezek 32:18 הוֺרִידֵמוֺ Ps 59:12 feminine singular הוֺרִידִי Lam 2:18 masculine plural הוֺרִידוּ Gen 43:7; Gen 43:11 suffix הוֺרִדֻהוּ Gen 44:21 Infinitive construct לְהוֺרִיד Gen 37:25 suffix הוֺרִדִי Ezek 31:16 Participle מוֺרִיד 1Sam 2:6 מֹרִיד 2Sam 22:48 — cause to come or go down:

1. a. bring down (to Egypt), with accusative of person + שָׁ֫מָּה Gen 39:1 (J); + הֵ֫נָּה Gen 45:13 (E); + אֵלַי Gen 44:21 absolute Gen 43:7 with accusative of thing Gen 43:11 + מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Gen 37:25 absolute Gen 43:22 (all J); from Canaan to desert Deut 1:25 (followed by אֵלֵינוּ); to (אֶל) Amalekites 1Sam 30:15 (twice in verse); absolute v1Sam 30:16 bring down (object person or thing) אָלהַֿמַּיִם Judg 7:4; Judg 7:5 אֶלנַֿ֫חַל Deut 21:4; 1Kgs 18:40 יָ֫מָּה 1Kgs 5:23 to Gaza (עַזָּ֫תָה) Judg 16:21 from Jerusalem to Gihon, with עַל (Qr אֶל) 1Kgs 1:33 to valley of Jehosh. (אֶל) Joel 1Kgs 4:2 from (מִן) temple (to king's house) 2Kgs 11:19 = 2Chr 23:20 from (מֵעַל) altar 1Kgs 1:53 from (מִן) upper chamber, followed by הַבַּ֫יְתָה 1Kgs 17:23 from (מִן) the heavens Amos 9:2 Edom, from (מִן) nest in rocks Jer 49:16; Obad 1:4 compare of Israel כְּעוֺף הַשָּׁמַיִם Hos 7:12 with accusative of limit (אֶרֶץ) Obad 1:3 bring down (from Babylon) into (בְּ) ships Isa 43:14 (see VB).
b. send down rain (הַגֶּשֶׁם) Ezek 34:26, compare Joel 2:23 = cause to flow down, object spittle, וַיּוֺרֶד רִירוֺ אֶלזְֿקָנוֺ 1Sam 21:14 tears הוֺרִידִי כַנַּחל דִּמְעָה Lam 2:18 water-streams וַיּוֺרֶד כַּנְּהָרוֺת מָ֑יִם Ps 78:16.
c. = lay prostrate, prostrate הוֺרִיד מִמֵךְ עֻזֵּךְ Amos 3:11 (where however We reads וְהוּרַד), compare Prov 21:22 וְאוֺרִיד כַּאבִּיר יוֺשְׁבִים Isa 10:13 of God's casting down peoples Ps 56:8; Isa 63:6 (followed by לָאָרֶץ); מוֺרִיד עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּנוּ 2Sam 22:48 (וַּיַּדְבֵּר in || Ps 18:48); so perhaps Babylonians, like lambs, לִטְבֿוֺחַ Jer 51:40 so Ps 59:12 (si vera lectio; ᵑ6 וַהֲנִידֵמוֺ make them vagabonds, see Lag^{Proph. Chald. (1872), xlviii.} VB Hup Now Che Bae Dr^{2Sam 15:20}).
d. bring down to She'ôl מֵמִית וּמְחַיֶּ֑ה מוֺרִיד שְׁאוֺל וַיָּ֑עַל׃ ׳י 1Sam 2:6 followed by שְׁא(וֺ)ל also 1Kgs 2:6; 1Kgs 2:9 followed by שְׁא֫וֺלָה (object grey hair) Gen 42:38; Gen 44:29; Gen 44:31 (all J); compare Ezek 26:30; Ezek 31:16; Ezek 32:18 followed by לִבְאֵר שַׁחַת Ps 55:24 לַשַּׁחַת Ezek 28:8.

2. take down (from cart) 1Sam 6:15 the sea from upon (מֵעַל) the brazen oxen 2Kgs 16:17 corpse from (מִן) tree Josh 8:29, and (מֵעַל) Josh 10:27 (both J E); the מִשְׁכָּן Num 1:51 (P); the פָּרֹכֶת Num 4:5 (P); take off ornaments מֵעָלֶיךָ Exod 33:5 (JE).

3. let down וַתֹּ֫רֶד כַּדָּהּ עַליָֿדָהּ Gen 24:18, so, with מֵעָלֶיהָ vGen 24:46, to give one a drink; וַיּוֺרִדוּ אִישׁ אֶתאַֿמְתַּחְתוֺ אָ֑רְצָה Gen 44:11 (all J); object person Josh 2:18, בַּחֶבֶל בְּעַד הַחַלּוֺן vJosh 2:15 (both J E); בְּעַד הַחַלּוֺן 1Sam 19:12 compare also הוֺרִידוּ לָאָרֶץ ראֹשָׁן בְּתוּלֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַם Lam 2:10 the virgins of Jerusalem have bowed down their heads to the ground.

Hoph`al Perfect הוּרַד Gen 39:1 + 2 t. + 1Sam 30:34 Kt (Qr Qal Participle); וְהוּרַד consecutive Zech 10:11 2 masculine singular וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ Ezek 31:18 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תּוּרַד Isa 14:15 —

1. be brought down מִצְרַ֫יְמָה Gen 39:1 (J); בַּמִּלְחָמָה 1Sam 30:24 Kt (see above); to She'ôl הוּרַד שְׁאוֺל גְּאוֺנֶ֖ךָ Isa 14:11 (of king of Babylon); אֶלשְֿׁאוֺל תּוּרַד אֶליַֿרְכְּתֵיבֿוֺר vIsa 14:15 וְהוּרַדְתָּ֫ אֶלאֶֿרֶץ תַּחְתִּית Ezek 31:18 וְהוּרַד גְּאוֺן אַשּׁוּר Zech 10:11. — In Amos 3:11 We reads וְהוּרַד ממך (see Hiph`il above)

2. be taken down, of the מִשְׁכָּן Num 10:17 (P).

down, descended, descend, went, come, …

yārad

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); causatively, to bring down (in all the above applications)

to go down, descend, decline, march down, sink down

(Qal)

to go or come down

to bring down

to be brought down

שִׁמְשׁ֛וֹן

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Samson")

Dictionary form: שִׁמְשׁוֹן · shim-SHONE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: samson

and samson ×15 samson ×10 thee samson ×4 for samson ×2 and samsons ×1 but samsons ×1 samson well ×1 that samson ×1

More options

Samson — Standard English rendering of this proper name.

Shimshon — Transliteration; use when preserving Hebrew form is preferred.

Samson's — Possessive form for contexts indicating belonging or association.

BDB8875 H8123

שִׁמְשׁוֺן₃₈ proper name, masculine Samson (Assyrian proper name Šamšânu, Hilpr^{Murâshu 27. 70}; on שמש in Arabic proper name, of a tribe compare Nö^{ZMG x1 (1886), 166}); — Σαμψων: Judg 13:24; Judg 14:1; Judg 14:3 + 35 t. Judg 14; Judg 15; Judg 16.

samson, samsons

šimšôn

like the sun

Shimshon, an Israelite

a Danite, son of Manoah, a Nazarite for life, and a judge of Israel for 20 years

וְ אָבִ֥י ו

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אָבִ֥י

Root word fathers, father, chief, families, patrimony, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: אָב · awb

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: down and his father

his father ×133 of their fathers ×94 his fathers ×86 my father ×80 thy father ×51 of the fathers ×44 the father ×41 their fathers ×30

More options

father — Default choice; direct, natural, widely understood.

ancestor — Prefer when referring to distant forebears or lineage.

forefather — Slightly more formal; good for ancestral or covenantal contexts.

patriarch — Use for tribal or clan heads with religious authority.

family head — Highlights household-leader role in social/legal contexts.

founder — Suits contexts emphasizing originating or establishing a line.

BDB17 H1

אָב₁₁₉₁ noun masculine father (Phoenician אב, Assyrian abu, Arabic , Sabean אב CIS^{iv, 1, 37 1. 2} and others, Ethiopic Aramaic אַבָּא, — absolute אָב Gen 44:19 + 47 t.; construct אַב Gen 17:4; Gen 17:5 (compare in אַבְרָהָם ib. & elsewhere in proper names. On Hal's proposed אֲבִר see אברהם); אֲבִי (compare Ge^{§§ 90, 3b, 96}) Gen 4:20 +; suffix אָבִי Gen 19:34 + (MI אבי); אָבִיךָ Gen 12:1 +; אָבִיו Gen 2:24 +; אָבִ֫יהוּ Judg 14:10 + 6t.; plural אָבוֺת Exod 12:3 +; construct אֲבוֺת Exod 6:25 + 7 t.; suffix אֲבוֺתַי (אֲבֹתַי, אֲבוֺתָ֑י) Gen 47:9 + 15 t.; אֲבוֺתֵיהֶם 1Chr 4:38 + 32 t. (late); אֲבוֺתָם Exod 4:5 + 106 t. etc.; —

1. father of individual Gen 2:24 (+ אֵם) Gen 11:28; Gen 11:29 (twice in verse); Gen 19:31; Gen 19:32; Gen 19:33, + often (mostly J E D); of father as commanding Gen 50:16 (J) Jer 35:6 f Prov 6:20 (compare Gen 18:19 J Gen 28:1; Gen 28:6 P 1Sam 17:20; 1Kgs 2:1); instructing מוסר Prov 1:8; Prov 4:1 (compare Deut 8:5); specifically as begetter, genitor Prov 23:22; Zech 13:3 (twice in verse) (+ אֵם) Isa 45:10 compare Gen 49:4 (J) Lev 18:7; Lev 18:8; Lev 18:11 (P); rebuking Gen 37:10 loving Gen 37:4; Gen 44:20 (J E; compare Gen 22:2; Gen 25:28; Gen 37:3; 2Sam 14:1); pitying Ps 103:13 (in simile compare 2Sam 18:5); blessing Gen 27:41 (J E compare Gen 27:4 also Gen 28:1 P +); as glad Prov 10:1; Prov 15:20 compare Prov 29:3 grieving Gen 37:35 (J E; compare 2Sam 12:22; 2Sam 19:1; 2Sam 19:2 f) etc. Also as object of honour, obedience, love Exod 20:12 (E) = Deut 5:16; Exod 21:15; Exod 21:17 (E) Deut 21:18; Deut 21:19; Gen 28:7 (P) 1Kgs 19:20 (all + אֵם), 1Kgs 50:1; 1Kgs 50:5 (J) Mal 1:6 etc. Hence metaphor of intimate connection Job 17:14 to corruption I cry, My father art thou (|| אִמִּי וַאֲחֹתִי לָֽרִמָּה).

