Numbers 13:33

וְשָׁ֣ם רָאִ֗ינוּ אֶת הַנְּפִילִ֛ים בְּנֵ֥י עֲנָ֖ק מִן הַנְּפִלִ֑ים וַנְּהִ֤י בְעֵינֵ֙ינוּ֙ כַּֽחֲגָבִ֔ים וְכֵ֥ן הָיִ֖ינוּ בְּעֵֽינֵיהֶֽם
And there we saw the giants, the sons of Anak, which come of the giants: and we were in our own sight as grasshoppers, and so we were in their sight.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וְ שָׁ֣ם
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
שָׁ֣ם
Adverb there, thence, thither, where, therein, …
Dictionary form: שָׁם · shawm

Adverb

In the KJV here: and there
there ×309 and there ×67 thither ×56 from thence ×50 thence ×32 where ×30 him there ×10 therein ×9
More options
there — Default spatial adverb; fits most contexts naturally.
in that place — More explicit; use when location needs emphasis.
to that place — Directional sense; use when movement toward is implied.
from there — Point of departure; replaces archaic 'from thence/thence'.
where — Relative clause contexts; links location to a preceding noun.
there in it — Renders the 'therein/within it' locative nuance.

BDB10005 H8536 H8033

BDB10004 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB10006

תַּמָּה adverb there (so Egyptian Aramaic (RÉS361 B 5 [also תנהA 4, so Cilician Aramaic, Cooke68. 5, compare Palmyrene תנן ib.121. 3, Syriac ] S-CA 4, J 6); ᵑ7 תַּמָּן, Syriac , see Biblical Hebrew שָׁם); — Ezra 5:17; Ezra 6:1; Ezra 6:12 ׳מִןתֿ thence Ezra 6:6.

BDB8775 H8033 H3074

BDB8774 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8776

שָׁם adverb there, thither (Arabic there, compare then; Biblical Aramaic תַּמָּה, Egyptian Aramaic תמה S-CPap. A 4, J 6, ᵑ7 תַּמָּן (with demonstrative n, compare אֱדַיִן beside אֲזַי), Syriac ; ZenjHad. 8 (Cooke159) שם); —

1. a. there Gen 2:8; Gen 2:12; Gen 11:2; Gen 11:7; Gen 11:31 + often; placed early in sentence for emphasis, Mic 4:10 שָׁם תִּנָּצֵ֑לִי, Nah 3:15; Ezek 32:22; Ezek 32:24; Ps 104:26 +, וְשָׁם ֗֗֗ Gen 41:12; Exod 15:27; Num 13:22; Num 13:33 +, שָׁם ֗֗֗ וְשָׁם Exod 15:25; Deut 12:14; Isa 27:10; Job 3:17 +, וְהִנֵּה שָׁם ֗֗֗ Gen 29:2, כִּי שָׁם ֗֗֗ Gen 11:9; Gen 21:31; Gen 35:7; 2Sam 1:21; 2Sam 15:21 +, אַךְ שָׁם ֗֗֗ Isa 34:14; Isa 34:15, גַּם שָׁם ֗֗֗ Isa 23:12; Isa 57:7; Ps 139:10 resuming a preceding 'where,' Job 39:30 בַּאֲשֶׁר חֲלָלִים שָׁם הוּא, Judg 5:27; Jer 22:12; Eccl 11:3, compare Eccl 1:7. Repeated, שָׁם ֗֗֗ שָׁם here ... there Isa 28:10; Isa 28:13. In poetry, pointing to a spot in which a scene is localized vividly in the imagination, Ps 14:5 שׁם פחדו פחד there feared they a fear! Ps 36:13, compare Ps 48:7; Ps 66:6; Ps 132:17; Hos 6:7; Zeph 1:14. — Hab 3:4 read probably (We Now) שָׂם the flashes at his side made he the hiding of his power; Eccl 3:17 שָׁם = with God, in the Divine plan or scheme: but read perhaps שָׂם Hi De and others
  b. preceded by the rel., אֲשֶׁר שָׁם where, Gen 2:11; Exod 20:21; 1Sam 9:10 +, usually with one or more words between, Gen 13:3; Gen 13:14; Gen 19:27; Exod 29:42; 2Sam 11:16; 2Kgs 23:27 + often; after בַּאֲשֶׁר, בַּאֲשֶׁר הוּא שָׁם Gen 21:17. With אשׁר omitted (the relative being indicated by construct, Ges«GKC:130c»§ 130 c, d) Ezek 39:11 מְקוֺם שָׁם קֶבֶר ׳בְּיִשְׂר a place where a grave (may be) in Israel, but ᵐ5 ᵑ7 Co Or and others read שֵׁם a place of renown.
2. thither, after verbs of motion ( = שָׁ֫מָּה, see 3), Deut 1:37 לֹא תָבאֹ שָׁם, Judg 19:15; Judg 21:10; 1Sam 2:14; 1Sam 9:6 and elsewhere; אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ שָׁם whither, 1Kgs 18:10; 1Kgs 21:18; 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 1:16; Isa 20:6, more often in Jeremiah, Ezekiel, as Jer 8:3; Jer 22:27; Jer 23:3; Jer 23:8; Jer 45:5 +, Ezek 4:13; Ezek 12:16; Ezek 36:20; Ezek 36:22 +; so שֶׁשָּׁם Ps 122:4.
3. with ה locative, שָׁ֫מָּה (sh¹mm¹h):
  a. after verbs of motion, thither, Gen 19:20 לָנוּס שָׁ֫מָּה to flee thither, vGen 19:22; Gen 20:13; Gen 24:6; Gen 29:3; Deut 1:38 + often; = into it, therein (of a basket, pit, etc.), Exod 16:33 וְתֶןשָֿׁ֫מָּה מְלֹא הָעֹמֶר, Exod 21:33 וְנָפַל שָׁמָּה, Exod 30:18; Judg 8:25; 2Kgs 12:10 pregnantly, after a verb implying motion, as to bury, Gen 23:13 וְאֶקְבְּרָה אֶתמֵֿתִי שָׁ֫מָּה, Gen 25:10; Gen 49:31; Gen 50:5 (all P), נוֺעַד to meet Exod 29:42; Exod 29:43; Exod 30:6; Exod 30:36; Num 17:19 (all P), Josh 2:16; Josh 7:3; Jer 13:7; Joel 4:7, perhaps Song 8:5 (? c).
  b. אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ שָׁ֫מָּה whither Gen 20:13; Num 33:54; Deut 4:5; Deut 4:14 + often; where 2Kgs 23:8; 1Chr 4:41.
  c. more rarely, i. q. שָׁם there, Gen 43:30 וַיֵּבְךְ שָׁ֫מָּה, Josh 2:1; Judg 16:27; 2Kgs 4:11; 2Kgs 9:16; Hos 2:17; Isa 22:18; Isa 34:15; Isa 65:9; Jer 18:2; Jer 27:22; Ezek 23:3; Ezek 32:29; Ezek 32:30 (Ezek 32:22 vEzek 32:24 vEzek 32:26 שָׁם), Ezek 48:35 שָׁ֫מָּה ׳י, Ps 76:4; Ps 122:5; Eccl 3:16.
4. מִשָּׁם from there, thence:
  a. often after verbs of departing, taking, etc., Gen 2:10; Gen 11:8; Gen 11:9; Gen 12:8; Gen 18:16; Gen 24:7; Gen 42:2, etc., Num 13:23; Num 21:12; Num 22:41 וַיַּרְא מִשָּׁם, Deut 4:29 וּבִקַּשְׁתֶּם מִשָּׁם, Deut 30:4; Jer 37:12; Hos 2:17; Amos 9:2; Amos 9:3; Amos 9:4; Job 39:29 +. Peculiarly, Gen 49:24 ׳מִשָּׁם רֹעֶה אֶבֶן יִשְׂר Ges De RVm from there [from heaven], (from) the Shepherd (׳י), the Stone (Rock) of Israel, Ew Di Sta from there (where is) the Shepherd of (רֹעֵה) the (Bethel-)stone of Israel; but both forced: text dubious; Gunk by the name (מִשֵּׁם; so ᵑ6) of the Shepherd, etc. (as Ew Di).
  b. אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ מִשָּׁם whence Gen 24:5; Num 23:13 +.
  c. expressing origin, Gen 3:23 the ground אֲשֶׁר לֻקַּח מִשָּׁם, Gen 10:14 whence (= from whom) came forth the Philistines, Judg 19:18 מִשָּׁם אָנֹכִי, 1Sam 10:12 אִישׁ מִשָּׁם, Isa 65:20.
  d. of the mass, from which something is taken or made, Gen 27:9; Gen 30:32 (of צאֹן), Lev 2:2 ׳וְקָמַץ מִשָּׁם זגו (from the meal, etc., of a מנחה), 1Kgs 17:13 אַךְ עֲשִׁי לִי מִשָּׁם עֻגָה קְטַנָּה i.e. from the meal and oil, 2Kgs 7:2; 2Kgs 7:19 וּמִשָּׁם לֹא תאֵֹ˜כל׃, Ezek 5:3.

there, thence, thither, where, therein, …
šām
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence
  • there, thither
    • there
      • "thither (after verbs of motion)"from there, thence"then (as an adverb of time)

רָאִ֗ינוּ
רָאִ֗ינוּ
Root word see, saw, seen, behold, looked, …
Dictionary form: רָאָה · raw-AW

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), first person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "we"

In the KJV here: we saw
saw ×128 see ×97 and see ×45 and saw ×43 to see ×35 shall see ×31 i saw ×29 i have seen ×26
More options
see — Most versatile; suits perception, vision, and understanding.
look — Prefer when deliberate, directed attention is implied.
observe — Good for careful, attentive, or intentional seeing.
perceive — Best when insight or recognition is the focus.
behold — Contemporary contexts of awe or divine encounter.
gaze — When prolonged, intense, or wondering looking is stressed.

BDB7656 H7200 H7207 H7203 H3070

BDB7655 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7657

רָאָה1315 verb see (Late Hebrew id.; וארא MI4, הראני Deut 1:7, compare ריח spectacle Deut 1:12 Sabean ראי see, expect DHMZMG xxix (1875), 506,599; Arabic see, so Ethiopic ᵑ7 רֵו, רֵיוָא human appearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrew רְָאִי 2)); —

Qal1141 Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ר Gen 29:10 +, suffix וְרָֽאֲךָ consecutive Exod 4:14 רָאָהוּ 2Kgs 2:12 +; 3 feminine singular רָֽאֲתָה Gen 38:14, suffix רָאָֽתְךָ Job 42:5 2 masculine singular רָאִיתָ Gen 20:10 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִרְהֶ Gen 22:8 +, jussive יֵרֵא Gen 41:33 (Baer Gi, Ges«GKC:75p»§ 75p, «GKC:75hh»hh Köi.561; van d. H. יֵרֶא), יִ֫רֶא Exod 5:21 +, וַיַּרְא Gen 18:2 + (1Sam 19:20, read plural ᵐ5 Comm., i.e. וַיִּרְאֻ DrSm lxiii), suffix יִרְאַנִי Exod 33:20, וַיִּרְאֵ֑נִי 2Sam 1:7 3 feminine singular תִּרְאֶה Lev 20:17; Job 33:28, jussive תֵּרֵא Mic 7:10; Zech 9:5 (Baer Gi, compare Ges Kö above; van d. H תֵּרֶא), וַתֵּ֫רֶא Gen 3:6 +; 1 singular אֶרְאֶה Gen 21:16 +, וָאֵ֫רֶא Gen 31:10 +, etc.; Imperative רְאֵה Gen 27:27 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute רָאֹה Exod 3:7 +, רָאוֺ Gen 26:28; Isa 6:9 construct רְאֹה Gen 48:11, רְאוֺת Exod 10:28 +, רַאֲוָה Ezek 28:17, etc., Participle active רֹאֶה Ezek 13:15 +, etc.; passive רְאֻיוֺת (Baer Gi; van d. H. רְאֻיּוֺת) : —
1. a. see, subject עַיִן, עֵינַיִם, with accusative of person Isa 6:5; Isa 30:20; Jer 42:2 + 5 t. Job, Proverbs; subject person, with accusative Gen 12:12; Gen 12:15 + מִי רָאָהוּ 1Sam 23:22, read הֵמְּהֵרָה ᵐ5 Th We and others. [not HPS]); רֹאִי 1Sam 16:13 (participle suffix, compare בְּאֵר לַחֵי רֹאִי v1Sam 16:14, .p. 91 above) accusative of God 1Sam 32:31 (פָּנִים אֶלפָּֿנִים); accusative of person omitted 1Sam 18:2; 1Sam 19:1 +; with accusative פְּנֵי 1Sam 31:2; 1Sam 46:30; 1Sam 48:11; Exod 33:20, opposed to אֶתאֲחֹרָ֑י vExod 33:23 with accusative פְּנֵי specifically of having access to man of rank Gen 43:3; Gen 43:5 + (see [ פָּנֶה] 2 b).
  b. see, with accusative of thing: subject עַיִן, עֵינַיִם Josh 24:7 (E) 1Sam 24:11 (van d. H. Baer; v.1Sam 24:10 Gi), Deut 3:21 + 5 t. Deuteronomy, +; וְעֵינָיו אֶתעֵֿינָיו תִּרְאֶינָה Jer 32:4, compare Jer 34:3 accusative omitted 2Sam 24:3; Deut 21:7 + 9 t. (לִרְאוֺת) 1Sam 6:13 read לקְרָאתוֺ ᵐ5 We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); subject pers Gen 13:15; Gen 31:12 + very often; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַרְאֶה Exod 3:8 + 7 t., מַרְאָה Dan 10:7 (twice in verse); Dan 10:8, חָזוֺן Dan 8:15, חֶזְיֹנוֺת Joel 3:1 hence see absolute= receive revelation, Isa 30:10 (|| חזה), compare Ezek 13:3 and see I. רֹאֶה; with accusative עֶרְוָה, see ׳צ, p. 788 f.; see war, i.e. see it impending Exod 13:17 (E); אֶתהַֿקּוֺתֹ ׳וְאֶתהַֿלַּפִּידִים ר Exod 20:18 (Gi vExod 20:15); רֹאֵי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Eccl 7:11 those who see the sun = living men; accusative of thing. omitted Exod 22:9; 2Sam 13:5 +, וָאֶרֵאֶה בֶּחָזוֺן Dan 8:2 (twice in verse).(absolute); וְלֹא יִרְאוּ לֹא יֵדְעוּ Neh 4:5 עֵינֵי רֹאִים Isa 32:3, מְקוֺם רֹאִים Job 34:26 with adverb or adverb phrase instead of accusative of thing: כָּהֵנָּה Gen 41:19 compare Isa 66:8; Ezek 1:27 (twice in verse), כַּאֲשֶׁר 2Kgs 2:19; 2Chr 29:8; 2Chr 30:7; Job 4:8; Ezek 16:50; Dan 1:13, כֵּן Ps 48:9.
2. see, followed by accusative + clause or phrase of closer designation: (I) + epexegetical clause with כִּי, accusative of person Gen 6:2 saw them that they were fair, Gen 12:4 (both J), Exod 2:2; Exod 32:25 (both E), 1Kgs 11:28, accusative of face + id. Gen 31:5 (E), Exod 34:25 (P); accusative of thing Gen 49:15 (poem), Isa 22:9; Gen 1:4 (P), Eccl 2:24; Eccl 4:4 and probably 2Kgs 14:26 (reading כִּי מַר הוּא); (2) כָּלהַֿבָּא עָלָיו וְעָמָ֑ד ׳ר 2Sam 20:12 (3) + adjective (including participle), accusative person Gen 7:1 (J), Amos 9:1; 2Sam 18:10 + 39 t. (Jer 46:5 strike out ׳ר ᵐ5 Gie), + accusative אֲשֶׁר Exod 14:13 (twice in verse) (J); accusative of thing, Exod 23:5; Exod 33:10 (both E), Deut 22:4; Ezek 33:3; Ezek 33:6; Dan 1:10; Dan 8:4; Dan 8:6; Dan 8:7 (4) + מָה, accusative of thing Num 13:18 (JE), Hag 2:3 (5) + preposition Phr., accusative of person Exod 5:19 (J), Zech 4:10; Eccl 10:7; Esth 5:9 accusative of thing + בִּכְבוֺדוֺ Hag 2:3, + כ pres. Jer 23:13; Jer 23:14, + כ person Judg 9:36, כ of thing 2Sam 18:27 (6) accusative of person + adverb accusative + כ person Jer 30:6.
3. see, so as to learn to know: with accusative of person Deut 33:9 (|| הִכִּיר, יַדַע); with accusative of thing Deut 1:19; Deut 1:31; Deut 11:2; Job 11:11 (|| יָדַע ), Ps 16:10; Ps 49:10 = have experience of, Jer 5:12; Jer 14:13; Jer 20:18; Jer 42:14; Zeph 3:15; Ps 89:49; Eccl 5:17, שֵׁנָה בְּעֵינָיו אֵינֶנּוּ רֹאֶה Eccl 8:16 מָה ראית Gen 20:10 i.e.what hast thou encountered, that . . . ? BacherZAW xix (1899). 345 ff.; Terminol. 177 f.
4. absolute see, have (power of) vision, Gen 27:1 (J), Gen 48:10 (E), 1Sam 3:2; 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4, miraculous 2Kgs 6:17 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 6:20 (twice in verse); denied of idols Deut 4:28; Ps 115:5; Ps 135:16 figurative of spiritual vision Isa 6:10; Isa 29:18; Isa 42:18; Jer 5:2l Deut 29:3; Ezek 12:2 (twice in verse); Ps 40:13; Ps 69:24 עַיִן רֹאָה Prov 20:12. — 1Sam 14:27 read Qr see אור.
5. see = perceive:
  a. followed by clause with כִּי, Exod 3:4; Exod 8:11; Gen 1:10; Gen 1:12 + often(1Sam 23:15 read וַיִּרָא and he feared We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); omit כִּי (late) Lam 1:10; Ps 49:11; Eccl 3:16 followed by מָה of indirect question Gen 2:19 (J), Gen 37:20 (E), Judg 9:48; Deut 32:20; Jer 7:17; Jer 33:24; Ezek 8:6; Jonah 4:5 +; בַּמָּה Judg 16:5 compare 1Sam 14:38, כַּמָּה Zech 2:6; Ps 35:17 followed by מִי of indirect question 1Sam 14:17; Isa 40:26; Lam 2:20 ( + הַבִּיטָה); followed by אֵי 1Sam 26:16, אֵיכֹה 2Kgs 6:13, אֵיפֹה Jer 3:2 followed by clause with הֲ whether, Gen 8:8; Gen 18:21; Num 11:23 (all J), Exod 4:18 (E), Ps 14:2; Ps 53:3; Song 6:11b Esth 3:4, אִם whether Jer 30:6; Lam 1:12; Ps 139:24; Song 7:13, אֲשֶׁר that or how 1Sam 18:15, אֵי Eccl 2:3, שֶׁ that vEccl 2:13, שְׁ Eccl 3:18.
  b. with accusative צָרַת נַפְשׁוֺ Gen 42:21 (i.e. saw it by out-ward signs), compare Hos 5:13. [Note, under 5 (rarely in other cases, and only Samuel Kings Jeremiah), Imperative + ידע Imperative: דַּע וּרְאֵה 1Sam 24:12; 2Sam 24:13; 1Kgs 20:22 דְּעִי וּרְאִי 1Sam 25:17; Jer 2:19 דְּעוּ וּרְאוּ 1Sam 12:17; 1Sam 14:38; 1Sam 23:22; 1Kgs 20:7; 2Kgs 5:7 in reverse order, רְאוּ וּדְעוּ 1Sam 23:23; Jer 5:1.]
6. look at, see, by direct volition:
  a. subject men, with accusative of thing, Gen 9:22; Gen 9:23 (J), Gen 42:9; Gen 42:12 (E), Lev 13:3; Lev 13:15 +; with accusative of land = reconnoitre Josh 2:1 look at sun, etc., for worship Deut 4:19; Job 31:26 = inspect 1Kgs 9:12; Lev 14:36 (twice in verse); with accusative of person Num 24:20; Num 24:21 (JE), Exod 2:25; Lev 13:3; Lev 13:5 (all P), 1Sam 9:16 +, (1Sam 19:15 HPS proposes אֶלבֵּֿית for לִרְאוֺת); with preposition אַחֲרִי רֹאִי ׳ר Gen 16:13 (J) I have looked after one seeing me (interpretation see Di).
  b. subject God, with accusative of thing Gen 9:16 (P); = inspect Gen 11:5 (J); look at with favour, accusative of person Job 37:24; Ps 138:6 so perhaps figurative, subject man, regard, with accusative אָוֶן Ps 66:18 (Hup-Now; Che Bae Dr and others intend); look with pleasure (accusative omitted, + מִן by reason of, as a fruit of) Isa 53:11 (si vera); insert accusative אוֺר ᵐ5 Houb Klo Du CheHpt Kit [perhaps], with Hiph`il יַרְאֶה ᵐ5 Du CheHpt, rescues from travail his soul, makes it see light).
  c. without accusative, look, take a look, etc. (of man and God; often + וְהִנֵּה ), Gen 8:13; Gen 18:2; Exod 3:2; Lev 13:8; Lam 3:50 (מִן local), Gen 13:14 (מִן local + ה locative), Deut 3:27; Ezek 40:4; Ezek 44:5 (all בְּעֵינֶיךָ), + often; peculiarly, תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ מִמֶּנִּי Judg 7:17 (compare GFM).
  d. look after, see after, learn about, with accusative of thing Gen 37:14 (J), with accusative of person = visit (go to see) 1Sam 15:35; 1Sam 20:29; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:6; 2Kgs 8:29 = 2Chr 22:6; 2Kgs 9:16, compare Ezek 20:28, עֵין רֹאִי Job 7:8 (Di Bu and others).
  e. observe, watch, absolute, 1Sam 6:9; 1Sam 6:16; 1Sam 17:28; Eccl 8:16 (|| ידע). feminine look upon = endure to see, with accusative of thing Hab 1:13 (|| הִבִּיט).
  g. look out, find out, accusative of person 2Kgs 9:2; Gen 41:33 (E), + ל person 1Sam 16:17 select, accusative of person + מִן from among 2Kgs 10:3, + ב among + ל person 1Sam 16:1 provide, furnish,, with accusative of thing Deut 33:21 (poem), + ל person Gen 22:8 (E), compare absolute יִרְאֶה ׳י as proper name, of a location = ׳י seeth vGen 22:14 a (E; ? read יֵרָאֶה, compare vb, Niph`al and Di); רְאֻיוֺת Esth 2:9 looked out = suitable (as often Late Hebrew).
  h. look at = concern oneself about, accusative of thing (+ בְּיָדוֺ) Gen 39:23 (J).
7. of mental observation:
  a. Imperative see ! observe ! consider ! exclamation (nearly = הִנֵּה), followed by clause: Gen 27:27; Gen 31:50 see ! God is witness Gen 39:14; Gen 41:41; Exod 4:21; Deut 1:8 +; followed by independent noun 2Sam 24:22 (|| 1Chr 21:23 followed by clause).
  b. look at, i.e. inquire into, a matter, accusative of thing omitted, of ׳י, 1Sam 24:16 (Gi v.1Sam 24:15).
  c. give attention to, accusative of thing, Jer 2:31, absolute give attention ! 2Sam 13:28; 2Kgs 6:32; Exod 25:40; Ps 45:11 take heed to, accusative of thing, 1Kgs 12:16 = 2Chr 10:16 absolute take heed ! Exod 10:10, + פֶּן 2Kgs 10:23.
  d. discern, חָכְמָה ׳לִבִּי ר Eccl 1:16, טוֺב ׳ר Eccl 3:13.
  e. distinguish, with בֵּיןלְ֗֗֗ of person Mal 3:18. feminine consider, reflect, Eccl 7:14 (followed by clause oratio recta [direct speech]).
8. a. with ב, literally, look into, hence look at with interest (German 'sich vertiefen in'): (I) gaze at 1Sam 6:19 (on context see We Dr HPS), so as to become acquainted with Gen 34:1 (P); so as to find out Eccl 3:22 inspect liver (for omens) Ezek 21:26 some - what weakened = behold Job 3:9; 2Chr 7:3; Ps 64:9. (2) look at with kindness, of ׳י, בָּעֳנִי Gen 29:32; 1Sam 1:11 ( + infinitive absolute), 2Sam 16:12, בַּצַּר Ps 106:44. (3) upon a spectacle causing anger Exod 2:11 (E), grief Gen 21:16 (E), Gen 44:34; Num 11:15 (both J), 2Kgs 22:20 (subject עֵינָיִם) = 2Chr 34:28; Esth 8:6 (twice in verse), abhorrence Isa 66:24. (4) gaze at with apprehension Eccl 11:4. (5) with joy, pleasure, 2Kgs 10:16; Mic 7:9; Jer 29:32; Isa 52:8 (עַיִן בְּעַיִן, compare Niph`al Num 14:14), Job 20:17; Job 33:28; Ps 54:9; Ps 106:5; Ps 128:5; Song 3:11; Song 6:11 a Eccl 2:1. (6) especially with exultation, triumph = feast eyes upon, sometimes gloat over (fallen enemies), Judg 16:27; Mic 7:10; Ezek 28:17; Obad 1:12; Obad 1:13; Ps 22:18; Ps 112:8; Ps 118:7.
  b. with אֶל person Isa 17:7 (subject עֵינַיִם; || שָׁעַה עַל); עַל person Exod 5:21 (J); עַלהָֿאָבְנָ֑יִם׳ר Exod 1:16 see [ אֹבֶן] and Comm., also SpiegelbZA xiv (June 1900), 269 ff.
  c. with ל, לַלֵּבָב ׳לַעֵינַיִם וְיוה יִר ׳הָאָדָם יִר 1Sam 16:7, מִי יִרְאֶהלָּֿ֑מוֺ Ps 64:6. — Corrupt is וּרְאִיתַנִי כְתוֺר הָאָדָם 1Chr 17:17 (and || וְזֹאת תּוֺרַת הָאָדָם 2Sam 7:19), read וַתַּרְאֵנִי (with other changes) We Dr Kau Bu HPS Now; Ezek 12:12 read probably Niph`al ᵐ5 Hi Co Krae; Mic 6:9 read probably יִרְאָה compare Now GASm. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִרְאָה Gen 48:3 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵרָאֶה Gen 22:14 +, jussive יֵרָא Exod 34:3; Lev 9:6, וַיֵּרָא Gen 12:17 +; 1 singular וָאֵרָא Exod 6:3, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הֵרָאֵה 1Kgs 18:1 Infinitive construct לְהֵרָאוֺת 1Sam 17:17 +, לֵרָאוֺת Isa 1:12 + 2 t., הֵרָאֹה Judg 13:21; 1Sam 3:21, etc.; —
1. appear, especially
  a. of ׳י (God): with אֶל person Gen 12:7 (twice in verse) + 6 t. J, Gen 35:1 (E), vGen 35:9; Gen 48:3; Exod 6:3 (בְּאֵל שַׁדַּי, ב essent.), Lev 9:4 (all P), 1Kgs 3:5; 1Kgs 9:2 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 7:12; 1Kgs 11:9 with ל person Jer 31:3; 2Chr 1:7; 2Chr 3:1 (insert ׳י ᵐ5 Kau Kit); absolute Gen 22:14 in the mountain where ׳י appeareth (probably, Di StaG i. 450 Dr Hast. DB ii. 563; E), Num 14:14 (J E; עַיִן בְּעַיִן, see Isa 52:8 Qal 8 a (5)), Lev 16:2 (P; ב location +עַל), 1Sam 3:21 (ב location), 2Sam 22:11 (עַלכַּֿנְפֵירֿוּחַ; < וַיֵּדֶא || Ps 18:11), + 5 t.; of ׳מַלְאַךְ י, with אֶל person Exod 3:2 (E), Judg 13:2l; of ׳כְּבוֺד י; with אֶל person Lev 9:6; Lev 9:23; Num 14:10 (ב location), Num 16:19; Num 20:6 (all P), Judg 6:12; Judg 13:3 עַל person Isa 60:2 absolute Exod 16:10 (ב location), Num 17:7 (both P).
  b. appear, of man, = present oneself: with אֶל person Gen 46:29 (J), Judg 13:10; 1Kgs 18:1; 1Kgs 18:2; 1Kgs 18:15; Lev 13:7 (twice in verse); Lev 13:19, אֶל of God Ps 84:8 (ב location), אֶלפְּֿנֵי הָאָדֹן Exod 23:17 (E); absolute Isa 16:12 (strike out as dittograph Lo Du CheHpt Marti and others); especially (Masora) followed by (אֶתֿ)פְּנֵי of ׳י, rendered appear before ׳י: so וְנִרְאָה 1Sam 1:22, יֵרָאֶה Exod 34:23 (JE), Deut 16:10, וְאֵרָאֶה Ps 42:3, יֵרָאוּ Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 34:20 (JE), Deut 16:16, לֵרָאוֺת Exod 34:24 (JE), Deut 31:11; Isa 1:12 read probably in all Qal (see [ פָּנֶה] II.2).


  c. appear, of things: late (Hexateuch only P), absolute Gen 1:9; Gen 8:5, with ב location Gen 9:14; Lev 13:14; Lev 13:57 elsewhere poet, Ps 18:16 = 2Sam 22:16; Ps 90:16; Prov 27:25 (of דֶּשֶׁא), Song 2:12 (ב location; of blossoms); subject מַרְאֵיהֶם Dan 1:15 ( +adjective predicate), vDan 1:13 (+ לְפָנֶיךָ); subject חָזוֺן, with אֶל person Dan 8:1 (twice in verse); subject כְּנֶגַע Lev 14:35 (with ל person).

