Leviticus 2:4

וְכִ֥י תַקְרִ֛ב קָרְבַּ֥ן מִנְחָ֖ה מַֽאֲפֵ֣ה תַנּ֑וּר סֹ֣לֶת חַלּ֤וֹת מַצֹּת֙ בְּלוּלֹ֣ת בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן וּרְקִיקֵ֥י מַצּ֖וֹת מְשֻׁחִ֥ים בַּשָּֽׁמֶן
And if thou bring an oblation of a meat offering baken in the oven, it shall be unleavened cakes of fine flour mingled with oil, or unleavened wafers anointed with oil.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וְ כִ֥י
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
כִ֥י
Conjunction for, that, because, but, when, …
Dictionary form: כִּי · kee

Conjunction

In the KJV here: and if
for ×2058 that ×621 because ×373 but ×221 when ×190 if ×94 and if ×49 though ×39
More options
because — Causal; explains the reason for a preceding statement.
that — Complementary/content clause; introduces indirect speech or thought.
since — Causal with a presupposed background fact.
when — Temporal; use where כִּי marks time rather than cause.
if — Conditional; use in hypothetical or legal-style clauses.
although — Concessive; acknowledges a contrasting reality.

BDB3937 H3587 H3588

BDB3936 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3938

כִּי noun [masculine] burning, branding (for form, compare רִי from רָוָה, אִי, צִי, עִי: Köii. 1. 64) — only כִּי תַּחַת יֹ֑פִי Isa 3:24 branding instead of beauty, in judgment on women of Jerusalem.

BDB3995 H3588 H518

BDB3994 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3996

כִּי conjunction that, for, when (Moabite id,: Phoenician כ. Probably from the same demonstrative basis found in here, and in certain pronouns, as Aramaic דֵּךְ this (WSG 110 f.); perhaps also ultimately akin with that, in order that, and then, enclitic, like Latin nam in quisnam?) —

1. that (ὅτι, German dass):
  a. prefixed to sentences depending on an active verb, and occupying to it the place of an accusative: so constantly, after verbs of seeing, as Gen 1:10 וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים כִּי טוֺב and God saw that it was good, Gen 3:6; Gen 6:2; Gen 6:5; Gen 12:14 + often, hearing Gen 14:14; Gen 29:33, knowing Gen 22:12; Gen 24:14, telling Gen 3:11; Gen 12:18, repenting Gen 6:6; Gen 6:7, swearing Gen 22:16; Jer 22:5, believing Exod 4:5; Lam 4:12, remembering Ps 78:35, forgetting Job 39:15 אָמַר = command (late; in early Hebrew the words said are quoted) Job 36:10; Job 36:24 (זְכֹר in a command) Job 37:20 b 1Chr 21:18 (contrast 2Sam 24:18) etc.; טוֺב כּי it is good that ... 2Sam 18:2 + (usually the infinitive with, as Gen 2:18 see ibid.); Gen 37:26 מַהבֶּֿצַע כִּי נַהֲרֹג what profit that we should slay (imperfect)...? Mal 3:14 what proft כִּי שָׁמַרְנוּ that we have kept (perfect)...? Job 22:3 הַחֵפֶץ לְשַׁדַּי כִּי is it pleasure to Shaddai that...? after a pronoun, as Ps 41:12 by this I know that thou hast pleasure in me, that my enemy cannot triumph over me, Ps 42:5 these things will I remember...that (or how) I used to go, etc., Ps 56:10 this I know that God is for me Job 13:16 (הוא). And with כִּי repeated pleonastic after an intervening clause 2Sam 19:7; Jer 26:15 +; כִּי ֗֗֗ וְכִי Gen 3:6; Gen 29:12; Exod 4:31; Josh 2:9; Josh 8:21; Josh 10:1; 1Sam 31:7; 2Sam 5:12; 1Kgs 11:21; Jer 40:7; Jer 40:11 לֵאמֹר ֗֗֗ וְכִי Gen 45:26; Judg 10:10.
  b. כִּי often introduces the direct narration (like , , and the Greek ὅτι recitativum, e.g. Luke 4:21), in which case it cannot be represented in English (except by inverted commas), Gen 21:30; Gen 29:33 and she said, ׳כִּי שׁמע י Yahweh hath heard, etc.; Exod 3:12 = Judg 6:16 and he said, כִּי אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I will be with thee, Josh 2:24; 1Sam 2:16 (see Dr) 1Sam 10:19 and ye have said to him, כִּי מֶלָךְ תָּשִׂים עָלֵינוּ Thou shalt set a king over us, 2Sam 11:23; 1Kgs 1:13; 1Kgs 20:5; Ruth 1:10, compare Ruth 2:21 (but in reply to a question כִּי may = because, see below 3; and so also in sentences giving the explanation of a proper name, Gen 26:22; Gen 29:32 (but De surely: see below), Exod 2:10 (compare Gen 4:25; Gen 41:51; Gen 41:52); in כִּי מָה, introducing an expostulation, 1Sam 29:8; 1Kgs 11:22; 2Kgs 8:13, it gives the reason for a suppressed 'Why do you say this?').
  c. especially after an oath חַי אָ֫נִי, ׳חַי י etc., introducing the fact sworn to, Gen 42:16 by the life of Pharaoh, כִּי מְרַגְּלִים אַתֶּם (I say) that ye are spies; but though Hebrew usage probably gave it an asseverative force, English idiom does not require it to be expressed: Num 14:22; 1Sam 20:3 as ׳י liveth, כִּי כְפֶשַׂע בֵּינִי וּבֵין הַמָּוֶת there is but a step between me and death! 1Sam 26:16; 1Sam 29:6; Isa 49:18 +; 1Sam 14:44 כֹּהיַֿעֲשֶׂה אֱלֹהִים וְכֹה יוֺסִיף כִּי מוֺת תָּמוּת thus may God do and more also: thou shalt surely die! 2Sam 3:35; 1Kgs 2:23; Ruth 1:17 and elsewhere — Note that כִּי when thus used is often repeated after an intervening clause, in order that its force may be fully preserved: Gen 1:39 כִּי מוֺת יָמוּת (אִםיֶֿשְׁנוֺ בְּיוֺנָתָן בְּנִי) כִּי ׳חַי י 1Sam 25:34; 2Sam 2:27 ׳כִּי אָז וג (לוּלֵא דִּבַּרְתָּ) כִּי, 2Sam 3:9; 2Sam 15:21 Qr 1Kgs 1:30; Jer 22:24.
  d. כִּי is used sometimes with advs. and interjs. to add force or distinctness to the affirmation which follows:
   (a) so especially in אַף כִּי (see אַף); הֲכִי is it that . . .? (as a neutral interrogative) 2Sam 9:1, (expecting a negative answer) Gen 29:15 is it that thou art my brother, and shalt (therefore) serve me for nothing? Job 6:22 is it that I have said, Give unto me? expressing surprise Gen 27:36 is it that he is called Jacob, and has (hence) supplanted me twice? 2Sam 23:19 an affirm. answer is required (which would imply הֲלֹא כִי): read probably with the || 1Chr 11:25 הִנּוֺ be-hold, he, etc.; אִםלֹֿא כִּי Deut 32:30 were it not that .. .; אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2 of a truth (is it) that ye are the people, etc.; אַךְ כִּי 1Sam 8:9 אֶפֶם כִּי Num 13:28 +; גַּם כִּי Ruth 2:21 הֲלֹא כִי 1Sam 10:1 (but see ᵐ5 Dr), 2Sam 13:28 הִנֵּה כִי Ps 128:4 compare Ps 118:10 כִּי אֲמִיַ˜לם ׳בְּשֵׁם י in the name of ׳י (is it) that — or (I say) that — I will mow them down; Job 39:27 doth the vulture mount up at thy command, וְכִי יָרִים קִנּוֺ and (is it) that it (so) makes high its nest? Isa 36:19 have the gods of the nations delivered each his land etc.? . . . וְכִי הִצִּילוּ i.e. (Hi) and (is it) that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand? > (Ew§ 354 c De Di) and that they have delivered Samaria out of my hand! = how much less (אַף כִּי) have they, etc.! (|| 2Kgs 18:34 כִּי alone, perhaps conformed by error to v2Kgs 18:35; 2Chr 32:15 אַף כִּי, which however does not decide the sense of the original וְכִי). 1Chr 29:14 וְכִי מִי read ומי or כי מי
   (b) in introducing the apodosis, especially in כִּי עַתָּה (chiefly after לוּלֵא) indeed then . . ., Gen 31:42; Gen 43:10 for unless we had tarried כִּי עַתָּה שַׁבְנוּ surely then we had returned twice, Num 22:33 (read לוּלֵי for אוּלַי); so 1Sam 14:30 ᵐ5 (after לוּא), and 1Sam 13:13 Hi We (לֻא for לֹא); after אִם Job 8:6 surely then he will awake over thee, etc. (But elsewhere כִּי עַתָּה is simply for now, Gen 29:32; Job 7:21 +; or for then = for in that case, Exod 9:15; Num 22:29; Job 3:13; Job 6:3 +). It is dubious whether כִּי אָז has the same sense: for 2Sam 2:27; 2Sam 19:7 the כִּי in כִּי אָז may be merely resumptive of the כִּי recitation preceding (see a, c). Rare otherwise: Exod 22:22 if thou afflict him כִּי אִםצָֿעֹק יִצְעַק 'tis that (= indeed), if he cries unto me, I will hear him, Isa 7:9 if ye believe not כִּי לֹא תֵאֵָ˜מנוּ ׃ indeed ye will not be established.
  e. there seem also to be other cases in which כִּי, standing alone, has an intensive force, introducing a statement with emphasis, yea, surely, certainly (German ja — a lighter particle than these English words): see in AV RV Exod 18:11; Num 23:23; 1Sam 17:25; 1Sam 20:26; 2Kgs 23:22; Isa 32:13; Isa 60:9; Jer 22:22; Jer 31:19; Hos 6:9; Hos 8:6; Hos 9:12; Hos 10:3; Amos 3:7; Ps 76:11; Ps 77:12 (Ew Che), Prov 30:2 (but not if construed as RVm), Eccl 4:16; Eccl 7:7; Eccl 7:20; Job 28:1 +; Lam 3:22 (ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Ew Th Öttli) the mercies of ׳י, surely they are not consumed (read probably תַמּוּ or תָֽמְמוּ for תמנו), Ruth 3:12 כִּי אָמְנָם yea, indeed. But it is doubtful whether כִּי has this force in all the passages for which scholars have had recourse to it, and whether in some it is not simply = for. DeProv 30:1 would restrict the usage to cases in which a suppressed clause may be understood. feminine that, expressing consecution, especially after a question implying surprise or deprecation: followed by perf., Gen 20:9 what have I sinned against thee כִּי הֵבֵאתָ עָלַי that thou hast brought upon me? 1Sam 22:8; Isa 22:1 what aileth thee, that thou art gone up, etc.? vIsa 22:16; Isa 36:5; Isa 52:5; Mic 4:9; Hab 2:18 followed by participle Judg 14:3; 1Sam 20:1; 1Kgs 18:9 how have I sinned that thou art giving, etc.? 2Kgs 5:7; Ezek 24:19 usually followed by imperfect Exod 3:11 who am I כִּי אֵלֵךְ that I should go, etc.? Exod 16:7; Judg 8:6; Judg 9:28; 2Kgs 8:13; Isa 7:13; Isa 29:16 (also perfect), Ps 8:5 what is man כִּי תִזְכְּרֶנּוּ? Job 3:12 or why the breasts כִּי אִינָָֽק ׃ that I should suck? Job 6:11 מַהכֹּֿחִי כִּי אִַיַחֵל, Job 7:12; Job 7:17; Job 10:5f.; Job 13:25f.; Job 15:12f; Job 15:14; Job 16:3; Job 21:15 +; after a negative, Gen 40:15 here also I have done nothing כִּי שָׂמוּ that they should have placed me in the dungeon, Ps 44:19f. our heart has not turned backward, etc. כִּי דִכִּיתָנוּ that thou shouldst have crushed us, etc., Isa 43:22 not me hast thou called on, כִּי יָגַעְתָּ בִּי that thou shouldst have wearied thyself with me, Hos 1:6 (see RV), Job 41:2; Ruth 1:12 I am too old to have an husband כִּי אָמַרְתִּי that I should have said, etc. (compare Ew§ 337 a; Dr§ 39 δ).
  g. added to preps. כִּי converts them, like אֲשֶׁר, into conjs. ..., as יַעַן כִּי because that...: see below יַעַן, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, תַּחַת.