2. of God as father of his people (see RS^{Sem 42}), who constituted, controls, guides and lovingly watches over it: Deut 32:6; Jer 3:4; Jer 3:19; Jer 31:9; Isa 63:16 (twice in verse); Isa 64:7; Mal 1:6; Mal 2:10 (compare Exod 4:22; Exod 19:4 (JE) Deut 32:11; Hos 11:1); compare Jer 2:27 (of idolatrous Israel) אֹמְרִים לָעֵץ אָבִי אַתָּה וְלָאֶבֶן אַתְּ ילדתני׃; especially God as father of Davidic line 2Sam 7:14; Ps 89:27 f. of needy (late) Ps 68:6 (compare Ps 103:13) (in proper name, f. of individual, compare below)

3. head of household, family or clan; בֵּית אָבִי as abode Gen 38:11 (twice in verse); Lev 22:13 +; = family Gen 24:40 (|| מִשְׁפַּחְתִּי) Gen 41:51; Gen 46:31 + compare Num 18:1; Num 18:2; Josh 2:12; Josh 2:18; Josh 6:25 especially techn. of divisions of Israel בֵּית אָב לְמִשְׁפָּחוֺת Num 3:30; Num 3:35 = a father's house, i.e. a family or clan; more often plural (אבותם, אבותיו) בֵית אָבוֺת = father's houses = families, clans (compare Di on Exod 6:14) Exod 6:14; Exod 12:3; Num 1:2; Num 1:18 ff (often in Numbers) Josh 14:1; Josh 19:51; Josh 21:1 (twice in verse); Josh 22:14 (twice in verse) (always P in Hexateuch); also 1Chr 5:13; 1Chr 5:15 + often in Chronicles; compare רָאשֵׁי אבות הלוים (= ׳בית א ׳ר) Exod 6:25 compare 1Kgs 8:1; 1Chr 6:4; 1Chr 7:11 + often Chronicles Ezra Nehemiah.

4. ancestor (a) of individual; grandfather (instead of precise term) Gen 28:13; Gen 32:10 (J; where used by Jacob of Abraham & then of Isaac); greatgrandfather 1Kgs 15:13 great-greatgrandfather 1Kgs 15:11 etc.; oft plural (= fathers, forefathers) Gen 15:15; Gen 46:34 (JE) 1Kgs 19:4; 1Kgs 21:3; 1Kgs 21:4; 2Kgs 19:12; 2Kgs 20:17 +; particularly שׁכב עם אבותיו 1Kgs 1:21; 1Kgs 2:10; 1Kgs 11:21; 1Kgs 22:40 +; joined with ׳ויקבר עם אב 1Kgs 14:31; 1Kgs 15:24; 1Kgs 22:51; 2Kgs 8:24; 2Kgs 15:38 compare v2Kgs 15:7, 2Kgs 16:20 + (all of kings of Judah); intensive, אֲבֹתֶיךָ וַאֲבוֺת אֲבֹתֶיךָ Exod 10:6 compare Dan 11:24 (b) of people Gen 10:21 (J) Gen 17:4; Gen 17:5 (P) Gen 19:37; Gen 19:38 (J) Gen 36:9; Gen 36:43 (P) Deut 26:5; Isa 51:2; Isa 43:27 (where אביך הראשׁון thy first father, see Che) compare also Ezek 16:3; Ezek 16:45 + often; plural Exod 3:13; Exod 3:15; Exod 3:16 (E) Deut 1:8; Josh 1:6; Judg 2:1; 1Sam 12:6 +; 1Sam 12:15 near the end read וּבְמַלְכְּכֶם ᵐ5 We Dr.

5. originator or patron of a class, profession, or art Gen 4:20; Gen 4:21.

6. figurative of producer, generator Job 38:28 הֲיֵשׁ לַמָּטָר אָ֑ב (|| הוֺלִיד אֶגְלֵיטָֽֿל׃ מִיֿ).

7. figurative of benevolence & protection Job 29:6 אָב אָֽנֹכִי לָֽאֶבְיוֺנִים, compare Job 31:18 of Eliakim Isa 22:21 perhaps also of gracious Messianic king אֲבִי עַד Isa 9:5 everlasting father (Ge Ew De Che Brd Di) — others divider of spoil (Abarb Hi Kn Kue Br^MP).

8. term of respect & honour (Abbas, Pater, Papa, Pope); applied to master 2Kgs 5:13 priest Judg 17:10; Judg 18:19 prophet 2Kgs 2:12 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 6:21; 2Kgs 13:14 (twice in verse); compare 2Kgs 8:9 counsellor Gen 45:8 (E; compare δευτέρου πατρός ᵐ5 add. Esth 3:13 τῷ πατρί 1 Mac Esth 11:32); king 1Sam 24:12 artificer 2Chr 2:12; 2Chr 4:16.

9. specifically, ruler, chief (late) 1Chr 2:24; 1Chr 2:42 (twice in verse); etc. (compare Ew^{§ 273 b}) see also Ew^{Geschichte. i. 524. H i. 365}. On the force of אָב in proper names (in many probably a divine title), see Che^{Ency. Bib., ABI, NAMES WITH} Nö^{ib., NAMES, §§ 44, 45}.

fathers, father, chief, families, patrimony, …

ʾāb

father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

father of an individual

grandfather, forefathers (of a person)

וְ אִמּ ֖וֹ

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אִמּ

Root word mother, mothers, dam, parting

֖וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: אֵם · ame

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and his mother

and his mothers ×24 his mother ×19 his mothers ×12 and his mother ×11 the mother ×9 or his mother ×8 and thy mother ×7 mother ×7

More options

mother — Most natural, broadly applicable rendering in any context.

mom — Informal register; suits direct address or family dialogue.

dam — Technical term for the female parent of an animal.

maternal figure — When biological motherhood is implied but indirect.

ancestress — For collective or metaphorical uses, e.g. 'mother of a nation'.

BDB520 H517

אֵם₂₂₁ noun feminine mother (Phoenician אם, Arabic , Ethiopic , Sabean אם (only in proper names compare e. g. Bae^{Rel 118}) Assyrian ummu COT^Gloss; Aramaic אֵם, אִימָּא, ) — ׳א absolute Gen 32:12 +; construct Gen 3:20 +; suffix אִמִּי Gen 20:12 + etc.; plural only suffix אִמֹּתֵנוּ Lam 5:3 אִמֹּתָם Jer 16:3; Lam 2:12 (twice in verse); —

1. literal (human) mother, as parent Gen 20:12; Gen 32:12; Gen 44:20; Exod 2:8; Ps 51:7; Ps 113:9 ( opposed to עֲקֶרֶת) Jer 15:8; Jer 15:10; Jer 20:14; Jer 22:26; Jer 50:12; 1Chr 4:9; Song 6:9; Song 8:5 +; hence of Eve אֵם כָּלחָֿ֑י Gen 3:20 in poetry of birth, יָצָא מִבֶּטֶן אֵם Job 1:21; Eccl 5:14 יָצָא מֵרֶחֶם אֵם Num 12:12 compare Ps 139:13 (Jer 20:18 &) מִמְּעֵי אִמִּי גּוֺזִי Ps 71:6 (subject ׳י, compare גחה Ps 22:10 > גּוֺזִי = my benefactor from birth Thes Ew Hup Pe); also וַתְּהִי אִמִּי קִבְרִי Jer 20:17 מִבֶּטֶן אֵם = from earliest existence Judg 16:17; Job 31:18; Ps 22:11 so מִמְּעֵי אֵם Isa 49:1 as giving suck Song 8:1 (שְׁדֵי אֵם) Ps 22:10 compare Ps 131:2 (see Exod 2:9 compare vExod 2:8); as exercising authority Gen 21:21; Gen 24:28; Gen 27:11; Gen 27:13; Gen 27:14; Judg 17:2 f Ruth 1:8; Song 3:4; Song 8:2 etc.; especially of queen-mother as possessing dignity & influence 1Kgs 1:11; 1Kgs 2:13; 1Kgs 2:19; 1Kgs 2:20; 2Chr 22:2; 2Chr 22:3; Song 3:11; Prov 31:1 compare names of mo-thers of kings of Judah 1Kgs 14:21; 1Kgs 14:31; 1Kgs 15:2; 1Kgs 15:10; 1Kgs 15:13 +; as shewing love & care 1Sam 2:19; 1Kgs 3:27; 1Kgs 17:23; 2Kgs 4:30; Isa 66:13 (simile of ׳י's comforting his people; compare also Gen 27:45); as beloved & lamented 1Kgs 19:20 (|| אָב) Gen 24:67; Ps 35:14 בֶּןאִֿמּוֺ = own (uterine) brother Gen 43:29 & || אָח Gen 27:29; Deut 13:7; Judg 8:19; Ps 50:20; Ps 69:9; Song 1:6 compare Song 8:1 so בַּתאִֿמּוֺ Lev 18:9; Lev 20:17; Deut 27:22 (|| בַּתאָֿבִיו) Gen 20:12 often with אָב, as parentes Jer 16:3; Zech 13:3 (twice in verse); Isa 8:4 as rightfully claiming honour, authority, etc., compare above, Gen 28:7 (P) compare Gen 37:10 (E) Judg 14:2 f, so in precept Prov 1:8; Prov 6:20; Prov 10:1; Prov 15:20 etc. compare Ezek 22:7 laws enjoining these Exod 20:12 = Deut 5:16; Lev 19:3 compare Deut 22:15 laws prohib. contrary Exod 21:15; Exod 21:17 (E) Lev 20:9 (twice in verse) (H) Deut 21:18; Deut 21:19; Deut 27:16 laws as to mourning for Lev 21:2; Lev 21:11 (H) Num 6:7 (P) compare Jer 16:7; Ezek 44:25 left for wife Gen 2:24 for mother-in-law Ruth 2:24 for husband Deut 21:13 (law for captive women); compare Deut 33:9 (of devoted service of Levites); loving, caring for children Prov 4:3 (on the opposite compare Ps 27:10); loved, cared for Josh 2:13 compare vJosh 2:18; Josh 6:23. 1Sam 22:3; 1Kgs 19:20 compare 2Sam 19:38.

2. figurative of Deborah as caring for her people אֵם בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל Judg 5:7 (compare אָב Isa 22:21; Job 29:16); so of a city 2Sam 20:19 ('stock, race, community' RS^{K 28 compare Proph. iv. n 8}); of Israel Hos 2:4; Hos 2:7; Hos 4:5 compare Hos 10:14 of Judah Isa 50:1 (twice in verse); of Hittite as mother of Jerusalem אָבִיךְ הָאֱמֹרִי וְאִמֵּךְ חִתִּית Ezek 16:3; Ezek 16:45 compare vEzek 16:44 vEzek 16:45 also Ezek 19:2; Ezek 19:10 & see Ezek 23:2.

3. of animals, dam Exod 22:29 (of ox & sheep) Lev 22:27 (of bullock, sheep, or goat); Exod 23:19 = Exod 34:26 = Deut 14:21 (of kid); mother-bird Deut 22:6 (twice in verse); Deut 22:7 figurative Job 17:14 לַשַּׁחַת קָרָאתִי אָבִי אָ֑תָּה אִמִּי וַאֲחֹתִי לָרִמָּֽה ׃.