2. be seen:
  a. subject thing, 1Kgs 10:12 = 2Chr 9:11 (where כָּהֶם subject) Ezek 19:11, of sins Ezek 21:29 (|| הִגָּלוֺת), subject כָּזֹאת Judg 19:30, כְּאֶבֶן etc. Ezek 10:1.
  b. subject person 2Sam 17:17 ( +לָבוֺא) be seen to come.
  c. be seen = occur 2Kgs 23:24 (ב location); = exist, +ל person Exod 13:7 (twice in verse) (JE), Deut 16:4, compare Ezek 10:8 = be present, + ב location Judg 5:8; Exod 34:3 (JE).
3. be visible, Exod 33:23 (J E; subject ׳י's face), אֵין אֶבֶן נִרְאָה 1Kgs 6:18; 1Kgs 8:8 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 5:9 (twice in verse), Jer 13:26; Isa 47:3. Pu`al Perfect 3 plural עַצְמֹתָיו לֹא רֻוְּ Job 33:21 (Baer Gi; d. f. Ki Köi. 41, 563, Mappik Ges«GKC:14d»§ 14d; van d. H. רֻאוּ), apparently his bones are not seen, detected; De which were (formerly) not seen; Di are insignificant ('un-scheinbar'), so Bae; probably corrupt, Bu נָאווּ, Du strike out as doublet. Hithpa`el reciprocal look at each other: Imperfect 2 masculine plural לָ֫מָּה תִּתְרָאוּ Gen 42:1 (E); techn. 3 masculine plural וַיִּתְרָאוּ פָנִים 2Kgs 14:11 = 2Chr 25:21 and they looked each other in the face, i.e. met in combat, so 1 pl, ׳נִתְרָאֶה פ 2Kgs 14:8 = 2Chr 25:17, compare (perhaps) 2Kgs 23:29, where Wkl Benz conjectures כְּהִתְרָאוֺת אִתּוֺ (or Niph`al כְּהֵרָאוֺת אִתּוֺ) for ᵑ0 כִּרְאֹתוֺ אֹתוֺ. Hiph`il62 Perfect 3 masculine singular הֶרְאָה Gen 41:28 +, suffix הִרְאַנִי Amos 7:1 +, הֶרְאָ֑נִי Ezek 11:25, הֶרְאָנוּ Deut 5:21; Judg 13:23, הֶרְאֱךָ Deut 4:36 1 singular יְהַרְאֵיתִ֫י Nah 3:5 (Ges«GKC:53p»§ 53p), suffix הֶרְאִיתִיךָ Deut 34:4, הִרְאִיתִים Isa 39:4 compare || 2Kgs 20:15, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַרְאֶה Isa 30:30, וַיַּרְא 2Kgs 11:4, suffix יַרְאֵנִי Num 23:3; Ps 59:11 1 singular suffix אַרְאֶךָּ Gen 12:1 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַרְאֵנִי Exod 33:18, etc.; Infinitive construct הַרְאוֺת Deut 3:24 +, suffix הַרְאוֺתְכָה Ezek 40:4 —
1. a. cause one to see something, shew: (I) subject man, with accusative of person + thing, Num 13:26b (JE), Judg 1:24; Judg 1:25; 2Kgs 20:13 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 20:15 = Isa 39:2 (twice in verse); Isa 39:4 + 4 t., accusative of thing omitted Ezek 40:4; Esth 4:8, accusative reflexive נַפְשׁוֺ +accusative of thing Eccl 2:24 מִי יַרְאֵנוּ טוֺב Ps 4:7, accusative of person omitted, = exhibit Esth 1:4 with 2 accusative of person Judg 4:22; 2Kgs 11:4. (2) especially subject ׳י (God), with accusative of person + thing, Gen 12:1; Exod 9:16 (both J), Gen 41:28; Gen 48:11 (both E), Exod 33:18; Deut 34:1b (both J E), Deut 3:24; Deut 4:36; Deut 5:21; Josh 5:6 (D), Exod 25:9 (P), Judg 13:23 + 5 t. + (of revelation to prophets) Num 23:3 (JE), Jer 38:21; Ezek 11:25, also, with accusative of thing of cognate meaning, Num 8:4 (P), accusative of thing omitted Deut 34:4 (JE), accusative of person omitted = exhibit, Isa 30:30 of visions, ׳י subject, with accusative of person +כֹּה Amos 7:1; Amos 7:4; Amos 7:7; Amos 8:1, +כַּאֲשֶׁר Exod 27:8 (P), with accusative of person only = cause to see [a vision] Jer 24:1 with 2 accusative of person + apposition 2Kgs 8:13, accusative of person + clause with כִּי v2Kgs 8:10. (3) subject angel, accusative of person + thing, of revelation to prophet Zech 2:3; Zech 3:1 accusative of person + clause with מָה Zech 1:9.
  b. cause, to experience something, with accusative of person + thing, subject ׳י, Hab 1:3; Ps 60:5; Ps 71:20; Ps 85:8. Psalm
2. cause to look intently at, to behold, with accusative of person +ב of thing (compare Qal 8), subject ׳י:
  a. cause to gaze at, with joy Ps 50:23; Ps 91:16.
  b. in exultation, cause to feast one's eyes upon, fallen enemies Ps 59:11 (compare MI7)
  c. in weakened sense, cause to behold Deut 1:33 (compare Dr). Psalms
Hoph`al 1. be caused to see, be shewn: Perfect 2 masculine singular הָרְאֵיתָ, subject man, accusative of thing, Exod 26:30 (P; ב location); so Participle מָרְאֶה Exod 25:40 (P; ב location); followed by infinitive אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי Deut 4:35.
2. be exhibited to, subject thing, accusative of person, Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְהָרְאָה אֶתהַֿכֹּהֵן Lev 13:49 (P).

BDB7661 H7200 H7207

BDB7660 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7662

רַאֲוָה Ezek 28:17 see √Qal Infinitive, and 8 a (6).

BDB9876 H7200

BDB9875 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9877

ר

ראה (√ of following; not Aramaic; Biblical Hebrew רָאָה see).

see, saw, seen, behold, looked, …
rāʾâ
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
  • to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider
    • (Qal)
      • to see
        • "to see, perceive"to see, have vision"to look at, see, regard, look after, see after, learn about, observe, watch, look upon, look out, find out"to see, observe, consider, look at, give attention to, discern, distinguish"to look at, gaze at
      (Niphal)
      • to appear, present oneself
        • "to be seen"to be visible
      (Pual) to be seen"(Hiphil)
      • to cause to see, show
        • "to cause to look intently at, behold, cause to gaze at
      (Hophal)
      • to be caused to see, be shown
        • "to be exhibited to
      (Hithpael) to look at each other, face

אֶת
אֶת
Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated
Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54
More options
[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.
with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.
from — Use when context implies source or separation.
along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.
together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.
among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

BDB852 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB854

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; ˜אֹתְךָ, ˜אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once ˜אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once ˜אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also ˜אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schrödp. 213 f.); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS1640 f., Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 WAG i. § 189. [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di§ 150 a; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Olp. 432; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol WAG i. § 188 LagM i. 226 affirm, NöZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
  a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿ˜כֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew§ 277 d 2 Ges«GKC:117»§ 117, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
  b. with a passive verb (Ges«GKC:121»§ 121. 1 Ew§ 295 b) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַ˜ברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare DrJPh xi. 227 f.): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew§ 281 b), as Exod 1:7 +.
  c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
  d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see WAG i. § 196, 43]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew§ 239 a).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
  a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1).
  b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
  c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so StaZAW 1883, 135). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. WilsonHebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff. (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see GieZAW 1881, 258 f.), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

BDB9599 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9601

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; ZinjirliHad. 28 with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb263 Cooke170; compare RÉS468); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …
ʾēt
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
  • sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

הַ נְּפִילִ֛ים
הַ
Prefix — article the
נְּפִילִ֛ים
Root word giants
Dictionary form: נְפִיל · neh-PEEL

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the giants
the giants ×2 giants ×1
More options
Nephilim — Retains the Hebrew term; preferred in scholarly contexts.
giant — Most accessible; suits narrative or popular translations.
mighty warrior — Emphasizes hero/warrior nuance over physical size.
fallen one — Reflects likely etymology from נָפַל, 'to fall'.

BDB5303 H5303

BDB5302 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5304

נְפִלִים noun masculine plural giants, according to ᵐ5 γίγαντες so ᵑ6 ᵑ9; הַנְּפִלִים Gen 6:4 (J), הַנְּפִילִים בְּנֵי עֲנָק מִןהַֿנְּפִלִים Num 13:33 (JE); ᵐ5 omit ׳בְּנֵי וגו, and so Di; these words perhaps doublet, but already in ⅏, also ᵑ9 (etymology dubious; compare Aramaic נִיפְלָא, נְפִילָא Orion; conjectures see in Thes Dion the passage; Tu Kn LenOr. i. 344, Eng. Tr. 345 f.; CheHebraica. iii (1887), 175, 176; all very precarious).

giants
nĕpîl
properly, a feller, i.e., a bully or tyrant
  • giants, the Nephilim

בְּנֵ֥י
בְּנֵ֥י
Root word son, children, sons, old, first, …
Dictionary form: בֵּן · bane

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: the sons
the son ×1140 the children ×607 of the children ×309 his son ×206 son ×179 the sons ×177 and the children ×160 sons ×155
More options
son — Core meaning; use for a single male offspring.
children — Preferred when the group is mixed or age is stressed.
sons — Use for a male plural or tribal/genealogical list.
descendants — Best for extended lineage or collective ethnic groups.
members — Idiomatic for constructs like 'members of the community/guild'.
young — Use for animal offspring or 'young of' constructions.

BDB1160 H1121

BDB1159 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1161

בֵּן4870 noun masculine son (MI Phoenician בן; so Sabean CISiv. No. 2, compare בני DHMSemitic Sprachforsch. 6; Arabic ; Assyrian bin (u), LyonSargon 9, 1. 57; especially in bin-bin, grandson COTGloss, compare Dl below; Aramaic בַּר, , plural בְּנִין, ; compare Palmyrene, especially VogNo. 21. 31. 36a and others; possibly originally connected with בנה build, so Thes, compare Assyrian bânu, begetter (DlPr 104 & compare BaZMG 1887, 638 ff.); but all traces of this √ lost in Hebrew form; √ perhaps originally bilit. (בִּן, בֵּן) בַּן ֗֗֗ see Sta§ 183) — absolute ׳בּ Gen 4:25 +; ֵ˜בּןֿ Ezek 18:10 construct בֵּן Gen 49:22 (twice in verse); בֶּןֿ Gen 5:32 +; בֶּן Esth 2:5; Neh 6:18, & with prefix Gen 17:17; Num 8:25; 1Chr 27:23; 2Chr 25:5; 2Chr 31:16; 2Chr 31:17 בְּנוֺ Num 23:18; Num 24:3; Num 24:15 בְּנִי Gen 49:11 בִּן Deut 25:2 בִּןֿ Exod 33:11 + 32 t. (29 t. in combination בִּןנֿוּן (ישׁוע, הושׁע) יהושׁע); suffix בְּנִי Gen 21:10 +; בִּנְךָ Exod 20:10 +; לִבֱנ֑ךָ Deut 7:3; 1Kgs 11:13 בְּנֵךְ Gen 30:14 +; בְּנוֺ Gen 4:17 +; בְּנָהּ Gen 21:10 +; plural בָּנִים Gen 3:16 +; construct בְּנֵי Gen 6:2 +; suffix בָּנַי Gen 31:43 +; בָּנֵינוּ Josh 22:25 +; בְּנֵיכֶם Exod 3:22 +, etc.; —

1. son, male child, born of a woman Gen 4:25; Gen 16:11; Gen 16:15; Gen 17:19 compare vGen 17:16; Gen 18:10; Gen 18:14; Gen 19:37; Gen 19:38 + often, compare בֶּןבִּֿטְנָהּ Isa 49:15 begotten by a man Gen 5:4f; Gen 5:28; Gen 6:10; Gen 11:11f. + often; || (בָּנוֺת) בַּת daughter Gen 5:4; Gen 5:7; Gen 5:10f. Gen 11:11; Gen 11:13; Gen 11:15f; Exod 20:10; Deut 5:14; Deut 16:11; Deut 16:14; 1Sam 30:3; 1Sam 30:6; Job 1:2; Job 42:13 +; of son as desired Gen 30:2 (compare Gen 15:2; Gen 16:2; Gen 17:17; Gen 18:10f.; 1Sam 1:5-11) 2Kgs 4:14; 2Kgs 4:28; Ps 127:3 +; rejoiced in Gen 30:6 +; beloved Exod 21:5; 2Sam 19:1; 2Sam 19:3; 2Sam 19:5; 1Kgs 3:26 cared for Deut 1:31 spared Mal 3:17 disciplined & trained Deut 8:5; Prov 3:12; Prov 13:24; Prov 19:18; Prov 29:17 owing reverence, obedience, etc. to parents Prov 6:20; Prov 10:1; Prov 13:1 בִּנְךָ בְּכוֺרְךָ thy first-born son Gen 27:32 הַבֵּן הַבְּכֹר Deut 21:15 compare 1Sam 8:2 בְּנָהּ הַגָּדֹל her elder son Gen 27:15; Gen 27:42 בְּנוֺ הַגָּדֹל Gen 27:1 בְּנָהּ הַקָּטָן her younger son Gen 27:15; Gen 27:42. In particular
  a. בֶּןאִֿמּוֺ son of his mother, i.e. own (uterine) brother Gen 43:29, compare Gen 27:29; Judg 8:19; Ps 50:20; Ps 69:9, & see אֵם; בְּנֵי אָבִיךָ sons of thy father = brethren Gen 49:8 (poetry)
  b. בְּנֵי דֹדֵיהֶן = cousins Num 36:11.
  c. בְּנִי my son, as term of kindliness or endearment, used by Eli to Samuel 1Sam 3:6; 1Sam 3:16 compare 1Sam 4:16; 1Sam 24:17; 1Sam 26:17; 1Sam 26:21; 1Sam 26:25, see also Prov 1:8; Prov 1:10; Prov 2:1 +; compare בִּנְךָ, used by Benhadad of himself to Elisha 2Kgs 8:9 by Ahaz to Tiglath-pileser 2Kgs 16:7 especially to express intimate and gracious relation with God: ׳י calls Israel בְּנִי בְכֹרִי Exod 4:22 compare vExod 4:23; Hos 11:1, see also Ps 80:16 (but compare Che); בָּנִים אַתֶּם ליהוה אלהיכם Deut 14:1 בְּנֵי עֶלְיוֺן Ps 82:6 (|| אלהים); בְּנֵי אֵלחָֿ֑י Hos 2:1 compare further Deut 32:5 (plural) vDeut 32:20 (plural) Isa 1:2; Isa 1:4; Isa 30:1; Isa 30:9; Jer 3:14; Jer 3:22; Jer 4:22; Jer 31:20 of future Davidic king 2Sam 7:14 = 1Chr 17:13 compare Ps 2:7 expressly referred to Solomon 1Chr 22:10; 1Chr 28:6 also of children (offered in fire) Ezek 16:21.
  d. בְּנֵי האלהים applied to supernatural beings Gen 6:2; Gen 6:4; Job 1:6; Job 2:1 בְּנֵי אלהים Job 38:7 בְּנֵי אֵלִים Ps 29:1 (on which compare Che's note) Ps 89:7.
  e. בֶּןאָֿדָם son of man, compare ׳בְּנֵי א, see אָדָם; בְּנֵי אִישׁ Ps 4:3 & (|| בני אדם) Ps 49:3; Ps 62:10. feminine בֶּןבִּֿנְךָ = thy grandson Exod 10:2; Deut 6:2; Judg 8:22 compare Jer 27:7 plural Exod 34:7; Exod 4:25; Exod 2:41; Exod 2:40; Job 42:16; Ps 128:6; Prov 13:22; Prov 17:6; Ezek 37:25 also בֵּן alone with similar reference Gen 29:5 (Laban son of Nahor); Laban calls his daughters' children his own sons Gen 31:28; Gen 31:43 compare Gen 32:1 so of Naomi Ruth 4:17 בְּנֵי רְבִעִים 2Kgs 10:30 sons of the fourth generation, and, in general, descendants Josh 22:24; Josh 22:25; Josh 22:27 +; see also below
  i. below
  g. constantly, as more precise designation, added to personal name כָּלֵב בֶּןיְֿפֻנֶּה Num 14:30; Num 32:12; Num 34:19 +; יְהוֺשֻׁעַ בִּןנֿוּן Num 11:28; Num 14:30; Num 32:12; Num 32:28; Num 34:17 +; יָרָבְעָם בֶּןנְֿבָט 1Kgs 12:2; 1Kgs 12:15 +, etc.; also without personal name (often with implication of contempt) בֶּןקִֿישׁ 1Sam 10:11 בֶּןיִֿשַׁי 1Sam 20:27; 1Sam 20:30; 1Sam 20:31; 1Sam 22:7; 1Sam 22:8; 1Sam 22:9; 1Sam 22:13; 1Sam 25:10; 2Sam 20:1 בְּנֵי צְרוּיָה 2Sam 16:10 בֶּןרְֿמַלְיָהוּ Isa 7:4; Isa 7:5; Isa 7:9; Isa 8:16 בֶּןטָֽֿבְאַ֑ל Isa 7:6 compare also בְּנֵי לֵוִי Num 16:7; Num 16:8.
  h. designated as בֶּןזְֿקֻנִים i.e. born in old age of father Gen 37:3 opposed to בְּנֵי הַנְּעוּרִים sons of one's youth Ps 127:4 also בֶּןבֵּֿיתִי one born in my house Gen 15:3 (i.e. slave) so בְּנֵי בַיִת Eccl 2:7.
  i. in various combinations: (α) as expression of contumely, בֶּןֿ נַעֲוַת הַמַּרְדּוּת 1Sam 20:30 בֶּןהַֿמְּרַצֵּחַ הַזֶּה 2Kgs 6:32 this son of a murderer; compare בְּנֵינָֿבָל Job 30:8 בְּנֵי בְלִישֵֿׁם ib.; בְּנֵי עֹנֲַנָה Isa 57:3 (|| זֶרַע מְנָאֵף); compare בֶּןאִֿשָּׁה אַחֶרֶת Judg 11:2 (compare vJudg 11:1); (β) as term of respect, dignity, בֶּןחֿוֺרִים son of nobles Eccl 10:17 (in Aramaic = free born); בֶּןחֲֿכָמִים Isa 19:11 בֶּןמַֿלְכֵיקֶֿדֶם ib.; compare בֶּןמֶֿלֶךְ Ps 72:1 (|| מֶלֶךְ); בֶּןאֲֿמָתֶ֑ךָ Ps 86:16 in addressing ׳י (|| עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ) & בְּנֵיעֲֿבָדֶיךָ Ps 102:29 of noble appearance בְּנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ Judg 8:18.
  j. often plural with name of ancestor, people, land, or city, to denote descendants, inhabitants, membership in a nation or family, etc.: (α) e.g. בְּנֵיעֵֿבֶר Gen 10:21 בְּנֵיחֵֿת Gen 23:3; Gen 23:5; Gen 23:7; Gen 23:10 (twice in verse); Gen 23:11; Gen 23:16; Gen 23:18; Gen 23:20; Gen 25:10; Gen 49:32 (all P); (בְּנֵישֵֿׁת Num 24:17 see below 8); בְּנֵיחֲֿמוֺר Gen 33:19; Josh 24:32 בְּנֵי עֵשָׂו Gen 36:5; Gen 36:15; Gen 36:19; Deut 2:4; Deut 2:8; Deut 2:12; Deut 2:22; Deut 2:29 בְּנֵי שֵׂעִיר Gen 36:20; Gen 36:21 בֶּןֿ(בני)הִנֹּם Josh 15:8 + (compare below גַּיְא); בְּנֵי לוֺט Deut 2:9; Deut 2:19; Ps 83:9 בְּנֵייֿוֺסֵף (literal Gen 46:27; Gen 48:8; 1Chr 5:1) Num 1:32; Num 26:28; Num 26:37; Num 34:23; Num 36:5 (׳י ׳מַטֵּה ב) + 6 t. Joshua, compare Ps 77:16 even בְּנֵי חֲצִי שֵׁבֶט מְנַשֶּׁה 1Chr 5:23 בְּנֵי דָוַיד (literal 2Sam 8:18 = 1Chr 18:17; 1Chr 3:1; 1Chr 3:9) 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 23:3; 2Chr 32:33 בְּנֵי אָסָף 2Chr 29:13; Ezra 2:41; Ezra 3:8 + (see אָסָף); בְּנֵי קֹרַח in titles of Psalm 42-49, 84, 85, 87, 88; especially (β) בְּנֵיעַֿמּוֺן (standing designation of people of Ammon) Gen 19:38 + 81 t. (compare עַמּוֺן & NöZMG 1886, 171 DrSm 66); בְּנֵי יַעֲקֹב (literal Gen 34:7; Gen 34:13; Gen 34:25; Gen 34:27; Gen 35:5; Gen 35:22; Gen 35:26; Gen 49:2) 2Kgs 17:34; Ps 105:6; Mal 3:6 compare Ps 77:16 & chiefly (γ) בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל (literal Gen 42:5; Gen 45:21; Gen 46:5; Exod 1:1) Exod 1:7 + 613 t., including Hexateuch 427 (of which 328 P, 49 E, 25 J, 25 D), Judg 61, Samuel Kings Chronicles 73 (23 in reference to ancient history, 10 in opposition to Judah); so also Vrss & variant reading sometimes for ׳בֵּית יִשׂ, e.g. Josh 21:43 + see Di, Ezek 3:1 + see Co; also the reverse Ezek 2:3 and elsewhere; note especially יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳עַם בּ Exod 1:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳עַמִּי בּ Exod 3:10; Exod 7:4 עֲדַת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Exod 16:1; Exod 16:2; Exod 16:9; Exod 16:10; Exod 17:1; Lev 16:5; Lev 19:2; Num 1:2; Num 1:53; Num 8:9; Num 8:20; Num 13:26; Num 15:25; Num 15:26; Num 17:6; Num 19:9; Num 25:6; Num 26:2; Num 31:12 (all P); ׳יִשׂ ׳דֹּרוֺת ב Judg 3:2 וְכָלהָֿעָם ׳יִשׂ ׳כָּלבֿ Judg 20:26 וּבְּנֵי הַלֵּוִי ׳יִשׂ ׳ב Neh 10:40 also (δ) בְּנֵי יְהוּדָה (literal Gen 46:12; Gen 26:19; 1Chr 2:3; 1Chr 2:10; 1Chr 4:1) Num 1:26 + 18 t. Numbers, Joshua, Judg 1:8; Judg 1:9; Judg 1:16 (so read also vJudg 1:21 vJudg 1:21 compare Josh 15:53 & see below בנימן) 2Sam 1:18; 1Chr 4:27 + 8 t. Chronicles, Jer 7:30 + 4 t. Jeremiah; Hos 2:2; Joel 4:6; Joel 4:8; Joel 4:19; Obad 1:12 (not in Kings, of Judah or of any other tribe, except בְּנֵי לֵוִי 1Kgs 12:31) including מַטֵּה בְּנֵי יהוּדָה Josh 15:1; Josh 15:20; Josh 15:21; Josh 21:1; 1Chr 6:50 for usage with other tribes of Israel, see the articles; — but note (ε) בְּנֵי לֵוִי (literal Gen 46:11; Exod 6:16; Num 3:17; 1Chr 5:27; 1Chr 6:1 compare 1Chr 23:6) Exod 32:28; Num 3:15; Num 16:7; Num 16:8; Num 18:21; Josh 21:10 (as including sons of Aaron etc.); כָּלבְּֿנֵי לֵוִי Exod 32:26 ׳ל ׳כָּלאַֿחֶיךָ ב Num 16:10 ׳ל ׳הַכֹּהֲנִים ב Deut 21:5; Deut 31:9 compare 1Kgs 12:31 & Mal 3:8; 1Chr 23:24; 1Chr 23:27; 1Chr 24:20; Ezra 8:15 (distinguished from priests) Neh 12:23; Ezek 40:46 (including בְּנֵי צָדוֺק the priests); also ׳ל ׳מַחֲנוֺת ב 1Chr 9:18 בְּנֵי הַלֵּוִי 1Chr 12:27; Neh 10:40 בְּנֵי הַלְּוִיִם 1Chr 15:15; 1Chr 24:30 (compare also לֵוִי); (ζ) בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן (literal Exod 28:1; Exod 28:40; 1Chr 5:29; 1Chr 24:1 often Aaron and his sons literal Exod 27:21; Exod 28:1; Exod 28:4 +) Lev 3:5; Lev 3:8; Lev 3:13; Lev 6:7; Lev 6:11; Lev 7:10; Lev 7:83; Josh 21:10; 1Chr 6:35; 1Chr 6:39; 1Chr 6:42; 1Chr 15:4 (+ Levites) 1Chr 24:1; 1Chr 24:31; Neh 12:47 also הַכֹּהֲנִים ׳בְּנֵי א Lev 1:5; Lev 1:8; Lev 1:11; Lev 2:2; Lev 3:2; Num 3:8; Num 10:8 & Josh 21:19; 2Chr 31:19 compare 2Chr 26:18; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 35:14 (twice in verse); בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן Lev 1:7; Josh 21:4 (as subdivision of Levites) vJosh 21:13 compare Lev 7:34 אֶתכֹּֿהֲנֵי יהוה אֶתבְּֿנֵי אַהֲרֹן וְהַלְּוִּיִּם 2Chr 13:9 compare v2Chr 13:10 once in singular הַכֹּהֵן בֶּןאַֿהֲרֹן Neh 10:39 see also below אַהֲרֹן; (η) בְּנֵי צָדוֺק הכהנים הלוים בני צדוק; Ezek 48:11 הכהנים הַמְֿקֻדָּשׁ מנגי צדוק (ᵐ5 Sm Co join מ of מבני to preceding word, making plural); (φ) בְּנֵי with names of peoples, lands, and cities, בְּנֵי כֻּשִׁיִּים Amos 9:7 בְּנֵי מִצְרַיִם Ezek 16:26 בְּנֵי אַשּׁוּר Ezek 16:28; Ezek 23:7; Ezek 23:9; Ezek 23:12; Ezek 23:23 אֶדֶץ הַבְּרִית ׳ב Ezek 30:5 (Co strike out ארץ); בָּבֶל ׳ב Ezek 23:15. Ezek 23:17; Ezek 23:28 יְרוּשָׁלַם ׳ב Joel 4:6 צִיּוֺן ׳ב Joel 2:23; Lam 4:2; Ps 149:2 (compare Zech 9:13). See further (ι) בְּנֵי עַמֶּ֑ךָ Lev 19:18 compare Lev 20:17; Num 22:5; Judg 14:16; Judg 14:17; Ezek 3:11; Ezek 33:2; Ezek 33:12; Ezek 33:17; Ezek 33:30; Ezek 37:18; Dan 12:1 בְּנֵי פָּרִיצֵי עַמְּךָ Dan 11:14 (κ) קֶבֶר בְּנֵי הָעָם 2Kgs 23:6; 2Chr 35:5; 2Chr 35:7; 2Chr 35:12 קִבְרֵי בְּנֵי הָעָם Jer 26:23 (λ) בְּנֵיקֶֿדֶם Gen 29:1; Judg 7:12; Judg 8:10; 1Kgs 5:10; Job 1:3; Isa 11:14; Jer 49:28; Ezek 25:4; Ezek 25:10 (μ) בְּנֵי הַמְּדִינָה Ezra 2:1 = Neh 7:6 (ν) of bulls, בְּנֵי בָשָׁן Deut 32:14 (song) compare KloSK 1872. 254 Di.
2. children (male and female) Gen 3:16; Gen 21:7; Exod 21:5; Exod 22:23 hence בְּנֵי מְנַשֶּׁה הַזְכָּרִים Josh 17:2 male children, בֵּן זָכָר Jer 20:15.
3. youth, young men (plural) Prov 7:7; Song 2:3.
4. the young of animals Lev 22:28 (שׁוֺר אוֺ שֶׂה) compare Deut 22:6; Deut 22:7; 1Sam 6:7; 1Sam 6:10; Zech 9:9; Job 4:11; Job 28:8; Job 39:4; Job 39:16 — בֶּןבָּֿקָר etc. see below 7 b below
5. of plant-shoots בֵּן פֹּרָת Gen 49:22 (twice in verse); also בֵּן Ps 80:16 ? (|| כַּנָּה; see Chetransl. & critical note)
6. figurative of lifeless things, בְּנֵי רֶשֶׁף sparks Job 5:7 stars עַיִשׁ עַלבָּֿנֶיהָ Job 38:32 arrows בֶּןקָֿ֑שֶׁת Job 41:2 בְּנֵי אַשְׁפָּתוֺ Lam 3:13 compare בֶּןגָּֿרְנִי i.e. corn of my threshing-floor Isa 21:10.
7. a. member of a guild, order or class, בְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים i.e. those belonging to the prophetic order 1Kgs 20:35; 2Kgs 2:3; 2Kgs 2:5; 2Kgs 2:7; 2Kgs 2:15; 2Kgs 4:1; 2Kgs 4:38 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 5:22; 2Kgs 6:1; 2Kgs 9:1 (Hoffm RSProph, 85, 388, Ki 15 f.; ZehnpfBAS i, 355 compare Assyrian mâr šipri (šiprâtum), son of a messenger = messenger, and explains from the son's succeeding to father's calling) & בֶּןנָֿבִיא Amos 7:14 probably also בְּנֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים 1Chr 9:30; Ezra 2:61; Ezra 10:18 בְּנֵי הַשֹּׁעֲרִים Ezra 2:42 compare בְּנֵי הַגְּדוּד 2Chr 25:13 men of the troop, see Palmyrene בנישירתא men of the caravan VogNo, 4 and others; also בְּנֵי הַגּוֺלָה = exiles Ezra 4:1; Ezra 6:19; Ezra 6:20; Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:7; Ezra 10:16 (see גולה below גלה): further, in בֶּןנֵֿכָר = foreigner (only P, poetry, & late) Gen 17:12; Gen 17:27; Exod 12:43; Lev 22:25; Ezek 44:9 (twice in verse); ׳הַֿנּ׳ב Isa 56:3 בְּנֵיִנֵֿכָר 2Sam 22:45; 2Sam 22:46 = Ps 18:45; Ps 18:46; Neh 9:2; Isa 60:10; Isa 61:5; Isa 62:8; Ezek 44:7; Ps 144:7; Ps 144:11, ׳בְּנֵיהַֿנּ Isa 56:6 also בְּנֵי הַתּוֺשָׁבִּים הַגָּרִים עִמָּכֶם Lev 25:4; Lev 25:5.
  b. of animals, בֶּןבָּֿקָר son of (the) herd, i.e. young one of the herd, בָּקָר וּבְנֵי בָקָר 1Sam 14:32 compare עֵגֶל בֶּןבָּֿקָר Lev 9:2 (P); then, in general, one of the herd: fit for food Gen 18:7; Gen 18:8 (J), for sacrifice Num 15:8; Num 15:9 (P); ׳בןהַֿב only Lev 12:6 (P); especially פַּר בֶּןבָּֿקָר Exod 29:1; Lev 4:3; Lev 4:14; Lev 16:3; Lev 23:18; Num 7:15 + 16 t. Numbers (all P) + 2Chr 13:9; Ezek 43:19; Ezek 43:23; Ezek 43:25; Ezek 45:18; Ezek 46:6 פָּרִים בְּנֵי בָּקָר Num 28:11; Num 28:19; Num 28:27; Num 29:13; Num 29:17 (P); also בְּנִי אֲתֹנוֺ Gen 49:11 (poem, J; || עִירֹה); בְּנֵיצֹֿאן Ps 114:4; Ps 114:6 בֶּןרְֿאֵמִים Ps 29:6 בְָּנֵי הָרַמָּכִים Esth 8:10 בְּנֵי (הַ)יּוֺנָה Lev 1:14 + 7 t. Lev + Num 6:10 compare בֶּןיֿוֺנָה Lev 12:6 (all P); בְּנֵיֿ נָ֑שֶׁר Prov 30:17 בְּנֵי עֹרֵב Ps 147:9.
8. ׳ב as relative noun followed by word of quality, characteristic, etc. especially (α) בֶּןֿ(בני)חַיִל = mighty man 1Sam 14:52; 1Sam 18:17; 2Sam 2:7; 2Sam 13:28; 2Sam 17:10 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 1:52 + 7 t. Chronicles; ׳אֲנָשִׁים בני ח Judg 18:2; 2Kgs 2:16 אֶלֶף אִישׁ מִבְּנֵי הֶחָ֑יִל Judg 21:10 (β) בְּנֵי עַוְלָה wicked men 2Sam 3:34; 2Sam 7:10; 1Chr 17:9; Hos 10:9 ׳בֶּןעֿ Ps 89:23 (for בני בליעל see בליעל); (γ) בְּנֵי מֶ֑רִי rebels Num 17:25 (compare בַּיִת); (δ) בְּנֵי הַתַּעֲרֻבוֺת sons of pledges = hostages 2Kgs 14:14 = 2Chr 25:24 (ε) בְּנֵי מָוֶת i.e. those deserving of death 1Sam 26:16 so בֶּןמֿות 2Sam 12:5 בְּנֵי תְמוּתָה appointed or exposed to death Ps 79:11; Ps 102:21 compare (ζ) בִּן הַכּוֺת one worthy of smiting Deut 25:2 (η) בְּנֵי עֹ֑נִי Prov 31:5 (θ) בְּנֵי חֲלוֺף Prov 31:8 (ι) בְּנֵי שָׁאוֺן Jer 48:45 = tumultuous ones; so also (= שֵׁאת) בְּנֵי שֵׁת Num 24:17 compare RV Di and others; (κ) כְּנֵי הַיִּצְהָר Zech 4:14 i.e. anointed ones; (λ) בֶּןמֶֿשֶׁק Gen 15:2 son of possession, i.e. heir; (μ) הֵילֵל בֶּןשָֿׁ֑חַר Isa 14:12 son of dawn; (ν) of animals בְּנֵיִ שָׁ֑הַץ i.e. proud beasts Job 28:8; Job 41:26 (ξ) of Jonah's gourd בִּןלַֿיְלָה Jonah 4:10 (twice in verse); (ο) of a fertile hill קֶרֶן בֶּןשֶֿׁמֶן Isa 5:1.
9. noun relative of age:
  a. of men, וַיְהִי נֹחַ בֶּןהֲֿמֵשׁ מֵאוֺת שָׁנָה Gen 5:32 compare Gen 7:6 + 71 t. P; Gen 50:26; Josh 14:7. Josh 14:10; Josh 24:29 (all E); Num 32:11 (J), Deut 31:2 also Judg 2:8; 1Sam 4:15; 2Sam 4:4; 2Sam 19:33; 2Sam 19:36; 1Chr 2:21; 1Chr 23:3; 1Chr 23:24; 1Chr 23:27; 1Chr 27:3; 2Chr 24:15; 2Chr 25:5; 2Chr 31:16; 2Chr 31:17; Ezra 3:8; Isa 65:20 (twice in verse); Jer 52:1 + 41 t. Samuel Kings Chronicles, of kings of accession; note especially (included in above) the phrase מִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה וָמָ֑עְלָה Exod 30:14; Exod 38:26; Num 1:3 + 21 t. Numbers 1-3 + Num 26:2; Num 26:4; Num 32:11; 1Chr 23:24; 1Chr 23:27; 2Chr 25:5; Ezra 3:8 compare Lev 27:7; Num 8:24; Num 26:62; 1Chr 23:3 & without מעלה Num 8:25; Num 18:16 also מִבֶּן עשׂרים שׁנה וְעַד בֶּןשִֿׁשִּׁים שָׁנָה Lev 27:3 compare vLev 27:5 vLev 27:6 מִבֶּן שׁלשׁים שׁנה ומעלה ועד בןחֿמשׁים שׁנה Num 4:3 (twice in verse) + 12 t. Num 4 מבּן שׁלושׁ שׁנים וּלְמַ֫עְלָה 2Chr 31:16 compare v2Chr 31:17 & לְמִבֶּן עשׂרים שׁנה וּלְמָ֑טָּה 1Chr 27:23.
  b. of animals, (Hexateuch all P, including H) בֶּןשָֿׁנָה Exod 12:5; Exod 29:38; Lev 9:3; Lev 23:18; Lev 23:19; Num 7:17 + 28 t. Num 7, 28, 29; also Mic 6:6 בֶּןשְֿׁנָתוֺ Lev 12:6; Lev 23:12; Num 6:12; Num 6:14 + 12 t. Num 7 also Ezek 46:13.Note. — בן appears perhaps abbreviated as בּ in a few compound proper names; see בִּדְקַר (= בֶּןדֿקר?), בִּלְשָׁן, בִּמְהָל, בַּעֲלִיס, בַּעֲנָה, בִּרְשַׁע, בִּשְׁלָם (so MV after Schol. Hamâsa3 ed. Freytag; Röde libr, hist, interpr, Arab, 20, 21; but this is very uncertain, compare Ol§ 227 b, p. 613). — On Lag's explanation of אבי in some proper names as for אבן = בן compare LagBN 75 & see אבינר p. 4, etc., but this is dubious