2. a. Of time, when, of the past וַיְהִי כִּי Gen 6:1 (compare BuUrg. 6), Gen 26:8; Gen 27:1; 2Sam 6:13; 2Sam 7:1; 2Sam 19:26 + (כַּאֲשֶׁר and especially כְּ with infinitive, are more frequently); וְהָיָה כִּי (simple וְ) 1Sam 1:12; 1Sam 17:48; Josh 22:7; Judg 2:18; Judg 12:5 והיה כי יאמרו and it would be, whenever (frequently) they said, Jer 44:19 (participle), Hos 11:1; Ps 32:3 כי החרשׁתי when I was silent, Job 31:21; Job 31:26; Job 31:29 of present (usually with imperfect) as Exod 18:16 כִּי יִהְיֶה לָהֶם דָּבָר when they have a matter, 1Sam 24:20; Isa 1:12; Isa 30:21; Jer 14:12; Zech 7:5; Zech 7:6; Mal 1:8; Ps 49:19 and men praise thee כִּי תֵיטִיב לָ֑ךְ when thou doest well to thyself, Ps 102:1; Ps 127:5 +, with perfect Ezek 3:19-21; Ezek 33:9; Prov 11:15; Prov 23:22 especially of future, as Gen 4:12 כִּי תַעֲבֹד אֶתהָֿאֲדָמָה when thou shalt till the ground it shall not, etc., Gen 24:41; Gen 30:33; Gen 31:49; Gen 32:18; Exod 7:9 when Pharaoh shall speak unto you, Deut 4:25; Deut 6:20 +; in phrase (׳תאֹמַר וג) וְכִי תאֹמְרוּ Lev 25:20; Deut 18:21; Isa 8:19; Isa 36:7; Jer 13:22 and especially in ... וְהָיָה כִּי Gen 12:12; Gen 46:33; Deut 6:10; Deut 15:16; 1Sam 10:7; 1Sam 25:30; Isa 8:21; Isa 10:12 + often; with perfect Isa 16:12; 1Chr 17:11 (altered from imperfect 2Sam 7:12); with participle (unusual) Num 33:51; Num 34:2; Deut 11:31; Deut 18:9.
  b. elsewhere כִּי has a force approximating to if, though it usually represents a case as more likely to occur than אִם: — (mostly with imperfect) Gen 38:16; Num 5:20; Num 10:32; Deut 6:25; Deut 7:17; Deut 28:2; Deut 28:13; 1Sam 20:13; 2Sam 19:8; 2Kgs 4:29; 2Kgs 18:22; Jer 38:15; Prov 4:8; Job 7:13 (כי אמרתי when I say), Job 19:28 often in laws, as Exod 21:14; Exod 21:33; Exod 21:35; Exod 21:37; Exod 22:4; Exod 22:5 etc., Deut 13:13; Deut 14:24; Deut 15:7; Deut 15:12; Deut 17:2; Deut 18:6; Deut 18:21 etc.; sometimes, in particular, to state a principle broadly, after which special cases are introduced by אִם, as Exod 21:2 when (כִּי) thou buyest a Hebrew servant, he shall serve thee six years, after which vExod 21:3-5 follow four special cases with אִם if: so Exod 21:7 (כי), vExod 21:8-11 (אם); vExod 21:18 (כי), vExod 21:19 (אם); vExod 21:20 (כי), vExod 21:21 (אם); vExod 21:22 f; vExod 21:28-32; Lev 1:2 (כי), vLev 1:3 vLev 1:10 (אם) Lev 4:2; Lev 4:3; Lev 4:13; Lev 4:27; Lev 4:32; Lev 13:2ff. Num 30:3ff. +; though this distinction is not uniformly observed, contrast e.g. Exod 21:5 with Deut 15:16; Num 5:19 and vNum 5:20. —
N.B. with כִּי = when or if, the subject is often prefixed for distinctness and emphasis: 1Kgs 8:37 רָעָב ׳כִּייִֿהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ דֶּבֶר כִּי יִהְיֶה וג, Isa 28:18; Mic 5:4 אַשּׁוּר כִּייָֿבאֹ בְאַרְצֵנוּ, Ps 62:11; Ezek 3:19 (וְאַתָּה), Ezek 14:9; Ezek 14:13; Ezek 18:5; Ezek 18:18; Ezek 18:21; Ezek 33:6 (compare vEzek 33:2); and especially in laws of P, as כִּי ֗֗֗ אָדָם Lev 1:2; Lev 13:2, ... נֶפֶשׁ כִּי Lev 2:1; Lev 4:2; Lev 5:1; Lev 5:4; Lev 5:15, similarly Lev 15:2; Lev 15:16; Lev 15:19; Lev 15:25; Lev 22:12; Lev 22:13; Lev 22:14 etc., rather differently Num 5:20.
  c. when or if, with a concessive force, i.e. though: —
   (a) with imperfect Jer 4:30 (3 t. in verse); Jer 14:12; Jer 49:16 כִּיתַֿגְבִּיהַּ כַּנֶּשֶׁר קִנֶּ֑ךָ though thou make high like the vulture thy nest, I will bring thee down thence, Jer 51:53; Hos 13:15; Zech 8:6; Ps 37:24; Ps 49:19f. though in his lifetime he bless himself ... he shall come, etc., perhaps also Jer 46:23 Ew (but Hi Gf Ke for), Jer 50:11 Ew Ke (Hi yea); and strengthened by גַּם, גַּם כִּי Isa 1:5; Ps 23:4 (compare Dr§ 143);
   (b) with perf. (rare) Mic 7:8 כִּי נָפַלְתִּי קָ֑מְתִּי though I have fallen, I rise, Nah 1:10 (si vera 1.), Ps 21:12 (Hi Ew Now), Ps 119:88 (Ew De).

3. Because, since ὅτι —
  a. Gen 3:14 because thou hast done this, cursed art thou, etc., vGen 3:17; Gen 18:20; Gen 17:20 the cry of Sodom and Gomorrah — because it is great ... (subject prefixed for emphasis: compare 2
N.B.) Isa 28:15 in answer to a question, Gen 27:20; Exod 1:19; Exod 18:15; 2Sam 19:43 +. Enunciating the conditions under which a future action is conceived as possible (German indem) Lev 22:9; Deut 4:29 כי תדרשׁנו, Deut 12:20 (see Dr), vDeut 12:25 vDeut 12:28; Deut 13:19; Deut 14:24; Deut 16:15; Deut 19:6; Deut 19:9 +, 1Kgs 8:35 (compare v1Kgs 8:33 אֲשֶׁר), v1Kgs 8:36 כִּי תוֺרֵם, Prov 4:8b.
  b. more commonly the causal sentence follows, as Gen 2:3 and God blessed the seventh day ׳כִּי בוֺ שָׁבַת וג because on it he rested, etc., Gen 4:25 etc., in which case it may often be rendered for, Gen 2:5; Gen 2:28; Gen 3:20; Gen 5:24; Gen 6:7; Gen 6:12; Gen 6:13; Ps 6:3 heal me כִּי נִבְהֲלוּ עֲצָמָ֑י for my bones are vexed, Ps 10:14; Ps 25:16; Ps 27:10 + very often specifically after verbs expressive of mental emotions, as rejoicing Isa 14:29; Ps 58:11, being angry Gen 31:35; Gen 45:5, fearing Gen 43:18; Ps 49:17 etc. Iron. 1Kgs 18:27 for he is a god etc. (4 t.); Prov 30:4; Job 38:5 כִּי תֵדָ֑ע for or since thou knowest. With subject prefixed Ps 128:2. Repeated (with anacoluthon) Isa 49:19.
  c. the causal relation expressed by כִּי is sometimes subtle, especially in poetry, and not apparent without careful study of a passage. Thus sometimes it justifies a statement or description by pointing to a pregnant fact which involves it, as Isa 3:8a Job 6:21 (ground of the comparison vJob 6:15-20), Job 14:16 (For...: ground of the wishes expressed vJob 14:13-15), Job 16:22 (ground of vJob 16:20f.) Job 30:26 (For ...), or by pointing to a general truth which it exemplifies Job 5:6 (reason why complaining vJob 5:2-5 is foolish), Job 15:34; Job 23:14 sometimes it is explicative, justifying a statement by unfolding the particulars which establish or exemplify it 2Sam 5:7; 2Sam 7:8; Isa 9:4; Isa 10:8-11; Isa 13:10 (development of vIsa 13:9a); Isa 32:6 f. (developing the characters of the נָבָל and כִּילַי, and so explaining why they will no longer be esteemed vIsa 32:5); Job 11:16ff. (explicit of vJob 11:15b), Job 18:8 ff. (justifying vJob 18:7), Job 22:26 ff. (justifying vJob 22:25); elsewhere the cause is expressed indirectly or figuratively Isa 2:6 (reason why invitation vIsa 2:5 is needed), Isa 5:10 (sterility of the soil the cause of the desolation vIsa 5:9), Isa 18:5; Isa 28:8 (proof of the intoxication vIsa 28:7), Isa 31:7 (reason for the exhortation vIsa 31:6: the certainty that the folly of idolatry will soon be recognized), Job 7:21 (for soon it will be too late to pardon), Job 27:8-10 (Job wishes his enemy the lot of the wicked, because this is so hopeless); or כִּי relates not to the see which immediately precedes or follows, but to several, as Isa 7:16f. (Isa 7:17 specially the ground of the people being reduced to simple fare vIsa 7:15), Isa 21:6ff. (ground of the statements vIsa 21:1-5), Job 4:5 (ground of vJob 4:2), Job 14:7-12 (Job 14:10-12 specially the ground for the appeal in vJob 14:6), Job 23:10-13 (ground why God cannot be found vJob 23:8f.), Ps 73:21 (ground not of vPs 73:20, but of the general train of thought vPs 73:2); similarly Gen 4:24; Deut 18:14; Jer 30:11 the reason lies not in the words immediately after כִּי, but in the second part of the sentence; or, on the other hand, it may state the reason for a particular word, Isa 28:20 (justifying 'nought but terror' vIsa 28:19), Job 23:17 (God's hostility vJob 23:16 the cause of his misery, not the calamity as such). Sometimes also כִּי, in a poetic orrhetorical style, gives the reason for a thought not expressed but implied, especially the answer to a question; Isa 28:11 (the mockeries of vIsa 28:10 have a meaning) 'for with men of strange lips, etc. he will speak unto this people,' who will retort the mockeries, charged with a new and terrible meaning, upon those who uttered them (Isa 28:13); = (no,) for Isa 28:28 (see RVm), Job 22:2b no, he that is wise is profitable to himself, Job 31:18; Job 39:14 (see vJob 39:13b), Ps 44:24 (he cannot do this, vPs 44:23) for for thy sake are we killed, etc., Ps 130:4 no, with thee is forgiveness; = (yes,) for Isa 49:25 (see the question vIsa 49:24), Isa 66:8.
  d. כִּי ֗֗֗ כִּי ἀσυνδέτως sometimes introduce the proximate and ultimate cause respectively, Gen 3:19; Gen 26:7; Gen 43:32; Gen 47:20; Exod 23:33 for [else] thou wilt serve their gods, for it will be a snare to thee, Isa 2:6 (twice in verse); Isa 3:8 (twice in verse); Isa 6:5a, b; Isa 10:22f.; Job 6:3f.; Job 8:8; Job 8:9 (twice in verse); Job 24:17 (twice in verse); Job 29:11f.; sometimes they introduce two co-ordinate causes (where we should insert and), Exod 23:21; Exod 23:22; Isa 6:5b,c I am undone, because I am of unclean lips..., because mine eyes have seen ׳י of hosts, Isa 15:5 (twice in verse); Isa 15:6 (twice in verse); Isa 15:8; Isa 15:9; Zeph 3:8f.; Job 15:25; Job 15:27; Job 20:19f.; Job 31:11f. But כִּי ֗֗֗ וְכִי also occurs, Gen 33:11; Num 5:20 (if), Josh 7:15; Judg 6:30; 1Sam 19:4; 1Sam 22:17; 1Kgs 2:26; Isa 65:16 +.
  e. after a negative כִּי for becomes = but (German sondern): Gen 17:15 thou shalt not call her name Sarai, כִּי שָׂרָה שְׁמָהּ for (= but) Sarah shall be her name, Gen 24:3f.; Gen 45:8; Exod 1:19; Exod 16:8 not against us are your murmurings, ׳כי עליֿ for (they are) against ׳י = but against ׳י, Deut 21:17; 1Sam 6:3 (אַל), 1Sam 27:1 (see Dr), 1Kgs 21:17; Isa 10:7; Isa 28:27; Isa 29:23; Isa 30:5; Ps 44:8; Ps 118:17 + often; so in לא כי nay, for = nay, but, as Gen 18:15 לֹא כִּי צָחָֽקְתְּ nay, but thou didst laugh, Gen 19:2; Gen 42:12; Josh 5:14; 1Sam 2:16 MSS ᵐ5 (see Dr), 1Sam 12:12; 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 2:30; 1Kgs 3:22; 1Kgs 11:22; Isa 30:16 nay, but we will flee upon horses.

Note. — כִּי is sometimes of difficult and uncertain interpretation, and in some of the passages quoted a different explanation is tenable. Authorities especially read the Hebrew differently, when the choice is between for and yea. E.g. Isa 8:23 Ges Ew§ 330 b doch (no, but); Hi Di for (taking vIsa 8:22 as RVm); Ch surely: Isa 15:1 Ges Ew Hi Di surely; De for: Isa 39:8 Ges Hi De surely; Di for (explanation of טוֺב): Ezek 11:16 Hi Ke Co surely; Ew Sm because. — In Exod 20:25 the tense of וַתְּחַלֲלֶהָ makes it probably that כֹּי is for (Dr§ 153). Job 22:29 is taken with least violence to usage (גַּאֲוָה) as Hi When they humble thee, and thou sayest (= complainest) Pride! he will save, etc. כִּי אִםֿ (the אִם always followed by makkeph, except Gen 15:4; Num 35:33; Neh 2:2, where כִּיאִֿם is read by the Mass.: FrMM 241) —
1. each particle retaining its independent force, and relating to a different clause:
  a. that if Jer 26:15 after an oath (כִּי not translated: see כִּי 1 c) if 1Sam 14:39; Jer 22:24, surely not (אִם 1 b 2) 2Sam 3:35; 1Sam 25:34 (כִּי being resumptive of the כִּי before לוּלֵי: see כִּי 1 c); Exod 22:22 (in apodosis) indeed if . . . (see כִּי 1 d).
  b. for if Exod 8:17; Exod 9:2; Exod 10:4; +, for though Isa 10:22; Jer 37:20; Amos 5:22, but if Jer 7:5.