4. = point of departure or division אֵם הַדֶּרֶךְ Ezek 21:26. (|| ראֹשׁ שְׁנֵי הַדְּרָכִים).

mother, mothers, dam, parting

ʾēm

a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])

mother

of humans

תִּמְנָ֑תָ ה

תִּמְנָ֑תָ

Root word a name — transliterate it ("To timnath")

ה

Suffix — direction direction — "to / toward ___"

Dictionary form: תִּמְנָה · tim-NAW

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: to timnath

to timnath ×5 in timnath ×2 and thimnathah ×1 and timnah ×1 of timnath ×1 thereof and timnah ×1 to timnah ×1

More options

Timnah — Most widely used modern spelling; prefer in most contexts.

Timnath — Traditional spelling; use when matching older source texts.

Timnathah — Archaic variant; use only when citing boundary lists (Josh 19).

BDB4716 H8553

תִּמְנָה, תִּמְנָ֫תָה proper name, of a location (probably = portion, territory); — (חִמְנָה Josh 15:10; Josh 15:57; 2Chr 28:18 תִּמְנָ֫תֶה [as nominative see GFM^{Judg 14:1}] Josh 19:43; Judg 14:1; Judg 14:2; Judg 14:5 with ה locative תִּמְנָ֫תָה Gen 38:12; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:14; Judg 14:1; Judg 14:5 ᵐ5 Θαμνα, Θαμναθα): —

1. place in hill-country of Judah Gen 38:12; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:14. probably = Josh 15:57. Site unknown (compare Di^{Gen 38:12} Rob^{BR ii. 17 n}.).

2. place on border of Judah Josh 15:10; Josh 19:43 (assigned to Dan), Judg 14:1 (twice in verse); Judg 14:2; Judg 14:5 (twice in verse); 2Chr 28:18. Modern Tibneh, approximately 15 miles south of west from Jerusalem compare Rob^{BR ii.17} Buhl^{Geogr. 196}.

timnath, timnah, thimnathah

timnâ

portion

Timnah, the name of two places in Palestine

a town on the northern boundary of Judah later assigned to Dan

וַ יָּבֹ֙אוּ֙

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יָּבֹ֙אוּ֙

Root word come, came, brought, bring, in, …

Dictionary form: בּוֹא · boh

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: and came

came ×247 come ×144 and came ×99 shall come ×65 and brought ×55 cometh ×44 and they came ×38 brought ×37

More options

come — Most neutral, widely applicable rendering for this lemma.

go — Use when motion is away from the speaker's reference point.

enter — Prefer when crossing a threshold or boundary is in view.

bring — Use for causative or hiphil stems involving conveying something.

arrive — Emphasizes reaching a destination; good for narrative climax.

approach — Highlights drawing near; suitable for formal or ceremonial contexts.

BDB946 H935

בּוֺא₂₅₆₉ verb come in, come, go in, go (Assyrian bâ'u Hpt^{KAT 499, Ethiopic} Arabic return) —

Qal Perfect בָּא Gen 6:13 +; 3 feminine singular בָּ֫אָה Gen 15:17 +; suffix בָּאַתְנוּ Ps 44:18 2 masculine singular בָּ֫אתָ Josh 13:1 +, בָּ֫אתָה 2Sam 3:7 2 feminine singular בָּאתְ Gen 16:8; Ruth 2:12, וּבָאתְ consecutive Ruth 3:4; 2Sam 14:3; Mic 4:10 3 plural בָּאוּ Gen 7:9 +; 1 plural בָּאנוּ Gen 32:7 + (בָּנוּ 1Sam 25:8), etc.; Imperfect יָבוֺא Gen 32:9 +, יָבאֹ Gen 49:10 +; 3 feminine singular תָּבוֺא Gen 41:50 +; suffix תְּבוֺאָֽתְךָ Job 22:21 (but text dubious see Kö^{i. 644}); 2 masculine singular תָּבוֺא Gen 15:15 +; 2 feminine singular תָּבוֺאִי Ruth 3:17 +; 1 singular אָבוֺא Gen 33:14 +; cohortative אָבֹ֫אָה Judg 15:1, אָב֫וֺאָה Gen 29:21 +, וַתָּבאֹתִי 1Sam 25:34 (Qr וַתָּבאֹת, but text probably wrong, see Kö^{i. 647} Dr, read וַתָּבֹאִי); 3 plural masculine יָבוֺאוּ Gen 6:20 +, also (by text error) בּאֹוּ Jer 27:18 compare Kö^{i. 645}, יְבאֹ֑וּן Ps 95:11 suffix יְבאֹוּנִי Ps 119:77, וִיבֹאֻנִי vPs 119:41 3 feminine plural תָּבאֹןָ Gen 30:38, תָּבוֺאנָה 1Sam 10:7 +; תְּבֹאֶינָה 1Sam 10:7; Ps 45:16, etc.; Imperative בּוֺא, בּאֹ Gen 7:1 +, בֹּ֫אָה 1Sam 20:21; 1Kgs 13:7, בּ֫וֺאִי, בֹּ֫אִי 2Sam 13:11 +; masculine plural בּ֫אֹוּ Gen 45:17 +; Infinitive בּוֺא, בּאֹ Gen 39:16 +; suffix בֹּאִי, בּוֺאִי Gen 48:5 +, בּוֺאֲךָ 1Sam 29:6 +, בֹּאֲכָה Gen 10:19 +, etc., בֹּאָם Gen 34:5 +, בֹּאָן Gen 30:88 compare Ezek 42:12 (where Co for בְּבוֺאָן reads לבוא להנה); Participle בָּא Gen 33:1 +; feminine בָּאָ֫ה Gen 29:6 +, הַבָּ֫אָה Gen 18:21 + (accent wrong Ew^{§ 331 b N}.); plural בָּאִים Gen 18:11 +; construct בָּאֵי Gen 23:10 feminine absolute בָּאוֺת Gen 41:29 (see further on forms Kö^{i. 643 f.}); —

1. come in, followed by אֶל Gen 6:18; Gen 7:9; Gen 7:13, followed by בְּ Gen 19:8 & so (subject רוּחַ) Ezek 2:2; Ezek 37:10, followed by לְ Esth 6:4, followed by ָ ה locative Gen 12:11; Gen 41:57; Num 14:24, followed by accusative (בוֺת) Judg 18:18; 2Kgs 11:19 compare Ps 100:4 (שַׁעֲרָיו), & בָּאֵי שַׁעַר עִירוֺ Gen 23:10; Gen 23:18 even of life-less things 2Kgs 18:21, וּבָא בְכַפּוֺ (of broken reed) = pierce; of food and drink (followed by אֶלֿ) Dan 10:3 compare Gen 41:21 (fat kine when eaten by lean kine); see also (followed by בְּ) Num 5:22; Num 5:24; Num 5:27 absolute Gen 7:16; Gen 24:31; 1Kgs 1:42; 1Kgs 14:6 compare 2Kgs 11:5; 2Kgs 11:9 = 2Chr 23:4; 2Chr 23:8 +; more particular
a. opposed to יָצָא, go out and come in (Sabean וצֿאם או בהאם Hal¹⁵²) Josh 6:1; 2Kgs 11:8 = 2Chr 23:7 especially in sense of going about one's affairs (including all one's undertakings) Deut 28:6; Deut 28:19; Zech 8:10; Ps 121:8 id. + ישׁב 2Kgs 19:27 also followed by לִפְנֵי הָעָם etc. = act as ruler (judge) of, Num 27:17; 2Chr 1:10 compare 1Kgs 3:7 of leading an army 1Sam 18:13; 1Sam 18:16 compare also Josh 14:11 see further Deut 31:2; 1Sam 29:6 & below
c. below
b. of taking part in worship of congregation Deut 23:2; Deut 23:3 (twice in verse); Deut 23:4 (twice in verse) + (followed by בְּ); or entering into tabernacle for priestly service Exod 28:29; Exod 28:35; Lev 16:23 (all followed by אֶלֿ), Exod 28:30 (followed by לִפְנֵי יהוה), Lev 16:17 (followed by infinitive) +. with of entering on official duty 2Kgs 11:9 = 2Chr 23:8; 1Chr 27:1 (all opposed to יצא). d. of bride coming into her husband's house Josh 15:18 = Judg 1:14. e. of entering a woman's tent or apartment (with implication coire cum femina, compare Late Hebrew בִּיאָה coitio; on origin of this use of word compare RS^{K 90, 167, 291}) Judg 15:1 אֶלאִֿשְׁתִּי הֶחָ֑דְרָה, Judg 16:1; Gen 6:4; Gen 16:2; Gen 30:3; Gen 38:8: Gen 38:9; Gen 39:14; Deut 22:13; 2Sam 12:24; 2Sam 16:21; 2Sam 20:3; Ezek 23:44 (3 t. in verse); Prov 6:29 (all followed by אֶלֿ); followed by עַלֿ Gen 19:31; Deut 25:5 יָבאֹ עָלָיהָ וּלְקָחָהּ לוֺ לְאִשָּׁה compare בָּאֶיהָ Prov 2:19 — subject rarely woman Gen 19:34; 2Sam 11:4. feminine of associating with (followed by בְּ) Josh 23:7; Josh 23:12 compare Gen 49:6 בְּסֹדָם אַל תָּבאֹ נַפְשִׁי (אַלתֵּֿחַד || בִּקְהָלָם).
g. of entering into specific relations, בְאָלָה ׳בּ, בִבְרִית ׳בּ (see אלה, ברית); בּוֺא בְדָמִים come into blood-guiltiness, became guilty of murder 1Sam 25:26.
h. of burial, אֶלקֶֿבֶר ׳בּ 1Kgs 13:22; 1Kgs 14:13 compare תָּבוֺא אֶלאֲֿבוֺתֶיךָ Gen 15:15 (|| תִּקָּבֵר).
i. of sun, set (go in, enter, compare As êrib šanši COT Gen 19:23 opposed to יצא go forth, rise) Gen 15:12; Gen 15:17; Gen 28:11; Exod 17:12; Exod 22:25; Lev 22:7; Deut 16:6; Deut 23:12; Deut 24:13; Deut 24:15; Deut 10:13; Deut 10:27; Deut 2:24; Deut 3:35; Deut 1:36; Deut 18:34 so also figurative Jer 15:9 of calamity בּאה שִׁמְשָׁהּ בְּעוֺד יוֺמָם (|| אֻמְלְלָה יֹלֶדֶת הַשִּׁבְעָה etc.), compare Isa 60:20; Mic 3:6 הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ עַלהַֿנְּבִיאִים ׳וּב of ignorance and confusion. j. of harvest, come in = be gathered Lev 25:22 (compare תְּבוּאָה); so of revenue (income) 1Kgs 10:14 = 2Chr 9:13 (followed by לְ person), — opposed to יצא be expended.
k. in other phrases: וַתָּבאֹ הָעִיר בַּמָּצוֺר 2Kgs 24:10 + and the city came into siege; compare Ps 105:18 בַּרְזֶל בָּאָה נַפְשׁוֺ his soul came into iron (see AV RVm; Che felt iron chains, compare Ew Ol Hup Pe; ᵑ7 Hi De and others iron came upon his soul); בָּא בַּיָּמִים come into (the) days, = advanced in age Gen 24:1; Josh 13:1; Josh 23:1 (all || זָקֵן); on 1Sam 17:12 see Dr.