BDB1169 H1121

BDB1168 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1170

בְּנוֺ 1Chr 24:26; 1Chr 24:27 as proper name, masculine in AV RV, but render: the sons of Jaaziah his son, & the sons of Merari by Jaaziah his son, compare VB & Be Öttli.

BDB9386 H1247 H1121 H1248 H1123

BDB9385 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9387

I. בַּר noun masculine son (ᵑ7 id.; Syriac , Mandean ברא NöM § 148, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene בר (and בן) Lzb242 f.; Sabean בר according to MordtmVOJ x. 154 f.; = בֵּן, = becoming ר, PhilippiZMG xxxii (1878), 36 ff. BrockSyr. Gr. § 76 and others; √ different from בן according to JHMich Thes K§ 63 and others; Biblical Hebrew בַּר Aramaism for בֵּן); — construct ׳ב Dan 3:25 +; suffix בְּרֵהּ Dan 5:22 plural construct בְּנֵי Ezra 6:9 +; suffix בְּנ֫וֺהִי Ezra 6:10; Ezra 7:23, בְּנֵיהוֺן Dan 6:25 —

1. son(s) Ezra 5:1; Ezra 5:2 (twice in verse); Ezra 6:14; Dan 5:22; Dan 6:25; Ezra 6:10; Ezra 7:23 בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezra 6:16 = Israelites, בְּנֵי גָלוּתָא = captives vEzra 6:16; Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 6:14 בַּראֱֿנָשׁ Dan 7:13 i.e. one of human kind, בְּנֵי אֲנָשָׁא men Dan 2:38; Dan 5:21 בַּראֱֿלָהִין Dan 3:25 a divine (or angelic) being (see Dr, and compare Biblical Hebrew Gen 6:2; Job 1:6); ׳בַּר שְׁנִין וגו Job 6:1 a son of 62 years = 62 years old (Biblical Hebrew בֵּן 9).
2. of bullocks, בְּנֵי תוֺרִין Ezra 6:9.

II. בַּר see ברר.

son, children, sons, old, first, …
bēn
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or condition, etc., (like father or brother), etc.)
  • son, grandson, child, member of a group
    • son, male child
      • "grandson"children (plural, male and female)"youth, young men (plural)"young (of animals)"sons (as characterization, i.e., sons of injustice (for unrighteous men) or sons of God (for angels)"people (of a nation) (plural)"of lifeless things, i.e., sparks, stars, arrows (figuratively)"a member of a guild, order, class

עֲנָ֖ק
עֲנָ֖ק
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Of anak")
Dictionary form: עָנָק · aw-NAWK

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: of anak
of anak ×9
More options
Anak — Standard proper name; use in all narrative contexts.
the Anakite ancestor — Clarifies referent when context needs explanation.
the giant Anak — Highlights traditional association with giants/Nephilim.

BDB6237 H6061 H6062

BDB6236 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6238

I. עֲנָק noun [masculine] neck, only in epithet of people בְּנֵי הָעֲנָק long-necked (tall) men, early giant people about Hebron and in Philistia, Ενακ, Εναχ, Josh 15:14 (JE) = Judg 1:20, without article Num 13:33 (JE), Deut 9:2 also ׳יְלִדַי הָע Num 13:22; Num 13:28; Josh 15:14 (all J E); called also עֲנָקִים long-necks, Ενακειμ, Josh 14:12; Josh 14:15 (JE), Josh 11:21; Josh 11:22 (D), Deut 2:10; Deut 2:11; Deut 2:21 + Jer 47:5 (read עֲנָקִים for ᵑ0 עִמְקָם), and perhaps 1Chr 12:16 (see עֵמֶק near the end); בְּנֵי עֲנָקִים 1Chr 1:28 (ᵐ5 γίγαντες, compare Num 13:33), Num 9:2 עֲנָק later (erroneously) as eponymous ancestor of Anakim Josh 15:13 = עֲנוֺק Josh 21:11 (both P). — See especially MeyZAW i (1881), 139 GFMJudg 1:10. 20 CheEncy. Bib. ANAK.

anak
ʿānāq
neck
Anak, a Canaanite
  • progenitor of a family, tribe, or race of giant people in Canaan

מִן
מִן
Preposition of, from, than, for, thereof, …
Dictionary form: מִן · min

Preposition

In the KJV here: which come of
from ×263 of ×236 out of ×139 and of ×48 than ×42 from me ×18 for ×17 thereof ×16
More options
from — Most common spatial or temporal origin; broadly useful.
out of — Emphasizes emergence or extraction from within something.
of — Partitive or genitive relationship; use for 'some of' contexts.
than — Use in comparative constructions; e.g. 'greater than'.
since — Temporal use; marks a starting point in time.
among — Distributive sense; source is a group or collective.

BDB4709 H4480

BDB4708 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4710

מִןֿ and מִּ , before יְ (except Dan 12:2; 2Chr 20:11) contracted to מִי (as מִידֵי from מִיְּדֵי), before guttural and ר, mostly מֵ, occasionally מִ (Ges«GKC:102»§ 102, l R.; more fully Köii. 291ff), מִן before article in all books much commoner than -מֵ; מִן; before other words most frequently in Chronicles [51 t.: elsewhere 47 t. (Kö292)]; in poetry also מִנִּי, with the old י of the genitive (Ges«GKC:90»§ 90.3a) Judg 5:14 (twice in verse); Isa 46:3 (twice in verse); Ps 44:11; Ps 44:19; Ps 68:32; Ps 74:22; Ps 78:2; Ps 78:42; Ps 88:10 + 19 t. Job, and in לְמִנִּי Mic 7:12 (twice in verse) and מִנֵּיֿ (on analogue of עֲדֵי, עֲלֵי) Isa 30:11 (twice in verse), preposition expressing the idea of separation, hence out of, from, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not (Phoenician מ; Aramaic ; Arabic >; Ethiopic ; Sabean בן (DHMZMG xxix.606 ff.; xxxvii.375)); with suff, מִמֶּנִּי (the מִן reduplicated, Ol§ 223c, and others, Köii. 289 f.), in poetry מִנִּי Isa 22:4; Isa 30:1; Isa 38:12; Job 16:6, מֶ֫נִּי Ps 18:23; Ps 65:4; Ps 139:19; Job 21:16; Job 22:18; Job 30:10 מִמְּךָ, מִמֶּ֑ךָּ, מִמֵּךְ; מִמֶּ֫נּוּ ( Job 4:12 מֶ֫נְהוּ), מִמֶּ֫נָּה; 1 plural מִמֶּ֫נּוּ (according to Orientals מִמֵּ֫נֿוּ: see BaerJob. p. 57 Kö290); מִכֶּם; מֵהֶם (מִנְּהֶם Job 11:20), מֵהֵ֫מָּה Jer 10:2; Eccl 12:12 מֵהֵ֫נָּה 7 t. (see הֵ֫מָּה 8 c), מֵהֶן (editions מֵהֵן) Ezek 16:47; Ezek 16:52 (see ZerweckHeb, Präp. Min, 1894): — 1. with verbs expressing (or implying) separation or removal, whether from a person or place, or in any direction, also from guilt, calamity, etc.: — thus
  a. to descend from a mountain Exod 19:14, to fall from a roof Deut 22:8, from heaven Isa 14:12, to go up from a valley Josh 10:7, to raise up from the dunghill 1Sam 2:8, or the ground 2Sam 12:17. So constantly with verbs of going, as בא, הלך, שׁב, ברח (followed by a person, usually מפני), of calling, as Isa 24:14 צָֽהֲלוּ מִיָּם, Isa 42:10; Isa 42:11; Ps 148:1 of asking or exacting as שׁאל, בקשׁ, דרשׁ, נָקַם,הִנָּקֵם, of delivering, as הושׁיע, הציל, etc., of hiding as נעלם, העלים, etc., of taking or withholding, as לקח, חשׂך, מנע, of keeping (from), as נצר, שׁמר, of being far, or desisting, as רחק Exod 23:7, חֲדַל מִמֶּנּוּ desist from us,Exod 14:2, so הֶרֶף Deut 9:14,הֵנִיחַ Deut 12:10, השׁקיט > Ps 94:13, שׁבת Gen 2:2, compare Gen 5:29 note especially the pregnant constructions, שׁפט to judge (and save) from Ps 43:1, followed by מִיַּד 1Sam 24:16 +, ענה to answer (and save) from Ps 22:22, חרשׁ and חשׁה to be silent (turning) from Ps 28:1 (twice in verse), החרישׁו ממני Job 13:13; Jer 38:27; Ps 18:22 ולא רשׁעתי מאלהי not did wickedly (turning) from my God, Ps 30:4 Kt., Ps 73:27, כלזֿוֺנֶה ממך, Jer 3:20 בָּגַד מִן (ᵐ5 εἰς = ב), Jer 31:13 with שִׂמַּח (2Chr 20:27), Ezek 27:34; Prov 25:17 הֹקַר רַגְלְךָ מִבֵּית רֵעֶ֫ךָ, Isa 29:4; Isa 63:17; Joel 1:12; Jer 51:5 אַלְמָן מֵאֱלֹהָיו widowed (and severed) from etc., Ezek 44:22 also Judg 7:17 מִמֶּנִּי תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ ye shall see from me, i.e. learn what to do by observing me. Some of the verbs mentioned above are construed more precisely with מֵאֵת, מֵעִם, מֵעַל, q. v.: and others, especially לקח, דרשׁ, הושׁיע, הצּיל, פּדה, פִּלֵּט, idiomatic with מִיַּד. With infinitives, see below 7 b. often also with adverbs, as מִשָּׁם thence, מֵאַיִן whence ? מִוֶּה, מִפֹּה hence. compare also חָפְשִׁי מִן free (safe) from Job 3:19, עֵזֶר מִצָּרָיו a help from his foes Deut 33:7; Nah 3:11 מָעוֺז מֵאוֺיֵב, Ps 32:7 סֵתֶר מִצַּר, Ps 60:13 עֶזְרָת מִצָּ֑ר, Isa 4:6 צֵל מֵחֹרֶב a shadow from, the heat, Isa 25:4. Here also belong Isa 40:15 מַר מִדְּלִי a drop from (hanging from) a bucket; Song 4:1 goats שֶׁגָָּֽלְשׁוּ מהר גלעד that sit up (seeming to hang) from the hills of Gilead (compare Od. 21. 420 ἐκ διφροιο καθήμενος: also the Arabic idiom , literally to be near from a thing): probably also the difficult passage Dan 8:9, and from one of them there came forth מִצְּעִירָה קֶרֶן אַחַת a horn from (being) a little one, i.e. gradually increasing from small beginnings (but ? read אַחֶרֶת צְעִירָה Bev compare Dan 7:8).
  b. מן also, without a verb of similar significance, sometimes expresses the idea of separation, away from, far from (compare II. 2. 162 φίλης ἀπὸ πατρίδος αἴης): Prov 20:3 שֶׁכֶת מֵרִיב to sit away from strife (compare ap. De), Num 15:24 if the thing be done מֵעֵינֵי הָעֵדָה away from the eyes of etc., Judg 5:11 De RV (but Be RVm because of), Isa 14:19 cast out מִקִּבְרְךָ away from thy sepulchre, Job 28:4 דַּלּוּ מֵאֱנוֺשׁ, Gen 4:11 cursed art thou האדמה מןֿ, De Di away from the (tilled) soil, compare vGen 4:14 (but Kn Ke from, compare vGen 4:12 a), Gen 27:39 (probably) הָאָרֶץ מִשְׁמַנֵּי away from the fatness of the earth shall be thy dwelling; almost = without, Job 11:15 then shalt thou lift up thy face מִמּוּם away from, without spot, Job 19:26 (probably) מִבְּשָׂרִי without my flesh shall I see God, Job 21:9 בָּֽתֵּיהֶם שָׁלוֺם מִפַּחַד are at peace without fear, Prov 1:33; Jer 48:45 fleeing עָֽמְדוּ מִכֹּחַ they stand without strength, Isa 22:3 מִקֶּשֶׁת אֻסָּ֫רוּ (Hi De Di Che) they were bound without the bow (being used) (but Ges as 2 e: by the bowmen), Zeph 3:18. (On 2Sam 13:16 see We or Dr). See also 7 b. with of position, off, on the side of, on, especially with reference to quarters of the heavens (compare πρὸς Νότου, ἐκ δεξιῶν, a fronte, a tergo, etc.): Gen 2:8 ׳י planted a garden in Eden מִקֶּדֶם off, on the east, Gen 12:8 מִקֶּדֶם בֵּיתְאֵל מִיָּם וְהָעַי Bethel off (on) the West and `Ai off (on) the East; so מִמִּוְרָח, מִצָּפוֺן, מִנֶּגֶכ Josh 11:3; Josh 15:8; Josh 18:5; 1Sam 14:5, etc.: similarly מִיָּמִין on the right, מִשְּׂמאֹול on the left, מִמּוּל and (more rarely) מִפָּנִים on the front, מֵאָחוֺר = behind (2Sam 10:9), מִסָּבִיב Deut 12:10 + round about, מִמַּעַל, מִלְמַעְלָה, and מֵעָ֑ל (rare) = above, מִתַּחַת Exod 20:4 + beneath, מִבַּיִת on the inside, מִחוּץ on the outside Gen 6:14 +, מִנֶּגֶד in front, at a distance, Gen 21:16 +, מֵרָחוֺק Exod 2:4 + afar off, מִפְּנִ֫ימָה within, מִזֶּהמִ֗֗֗וֶּה and מִפֹּה מִפֹּה ֗֗֗ on this side . . . on that side. And so even with verbs of motion, as Gen 11:2 מִקֶּדֶם ויהי בנסעם as they journeyed — not from, but — on, the side of the east, virtually = eastwards, Gen 13:11 and Lot journeyed מקדם east, Isa 17:13; Isa 22:3 ברחו מֵרָחוֺק they fled — not from afar but — afar, Isa 23:7 whose feet used to carry her מֵרָחוֺק afar off to sojourn, Isa 57:9 thou didst send thy messengers עדמֿרחוק even to afar. With a following לְ (or suffix), most of these words are frequently in the sense of on the east (west, etc.) of . . ., as Josh 8:13 לָעִיר מִיָּם on the west of the city, מִקֶּדֶם לְ Gen 3:24, מִצְּפוֺן לְ (construct Ges«GKC:130a»§ 130 a, n.) Josh 8:11; Josh 8:13; Josh 24:30, מִימִינֶ֑ךָ Ps 91:7, מִתַּחַת לְ Gen 1:7, מִמַּעַל לְ Gen 22:9, מִבֵּית לְ Lev 16:2: מֵאַחֲרֵי behind Exod 14:19 מִצַּד בֵּיתְאֵל beside Bethel Josh 12:9, מִצִּדּוֺ beside it 1Sam 6:8, מֵעֵבֶר לַיַּרְדֵּן on the other side of Jordan Num 21:1 +; מֵהָֽלְאָה לְ beyond Amos 5:27 tablets written מִשְּׁנֵי עֶבְרֵיהֶם on both their sides, מִכָּלעֲֿבָרָיו Jer 49:32 + (see further the words cited). So מֵהַבַּיִת on the side of the house Ezek 40:7; Ezek 40:8; Ezek 40:9, מֵאֵצֶל beside Ezek 40:7; 1Sam 20:21 the arrows are מִמְּךָ וָהֵנָּה from thee and hither = on this side of thee, v1Sam 20:22 מִמְּךָ וָהָֽלְהָא, compare Num 32:19 (twice in verse).