2. (About 140 t.) the two particles being closely conjoined, and relating to the same clause —
  a. limiting the preceding clause, except (after a negative, or an oath, or question, the equivalent of a negative) — the most usual term for expressing this idea: followed by verb Gen 32:27 I will not let thee go; כִּי אִםבֵּֿרַכְתָּֽנִי literally but (כִּי 3 e) if thou bless me (that is, I will let thee go), i.e., subordinating the second clause to the first, 'I will not let thee go, except thou bless me;' Lev 22:6 he shall not eat of the holy things כִּי אִםרָֿחַץ except he have washed his flesh, Isa 65:6; Amos 3:7; Ruth 3:18; Lam 5:21f. (Ew Näg Ke Che Öttli), turn thou us unto thee, etc., unless thou have utterly rejected us, (and) art very wroth with us (= Or hast thou utterly rejected us? etc. Ew Öttli); followed by a noun, except, but, Gen 28:17 this is nothing ׳כִּי אִםבֵּֿית הָאֱ but the house of God, Gen 32:9 he withholds from me nothing כִּי אִםאֿוֺתָךְ except thee, Lev 21:2; Num 14:30 (after אִם), Num 26:65 (compare Num 32:12 בִּלְתִּי), Josh 14:4; 1Sam 30:17; 1Sam 30:22; 2Sam 12:3 אֵין כֹּל כִּי אִםֿ (so 2Kgs 4:2), 2Kgs 19:29; 1Kgs 17:1 (after אִם), 1Kgs 22:31; 2Kgs 5:15; 2Kgs 9:35; 2Kgs 13:7; Jer 22:17; Jer 44:14 +; after אַל, 2Chr 23:6 followed by an adverb clause, Gen 42:15; Num 35:33; 2Sam 3:13 (but כִּי אִם and לִפְנֵי are mutually exclusive: read probably with ᵐ5 כִּי אִםהֵֿבֵיאתָ); after an interrogative Isa 42:19 who is blind כִּי אִםעַֿבְדִּי but my servant ? (who is blind in comparison with him ?), Deut 10:12; Mic 6:8; Eccl 5:10; 2Chr 2:5.
  b. the if being neglected, and treated as pleonastic (compare אִם 1 c), so that the clause is no longer a limitation of the preceding clause but a contradiction of it: but rather, but (= a slightly strengthened כִּי), Gen 15:4 this man shall not be thy heir; ׳כִּי אִםאֲֿשֶׁר וג but one that shall come forth from thy own bowels, he shall be thy heir (compare 1Kgs 8:19), 1Kgs 32:29 thy name shall no more be called Jacob כִּי אִםיִֿשְׂרָאֵל but Israel (compare כִּי alone 1Kgs 17:15), 1Kgs 47:18 we will not hide it from my lord, but the money . . . is all made over to, etc., Exod 12:9 not boiled in water, but roast with fire, Deut 7:5; Deut 12:5; Deut 16:6; Josh 23:8; 1Sam 2:15 he will not take of thee boiled flesh כִּי אִםחָֽֿי׃ but raw, 1Sam 8:19 לֹא כִּי אִםמֶֿלֶךְ יִהְיֶה עָלֵינוּ nay, but a king shall be over us (compare כי alone, 1Sam 10:19; 1Sam 12:12), 1Sam 21:5; 2Sam 5:6; 1Kgs 18:18; 2Kgs 10:23 (פֶּן), Isa 33:21; Isa 55:10; Isa 55:11; Isa 59:2; Jer 3:10; Jer 7:32; Jer 9:23; Jer 16:15; Jer 20:3; Jer 44:10; Ps 1:2; Ps 1:4; Prov 23:17 (אַל) Psalm +; with the principal verb repeated (as Gen 15:4; 1Kgs 8:19), Lev 21:14; Ezek 44:22; Num 10:30; 2Kgs 23:23; Jer 39:12 Kt (Qr omit אִם), compare Jer 7:23. Occasionally in colloquial language, the negative, it seems, is left to be understood: 1Sam 26:10 as ׳י liveth, (by no means,) כִּי אִם but ׳י shall smite him, 2Sam 13:33 Kt (by no means,) but Amnon alone is dead (Qr omits אִם). Followed by imperative Isa 65:18; Ezek 12:23; Jer 39:12; 2Chr 25:8. Sometimes also, though rarely (and not certainly), כִּי אִם appears to have the force of only even without a previous negative: Gen 40:14 כִּי אִםזְֿכַרְתָּנִי אִתְּךָ only have (?) me in remembrance with thyself (but read perhaps אַךְ for כִּי; see Dr§ 119 δ n., the use of a bare perfect, without לוּ, or even waw consecutive, to express a wish or command is unexampled), Num 24:22 כִּי אִםֿ יִהְיֶה לְבָעֵר קָֽיִן׃ only, nevertheless, the Kenite shall be for extermination (compare Di), Job 42:8 (De Di) כִּי אִםפָּֿנָיו אֶשָּׂא
  c. after an oath כִּי אִם appears to = a strengthened כִּי (compare בִּלְתִּי אִם, אִם ׃עַד אִם 1 c), introducing the fact sworn to (see כִּי 1 c): 2Kgs 5:20 as ׳י liveth, כִּי אִםרַֿצְתִּי surely I will run (perfect of certitude) after him, etc., Jer 51:14 (Ges Hi Gf RV) surley I will fill thee with men (namely, assailants), etc. (but Ew Ke Ch treat the particles as separate (כִּי as כִּי 1 c): though I have filled thee with men —; i.e. increased thy population, — yet shall they — the assailants — lift up the shout against thee), 2Sam 15:21 Kt (Qr omits אִם); after an assever. particle Ruth 3:12 Kt וְעַתָּה כִּי אָמְנָם כִּי אִם גּוֺאֵל אָנֹכִי and now, yea indeed, surely I am thy kinsman (Qr omits אִם); the oath being understood, Judg 15:7 if ye do thus, כִּי אִםנִֿקַּמְתִּי surely (Ges hercle) I will avenge myself, 1Sam 21:6 כִּי אִםאִֿשָּׁה עֲצֻרָה לָנוּ of a truth women have been kept from us, etc., 1Kgs 20:6 surely tomorrow I will send, etc., Prov 23:18 (see De) surely there is a reward; perhaps also Job 42:8.

BDB3996 H3588 H5921 H3651

BDB3995 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3997

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as, a peculiar phrase found Gen 18:5; Gen 19:8; Gen 33:10; Gen 38:26; Num 10:31; Num 14:43; Judg 6:22; 2Sam 18:20 Qr (rightly), Jer 29:28; Jer 38:4 — literally for therefore, emphasizing the ground pleonastically (Ew§ 353 a ). The original force of the phrase is traceable in some of the passages in which it occurs, as Gen 18:5 let me fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort your heart; כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן עֲבַרְתֶּם עַל עַבְדְּכֶם for therefore (that is, to partake of such hospitality) are ye come to your servant, Num 14:43 the Amalekite and the Canaanite are there, and ye will fall by the sword, כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן שַׁבְתֶּם for therefore (to encounter such a fate) have ye turned back from ׳י etc.: but in process of time the distinct sense of its component parts was no doubt gradually obscured, and it thus came to be used conventionally, as a mere particle of causation, even where there was no preceding statement to which עַל כֵּן therefore could be explicitly referred. אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן appears to be used similarly (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Job 34:27.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

BDB6198 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6200

עַתָּ֫ה435 (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Köii. 260), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
  b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
  c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, vb Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
  d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
  e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
  a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
  b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
  c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
  d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
  e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
  g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr§ 141, 142); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

BDB6202 H3282 H834 H3588

BDB6201 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6203

יַעַן96 properly substantive, purpose, intention, but always used as preposition or conjunction, on account of, because (for יַעֲנֶה, of the form יִצְהָר etc., Sta§ 259 Köii. 403; compare mean, intend): —

1. as preposition, rarely with a substantive, Ezek 5:9 יַעַן תּוֺעֲבוֺתֵיכֶם, Hag 1:9 יַעַן מָה, vHag 1:9 יַעַן בֵּיתִי; with a participle Ezek 36:13 יען אמרים because of men saying to you (but read probablyאָמְרָם, Co Toy Berthol); frequently with infinitive with, 1Kgs 21:20 יַעַן הִתְמַכֶּרְךָ on account of thy having sold thyself, Amos 5:11; Isa 30:12; Isa 37:29 (= 2Kgs 19:28) יַעֵן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אֵלַי, Jer 5:14; Jer 7:13; Jer 23:38; Jer 48:7, and often. (c. 18 t.) in Ezek., as Jer 5:7 (read יַעַן הַמְ˜רֹתְכֶם), Jer 13:8; Jer 13:22; Jer 25:3; Jer 25:6; Jer 25:8; Jer 25:12.

2. As conjunction:
  a. יַעַן אֲשֶׁר (32 t.), usually with perfect, as Gen 22:16 יען אשׁר עשׂית זאת because that thou hast done this, Deut 1:36 (Josh 14:14), Judg 2:20; 1Sam 30:22; 1Kgs 3:11; 1Kgs 8:18; Jer 19:4; Jer 25:8; Jer 29:23 (not Isaiah) +; with imperfect (in frequent. sense) Ezek 44:12.
  b. יַען כִּי, Num 11:20 ׳יַעַן כִּי מְאַסְתֶּם אֶתיֿ, 1Kgs 13:21; 1Kgs 21:29; Isa 3:16; Isa 7:5; Isa 8:6; Isa 29:13.
  c. יַעַן alone (23 t.), with perfect Num 20:12 יַעַן לֹא הֶאֱמַנְתֶּם בִּי, 1Sam 15:23; 1Kgs 14:13; 1Kgs 20:42; 2Kgs 22:19; Hos 8:1; Isa 61:1; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 with imperfect (frequently) Ezek 34:21 of the future Ezek 12:12 because he shall not see, etc., (but ᵐ5 Co Kau Berthol לְמַעַן אשׁר לא יֵרָאֶה לָעַיִן): usually the verb follows immediately, but Ezek. sometimes puts the object first for emphasis, Ezek 5:11 יַעַן אֶתמִֿקְדָּשִׁי טִמֵּאתָ, Ezek 20:16; Ezek 20:24; Ezek 36:6, compare Ezek 34:21.

3. יַעַן וּבְיַעַן, q.d. because and by the cause (that), followed by perhaps, Lev 26:43 (H) יען וביען בְּמִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָ֔סוּ, Ezek 13:10 יַעַן בְּיַעַז followed by infinitive, Ezek 36:3. (In all, reckoning יען (ו)ביען once each, 93 t., of which 20 are in 1-2 Kings, 11 in Jeremiah, 38 in Ezekiel; and only 9 in Genesis—2Samuel.)

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

BDB9639 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9641

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke217, 219, 241 S-CPap. C 6, 7 +; lâinnî, however SocArab. Dial. see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
  a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
  b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.
2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

for, that, because, but, when, …
kî
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
  • that, for, because, when, as though, as, because that, but, then, certainly, except, surely, since
    • that
      • yea, indeed
      when (of time)
      • when, if, though (with a concessive force)
      because, since (causal connection)"but (after negative)"that if, for if, indeed if, for though, but if"but rather, but"except that"only, nevertheless"surely"that is"but if"for though"forasmuch as, for therefore

תַקְרִ֛ב
תַקְרִ֛ב
Root word offer, near, bring, brought, nigh, …
Dictionary form: קָרַב · kaw-RAHB

Verb — Hiphil, Imperfect (Yiqtol), second person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: thou bring
and he brought ×11 to offer ×9 offer ×8 come near ×7 and thou shalt bring ×6 approach ×6 he shall offer ×6 shall bring ×6
More options
approach — Best for drawing near to a person, place, or deity.
draw near — Slightly more formal; good for solemn or liturgical contexts.
bring — Use when the object is presented or carried to another.
present — Ideal for ritual/cultic offering contexts; formal register.
offer — Specifically for sacrificial or dedicatory acts in priestly texts.
come forward — Natural for movement toward a person or assembly.