2. come (approach, arrive) opposed to הָלַךְ Gen 16:8; 1Sam 20:21 (compare v1Sam 20:22) Neh 6:17; Eccl 5:14; Eccl 5:15 (of birth opposed to death); followed by אֶלֿ person or of thing Gen 14:7; Gen 37:23 followed by עַלֿ Exod 18:23; 2Chr 20:24 (come up upon, almost = ascend); compare also Lev 21:11; Num 6:6 followed by לְ 1Sam 9:12; 2Chr 29:17 followed by עַד Num 13:22; Judg 15:14; 2Sam 16:5 compare בָּאוּ בָנִים עַדמַֿשְׁבֵּר 2Kgs 19:3 = Isa 37:3 children have come to the birth; followed by עַד + אֶל 2Kgs 9:20 בָּא עַד אֲלֵיהֶם; followed by ָ ה locative Judg 11:16; 2Kgs 6:4 followed by accusative 1Sam 4:12; 2Kgs 8:7; Jer 32:24 compare also Lam 1:4 בָּאֵי מוֺעֵד those coming to an appointed feast; absolute Gen 45:16 Joseph's brethren are come, & often; also of lifeless things, ark of ׳י 1Sam 4:6 wind Job 1:19 so כַּסְפְּכֶם בָּא אֵלָ֑י Gen 43:23 your money came unto me = I received your money; our inheritance has fallen to us Num 32:19 (with אֶלֿ); so 1Sam 9:16 its cry is come unto me, compare Gen 18:21; Exod 3:9; Lam 1:22 of time, often of imminent future, esp in phrase הִנֵּה יָמִים בָּאִים Isa 39:6 = 2Kgs 20:17; Jer 7:32; Jer 9:24; Jer 16:14; Jer 19:6 compare also 1Sam 26:10; Ezek 7:7 +; of day of ׳י Joel 2:1; Joel 3:4; Zech 14:1; Mal 3:2; Mal 3:19; Mal 3:23 also participle as adjective הַיָּמִים הַבָּאִים Eccl 2:16 compare Jer 47:4 as substantive הַבָּאוֺת Isa 41:22 things to come, future things; & הַבָּאִים alone = adverb in (days) to come Isa 27:6 particular
a. come with, i.e. come, bringing, followed by אָבוֺא בֵיתְךָ בְעוֺלוֺת ׃בְּ Ps 66:13 ׳אָבוֺא בִּגְבֻרוֺת אדני י Ps 71:16 (|| אַזְכִּיר צִדְקָֽתְךָ) so Lev 16:3 & perhaps Prov 18:6 — compare בְּ III. 1. b. b. come upon, fall or light upon, of enemy, attack, followed by עַלֿ Gen 34:27; 1Sam 11:12 compare Gen 32:9 (followed by אֶלֿ); followed by suffix Job 15:21, so also Job 20:22; Ezek 32:11 of calamity, etc. Prov 10:24; Prov 28:22; Ps 44:18 (all with suffix); followed by לְ Job 3:25 (|| אתה with suffix) Isa 47:9 (|| בוא על); of blessing, followed by עַלֿ Josh 23:15 followed by suffix Job 22:21 (compare Di) Ps 119:41; Ps 77.
c. come to pass, of signs, wonders, predictions, etc. Deut 13:3; Josh 23:14; 1Sam 9:6 (בּאֹ יָבאֹ) Isa 42:9; Jer 28:9; Prov 13:12; Job 6:8 +.
d. Gen 6:13 קֵץ כָּלבָּֿשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי perhaps has presented itself before me (see Kn), compare Lam 1:22 above & 2Chr 7:11 (where בוא for usual עלה); but perhaps (compare Di) has come to pass before me, i.e. in my mind it is already a fact.
e. in phrase עַדבּֿוֺאֲךָ עַזָּה Judg 6:4 compare Judg 11:33; 1Sam 17:52; 2Sam 5:25; 1Kgs 18:46 (עַדבֹּֿאֲכָה) until thou comest to = as far as; so also בּוֺאֲךָ (בֹּאֲכָה) alone, = as far as, or in the direction of, Gen 10:19 (twice in verse); Gen 10:30; Gen 13:10; Gen 25:18; 1Sam 27:8 (all followed by ָ ה locative) 1Sam 15:7 so לְבאֹ חֲמָת Num 13:21; Num 34:8; Ezek 48:1, compare Ezek 47:15 (in a different connection לָבוֺא אפרתה Gen 35:16; Gen 48:7); ׳עַד לְבוֺא ח Josh 13:5; Judg 3:3; 1Chr 13:5, compare 1Chr 5:9; 2Chr 26:8; Ezek 47:20 ׳מִלְּבוֺא ח Amos 6:14; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 14:25; 2Chr 7:8 of Isaac בָּא מִבּוֺא בְּאֵר לַחַי רֹאִיGen 24:62 (but text dubious) feminine attain to וְעַד הַשְּׁלשָׁה לֹא בָא 2Sam 23:19 = 1Chr 11:21.
g. be enumerated הַבָּאִים בְּשֵׁמוֺת, literally those coming with names 1Chr 4:38.

3. go, i.e. walk, associate with (עִם) Ps 26:4, so with אֵת Prov 22:24 (compare הלך את Prov 13:20 & התהלך את Gen 5:22; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:9).

4. go (compare הלך) from speaker, but with limit of motion given Isa 22:15 לָךְבּֿאֹ אֶלֿ, so Ezek 3:4; Ezek 3:11; Gen 45:17 וּלְכוּבֿאֹוּ אַרְצָה כְּנָ֑עַן; 1Sam 22:5 לֵךְ וּבָאתָלְֿךָ אֶרֶץ יְהוּדָה; Isa 47:5; Jonah 1:3 אֳנִיָּה בָּאָה תַרְשִׁישׁ a ship going to Tarshish; go to war יָבאֹוּ לַמִּלְחָמָה Num 32:6. Hiph`il Perfect הֵבִיא Gen 4:4 +; suffix הֱבִיאַנִי Deut 9:4 +, etc.; 2 masculine singular הֵבֵיאתָ Isa 43:23, הֵבֵאתָ Gen 20:9 +, etc.; suffix הֲבִיאֹתַנִי 2Sam 7:18; 1Chr 17:16, הֲבִיאֹתָנוּ Num 16:14, הֲבֵתָנוּ Ps 66:11 1 singular הֵבֵאתִי Gen 31:39 +, והבאותי Jer 25:13 Kt (Qr וְהֵבֵאתִי); suffix וַהֲבִיאוֺתִיךָ Ezek 38:16 +, הֲבֵאתִיהָ Isa 37:26, etc.; 3 plural הֵבִיאוּ Gen 43:2 +; suffix הֱבִיאוּהוּ 2Chr 28:27 etc.; 2 masculine plural הֲבֵאתֶם Num 20:4 +; וַהֲבִיאֹתֶם 1Sam 16:17 1 plural suffix הֲבִיאֹנֻם Num 32:17 Imperfect (יָבִא) יָבִיא Lev 4:32 +, וַיָּבֵא Gen 2:19 +; suffix וַיְבִיאֵנִי Ezek 40:17, etc.; 2 masculine singular תָּבִיא Job 14:3 suffix תְּבִיאֵהוּ Jer 13:1, וַתְּבִיאֵם Neh 9:23, תְּבִאֵֹמוֺ Exod 15:17, אָבִיא Exod 11:1 + (אָבִי 1Kgs 21:29; Mic 1:15), etc.; Imperative הָבֵא Gen 43:16; Exod 4:6, הָבֵיא 1Sam 20:40, הָבִיאָה Gen 27:7 +; feminine singular הָבִיאִי 2Sam 13:10 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָבֵא Hag 1:6 construct הָבִיא Gen 18:19 +; Participle מֵבִיא Exod 10:14 +, מֵבִי 1Kgs 21:21 + 3 t., מְבִיאֲךָ Deut 8:7 plural מְבִיאִים (מְבִאִים) 1Kgs 10:25 +; construct מְבִאֵי Jer 17:26, מְבִיאֶיהָ Dan 11:6 —

1. cause to come in, bring in (conduct, lead, object persons and animals), followed by אֶלֿ Gen 6:19; Song 2:4; Song 3:4 followed by בְּ Lev 26:41; Ps 66:11 followed by לְ Judg 19:21; 1Sam 9:22 followed by לִפְנֵי Esth 1:11; Esth 1:17 followed by ָ ה locative Gen 24:67; Gen 46:7 followed by הָ֯ + אֶלֿ Gen 19:10, followed by accusative (חֶדֶר) Song 1:4; 2Kgs 9:2 also bring, carry in (lifeless things), followed by אֶלֿ Num 31:54; Mal 3:10 followed by בְּ Jer 17:21 send, of sending (shooting) arrows (figurative) Lam 3:13 compare Lev 26:36 of sending breath (רוּחַ) into dry bones Ezek 37:5 (Co על); followed by לְ Neh 13:12 followed by ָ ה locative Exod 26:33; 2Kgs 20:20 וַיָּבֵא אֶתהַֿמַּיִם הָעִ֑ירָה; followed by accusative (חֶדֶר) 2Sam 13:10 also 2Chr 15:18 (בֵּית); absolute 2Sam 6:17 particular
a. opposed to הוֺצִיא (bring out) Deut 9:28 (followed by אֶלֿ); especially in combination with הוֺצִיא lead out and in (to and from battle) Num 27:17; 1Chr 11:2.
b. bring in women as wives for sons (followed by מִן הַחוּץ) Judg 12:9 (opposed to שִׁלַּח הַחוּצָה).
c. bring into judgment וְאֹתִי תָבִיא בְּמִשְׁפָּט עִמָּ֑ךְ Job 14:3 compare Eccl 11:9; Eccl 12:4.
d. cause sun to go down Amos 8:9 (symbol of judgment).
e. of harvest, bring in, gather 2Sam 9:10; Hag 1:6 (opposed to זרע) compare Neh 13:15. feminine put staves into (בְּ) rings Exod 25:14; Exod 37:5; Exod 38:7 compare Exod 26:11; Lev 14:42 hand into (בְּ) bosom Exod 4:6 (twice in verse); girdle into (בְּ) water Jer 13:1.
g. other phrases, הֵבִיאוּ צַוָּ֯רָם בַּעֲבֹדַת אֲדֹנֵיהֶם Neh 3:5 put their necks to the work, etc.; figurative הביאו אתצֿואריכם בְּעֹל Jer 27:12 הָבִיאָה לַמּוּסָר לֵבֶּ֑ךָ Prov 23:12 apply to instruction thy heart; וְנָבִא לְבַב חָכְמָה Ps 90:12 that we may gain a heart of wisdom.