2. Out of, Greek ἐκ, Latin ex: thus
  a. מִמִּצְרַיִם out of Egypt: so
   (a) with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling, etc., as הוֺצִיא, יָצָא (see יָצָא), שִׁלַּח Gen 3:23, לָקַח Gen 34:26, גָנַב Gen 40:15, הִכְרִית Exod 8:5; Ps 101:8, גֵּרֵשׁ Judg 11:7, etc.; to draw out of water, a pit, etc. Exod 2:10; Ps 40:3 to cast out of the hand Judg 15:17 to rescue out of the mouth Amos 3:12 to drink מִכּוֺס 2Sam 12:3; Deut 30:3 וְקִבֶּצְךָ מִןהָֿעַמִּים, Ezek 11:17; Ezek 36:24 +: pregnantly with חָרֵד Hos 10:10; Hos 10:11, רגז Mic 7:17 to tremble (and come) out of, חרג Ps 18:46 (|| 2Sam 22:46 חגר), 2Sam 74:11; Isa 38:17 חָשַׁק (ni חָשַׂךְ leg.), Ezek 28:16 חִלֵּל, Ezra 2:62 compare נִשְׁכַּח מִפֶּה Deut 31:21, מִלֵּב Ps 31:13. In this application, often made more definite by the use of מִתּוֺךְ ֗֗֗ , מִקֶּרֶב ֗֗֗ out of the midst of.
   (b) of the place out of which one looks, speaks, exerts power, etc., Gen 4:10; Num 24:19 (Ps 110:1), Deut 4:35 קלו מןהֿשׁמים השׁמיעך אתֿ, Amos 1:2 מציון ישׁאג ׳י, Ps 14:2; Ps 20:3 send thee help מִקֹּדֶשׁ, vPs 14:7 יַעֲנֵהוּ מִשְּׁמֵי קָדְשׁוֺ, Ps 42:7; Ps 68:36; Ps 85:12; Ps 109:10 ודרשׁו מחרבזתיהם seek (their bread) out of their desolate homes (but Ew De as 1 b far from; ᵐ5 Gr Che יְגָֹֽרְשׁוּ let them be driven from), Ps 128:5; Ps 130:1; Job 27:23; Isa 29:18 to see out of darkness, Song 2:9 to look out מִןהַֿחַלֹּנוֺת from the windows (usually בעד), Song 5:4 he put forth his hand מִןהַֿחוֺר from (i.e. in through) the hole (in the door or wall).
   (c) with בָּחַר to choose out of, Exod 18:25 + often, compare with הִבְדִּיל Deut 29:20; 1Kgs 8:53,with יָדַע Amos 3:2; Exod 19:5 ye shall be to me סְגֻלָּה מכלהֿעמים a treasure (chosen) out of all peoples (compare with בָּחַר Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2).
  b. of the material out of which anything is formed, or from which it is derived:
   (a) Gen 2:19 to form מןהֿאדמה out of the soil, vGen 2:23 מִבְּשָׂרִי עֶצֶם מֵעֲצָמַי וּבָשָׂר, Exod 39:1; Num 6:4; Hos 13:2 to make images מִכַּסְפָּם, Ps 16:4 נִסְכֵּיהֶם מִדָּם, Ps 45:14; Song 3:9; Isa 40:17 מאפס ותהו נחשׁבולֿו as made of nought and unreality are they reckoned by him (|| כְּאַיִן נֶגְדּוֺ), Isa 41:24 הֵן אַתֶּם מֵאַיִן (|| מֵאָ֑פַע, read מֵאָ֑פֶם), Ps 62:10 מֵהֶבֶל (al. 6 c), Prov 13:11; Exod 25:19; Exod 25:31 its cups, its knops, etc., ממנה יהיו shall be from it (i.e. of one piece with it), so vExod 25:35 vExod 25:36; Exod 27:2; Exod 30:2 al.;
   (b) with verbs of eating, filling, etc., as שׁתה Gen 9:21; Job 21:20 מֵחֲמַת שַׁדַּי יִשְׁתֶּה, Song 8:2 הִשְׁקָה, רָוָה Ps 36:9 +, רִוָּה Isa 34:7, שׂבע Prov 18:20 +, השׂביע Ps 81:17 +, מִלֵּא (rare) Ps 127:5: compare Deut 32:42 אַשְׁכִּיר חִצַּי מִדָּם, Isa 51:21; Ps 28:7 (peculiar) וּמִשִּׁירִי אֲהוֺדֶנּוּ out of song I will thank him (Ps 69:31 ׳ב), also (unusual) Isa 2:3 וְיוֺרֵנוּ מִדְּרָכָיו i.e. out of (the treasure of) his ways (al. particle = some of), Ps 94:12b מִתּוֺרָֽתְךָ תְלַמְּדֶנּוּ; Eccl 7:10 to speak מֵחָכְמָה (compare Rabb מִתּוֺךְ).
  c. of the source or origin: namely
   (a) of parents, Gen 16:2 אִבָּנֶה ממנה I shall be built up out of her (so Gen 30:3), Gen 17:16 מלכי עמים ממנה יהיו, Gen 35:11a: often of coming forth מִבֶּטֶן Job 1:21, מֵחֲלָצֶיךָ Gen 35:11b, ממעיך Gen 15:4, Isa 2:20 ׳י give thee seed from this woman; compare Job 16:4 מִי יִתֵּן טָהוֺר מִטָּמֵא
   (b) of the tribe or people, from which a person comes (compare 1 a), Num 3:12 ׳כל בכור ֗֗֗ מכני ישׂר, Josh 12:4; 2Sam 4:2; 2Sam 21:2; Jer 1:1 +; and so of a person's native place, as Judg 12:8 אבצן מבית לחם Ibzan from Biblical, Judg 13:2 אִישׁ מִצָּרְעָה Judg 17:1; Judg 17:7; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:1; 2Sam 23:20; 2Sam 23:30; Amos 1:1 +, compare Jer 46:25 אָמוֺן מִנּאֹ; Isa 48:1 וּמִמֵּי יְהוּדָה יָצָֽאוּ, vIsa 48:2 מֵעִיר הַקֹּדֶשׁ נִקְ˜ראוּ, Isa 58:12 וּבָנוּ מִמֵךְ (those) from thee shall build, Ps 68:27 מִמְּקוֺר ישׂראל ye (sprung) from the fountain of Israel, Mic 5:1; Nah 1:11 vNah 1:14 figurative מִשִּׁמְךָ), Zeph 3:18; Jer 30:21; Zech 10:4.
   (c) of beasts and things, Gen 2:7 עָפָר מִןהָֿאֲדָמָה, Jer 5:6 אַרְיֵה מִיַּעַר a lion from the woods, Ps 80:14 חֲזִיר מִיַּעַרִ; compare Ps 10:18 אֶנוֺשׁ מִןהָֿאָרֶץ man from the earth (terrenus), Ps 72:16 יָצִיצוּ מֵעִיר; Job 28:12 וְהַחָכְמָה מֵאַיַן תִּמָּצֵא.
   (d) מִלֵּב Isa 59:13; Job 8:10, especially with reference to what is self-devised, Num 16:28 כִּי לֹא מִלִּבִּי, Num 24:13; 1Kgs 12:33; Neh 6:8 נְבִיאֵי מִלִּבָּם Ezek 13:2.
  d. of the source or author of an action, counsel, or event: 1Sam 24:14 מֵרְשָׁעִים יֵצֵא רֶשַׁע, 2Sam 3:37 היתה מהמלך לא it was not from the king to, etc.; specifically of ׳י, Gen 24:50 יצא הדבר ׳כי מי, Judg 14:4 knew הוא ׳כי מי that it was from J., 1Kgs 2:15 ׳היתה לו כי מי, Prov 16:1; Prov 20:24 מִצְעֲדֵי גֶבֶר ׳מי, Ps 37:39; Ps 62:2 מִמֶּנּוּ יְשׁוּעָתִי, Hos 8:4 they have made kings, מִמֶּנִּי וְלֹא not from me, i.e. not at my prompting, Isa 30:1; Isa 50:11 (מִיָּדִי) Ezek 3:17 end = Ezek 33:7 and warn them from me, 1Chr 5:22; 1Chr 13:2; 2Chr 22:7; 2Chr 25:20 (synonym מֵאֵת, מֵעִם, which are more frequent in this sense); in poetry Hos 7:5 חֲמַת מִיַּיִן heat from wine, Ps 9:14 מִ˜שּׂנְאַי עָנְיִי at the hands of my haters, Ps 74:22; Job 4:13 שְׂעִפִּים מֵחֶזְיֹנוֺת לַיְלָה thoughts (arising) out of, etc., Job 6:25 הוֺכֵחַ מִכֶּם reproof proceeding from you, Job 20:29 (twice in verse), Ps 78:2 חִידוֺת מִקֶּדֶם indirect lessons (springing) out of antiquity; Dan 11:31 זְרֹעִים מִמֶּנּוּ (Köiii. 241). As marking the author of a judgment or estimate (rare), Num 32:22 וּמִיִּשְׂרָאֵל ׳נְקִיִּם מי guiltless at the hands of (= in the judgment of) J. and Israel (compare מֵעִם 2Sam 3:28; Job 34:33), Job 4:17 shall man be just מֵאֱלֹהַּ at God's hands ? (|| מֵעשֵֹׁהוּ), Jer 51:5b (Ges Gf.); so in ׳חָלִילָה לִי מי.
  e. of the immediate, or efficient, cause (chiefly in poetry), in consequence of, at by (compare Greek ἀπό, as Hd. 2:54 ζήησιν ἀπὸ σφέων γενέσθαι):
   (a) the cause, a person Gen 19:36 + הָֽרְתָה מן to be pregnant by, Gen 49:25; 1Sam 31:3 וַיָּחֶל מֵהַמּוֺרִים was in anguish from the archers, Hos 7:4 בֹּעֵ֫רָה מֵאֹפֶה (ni בֹּעֵר הֵם leg.: see We), Ps 18:9; Nah 1:5 הרים רעשׁו ממנו, Dan 11:31 (accents); with passive verb, Nah 1:6 הצורים נִתְּצוּ ממנו, Ps 37:23 (compare Prov 20:24 d), Job 24:1; Eccl 12:11; Dan 8:11.
   (b) the cause, a thing, Gen 49:24 his arms were agile מידי אביר יעקב from the hands, etc., Isa 6:4 the thresholds shook מִקּוֺל הַקּוֺרֵא (so מקול elsewhere, as Isa 30:31; Isa 33:3; Jer 8:16), Jer 28:7 תָעוּ מִןהַֿשֵּׁכָר (|| ב), Jer 31:4; Jer 31:9; Jer 10:10; Ezek 19:10 became fruitful מִמַּיִם רַבִּים, Ezek 31:5; Job 4:9 מִנִּשְׁמַת אֱלוֺהַּ יאֹבֵדוּ at the breath of God, Job 14:9 מֵרֵיחַ מַיִם יַפְרִחַ, Job 31:23; Job 39:26 הֲמִבִּינָָֽתְךָ יַאֲבֶרנֵֿץ Ps 39:11; Ps 73:19 סָפוּ תַּמּוּ מִןבַּֿלָּהוֺת, Ps 78:65 מִתְרוֺנֵן מִיַּיִן, Ps 104:15 להצהיל פנים משׁמן from oil, Ps 107:39, compare Job 7:14 (|| ב); so with ׳מִגַּעֲרַת י at J.'s rebuke, Job 18:16; Job 76:7 +; with a passive verb, Gen 9:11 to be cut off מִמֵּי הַמַּבּוּל, 2Sam 7:29 וּמִכִּכָֽתְךָ יְבֹרַח, Isa 28:7 נבלעו מןהֿיין are undone through wine (Isa 22:3 is dubious: see 1 b), Obad 1:9; Job 28:4 הַנִּשְׁכָּחִים מִנִּי רָ֑גֶל; compare Isa 34:3; Hos 6:8.
   (c) with verbs of fearing, to express the source of the emotion, as ירא Ps 3:7 + often (also with מִפְּנֵי), פָּחַד Ps 27:1, נִבְהַל Ezek 26:18, גּוּר Deut 18:22; Job 41:17; Esth 5:9 ולאקֿם ולא זָע ממנו; with בּוֺשׁ to be disconcerted or disappointed, to express the source of the disappointment, Isa 1:29 + often; with שָׂמֵחַ Prov 5:18; Eccl 2:10. feminine of the remoter cause, the ultimate ground on account of which something happens or is done. (
N.B. The line between e and f is not always clearly defined): Exod 2:23 they sighed מןהֿעבדה on account of the bondage, Exod 6:9; Exod 15:23; Deut 7:7 not מֵרֻבְּכֶם through, by reason of, your numbers did J. set his love upon you, Josh 22:24 to do a thing מִדְּאָנָה out of carefulness, 2Sam 23:4 מִנֹּגַהּ, 1Kgs 14:4; Isa 53:5 wounded מִפְּשָׁעֵינוּ on account of our transgressions, bruised מֵעֲוֺנוֺתֵינוּ, vIsa 53:8; Job 4:19; Obad 1:10; Hab 2:17; Ps 6:8 עשׁשׁה עיני מִכַּעַס from vexation (compare Job 17:7: Ps 31:10 ׳ב), Ps 31:12; Ps 38:19 I am concerned on account of my sin, Prov 20:4 מֵחֹרֶף עצל לא יחרשׁ by reason of the winter, Job 22:4 הֲמִיִּרְאָ֑תְךָ יֹכִיחֶ֑ךָ on account of thy fear of him? Song 3:8; Ruth 1:13 כִּימַֿרלִֿי מְאֹד מִכֶּם because of you: see also Deut 28:34; Deut 28:67; Deut 32:19; Judg 2:18; Isa 65:14; Jer 12:4; Jer 24:2 מֵרֹעַ, Jer 50:13; Jer 51:5 b (Ew Ke), Ezek 7:27 (but read probably with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9 Co כְּדרכם), Ezek 16:61; Ezek 35:11 (AV out of), Ezek 45:20; Mic 2:12; Mic 7:13; Ps 5:11; Ps 12:6; Ps 107:17; Ps 119:53; Gen 49:12 red of eyes מִיָּ֑יִן, and white of teeth מֵחָלָב. Often also in מֵרֹב from the abundance of, absolute for abundance, with many different verbs, as Gen 16:10 לֹא יִסָּפֵר מֵרֹב Josh 9:13; 1Sam 1:16, etc. Similarly in מֵאֵין, מִבְּלִי, מִבִּלְתִּי (pp. 35, 115, 117); and before an infinitive (7 a), and in מֵאֲשֶׁר (p. 84).
  g. the cause being conceived as regulative, מן occasionally approaches in sense to according to (compare Latin ex more, ex lege), Jonah 3:7 proclaimed in Nineveh מטעם המלך וגדליו at, by, in accordance with, the decree of the king (compare Aramaic Ezra 6:14; Dan 2:8): so Job 39:26 (2 e
   (b)) according to Ges Hi.

3. Partitively (a sense connecting with 2 a
   (c), above): —
  a. Gen 6:19 שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל two out of, from, all, Gen 7:8; Gen 39:11 אישׁ מן ֗֗֗ a man (or one) of . . . (so Num 25:6; Num 1:28 +, אנשׁים מן ֗֗֗ Num 16:2; Josh 2:2 +, 2Kgs 2:7, etc.); Gen 42:16 send מִכֶּם אֶחָד Lev 1:2a Lev 17:12 כלנֿפשׁ מִכֶּם, Lev 19:34; Lev 26:8, Judg 8:14 נַעַר מֵאַנְשֵׁי סֻכּוֺת, 1Sam 22:8, etc.; Judg 14:19; 2Kgs 2:24; Isa 66:19 אֶחָד מִן ֗֗֗ 1Sam 16:18 +, אַחַד מִן ֗֗֗ (Ges«GKC:130»§ 130, 1) Deut 25:5 +; אַחַת מֵהֵ֫נָּה Ps 34:21; Isa 34:16 מִי מִן ֗֗֗ Job 5:1; Isa 50:1, אֵין מִן ֗֗֗ 1Sam 14:39; Isa 51:18; Isa 21:11 מהֿ מלילה how much of the night? 2Chr 31:3 וּמְנָת הַמֶּלָח מִןרְֿכוּשׁוֺ.
  b. the number being omitted, מִן is used indefinitely: —
   (a) = some of, — as subject Exod 16:27 יצאו מןהֿעם there went out (some) of the people, Lev 25:49; 2Sam 11:17; 2Sam 11:24, especially in late Hebrew Ezra 2:68; Ezra 2:70; Ezra 7:7; Neh 11:4; Neh 11:25; 1Chr 4:42; 1Chr 9:30; 1Chr 9:32; 2Chr 17:11; 2Chr 32:21; Dan 11:35 more frequently as object, especially with לקח, Gen 4:3 וַיָּבֵא מִפְּרִי האדמה brought of the fruit of the ground, Gen 30:14 give me מִדּוּדָאֵי בְנֵךְ (some) of thy son's love-apples, Gen 33:15; Exod 12:7; Exod 17:5; Lev 18:30; Lev 20:2; Num 11:17; Num 13:23; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 39:7; Isa 47:13; Amos 2:11; Dan 8:10 +, Song 1:2 ישׁקני מִנְּשִׁיקוֺת פִּיו let him kiss me (with) some of the kisses etc., Ps 72:15; Ps 137:3 מִשִּׁיר צִיּוֺן (some) of the songs of Zion, Job 11:6 (Ges RVm) + often; in late Hebrew note also יֵשׁ מִן ֗֗֗ there are some of . . . Neh 5:5 מֵהֶם ֗֗֗ מֵהֶם ֗֗֗ some. . . others. . . 1Chr 9:28f. (as in Aramaic Dan 2:33, and PS2155); מִקְצָת ֗֗֗ some of. . . (as in Late Hebrew) Dan 1:2; Neh 7:69.
   (b) to designate an individual (rare), Gen 28:11 and he took מֵאַבְנֵי הַמָּקוֺם (one) of the stones of the place (see vGen 28:18), Exod 6:25 מבּנות פוטיאל (one) of the daughters of P., Ezek 17:5; Ezek 17:13; Neh 13:28; Ps 132:11 as subject Lev 25:33; Dan 11:5 the king of the south שָׂרָיו וּמִןֿ and (one) of his captains, vDan 11:7, compare Jer 41:1; Esth 4:5; 2Chr 26:11; Ruth 2:20 מִגֹּאֲלֵנוּ הוא he is (one) of our kinsmen, Exod 2:6.
   (c) in a negative or hypothetical sentence (whether subject or object) = any, aught, Deut 16:4 ולא ילין מןהֿבשׂר and there shall not remain any of the flesh, 1Kgs 18:5 ולא נכרית מןהֿבהמה and we shall not destroy any of the beasts, 2Kgs 10:10 (compare Josh 21:43; Josh 23:14; 1Sam 3:19; 1Kgs 8:56; Esth 6:10), vEsth 6:23 ׳פֶּןיֶֿשׁפֹּֿה מֵעַבְדֵי י Job 27:6 לֹא יֶחֱרַף לְבָבִי מִיָּמָ֑י my heart reproacheth not one of my days: with אִם, etc. Exod 29:34; Lev 4:2a (compare vLev 4:22 vLev 4:27), Lev 11:32 (מהם), vLev 11:33 vLev 11:35 vLev 11:37-39; Lev 18:29; Lev 25:25; Num 5:6 מִכֹּל anything whatever, Lev 5:24; Lev 11:34 compare 1Sam 23:23 (?).
   (d) peculiarly, with a noun of unity, especially אֶחָד, to express forcibly the idea of a single one: Deut 15:7 if there be a poor man in thy midst, מֵאַחַר אַחֶיךָ any one of thy brethren, Lev 4:2b if he doeth מֵאַחַת מֵהֵ֫נָּה any one of these things, Lev 5:13; Ezek 18:10 מֵאַחַד מֵאֵלֶּה וְעָשָׂה אָח (where אח is a vox nihili) and doeth aught of these things; 1Sam 14:45 if there shall fall מִשַּׂעֲרַת ראֹשׁוֺ אַרְצָה a single hair of his head to the ground! (for שְׂעָרָה as a noun of individual meaning see Ges«GKC:122t»§ 122t Dr), compare 2Sam 14:11; 1Kgs 1:52. (Probably a rhetorical application of the partitive sense, though the explanation 'starting from one' = 'even one' would also be possible. is used similarly after negative and interrogative particles, not merely with collective nouns, as nought have they of knowledge (Qor 18:4), but also with nouns of unity, as Qor 3:55 Ye have not aught of (= any) god, except Him; 19:19 dost thou perceive even one of them? 6:59 there falleth not even a single leaf (noun of individual meaning) without His knowing it. See further Thes, and WAG. ii. § 48 f. b),
   (e) (rare) specifying the objects, or elements, of which a genus consists (the Arabic , min of explication, WAG. ii. § 48 g): Gen 6:2 אשׁר בחרו מכל consisting of all whom they chose, Gen 7:22; Gen 9:10; Lev 11:32 (מכל), 1Chr 5:18; Jer 40:7 (מאשׁר); Jer 44:28 and they shall know דְּבַרמִֿי יָקוּם מִמֶּנִּי וּמֵהֶם whose word shall stand, consisting of me and of them (defining the genus embraced by ׃מי compare both (of them), Abel as well as Cain, and Qor 3:193: Wl.c.). — On מֵאַיִן Jer 10:6; Jer 10:7, see אַיִן near the end.

4. of time — namely
  a. as marking the terminus a quo, the anterior limit of a continuous period, from, since Deut 9:24 מִיּוֺם דַּעְתִּי אֶתְכֶם from the day of my (first) knowing you (so 1Sam 7:2; 1Sam 8:8 + ); 1Sam 18:9 מהיום ההוא וָהָֽלְאָה from that day and onwards, simil. Lev 22:27; Num 15:23; Ezek 39:22; Isa 18:2; Isa 18:7 (where מִןהֿוּא = מֵאֲשֶׁר הוּא; compare Nah 2:9 מִימֵי הִיא = מִימֵי אֲשֶׁר הִיא); מהיום ההוא וָמָֽעְלָה 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 30:25 (Hag 2:15; Hag 2:18 apparently of time backwards); מֵאָז from the time of . . . .; מִןהַֿבֶּטֶן from the womb Judg 13:5; Judg 13:7, מִבֶּטֶן אִמִּי Judg 16:17 +; מִימֵי ֗֗֗ Hos 10:9; Isa 23:7; Jer 36:2 +; מִיָּמֶיךָ idiomatic = since thou wast born 1Sam 25:28; 1Kgs 1:6 (מִיָּמָיו), Job 38:12 מִקֶּדֶם from antiquity Hab 1:12; Ps 74:12; Isa 42:14 הֶחֱשֵׁיתִי מֵעוֺלָם I have been silent since old time; מֵעַתָּה from now, hence-forth Jer 3:4 +, מִיּוֺם from to-day Jer 43:13; Ezek 48:35, מןהֿיום הזה Hag 2:19. See also 5 c, 7 c. compare Exod 33:6 מֵהַר חוֺרֵב from Horeb, Hos 13:4 I am ׳י thy God מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם.
  b. as marking the period immediately succeeding the limit, after: Gen 38:24 כְּמִשְׁלשׁ חֳדָשִׁים after about three months it was told Judah, מִיָּמִים רַבִּים Josh 23:1; Ezek 38:8, מִיָּמִים after (some) days, Judg 11:4; Judg 14:8; Judg 15:1, מִיֹּמַיִם after two days Hos 6:2 מֵרֹב יָמִים Isa 24:22: more frequently with קֵץ or קָצֶה, Gen 4:3 מִקֵּץ יָמִים, Gen 8:3; Josh 3:2 + often; Deut 14:28 מִקְצֵה שָׁלשׁ שָׁנִים, Deut 15:1 שָׁנִים מִקְצֵה שֶׁבַע (by which is meant not the actual end of the three or seven years, but the period when the third or seventh year has arrived); מִמָּחֳרָת after the morrow (had arrived) = on the morrow, Gen 19:34 + often; מֵהַבֹּקֶר 2Sam 2:27. — 2Sam 23:4 מִמָּטָר; Isa 53:11 מֵעֲמַל נַפְשׁוֺ; perhaps Isa 29:18 (Kö581). compare 2Sam 20:5 and he delayed מןהֿמועד beyond the appointed time.
  c. in such phrases, however, מִן sometimes (compare 1 c) loses its significance: thus מֵאָז 2Sam 15:34; Isa 16:13 not from former time, but in former time, formerly, Gen 6:4 הַגִּבּוֺרִים אֲשֶׁר מֵעוֺלָם which were of old, Josh 24:2 dwelt of old, Ps 77:6 days מִקֶּדֶם aforetime, מֵאַחֲרֵי Deut 29:21 (p. 30). — מִקָּרוֺב literally from near, i.e. recently Deut 32:17, of short duration Job 20:5, shortly Ezek 7:8 at hand (in a local sense, 1 c) Jer 23:23.

5. (וְעַד) מִן ֗֗֗ עַד from . . . even, to : very oft .: —
  a. in geography or local sense, Gen 10:19; Gen 15:18 מנהר מצרים עד הנהר הגדול, Gen 25:18; Exod 23:31; Deut 2:36; 1Sam 3:20; 2Sam 5:25; Jer 31:38; Ps 72:8 + often; so with מִלְּבוֺא 1Kgs 8:65 (2Chr 7:8), 2Kgs 14:25; Amos 6:14; Deut 13:8 מִקְצֵה הָאָרֶץ וְעַד קְצֵה הָאָרֶץ, Deut 28:64; Jer 12:12; Gen 47:21 מִקְצֵה גְּבוּלמִֿצְרַיִם וְעַדקָֿצֵהוּ, 1Kgs 6:24; 1Kgs 7:23 שְׂפָתוֺ מִשְּׂפָתוֺ וְעַד; Lev 13:12 מראשׁו ועד רגליו, Deut 28:35 ועד קדקדך מכף רגלך (similarly 2Sam 14:25; Job 2:7; Isa 1:6). compare 1Sam 9:2 מִשִּׁכְמוֺ וָמַ֫עְלָה, 2Sam 5:9; Josh 15:46.
  b. metaphor not of actual space, but of classes of objects, to express idiomatically the idea ofcomprehension, so that the two prepositions may be often represented by both . . . and: Gen 19:4 מִנַּעַר וְעַדזָֿקֵן from young to old (i.e. both included) = both young and old, vGen 19:11; 1Sam 5:9 + מִקָּטֹן וְעַדגָּֿדוֺל = both great and small, Jer 6:13 מִקְּטַנָּם וְעַדגְּֿדוֺלָם from the least of them even to the greatest of them, ib. וְעַדכֹּֿהֵן מִנָּבִיא from the prophet even to the priest every one dealeth falsely, Exod 9:25 + מאדם ועד בהמה both man and beast, Exod 11:5 מבכור פרעהע֗֗֗ד ׳בכור השׁפחה וגו, Exod 13:15; Num 6:4; Deut 29:10 עד שֹׁאב מימיך מחֹטב עציך, Josh 8:25 + מאישׁ ועד אשׁה, 1Sam 15:3 (4 pairs), 1Sam 22:19; 1Kgs 5:13; 2Kgs 17:9 = 2Kgs 18:8, Isa 10:18 מנפשׁ ועד בשׂר = both soul and body, Jer 9:9 after a word implying a negative = either . . . or Gen 14:23; Gen 31:24; Gen 31:29 מטוב עד רע either good or evil. The עַד may be repeated, if required: Gen 6:7 עדבֿהמה עד רמשׂ ועדעֿוף השׁמים מאדם (so Gen 7:23), Exod 22:3; Josh 6:21; Judg 15:5 מִגָּדִישׁ וְעַדקָֿמָה וְעַדכֶּֿרֶם זָ֑יִת, Judg 20:48; 1Sam 30:19: without מן, Lev 11:42; Num 8:4. Similar is the use of מן in the idiom (וָמָֽטָּה) מִבֶּןשָׁ֗֗֗נָה וָמָֽעְלָה (also וְעַדבֶּֿן ֗֗֗ שָׁנָה); and compare 2Kgs 3:21
  c. of time, Gen 46:34 מִנְּעֻרֵינוּ וְעַד עַתָּה from our youth even until now, 1Sam 12:2; Jer 3:25; Num 14:19; Exod 10:6; Exod 18:13 מןהֿבֹקר עדהֿערב, 1Sam 30:17; 1Kgs 18:26; Isa 9:6; Ps 90:2 + often: with two inff. Hos 7:4: and implying intervals (not duration) Ezek 4:10; Ezek 4:11 (compare with לְ Esth 3:7 (twice in verse)).
  d. there occur further (1) מִן ֗֗֗ אֶלֿ, Josh 15:21; Exod 26:28 = Exod 36:33 מִןהַֿקָּצֶה אֶלהַֿקָּצֶה from end to end, Ezek 40:23; Ezek 40:27; Ezra 9:11 מִפֶּהאֶֿלפֶּֿה; Ps 144:13 מִזַּן אֶל זַן from kind to kind = kinds of every sort; with a verb of motion, Jer 48:11; Ps 105:13; 1Chr 17:5, and expressing a climax, Ps 84:8 יֵָֽלְכוּ מֵחַיִל אֶלחַֿיִל, Jer 9:2 (compare Rom 1:17): of time, מיוםאֿליֿום Num 30:15, compare 1Chr 16:23 (|| Ps 96:2 לְ); implying intervals, מֵעֵת אֶלעֵֿת 1Chr 9:25. (2) מִן ֗֗֗ לְ Exod 32:27; Ezek 40:13; Zech 14:10: of time Ps 96:2; Job 4:20: with intervals, 2Sam 14:26. (3) מִן ֗֗֗ הָ֯ Num 34:10; Ezek 6:14 מִמִּדְבָּר רִבְלָ֫תָה (so Ges Ew Hi etc.) from the wilderness to Riblah, Ezek 21:3; Ezek 25:13 מִתֵּימָן וּדְדָ֫נֶה (Co Kö Berthol); without ָ֯ 1Kgs 5:1. And of time in the phrase (implying intervals) מִיָּמִים יָמִ֫ימָה Exod 13:10 + 4 t.