BDB7558 H7126

BDB7557 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7559

I. [קָרֵב], קָרַב279 verb come near, approach (Late Hebrew approach, be offered; Assyrian ‡arâbu, approach; Arabic , be near, approach; so Ethiopic : Sabean קרב approach a woman (sexually, see 1 a below), DHMHofmus. No.6.1.2., but also generally דֿ רחק וקרב he who is far and he who is near CISiv, no. 95, 7, 8 compare SabDenkmNo. 12, 9, 10; Aramaic קְרֵב, , approach; also, = oblation, Sabean קרבן DHMZMG xxx (1876), 672 Arabic , O Aramaic קרבו, ᵑ7 קוּרְבָּנָא, Syriac ; compare Assyrian kurbannu (כ), DIHWS 351); —

Qal93 Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ק Gen 20:4 +; 3 feminine singular קָרֵ֑בָה Zeph 3:2, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִקְרַב Gen 37:18 + etc.; Imperative masculine singular קְרַב 2Sam 20:16 +, דָמק֫רְבָה Ps 69:19 masculine plural קִרְבוּ Exod 16:9 infinitive absolute קָרוֺב Eccl 4:17 De Siegf Ol§ 249 c Sta§ 642 c Köi. 175; construct קְרֹב Ps 27:2; Ps 32:9, לְקָרְבָה Exod 36:2, etc.; — approach:
1. a. with אֶל person (27 t.) Gen 37:18; Num 18:4; Mal 3:5 (+ לְמִּשְׁפָּט), Jonah 1:6 +; in kindness 1Kgs 2:7, of ׳י to help Ps 69:19 for war, battle, Exod 14:20; Judg 20:24 unto God 1Sam 14:36 (+ הֲלוֺם), Zeph 3:2, ׳י Ezek 44:15; Isa 48:16 approach sexually, of man, Gen 20:4; Isa 8:3; Deut 22:14; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:14; Lev 18:19 (H) Ezek 18:6 of woman Lev 20:16 (אֶל of beast); אֵלֶיךָ ׳ק Isa 65:5 = keep to thyself (|| אַלתִּֿגַּשׁבּֿי); with עַל person, in hostility, Ps 27:2 (+ infinitive purpose), so probably מִקְּרָבלִֿי Ps 55:19 that none may approach me (׳ק infinitive construct, so Che Bae Dr, > noun = battle).
  b. אֶל location Exod 32:19; Deut 2:37; Deut 20:10 Joshua; Prov 5:8 אֶל of thing Josh 3:3; Ezek 42:14; Ezek 44:16; Lev 22:3 (H), Exod 36:2 + 5 t. P; עַלהַֿמִּזְבֵּחַ 2Kgs 16:12 אֶלהַֿמִּלְחָמָה Deut 20:2.
  c. לִפְנֵי person (׳י) Exod 16:9; Lev 16:1; Ps 119:169 (of cry); before men Num 9:6; Josh 17:4.
  d. מוּל of a people Deut 2:19.
  e. ב location Judg 19:13; Ps 91:10 (of evil). feminine ל location Job 33:22 adverb of location הֲלֹם Exod 3:5, הֵ֫נָּה Isa 57:3 (compare g, 2Sam 20:16).
  g. draw near for a purpose, with Infinitive 1Sam 17:48; 2Sam 15:5; Deut 25:11; Exod 12:48; Lev 21:17; Num 17:5; Isa 34:1; Eccl 4:17, + (Infinitive omitted) Lev 21:18 with וֵ subordinate 2Sam 20:16 (+ עַדהֵֿ֫נָּה); with לַמִּשְׁפָּט Isa 41:1 (compare
  a. Mal 3:5); + Imperative Deut 5:24; Josh 10:24; Lev 10:4, + Imperfect Josh 10:24; Lev 10:5
  h. absolute (15 t.) Josh 7:14 (3 t. in verse) (technically of approach to sanctuary, for trial by lot), Isa 5:19 (of ׳י's counsel), Isa 41:5 +, Lam 3:57 (of ׳י, to help); הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳וַחִק 1Kgs 20:29 i.e. the battle was joined; of calamities Ezek 9:1, קִצֵּנוּ ׳ק Lam 4:18.
2. of time, draw near, Gen 27:41; Deut 15:9; Ezek 12:23 specifically לָמות ׳יְמֵי פ ׳ק Gen 47:27; Deut 31:14; 1Kgs 2:1 Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְנִקְרַב אֶלהָֿאֱםהִים Exod 22:7 he shall be brought unto God (at the sanctuary), also (absolute, reflexive) 2 masculine plural consecutive צְנִקְרַבְתֶּם Josh 7:14 (compare Qal h). Pi`el Perfect 1 singular קֵרַכְתִּי Isa 46:13 3 masculine plural קֵרְבוּ Hos 7:6 (see below), Ezek 36:8 imperfect 2 masculine singular וּתְקָרֵב Ps 65:5 1 singular suffix אֲקָֽרְבֶנּוּ Job 31:37 Imperative masculine singular קָרַב Ezek 37:17 masculine plural קָֽרְבוּ Isa 41:21 — cause to approach, bring near:
1. in space, accusative of thing + אֶל Ezek 37:17 = receive, accusative of person Job 31:37 (Thes Du; most approach majestically, march up to), accusative omitted Ps 65:5 רִיבְכֶם ׳ק Isa 41:21 bring on your suit !
2. in time, ׳צִדְקָתִ ׳ק Isa 46:13 (of ׳י), לָבוֺא ׳ק Ezek 36:8 they have brought near to come, brought their coming near, it is at hand (compare Hiph`il Gen 12:11). — Hos 7:6 read בָּעַר for קֵרְבוּ (קִרְבּוֺ RSProph. iv, N.19), compare ᵐ5 Now. Hiph`il177 Perfect 3 masculine singular הִקְרִיב Gen 12:11 +, רִב- Num 7:19 2 masculine singular וְהִקְרַבְ֫תָּ Exod 29:3 +, etc.: Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַקְרִיב Ezek 44:27 +, רִב- Ezek 46:4 וַיַקְרֵב Judg 3:17 +; plural וַנַּקְרֵב Num 31:50. etc.; Imperative masculine singular הַקְרֵב Num 3:6 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הֵקְרֵב Lev 6:7 construct הַקְרִיב Judg 3:18 +, etc.; Participle מַקְרִיב Lev 3:1 +, etc.; —
1. a. bring near, bring, present, with accusative of thing, Judg 5:25 (+ בְּסֵפֶל), compare Exod 29:3 (+ בַּסָּל); tribute Ps 72:10 מִנְחָה Judg 3:17 (+ ל person), vJudg 3:18 compare (ל person) Mal 1:8 ׳שָׂדֶה בְּשָׂדֶה יַק Isa 5:8 i.e. join, incorporate; pregnantly with מִן local 2Kgs 16:14 (see RSSemitic i. 466 ff., 2nd ed. 486 ff.); accusative of case, affair, Deut 1:17 (+ אֶל person), Num 27:5 (+ ׳לִפְנֵי י); with accusative of person: + אֶל person), Num 15:33; Num 25:6; Josh 8:23, + אֶל reflexive Exod 28:1, + אֶת (perp.) reflexive Num 18:2 absolute of person, make an appraoch Exod 14:10.
  b. of time, הִקְרִיב לָבוֺא Gen 12:11 תַּקְרִיב לָלֶדֶת Isa 26:17 וַתַּקְרִיבִי יָמַיִךְ Ezek 22:4.
2. as technical term (c.158 t.) chiefly in Ezekiel HPS, bring near, of presenting, dedicating, or offering to ׳׃י
  a. with accusative of person, (I) Araron and his sons, and Levites, sometimes with אֶל לְפְנֵי, person or location, Exod 29:4; Exod 29:8; Exod 40:12; Exod 40:14; Lev 3:6; Lev 7:35; Lev 8:6; Lev 8:13; Lev 8:24; Num 8:9; Num 8:10; Num 16:5 (twice in verse); Num 16:9; Num 16:10, compare (of princ, subj,. ׳י) Jer 30:21 (2) for selection by Josh 7:16; Josh 7:17 (twice in verse); Josh 7:18; 1Sam 10:20; 1Sam 10:21 (3) for ordeal of מֵי הַמָּרִים Num 5:16,
  b. usually (c. 142 t.) with accusative off offering, with or without further complement (אֶל, לִפְנֵי location ׳לי ׳לִפְנֵי י; rarely אֶל, ל of priest, etc.): (1) animal-offering Lev 3:7; Lev 3:12; Lev 8:18; Lev 8:22 (all + סָמִךְ of offerer), Exod 29:10; Lev 1:15; Lev 4:3; Lev 4:14 +, etc. (2) צֶבַךְ Lev 7:16 עֹלָה Num 29:13; Num 29:36 אִשֶּׁה Lev 3:3; Lev 3:14; Lev 23:8; Lev 23:25 +; (3) blood Lev 1:5 (+ זָרַק), Lev 7:33; Lev 9:9 (4) מִנְחָה Lev 2:8; Lev 6:7; Lev 7:12; Lev 23:16; Lev 6:16; Lev 15:9 לֶחֶם אֱלֹהָיו Lev 21:6; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:17; Lev 21:21, etc.;(5) incense Num 16:35 censer vNum 16:17; Num 17:3; Num 17:4 אֵשׁ זָרָה Lev 10:1; Num 3:4; Num 26:61 (6) especially with accusative of congnate meaning with verb קָרְבָּן Lev 1:2 (twice in verse); Lev 1:14; Lev 2:1; Lev 2:4; Lev 22:18; Num 7:10; Num 7:11; Num 31:50 + (c.33 t.); (7) accusative om, 2Chr 35:12.
  c. make an offering Num 7:2; Num 7:18.

BDB9870 H7126 H7127

BDB9869 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9871

קְרֵב verb approach (see Biblical Hebrew I. קרב); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ק Dan 3:26 (ל location); 1 singular קִרְבַת Dan 7:16 (עַל person); absolute, 3 masculine plural קְרִ֫בוּ Dan 3:8; Dan 6:13 Infinitive suffix כְּמִקְרְבֵהּ Dan 6:21 when he approached, ל location Pa`el offer sacrifice: Imperfect 2 masculine singular תְּקָרֵב Ezra 7:17, with accusative + עַל of altar.
Haph`el 1. = Pa.: with accusative Perfect 3 masculine plural הַקְרִ֫בוּ Ezra 6:17, Participle active מְהַקְבִין vEzra 6:10 (ל of deity).
2. bring near: Perfect suffix הַקְרְבוּהִי Dan 7:13 (קֳדָם of deity).

offer, near, bring, brought, nigh, …
qārab
to approach (causatively, bring near) for whatever purpose
  • to come near, approach, enter into, draw near
    • (Qal) to approach, draw near
      • "(Niphal) to be brought near"(Piel) to cause to approach, bring near, cause to draw near"(Hiphil) to bring near, bring, present

קָרְבַּ֥ן
קָרְבַּ֥ן
Root word offering, oblation, oblations, offered, offerings, …
Dictionary form: קׇרְבָּן · kore-BAWN

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: an oblation
his offering ×23 was the offering ×12 an offering ×5 offering ×5 for his offering ×4 their offering ×4 his oblation ×3 oblation ×3
More options
offering — Most natural modern term; broadly applicable in any context.
sacrifice — Emphasizes ritual cost and dedication to God.
gift — Highlights the voluntary, relational aspect of giving.
tribute — Useful when stressing formal presentation to a superior.
oblation — Formal/liturgical register; retain only in worship texts.
dedication — Stresses the act of setting something apart for God.

BDB7563 H7133

BDB7562 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7564

קָרְבָּן80 noun masculineLev 6:13 offering, oblation (Assyrian kurbannu, id., apparently always with כ DlHWB 351); — absolute ׳ק Lev 1:2 +; construct קָרְבַּן Lev 2:1 +; Sf. קָרְבָּנִי Num 28:2 plural suffix קָרְבְּנֵיהֶם Lev 7:38 — offering, oblation, general term for all kinds of offering (only Ezekiel Leviticus Numbers [H P]): animal Lev 1:2; Lev 1:3; Lev 1:10 +, vegetable Lev 2:1 (twice in verse); Lev 2:5 +, articles of gold Num 31:50, silver Num 7:13 +, etc., as accusative of congnate meaning with verb after הִקְרִיב Lev 1:2 (twice in verse); Lev 3:14; Num 6:14 + (see √ Hiph`il 2 b (5)); cstr מִנְחָה ׳ק Lev 2:1; Lev 2:4; Lev 2:13 רֵאשִׁית ׳ק vLev 2:12 אִשֶּׁה ׳ק Lev 22:27 ׳י ׳ק Num 9:7; Num 9:13 (compareNum 31:50).

BDB7564 H7133

BDB7563 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7565

[קֻרְבָּן] noun [masculine] offering; — construct קֻרְבַּן הָעֵצִים wood-offering for second temple Neh 10:35; Neh 13:31.

offering, oblation, oblations, offered, offerings, …
qorbān
something brought near the altar, i.e., a sacrificial present
  • offering, oblation

מִנְחָ֖ה
מִנְחָ֖ה
Root word offering, present, offerings, gifts, presents, …
Dictionary form: מִנְחָה · min-HAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of a meat offering
for a meat offering ×22 the meat offering ×15 and their meat offering ×12 an offering ×10 and the meat offering ×10 a meat offering ×9 meat offering ×9 and his meat offering ×8
More options
grain offering — Standard modern scholarly/liturgical term; preferred in most contexts.
gift — Broad secular sense; good for non-cultic diplomatic or tribute contexts.
tribute — Use when offering is given to a superior as homage or tax.
present — Relational gift between individuals; less formal than tribute.
offering — Generic cultic term; use when grain type need not be specified.
sacrifice — Reserve for contexts emphasizing devotion; avoid where bloodless rite is key.