2. cause to come, bring, bring near, etc. (animate object), followed by אֶלֿ Gen 2:19; Gen 2:22; Gen 43:9; Lev 24:11; Num 5:15 often of bringing Israel to Canaan Exod 6:8; Exod 23:23 +, compare Isa 14:2; Isa 56:7; Neh 1:9 absolute Deut 4:38; Deut 6:23 followed by לְ Gen 39:14; Gen 39:17 followed by ָ ה locative Ezek 12:13 followed by הֲלֹם Judg 18:3, & עַדהֲֿלֹם (figurative of Yahweh's prospering care) 2Sam 7:18 = 1Chr 17:16 absolute Gen 46:32 also with lifeless object, Gen 27:10 (followed by לְ), so 2Chr 36:7; Gen 31:39 (followed by אֶלֿ); followed by accusative 2Kgs 12:5; 2Chr 36:18; Dan 1:2 (twice in verse); followed by ָ ה locative Exod 26:33; Jer 20:5 followed by לִפְנֵי 2Chr 24:14 of ravens bringing food 1Kgs 17:6 (followed by לְ); of bringing presents Gen 43:26; 1Sam 9:7; 1Sam 10:27 (all followed by לְ); compare 1Sam 17:18 especially offerings, followed by לְ Gen 4:3; Num 15:25; Neh 10:35; Neh 10:37 (לְבֵית), etc.; Lev 2:2 followed by אֶלֿ of priest; absolute Gen 4:4; Lev 4:32; Lev 23:14; Lev 23:15; Mal 1:13 (twice in verse); 2Chr 31:5 compare also Exod 35:21; Exod 35:22; Exod 35:23; Exod 35:24 (twice in verse); Exod 35:27; Exod 35:29 (followed by לְ for) so Exod 36:3 +; of time, cause a day to come Lam 1:21 cause cry to come (עַלֿ) Job 34:28 = carry בָּנַיִךְ בְּחֹצֶן ׳והב Isa 49:22 (|| עַלכָּֿתֵף נשׂא); carry God in (בְּ) the hand Job 12:6 (compare אֱלהַּ p. 43); allow to come, almost = invite Esth 5:12 (followed by אֶלֿ) compare vEsth 5:10 particular
a. followed by עַלֿ bring against, or upon, bring enemies against Jer 25:9 compare Ezek 23:22 object sword Lev 26:25; Ezek 5:17; Ezek 11:8; Ezek 14:17; Ezek 33:2 plague Exod 11:1 curse or calamity Gen 27:12; Deut 29:26; 1Kgs 9:9 = 2Chr 7:22; Job 42:11 compare Jer 25:13; Jer 36:31; Jer 44:2; Jer 49:8; Jer 49:37; Ezek 14:22 sin Gen 20:9; Gen 26:10; Exod 32:21 compare also followed by אֶלֿ Jer 32:42; Jer 49:36.
b. bring to pass 2Kgs 19:25 = Isa 37:26 compare 1Chr 4:10; Ps 78:29.
c. bring, bring forward, bring on the scene Mic 1:15; Zech 3:8.
d. bring for a purpose, followed by infinitive Ps 78:71 מֵאַחַר עָלוֺת הֱבִיאוֺ לִרְעוֺת בְּיַעֲקֹב עַמּוֺ.
e. bring, procure בְּנַפְשֵׁנוּ נָבִיא לַחְמֵנוּ Lam 5:9. Hoph`al Perfect הוּבָא Lev 10:18 +; 3 feminine singular הֻבָאת Gen 33:11 (see below); 2 masculine singular הֻבָ֫אתָה Ezek 40:4 3 plural הוּבְאוּ Gen 43:18 Imperfect יוּבָא Lev 6:23 +, יוּבָ֑אוּ Jer 27:22 Participle מוּבָא 2Kgs 12:10 +; plural מוּבָאִים Gen 43:18; Ezek 30:11 + Ezek 23:42 (Co מרבדים), מוּבָאוֺת Ps 45:15 —
a. be brought in (of person and things), absolute Gen 43:18 followed by בית into a house Gen 43:18 temple 2Kgs 12:5; 2Kgs 12:10; 2Kgs 12:14; 2Kgs 12:17; 2Kgs 22:4; 2Kgs 2:9; 2Kgs 2:14.
b. be brought, followed by לְ Gen 33:11 (but ᵐ5 rd Hiph`il I have brought), Ps 45:15 followed by אֶלֿ unto Lev 6:23; Lev 10:18; Lev 13:2; Lev 13:9; Lev 14:2 compare Ezek 23:42 (but see Co VB); followed by הֵ֫נָּה Ezek 40:4 followed by בָּבֶ֫לָה Jer 27:22 followed by infinitive Lev 16:27; Ezek 30:11 followed by מִן Jer 10:9.
c. be introduced, put, followed by בְּ, staves into rings Exod 27:7 vessel into water Lev 11:32.

come, came, brought, bring, in, …

bôʾ

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

to go in, enter, come, go, come in

(Qal)

to enter, come in

to come with

to lead in

to be brought, brought in

עַד

Preposition unto, until, to, till, for, …

Dictionary form: עַד · ad

Preposition

In the KJV here: to

until ×237 unto ×233 even unto ×103 to ×79 till ×62 even to ×58 for ×51 how long ×38

More options

until — Best for temporal boundary; most common usage.

up to — Spatial or quantitative limit; modern and versatile.

as far as — Spatial extent; prefer for geographic/directional contexts.

through — Inclusive endpoint; useful when the limit is included.

as long as — Durative sense; prefer for sustained time expressions.

even to — Emphatic reach; signals surprising or extreme extent.

BDB5808 H5704

III. עַד, in poetry עֲדֵי ( Num 24:20; Num 24:24; Ps 104:23; Ps 147:6; Job 7:4; Job 20:5, and in עֲדֵי עַד Isa 26:4; Isa 65:18; Ps 83:18; Ps 92:8; Ps 132:12; Ps 132:14:compare אֱלֵי, עֲלֵי), preposition as far as, even to, up to, until, while (Aramaic עד, Sabean עד, עדי, Mordtm^{ZMG xxx (1876), 27}; DHM^{xxxvii (1883), 414}, Assyrian adi Dl^{§ 81 a} (Arabic is except); perh akin to pass on, advance to, Kö^{ii. 304, 309:} עֲדֵי probably from ground-form ±¦d¦y, Ol^{428, 431} Kö^{ii. 309 ff.}; but Lag^{Sym. ii. 101-3, Mitth. i. 231 f.}, as plur. like אַחֲרֵי); — with suffix עָדַי Num 23:18 +, עָדֶיךָ Mic 4:8 +, etc., עָֽדיֵכֵם Job 32:12; 2Kgs 9:18 עַדהֵֿם occurs; — as far as, even to (differing from אֶל in that the limit is included, as in Arabic Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. 402 f.}):

I. preposition 1. of space; —
a. Gen 11:31 ויבאו עד חרן as far as Haran, Gen 12:6; Gen 13:3; Gen 13:12 + often, Isa 8:8 עד צואר יגעַ, Isa 15:4 עד יהץ נשׁמע קולם, Isa 25:12; Isa 26:5; Ps 36:6 אמונתך עד שׁחקים, Ps 69:2 דאו מים עד נפשׁ (compare Jonah 2:6; Mic 1:9; Jer 4:10; Jer 4:18), Jer 90:3 תָּשֵׁד אֱנוֺשׁ עַד דַּכָּא Job 11:7, etc.; pregnantly Ps 118:27 ׳אִסְדוּ חָג עַד וגו bind . . . (and lead) up to . . .; Isa 57:9 עַד מֵרָחוק even to afar (מִן 1 c); with the goal a person, Exod 22:8 עד האלהים יָבאֹ דְבַר שְׁנֵיהֶם, 1Sam 9:9; Ps 65:3 עָדֶיךָ כָלבָּֿשָׂר יָבאֹוּ Isa 45:24; Job 4:5, ׳שׁוּב עַד י Hos 14:2 al. (see שׁוּב, stronger than ׳שׁוּב אֶליֿ); in poetry Num 24:20 וְאַחֲדִיתוֺ עֲדֵי אֹבֵד shall be even unto destruction, shall issue in destruction, vNum 24:24 rarely with verbs of attending, הֶאֱזִין עַד Num 23:18, הִתְבּוֺנֵן עַד Job 32:12; Job 38:18 (usually אֶל). Before another perp., 1Sam 7:11 ׳עַד מִתַּחַת ל 1Kgs 4:12 ׳עַד מֵעֵבֶר ל, עַד מֵעַל Ezek 41:20, עַד לִפְנֵי Esth 4:2, and even (si vera. l.) עַד אְלֵיהֶם 2Kgs 9:20:compare עַד נֶגֶד Neh 3:16; Neh 3:26, עַד נֹכַח Judg 19:10 +.

b. In the combination מִן ֗֗֗ (וְ)עַד, as Gen 10:19 מצידון ֗֗֗ עַד עַזָּה from Sidon . . . as far as Gaza + often (see מן 5 a); and idiomatic, not of actual space, but of class of objects, to express the idea of both... and, as Gen 19:4 מִנַּעַר וְעַד זָקִן from young to old (inclusively) = both young and old (see מִן 5 b); without מִן, even to = including, Lev 11:42; Num 8:4 even to (i. e. including) it base and its flower, compare 1Sam 18:4.

2. Of time:
a. (a) even to, until Gen 8:5 even to the 10th month, Exod 12:6 unto the 14th day, etc., vExod 12:15 vExod 12:18, etc.; עד היום unto this day, Gen 19:37; Gen 19:38, עד היום הזה Gen 26:33; Gen 32:33, both + often; עד יום followed by infinitive Exod 40:37; Josh 6:10; Judg 18:30 עד בקר till morning, Exod 12:10 + (15 t.), עד הבקר Exod 16:23 + (11 t.); so עד (ה)ערב Exod 18:13; Exod 18:14 +, in poetry עֲרֵי ערב Ps 104:23 עַד עוֺלָם Gen 13:15 + often; עַד שֶׁבַע פְּעָמִים 2Kgs 4:35 עַד דּוֺר וָדוֺר Isa 13:20 see also בְּלִי, and בִּלְתִּי, near the end and followed by another preposition, Lev 23:16 עַד מִמָּחֳרַת הַשַּׁבָּת, Neh 13:9 עַד אַחַר הַשַּׁבָּת. With the force of against, Judg 6:31 יוּמַת עַד הַבֹּקֶר; compare (b) end. (b) followed by infinitive, both of past time, as Gen 8:7; Gen 32:35 עַד עֲלוֺת הַשַּׁחַר, Gen 33:3; Gen 34:5, and especially future time, as Gen 3:19 עַד שׁוּבְךָ until thy returning, Gen 19:22; Gen 27:45; Deut 7:20; Deut 7:23; Deut 20:20; Deut 22:2; Deut 28:20; Deut 28:22, — both + often; compare עַד בּוֺשׁ Judg 3:25 +; עַד תֹּם ֗֗֗ Lev 25:29 + 10 t.; עַד תֻּמָּם Deut 2:15 +; עַד כַּלֵּה 2Kgs 13:17; 2Kgs 13:19; Ezek 19:14 עַד כַּלּוֺתָ(םׅ 1Sam 15:18; Jer 9:15 +; עַד אוֺר הַבֹּקֶר Judg 16:2 +; also in עַד הִשְׁמִדְךָ אֹתָם Deut 7:24 (compare Deut 28:48; Josh 11:14; 1Kgs 15:29; 2Kgs 3:25; 2Kgs 10:17; 2Kgs 24:20 [|| Jer 52:3 הִשְׁלִיכוֺ]; on the anomalous ׳הִ, see Dr, read probably ׳הַ); and most probably compare Kö^{iii. 583}) in עַד בִּלְתִּי הִשְׁאִיר לוֺ (לָהֶם) שָׂרִיד Deut 3:3 (see Dr), + 5 t. (see above), read probably הַשְׁאִיר. With the force of towards the end of, against, especially in עַד בֹּאָ(םׅ, Gen 43:25; Exod 22:25; Num 10:21 והקימו את המשׁכן עַד בֹּאָם used to set up the tabernacle against their coming, 2Kgs 16:11; Ezek 33:22 compare 2Sam 17:22. Elliptical Judg 16:2 עַד אוֺד הַבֹּקֶד וַהֲרַגְנוּהוּ (wait) till the morning dawn, and we slay him! (GFM; Dr^{§ 115}). (c) with various adverbs of time. (q. v.) as עַד אָנָה, עַדמָֿה, עַד מָתַי, עַד הֵנָּה, עַד כֹּה, עַד כֵּן, עַד עַתָּה, compare עַד כַּמֶּה פְעָמִים (see מָה 4 b).
(d) to suffest also degree (compare 3), עַד אֵין מָקוֺם until there is no place Isa 5:8, עַד אֵין מִסְפָּר Ps 40:13; Job 5:9; Job 9:10 compare Lev 26:18 וְאִםעַֿדאֵֿלֶּה and if even up to these things, even the end of all these punishment, you do not hearken to me.