6. In comparisons, beyond, above, hence in English than: so constantly: namely
  a. when an object is compared with another distinct from itself, Judg 14:18 מַהמָּֿתוֺק מִדְּבַשׁ what is sweet away from, beyond in excess of, honey ? i.e. in our idiom, what is sweeter than honey ? Lev 21:10 הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֺל מֵאֶחָיו the priest that is great above his brethren, Num 14:12; Ezek 28:3 חָכָם מִדָּנִאֵל wiser than Daniel, Ps 119:72 + very often; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מֵעָ֑תָּה; with an infinitive (sometimes with לְ) as subject, Gen 29:10 ׳טוֺב תִּתִּי אֹתָהּ לְךָ מִתִּתִּי אֹתָהּ וגו better is my giving her to thee than my giving her to another, Exod 14:12; 1Sam 15:22; Prov 21:9; Prov 21:19; Prov 25:7; Ps 118:8; Ps 118:9 +; with verbs, Gen 19:9 עתה נָרַע לְךָ מֵהֶם now we will harm thee beyond them, more than them, Gen 25:23 לְאֹם מִלְאֹם יֶאֱמַץ, Gen 26:16; Gen 29:30 אתרֿחל מִלֵּאָה ויאהב גםֿ, Gen 38:26 צָֽדְקָה מִמֶּנִּי, Gen 48:19 יִגְדַּל מִמֶּנּוּ, Judg 2:19 השׁחיתו מאבותם they have done corruptly more than their fathers, 1Sam 2:29; 2Sam 20:6; 1Kgs 1:37; 1Kgs 14:9; Jer 5:3; Ezek 5:6 + often; = in, preference to, above, Ps 45:8; Ps 52:5 (twice in verse); Hos 6:6; Hab 2:16, after בחר Jer 8:3; Job 7:15; Job 36:21; Ps 84:11 (מִדּוּר) +: note also נֹפֵל מִן Job 12:3; Job 13:2 = inferior to (Ew Ges and others Hi; al. De); שֹׁנֶה מִן different from Esth 1:7; Esth 3:8.
  b. when an object is compared with a group or multitude of which it forms one, especially with מִכֹּל, Gen 3:1 מִכֹּל חַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה עָרוּם subtil out of all beasts of the field, or beyond, above all (other) beasts, vGen 3:14 cursed above all cattle (but without implying any judgment whether other cattle are cursed likewise), Gen 37:3 Israel loved Joseph מִכָּלבָּֿנָיו out of all his sons, or above all his (other) sons, Deut 7:7; Deut 33:24 בָּרוּךְ מִבָּנִים אָשֵׁר blessed above sons be Asher, Judg 5:24 תְּבֹרַח מִנָּשִׁים blessed above women be Jael, 1Sam 9:2b 1Sam 15:33 כֵּן תִּשְׁכַּל מִנָּשִׁים אִמֶּ֑ךָ, 1Sam 18:30; Jer 17:9 עָקֹב מִכֹּל deceitful above all things, Ps 45:3; Song 5:10 דָּגוּל מֵרְבָבָה (compare בָּחַר מִן above 2 a c: ex in eximius, egregius; Iliad 18:431 ὅς σ’, ἐμοὶ ἐκ πάσεων Κρονίδης Ζεὺς ἄλγἐ ἔδωκεν, 3:227 ἔξοχος Ἀργείων . . . κεφαλήν).
  c. sometimes in poetry the idea on which מן is logically dependent, is unexpressed, and must be understood by the reader, Isa 10:10 ופסיליהם מירושׁלם and their idols are (more) than (those of) Jerusalem, Mic 7:4 יָשָׁר מִמְּסוּכָה the uprightest is (sharper) than a thorn-hedge (but We from), Job 11:7; Job 28:18; Ps 4:8 מֵעֵת beyond (that of) the time when etc. Eccl 4:17; Eccl 9:17 compare Ezek 15:2.
  d. מן not unfrequently expresses the idea of a thing being too much for a person, or surpassing his powers: Gen 18:14 דָּבָר הֲיִפָּלֵא ׳מי can a thing be too hard for J.? (so Deut 17:8 +; compare Ps 131:1; Ps 139:6 + ), Ps 32:11 קָטֹנְתִּי מִן, Deut 14:24 כִּי יִרְבֶּה מִמְּךָ הַדֶּרֶךְ = is too great for thee (1Kgs 19:7), 1Kgs 32:47 רֵק מִכֶּם: so with עָצַם Gen 26:16, כָּבֵד be too heavy for Exod 18:18; Ps 38:5, מָךְ Lev 27:8 (too poor to pay), קָשָׁה Deut 1:7, צַר be too narrow for, 2Kgs 6:1; Isa 49:19, קצר Isa 50:2, אָמַץ Ps 18:18, ירום נמני is too high for me Ps 61:3, גָּבַר Ps 65:4 ַ˜המְעַט מִמְּךָ Job 15:11 too little for thee ? ַ˜המְעַט מִכֶּם Num 16:9; Isa 7:13; Ezek 34:18 (see מְעַט; also on Ezek 16:20); often with an infinitive, as Gen 4:13 גָּדוֺל עֲוֺנִי מִנְּשׂוֺא is greater than I can bear, Gen 30:7 their substance was רַב מִשֶּׁבֶת יַחְדָּו literally great beyond dwelling together = too great for (their) dwelling together, Exod 12:4; Judg 7:2 מִתִּתִּי רַב = too great for me to give, 1Sam 25:17b 1Kgs 8:64 רַב מֵהָכִיל, Isa 28:20; Isa 33:19; Isa 59:1; Hab 1:13; Ps 40:6; Ruth 1:12: note especially רַב מִן it is more than that . . . (= there is enough of), Exod 9:28; 1Kgs 12:28, followed by substantive Ezek 44:6 (see רַב); and Isa 49:6 נָקֵל מִהְיוֺתְךָ לִי ׳עֶבֶד לְהָקִים וגו too light for thy being my servant was it to raise up, etc., Ezek 8:17 ׳הֲנָקֵל לְבֵית יִשְׂר ׳מֵעֲשׂוֺת וגו was it too trifling to the house of Israel for the doing etc. (less than the doing etc. deserved) ? (but ? read עֲשׂוֺת on analogue of 1Kgs 16:31).

7. מן is prefixed to an infin.:
  a. with a causal force (rare), from, on account of, through (compare 2 f): Deut 7:7; Deut 7:8 אֶתְכֶם ׳מֵאַהֲבַת י through J.'s loving you = because J. loved you, Deut 9:28 (compare Deut 1:27 בְּ) 2Sam 3:11 מִיִּרְאָתוֺ אֹתוֺ = because he feared him, Isa 48:4 מִדַּעְתִּי ֗֗֗ = because I knew. . . So in מִבְּלִי ֗֗֗ , מִבִּלְתִּי.
  b. after verbs implying restraint, prevention, cessation, etc., as מִלֶּדֶת עֲצָרַנִי Gen 16:2 hath restrained me from bearing, וַתַּעֲמֹד מִלֶּדֶת Gen 29:35; Gen 30:9: so with חשׂך Gen 20:6 +, חדל + Exod 23:5 +, כִּלָּה + Exod 34:33 +, נִכְלָא Exod 36:6, מָנַע 1Sam 25:26 +, שׁבת Jer 31:36 +, יָרֵא מֵהַבִּיט Exod 3:6 +, שִׁמְרוּ מִןהַֿחֵרֶם Josh 6:18; 2Chr 25:13 הֵשִׁיב מִלֶּכֶת. Especially
   (a) after similar verbs, expressing concisely a negative consequence, literally away from . . ., i.e. so as not to, so that not: Gen 23:6 b Gen 27:1 Jacob's eyes were dim, ֵ˜מרְאֹת away from seeing = so that he could not see, Gen 31:29 נִשְׁמַר מִן (|| vGen 31:24 פֶּן), Exod 14:5; Lev 26:13; Num 32:7; Deut 28:55 (his eye shall be envious etc.) מִתֵּת from giving = so that he will not give, Judg 6:27; Judg 1:31; Judg 7:8 do not be silent from us מִזְּעֹק so as not to call (compare 1Kgs 22:3), 1Sam 8:7 me have they rejected מִמְּלֹךְ עליהם, 1Sam 16:1 (Hos 4:6), 2Sam 14:11 (read מֵהַרְבּוֺת), Isa 5:6; Isa 8:11; Isa 21:3; Isa 23:1 is destroyed מִבּוֺא so that none can enter in, Isa 24:10; Isa 33:15; Isa 44:18; Isa 49:15; Isa 54:9; Isa 56:6; Isa 58:13; Jer 10:14 נִבְעַר ֗֗֗ מִדַּעַת is stupefied so that he has no knowledge, Jer 13:14; Jer 33:21; Jer 33:24; Jer 33:26; Ezek 20:17; Mic 3:6; Zech 7:11; Zech 7:12; Ps 30:4 Qr, Ps 39:2; Ps 69:24; Ps 102:5 (after שָׁכַח, peculiarly), Ps 106:23; Lam 3:44; Lam 4:18; Job 34:30a 2Chr 36:13. So in חָלִילָהלִֿי מֵעֲשׂוֺת that I should not do Gen 44:17 +.
   (b) still more concisely, especially in poetry, with a noun alone: 1Sam 15:23 has rejected thee מִמֶּלֶךְ from (being) king (1Sam 15:26 מֶלֶךְ מִהְיוֺת), Lev 26:43 מֵהֶם, Isa 7:8 יֵחַת מֵעָם shall be shattered from (being) a people, that it be no more a people, Isa 17:1 מוּסָר מֵעִיר, Isa 25:2b; Isa 52:14 מֵאִישׁ מַרְאֵהוּ כֵּן מִשְׁחַת marred away from (being) a man('s), Jer 2:25 מִיָּחֵף, Jer 17:16 מֵרֹעֶה, Jer 48:2 וְנַכְרִיתֶנָּה מִגּוֺי, vJer 48:42 מֵעָם, Ps 8:6 hast made him lack but little מאלהים ut non esset Deus, Ps 83:5 מִגּוֺי, Prov 30:2 אָנֹכִי מֵאִישׁ בַּעַר too boorish to be a man: compare Dan 4:13; 1Kgs 15:13 וַיְסִרֶהָ מִגְּבִירָה removed her from (being) queen-mother, Ezek 16:41 וִהִשְׁבַּתִּיךְ מִזּוֺנָה; and even to express absolutely the non-existence of a thing not named in the principal clause, as Isa 23:1 שֻׁדַּד מִבַּיִת כִּי so that there is no house, Ezek 12:19 (Ezek 32:15), Ezek 25:9 מֵהֶעָרִים, Hos 9:11 (3 t. in verse); Hos 9:12; Mic 3:6; Hag 1:10 מִטָּ֑ל, Zech 7:14; Zech 9:8; Ps 39:3; Ps 49:15 מִזְּבֻללֿוֺ so that it has no dwelling, Ps 52:7 יִסָּֽחֲךָ מֵאֹהֶל pluck thee up tentless, Ps 109:24 is lean מִשָּׁ֑מֶן so that there is no fatness, Job 28:11; Job 33:21; Job 34:30b. Oft. strengthened by pleonastic אֵין or בְּלִי, as מֵאֵין יוֺשֵׁב Isa 5:9, מִבְּלִי יוֺשֵׁב see pp. 35:a, 115:b. compare Köiii. 592 ff.
  c. with a temporal force, since, after (compare 4), chiefly late: Num 24:23 מִשֻּׂמוֺ אֵל after God's establishing him, Isa 44:7 מִשֻּׂמִי עַם עֿוֺלָם since I appointed the ancient people, Hos 7:4; Hag 2:16 (?) Ruth 2:18; Neh 5:14; 1Chr 8:8 מִןשִֿׁלְחוֺ אוֺתָם (compare 1Chr 6:16) 2Chr 31:10; Dan 11:23; Dan 12:1 (compare Dan 9:25), Ps 73:20 כַּחֲלוֺם מֵהָקִיץ after (one's) awaking, Job 20:4.

8. Once Deut 33:11 as a conjunction before a finite verb. Smite . . . his haters מִןיְֿקוּמוּן that they rise not again, in poetry for מִקּוּם (7 b): compare Dr§ 41. — On מֵאֲשֵׁר adverb and conjunction.

9. In compounds: —
  a. מֵאַחֲרֵי, מֵאֵת, מִבֵּין, מִבַּלְעֲדֵי, מִבַּ֫עַד, מִלְּ (common in Late Hebrew,
**for מִלְּ in Mishna see e.g. Babylonian Mez 7:10; Kil 8:1; Ter 8:11; Pes 1:6; Taan 2:7; Yeb 8:2; Eccl 4:17 מִלַּעֲשׂוֺת (have no knowledge so as not to do evil) is read by Siegf Wild; especially before infinitive; in O.T. only in מִלְּבַד, מִלְּבוֺא (above 5 a), מִלְמַ֫עְלָה, מִלְמַ֫טָּה, מִלְּעֻמַּת, מִלְּפָנִים, מִלִּפְנֵי, and, si vera lectio, מִלְמַעֲלֵה הֶחָ֑רֶס Judg 8:13, see מַעֲלֶה), מִנֶּגֶד, מֵעַל, מֵעִם, מִתַּ֫חַת; see אַחֲרֵי, אֵת, etc.
  b. לְמִן (לְמִנִּי Mic 7:12 (twice in verse)), with לְ pleonastic, from = מִן, but used almost exclusively of the terminus a quo, whether of space or time (compare מִן
5.); — (I) of space, Deut 4:32; Judg 20:1 לְמִדַּן וְעַדבְּֿאֵר שֶׁבַע, Mic 7:12.Mic 7:12 (both לְמִנִּי), Zech 14:10; 1Chr 5:9 לְמֵרָחוֺק from afar Job 36:3; Job 39:29 (on Ezra 3:13; 2Chr 26:15, see below עַד לְ); לְמִתַּחַת לְ = underneath 1Kgs 7:32. Idiomatic, especially followed by וְעַד, to denote comprehensively an entire class, לְמֵאִישׁ וְעַד בְּהֵמָה Exod 11:7; Jer 51:62 (לְמֵאָדָם), לְמֵאִישׁ וְעַד אִשָּׁה 2Sam 6:19; 2Chr 15:13, לְמִקָּטֹן וְעַד גָּדוֺל 2Kgs 23:2; Jer 42:8, simil. 2Chr 15:13; Jer 31:34; Esth 1:5; Esth 1:20, לְמֵרָע וְעַדטֿוֺב 2Sam 13:22, וּלְמָ֑טָּה לְמִבֶּן עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה 1Chr 27:23, compare 2Chr 25:5. — On לְמִבֵּית Num 18:7. (2) of time (often following by עַד), לְמִן הַיּוֺם אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ from the day when . . ., Deut 4:32; Deut 9:7; 2Sam 7:11 (|| 1Chr 17:10 וּלְמִיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר) Jer 7:25; Jer 32:31; Hag 2:18 לְמִקְצָת הַיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ Dan 1:18 לְמִן הַיּוֺם followed by infinitive (in apposition) Exod 9:18; 2Sam 19:25 לְמִיּוֺם followed by infinitive (genitive) Judg 19:30; 2Sam 7:6; Isa 7:17 לְמִימֵי ֗֗֗ 2Kgs 19:25 (|| Isa 37:26 מימי) Mal 3:7 עולם ועד עולם למןֿ Jer 7:7; Jer 25:5 לְמֵרָחוֺק from afar = long before, 2Sam 7:19 = 1Chr 17:17; 2Kgs 19:25 = Isa 37:26.

מְנָאוֺת see מְנָת below מנה. below

[מַנְגִּינָה] see נגן.

BDB4724 H4480 H4482

BDB4723 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4725

II. מִנִּי, מִנֵּי see מִן. מִנִּי Ps 45:9 see I. [ מֵן].

מִנָיוֺת see מְנָת below מנה.

מִנְיָמִין, מִנְיָמִן see מִיָּמִן.

מִנְלָם see [ מִנְלֶה] below נלה.

BDB9670 H4481 H4480

BDB9669 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9671

מִן preposition from, out of, by, by reason of, at, more than (Biblical Hebrew and general Aramaic id.); — rarely assimilated, as in Hebrew, see Dan 6:5 מִצַּד, Ezra 5:11; Ezra 6:14 suffix מִנִּי, מִנָּךְ 3 masculine מִנֵּהּ, feminine מִנַּהּ Dan 2:42; Dan 7:24 3 masculine plural מִנְּהוֺן (so Palmyrene Tariff ii. a 34; Nabataean, Egyptian Aramaic מנהם, CookeNo. 89. 6, S-CPap. A 10) Dan 2:33 (twice in verse); Dan 2:41 (twice in verse); Dan 2:42 (twice in verse) Kt (Qr each time feminine מִנְּהֵן), Dan 6:3 (twice in verse); —

1. of place:
  a. from, Dan 4:10; Dan 4:11; Dan 4:28; Dan 7:4 +, מִן תַּמָּה Ezra 6:6 figurative on the side or part of (compare Biblical Hebrew 1 c) Dan 6:5 מִצַּד מַלְכוּתָא.
  b. out of, Dan 3:15; Dan 3:26; Dan 5:2; Dan 7:3, etc.
  c. (coming) from Dan 2:35, away from, Dan 2:45; Dan 4:11; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:28; Jer 10:11.
  d. to ask or exact of a person, Dan 2:16; Dan 2:49 +; Ezra 7:26 to deliver from Dan 6:21.
2. a. of the source (Biblical Hebrew 2 b), as to be fed from Dan 4:9 or author (ib. d), מִנִּי שִׂים טְעֵם = by me is a decree made, Dan 3:29; Dan 4:3 (Dan 6:27 מִןקֳֿדָמַי), Ezra 4:19 +, compare Ezra 5:17 מִנַּי = on my part Dan 2:5; Dan 2:8 (see אַזְדָּא).
  b. of the immediate cause, as a result of, by, Dan 4:22 (= ב v.Dan 4:12 v.Dan 4:20), v.Dan 4:30; Dan 5:21: so with a verb of fearing Dan 5:19.
  c. of the remoter cause, by reason of (Biblical Hebrew 2 f ), Dan 5:19 מִןרְֿבוּתָא, Dan 7:11 so מִןדִּֿי, see דִּי
3. d. of the norm (compare Biblical Hebrew 2 g) = at, according to, Ezra 6:14 ׳מִןטַֿעַם אֱלָהּ יִשׂ at the decree of, etc., Ezra 7:23; Dan 2:8 מִןיַֿצִּיב according to certainty, vDan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט.
3. partitively (Biblical Hebrew 3), Dan 6:3 חַד מִנְּהוֺן, Dan 7:8; Dan 7:16; Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13 (some) of Dan 2:41 מִןנִֿצְבְּתָא; מִנְּהוֺן מִ֗֗֗נְּהוֺן some . . . others of them Dan 2:33; Dan 2:41; Dan 2:42a; so vDan 2:42b מִ֗֗֗נַּהּ.
4. of time, from, Dan 2:20 (מִן ֗֗֗ וְעַד), Ezra 4:15; Ezra 4:19 see also אְדַיִן and דַּי
4.
5. in comparisons, different from Dan 7:3; Dan 7:7; Dan 7:19; Dan 7:23; Dan 7:24, beyond, more than Dan 2:30; Dan 2:39; Dan 6:30; Dan 7:20 end; Dan 4:13 לִבְבֵהּ מִןאֲֿנָשָׁא יְשַׁנּוֺן let his heart be changed away from man's (Biblical Hebrew 7 b b; Isa 52:14).
6. compounds: — see לְוָת, קֳדָס, [קַדְמָה], תְּחוֺת.

מְנֵא see מנה. below

of, from, than, for, thereof, …
min
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
  • (prep) from, out of, on account of, off, on the side of, since, above, than, so that not, more than
    • from (expressing separation), off, on the side of
      • "out of
      • (with verbs of proceeding, removing, expelling)
        • "(of material from which something is made)"(of source or origin)
      out of, some of, from (partitively)"from, since, after (of time)"than, more than (in comparison)"from...even to, both...and, either...or"than, more than, too much for (in comparisons)"from, on account of, through, because (with infinitive)
    (conj) that

הַ נְּפִלִ֑ים
הַ
Prefix — article the
נְּפִלִ֑ים
Root word giants
Dictionary form: נְפִיל · neh-PEEL

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the giants
the giants ×2 giants ×1
More options
Nephilim — Retains the Hebrew term; preferred in scholarly contexts.
giant — Most accessible; suits narrative or popular translations.
mighty warrior — Emphasizes hero/warrior nuance over physical size.
fallen one — Reflects likely etymology from נָפַל, 'to fall'.

BDB5303 H5303

BDB5302 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5304

נְפִלִים noun masculine plural giants, according to ᵐ5 γίγαντες so ᵑ6 ᵑ9; הַנְּפִלִים Gen 6:4 (J), הַנְּפִילִים בְּנֵי עֲנָק מִןהַֿנְּפִלִים Num 13:33 (JE); ᵐ5 omit ׳בְּנֵי וגו, and so Di; these words perhaps doublet, but already in ⅏, also ᵑ9 (etymology dubious; compare Aramaic נִיפְלָא, נְפִילָא Orion; conjectures see in Thes Dion the passage; Tu Kn LenOr. i. 344, Eng. Tr. 345 f.; CheHebraica. iii (1887), 175, 176; all very precarious).

giants
nĕpîl
properly, a feller, i.e., a bully or tyrant
  • giants, the Nephilim

וַ נְּהִ֤י
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
נְּהִ֤י
Root word be, pass, was, were, came, …
Dictionary form: הָיָה · haw-YAW

וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), first person plural simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "we"

In the KJV here: and we were
and it came to pass ×336 shall be ×333 was ×233 be ×174 came ×133 were ×117 and it shall come to pass ×97 and it shall be ×92
More options
be — Default copula; suits timeless or stative contexts.
become — Prefer when a change of state or transformation is implied.
happen — Fits narrative events; modernizes 'come to pass'.
occur — Formal register; good for reported events or incidents.
exist — Emphasizes being or presence rather than action.
take place — Idiomatic for scheduled or unfolding events.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

BDB2099 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2101

יהוהc. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺהC518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philode Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö§ 88). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see LagSym i.14 BaudStudien i.179 ff.; DrStud.Bib.i.1 ff. For Jeve see StaZAW 1881, 346 Deib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.
2. on literature of interpretations see NesEg.67 Drl.c. — Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, NesEg.88 (but NesEg.91 inclines to Qal as RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RSOTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245, compare WeSkizzen iii.175; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, StaG.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ewinfr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Drl.c.17)).
**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by BauRel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230); DlPa 162 ff. claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kuenational Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.) JastrJBL xiil {1894}, 103 f. compare HptBAS i. 170 N; DlBabel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f. makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially HirschZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff. ZimKATS. 465 ff.; SpiegelbZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff. proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in KöEB NAMES, § 112 and n.3. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to SchwThLZ, 1905, col. 612.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare EwBTh ii. 337, 338 RSl.c., Proph. 385 ff. Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc LagPsalt.Hieron.156); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich WeJD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI18. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b DlPa 158 ff. DrStud. Bib. i. 7 ff.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
  a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D2); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
  b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D2 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
  c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D2 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
  d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
  e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
  g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
  h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by RP as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.
2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
  a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
  b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
  c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
  d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.
3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — BonkZAW 1891, 126 ff. seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2145 H1961

BDB2144 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2146

הָיָה3570 verb fall out, come to pass, become, be (SI1; SI6 היה, ib3 הית; parallel form of הוה, Arabic , Aramaic הֲוָא, ; see הָוָה above) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular הָיָה Gen 3:1 +; וְהָיָה consecutive Gen 4:14 +; 3 feminine singular הָֽיְתָה Gen 1:2 +; הָיָ֑תָה Isa 14:24 + 3 t.; וְהָֽיְתָה consecutive Gen 9:13 +; והית2Kgs 9:37 Kt (Qr וְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singular הָיִיתָ Deut 5:15 +; 1 singular הָיִיתִיGen 31:40 3 plural הָיוּ Gen 6:4 +; 2 masculine plural הֱיִיתֶ ם Exod 22:20 +; וִהְיִיתֶם consecutive Gen 3:5 +; 1 plural הָיִינוּIsa 1:9 +; etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִהְיֶה Gen 1:29 +; jussive יְהִיGen 1:3 +; יֶהִ֑י Ezek 16:15 וִיהִיGen 1:6 +; וַיְהִי Gen 1:3 +; וַיֶּ֑הִי Ps 33:9; Ezek 16:19 3 feminine singular תִּהְיֶה Gen 21:30 +; 1 singular אֶהְיֶה Exod 3:12 +; וָאֶהְיֶה2Sam 7:6 + 9 t.; וָאֱהִי Judg 18:4 + 12 t.; 3 masculine plural יִהְיוּ Gen 6:19 +; 3 feminine plural תִּהְיֶינָהIsa 16:2 + 19 t.; תִּהְיֶין֣Gen 41:36 + 11 t.; וְתִהְיֶנָה Jer 18:21; Jer 48:6 וַתִּהְיֶינָה 2Sam 20:3 + 6 t.; וַתִּהְיֶיןָGen 26:35; 1Sam 25:43 וַתִּהְיֶנָה 1Chr 7:15 2 masculine plural תִהְיוּ Gen 34:15 +; תִהְיוּן Exod 22:20 1 plural נִהְיֶה Gen 38:23 +; וַנִּהְיֶה2Sam 11:23; Jer 44:17 וַנְּהִי Num 13:33; Isa 64:5, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הֱיֵה Exod 18:19 +; feminine singular הֲיִיGen 24:60 masculine plural הֱיוּExod 19:15; Num 16:16, וִהְיוּ 1Sam 4:9 + 6 t.; Infinitive absolute הָיוֺ Gen 18:18 + 3 t.; הָיֹה 1Kgs 13:32; Ezek 1:3 construct הֱיוֺת Gen 2:18 +, so read probably also for הֱיֵה Ezek 21:15 compare Sm Köi. p. 600 f. (Co em. היהלֿה to הָהֵל shine, glitter); with prefix בִּהְיוֺת Exod 5:13 +, בִּהְיֹת Exod 19:16 +; לִהְיוֺת Gen 10:8 +, לִהְיֹת Exod 23:1 +; suffix הֱיוֺתִי Jonah 4:2 הֱיוֺתְךָ Judg 18:19 (twice in verse); לִהְיֹתְךָ Deut 26:10, etc.; Participle feminine הוֺיָה Exod 9:3.