BDB4722 H4503

BDB4721 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4723

מִנְחָה153 noun feminine gift, tribute, offering (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician מנחת; ᵑ7 מִנְחָתָא; on Arabic see above); — absolute ׳מ Gen 4:3 + 81 t.; construct מִנְחַת Lev 2:7 + 22 t.; suffix מִנְחָתִי Gen 33:10 + 3 t.; + 41 t. suffixes singular; plural suffix מִנְחֹתֶיךָ Ps 20:4 מִנְחֹתֵיבֶם Num 29:39; Amos 5:22 —

1. gift, present Gen 32:14; 32:19; 32:21; Gen 32:22 (E), Gen 33:10; Gen 43:11; Gen 43:15; Gen 43:25; Gen 43:26 (J), Judg 6:18; 1Sam 10:27; 1Kgs 10:25 = 2Chr 9:24; 2Kgs 8:8; 2Kgs 8:9; 2Kgs 20:12 = Isa 39:1; Ps 45:13; 2Chr 32:23.
2. tribute Judg 3:15; Judg 3:17; Judg 3:18 (twice in verse); 2Sam 8:2; 2Sam 8:6 = 1Chr 18:2 18:6, 1Kgs 5:1; 2Kgs 17:3; 2Kgs 17:4; 2Chr 17:5; 2Chr 17:11; 2Chr 26:8; Hos 10:6; Ps 72:10.
3. offering made to God, of any kind, whether grain or animals Gen 4:3; Gen 4:4; Gen 4:5; Num 16:15 (J), 1Sam 2:17; 1Sam 2:29; 1Sam 26:19; Isa 1:13; Ps 96:8; Zeph 3:10 + (probably) (לַ)עֲלוֺת הַ֫מִּנְחָה 1Kgs 18:29; 1Kgs 18:36; 2Kgs 3:20 (Ehpraimitic source; usually regarded as = מִנְחַת עֶרֶב, but that much later usage). This general meaning possibly an also in following; זבח ומנחה 1Sam 2:29 (see v1Sam 2:29 b), 1Sam 3:14; Isa 19:21 עלה ומנחה Jer 14:12 || עולה Ps 20:4 || שֶׁלֶם Amos 5:22 (עֹלוֺת gloss, to explain אָרִיחַ); or these may shew early stage of discrimination.
4. grain offering (whether raw, roasted, ground to flour, or prepared as bread or cakes, see below. AV meat offering, misleading < RV meal-offering. GFMJudg 3:22 renders cereal oblation); — יָבִיאוּ אֶתהַֿמִּנְחָה בִּכְלִי טָהוֺר Isa 66:20 they bring the grain offering in clean vessels (restored Jews are brought as such an offering), compare מנחה טהורה Mal 1:11 brought in hands Jer 41:5 (late addition Co); received from hands Mal 1:10 חִטִּים למנחה 1Chr 21:23 wheat for grain offering; סֹלֶת 1Chr 23:29, mixed with oil Ezek 46:14, baked vEzek 46:20 distinguished from other offerings 1Kgs 8:64 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 7:7; 2Kgs 16:13; 2Kgs 16:15 (3 t. in verse); Isa 43:23; Isa 57:6; Isa 66:3; Jer 17:26; Jer 33:18; Jer 41:5 (late editors Co), Ezek 42:13; Ezek 44:29; Ezek 45:15; Ezek 45:17 (twice in verse); Ezek 45:25; Dan 9:27; Ps 40:7 used alone Neh 13:5; Neh 13:9; Ezek 45:24; Ezek 46:5 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:7; Ezek 46:11; Ezek 46:14 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:15; Mal 1:13; Mal 2:12; Mal 2:13; Mal 3:3; Mal 3:4; Judg 13:19; Judg 13:23 (R, GFMJud 322); (הָ) עֶרֶב מִנְחַת evening grain offering 2Kgs 16:15; Ezra 9:4; Ezra 9:5; Dan 9:21; Ps 141:2 מִנְחַת הַתָּמִיד continual grain off. Neh 10:34, compare Lev 6:13; Num 4:16 (all cases under 4 exilic or post-exilic).
5. grain-offering, always with this meaning in P, in classifications Exod 30:9; Exod 40:29; Lev 7:37; Lev 23:37; Num 18:9; Num 29:39 —
  a. אָבִיב grain in the ear parched with fire, with oil and frankincense Lev 2:14; Lev 2:15.
  b. סֹלֶת fine flour with oil and frankincense Lev 2:1; Lev 6:7 elsewhere בְּלוּלָה בַּשֶּׁמֶן mingled with oil Lev 14:10; Lev 14:21; Lev 23:13; Num 7:13 + 10 t. Num 8:8; Num 15:4; Num 15:6; Num 15:9; Num 28:5 + 6 t. Num 29:3; Num 29:9; Num 29:14, except sin offering of very poor where offered without oil and frankincense Lev 5:11-13.
  c. סֹלֶת baked in an oven as חַלּוֺת perforated cakes, or רְקִיקִים flat cakes Lev 2:4; Lev 7:9; Num 6:15, על הַמַּחֲבַת on a flat pan Lev 2:5; Lev 6:14; Lev 7:9, or מַרְחֶשֶׁת frying pan Lev 2:7; Lev 7:9. All these always unleavened (מַצּוֺת) and mixed with oil and salt Lev 2:11-13.
  d. at Pentecost to consecrate new bread, מִנְחָה חֲדָשָׁה new grain offering of two loaves of leavened bread Lev 23:16; Lev 23:17; Num 28:26
  e. barley meal without oil or incense; מִנְחַת קְנָאֹת grain offering of jealousy, זִכָּרוֺן ׳מ Num 5:15; Num 5:18; Num 5:25. compare phrases מִנְחַת הַבֹּקֶר morning oblation Exod 29:41; Num 28:8 ׳קָרְבַּן מ Lev 2:1; Lev 2:4; Lev 2:13 בִּכּוּרִים ׳מ Lev 2:14 פִּתִּים ׳מ Lev 6:14.
6. verbs of offering are הֵבִיא Gen 4:3 (J), Lev 2:2; Lev 2:8 (P), Isa 1:13; Isa 66:20 (twice in verse); Jer 17:26; Mal 1:13 הִקְרִיב Lev 2:1; Lev 2:8; Lev 2:11; Lev 6:7; Num 5:25 עשׂה Num 6:17; Num 28:31; 1Kgs 8:64 = 2Chr 7:7; Ezek 45:24; Ezek 46:7; Ezek 46:14; Ezek 46:15 הקטיר 2Kgs 16:13; 2Kgs 16:15; Jer 33:18 העלה Isa 57:6; Isa 66:3; Jer 14:12 הגישׁ Amos 5:25; Mal 2:12; Mal 3:3 הוביל Zeph 3:10 נשׂא Ps 96:8, also (׳מ = tribute) 2Sam 8:2; 2Sam 8:6 and ||.

מְנֻחָה see מְנוּחָה below נוח. מְנַחֵם see נחם.

מָנַ֫חַת, מְנֻחוֺת, מָנַחְתִּי see נוח.

מְנִי see מנה.

BDB9675 H4503 H4504

BDB9674 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9676

מִנְחָה noun feminine gift, offering (Biblical Hebrew id., √ מנח); —

1. oblation, to God's representative, absolute ׳מ Dan 2:46.
2. techn. meal-offering, plural suffix מִנְחָֽתְהוֺן Ezra 7:17.

מִנְיָן see מנה. above

offering, present, offerings, gifts, presents, …
minḥâ
a donation; euphemistically, tribute; specifically a sacrificial offering (usually bloodless and voluntary)
  • gift, tribute, offering, present, oblation, sacrifice, meat offering
    • gift, present
      • "tribute"offering (to God)"grain offering

מַֽאֲפֵ֣ה
מַֽאֲפֵ֣ה
Root word baken
Dictionary form: מַאֲפֶה · ma-uh-PEH

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: baken
baken ×1
More options
baked goods — Broad, natural term for any baked food items.
baked product — Slightly more formal; good for culinary or ritual contexts.
baked offering — Prefer when the item is presented in a sacrificial context.
baked food — Simple and direct; works well in everyday narrative passages.

BDB658 H3989

BDB657 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB659

מַאֲפֶה noun [masculine] thing baked, construct מִנְחָה מַאֲפֵה תַנּוּר Lev 2:4.

baken
maʾăpe
something baked, i.e., a batch
  • baked, thing baked

תַנּ֑וּר
תַנּ֑וּר
Root word oven, furnace, furnaces, ovens
Dictionary form: תַּנּוּר · tahn-NOOR

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: in the oven
as an oven ×2 in the oven ×2 like an oven ×2 of the furnaces ×2 oven ×2 an oven ×1 and his furnace ×1 and into thine ovens ×1
More options
oven — Best default choice; domestic baking context.
furnace — Prefer for intense heat or judgment imagery.
kiln — Good when fired clay or pottery context is implied.
bread oven — Clarifies domestic use when context is ambiguous.
fire pot — Vivid option for poetic or metaphorical passages.
hearth — Use when emphasizing warmth or household setting.

BDB9208 H8574

BDB9207 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9209

תַּנּוּר noun masculineLev 26:26 portable stove or fire-pot (loan-word from Assyrian tinûru, id., according to DHMVOJ i. 23 (otherwise DvorakZK i. 155 ff.); ׳ת, a large earthen jar, still in Syria, WetzstVerhandl. d. Berl. Anthrop. Gesell., 1882, 467 WhitehouseHeb.Antiq.7,3 ARSKEB l. 605; Arabic is loan-word from Aramaic תַּנּוּרָא, , and this from Persian tanûra, according to Frä26); — ׳ת absolute Hos 7:4 +, construct Gen 15:17; Ps 21:10 plural תַּנּוּרִים Neh 3:11; Neh 12:38 — fire-pot, for baking (אָפָה) Hos 7:4 (read ׳בֹּעֵר הֵ֑ם אֹפֵהוּ וגו ׳ת, OortTh. Tijdschr. 1890, 480 ff. AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 88), compare vHos 7:6 vHos 7:7 (all in simile), Exod 7:28 (J), Lev 2:4; Lev 7:9; Lev 26:26 (P), also (breakable) Lev 11:35 עָשָׁן ׳ת Gen 15:17 (JE) in vision, symbol of ׳י's presence, compare Isa 31:9 (|| אוּר); simile of heat Lam 5:10, of judgment Mal 3:19, and so אֵשׁ ׳ת Ps 21:10 מִגְדַּל הַתַּנּוּרִים Neh 3:11; Neh 12:38 a tower on wall of Jerusalem

[תַּנְחוּם], תַּנְחוּמוֺת, תַּנְחֻ֫מֶת see [נחם].

oven, furnace, furnaces, ovens
tannûr
a fire-pot
  • furnace, oven, fire-pot, (portable) stove
    • for cooking
      • "of God's wrath, His furnace (figuratively)"of hunger, desire for evil"fire-pot

סֹ֣לֶת
סֹ֣לֶת
Root word flour, fine
Dictionary form: סֹלֶת · soh-LET

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of fine flour
of fine flour ×28 of flour ×10 shall be of flour ×4 fine flour ×2 of the flour ×2 and for the fine flour ×1 and the fine flour ×1 even fine flour ×1
More options
fine flour — Most precise; best for cultic/offering contexts.
wheat flour — Clarifies grain source; good for general narrative.
choice flour — Emphasizes quality and selectness of the grain.
refined flour — Highlights the sifting/processing; modern culinary register.
premium flour — Accessible contemporary term; conveys high grade.

BDB5628 H5560

BDB5627 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5629

סֹ֫לֶת53 noun feminineLev 2:5 (compare on gender AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 106) fine flour (ᵐ5 σεμίδαλις, ᵑ9 simila) (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic סוּלְתָּא; Arabic a kind of barley without husks Lane1401; Assyrian sillatu, or šillatu, a kind of grain (?) Meissner-RostBAS iii, 361; also ¾ul¾a, ¾uruti, flour, as loan-word in Egyptian, Bondi84 WMMAs.u.Eur.101); — absolute ׳ס Gen 18:6 +, construct ׳ס Exod 29:9 +; suffix סָלְתָּהּ Lev 2:2 — fine flour, used in king's household 1Kgs 5:2 (|| קֵמַח), for honoured guests ׳קֶמַח ס Gen 18:6 (J), a se'ah of it sold for a shekel in time of scarcity 2Kgs 7:1; 2Kgs 7:16; 2Kgs 7:18 (see Benz); luxurious food Ezek 16:13; Ezek 16:19 (of Jerusalem under figure of woman); elsewhere only in offerings Ezek 46:14; 1Chr 9:29; 1Chr 23:29, and P; חִטִּים ׳ס Exod 29:2, ׳ס vExod 29:40, Lev 2:1 + 13 t. Leviticus; Num 6:15 + 26 t. Numbers.

סַם see סמם.

flour, fine
sōlet
flour (as chipped off)
  • fine flour

חַלּ֤וֹת
חַלּ֤וֹת
Root word cake, cakes
Dictionary form: חַלָּה · hahl-LAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: cakes
cake ×6 cakes ×4 and cakes ×2 a cake ×1 the cakes ×1
More options
loaf — General bread-loaf shape; widely understood in modern English.
bread cake — Clarifies it is a baked good, not a sweet dessert cake.
round cake — Emphasizes the typical disc or round shape of the offering.
ritual loaf — Best when context is cultic or sacrificial offering.
flat cake — Highlights unleavened, thin form common in priestly texts.

BDB2779 H2471

BDB2778 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2780

חַלָּה noun feminine a kind of cake (probably as perforated, see Di Lev 2:4) — ׳ח absolute Num 15:20; Lev 24:5 construct חַלַּת Exod 29:23 + 4 t.; plural חַלּוֺת Lev 2:4 + 2 t.; חַלֹּת Exod 29:2 + 3 t. — used in offerings:

1. at the sacrif. of David on removal of ark, given to each person as part of peace-offering 2Sam 6:19.
2. elsewhere only P (H Lev 24:5 (twice in verse)):
  a. of the 12 cakes of the table of the holy place, made of סלת Lev 24:5 (twice in verse).
  b. made of ראשׁית ערסת as an offering of first-fruits Num 15:20.
  c. of לחם שׁמן, to be burnt with the עוֺלָה Exod 29:23 = Lev 8:26.
  d. of מַצָּה burnt on the altar with
  c. Lev 8:26, but usually to be eaten by participants in the several forms of peace- offering Num 6:19, and such mingled with oil Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4; Lev 7:12 (twice in verse); Num 6:15.
  e. לחם חמץ ׳ח to be used by the offerer in connection with the unleavened cakes of
  d. Lev 7:13.

cake, cakes
ḥallâ
a cake (as usually punctured)
  • cake, cake (if pierced) (probably perforated)

מַצֹּת֙
מַצֹּת֙
Root word bread, unleavened, cakes, leaven
Dictionary form: מַצָּה · mahts-SAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: it shall be unleavened
of unleavened bread ×14 unleavened bread ×13 unleavened ×8 and the unleavened cakes ×3 and unleavened ×2 of the unleavened bread ×2 and for the unleavened ×1 and unleavened bread ×1
More options
unleavened bread — Most direct modern equivalent; preferred in narrative and legal contexts.
flatbread — Accessible, food-focused term; good for general audiences.
unleavened loaf — Emphasizes a single discrete piece rather than the category.
unleavened cake — Suits offering or ritual contexts where small portions are specified.
bread without yeast — Explanatory paraphrase; ideal for first-time or children's readers.