b. During (rare; prop, as far as the limit indicated, including the time previous, compare ἔως: so often Aramaic עַד, , while), 2Kgs 9:22 what is peace עַד זְנוּנֵי אִיזֶבֶל during, etc.,? Job 20:5 עֲדֵי רָ֑גַע during a moment; followed by infinitive Judg 3:26 עַד הִתְמַהְמְהָם during their delaying, Exod 33:22; Job 7:19 עַד בִּלְעִי רֻקִּי Jonah 4:2.

3. Of degree, to suggest a higher or the highest; as עַד מְאֹד even to muchness, i.e. exceedingly (see מְאֹד), עַד מְהֵרָה even to haste Ps 147:15; Esth 5:6 וּמַהבֻּֿקָּשָׁתֵךְ עַדחֲֿצִי הַמַּלְכוּת וְתֵעָשׂ, vEsth 5:3; Esth 7:2. See also עַד לְ, below. With a negative, to express not even as much as, Deut 2:5 לא אתן לכם מארצם עַד מִדְרַךְ כַּף רָ֑גֶל, and with אֶחָד, Exod 9:7 לֹא מֵת ֗֗֗ עַדאֶֿחָד, simil. Exod 14:28; Judg 4:16; 2Sam 17:22 (read אֶחָד for ׃אַחַד see Dr). Sts. almost = Latin adeo, 1Sam 2:5 (si vera lectio) עַד עֲקָרָה ילדה שׁבעה even to the barren, she hath borne seven, i.e. even the barren hath, etc., Job 25:5 הן עדיָֿרֵחַ ולא יאהיל, Hag 2:19. In comparisons, to the degree of, even like (rare), Nah 1:10 עַד סִירִים סְבֻכִים (text dubious) entangled even like thorns, 1Chr 4:27 לא הִרְבּוּ עד בני יהודה did not multiply to the degree of (i.e.like), etc. compare. 2Sam 23:19 עַד הַשְּׁלשָׁה לֹא בָא did not attain (in prowess) unto the three.

II. conjunction 1. until; —

a עַד אֲשֶׁר until that: (a) with perfect, of past time, Exod 32:20 ויטחן עד אשׁר דָּק (Deut 9:21), Deut 2:14 עד אשׁר עָבַרְנוּ, Josh 3:17; Josh 8:26; Judg 4:24; 1Kgs 10:7 (2Chr 9:6), 2Kgs 17:20; 2Kgs 17:23; 2Kgs 21:16 with suggestion of degree, 1Sam 30:4 (followed byאֵין), 1Kgs 17:17 rarely of future time (the 'future perfect,' Dr^{§ 17}), 2Sam 17:13 (of degree), Ezek 34:21 So -עַד שֶׁ (often in Late Hebrew; see שֶׁ) Judg 5:7; Song 3:4 (twice in verse); עַד כִּי Gen 26:13 עַד כִּיגָֿדַל מְאֹד, Gen 41:49; 2Sam 23:10; 2Chr 26:15 and (of future time) עַד אֲשֶׁר אִם Gen 28:15; Num 32:17; Isa 6:11.
(b) with imperfect, usually of future time, Gen 27:44 עַד אֲשֶׁר תָּשׁוּב חֲמַר אָחִיךָ, Gen 29:8; Exod 23:30; Exod 24:14; Lev 22:4; Num 11:20; Num 20:17; 1Sam 22:3; Hos 5:15 +; rarely of past time, Jonah 4:5 עד אשׁר יראה till he should see, Eccl 2:3. So (of the future) -עַד שֶׁ Song 2:7; Song 2:17; Song 3:5; Song 4:6; Song 8:4; Ps 123:2 and עַד כִּי Gen 49:10 עַד כִּייָֿבאֹ שִׁילֹה.

b. עַד alone, until:
(a) with perfect, of past time, Josh 2:22; Josh 4:23 עַדעָֿבַרְנוּ, 1Sam 20:41 עַד דָּוִד הִגְדִּיל, 2Sam 21:10; 1Kgs 11:16; Ezek 28:15 of the future (rare), 2Kgs 7:3 עַד מָ֑תְנוּ, Ezek 39:15; Dan 11:36 עַד כָּלָה זָ֑עַם. So עַד סִם (of the future), Gen 24:19; Gen 24:33; Isa 30:17; Ruth 2:21.
(b) with imperfect, of future time, 1Sam 1:22 (elliptic: compare Judg 16:2, 12 a
(b) end), Isa 22:14; Isa 26:20; Isa 32:15; Isa 62:1; Isa 62:7; Ps 57:2; Ps 71:18; Job 27:5 +; of the past (rare), Exod 15:16 עד יעבור עמך, vExod 15:16; Josh 10:13 (poetry) עַד יִקֹּם גּוֺי אוֺיְבָיו, Ps 73:17. —

N.B. In poetry, עַד is sometimes used to mark not an absolute close, but an epoch or turning-point, in the future, as Ps 110:1 (see De) עַד אָשִׁית אֹיְבֶיךָ הֲדֹם לְרַגְלֶיךָ, Hos 10:12; Job 14:6 (but see 3); after a negative clause, Gen 49:10; Num 23:24; Isa 42:4; Ps 71:18; Ps 112:8; Job 8:21 (but read probably with Ew Hi Di Du al. עֹד he will yet, etc., understanding vJob 8:20 as present, not future).

2. While (rare: compare 12 b): —
a. with perfect, 1Sam 14:19 עד דִּבֶּר שׁאול while Saul spake.
b. with imperfect, Ps 141:10 יַחד אָנֹכִי עַד אֶעֱבֹר while I at the same time pass by.
c. with participle, Job 1:18 עַד זֶה מְדַבֵּר (but read probably עֹד, as vJob 1:16 vJob 1:17), Neh 7:3.
d. -עַד שֶׁ (without verb) Song 1:12. So עַד לֹא while not = ere yet (of past time) Prov 8:26 עד לא עשׂה אדץ (so עַד לָא, , often, e.g. Gen 24:15 ᵑ7, Matt 1:18); and עד אשׁר לא (of the future) Eccl 12:1; Eccl 12:2; Eccl 12:6 (compare Talmud עַד דְּלָא, Mishna שֶׁלּאֹ עַד).

3. Of degree, to the point that, so that even (rare), Isa 47:7 Thou saidst, I shall be for ever a lady, עַד לֹא שַׂמְתְּ אֵלֶּה עַל לִבֵךְ to the point that (going so far in thy pride that) thou didst not, etc. (but Hi Che Du al. join גְּבֶרֶת עַד I shall be for ever, a lady perpetually; see I. עַד); Job 14:6 (Di De Bu Du) to the point that he may enjoy, etc., Isa 22:14 (Du). In Josh 17:14 עַד אֲשֶׁר ׳עַד כֹּה ֵבּרְכַנִי י, read עַל אֲשֶׁר because that (Ges Buhl; compare Di).

III. עַד לְ, a strengthened form for עַד, found chiefly in Chronicles, Ezra, and occurring in most of the above senses. Thus

1. of space: לְבוֺא חֲמָת עַד Josh 13:5; Judg 3:3; 1Chr 13:5, מִדְבָּ֫רָה ׳עד ל 1Chr 5:9, מצרים ׳עד ל 2Chr 16:8 עַד לְמִזְרַהּ הַגָּ֑יְא 1Chr 4:39, עַד לַמְצָד 1Chr 12:17 עַד לִגְרָר 2Chr 14:12 עַד לַשָּׁמַיִם 2Chr 28:9; Ezra 9:6.

2. Of time: עד לעולם 1Chr 23:25; 1Chr 28:7 לְמֵרָחוֺק עַד 2Chr 26:15; Ezra 3:13; Ezra 9:4 עד למנחת הערב; עַד לַדָּבָר הַזֶּה Ezra 10:14 probably during (Keil^Ges Be with regard to, strengthened for לְ); followed by infinitive עַד לַעֲלוֺת הַמִּנְחָה 1Kgs 18:29 עַד לִכְלוֺת 1Chr 28:20; 2Chr 29:28 עַד לְכַלֵּה 2Chr 24:10; 2Chr 31:1 עד להשׁחית 2Chr 26:16 עַד לָמוּת 2Chr 32:24 (|| 2Kgs 20:1 לָמוּת alone); Ezra 10:14 עד להשׁיב.

3. Of degree: עַד לְמַחֲנֶה גָדוֺל even unto (till there was) a great camp, 1Chr 12:23 עַד לְמַ֫עְלָה = exceedingly 2Chr 16:12; 2Chr 17:12; 2Chr 26:8 עַד לִמְאֹד 2Chr 16:14 עַד לְשִׂמְחָה 2Chr 29:30 עַד לָרֹב 2Chr 31:30 עַד לְאֵין מַרְפֵּא 2Chr 36:16.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

עַתָּ֫ה₄₃₅ (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Kö^{ii. 260}), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v^b Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr^{§ 141, 142}); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

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עַד₃₅ preposition and conjunction even to, until (Biblical Hebrew III. עַד; so ᵑ7, Syriac, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Egyptian Aramaic (Lzb³³⁶ S-C^{A 5} +)); —

1. preposition:
a. of space, even to Dan 7:13 עַדכָּֿא vDan 7:28.
b. of amount, up to Ezra 7:22 (4 t.).
c. of time, until Dan 2:20; Dan 6:15; Dan 6:27; Dan 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 7:26; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:16 וְעַדכְּֿעַן; = our against Ezra 6:15 (compare Biblical Hebrew, p. 724:a top); to (the end of) = during Dan 6:8 עַד יוֺמִין תְּלָתִין, v.Dan 6:13; Dan 7:12; Dan 7:25. On עַדאָֿחֳרָן Dan 4:5 see אָחֳרָן; and on עַדדִּֿבְרַת דִּי Dan 4:14 see [ דִּבְרָה].