I. 1. a. Fall out, happen מֶההָֿיָה הַדָּבָר 1Sam 4:16 how has the matter fallen out, (gone, turned out) ? so 2Sam 1:4 מֶההָֿיָה לוֺ Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (both J E) what has happened to him? compare 1Sam 10:12 מִקְרֶה הוּא הָיָה לָנוּ 1Sam 6:9 a chance it is that has befallen us; also וַיְהִילֿוֺ כֵּן 2Kgs 7:20 and so it happened to him, compare וַיְהִיכֵֿן below
  b. occur, take place, come about, come to pass: — גְדוֺלָה הָֽיְתָה בָּעָם מַגֵּפָה 1Sam 4:17 a great slaughter has taken place among the people, compare 2Sam 17:9 וַתְּהִי הַמִּלְחָמָה בְּיַעַר אֶפְרַיִם 2Sam 18:6 and the battle took place in the wood of Ephraim (on אפרים compare Klo Dr); Josh 22:17 (P; of plague); תְּהִי נָא אָלָה Gen 26:28 (J) let an oath take place (be taken) so Judg 21:5 compare 2Kgs 17:7 (si vera lectio), Ezek 16:34 especially late, 2Chr 29:36; 2Chr 32:31; Eccl 1:9; Eccl 1:10; Eccl 3:22; Eccl 8:7; Eccl 10:14 etc.; often of fulfilment of prediction, command, expectation, etc.: — כֵּן הָיָה Gen 41:3 (E) so it came to pass, 2Sam 13:25, וַיְהִיכֵֿן Judg 6:38; 2Kgs 15:12; Isa 29:5, & especially וַיְהִיכֵֿן Gen 1:7; Gen 1:9; Gen 1:11; Gen 1:15; Gen 1:24; Gen 1:30 (all P) +; יְהִי כִדְבָרֶ֑ךָ Gen 30:34 let it be as thou sayest, Zech 6:15, see also לֹא תָקוּם וְלֹא יִהְיֶה Isa 7:7 it shall not arise (be realized) & shall not come about, Isa 14:34 (so often בּוֺא q. v. 2 c, p. 98 above)
2. especially & very often, come about, come to pass followed by substantive (subject) clause almost always + modifying (usually temporal) clause or phrase:
  a. ( I) וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.) followed by
   (a) Imperfect consecutive: a. with Infinitive with כְּ temporal Gen 12:14; Gen 19:17 (both J) + 75 t. + Esth 3:4 Qr (Hexateuch chiefly J, — so always Genesis, — & J E; P only Exod 16:10, D only Deut 5:20; Deut 31:24; Josh 5:1; Josh 9:1 27 t. in Kings), — somewhat different is 2Kgs 7:18 β. with Infinitive with בְּ Gen 4:8; Gen 11:2 (both J) + 29 t. + Esth 3:4 Kt (in Hexateuch 10 t. J E; 3 t. P, Gen 19:29; Exod 34:29; Num 17:7 not in D); γ. with בְּ followed by temporal noun (יוֺם, בֹּקֶר, etc.) Gen 21:22 (E) Gen 26:32 (J) + 45 t. (Hes 14 t. J E; 3 t. P, Exod 6:28; Exod 16:13; Num 7:1 not D); δ. לְ temporal 1Sam 1:20; 2Sam 13:23; 1Kgs 20:26; 1Chr 20:1 ε. כְּ temporal Gen 39:11; 1Sam 25:38 ζ. מִן temporal namely: מֵאָז Gen 39:5, מִיּוֺם 1Sam 7:2 compare 1Sam 30:25, מִיָּמִים Judg 11:4; Judg 15:1, מִקֵּץ Gen 4:3; Gen 8:6 + 6 t., מִקְצֵה Josh 3:2; 2Kgs 8:3; Ezek 3:16, especially מִמָּחֳרָת Gen 19:34; Exod 18:13 + 11 t.; η. כַּאֲשֶׁר temporal Gen 12:11 (J) Gen 20:13 (E) + 31 t. (Hexateuch 13 t. J E, Deut 2:16, not P), characteristic of Nehemiah's memoris, Neh 3:33; Neh 4:1; Neh 4:6; Neh 4:9; Neh 6:1; Neh 6:16; Neh 7:1; Neh 13:19 θ. with כִּי temporal Gen 6:1 (J) Exod 3:21 (E) + 14 t. + Judg 16:25 Kt; ι. אַחֲרֵי temporal Gen 22:20 (J) + 13 t., אַחַר Gen 39:7; Job 42:7, אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן Judg 16:14 + 6 t.; κ. followed by עַד temporal 1Sam 14:19 (on which compare Dr); compare עַדכֹּֿה וְעַדכֹּֿה 1Kgs 18:45 λ. with combinations; as בְּ with temporal noun + בְּ Infinitive Gen 34:25; Exod 19:16; 1Sam 25:37 בְּ Infinitive + כְּ Infinitive Josh 3:14 double preposition כְּמִשְּׁלשׁ חֳדָשִׁים Gen 38:24 מִקְצֵה + אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר Josh 9:16 מִיָּמִים + id. Josh 23:1 μ. other unusual constructions under this head are: those where temporal idea is expressed by a circumstantial clause Isa 22:7; 1Kgs 13:20; 2Kgs 8:21 (Dr§ 165, & Οβς.) = 2Chr 21:9 those with indefinite כֹּל 1Sam 10:11; 2Sam 2:23; 2Sam 15:2, or with participle = rel. clause 1Sam 11:1 (on all see Dr§ 78 n. & Sm); quite unique is 1Kgs 16:31, with הֲנָקֵל ׳לָכְתּוֺ וגוin place of temporal clause
   (b) וַיְהִי sometimes followed by simple Perfect, with a negative Gen 39:10 (with כְּ Infinitive), Exod 13:17 (with בְּ Infinitive) 2Kgs 12:7; 2Kgs 17:25 (both with בְּ temporal); & without negative, Gen 8:13 (P) Gen 14:1 +, usually with בְּ temporal (38 t.), Hexateuch chiefly P; rarely with other preposition & adverb as above; note especially מִדֵּי followed by Infinitive 1Sam 18:30; 2Chr 12:11 sometimes the subject of following Perfect precedes it with וְ, as Gen 22:1; Gen 41:1; 1Sam 18:19; 1Sam 30:1; 2Kgs 2:9; 2Kgs 4:40 +; note especially 2Sam 17:27 where several subject & also several objects precede the Perfect (compare Dr); in these cases temporal modifier is occasionally a circumstantial clause 2Sam 13:30; 1Kgs 8:10; 2Kgs 19:37 = Isa 37:38 rarely subject precedes Perfect without וְ 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 21:1, compare subject preceding Participle without וְ Neh 4:10 in 2Chr 8:1 the object (with וְ) precedes what is apparently the principal verb
   (c) וַיְהִי followed by וְהִנֵּה Gen 24:15 (J; טֶרֶם in temporal clause), Gen 29:25 (E), Gen 38:27 (J, both בְּ temporal) vGen 38:29 (כְּ Participle), 1Sam 13:10 (כְּ Infinitive); also 2Sam 1:2; 2Sam 13:36; 2Sam 15:32 (circumstantial clause) 2Kgs 2:11 (id.), 2Kgs 3:20; 2Kgs 13:21 (circumstantial clause).
   (d) rarely וַיְהִי (in this sense) followed by other constructions: אָז יִתֵּן 1Kgs 9:10 (with מִקְצֵה); Imperfect frequentative 1Kgs 14:28 (with מִדֵּיבּֿאֹ), 2Kgs 4:8 (with מִדֵּי עָבְרוֺ) Jer 36:23 (with כְּ Infinitive); Perfect consecutive frequentative 2Chr 24:11 (with בְּ temporal). (2) rarely also Perfect with וְ conjunctive וְהָיָה (compare Dr§ 183) followed by Imperfect consecutive as subject clause: 1Sam 1:12 (c. several circumstantial clause), 1Sam 10:9 (with כְּ Infinitive) 2Kgs 3:15 (id.), 1Sam 17:48 (with כִּי), Jer 37:11 (with בְּ Infinitive), Amos 7:2 (with אִם temporal); also Jer 3:9 (apparently with מִן causative, but obscure); 1Sam 13:22 (with בְּ temporal) is followed by וְלֹא & Perfect as well as Imperfect consecutive
  b. less often וְהָיָה Perfect consecutive and it shall come to pass, or frequentative,came to pass (repeatedly, etc.) usually
   (a) followed by simple Imperfect (c. 100 t.): a. with בְּ temporal Deut 21:16; Deut 25:19 + 37 t., (especially בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא Hos 2:18; Hos 2:33; Isa 7:18; Isa 7:21; Isa 7:23 + 21 t.); β. with בְּ local Ezek 47:23; Zech 13:8 compare also Hos 2:1 (בִּמְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר, but perhaps = instead of, compare VB); γ. with indefinite rel. clause, or its equivalents (כֹּל indefinite, etc.), compare Dr§ 121, Obs. 1: Gen 4:14; Num 17:20; Deut 12:11; Deut 18:19; Josh 7:14; Josh 7:15; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 2:36; 1Sam 17:25; 2Sam 15:35; 1Kgs 19:17; 1Kgs 20:6; Isa 4:3; Isa 24:18; Nah 3:7; Jer 27:8; Jer 42:4; Ezek 47:9; Zech 14:17; Joel 3:5 δ. with כַּאֲשֶׁר Num 33:56; Deut 28:63; Josh 23:15; Judg 7:17; Isa 29:8; Jer 31:28; Zech 8:13 ε. less often with other modifying phrase: כְּ Infinitive Exod 33:8; Exod 33:9 (both frequentative), Josh 3:13; Josh 8:8; Jer 25:12; Jer 51:63 בְּ Infinitive Gen 9:14 (P) 2Kgs 4:10; Ezek 44:17 אִם of condition Deut 20:11 (+ vDeut 20:11 Dr§ 118 n.), also Josh 22:18, where the arrangement is peculiar, & the condition is expressed without אִם (compare Dr§ 155); לְ temporal Deut 23:12 מִקֵּץ Isa 23:17 טֶרֶם Isa 65:24 מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֺ Isa 66:23, etc.
   (b) וְהָיָה followed by Perfect consecutive (c. 85 t.): α. most often + clause with כִּי temporal Gen 12:12; Gen 46:33 (both J) Exod 1:10 (E) Deut 11:29; Isa 8:21 + 25 t.; β. with אִם Exod 4:8; Exod 4:9; Num 15:24; Deut 11:13 + 14 t.; also Gen 38:9; Num 21:9 (both frequentative); γ. with בְּ temporal Gen 30:41 (frequentative) Gen 47:24 (but compare Ol Di) Exod 16:5 + 11 t.; δ. with indefinite rel. clause or equivalent (Dr§ 121 Obs. 1): Gen 24:14; Num 10:32 (Dr§ 118 n.) Num 21:18; Deut 21:3; Judg 11:31; Judg 19:30; Zech 14:16 ε. occasionally with other modifying phrase: כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:40 +; כְּ Infinitive Gen 44:31 +; בְּ Infinitive Exod 33:22 +; מִקֵּץ 2Sam 14:26 עֵקֶב causative Deut 7:12 also
   (c) followed by וְלֹא + simple Imperfect Exod 3:21 (with כִּי temporal).
   (d) וְהָיָה followed by Imperative (very rare) Deut 6:10 (with כִּי temporal), 1Sam 10:7 (with כִּי), compare 1Sam 29:10, compare Perfect consecutive in command 1Sam 3:9 (with אִם).
   (e) וְהָיָה followed by simple Perfect (also very rare) Deut 8:19 (with אִם).
   (f) וְהָיָה followed by clause without verb: Gen 24:43; Josh 2:19; 1Kgs 18:24 (all with indefinite rel. modifier, or equivalents, see
   (a) γ,
   (b) δ, above).
   (g) וְהָיָה (ו conjunctive) followed by Imperfect consecutive see
  a.
   (e) above

II. Come into being, become: —

1. a. absolute, in lively narrative, arise, appear, come וַתְּהִי צְעָקָה גְדֹלָהExod 12:80 (J) and there arose a great cry in Egypt; וַיְהִיקֿוֺל Ezek 1:25 (strike out Co compare Da), Ezek 37:7 (strike out קוֺל ᵐ5 Co); כִּי הָֽיְתָה הָֽרְוָחָה Exod 8:11 (J) Pharaoh saw that respite had come; Mic 7:4 now shall come their confusion (|| בוא); also of concrete objects וְהָֽיְתָה הַקֶּשֶׁת בֶּעָנָן Gen 9:16 (P) and the bow shall appear in the clouds (|| וְנִרְאֲתָה) וְרִמָּה לֹא הָֽיְתָה בּוֺ Exod 16:24 (P) and worms did not appear in it; of condition or action begun & continuing, as: famine Gen 12:10; Gen 26:1 (twice in verse) (all J), Gen 41:54 (E), Ruth 1:1; 2Sam 21:1; 2Kgs 6:25 strife Gen 13:7; Gen 13:8 (J), Hab 1:3 (|| מָדוֺן יִשָּׂא); often of action of the elements, as the coming of hail Exod 9:18; Exod 9:24; Exod 9:26 (all J), thunder & lighting, etc., Exod 19:16 (E), rain 1Kgs 18:45, storm Jonah 1:4 especially of creative fiats יְהִי אוֺר וַיְהִי אוֺר Gen 1:3 let light appear, and light appeared, compare vGen 1:5 vGen 1:8 vGen 1:13 vGen 1:19 vGen 1:23 vGen 1:31 (all P); also arise, come on the stage or scene, וְאַחֲרָיו הָיָה שַׁמְגַּר Judg 3:31 and after him arose Shamgar (= וַיָּקָם Judg 10:1); further וַעֲלָטָה הָיָה Gen 15:17 (JE) and darkness came on; הַבֹּקֶר הָיָה Exod 10:13 (J) the morning came, Exod 19:16 (E); וַיְהִי הַיּוֺם 1Sam 1:4 and the day came, when (see Dr), 1Sam 14:1; 2Kgs 4:8; 2Kgs 4:11; 2Kgs 4:18; Job 1:6; Job 1:18; Job 2:1.
  b. followed by preposition: בְּ, וְיָדֵנוּ אַלתְּֿהִיבֿוֺ Gen 37:27 (J) but our hand, let it not come upon him, of hand of ׳יּ 1Sam 5:9; 1Sam 7:13; 1Sam 12:15 + (all in hostile sense); בְּכָלשֲֶֿֿׁר יֶשׁלֿוֺ ׳וַיְהִי בִּרְכַּת י Gen 39:5 (J) and the blessing of ׳י came into (on) all that he had; but also of plague Exod 12:13 (P); followed by עַל, וּמֵי הַמַּבּוּל הָיוּ עַלהָֿאָרֶץ Gen 7:10 (J) that the waters of the flood came upon the earth; עָלַי הָיוּ כֻלָּ֑נָה Gen 42:36 (E) Gen 9:2 (P) fear shall come upon, compare Gen 35:25 (P) 2Chr 14:13; 2Chr 17:19; 2Chr 20:29 +; of wrath Josh 22:20; 1Kgs 3:27 so of Saul's evil spirit from God 1Sam 16:16; 1Sam 16:23; 1Sam 19:9 (אֶל); but followed by עַל also in good sense ׳וַתְּהִי עָלָיו רוּחַ י conferring strength & efficiency Judg 3:10; Judg 11:29 (היה = צלח Judg 14:6 + often), compare Num 24:2 (JE) of prophetic power; (on ׳וַתְּהִי לָיו יַד י 2Kgs 3:15; Ezek 3:22 and the like, see יָד); יַד אֱלֹהֵינוּ הָֽיְתָה עָלֵינוּ Ezra 8:31, so Ps 80:18 even וַתְּהִי עַלרֿאֹשׁ דָּוִד 2Sam 12:30 and it (the crown, עֲטֶרֶת) came (i.e. was put, set) on David's head; with a different meaning וַנִּהְיֶה עֲלֵיהֶם עַדפֶּֿתַח הַשָּׁ֑עַר 2Sam 11:23 and we were close upon them even to the gateway (compare We Dr); come, go, follow (followed by אַחֲרֵי) i.e. take the side of, adhere to, Exod 23:2 (JE) 1Sam 12:14; 2Sam 2:10; 1Kgs 12:20; 1Kgs 16:21 followed by לְ of blessings Gen 49:26 (poem); of judgement, punishment Jer 40:3 especially ויהי דבר֗֗֗ אֶל and the word of ... came unto: word of Samuel 1Sam 4:1 usually word of God (or ׳י) Gen 15:1; 1Sam 15:10 +; constantly in prophets: Hos 1:1; Mic 1:1 etc.; especially Jeremiah & Ezekiel: Jer 1:4; Jer 1:11; Jer 1:13; Jer 2:1; Jer 13:8 +; Ezek 3:16; Ezek 6:1; Ezek 7:1; Ezek 11:14; Ezek 11:17; Ezek 11:21; Ezek 11:26; Ezek 12:1; Ezek 12:8 +; so also absolute הָיָה הַמַּשָּׂא הַזֶּה Isa 14:28 in the death-year of king Ahaz came this utterance; also followed by מִן; מַלְכֵי עַמִּים מִמֶּנָּה יִהְיוּ Gen 17:16 (P), וּקְהַל גּוֺיִם יִהְיֶה מִמֶּ֑ךָּ Gen 35:11 (P), וְהָיָה אַדִּירוֺ מִמֶּנּוּ Jer 30:21 (|| מִקִּרְבּוֺ יֵצֵא); הַכֹּל הָיָה מִןהֶֿעָפָר וְהַכֹּל שָׁב אֶל הֶעָפָר Eccl 3:20 all came from the dust, & all return unto the dust; וַיְהִי קֶצֶף גָּדוֺל מֵאֵת צְבָאוֺת ׳י Zech 7:12.
2. become :
  a. followed by predicate noun (to be viewed as implicit accusative Dr§ 161, 3 n., according to the Arabic usage WAG ii, § 41. 44. 74): הִוא הָֽיְתָה אֵם כָּלחָֿ֑י Gen 3:20 (J) it was she that became the mother of all living; וַיְהִי הֶבֶל רֹעֵה צאֹן וְקַיִן הָיָה עֹבֵד אֲדָמָהGen 4:2 (J) and Abel became a shepherd of flocks, while Cain became a tiller of ground; 2Sam 8:14; Mic 2:11 + often
  b. followed by predicate adjective Gen 38:7; Exod 36:13 +; compare Gen 37:20 let us see what his dream will become (turn out to be, signify);
  c. become like (כְּ), וִהְיִיתֶם כֵּאלֹהִים Gen 3:5 and ye shall become like gods compare vGen 3:22, Num 11:1 (JE), Hos 2:1; Hos 7:11; Isa 9:18; 1Kgs 7:8; Zech 9:7 +; compare Gen 15:5 so (כֹּה) shall thy seed become; specifically of likeness in punishment Isa 1:9; 1Sam 17:36 +; also with כְּ repeated וְהָיָה כָעָם כַּכֹּהֵן Hos 4:9 and the people shall become like the priest (literally, and the like of the people shall become the like of the priest), so especially Isa 24:2 (6 pairs of words as above); וְהָיָה כַצַּדִּיק כָּרָשָׁע Gen 18:25 (J), see כְּ. b + c Gen 27:32 his hands had become like the hands of Esau his brother, hairy.
  d. followed by predicate + לְ person וּתְהִי אִשָּׁה לְבֶןאֲֿדֹנֶיךָ Gen 24:51 (J) and let her become wife to the son of thy lord, 1Sam 16:21; 1Kgs 11:25; Ps 89:42; 1Chr 18:6 +; = be instituted, estanblished, וְהָיָה לָהֶםחָקעֿוֺלָם Exod 30:21 (P) and it shall be established for them as a perpetual ordinance (compare f below).
  e. followed by לְ predicate: וַיְהִי הָאָדָם לְנֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה Gen 2:7 (J) and the man became a living soul; וְהָיָה לְאַרְבָּעָה רָאשִׁיםGen 2:10 (J) and it became four heads; גַּםהֿוּא יִהְיֶהלְֿעָם Gen 48:19 (J) he too shall become a people; וִהְיוּ לַאֲנָשִׁים 1Sam 4:9 and become (shew yourselves to be) men (|| הִתְחַזְּקוּ; compare with double לְ, f below); Zeph 1:13; Ezek 17:6; Ezek 47:12; Job 16:8 עלמֶלֶךְ עַלכָּֿלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳וְהָיָה י Zech 14:9 וַיְהִי לְמַס עֹבֵד Gen 49:15; Josh 16:10 so often; also in sense of turn into, be changed so as to become, וַיְהִי לְנָחָשׁExod 4:3 and it became a serpent, vExod 4:4; Exod 7:10; Isa 1:22; Deut 26:5 +; figurative וַיְהִי לְמָ֑יִם Josh 7:5 and it (their heart) turned to water, so וְהוּא הָיָה לְאֶבֶן 1Sam 25:37 or, serve as וְהָיוּ לִמְאוֺרֹת Gen 1:15 (P) and they shall become (fulfil the function of, serve as) luminaries, compare vGen 1:14 וְהָיָה לְאוֺת בְּרִית Gen 9:13; Gen 17:11 (both P). feminine often with לְ predicate + לְ person: וַתְּהִי לָהֶם הַלְּבֵנָה לְאָ֑בֶןGen 11:3 (J) and the bricks became (served as) stone for them; וַתְּהִי לִי לְאִשָּׁה Gen 20:12 (E) compare Gen 24:67 (J) +, וַתִּהְיֶינָה מַחְלָה וְחָגְלָה ֗֗֗ לַבְנֵי דֹדֵיהֶן לְנָשִׁים Num 36:11 וְהָיָה לְךָ וְלָהֶם לְאָכְלָה Num 6:21 (P), Exod 2:10; Exod 15:2; Judg 8:27 לִי לֵאלֹהִים ׳וְהָיָה י Gen 28:21 (E); אֲנִי אֶהְיֶה לוֺ לְאָב וְהוּא יִהְיֶהלִֿי לְבֵן 1Chr 17:3 +; = shew or prove oneself as הֱיֵהלִֿי לְבֶןחַֿיִל 1Sam 18:17 shew thyself for me a valiant man (compare 1Sam 4:9 e above); = be instituted, established (compare e above) וְהָיָה לְאַהֲרֹן וּלְבָנָיו לְחָקעֿוֺלָם Exod 29:28 and it shall be instituted for Aaron and his sons as a perpetual ordinance; compare vExod 29:9; Lev 10:15 וְהָֽיְתָה לִהְיֹת לָהֶם מָשְׁחָתָם לִכְהֻנַּת עוֺלָם לְדֹרֹתָם Exod 40:15 (all P).
  g. with עַל and לְ 1Sam 22:2 וַיְהִי עֲלֵיהֶם לְשָׂר and he became over them prince.
  h. sometimes with לְ person only = become the property of, come into the possession of ׳וַיְהִילֿוֺ צאֹןוּֿבָקָר וְגו Gen 12:15 (J), and he came to have flocks and herds etc., Gen 26:14; Gen 30:43 לֹא לוֺ יִהְיֶה הַזָּ֑רַע Gen 38:9 not his should the seed become; ׳וְהָיָה לי Judg 11:31 it shall become Yah-weh's; Deut 10:9; Josh 13:29; 1Kgs 10:26; 1Kgs 11:3 + often; so of a woman, as wife תְּהִינָֿא לְךָ Judg 15:2 pray let her become thine, compare also וַתְּהִי אֵשֶׁת שִׁמְשׁוֺן לְמֵרֵעֵהוּ Judg 14:20, Hos 3:3; Ruth 1:13; Lev 21:3; Deut 24:2; Jer 3:1; Ezek 16:8 (and also + לְאִשָּׁה, לְנָשִׁים see f above)III. Be (often with subordinate idea of becoming); —
1. exist, be in existence (i.e. originally have come into existence), כָּלהַֿיּמִים אֲשֶׁר הָיָה 1Sam 1:28 all the days which he shall have been (lived, = חַי Gen 5:5 etc., DrSm), Job 3:16; Isa 23:13 often with בְּ local וְכֹל שִׂיחַ הַשָּׂדֶה טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ Gen 2:5 (J) and there was not yet in the earth any shrub of the field; ׳וּבְאֵלֶּה לֹא הָיָה אִישׁ וגו Num 26:64 (P) and among them there was not a man to be found, etc.; also וְלֹא הָיָה כַּיּוֺם הַהוּא לְפָנָיו וְאַחֲרָיו Josh 10:14 (JE) & there hath not been a day like that before it nor since. compare 2Sam 14:25; 2Sam 1:5; 2Sam 21:25; 2Sam 23:25; +; somewhat weaker, in the frequently introductory clause וַיְהִי אִישׁ now there was a man Judg 13:2; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:1; Num 9:6 (P), Job 1:1 +; on אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה Exod 3:14 see יהוֺה.
2. abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) וַיְהִי משֶׁה בָּהָר Exod 24:18 and Moses remainded in the mount forty days, etc., so Exod 34:28 (both J E), Judg 17:4; Judg 17:12; 1Sam 6:1; 1Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 11:3 = 2Chr 22:12 +; also Lev 22:27; Lev 25:28 (both H), etc.; followed by עַד temporal remain until Deut 22:2; 1Kgs 11:40; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Chr 5:9; 2Chr 26:21; Dan 1:21 etc.; compare הוּא יִהְיֶה לְעוֺלָם Eccl 3:14 so also of space followed by עַד extend unto, as far as, Josh 19:10: of net beneath altar, Exod 27:5 shall reach as far as (עַד) the middle of the altar.
3. with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated stand, lie; בִּהְיוֺתָם בַּשָּׂדֶה Gen 4:8 (J) when they were in the field, הַמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁרהָֿיָה שָׁם אָהֳלֹה בַּתְּחִלָּה Gen 13:3 (J) the place where his tent had stood at first; וְהָאָרֶץ תִּהְיֶה לִפְנֵיכֶם Gen 34:10 and the land, it lieth before you; compare Josh 19:1; Judg 7:1; Judg 7:8; Mic 5:6; Mic 5:7 followed by עַל be, be found or situated upon Isa 30:25 and there shall be upon every high mountain etc., streams, water-courses; Ezek 37:27 and my dwelling-place shall be over them; figurative of guilt דָּמִים וְהָיָה עָלָיךָ Deut 19:10 and blood (-guilt) be upon thee.
4. as copula, joining subject & predicate: —
  a. followed by predicate adjective וַיִּהְיוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם עֲרוּמִּים Gen 2:25, וְהַנָּחָשׁ הָיָה עָרוּם Gen 3:1, בִּהְיוֺתָם כֹּאֲבִים Gen 34:25, וַיְהִי יוֺסֵף יְפֵהתֹֿאַר Gen 39:6; Deut 23:15; Josh 19:9; Judg 11:1; Job 1:1; Job 1:3b 2Chr 7:21.
  b. followed by predicate noun Gen 1:2; Gen 9:18; Gen 25:3; Gen 36:14; Gen 40:13; 1Sam 17:34; 1Sam 17:42; 2Sam 8:10; 2Sam 20:25; 1Kgs 10:6; 2Kgs 3:4; 2Kgs 5:1 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:20; 1Chr 11:20; 1Chr 18:10; 1Chr 26:10; 2Chr 13:7 כִּי לֹאהָֿיָה מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Chr 18:32 (|| 1Kgs 22:33 כִּילֹֿאמֶֿלֶךְ ישׂראל הוּא) +; often of age: וַיְהִי אַבְרָם בֶּןתִּֿשְׁעִים שָׁנָה וְתֵשַׁע שָׁנִים Gen 17:1 (P) 2Kgs 8:17; 2Kgs 14:2; 2Kgs 15:2; 2Kgs 15:33; 2Kgs 18:2; 2Chr 21:20; 2Chr 27:8 +; followed by predicate Infinitive absolute (very anomal.) וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֺךְ וְחָסוֺר Gen 8:5 = amount to, come to, in enumeration of days of life number of people, amounts of money, etc.: Gen 5:4; Gen 5:5; Gen 5:8; Gen 5:11; Gen 5:14; Gen 9:29; Gen 11:32; Gen 23:1 +; Exod 38:24; Num 1:46, etc.
  c. followed by adverb & adverbial phrase: לֹאטֿוֺב הֱיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדּוֺGen 2:18 (J) it is not good that the man be alone; חָדַל לִהְיוֺת לְשָׂרָה אֹרַה כַּנָּשִׁים Gen 18:11 (J).
  d. followed by preposition: (a) be with, accompany with עִם, subject most often ׳י or אלהים with added idea of protection, aid Gen 26:3; Gen 31:3; Gen 39:10; Gen 48:21; Josh 1:3; Josh 6:27; Judg 1:19; Judg 2:18; 1Sam 3:19; 1Sam 18:12; 1Sam 20:13; 1Kgs 1:37; 1Chr 11:13; 2Chr 17:3 followed by עִמָּדִי Gen 28:20; Gen 31:5; Gen 35:3 followed by עִם, human subject, of accompaniment וְהָיָההַכֹּהֵןבֶּןאַֿהֲרֹן עִםהַֿלְוִיִּם Neh 10:39; 1Chr 11:12, read also in || 2Sam 23:9 (Th We Dr); = be on the side of 1Kgs 1:8 with עִם also = be near הָיָה עִםגֹּֿרֶן האורנה ׳וּמַלְאַךְ י 2Sam 24:16 (compare Dr); also 2Sam 13:20 implying sexual intercourse, so Gen 39:10 (perhaps gloss, compare Di); peculiar uses with עִם are: וּדְבַראַֿבְנֵר הָיָה עִםזִֿקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Sam 3:17 and the speech of A. had been with the elders of Israel, compare 1Kgs 1:7 וַיְהִי עִםלְֿבַב דָּוִד אָבִּי לִבְנוֺת 1Kgs 8:17 and it was with (i.e. in) the heart of David my father to build, = 2Chr 6:7 compare 1Kgs 8:18 (twice in verse); 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 6:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 24:4 also 1Kgs 10:2 = 2Chr 9:1
   (b) be with, followed by אֶת, subject ׳י, אלהים, Gen 21:20; Gen 39:2; Gen 39:21 but also with human subject וּבָנָיוּ הָיוּ אֶתמִֿקְנֵהוּ Gen 34:5, compare 1Sam 29:8 +;
   (c) followed by לְ of possessor כֶּרֶם הָיָה לִידִדִי Isa 5:1 all vineyard had my beloved, Gen 30:30 compare Exod 20:3 = Deut 5:7; Judg 18:27; 1Sam 9:2; 1Kgs 5:6 + often (compare I. 2 d, f, h);
   (d) followed by לְ + other preposition: of boundary וַיְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל מֵעֲרוֺעֵרJosh 13:16, compare וַיְהִי גְבוּלָם מִמַּחֲנַיִם vJosh 13:30 וַוְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל לִפְאַת צָפנַָה מִיַּרְדֵּן Josh 18:12, etc.;
   (e) followed by בְּ be among, or of, Amos 1:1 who was one of the herdsmen, 1Kgs 2:7 let them be among those eating, Prov 22:26; Prov 23:20.
5. periphrastic conjug.:
  a. היה + participle, of continuous state, or condition, sometimes, especially late (compare Late Hebrew), of habit, with וַיְהִי also of beginning and continuance (compare Dr§ 135, (5)): participle active Gen 39:22 (J), Exod 3:1 (E), 1Sam 2:11; 1Sam 7:10; 1Sam 18:9 (compare Dr) v1Sam 18:14 v1Sam 18:29; 2Sam 8:15 = 1Chr 18:14. Deut 28:29; Isa 30:20; 1Kgs 5:1; 1Kgs 5:15; 1Kgs 5:24; 2Kgs 6:5; 2Kgs 9:14; 2Chr 9:26; Ezra 4:4; Neh 1:4; Neh 2:13; Dan 1:16 +; Gen 1:6 (P); ׳הָיָה יָרֵא אֶתיֿ 1Kgs 18:3; 2Kgs 4:1; 2Chr 26:1 passive participle Josh 10:26; 1Kgs 13:24; 1Kgs 22:35 וְהַמֶּלֶךְ הָיָה מָעֳמָד בַּמֶּרְכָּבָה (|| 2Chr 18:34 הָיָה מַעֲמִיד), Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1, וְהָיָה סָגוּר Ezek 44:2, נַעֲשֶׂה ׳ה Neh 5:18, ׳וְאָהוּב לֵאלֹהָיו ה Neh 13:26 — on 2Sam 13:32 compare Dr.
  b. followed by Infinitive with לְ (Dr§ 208, 204): וְהָיָה לְבָעֵר Isa 5:5 and it shall be to burn (is to be, is destined to be burned) etc.; לָבוֺא וַיְהִי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Gen 15:12 and the sun was about to set; וַיְהִי הַשַּׁעַר לִסְגּוֺר Josh 2:5 and the gate was about to be shut; but also וַיְהִי לִדְרשׁ אֱלֹהִים 2Chr 26:5 (nearly = וַיְהִי + Participle) Niph`al Perfect נִהְיָה 1Kgs 1:27 + 6 t. + Mic 2:4 (compare below near the end); 3 feminine singular נִהָיְתָה Judg 19:30 + 5 t., נִהְיָ֑תָה Exod 11:6; Jer 48:19 וְנִהְיָ֑תָה consecutive Ezek 39:8 + Ezek 21:12 (strike out B Manuscripts ᵐ5 Co); 2 masculine singular נִהְיֵיתָ Deut 27:9 1 singular ךּנהִךְייךתי Dan 8:27 Participle feminine singular נִהְיָה Prov 13:19 —
1. either, be done, be brought about, or occur, come to pass: in the strong expressions וְכָמֹהוּ לֹא תֹסִף אֲשֶׁר כָּמֹהוּ ׳לֹא נ Exod 11:6 (J) a cry such as hath not occurred (been raised), and will not be again, compare Deut 4:32 (be done; || נִשְׁמַע), & Judg 19:30 (|| נִרְאֲתָה); — but simply intransitive Joel 2:2; Dan 12:1 & apparently Ezek 21:12 (|| בָּאָ֫ה; on text, however, see above) Ezek 39:8 (|| id.); — also אֵיכָה נִהְיְתָה הָרָעָה הַזֹּאת Judg 20:3 how hath this wickedness been done ? compare vJudg 20:12; Jer 5:30; Jer 48:19 also Neh 6:8 with לֹא, existence denied ׳לֹא נ Zech 8:10 (|| אֵינֶ֑נָּה); in all the above (except Joel 2:2; Dan 12:1 & Ezek 21:12; Ezek 39:8) personal agency is clearly implied; it is expressed ׳מֵאֵת אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶץ נ הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה 1Kgs 1:27, so of divine agency (מֵאִתִּי) 1 K i1Kgs 12:24 = 2Chr 11:4 further be attained, secured, of wages Zech 8:10 (with לֹא, || אֵינֶ֑נָּה); תַּאֲוָּה נִהְיָה Prov 13:19 a desire come to pass, realized.
2. be done, finished, gone, only Daniel וּשְׁנָתוֺ נִהְיְתָה עָלָיו Dan 2:1 and his sleep was finished upon him, i.e. left him (compare Aramaic Dan 6:19); נִהְיֵיתִי Dan 8:27 I came to an end, was exhausted (si vera lectio, strike out ᵐ5; || נֶחֱלֵיתִי); נִהְיָה, in וְנָהָה נְהִי נִהְיָה Mic 2:4, is dubious; it is done, over, the ruin is come Rob-Ges Ew Hi Ca Che L RVm;? < omit as dittograph StaZAW 1886, 122 f. compare JBL1890, 74.77.