BDB4783 H4682

BDB4782 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4784

I. מַצָּה noun feminine unleavened bread, or cake(s); — absolute ׳מ Lev 2:5; Lev 8:26 (אַחַת ׳חַלַּת מ), Num 6:19 (id.), vNum 6:19 usually plural מַצּוֺת Exod 12:15 + 44 t.; מַצֹּת Exod 12:18 + 3 t; — unleavened bread, prepared in form of לֶחֶם Exod 29:2 חַלָּה Exod 29:2 + 4 t. P; רקיקים Exod 29:2; 1Chr 23:29 + 4 t. P; עגּה Exod 12:39 used at ordinary meals (prepared hastily): ׳אפה מ Gen 19:3 (J), Exod 12:39 (J), 1Sam 28:24 probably also Judg 6:19; Judg 6:20; Judg 6:21 (twice in verse); elsewhere at sacrificial meals, e.g. ritual peace-offerings Lev 2:4 (twice in verse); Lev 2:5; Lev 6:9; Lev 7:12 (twice in verse); Lev 10:12 consecration of priesthood Exod 29:2 (3 t. in verse); Exod 29:23; Lev 8:2; Lev 8:26; Lev 8:26 at peace-offering of Nazirite Num 6:15 (twice in verse); Num 6:17; Num 6:19 (twice in verse); at Passover Exod 12:8; Num 9:11 (all P); especially at feast of unleavened bread [cakes] for 7 days after Passover ׳שׁמר חג המ Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 34:18 (J); ׳שׁסר מ Exod 12:17 (P), עשׂה ׳חג (ה)מ 2Chr 30:13; 2Chr 30:21; 2Chr 35:17; Ezra 6:22 ׳בחג המ Deut 16:16; 2Chr 8:13 ׳לי ׳חג המ Lev 23:6. During these seven days all Israel ate מצות Exod 12:15; Exod 12:18; Exod 12:20 (P), Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 13:6; Exod 13:7; Exod 34:18 (J), Lev 23:6; Num 28:17 (P), Deut 16:3; Deut 16:8; Josh 5:11; Ezek 45:21. — 2Kgs 23:9 read probably מִצְוֺת or מִנָיוֺת for ᵑ0 ׳מ (אכל); so Gei Kue Kmp Bu.

[מָצֻק] see מָצוּק below II. צוק

[מְצֻקָה] see מצוּקָה below I. צוק

[מֻצֶ֫קֶת] see ׳מוּצ below יצק. מֵצַר see I. צרר.

bread, unleavened, cakes, leaven
maṣṣâ
properly, sweetness; concretely, sweet (i.e., not soured or bittered with yeast); specifically, an unfermented cake or loaf, or (elliptically) the festival of Passover (because no leaven was then used)
  • unleavened (bread, cake), without leaven.

בְּלוּלֹ֣ת
בְּלוּלֹ֣ת
Root word mingled, confound, anointed, mixed, provender, …
Dictionary form: בָּלַל · baw-LAHL

Verb — Qal, Participle Passive, feminine plural, absolute state simple action — "he did" a settled state — try "___ed"

In the KJV here: mingled
mingled ×37 and confound ×1 and gave provender ×1 confound ×1 hath mixed himself ×1 i shall be anointed ×1 tempered ×1
More options
mix — Broadest, most neutral modern equivalent; preferred for culinary/ritual contexts.
blend — Slightly more thorough mixing; good for ingredients or materials.
mingle — Modernized KJV form; suits mixing of peoples or substances.
confuse — Best for the Tower of Babel 'confound' sense (Gen 11).
anoint — Use only when the sense is applying oil to a surface.
feed — Narrow use only; for giving mixed fodder/provender to animals.

BDB1138 H1101

BDB1137 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1139

I. בָּלַל verb mingle, mix, confuse, confound (Arabic moisten (with water), compare moisture, Assyrian balâlu, DlPr 70; compare Phoenician בלל name of a sacrifice, & Late Hebrew בִּלְבֵּל; Aramaic בַּלְבֵּל, ) —

Qal Perfect בָּלַל Gen 11:9, ַ™בּלֹּתִָּֽי Ps 92:11 (but compare below); Imperfect 1 plural נָָֽבְלָה = נָכֹ֫לָּה Gen 11:7, compare Köi. 325; Participle passive בָּלוּל Exod 29:40 + 3 t., בְּלוּלָה Lev 2:5 + 28 t., בְּלוּלֹת Exod 29:2 + 4 t.; —
1. mingle, confuse (object שָׂפָה = speech, language, q. v.) Gen 11:7; Gen 11:9 (J).
2. mix (cakes or flour, etc. always with oil) technical term of sacrifice, only P (H Lev 23:13), compare Di on Lev 2:4 usually as מנחה, ׳בַּשֶּׁמֶן ׳סֹלֶת בּ Exod 29:40; Lev 2:5; Lev 14:10; Lev 14:21; Lev 23:13; Num 7:13; Num 7:19; Num 7:25; Num 7:31; Num 7:37; Num 7:43; Num 7:49; Num 7:55; Num 7:61; Num 7:67; Num 7:73; Num 7:79; Num 8:8; Num 15:4; Num 15:6; Num 15:9; Num 28:5; Num 28:9; Num 28:12 (twice in verse); Num 28:13; Num 28:20; Num 28:28; Num 29:3; Num 23:9; Num 23:14, ׳בשׁ ׳מנחה ב Lev 7:10 (opposed to חֲרֵבָה) Lev 9:4, ׳בשׁ ׳חַלּוֺת מַצּוֺת ב Exod 29:2; Lev 7:12 (twice in verse), i.e. made by mixing with oil; סלת ׳בשׁ ׳חלות מצות ב Lev 2:4, ׳בשׁ ׳סלת חלות ב Num 6:15, i.e. fine flour (in the form) of cakes so made. ַ™בּלֹּתִָּֽי בְּשֶׁמֶן רַעֲנָן Ps 92:11 I shall be (am) anointed with fresh oil AV RV; verb not elsewhere in this sense; ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Hup Che read בְּלֹתִי from בלה, infinitive construct suffix, abstract for concrete, my wasting = my wasting strength, of declining age; Israel under figure of old man; this however is not favoured by context. The passage is therefore doubtful. Hithpo`el Imperfect יִתְבּוֺלָ֑ל Hos 7:8 ׳אפרים בעמים הוא י Ephraim, among the peoples doth he mix himself; but Ew Now derive here from בלל = בלה (or נבל) waste away, compare Hiph`il Hiph`il Imperfect וַנָּ֫בֶל Isa 64:5 and we faded away, but read perhaps וַנִּכֹּל from נבל compare Di (De, less probably, derives from בלל — compare Ew Now Hos 7:8 — or בול = נבל).

BDB1140 H1101

BDB1139 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1141

II. [בָּלַל] verb denominative to give provender —

Qal Imperfect וַיָּ֑בָל Judg 19:21 Qr (Kt ויבול) followed by לְ give provender to the asses.

mingled, confound, anointed, mixed, provender, …
bālal
to overflow (specifically with oil.); by implication, to mix; to fodder
  • to mix, mingle, confuse, confound
    • (Qal)
      • to mingle, confuse
        • "to mix"to give provender, feed (animals)
      (Hithpoel) to mix oneself (among others)"(Hiphil) to fade away

בַּ שֶּׁ֔מֶן
בַּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)
שֶּׁ֔מֶן
Root word oil, ointment, olive, ointments, oiled, …
Dictionary form: שֶׁמֶן · sheh-MEN

בַּ
Hidden "the" בַּ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "in the ___".

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: with oil
with oil ×42 oil ×39 of oil ×28 and oil ×13 the oil ×11 ointment ×6 and the oil ×4 and of oil ×3
More options
oil — Most common rendering; suits nearly every context.
olive oil — Clarifies source when commodity or culinary context is key.
ointment — Better for ritual or medicinal application on skin.
anointing oil — Prefer in priestly, consecration, or sacred-use contexts.
fat — Captures richness or abundance in figurative/poetic passages.
fatness — Poetic; conveys fertility or blessing of the land.

BDB8810 H8081

BDB8809 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8811

שֶׁ֫מֶן192 noun masculine 2Kgs 20:13 (on apparently feminine Song 1:3 compare AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 99, 106) fat, oil; — ׳שׁ absolute Gen 28:28 +, construct Lev 8:2 +; ׳שָׁ֑ 2Kgs 4:6 +; suffix שַׁמְנִי Hos 2:7 +, etc.; plural שְׁמָנִים Amos 6:6 +; suffix שְׁמָנֶיךָ Song 1:3, נַיִח- Song 4:10 —

1. fat, fatness: ׳קֶרֶן בֶּןשֿׁ Isa 5:1 (of fertile slope); plural גֵּיאשְֿׁמָנִים Isa 28:1; Isa 28:4 of food (in figurative) Isa 25:6 (twice in verse); literal כְּשָׂרִי כָּחַשׁ מִשָּׁ֑מֶן Ps 109:24 (compare צוֺם va), compare ׳מִפְּנֵי שׁ Isa 10:27 (in figurative, si vera lectio, meaning obscure; most now emend by conjecture; RSJPH xili (1885), 62 עָלָה מִצָּפוֺן שֹׁרֵד [see also II. חבל], joining to vIsa 10:28 Du Marti has gone up from Pene-Rimmon [??], compare Di-Kit).
2. a. oil, specifically olive-oil, as rich product Deut 8:8 + (see זַיִת); hence ׳עֵץ שׁ Isa 41:19 oil-tree, usually explained as wild olive, oleaster, so Neh 8:15 (|| וַיִת), ׳עֲצֵי שׁ oleaster-wood 1Kgs 6:23; 1Kgs 6:31; 1Kgs 6:32; 1Kgs 6:33 once הַמֹּר ׳שׁ Esth 2:2 (see מֹר p. 600:b; ׳מ also in holy anointing oil Exod 30:23).
  b. ׳שׁ as staple (codiment) Num 11:8 (J; see לשׁד), of value 1Kgs 17:12; 1Kgs 17:14; 1Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 2:4; 2Kgs 2:6; 2Kgs 2:7 + 4 t.; symbol of plenty Deut 32:13; Deut 33:24; Job 29:6 ascribed (fassely) to gift of Baals Hos 2:7 as royal treasure 2Kgs 20:13 = Isa 39:2, compare 1Kgs 5:25 (כָּ תִית ׳שׁ, see ׳כ) = 2Chr 2:9; 2Chr 2:14 + 3 t.; tribute Hos 12:2, article of trade Ezek 27:17 odoriferous Prov 27:9; Song 1:3; Song 4:10, רוֺקֵחַ ׳שׁ Eccl 10:1, so (figurative) Song 1:3; Eccl 7:1; Prov 27:16 is corrupt, see Toy; sign of luxury Ezek 16:13; Prov 21:17, of prosperity Ezek 16:20.
  c. ׳שׁ as medicament Isa 1:6 as unguent, for shield 2Sam 1:21, person Amos 6:6; Mic 6:15; Deut 28:40; Ezek 16:9 Esther; Ps 92:11; Ps 104:15, not for mourner 2Sam 14:2 on head token of happiness Eccl 9:8, of hospitality, ראֹשִׁי ׳דִּפַּנְתָּ בַּפֹּ Ps 23:5 (figurative), in simile Ps 133:2; Ps 141:5.
  d. for anointing king, ׳פַּח הַשּׂ 1Sam 10:1; 2Kgs 9:1; 2Kgs 9:3, compare v2Kgs 9:6, with קֶרֶן 1Sam 16:1; 1Sam 16:13; 1Kgs 1:39 compare קָדְשִׁי מְשַׁחְתִּיו ׳בְּשׁ Ps 89:21.
  e. in various figs., of joy שָׂשׂוֺן ׳שׁ Isa 61:3; Ps 45:8 soft words Ps 55:22; Prov 5:3 as penetrating Prov 109:18 as clear, transparent Ezek 32:14. feminine used in primitive worship, poured on stone Gen 28:18 (E), Gen 35:14 (J).
  g. in later ritual: for anointing priests, tabernacle, altar utensils, etc. (P), made of various ingred., וַיִת ׳שׁ among them, Exod 30:24, הַמִּשְׁתָה ׳שׁ Exod 25:6; Lev 8:2; Lev 8:10; Lev 8:12 + 11 t.; מִשְׁחַתקֹֿדֶשׁ ׳שׁ Exod 30:25 (twice in verse) + 2 t.; ׳י ׳מ ׳שׁ Lev 10:7, אֱםהָיו ׳מ ׳שׁ Lev 21:12 ׳הקּ ׳שׁ Num 35:25 ׳שׁ alone Lev 14:10 + 12 t. Lev 14 for lighting Exod 25:6 + 6 t. + זַיִת זָח כָּ חִית ׳שׁ Exod 27:20; Lev 24:2 (see כָּ תִית); poured upon מִנְחָה Lev 2:1 + 5 t., compare Lev 5:11; Num 5:15 smeared (see מָשַׁח) upon wafers Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4 +, and cakes (or mixed in the making? compare בָּלַל) Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4; Lev 2:5 +, so ׳סֹלֶת בַּשׁ Lev 2:7 etc. (c. 45 t. in all), ׳חַלַּת לֶחֶם שׁ Exod 29:23; Lev 8:26.
  h. for use in temple 1Chr 9:29.
  i. for תְּרוּמָה in Ezekiel's temple Ezek 45:14 (twice in verse) + 7 t. 45, 46.
  j. efficacy denied Mic 6:7
  k. offered to idols Isa 57:9; Ezek 16:18; Ezek 16:19; Ezek 23:41. — See MacalisterHast. DB OIL ARSKEncy. Bib. OIL.

oil, ointment, olive, ointments, oiled, …
šemen
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
  • fat, oil
    • fat, fatness
      • "oil, olive oil
      • as staple, medicament or unguent
        • "for anointing
      fat (of fruitful land, valleys) (metaphorically)

וּ רְקִיקֵ֥י
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
רְקִיקֵ֥י
Root word wafers, wafer, cakes
Dictionary form: רָקִיק · raw-KEEK

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: wafers
wafer ×3 and wafers ×2 wafers ×2 cakes ×1
More options
wafer — Closest modern equivalent; thin, crisp ritual bread.
thin cake — Emphasizes flat, unleavened form; good for narrative prose.
flatbread — Broadly understood modern term for unleavened flat loaves.
cracker — Highlights crisp, dry texture; accessible to general readers.
unleavened disk — Technical/liturgical contexts needing precision about leavening.