2. conjunction:
a. עַדדִּֿי until, followed by perfect (of past time) Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 5:21; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:11; Dan 7:22 followed by imperfect (of future) Dan 2:9; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:22 (twice in verse); Dan 4:29. — Dan 6:25 ׳לָא מְטוֺ ֗֗֗ עַד דִּי שְׁלִטוּ וג up to the time that . . . , i.e. ere that.
b. עַד alone, Ezra 4:21; Ezra 5:5.

unto, until, to, till, for, …

ʿad

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

(prep) as far as, even to, until, up to, while, as far as

of space

as far as, up to, even to

from...as far as, both...and (with 'min'—from)

even to, until, unto, till, during, end

even to, to the degree of, even like

כַּרְמֵ֣י

Root word a name — transliterate it ("The vineyards")

Dictionary form: כֶּרֶם · keh-REM

Noun — Common, both plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: the vineyards

vineyards ×13 and vineyards ×8 a vineyard ×7 the vineyard ×7 thy vineyard ×6 the vineyards ×5 vineyard ×4 my vineyard ×3

More options

vineyard — Standard modern rendering; suits most narrative contexts.

vine-garden — Highlights cultivated, garden-like character of the plot.

winery — Emphasizes production purpose; good for commercial contexts.

grape plantation — Clarifies agricultural scale; useful in descriptive passages.

BDB4196 H3754

כֶּרֶם₉₂ noun masculine^{Deut 28:30} (feminine^{Isa 27:2}) vineyard (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic כַּרְמָא Zinjirli כרם DHM^Sendsch.58; Arabic , vine; Ethiopic vine; Jen^{ZA vii. (1892), 217} compare Assyrian Karânu, vine; — etymology dubious; Thes and others compare Arabic noble, generous, fertile, but precarious); — absolute ׳כ Exod 22:4 +, כָּ֑רֶם Gen 9:20 +; construct כֶּרֶם 1Kgs 21:7 +; suffix כַּרְמִי Isa 5:3 +, כַּרְמְךָ Exod 23:11 +, etc.; plural כְּרָמִים Josh 24:13 +; construct כַּרְמֵי Amos 5:1 + 2 t.; suffix כְּרָמֵנוּ Neh 5:3 + 3 t.; כַרְמֵיכֶם Amos 4:9 + 2 t., etc., — vineyard Gen 9:20 (J), 1Kgs 21:1 + 9 t. 1Kgs 21; Song 2:15 (twice in verse) +; so even Judg 15:5 (where read וזית ׳כָ compare GFM, who however doubts genuineness); + זַּיִת Exod 23:11 (E) and often (V. זית); + שָׂדֶה Exod 22:4; Exod 22:5 (E), and often; figurative of Israel under ׳י's. care Isa 5:1ff., compare Isa 3:14; Jer 12:10 figurative of Shulamite's complexion Song 1:6, of her heart Song 8:12. — Vbs. governing ׳כ are: — נָטַע Gen 9:20; Amos 5:11 + 16 t., compare ׳מַטָּעֵי כ Mic 1:6 זָרַע Deut 22:9 (c. 2 accusative); חִלֵּל = begin to use fruit of, Deut 20:6 (twice in verse); Deut 28:30; Jer 31:5 זָמַר prune, Lev 25:3; Lev 25:4 בָּצַר gather, harvest (literally cut off, i.e. grapes, Lev 25:5; Lev 25:11), Deut 24:21; Judg 9:27, compare לִקֵּשׁ Job 24:6 עוֺלֵל glean, Lev 19:10; Deut 24:21 אָכַל Josh 24:13 (usually 'eat fruit of' Isa 65:21, etc.); locusts devour Amos 4:9 (si vera lectio) On proper name, of a location אָבֵל כְּרָמִים see II. אָבֵל 4; בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם.

vineyards, vineyard, vines, vintage

kerem

a garden or vineyard

vineyard

תִמְנָ֔תָ ה

תִמְנָ֔תָ

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Of timnath")

ה

Suffix — direction direction — "to / toward ___"

Dictionary form: תִּמְנָה · tim-NAW

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: of timnath

to timnath ×5 in timnath ×2 and thimnathah ×1 and timnah ×1 of timnath ×1 thereof and timnah ×1 to timnah ×1

More options

Timnah — Most widely used modern spelling; prefer in most contexts.

Timnath — Traditional spelling; use when matching older source texts.

Timnathah — Archaic variant; use only when citing boundary lists (Josh 19).

BDB4716 H8553

תִּמְנָה, תִּמְנָ֫תָה proper name, of a location (probably = portion, territory); — (חִמְנָה Josh 15:10; Josh 15:57; 2Chr 28:18 תִּמְנָ֫תֶה [as nominative see GFM^{Judg 14:1}] Josh 19:43; Judg 14:1; Judg 14:2; Judg 14:5 with ה locative תִּמְנָ֫תָה Gen 38:12; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:14; Judg 14:1; Judg 14:5 ᵐ5 Θαμνα, Θαμναθα): —

1. place in hill-country of Judah Gen 38:12; Gen 38:13; Gen 38:14. probably = Josh 15:57. Site unknown (compare Di^{Gen 38:12} Rob^{BR ii. 17 n}.).

2. place on border of Judah Josh 15:10; Josh 19:43 (assigned to Dan), Judg 14:1 (twice in verse); Judg 14:2; Judg 14:5 (twice in verse); 2Chr 28:18. Modern Tibneh, approximately 15 miles south of west from Jerusalem compare Rob^{BR ii.17} Buhl^{Geogr. 196}.

timnath, timnah, thimnathah

timnâ

portion

Timnah, the name of two places in Palestine

a town on the northern boundary of Judah later assigned to Dan

וְ הִנֵּה֙

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

הִנֵּה֙

Particle this / that

Dictionary form: הִנֵּה · hin-NAY

Particle — Demonstrative

In the KJV here: and behold

behold ×420 and behold ×208 lo ×52 and lo ×35 that behold ×14 him behold ×12 here am i ×7 it and behold ×7

More options

look — Vivid, natural attention-getter; works in most contexts.

see — Slightly softer; good for pointing out a situation or fact.

listen — Prefer when the focus is on what follows, not what is seen.

here — Best for self-presentation or arrival contexts (e.g., 'here I am').

notice — More reflective; suits narrative asides or observations.

surely — Adverbial use; emphasizes certainty rather than attention-getting.

BDB2205 H2009

הִנֵּה, once הִנֶּהֿ^{Gen 19:2}, demonstrative particle lo! behold! ( certainly, surely, literally lo !), with suffix (the pronoun being conceived as accusative, Ew^{§ 262 c}.; compare, , which takes an accusative, whether of a noun or pronominal suffix) הִנְנִי Gen 6:13 + often (also הִנֶּ֣נִּי Gen 22:7), הִנֵּ֑נִי Gen 22:1; Gen 22:11 +, (הִנֶּ֔נִּי Gen 27:18), Isa 65:1 הִנֵּ֣נִי הִנֵּ֔נִי (but הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי is also said Gen 24:13; Gen 24:43; Gen 25:32; Gen 48:21; Exod 4:23; Exod 7:17 +; and, more rarely, הִנֵּה אֲנִי Ezek 37:5; Ezek 37:12; Ezek 37:19; Ezek 37:21; 2Chr 2:3, compare 2Kgs 10:9; Jer 32:27); הִנְּךָ Gen 20:3 + ( 2Kgs 7:2 הִנְּכָה), הִנֶּ֑ךָּ Ps 139:8, feminine הִנָּךָ Gen 16:11 + 6 t.; הִנּוֺ Num 23:17; Job 2:6; 1Chr 11:25, הִנֵּ֫הוּ Jer 18:3 Kt (הִנֵּה הוּא is more usual, as Gen 20:16; Gen 42:27; 1Sam 10:22; Jer 38:5; Ruth 3:2): 1 plural הִנְנוּ Josh 9:25; 2Sam 5:1; Jer 3:22; Ezra 9:15, הִנֶּ֫נּוּ Gen 44:16; Gen 50:18; Num 14:40, הִנֵּנ֑וּ Job 38:35 הִנְּכֶם Deut 1:10; Jer 16:12 הִנָּם Gen 40:5 + often (37 t.) — lo ! behold !
a. pointing to persons or things, Gen 12:19 and now הִנֵּה אִשְׁתְּךָ behold thy wife ! Gen 18:9 הִנֵּה בָאֹהֶל behold (she is) in the tent (the suffix, when the noun to which הנה refers has immediately preceded, being not unfrequently omitted, Gen 16:14: compare Dr^{§ 135. 6, 2}), Gen 30:3; Gen 31:51 (twice in verse); Exod 24:8 etc. With suffix of 1 person, especially in response to a call, indicating the readiness of the person addressed to listen or obey, Here I am ! (literally Behold me !) Gen 22:1; Gen 22:7; Gen 22:11; Gen 27:1; Gen 27:18; Gen 31:11; Gen 37:13; Gen 46:2; Exod 3:4; 1Sam 3:4; 1Sam 3:5; 1Sam 3:6; 1Sam 3:8; 1Sam 3:16; 1Sam 22:12; 2Sam 1:7; Isa 6:8, compare 1Sam 12:3 הִנְנִי עֲנוּ בִי here I am, answer against me, 1Sam 14:43 (compare Dr^{p. 292}), 2Sam 15:26 (in resignation: compare Gen 44:16; Gen 50:18; Josh 9:25; Ezra 9:15): of God Isa 52:6; Isa 58:9; Isa 65:1 (twice in verse) (repeated for emphasis). In the plural הננו Num 14:40; Jer 3:22; Job 38:35. — Emph. הִנְנִי אָ֕נִי Ezek 34:11; Ezek 34:20, compare Ezek 6:3. on חִנְנִי אֶל ֗֗֗ , see אל 4, p. 40.
b. introducing clauses involving predication:
(a) with reference to the past or present, it points generally to some truth either newly asserted, or newly recognized, Gen 1:29 behold ! I have given to you all herbs etc. Gen 17:20; Gen 27:6; 1Sam 14:33 etc.; often one upon which some proposal or suggestion is to be founded, Exod 1:9 (compare הן Gen 11:6) 1Sam 20:2; 1Sam 20:5; 2Kgs 5:20. When the proposal is to be of the nature of an entreaty or request, הִנֵּהנָֿא is often used, instead of the simple הִנֵּה Gen 12:11; Gen 16:2; Gen 18:7; 1Kgs 20:31; 1Kgs 22:13 and elsewhere (see נָא).
(b) with reference to the future. Here it serves to introduce a solemn or important declaration Exod 32:34; Exod 34:10; Isa 7:14 and is used especially with the participle (the futuram instans [immanent future], Dr^{§ 135. 3}) in predictions or threats, Gen 20:3 הִנְּךָ מֵת (literally) behold thee (accusative) about to die, thou art about to die, Exod 4:23; Exod 7:17; Exod 9:3; Deut 31:17; 1Sam 3:11; 1Kgs 20:36; 1Kgs 22:25; Isa 3:1; Isa 10:33; Isa 17:1; Isa 19:1; Isa 22:17; Isa 24:1 + often; in the phrase הנה ימים באים 1Sam 2:31; 2Kgs 20:17 = Isa 39:6; Amos 4:2; Amos 8:11; Amos 9:13 + Jer 15 t.; very often with the suffix of 1 person singular, as הִנְנִי מֵבִיא Behold, I bring (literally behold me bringing, or about to bring) . . . Gen 6:17; Exod 10:4 & often, especially in Jeremiah; Gen 9:9; Exod 8:17; Exod 9:18; Exod 34:11; Exod 2:20; Exod 29:14; Exod 43:19; Exod 11:22 (הִנְנִי פֹקֵד; so Jer 23:2 +) Jer 16:16; Jer 20:4, etc.; anomalously, with change of person, Isa 28:16 הִנְנִי יִסַּד (according to points) behold me, one who has founded, Isa 29:14 הִנְנִי יוֺסִף behold me, one who will add (so Isa 38:5); but it is dubious whether the participle יֹסֵד, יוֺסֵף should not be read.
c. וְהִנֵּה ֗֗֗ very frequently in historical style, especially (but not exclusively) after verbs of seeing or discovering, making the narrative graphic and vivid, and enabling the reader to enter into the surprise or satisfaction of the speaker or actor concerned: Gen 1:31 and behold, it was very good, Gen 6:12; Gen 8:13; Gen 15:12; Gen 18:2; Gen 37:29; Exod 2:6; Deut 9:13 etc.: in the description of a dream Gen 37:7; Gen 37:9; Gen 40:9; Gen 40:16; Gen 41:1; Gen 41:2; Gen 41:3; Isa 29:8, or of a vision Amos 7:1; Amos 7:4; Amos 8:1 etc. With a participle (the context fixing the sense to the past), Gen 24:30; Gen 37:15 (both without suffix); Judg 9:43; Judg 11:34; 1Kgs 19:5; 1Kgs 19:11 +.
d. like II. הֵן (b), nearly = if (rare): Lev 13:5; Lev 13:6; Lev 13:7; Lev 13:8 (& elsewhere in this and the next chapter) וְהִנֵּה and behold = and if, Deut 13:15 and Deut 17:4 וְהִנֵּה אֱמֶת and behold it is true = and if it be true, Deut 19:18; 1Sam 20:12 compare 1Sam 9:7; 2Sam 18:11; Hos 9:6.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