BDB9470 H1934 H1961

BDB9469 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9471

הֲוָא, הֲוָּה71 verb come to pass, become, be (Biblical Hebrew הָיָה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲוָה Dan 4:26 +, הֲוָא Dan 5:19 +; 2 masculine singular הֲוַיְתָ Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34, 1 singular הֲוֵית Dan 4:1 +; 3 masculine plural הֲווֺ Dan 2:35 +; Imperfect 3 masculine singular לֶהֱוֵא (K§ 47, l) b) Dr§ 204 Obs. NöM 215 ff.; in Jewish-Aramaic as jussive D§ 61, lc) Dan 2:20 +; 3 feminine singular תֶּהֱוֵה Dan 4:24 +, אֵ֯ Ezra 6:8 +, 3 masculine plural לֶהֱוֺן Ezra 6:10 + 6 t., 3 feminine plural לֶהֶוְיָן Dan 5:17 Imperative masculine plural הֱווֺ Ezra 4:22, הֲזוֺ Ezra 6:6 —
1. come to pass Dan 2:28; Dan 2:29 (twice in verse); Dan 2:45.
2. come into being, arise Ezra 7:23 become, come to be, with predicate noun Dan 4:24; Dan 5:29 and ( = represent) Dan 7:23 with כְּ like Dan 2:35 a, with ל predicate vDan 2:35 b, with adjective predicate Ezra 6:6, with adverb phrase Ezra 5:5; Dan 4:22 often periphrastic, with participle: ׳יְדִיעַ לה let become known Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:13; Ezra 5:8 let it be given Ezra 6:8; Ezra 6:9, also Ezra 7:26; Dan 2:20.
3. be, as copula, with adjective predication Dan 2:40; Dan 2:42; Dan 7:19 so very often in periphrastic conjugation with participle, צָבֵא ׳ה wish Dan 5:19 (4 t. in verse), ׳חָזֵה ה behold Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34; Dan 7:2; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:6 +, etc.

be, pass, was, were, came, …
hāyâ
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
  • to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
    • (Qal)
      • to occur
        • to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
          • "to come about, come to pass
        to come into being, become
        • to arise, appear, come
          • "to become
          • to become
            • "to become like"to be instituted, be established
        to be
        • to exist, be in existence
          • "to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)"to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)"to accompany, be with
      (Niphal)
      • to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
        • "to be done, be finished, be gone

בְ עֵינֵ֙י נוּ֙
בְ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
עֵינֵ֙י
Root word eyes, sight, eye, seemeth, colour, …
נוּ֙
Suffix — pronoun our / us
Dictionary form: עַיִן · ah-YIN

Noun — Common, both dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: in our own sight
in the sight ×109 mine eyes ×45 thine eyes ×42 his eyes ×39 in thy sight ×26 the eyes ×22 in the eyes ×20 eye ×16
More options
eye — Core anatomical meaning; singular, most versatile starting point.
sight — Prefer for phrases like 'in the sight of'; perception sense.
spring — Use when the referent is a water source, not a body part.
appearance — Suits contexts describing color, resemblance, or visual quality.
presence — Idiomatic in phrases meaning 'before someone'; relational nuance.
opinion — For idioms like 'in his own eyes'; subjective judgment sense.

BDB5892 H5772 H5771 H5869

BDB5891 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5893

[עוֺנָה] Qr, [ עֵינָה] Kt noun feminine only suffix Hos 10:10: Qr plural עוֺנֹתָם Baer, singular עוֺנָתָם Ginsb; > עֵינֹתָם Kt; but read עֲוֺנֹתָם, see עָוֺן 1 a..

BDB5893 H5869

BDB5892 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5894

עֹוֵן Kt 1Sam 18:9 see עין.

עִוְעִים see below I. עוה.

BDB6014 H5869

BDB6013 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6015

I. עַ֫יִן859 noun feminineGen 3:7 and (Zech 3:9; Zech 4:10 AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 75) masculine eye (ancient Semitic word; √ and relation to II. ׳ע unknown; Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician ען; ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא Palmyrene עינא Zinjirli suffix עיני, עינך Syriac ; Assyrian ênu, enu, Tel Amarna suffix inaya and (apparently Canaanite gloss —inaya; Arabic ; Ethiopic ); — absolute ׳ע Exod 21:4 +, construct עֵין vExod 21:26 +; suffix עֵינִי Gen 44:21 + (2Sam 16:12 read עָנְיִי Vrss Comm.), עֵינְךָ Deut 7:16 +, עֵינֵנוּ Ps 35:21 (2Sam 20:6 see נצל Hiph`il); suffix 3 masculine plural עֵינָם Isa 13:18 (Zech 5:6 read עֲוֺנָם ᵐ5 We Gr Now), עֵינֵמוֺ Ps 73:7 (but read עֲוֺנָמוֺ see Commentaries); usually dual עֵינַיִם Gen 20:16 +, עֵינָ֑יִם Isa 3:16 +, especially construct עֵינֵי Gen 3:7 +, עֵנֵי Isa 3:8 suffix עֵינַי Gen 31:10 +, עֵינֶיךָ Judg 6:17 +, etc. (Hos 10:10 read עֲוֺנֹתָם compare ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Che We Gr Now); — eye:

1. literally as physical organ,
  a. of man Exod 21:6 (3 t. in verse) (E), Gen 3:6 (J) +, Lev 21:20; Lev 24:20 (twice in verse); Lev 26:16 (H; very rarely P, e.g. Deut 34:4; Deut 34:7), 2Kgs 4:34 (twice in verse) +; once שְׁתֵּי עֵינַי Judg 16:28.
  b. anthropomorph. of ׳י Ps 33:18; Ps 34:16 +.
  c. of idols Ps 115:5; Ps 135:16.
  d. of beasts Gen 30:41 (J), Job 40:24 (hippop., si vera lectio, but probably corrupt Di Siegf Bu Du where see conjectures), Job 41:10 (crocodile); bird Job 28:7; Job 39:29; .
  e. in wheels Ezek 1:18 compare Ezek 10:12 on stone Zech 3:9 (all in visions). feminine subject of ראה see Gen 45:12 (twice in verse) (E), + (often Deuteronomy), with חזה Ps 11:4 men see ׳בְּע Deut 3:27; 2Kgs 7:12 +; especially ׳נָשָׂא ע + ראה Gen 13:10; Gen 10:14 (J) +; compare לְכָלמַֿרְאֵה עֵינֵי הַכֹּהֵן Lev 13:12 = as far as the priest can see, ׳מַרְאֵה ע Deut 28:34 what is seen by the eyes = vDeut 28:67; Eccl 6:9.
  g. as affected by sleep, see שֵׁנָה below [יָשֵׁן].
  h. as weeping, מְקוֺר דִּמְעָה ׳ע Jer 8:23, נִגְּרָה ׳ע Lam 3:49, ׳דָּֽלְפָה ע Job 16:20 see also Jer 31:16; Ps 116:8, and ירד Qal 3 c. i. as growing dim, see I. כָּהָה, חָשַׁךְ 3; with כָּבֵד Gen 48:10 (E), קוּם 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4, שָׁעַע Isa 32:3; Isa 6:10 (Hiph`il); with כָּלָה pine, languish, see ׳כ Qal 2 b, Pi`el 2 b, with דָּאַב Ps 88:10, עָשַׁשׁ Ps 6:8; Ps 31:10, דָּלַל Isa 38:14.
  j. with פָּקַח open, after sleep Job 27:19, sleep of death 2Kgs 4:35 = keep awake Prov 20:13 (opposed to שֵׁנָה); of new power of vision Gen 3:5; Gen 3:7 (J), given by God Gen 21:19 (E), 2Kgs 6:17 (twice in verse); so (with וַיְגַל) Num 22:31 (JE); = give sight to blind 2Kgs 6:20 (twice in verse); Isa 35:5; Isa 42:7; Ps 146:8 of God (׳י) opening his eyes, ׳פָּקַח ע 2Kgs 19:16 = Isa 37:17; Dan 9:18, + עַלֿ Jer 32:19; Zech 12:4; Job 14:3 עַל {abbrev}שִׂי֥֥ ע Gen 44:21 (J) Jer 39:12; Jer 40:4, + לטובה Jer 24:6, + לרעה Amos 9:4 with פָּתַח + אֶלֿ 1Kgs 8:29 = 2Chr 6:20; 1Kgs 8:52; Neh 1:6, + ל 2Chr 6:40; 2Chr 7:15 + infinitive Neh 1:6. — Num 24:3; Num 24:15 see שׁתם
  k. ׳אוֺר ע etc., = revive, see אור
verb Qal, Hiph`il; noun, 10.
1. ׳קָרַץ ע = wink Ps 35:19; Prov 10:10, ׳בְּע ׳ק Prov 6:13. masculine ׳יִרְזְמוּן ע Job 15:12 i.e. roll (in anger).
  n. ׳ל ׳לָטַשׁ ע Job 16:9 whet eyes against = 'look daggers at.'
  o. put out eye, see עִוֵּר, נקר
  p. as feature of beauty, ׳יְפֵה ע Deut 16:12 compare Song 4:9; Song 7:5, יוֺנִים ׳ע Song 1:15; Song 4:1 and Song 5:12 (כְּיוֺנִים); on other hand, לֵאָה רַכּוֺת ׳ע Gen 29:17 (E); ׳וַתָּשֶׂם בַּפּוּךְ ע 2Kgs 9:30 (see פּוּךְ), compare Jer 4:30, ׳כָּחַל ע Ezek 23:40 paint the eyes .
  q. apple of the eye, see אִישׁוֺן, [בָּבָה], בַּת
6. r. ׳גַּבֹּת ע Lev 14:9 eyebrows.
  s. ׳חַכְלִילִי ע מִָיּ֑יִן Gen 49:12, ׳חַכְלִילוּת ע Prov 23:29 (see ׳ח); ׳מְאוֺר ע Prov 15:30, see Toy.
2. a. eyes as shewing mental qualities: arrogance גַבְהוּת ׳ע Isa 2:11, גְבֹהִים ׳ע Isa 5:15, ׳גְּבַהּעֿ Ps 101:5, ׳תִּפְאֶרֶת רוּם ע Isa 10:12 with רוּם also Ps 18:28 (so read also || 2Sam 22:28 Hup HPS), 2Sam 131:1; Prov 6:17; Prov 21:4 humility, ׳שַׁח ע Job 22:29 mockery, תִּלְעַג לְ ׳ע Prov 30:17 compare בְּ ׳רָעָה ע Deut 15:9 (grudging), Deut 28:54; Deut 28:56 (id.); especially (עַל) אַלתָּֿחֹס ׳ע not have pity on Deut 7:16 + 4 t. Deuteronomy; Ezek 5:11 + 8 t. Ezekiel; Isa 13:18, also Gen 45:20 (E; = not regret); compare ׳נֹחַם יִסָּתֵר מֵע Hos 13:14.
  b. ׳מַחְמַד ע Ezek 24:16 desire of the eyes, so vEzek 24:21 vEzek 24:25 ׳שִׁקּוּצֵי ע Ezek 20:7 abominations of the eyes, so vEzek 20:8. — Ps 73:7 see חֵלֶב.
3. Figurative of mental and spiritual faculties, acts and states:
  a. ׳תִּפָּקַחְנָה ע Gen 3:5; Gen 3:7 (J) Isa 42:7, ׳גְּלּוּי ע Num 24:4; Num 24:16 (JE); also ׳טַח מֵרְאוֺת ע Isa 44:18 ׳אֶליֿ ׳ע Ps 123:2 (see vPs 123:2 vPs 123:2 for origin of figurative), +; of ׳י, Ps 33:18 (i.e. his favour) Ps 34:16 (id. +.
  b. הַזִּנוֺת ׳ע Ezek 6:9 ׳תִּשְׂבַּע ע Eccl 1:8; Eccl 4:8 ׳שָֽׁאֲלוּ ע Eccl 2:10 לְֹנכַח יַבִּיטוּ ׳ע Prov 4:25 ׳טוֺבעֿ Prov 22:9 = bountiful, רַע עָ֑יִן Prov 23:6 = niggardly one, so Prov 28:22 eye as avenue of temptation Job 31:1; Job 31:7 ׳שִׁית ע Ps 17:11 = designation
  c. especially בְּעֵינֵי, with adjective and intransitive verbs, in the view, opinion, of Gen 16:4; Gen 16:5 (J), Gen 21:11; Gen 21:12 (E), Gen 34:18 (P), + often; with active verb 2Sam 10:3 = 1Chr 19:3; Esth 1:17; Esth 3:6 ׳הַטּוֺב בְּע Gen 16:6; Gen 19:14 (J), +, i.e. what one pleases, Num 36:6 (P) whom they please; ׳הַיָּשָׁר בְּע Deut 12:8; Deut 12:25 +, ׳הַטּוֺב וְהַיָּשָׁר בְּע vDeut 12:28; Josh 9:25 (D), ׳הָרַע בְּע Judg 2:11; Judg 3:7; Deut 4:25 + especially D and Kings (RD); so לְנֶגֶד עיניו 2Sam 22:25 = Ps 18:25 אַחֲרֵי עֵינֵיכֶם Num 15:39 = according to your wish, fancy (+ לְבַבְכֶם).
  d. ׳נֶעְלָם מֵע Lev 4:13 i.e. hid from knowledge of, so Num 5:13 (both P), Job 28:21 ׳מֵע Num 15:24 (P) without the knowledge of; מִן ׳אַעְלִים ע Isa 1:15 = disregard, pay no attention; compare Lev 20:4 (H) Ezek 22:26 without מִן, absolute, Prov 28:27 ׳נִסְתְּרוּ מֵע Isa 65:16, ׳וַיַּסְתֵּר עָמָל מֵע Job 3:10 בּוֺ ׳אַעְלִים ע (i.e. בַּכֹּפֶר) 1Sam 12:3 (נעלים sandals + ענו בי ᵐ5 Th We Kit, compare Ecclusxlvi. 19; Bu HPS insert ענו בי); ׳הַשֹּׁחַד יְעַוֵּר ע Deut 16:19, compare ׳כְּסוּת ע Gen 20:16 (E).
4. Transferred meanings:
  a. visible surface of earth Exod 10:5; Exod 10:15 (J) Num 22:5; Num 22:11 (JE).
  b. appearance Lev 13:5 (P; reading בְּעֵינוֺ Di Kau Dr-Wh), vLev 13:37 (P; reading id.), vLev 13:55 (P) Num 11:7 (twice in verse) (JE); so apparently dual 1Sam 16:7.
  c. gleam, sparkle (of metal, jewels, etc.) Ezek 1:4; Ezek 1:7; Ezek 1:16; Ezek 1:22; Ezek 1:27; Ezek 8:2; Ezek 10:9; Dan 10:6 of wine Prov 23:31.

5. Other phrases are: ׳תַּחַת ע ׳ע Exod 21:24 (E) = Lev 24:20 (H), = ׳בְּע ׳ע Deut 19:21, all = an eye for an eye; ׳בְּע ׳ע = eye to eye, Num 14:14 (P) Isa 52:8 (figurative), compare תִּרְאֶינָה ׳אֶתעֿ ׳וְע Jer 32:4; Jer 34:3 especially לְעֵינֵי in the presence of, in full view of Gen 42:24 (E) Gen 47:19 (J) Exod 4:30 (J) Num 19:5 (P), + oft; of business transaction Jer 32:12 (twice in verse); Gen 23:11; Gen 23:18 (P); so ׳נֶגֶד ע Joel 1:16, ׳לְנֶגֶד ע Job 4:16, and even ׳בְּע 1Sam 21:14; Ezra 3:12 ׳נִגְרַזְתּי מִנֶּגֶד ע Ps 31:23 ׳בֵּין ע = on the forehead Exod 13:9; Exod 13:16 (JE) Deut 6:8; Deut 11:18; Deut 14:1; Dan 8:5; Dan 8:21.

BDB6016 H5869 H5871 H5878 H5875 H5883 H5886 H8179

BDB6015 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6017

II. עַ֫יִן noun feminine spring (of water) (connection with I. ׳ע dubious; Late Hebrew id., Phoenician ען; Assyrian ênu, înu; Arabic ; Ethiopic ; Palmyrene עינא, ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא; Syriac ); — absolute ׳ע 1Sam 29:1 +, עָ֑יִן Gen 49:22 +, הָעַ֫יְנָה Gen 24:16; Gen 24:45 construct עֵין vGen 24:13 +; plural עֲיָנֹת Deut 8:7, וֺת- 2Chr 32:3 construct עֵינוֺת Exod 15:27 = Num 33:9, עִינוֺת Prov 8:28 (Ges«GKC:93v»§ 93v); — spring Gen 16:7; Gen 24:16; Gen 24:29; Gen 24:30; Gen 24:42; Gen 24:45 (all J) Gen 49:22 (poem in J), 1Sam 29:1 עֵין חַמַּיִם Gen 16:7; Gen 24:13; Gen 24:43 (J), compare Exod 15:27 (J) Num 33:9 (P); ׳נַחֲלֵי מַיִם ע וּתְחֹמֹת Deut 8:7 מֵימֵי הָעֲיָנוֺת 2Chr 32:3 תְּהוֺם ׳ְ Prov 8:28 (i.e. of the sea); figurative עֵין יַעֲקֹב Deut 33:28 (poem), i.e. Jacob's descendants. Particular springs are:
  a. חֲרֹד ׳ע Judg 7:1 (on location compare GFM).
  b. הַקּוֺרֵא ׳ע (partridge-spring) Judg 15:19 (compare id.).
  c. רֹגֵּל ׳ע near Jerusalem (early sanctuary RSSem i. 157, 2nd ed. 172) 2Sam 17:17 compare 1Kgs 1:2, on border of Judah Josh 15:7, and Benjamin Josh 18:16.
  d. הַתַּנִּין ׳ע (dragon-spring) Neh 2:13 (= c ? so RSl.c.). — On שַׁעַר הָעַיִן Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 see שַׁעַר

BDB8929 H8179 H5869

BDB8928 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8930

שַׁ֫עַר373 noun masculine2Sam 18:24 (feminineIsa 14:31 in personification, AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 86) gate; — ׳שׁ absolute Judg 9:40 +, construct Gen 22:17 +; with ה locative, שָׁ֑עְרָה Isa 28:6 +; plural שְׁעָרִים 2Sam 18:24 +, construct שַׁעֲרֵי 1Sam 17:52 +; suffix שְׁעָרֶיךָ Deut 12:15 +, שַׁעֲרֵיהֶם Ezek 21:20; Ezek 48:34, etc.; —

1. a. gate, entrance to city, shut (סָגַר) by night Josh 2:5; Josh 2:7 (JE), compare Isa 45:1, opened (פָּתַח) by day Neh 7:3, compare Isa 60:11 for entrance (בּוֺא), and exit (יָצָא) Jer 17:19; Jer 17:20; Jer 17:21; Jer 17:24; Jer 17:25; Jer 17:27; Lam 4:12; Ezek 26:10 +; ׳עָבַר שׁ Mic 2:13 pass out through (disregard accents), ׳בַּשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:10 with bars Ps 147:13 attacked Ezek 21:20; Ezek 21:27, compare Isa 28:6; Mic 1:9; Mic 1:12; 1Sam 17:52 on Judg 5:8; Judg 5:11 see Commentaries; burned (by foe) Jer 19:27; Jer 51:58; Neh 1:3; Neh 2:3; Neh 2:13; Neh 2:17 as giving control, possession, of city, אֹיְבָיו ׳יָרַשׁ אֵת שׁ Gen 22:17; Gen 24:60 (J); ׳פֶּתַח הַשּׁ Judg 9:40 + (see ׳פ), ׳דַּלְתוֺת הַשּׁ 1Sam 21:14 + (see ׳ד 3); ׳פֶּתַחהַֿשּׁ Judg 18:16; Judg 18:17 of farm or village; so of camp Exod 32:26; Exod 32:27 (J). In cities, elaborate structure, with roof 2Sam 18:24, upper chamber 2Sam 19:1 compare שְׂאוּ שְׁעָרִים רָאשֵׁיכֶם Ps 24:7; Ps 24:9 write laws ׳בִּשׁ Deut 6:9 ( + עַלמְֿזֻזוֺת בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ), Deut 11:20 (+id..); ׳בְּתוֺךְ הַשּׁ 1Sam 9:18, ׳אֶלאתּוֺךְ הַשּׁ 2Sam 3:27 ׳(לְ)יַד שׁ as public, 1Sam 4:18, + v1Sam 4:13 ᵐ5 Th We Dr and others, compare 2Sam 15:2; 2Sam 18:4; Prov 8:3 (|| מְבוֺא פְתָחִים).
  b. particular gates of Jerusalem are: (1) אֶפְרַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23; Neh 8:16; Neh 12:39 (2) הָאַשְׁפֹּת ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 3:14; Neh 12:31 = הָֽשְׁפוֺת ׳שׁ Neh 3:13 (3) בִּנְיָמִין ׳שׁ Jer 37:13; Jer 38:7; Zech 14:10 (4) הַגַּיִא ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 2:15; Neh 3:13; 2Chr 26:9 (5) הַדָּגִים ׳שׁ Zeph 1:10; Neh 3:3; Neh 12:39; 2Chr 33:14 (6) בֵּין הַחֹמֹתַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 25:4 = Jer 52:7 compare Jer 39:4 (7) החרסות ׳שׁ Jer 19:2 (8) הַיְשָׁנָה ׳שׁ Neh 3:6; Neh 12:39 (9) הַמִּזְרָךְ ׳שׁ Neh 3:29 (10) הַמַּטָּרָה ׳שׁ Neh 12:39 (11) ׳הַמָּ֑יִם שׁ Neh 8:1; Neh 8:3; Neh 8:16 (12) הַמַּיִם לַמִּזְרָ֑ח ׳שׁ Neh 3:26,compare Neh 12:37 (13) הַמִּפְקָ֑ד ׳שׁ Neh 3:31 (14) הָעַיִן ׳שׁ Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 (15) הַסּוּסִים ׳שׁ Jer 31:40; Neh 3:28 (compare 3 b); (16) הַפִּנָּה ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23 (read הַפִּנָּה for הַפּוֺנֶה), Jer 31:38; 2Chr 26:9 probably = הַפִּנִּים ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 (17) הַצּאֹן ׳שׁ Neh 3:1; Neh 3:32; Neh 12:39 (18) הָרִאשׁוֺן ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 — on sites and related to each other see RS-GASmEncy. Bib. JERUSALEM ConderHast. DB id. BuhlG 133 ff. BdPal. under the word MurrayHd. Bk, under the word BeRyNe p. 182 ff. GuZPV, especially v (1882). 7 ff. viii (1885), 245 ff. Comm.on the passage variant reading
  c. of Ezekiel's holy city, שַׁעֲרֵי הָעִיר Ezek 48:31, three on each side, named for tribes, vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 + 12 t. Ezek 48.
2. a. gate = space inside gate, as public meeting-place, market 2Kgs 7:1; 2Kgs 7:18, place of public well 2Sam 23:15; 2Sam 23:16 = 1Chr 11:17; 1Chr 11:18, where elders, judges, king, sat officially Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Amos 5:12; Amos 5:15; Isa 29:21; 2Sam 18:24; 2Sam 19:9; 1Kgs 22:10 = 2Chr 18:9; Gen 19:1 (J) Prov 24:7; Job 5:4; Job 31:21; Ruth 4:1 (twice in verse); Prov 31:23; Prov 31:31, etc.; of conqueror Jer 1:15 apparently = ׳רְחוֺב שׁ Gen 19:2 (J) Neh 8:16; 1Chr 9:16 + (see I. ׳ר); Gen 34:20 (P) one came unto gate (בָּא אֶלֿ), so ׳בָּאֵי שׁ Gen 23:10; Gen 23:18 (P) those entering the gate, i.e. having citizens' rights; also went out (to), ׳יָצָא שׁ Job 29:7 (i.e., in this case, from his own house, outside the city), hence ׳כָּליֹֿצְאֵי שׁ Gen 34:24 (twice in verse) (P; compare also הוֺצִיא אֶלֿ Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Deut 22:24); hence = body of citizens, עַמִּי׳כָּלשֿׁ Ruth 3:11.
  b. hence also = city Isa 14:31 (|| עִיר), Ps 87:2, etc.
  c. specifically in Deuteronomy, בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ in thy gates, i.e. thy cities, towns, etc., Deut 5:14 = Exod 20:10; Deut 12:12; Deut 12:15; Deut 12:17; Deut 12:21 + 22 t. Deuteronomy + 1Kgs 8:37 (read ׳בְּאַחַד שׁ, compare Deut 18:6; Deut 23:17, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 modern), so || 2Chr 6:28, + (perhaps) Jer 14:2 (but Jer 15:7; Nah 3:13 figurative of gates as entrance to land); of private house, שַׁעֲרֵי צַדִּיק Prov 14:19 (perhaps compare Judg 18:16 1 a above).
3. a. gate of royal castle or palace 2Kgs 9:31; Jer 22:2; Jer 22:4; Neh 2:8; Esth 2:19 + 10 t. Esther; specifically (of king of Judah), סוּר ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:6 = הַיְסוֺד ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:5 (see ׳ס, ׳יס), הָרָצִים ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:19, ׳אַחַר הָר ׳הַשּׁ v2Kgs 11:6 ׳הַסּוּסִים בֵּית הַמּ ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:15 ( = ׳מְבוֺא הַסּ || 2Kgs 11:16); apparently of official residence, יְהוֺשֻׁעַ ׳פֶּתַח שׁ 2Kgs 23:8.
  b. of temple Jer 7:2 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:23; 1Chr 16:42 + 12 t. Chronicles, including ׳שַׁעֲרֵי מַחֲנוֺת י 2Chr 31:2 (see מַחֲנֶה 1, p. 334), compare Ps 100:4; Ps 118:20, שַׁעֲרֵי צֶדֶק vPs 100:19 specifically בִּנְיָמִין הָעֶלְיוֺן ׳שׁ Jer 20:2, and (omit ׳בִּנְי) 2Kgs 15:35 = 2Chr 27:3; Ezek 9:2; 2Chr 23:20, הֶחָדָשׁ ׳(בֵּית) י ׳שׁ Jer 26:10; Jer 36:10, הַפְּנִימִית הַפּוֺנֶה ׳שׁ צָפוֺנָה Ezek 8:3 compare vEzek 8:14, Ezek 8:5, הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַמִּזְבֵּחַ שַׁעַר בֵּית י ׳שׁ Ezek 10:19; Ezek 11:1 שַׁלֶּכֶת ׳שׁ 1Chr 26:16 שַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶח 1Chr 9:18.
  c. of Ezekiel's temple and courts Ezek 40:3; Ezek 40:6; Ezek 44:11; Ezek 44:17 + 67 t. Ezek 40-47.
  d. of court of tabernacle (P), הֶחָצֵר ׳שׁ Exod 27:16; Exod 35:17 + 6t. Exodus + Num 4:36.
4. figurative הַשָּׁמַיִם ׳זֶה שׁ Gen 28:17 (E; || בֵּית אֱלֹהִים); plural שַׁעֲרֵי שְׁאוֺל Isa 38:10 מָֿוֶת׳שׁ Job 38:17; Ps 9:14; Ps 107:18 צַלְמָוֶת ׳שׁ Job 38:17.