BDB8114 H7550

BDB8113 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8115

רָקִיק noun masculine a thin cake, (RV) wafer (compare Arabic a thin round cake of bread), always of unleavened bread: Exod 29:23 = Lev 8:26 אֶחָד ׳ר, רְקִיק מַצָּה אֶחָד Num 6:19, רְקִיקֵי מַצּוֺת Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4; Lev 7:12; Num 6:15 (all P), 1Chr 23:29. — ᵐ5 λάγανον.

wafers, wafer, cakes
rāqîq
a thin cake
  • thin cake, wafer

מַצּ֖וֹת
מַצּ֖וֹת
Root word bread, unleavened, cakes, leaven
Dictionary form: מַצָּה · mahts-SAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: or unleavened
of unleavened bread ×14 unleavened bread ×13 unleavened ×8 and the unleavened cakes ×3 and unleavened ×2 of the unleavened bread ×2 and for the unleavened ×1 and unleavened bread ×1
More options
unleavened bread — Most direct modern equivalent; preferred in narrative and legal contexts.
flatbread — Accessible, food-focused term; good for general audiences.
unleavened loaf — Emphasizes a single discrete piece rather than the category.
unleavened cake — Suits offering or ritual contexts where small portions are specified.
bread without yeast — Explanatory paraphrase; ideal for first-time or children's readers.

BDB4783 H4682

BDB4782 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4784

I. מַצָּה noun feminine unleavened bread, or cake(s); — absolute ׳מ Lev 2:5; Lev 8:26 (אַחַת ׳חַלַּת מ), Num 6:19 (id.), vNum 6:19 usually plural מַצּוֺת Exod 12:15 + 44 t.; מַצֹּת Exod 12:18 + 3 t; — unleavened bread, prepared in form of לֶחֶם Exod 29:2 חַלָּה Exod 29:2 + 4 t. P; רקיקים Exod 29:2; 1Chr 23:29 + 4 t. P; עגּה Exod 12:39 used at ordinary meals (prepared hastily): ׳אפה מ Gen 19:3 (J), Exod 12:39 (J), 1Sam 28:24 probably also Judg 6:19; Judg 6:20; Judg 6:21 (twice in verse); elsewhere at sacrificial meals, e.g. ritual peace-offerings Lev 2:4 (twice in verse); Lev 2:5; Lev 6:9; Lev 7:12 (twice in verse); Lev 10:12 consecration of priesthood Exod 29:2 (3 t. in verse); Exod 29:23; Lev 8:2; Lev 8:26; Lev 8:26 at peace-offering of Nazirite Num 6:15 (twice in verse); Num 6:17; Num 6:19 (twice in verse); at Passover Exod 12:8; Num 9:11 (all P); especially at feast of unleavened bread [cakes] for 7 days after Passover ׳שׁמר חג המ Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 34:18 (J); ׳שׁסר מ Exod 12:17 (P), עשׂה ׳חג (ה)מ 2Chr 30:13; 2Chr 30:21; 2Chr 35:17; Ezra 6:22 ׳בחג המ Deut 16:16; 2Chr 8:13 ׳לי ׳חג המ Lev 23:6. During these seven days all Israel ate מצות Exod 12:15; Exod 12:18; Exod 12:20 (P), Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 13:6; Exod 13:7; Exod 34:18 (J), Lev 23:6; Num 28:17 (P), Deut 16:3; Deut 16:8; Josh 5:11; Ezek 45:21. — 2Kgs 23:9 read probably מִצְוֺת or מִנָיוֺת for ᵑ0 ׳מ (אכל); so Gei Kue Kmp Bu.

[מָצֻק] see מָצוּק below II. צוק

[מְצֻקָה] see מצוּקָה below I. צוק

[מֻצֶ֫קֶת] see ׳מוּצ below יצק. מֵצַר see I. צרר.

bread, unleavened, cakes, leaven
maṣṣâ
properly, sweetness; concretely, sweet (i.e., not soured or bittered with yeast); specifically, an unfermented cake or loaf, or (elliptically) the festival of Passover (because no leaven was then used)
  • unleavened (bread, cake), without leaven.

מְשֻׁחִ֥ים
מְשֻׁחִ֥ים
Root word anointed, anoint, anointedst, painted
Dictionary form: מָשַׁח · maw-SHA

Verb — Qal, Participle Passive, masculine plural, absolute state simple action — "he did" a settled state — try "___ed"

In the KJV here: anointed
and anointed ×8 and thou shalt anoint ×7 anointed ×7 and anoint ×4 anoint ×4 hath anointed ×3 i have anointed ×3 and they anointed ×2
More options
anoint — Direct modern equivalent; suitable for most contexts.
consecrate — Emphasizes sacred dedication; good for priestly or royal acts.
ordain — Highlights formal appointment to office or role.
smear — Literal, physical sense; use for non-ceremonial application of oil.
commission — Secular register; stresses appointment by authority.
set apart — Broad theological nuance; underscores holiness or selection.

BDB4861 H4886

BDB4860 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4862

מָשַׁח verb smear, anoint (Late Hebrew id.; originally probably as Arabic wipe orstroke with the hand (compare RSSemitic i. 215; 2nd ed., 283), anoint, Aramaic מְשַׁח anoint; on משת, id. (?) in Aramaic inscription see CISii.1. No.145, C, 1; Palmyrene משחא oil VogNo.16; Ethiopic anoint, feast, dine DiLex 176; (Assyrian mašâ—u is measure; Aramaic מְשַׁח id.; Arabic measurement, compare DlProl. 178 Frä282)); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳מ Num 3:25 + 2 t.; suffix מְשָֽׁחֲךָ Ps 45:8; 1Sam 10:1 מְשָׁחוֺ 2Chr 22:7 2 masculine singular מָשַׁחְתָּ Gen 31:13 + 12 t., + 9 t. Perfect; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִמְשַׁח Lev 16:32 + 6 t.; 3 masculine plural יִמְשָׁ֑חוּ Amos 6:6, + 13 t. Imperfect; Imperative suffix מְשָׁחֵהוּ 1Sam 16:12 plural מִשְׁחוּ Isa 21:5 Infinitive absolute מָשׁוֺחַ Jer 22:14 construct מְשֹׁחַ Judg 9:8; Dan 9:24 + Hos 8:3 ᵐ5 We GASm Now; מָשְׁחָה Exod 29:29 suffix מְ˜שׁחֳךָ1Sam 15:1 (Baer); מָשְׁחוֺ Lev 7:36 מָשְׁחָתָם Exod 40:15 Participle plural משְׁחִים Judg 9:15 passive מָשׁוּחַ 2Sam 3:39 (We suggests derivation from שׁח, defective משׁח (מֻשַׁח), wrongly read as מָשֻׁחַ; or by transposition משׁוח may have been mistaken for an unexampled מוּשַׁח Hoph`al Participle of שׁוח); מָשִׁיחַ 2Sam 1:21 (but read מָשֻׁח (or נמשׁח) Manuscripts We Dr Kit Bu HPS); plural מְשֻׁחִים Exod 29:2 + 4 t; —
1. smear, house with colour (paint) Jer 22:14 shield with oil (anoint) Isa 21:5; 2Sam 1:21 (compare Dr; Gr כְּלִי מָשׁוּחַ weapon anointed; PetersJBL 893, 56 כְּלֵי מָשׁוּחַ weapons of one (the king) anointed); the person, with ointments Amos 6:6 unleavened cakes, with oil Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4; Num 6:15 (P).
2. anoint, as consecration, solemn setting apart to an office, always by the use of oil poured on the head: לנביא as a prophet 1Kgs 19:16 (Elisha by Elijah) Isa 61:1 elsewhere of king, with accusative, מֶלֶךְ Judg 9:8 (E), so Hos 8:3 reading מִמְּשֹׁחַ מֶלֶךְ (for ᵑ0 ׳מִמַּשָּׂא מ) We GASm Now; also Hos 7:3 reading יִמְשְׁחוּ (for ᵑ0 יְשַׂמְּחוּ) We Now; elsewhere accusative of person 1Sam 16:3; 1Sam 16:12; 1Sam 16:13; 1Kgs 1:39; 2Kgs 11:12; 2Kgs 23:30; 2Chr 22:7; 2Chr 23:11 בְּשֶׁמֶן קָדְשִׁי Ps 89:21 with my holy oil; שׁמן שָׂשׂוֺן Ps 45:8 (figurative); with על, 2Sam 19:11 whom we have anointed over us; לְמֶלֶךְ 1Kgs 1:45; 1Kgs 5:15 with עַל, לְמֶלֶךְ Judg 9:15; 2Sam 2:4; 2Sam 2:7; 1Kgs 19:15 על ישׂראל over Israel 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 15:17; 2Sam 5:3 = 1Chr 11:3; 2Sam 5:17; 2Sam 12:7; 1Kgs 1:34; 1Kgs 19:16 אֶליֿשׂראל 2Kgs 9:3; 2Kgs 9:6; 2Kgs 9:12 (Ehpraimitic source); לנגיד 1Chr 29:22 על 1Sam 9:16; 1Sam 10:1 מָשׁוּחַ מֶלֶךְ 2Sam 3:39 (? see above)
3. anoint, consecrate to religious service:
  a. Aaronic priests, only P, with accusative of person Exod 28:41; Exod 29:7; Exod 30:30; Exod 40:13; Exod 40:15 (3 t. in verse); Lev 7:36; Lev 8:12; Lev 16:32 absolute Exod 29:29 הכהנים הַמְּשֻׁחִים Num 3:3.
  b. sacred things: מַצֵּבָה Gen 31:13 (E); tabernacle and its sacred vessels Exod 29:36; Exod 30:26; Exod 40:9; Exod 40:10; Exod 40:11; Lev 8:10; Lev 8:11 (all P); קדשׁ קדשׁים Dan 9:24. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִמְשַׁח 1Chr 14:8 Infinitive הִמָּשַׁח Lev 6:13 + 3 t; — be anointed, למלך על כל ישׂראל 1Chr 14:8 Aaron and his sons Lev 6:13 (P); altar Num 7:10; Num 7:84; Num 7:88.

BDB9682 H4886 H4887

BDB9681 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9683

מְשַׁח noun [masculine] oil (see Biblical Hebrew); — absolute Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22.

[מִשְׁכַּב] see שׁכב. [מִשְׁכַּן] see שׁכן.

[מַשְׁרוֺקִית] see שׁרק. [מִשְׁתֶּה] see שׁתּה.

[מַתְּנָא] see נתן.

anointed, anoint, anointedst, painted
māšaḥ
to rub with oil, i.e., to anoint; by implication, to consecrate; also to paint
  • to smear, anoint, spread a liquid
    • (Qal)
      • to smear
        • "to anoint (as consecration)"to anoint, consecrate
      (Niphal) to be anointed

בַּ שָּֽׁמֶן
בַּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)
שָּֽׁמֶן
Root word oil, ointment, olive, ointments, oiled, …
Dictionary form: שֶׁמֶן · sheh-MEN

בַּ
Hidden "the" בַּ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "in the ___".

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: with oil
with oil ×42 oil ×39 of oil ×28 and oil ×13 the oil ×11 ointment ×6 and the oil ×4 and of oil ×3
More options
oil — Most common rendering; suits nearly every context.
olive oil — Clarifies source when commodity or culinary context is key.
ointment — Better for ritual or medicinal application on skin.
anointing oil — Prefer in priestly, consecration, or sacred-use contexts.
fat — Captures richness or abundance in figurative/poetic passages.
fatness — Poetic; conveys fertility or blessing of the land.