עַתָּ֫ה₄₃₅ (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Kö^{ii. 260}), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v^b Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr^{§ 141, 142}); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

behold, lo, here, see

hinnē

lo!

behold, lo, see, if

כְּפִ֣יר

Root word lion, lions, villages, young

Dictionary form: כְּפִיר · keh-PEER

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: a young

of the young lions ×4 the young lions ×4 a young lion ×3 and the young lion ×2 of a lion ×2 a young ×1 and as a young lion ×1 and as it were a young lion ×1

More options

young lion — Most direct modern equivalent; broadly useful.

lion cub — Emphasizes youth and smallness of the animal.

juvenile lion — More clinical; useful in prose or study notes.

lion — Use when age/size distinction is not contextually important.

pride lion — Highlights pack/social context; niche poetic use.

BDB4162 H3715

כְּפִיר noun masculine young lion; — ׳כ Judg 14:5 + 16 t.; plural כְּפִרִים Jer 2:15 + 3 t.; כְּפִירִים Zech 11:3 + 7 t.; suffix כְּפִירַיִךְ Nah 2:14 כְּפִירֶיהָ Ezek 38:13 (Co reads כנעניה); — literal אֲרָיוֺת ׳כ Judg 14:5 young lion of lions; Amos 3:4; Ps 17:12. It differs from whelp גּוּר Ezek 19:2; Ezek 19:3 as old enough to hunt its prey, Jer 25:38; Isa 11:6; Zech 11:3; Ps 104:21 in simile of roar of hostile army Isa 5:29 ׅ || (לָבִיא compare Jer 51:38 ׅ || (גּוֺרֵי אריות; sim of ׳י's invincible might Isa 31:4 ׅ || (אַרְיֵה; of Israel among the nations, Mic 5:7 of Assyr. princes Nah 2:12 of prince of Israel Ezek 19:5; Ezek 19:6 other cases are: || לָבִיא Job 38:39 || שַׁחַל Hos 5:14; Ps 91:13; Job 4:10 of bloodthirsty enemies Ps 34:11; Ps 35:17; Ps 58:7; Jer 2:15 גוים ׳כ Ezek 32:2, of young warriors Nah 2:14; Ezek 38:13 (?; see Co above); righteous compared with, Prov 28:1 king's wrath like roaring of, Prov 19:12; Prov 20:2 of one of faces of cherubim Ezek 41:19.

lion, lions, villages, young

kĕpîr

a village (as covered in by walls); also a young lion (perhaps as covered with a mane)

young lion

אֲרָי֔וֹת

Root word lion, lions

Dictionary form: אֲרִי · uh-REE

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: lion

lions ×10 a lion ×9 lion ×7 the lion ×7 of the lion ×6 as a lion ×5 and the lion ×4 like a lion ×4

More options

lion — Standard modern rendering; suits most contexts.

great cat — Emphasizes fearsome animal nature; vivid in narrative.

predator — Functional/thematic; good in metaphorical or poetic passages.

beast of prey — Highlights danger and power; suits threat imagery.

lioness — Use only when context clearly indicates a female animal.

BDB732 H738

אֲרִי noun masculine^{Prov 28:15} lion (Assyrian aria, Ethiopic wild beast, compare also אַרְיֵה below) — אֲרִי Amos 3:12 +13 t.+ 2Sam 23:20 Qr (Kt אריה), Lam 3:10 (id.) + Ps 22:17 (כָּֽאֲרִי for wh .rd כאדו = כָּרוּ compare De Pe Che critical note); plural אֲרָיִים 1Kgs 10:20 אֲרָיוֺת (also masculine) Zeph 3:3 + 16 t. (feminine Jer 51:38 ? but compare Judg 14:5); — lion, literal in narrative Judg 14:5; 1Sam 17:34; 1Sam 17:36; 1Sam 17:37; 2Sam 23:20 = 1Chr 11:22; 2Kgs 17:25; 2Kgs 17:26; Prov 22:13; Prov 26:13; Song 4:8 compare Amos 3:12; Amos 5:19 lion-images 1Kgs 7:29 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 7:36; 1Kgs 10:19; 1Kgs 10:20 = 2Chr 9:18; 2Chr 9:19 in comparison Num 23:24; Num 24:9; Judg 14:18; Isa 38:13; Jer 51:38; 2Sam 1:23; Ezek 22:5; Lam 3:10 metaphor Nah 2:12; Zeph 3:3; Jer 50:17; Ezek 19:2; Ezek 19:6; Prov 28:15. For כארי Ps 22:17 read כארו, cf above. compare also אַרְיֵה.

BDB9337 H717 H738

ארה (√ of following; Biblical Hebrew ארה, אַרְיֵה).

lion, lions

ʾărî

a lion

lion

pictures or images of lions

שֹׁאֵ֖ג

Root word roar, roared, roaring, mightily, roareth

Dictionary form: שָׁאַג · shaw-Aɡ

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: roared

roar ×4 roared ×2 shall roar ×2 they shall roar ×2 also shall roar ×1 and a roaring ×1 hath roared ×1 he shall mightily ×1

More options

roar — Direct modern equivalent; broadly suitable for most contexts.

growl — Prefer for a lower, more sustained or threatening sound.

bellow — Emphasizes loud, deep volume; good for divine or storm imagery.

thunder — Figurative register; suits God's voice or overwhelming power.

cry out — Broader, more relatable term for emotional or urgent contexts.

BDB8359 H7580

שָׁאַג verb roar (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic low, bleat, Frey); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳וְשׁ Isa 5:29 Kt consecutive (> Qr יִשְׁאַג), שָׁאָ֖ג Amos 3:8, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁאַג Amos 3:4 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁאֹג Jer 25:30 Participle שֹׁאֵג Judg 14:5; Ps 22:14, שׁוֺאֵג Ezek 22:25, שֹׁאֲגִים Zeph 3:3; Ps 104:21 —

1. roar, of lion Judg 14:5 (with לִקְרָאתוֺ), Amos 3:4; Amos 3:8; Ps 104:21 (with ל of prey), figurative of invaders and foes Jer 2:15 (with עַל person) Ps 22:14, compare Ps 74:4, simile Isa 5:29; Jer 51:38 figurative of rapacious rulers Zeph 3:3; Ezek 22:25 (read נְשִׂיאֶיהָ for נְבִיאֶתהָ ᵐ5 and modern); of ׳י (like lion) calling scattered Israel Hos 11:10 (twice in verse) (on text of see see Now); of ׳י roaring in thunder Jer 25:30a = Amos 1:2 = Joel 3:16, also Jer 25:30 (שָׁאֹג יִשְׁאַג, followed by עַלנָֿוֵהוּ); compare יִשְׁאַגקֿוֺל Job 37:4 (|| יַרְעֵם).

2. of human cry in distress Ps 38:9 (with מִן causative).

roar, roared, roaring, mightily, roareth

šāʾag

to rumble or moan

(Qal) to roar

of lion, conqueror, Jehovah, cry of distress

לִ קְרָאתֽ וֹ

לִ

Prefix — preposition to, for

קְרָאתֽ

Root word meet, against, met, seek, way, …

וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: קִרְאָה · kir-AW

Verb — Qal, Infinitive Construct, construct state simple action — "he did" try "to ___" or "___ing"

In the KJV here: against him

to meet ×53 against ×34 to meet him ×5 met ×3 to meet them ×3 against him ×2 against he come ×1 against you ×1

More options

meet — Most direct and broadly applicable modern rendering.

encounter — Slightly more formal; good for planned or significant meetings.

confront — Use when the meeting carries hostility or opposition.

go out to — Captures the movement toward someone implied by the lemma.

receive — Fits welcoming or ceremonial contexts of coming to meet someone.

intercept — Best when the meeting is deliberate and blocking in nature.

BDB7557 H7122 H7125

[קְרַאת], לִקְרַאת to meet, see II. קדא. p. 896.

meet, against, met, seek, way, …

qirʾâ

an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)

(n m) to encounter, befall, meet

(Qal)

to meet, encounter

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqw3ms

Verb Chart

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3381

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Np

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H8123

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Grammar C/Ncmsc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Ncfsc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H517

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Grammar Np/Sd

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H8553

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqw3mp

Verb Chart

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H935

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar R

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5704

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncbpc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3754

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Np/Sd

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H8553

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Tm

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2009

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3715

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Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmpa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H738

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqrmsa

Verb Chart

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