BDB8810 H8081

BDB8809 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8811

שֶׁ֫מֶן192 noun masculine 2Kgs 20:13 (on apparently feminine Song 1:3 compare AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 99, 106) fat, oil; — ׳שׁ absolute Gen 28:28 +, construct Lev 8:2 +; ׳שָׁ֑ 2Kgs 4:6 +; suffix שַׁמְנִי Hos 2:7 +, etc.; plural שְׁמָנִים Amos 6:6 +; suffix שְׁמָנֶיךָ Song 1:3, נַיִח- Song 4:10 —

1. fat, fatness: ׳קֶרֶן בֶּןשֿׁ Isa 5:1 (of fertile slope); plural גֵּיאשְֿׁמָנִים Isa 28:1; Isa 28:4 of food (in figurative) Isa 25:6 (twice in verse); literal כְּשָׂרִי כָּחַשׁ מִשָּׁ֑מֶן Ps 109:24 (compare צוֺם va), compare ׳מִפְּנֵי שׁ Isa 10:27 (in figurative, si vera lectio, meaning obscure; most now emend by conjecture; RSJPH xili (1885), 62 עָלָה מִצָּפוֺן שֹׁרֵד [see also II. חבל], joining to vIsa 10:28 Du Marti has gone up from Pene-Rimmon [??], compare Di-Kit).
2. a. oil, specifically olive-oil, as rich product Deut 8:8 + (see זַיִת); hence ׳עֵץ שׁ Isa 41:19 oil-tree, usually explained as wild olive, oleaster, so Neh 8:15 (|| וַיִת), ׳עֲצֵי שׁ oleaster-wood 1Kgs 6:23; 1Kgs 6:31; 1Kgs 6:32; 1Kgs 6:33 once הַמֹּר ׳שׁ Esth 2:2 (see מֹר p. 600:b; ׳מ also in holy anointing oil Exod 30:23).
  b. ׳שׁ as staple (codiment) Num 11:8 (J; see לשׁד), of value 1Kgs 17:12; 1Kgs 17:14; 1Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 2:4; 2Kgs 2:6; 2Kgs 2:7 + 4 t.; symbol of plenty Deut 32:13; Deut 33:24; Job 29:6 ascribed (fassely) to gift of Baals Hos 2:7 as royal treasure 2Kgs 20:13 = Isa 39:2, compare 1Kgs 5:25 (כָּ תִית ׳שׁ, see ׳כ) = 2Chr 2:9; 2Chr 2:14 + 3 t.; tribute Hos 12:2, article of trade Ezek 27:17 odoriferous Prov 27:9; Song 1:3; Song 4:10, רוֺקֵחַ ׳שׁ Eccl 10:1, so (figurative) Song 1:3; Eccl 7:1; Prov 27:16 is corrupt, see Toy; sign of luxury Ezek 16:13; Prov 21:17, of prosperity Ezek 16:20.
  c. ׳שׁ as medicament Isa 1:6 as unguent, for shield 2Sam 1:21, person Amos 6:6; Mic 6:15; Deut 28:40; Ezek 16:9 Esther; Ps 92:11; Ps 104:15, not for mourner 2Sam 14:2 on head token of happiness Eccl 9:8, of hospitality, ראֹשִׁי ׳דִּפַּנְתָּ בַּפֹּ Ps 23:5 (figurative), in simile Ps 133:2; Ps 141:5.
  d. for anointing king, ׳פַּח הַשּׂ 1Sam 10:1; 2Kgs 9:1; 2Kgs 9:3, compare v2Kgs 9:6, with קֶרֶן 1Sam 16:1; 1Sam 16:13; 1Kgs 1:39 compare קָדְשִׁי מְשַׁחְתִּיו ׳בְּשׁ Ps 89:21.
  e. in various figs., of joy שָׂשׂוֺן ׳שׁ Isa 61:3; Ps 45:8 soft words Ps 55:22; Prov 5:3 as penetrating Prov 109:18 as clear, transparent Ezek 32:14. feminine used in primitive worship, poured on stone Gen 28:18 (E), Gen 35:14 (J).
  g. in later ritual: for anointing priests, tabernacle, altar utensils, etc. (P), made of various ingred., וַיִת ׳שׁ among them, Exod 30:24, הַמִּשְׁתָה ׳שׁ Exod 25:6; Lev 8:2; Lev 8:10; Lev 8:12 + 11 t.; מִשְׁחַתקֹֿדֶשׁ ׳שׁ Exod 30:25 (twice in verse) + 2 t.; ׳י ׳מ ׳שׁ Lev 10:7, אֱםהָיו ׳מ ׳שׁ Lev 21:12 ׳הקּ ׳שׁ Num 35:25 ׳שׁ alone Lev 14:10 + 12 t. Lev 14 for lighting Exod 25:6 + 6 t. + זַיִת זָח כָּ חִית ׳שׁ Exod 27:20; Lev 24:2 (see כָּ תִית); poured upon מִנְחָה Lev 2:1 + 5 t., compare Lev 5:11; Num 5:15 smeared (see מָשַׁח) upon wafers Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4 +, and cakes (or mixed in the making? compare בָּלַל) Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4; Lev 2:5 +, so ׳סֹלֶת בַּשׁ Lev 2:7 etc. (c. 45 t. in all), ׳חַלַּת לֶחֶם שׁ Exod 29:23; Lev 8:26.
  h. for use in temple 1Chr 9:29.
  i. for תְּרוּמָה in Ezekiel's temple Ezek 45:14 (twice in verse) + 7 t. 45, 46.
  j. efficacy denied Mic 6:7
  k. offered to idols Isa 57:9; Ezek 16:18; Ezek 16:19; Ezek 23:41. — See MacalisterHast. DB OIL ARSKEncy. Bib. OIL.

oil, ointment, olive, ointments, oiled, …
šemen
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
  • fat, oil
    • fat, fatness
      • "oil, olive oil
      • as staple, medicament or unguent
        • "for anointing
      fat (of fruitful land, valleys) (metaphorically)

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וְכִ֥י תַקְרִ֛ב Tevir — a lesser break קָרְבַּ֥ן מִנְחָ֖ה Tipeha — a lesser break מַֽאֲפֵ֣ה תַנּ֑וּר Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here סֹ֣לֶת חַלּ֤וֹת מַצֹּת֙ Pashta — a lesser break בְּלוּלֹ֣ת בַּשֶּׁ֔מֶן Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וּרְקִיקֵ֥י מַצּ֖וֹת Tipeha — a lesser break מְשֻׁחִ֥ים בַּשָּֽׁמֶן Silluq — end of the verse

וְכִי תַקְרִב קָרְבַּן מִנְחָה מַֽאֲפֵה תַנּוּר סֹלֶת חַלּוֹת מַצֹּת בְּלוּלֹת בַּשֶּׁמֶן וּרְקִיקֵי מַצּוֹת מְשֻׁחִים בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃
4
And if thou bring an oblation of a meat offering baken in the oven, it shall be unleavened cakes of fine flour mingled with oil, or unleavened wafers anointed with oil.
Cross References

Exodus 29:2

וְלֶחֶם מַצּוֹת וְחַלֹּת מַצֹּת בְּלוּלֹת בַּשֶּׁמֶן וּרְקִיקֵי מַצּוֹת מְשֻׁחִים בַּשָּׁמֶן סֹלֶת חִטִּים תַּֽעֲשֶׂה אֹתָֽם׃
2
And unleavened bread, and cakes unleavened tempered with oil, and wafers unleavened anointed with oil: of wheaten flour shalt thou make them.

Psalms 22:14

כַּמַּיִם נִשְׁפַּכְתִּי וְהִתְפָּֽרְדוּ כָּֽל-עַצְמוֹתָי הָיָה לִבִּי כַּדּוֹנָג נָמֵס בְּתוֹךְ מֵעָֽי׃
14
I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint: my heart is like wax; it is melted in the midst of my bowels.

1 Corinthians 5:7

ἐκκαθάρατε οὖν τὴν παλαιὰν ζύμην ἵνα ἦτε νέον φύραμα καθώς ἐστε ἄζυμοι· καὶ γὰρ τὸ πάσχα ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ἐτύθη Χριστός
7
Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us:

Matthew 26:38

τότε λέγει αὐτοῖς Περίλυπός ἐστιν ἡ ψυχή μου ἕως θανάτου· μείνατε ὧδε καὶ γρηγορεῖτε μετ' ἐμοῦ
38
Then saith he unto them, My soul is exceeding sorrowful, even unto death: tarry ye here, and watch with me.

Hebrews 7:26

Τοιοῦτος γὰρ ἡμῖν ἔπρεπεν ἀρχιερεύς ὅσιος ἄκακος ἀμίαντος κεχωρισμένος ἀπὸ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν καὶ ὑψηλότερος τῶν οὐρανῶν γενόμενος
26
For such an high priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefiled, separate from sinners, and made higher than the heavens;

Leviticus 10:12

וַיְדַבֵּר מֹשֶׁה אֶֽל-אַהֲרֹן וְאֶל אֶלְעָזָר וְאֶל-אִיתָמָר׀ בָּנָיו הַנּֽוֹתָרִים קְחוּ אֶת-הַמִּנְחָה הַנּוֹתֶרֶת מֵֽאִשֵּׁי יְהוָה וְאִכְלוּהָ מַצּוֹת אֵצֶל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ כִּי קֹדֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁים הִֽוא׃
12
And Moses spake unto Aaron, and unto Eleazar and unto Ithamar, his sons that were left, Take the meat offering that remaineth of the offerings of the LORD made by fire, and eat it without leaven beside the altar: for it is most holy:

Isaiah 42:1

הֵן עַבְדִּי אֶתְמָךְ-בּוֹ בְּחִירִי רָצְתָה נַפְשִׁי נָתַתִּי רוּחִי עָלָיו מִשְׁפָּט לַגּוֹיִם יוֹצִֽיא׃
1
Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in whom my soul delighteth; I have put my spirit upon him: he shall bring forth judgment to the Gentiles.

John 12:27

Νῦν ἡ ψυχή μου τετάρακται καὶ τί εἴπω Πάτερ σῶσόν με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης ἀλλὰ διὰ τοῦτο ἦλθον εἰς τὴν ὥραν ταύτην
27
Now is my soul troubled; and what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour: but for cause this came I unto this hour.

1 Peter 2:22

ὃς ἁμαρτίαν οὐκ ἐποίησεν οὐδὲ εὑρέθη δόλος ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτοῦ
22
Who did no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth:

John 3:34

ὃν γὰρ ἀπέστειλεν ὁ θεὸς τὰ ῥήματα τοῦ θεοῦ λαλεῖ οὐ γὰρ ἐκ μέτρου δίδωσιν ὁ Θεὸς τὸ πνεῦμα
34
For he whom God hath sent speaketh the words of God: for God giveth not the Spirit by measure unto him.

1 Peter 2:1

Ἀποθέμενοι οὖν πᾶσαν κακίαν καὶ πάντα δόλον καὶ ὑποκρίσεις καὶ φθόνους καὶ πάσας καταλαλιάς
1
Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings,

Leviticus 1:11

וְשָׁחַט אֹתוֹ עַל יֶרֶךְ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ צָפֹנָה לִפְנֵי יְהוָה וְזָֽרְקוּ בְּנֵי אַֽהֲרֹן הַכֹּֽהֲנִים אֶת-דָּמוֹ עַל-הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִֽיב׃
11
And he shall kill it on the side of the altar northward before the LORD: and the priests, Aaron's sons, shall sprinkle his blood round about upon the altar.

Isaiah 44:3

כִּי אֶצָּק-מַיִם עַל-צָמֵא וְנֹזְלִים עַל-יַבָּשָׁה אֶצֹּק רוּחִי עַל-זַרְעֶךָ וּבִרְכָתִי עַל-צֶאֱצָאֶֽיךָ׃
3
For I will pour water upon him that is thirsty, and floods upon the dry ground: I will pour my spirit upon thy seed, and my blessing upon thine offspring:

Exodus 16:31

וַיִּקְרְאוּ בֵֽית-יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶת-שְׁמוֹ מָן וְהוּא כְּזֶרַע גַּד לָבָן וְטַעְמוֹ כְּצַפִּיחִת בִּדְבָֽשׁ׃
31
And the house of Israel called the name thereof Manna: and it was like coriander seed, white; and the taste of it was like wafers made with honey.

Leviticus 6:17

לֹא תֵֽאָפֶה חָמֵץ חֶלְקָם נָתַתִּי אֹתָהּ מֵֽאִשָּׁי קֹדֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁים הִוא כַּֽחַטָּאת וְכָֽאָשָֽׁם׃
17
It shall not be baken with leaven. I have given it unto them for their portion of my offerings made by fire; it is most holy, as is the sin offering, and as the trespass offering.

Exodus 12:8

וְאָֽכְלוּ אֶת-הַבָּשָׂר בַּלַּיְלָה הַזֶּה צְלִי-אֵשׁ וּמַצּוֹת עַל-מְרֹרִים יֹֽאכְלֻֽהוּ׃
8
And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

Leviticus 7:12

אִם עַל-תּוֹדָה יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ וְהִקְרִיב׀ עַל-זֶבַח הַתּוֹדָה חַלּוֹת מַצּוֹת בְּלוּלֹת בַּשֶּׁמֶן וּרְקִיקֵי מַצּוֹת מְשֻׁחִים בַּשָּׁמֶן וְסֹלֶת מֻרְבֶּכֶת חַלֹּת בְּלוּלֹת בַּשָּֽׁמֶן׃
12
If he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of fine flour, fried.

Isaiah 61:1

רוּחַ אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה עָלָי יַעַן מָשַׁח יְהוָה אֹתִי לְבַשֵּׂר עֲנָוִים שְׁלָחַנִי לַחֲבֹשׁ לְנִשְׁבְּרֵי-לֵב לִקְרֹא לִשְׁבוּיִם דְּרוֹר וְלַאֲסוּרִים פְּקַח-קֽוֹחַ׃
1
The Spirit of the Lord GOD is upon me; because the LORD hath anointed me to preach good tidings unto the meek; he hath sent me to bind up the brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives, and the opening of the prison to them that are bound;

Ezekiel 46:20

וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי זֶה הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יְבַשְּׁלוּ-שָׁם הַכֹּהֲנִים אֶת-הָאָשָׁם וְאֶת-הַחַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר יֹאפוּ אֶת-הַמִּנְחָה לְבִלְתִּי הוֹצִיא אֶל-הֶחָצֵר הַחִֽיצוֹנָה לְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת-הָעָֽם׃
20
Then said he unto me, This is the place where the priests shall boil the trespass offering and the sin offering, where they shall bake the meat offering; that they bear them not out into the utter court, to sanctify the people.

1 Chronicles 23:28

כִּי מַֽעֲמָדָם לְיַד-בְּנֵי אַֽהֲרֹן לַֽעֲבֹדַת בֵּית יְהוָה עַל-הַֽחֲצֵרוֹת וְעַל-הַלְּשָׁכוֹת וְעַֽל-טָהֳרַת לְכָל-קֹדֶשׁ וּמַֽעֲשֵׂה עֲבֹדַת בֵּית הָֽאֱלֹהִֽים׃
28
Because their office was to wait on the sons of Aaron for the service of the house of the LORD, in the courts, and in the chambers, and in the purifying of all holy things, and the work of the service of the house of God;
Leviticus 2:3
Read Leviticus 2
Leviticus 2:5