BDB9761 H5869 H5870

BDB9760 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9762

[עַ֫יִן] noun feminineEzra 5:5 eye (see Biblical Hebrew I. ׳ע); — construct עֵין Ezra 5:5 (of God); plural (K§ 51, 1) of horn, עַיְנִין Dan 7:8; Dan 7:20 of man, dual construct עַיְנֵי vDan 7:8, suffix עַיְנַי Dan 4:31.

eyes, sight, eye, seemeth, colour, …
ʿayin
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
  • eye
    • eye
      • of physical eye
        • "as showing mental qualities"of mental and spiritual faculties (figuratively)
    spring, fountain

כַּֽ חֲגָבִים
כַּֽ
Prefix — preposition like, as
חֲגָבִים
Root word grasshopper, grasshoppers, locusts
Dictionary form: חָגָב · haw-ɡAWB

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: as grasshoppers
and the grasshopper ×2 as grasshoppers ×1 the locusts ×1 thereof are as grasshoppers ×1
More options
locust — Best for swarm or plague contexts; vivid and precise.
grasshopper — Good for smallness or insignificance imagery.
cricket — Use when a smaller, chirping insect fits the context.
jumping insect — Generic fallback when species is ambiguous.

BDB2535 H2284

BDB2534 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2536

I. חָגָב noun masculineEccl 12:5 locust, grasshopper (Late Hebrew id.; compare ᵑ7), probably a non-flying species, see Kn in DiLev 11:22; הֶחָגָב allowed as food Lev 11:22 (P; || אַרְבֶּה, סָלְעָם, חַרְגֹּל), כַּחֲגָבִיס Num 13:33 (J E; simile of insignificance), so Isa 40:22 as agent of Yahweh's wrath חָגָב לֶאֱכוֺל חארץ 2Chr 7:13 וְיִסְתַּבֵּל הֶחָגָב Eccl 12:5 and the grasshopper shall be a burden; better shall drag itself along, De Hi Now RVm; De thinks ׳ח here figurative of the back part of the pelvic cavity (Arabic is point of hip-bone, Bo, compare Lane), and refers to stiffness of aged joints, so Now; but the meaning is dubious; see other views of Comm.

grasshopper, grasshoppers, locusts
ḥāgāb
a locust
  • locust, grasshopper

וְ כֵ֥ן
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
כֵ֥ן
Particle this / that
Dictionary form: כֵּן · kane

Particle — Demonstrative

In the KJV here: and so
so ×204 therefore ×192 wherefore ×24 and so ×22 thus ×17 that ×12 this ×8 even so ×7
More options
so — Most natural, versatile connector; fits most contexts.
therefore — Signals logical consequence; good for formal or legal texts.
thus — Slightly more formal; suits narrative or prophetic register.
in this way — Clarifies manner or method when 'so' is ambiguous.
for this reason — Emphasizes causality more explicitly than 'therefore'.
likewise — Use when expressing similarity or parallel action.

BDB3945 H3651 H3653 H3654

BDB3944 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3946

I. כֵּן adjective right, veritable, honest (properly firm, upright; Syriac recte PS1662) — absolute כֵּן Exod 10:29 + (on possibly construct see 2 near the end); plural כֵּנִים Gen 42:11; Gen 42:19; Gen 42:31; Gen 42:33; Gen 42:34 —

1. right, usually indecl., often as substantive a right thing, especially with vbb. dicendi Exod 10:29 (J) כֵּן דִּבַּרְתָּ, Num 27:7 כֵּן דֹּבְרֹת, Num 36:5 (both P); כֵּן יַאֲרִיךְ Prov 28:2 (the) right (i.e. order and justice) shall last long (see De Now VB); = adverb aright, of pronunciation Judg 12:6 also with verb agendi Eccl 8:10 (on Isa 33:23 see III. כֵּן below כנן); right well Ps 65:10 (Che; al. = so); with לֹא, as adjective, not right דְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר לֹאכֵֿן 2Kgs 17:9 things which were not right (verb agendi); of heart of a fool Prov 15:7; Jer 23:10 as substantive = what is not right, upright Jer 8:6 with verb agendi לֹאכֵֿן 2Kgs 7:9 that which is not right we are doing, Jer 48:30 b.
2. veritable, true, כֵּןצְֿדָקָה Prov 11:19 the veritable of righteousness = true righteousness; Isa 16:6 = Jer 48:30 a may be either their boastings are not true or (Thes Che Di Du Gr Gie and others) the untruth of their boastings (לֹאכֵֿן as compound construct); absolute, in assent to something already said, Right! Correct! True! Josh 2:4.
3. plural concrete honest (men) Gen 42:11; Gen 42:19; Gen 42:31; Gen 42:33; Gen 42:34 (all E). — II. כֵּן thus, so, see below; III. כֵּן place, base, see below כנן; IV. [כֵּן], כִּנִּם, כִּנָּם, see below כנן.

BDB3996 H3588 H5921 H3651

BDB3995 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3997

כִּי עַל כֵּן forasmuch as, a peculiar phrase found Gen 18:5; Gen 19:8; Gen 33:10; Gen 38:26; Num 10:31; Num 14:43; Judg 6:22; 2Sam 18:20 Qr (rightly), Jer 29:28; Jer 38:4 — literally for therefore, emphasizing the ground pleonastically (Ew§ 353 a ). The original force of the phrase is traceable in some of the passages in which it occurs, as Gen 18:5 let me fetch a morsel of bread, and comfort your heart; כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן עֲבַרְתֶּם עַל עַבְדְּכֶם for therefore (that is, to partake of such hospitality) are ye come to your servant, Num 14:43 the Amalekite and the Canaanite are there, and ye will fall by the sword, כִּיעַֿלכֵּֿן שַׁבְתֶּם for therefore (to encounter such a fate) have ye turned back from ׳י etc.: but in process of time the distinct sense of its component parts was no doubt gradually obscured, and it thus came to be used conventionally, as a mere particle of causation, even where there was no preceding statement to which עַל כֵּן therefore could be explicitly referred. אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן appears to be used similarly (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Job 34:27.

BDB4076 H3651

BDB4075 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4077

I. כֵּן adverb so (PH. Late Hebrew ᵑ7 id.; Syriac is then, Arabic , , but: probably from the demonstrative √ ka, found in כִּי etc., Köii. 1, 254); (הִיא) כֶּןהֿוּא Gen 44:10 + 4 t.: — so (i.e. usually, as has been described or commanded, with reference to what has preceded), mostly of manner, but sometimes also of quantity, quality, or degree:

1. a. Judg 5:31 כן יאבדו so perish thy enemies, Job 5:27 הִיאכֶּןֿ, Job 8:13 כן ארחות כל שׁכחי אל, Prov 6:29; Prov 8:13; 2Sam 16:23; Isa 36:6; Isa 47:15 כן היו לך, Num 13:33 וכן היינו בעיניהם; Num 9:16 כָן יהיה תמיד Exod 10:14 (twice in verse) לא היה כן ארבה׳כמהו וג (i. e. in such numbers), 1Kgs 10:12 כן עצי אלמגים לא בא, v1Kgs 10:20; 2Chr 1:12 (twice in verse), Judg 21:14 להם כןולא מצאו and they did not suffice for them so (namely in such numbers of them as there were); 1Kgs 6:26 וכן הכרוב השׁני, Ezek 41:7 ׳וכן ל Exod 27:11; 1Kgs 10:29; Ezek 40:16; 2Chr 35:12, compare 1Chr 23:30 ׳כן ל Exod 25:33 (compare Exod 26:24), Josh 21:40.
  b. the force of כֵּן has sometimes to be elicited from the context : 1Kgs 2:7 כי כן קרבו אלי (that is, with kindness such as that enjoined in va), 1Kgs 20:40 כן משׁפטך, Jer 14:10 לנועכן אהבו (i.e. not less than ׳י has withdrawn from them vJer 14:9, Gf Ke; Gie proposes אָכֵן), Ps 61:9 שִׁמְךָכֵּן אֲזַמְּרָה (Hi כְּצִדְקְךָ, implied in vJer 14:6-8), Ps 63:3 חֲזִיתִךָכֵּן בַּקֹּדֶשׁ (that is, with the longings of vPs 63:2), vPs 63:5 אֲבָרֶכְךָ בְחַיָּיכֵּן (that is כְּרֹב חַסְדְּךָ vPs 63:4), Ps 65:10 כִּי כֵן תְּכִינֶהָ (i.e. so generously, vPs 65:10), Ps 90:12 לִמְנוֺת יָמֵינוּ כֵּן הוֺדַע (Hi ׳כְּיִרְאַת י vPs 90:11), Ps 127:2 כֵּן יִתֵּן לִידִידוֺ שֵׁנָא (that is, as abundantly; but Che אָכֵן), Prov 24:14 (see vProv 24:13), Isa 52:14 כֵּן מִשְׁחַת מֵאִישׁ מַרְאֵהוּ (sufficiently to justify שׁממו עליך רבים).
  c. כן occurs frequently in particular phrases, as
   (a) with הָיָה, especially ויהי כן and it was so Gen 1:7; Gen 1:9; Gen 1:11 +, 2Kgs 2:10 if thou seest me taken from thee יהילֿך כן let it be to thee so (that is, as thou desirest), 2Kgs 7:20, with עשׂה (especially וַיַּעַשׂ, וַיַּעֲשׂוּ) Gen 29:28; Gen 42:20; Gen 45:21 + often, Judg 7:16 וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּמִמֶּנִּי תִּרְאוּ, + ׳ל Gen 42:25 ויעשׂ להם כן, Exod 22:29; Exod 23:11 ׳כן תעשׂה ל, Deut 22:3; 2Sam 12:31; 1Kgs 11:8 (compare 1Kgs 6:33; 1Kgs 7:18); Gen 29:26 לא יֵעָשֶׂה כן במקומנו, Gen 34:7; 2Sam 13:12 rarer usages, דִּבֶּר כֵּן Exod 6:9, אמר כן 1Kgs 22:8, כֵּן אמרתם Ezek 11:5; Ezek 33:10, ׳אָמֵן כֵּן יאֹמַר י 1Kgs 1:36 (compare Jer 28:6), וגם שׁאול אבי יֹדֵעַ כֵּן 1Sam 23:17 אָהֵב כֵּן (idiomatic) to love (it) so, Jer 5:31; Amos 4:5
   (b) Gen 50:3 ימלאו ימי החנֻטים כי כן (compare Judg 14:10; 2Sam 13:18; Esth 2:12);
   (c) alone, אִם כֵּן if it be so Gen 25:22; Gen 43:11 כִּיכֵֿןוַיִּרְאוּ 1Sam 5:7, יָדַעְתִּי כִּיכֵֿן Job 9:2
   (d) לא כן not so (namely as has been described or implied), with a substantive Num 12:7 לא כן עבדי משׁה, 2Sam 20:21; 2Sam 23:5; Ps 1:4; Job 9:35b כילֿאכֿן אנכי עמדי not so am I with myself (i.e. I am not conscious of being one who would fear him, va), with a verb Deut 18:14 ואתה ׳לא כן נתן לך י (not so, — namely as implied in va), 2Sam 18:14; Isa 10:7 לא כן יְדַמֶּה, לא כן יחשׁב, absolute Gen 48:18 לא כן אבי, Exod 10:11.

2. Often, to emphasize the agreement, in answer to כְּ, and כַּאֲשֶׁר: namely
  a. כְּ ֗֗֗ כֵּן,
   (a) Gen 44:10 = Josh 2:21 כדבריכם כֶּןהֿוּא according to your words, so be it, 1Sam 25:25 כי כשׁמו כֶּןהֿוּא, Ps 48:11; Prov 23:7 כֶּןהֿוּא (after conjunction כְּמוֺ), Ezek 42:11 כְּאָרְכָּן כֵּן רָחְבָּן;
   (b) Lev 27:12 כְּעֶרְכְּךָ כֵּן יִהְיֶה, 2Sam 13:35; Num 8:4; Num 9:14; Num 15:20; Deut 8:20; Judg 11:10, so after כְּפִי Num 6:21
   (c) כְּכֹל ֗֗֗ כֵּן ֗֗֗ 1Sam 8:8; 2Sam 7:17; Jer 42:5
   (d) in similes,
   (a) 2Sam 14:17 כן ׳אדני המלךכמלאך הא, Jer 18:6; Ps 123:2; Ps 127:4; Prov 10:26; Prov 26:8; Prov 26:19; Prov 27:8; Prov 27:19; Song 2:2; Song 2:3 (β) Joel 2:4 כְּפָרָשִׁים כֵּן יְרוּצוּן, Isa 31:5; Isa 38:14; Ps 103:15; Prov 26:1; Prov 26:2 (γ) Ps 42:2 כאיל תערג ֗֗֗ כן׳נפשׁי וג like the hind which etc., Ps 83:16; Isa 61:11; Isa 63:14; Job 7:3, so after כמו Isa 26:17 (δ) Jer 2:26 גַּנָּב ֗֗֗ כֵּן הוֺבִישׁוּכְּבשֶׁת, Jer 6:7; Jer 34:5 (read כְּמשׂרפות), Ezek 22:22 (compare vEzek 22:20), Ezek 23:44; Ezek 34:12 compare (of degree) Ezek 35:15 (omitted by ᵐ5 Co), Hos 4:7 כְּרֻבָּם כֵּן חָָֽטְאוּ לִי. Of time (un-common) 1Sam 9:13 כְּבֹאֲכֶם הָעִיר כֵּן תִּמְצְאוּן אֹתוֺ.
  b. Ezra 10:12 כן כדבריך עלינו לעשׂות.
  c. ֗֗֗ כֵּן ֗֗֗ כַּאֲשֶׁר,
   (a) Exod 7:6 כן עשׂו ׳כאשׁר צוה י, Exod 12:28; Exod 12:50; Exod 39:43 (compare Exod 27:8), Num 8:22 (compare Num 5:4), Num 17:26; Num 36:10; Josh 14:5 (all P); Gen 41:13 כאשׁר פתר כן היה, Josh 10:1; Josh 10:39; Josh 11:15; Judg 1:7; Judg 15:11b Ps 48:9
   (b) (frequently) Num 2:17 כֵּן יִסָּ֑עוּכאשׁר יַחֲנוּ, Exod 1:12 (of degree = the more . . . the more) כַּאֲשֶׁר יְעַנּוּ אֹתוֺ כֵּן יִרְבֶּה וְכֵן יִפְרֹץ;
   (c) Gen 6:22 אשׁר צוה אתו אלהים כן עשׂהככל, Exod 39:32; Exod 39:42; Exod 40:16; Num 1:54; Num 2:34; Num 8:20; Num 9:5 (all P), compare Exod 25:9 (וְכֵן), simil. 2Sam 9:11; 2Kgs 16:11, compare Josh 1:17; Jer 42:20
   (d) Exod 27:8 הֶרְאָה אתך כן יעשׂוכאשׁר, 2Sam 16:19; 1Kgs 2:38; Isa 20:4; Isa 52:14f.; with the same verb repeated Lev 24:19; Lev 24:20; Deut 28:63 כאשׁר שׂשׂ ֗֗֗ כן ישׂישׂ, Josh 23:15; 1Sam 15:33; 1Sam 26:24; 1Kgs 1:37; Isa 10:11; Jer 5:19; Jer 31:28; Jer 32:42; Jer 42:18; Ezek 12:11; Ezek 20:36; Zech 7:13; Prov 24:29; Num 14:28 אעשׂהאם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן, Isa 14:24, so after הלא Isa 10:11, after asseverative כי 2Sam 3:9; 1Kgs 1:30 so ֗֗֗ כֵּן ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּת שֶׁ Eccl 5:15
   (e) Judg 7:17b כאשׁר אעשׂה כן תעשׂון, Lev 27:14; Num 15:14, compare Jer 39:12
   (f) in similes, Deut 12:22; Deut 22:26; Amos 3:12; Isa 65:8; Jer 13:11.
  d. כן כאשׁר ֗֗֗ ,
   (a) Exod 7:10 ׳ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צוה י, vExod 7:20; Josh 4:8; 2Sam 5:25; Ezek 12:7, compare Gen 50:12; Num 8:3 iron. Amos 5:14 אתּכם כאשׁר ׳אמרתם יהי כן י, Exod 10:10
   (b) Gen 18:5 כן תעשׂה כאשׁר דברת, Neh 5:12. — Occasionally in poetry כאשׁר is not expressed : Isa 54:9 (De), Isa 55:9; Jer 3:20; Job 7:9; Hos 11:2 קראו להם כן הלכו מפניהם (of degree: so = in the same proportion), Ps 48:6 המה ראו כן תמהו (i.e. in the same measure that they saw); Jer 33:22 (according to many, but dubious; read probably כאשׁר Gie) it is represented by אשׁר (so Isa 54:9 Hi Ew Di): Judg 5:15 כ is not expressed. — Nah 1:12 is probably corrupt; Zech 11:11 for כן עניי read כְּנַעֲנֵי. — כֹּה, כָּכָה, כָּזֹאת are synonyms, but differ considerably in usage.

3. With prepositions: —
  a. אַחַרכֵּֿן, אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן, מֵאַחֲרֵיכֵֿן, literally after so, i.e. afterwards: see אַחַר.
  b. בְּכֵן (late), literally in such circumstances, i.e. thereupon, then, Eccl 8:10; Esth 4:16 (ᵑ7 בְּכֵין often for אָז; e.g. Exod 15:1 SyrJerusalem = τότε).
  c. כֵּןכְּמוֺֿ Isa 51:6, according to some, like so, i.e. (Vrss Rabb) in like manner, or (De) like this (accompanied by a contemptuous gesture) = like a mere nothing: but see IV. כֵּן.
  d. לָכֵן200 according to such conditions, that being so, therefore Num 16:11; 1Sam 27:6; Ps 16:9; Ps 73:6; Ps 73:10 especially in prophets, where it often introduces, after statement of the grounds, a divine declaration or command: Judg 10:13; 2Kgs 1:6; Amos 4:12; Isa 5:13; Isa 5:14; Isa 5:24; Isa 7:14; Isa 10:16; Isa 16:7; Isa 27:9; Jer 6:15; Jer 8:10 etc.; ׳לכן כה אמר י 2Kgs 21:12; Isa 10:24; Isa 28:16; Isa 29:22; Isa 30:12; Isa 37:33; Jer 5:14; Jer 6:21 + often; followed by נאם האדון Isa 1:24 ׳נאם י 1Sam 2:30; Jer 2:9 ׳לכן הנה ימים באים נאם י Jer 7:32; Jer 16:14; Jer 19:6 +; ׳לכן חי אני נאם י Ezek 5:11; Ezek 35:6; Ezek 35:11; Zeph 2:9 הנני ֗֗֗ לכן 1Kgs 14:10; Hos 2:8; Hos 2:16; Isa 29:14; Jer 16:21; Ezek 16:37; Ezek 22:19 b Ezek 25:4; Ezek 25:7; Ezek 25:9 +; לכן אֱמֹר Exod 6:6; Num 25:12 (both P), Ezek 11:16; Ezek 11:17; Ezek 14:6; Ezek 20:30; Ezek 33:25; Ezek 36:22 לָכֵן דַּבֵּר Ezek 14:4; Ezek 20:27 לָכֵן הִנָּכֵא Ezek 11:4; Ezek 36:3; Ezek 36:6; Ezek 37:12; Ezek 38:14 . . . . לָכֵן שִׁמְעוּ Isa 28:14; Isa 51:21; Jer 6:18; Jer 44:26 +. In answer to יען, Num 20:12 (P), 1Kgs 14:10; 2Kgs 1:16; 2Kgs 21:12; 2Kgs 22:20; Isa 29:14; Isa 30:13; Jer 19:6 +, Ezek 5:8; Ezek 13:23 +; so, once, וְלָכֵן Isa 8:7 to כי Isa 28:16; Jer 35:17 על Jer 9:14 אם Jer 23:38; Jer 42:15. Special usages: —
   (a) idiomatic, in conversation, in reply to an objection, to state the ground upon which the answer is made; Gen 4:15 therefore — this being so — whoso killeth Cain, etc., Gen 30:15; Judg 8:7; Judg 11:8; 1Sam 28:2; 1Kgs 22:19; Job 20:2 (ᵐ5 in Genesis Kings Job, not perceiving the idiom, renders οὐχοὕτως (as though לאכֿן): so also strangely, elsewhere, as 1Sam 3:14; 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 21:12).
   (b) inferring the cause from the effect, or developing what is logically involved in a statement, Isa 26:14b (compare De) therefore thou hast visited and destroyed them (not a consequence of va 'the dead rise not,' but the development of what is implicit in it), Isa 61:7; Jer 2:33; Jer 5:2 (because namely אין אמונה vJer 5:1), Job 34:25; Job 42:3. — Zech 11:7 read לִכְנַעֲנֵי הַצּאֹן.
  e. עַדכֵּֿן hitherto (of time), as yet Neh 2:16. feminine עַלכֵּֿן145 upon ground of such conditions, therefore (introducing, more generally than לָכֵן, the statement of a fact, rather than a declaration: never used in the phrases noted under לָכֵן), Gen 20:6; Gen 42:21; Exod 5:8; Exod 5:17; Exod 16:29; Exod 20:11; 1Sam 20:29; 1Sam 28:18; 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:27; 1Kgs 20:23; Isa 5:25; Isa 9:16; Isa 13:7; Isa 13:13; Isa 15:4; Isa 15:7; Isa 16:9; Isa 16:11; Isa 17:10; Isa 21:3; Isa 10:21; Isa 12:8; Isa 20:11; Isa 31:3; Isa 31:20; Isa 22:4; Isa 31:5 etc., Ps 1:5; Ps 42:7; Ps 45:3 c (the poet's inference from va. b), vPs 1:8; Ps 110:7; Job 6:3; Job 9:22; Job 17:4; Job 20:21 etc., Song 1:3 and regularly where the origin of a name, or custom, or proverb is assigned, Gen 2:24 ׳עלכֿן יעזב אישׁ וג, Gen 10:9 יֵאָמַ֔רעלכֿן, Gen 11:9 עלכֿן קרא שׁמה בבל, Gen 16:14; Gen 19:22; Gen 21:31; Gen 25:30; Gen 26:33; Gen 29:34; Gen 29:35; Gen 30:6; Gen 32:33; Gen 47:22; Exod 13:15; Exod 15:23; Num 18:24; Num 21:14; Num 21:27; Deut 10:9 (compare Deut 15:11; Deut 15:15; Deut 19:7; Deut 24:18; Deut 24:22), Josh 7:26; Josh 14:14; Judg 15:19; Judg 18:12; 1Sam 5:5; 1Sam 10:12; 1Sam 23:28 (? read so 1Sam 27:6) 2Sam 5:8; 2Sam 5:20 etc.; הַעַלכֵּֿן Hab 1:17. — Esth 9:26 the 2nd על כן (unless dittograph) points unusually onwards to האגרתעל כל דברי on this account, on account, namely, etc.

BDB4077 H3651 H3653 H3654

BDB4076 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4078

II. כֵּן see כון; III. כֵּן see I. כנן; IV. כֵּן see II. כנן. p. 467, below

BDB9613 H3651 H3652

BDB9612 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9614

adverb thus, as follows (Biblical Hebrew כֵּן; ᵑ7 כֵּן, Syriac ); — usually with אֲמַר (אָמַ, etc.; compare Egyptian Aramaic CISii. 149 A 1, B-C 3 RÉS492 B 5), Dan 2:24 וְכֵן אֲמַרלֵֿהּ, vDan 2:25; Dan 4:11; Dan 6:7; Dan 7:5; Dan 7:23; Ezra 5:3; Ezra 6:2 וְכֵןכְּֿ תִיב בְּגַוַּהּ.

so, therefore, wherefore, thus, that, …
kēn
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner, time and relation; often with other particles)
  • (adv) so, therefore, thus
    • thus, so
      • "just so"therefore"so...as (paired with adv)"then"forasmuch as (in phrase)"(with prep)
      • therefore, this being so (specifically)
        • "hitherto"therefore, on this ground (generally)"afterwards"in such case
    (adj) right, just, honest, true, veritable
    • right, just, honest
      • "correct"true, veritable"true!, right!, correct! (in assent)

הָיִ֖ינוּ
הָיִ֖ינוּ
Root word be, pass, was, were, came, …
Dictionary form: הָיָה · haw-YAW

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), first person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "we"

In the KJV here: we were
and it came to pass ×336 shall be ×333 was ×233 be ×174 came ×133 were ×117 and it shall come to pass ×97 and it shall be ×92
More options
be — Default copula; suits timeless or stative contexts.
become — Prefer when a change of state or transformation is implied.
happen — Fits narrative events; modernizes 'come to pass'.
occur — Formal register; good for reported events or incidents.
exist — Emphasizes being or presence rather than action.
take place — Idiomatic for scheduled or unfolding events.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

BDB2099 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2101

יהוהc. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺהC518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philode Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö§ 88). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see LagSym i.14 BaudStudien i.179 ff.; DrStud.Bib.i.1 ff. For Jeve see StaZAW 1881, 346 Deib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.
2. on literature of interpretations see NesEg.67 Drl.c. — Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, NesEg.88 (but NesEg.91 inclines to Qal as RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RSOTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245, compare WeSkizzen iii.175; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, StaG.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ewinfr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Drl.c.17)).
**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by BauRel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230); DlPa 162 ff. claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kuenational Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.) JastrJBL xiil {1894}, 103 f. compare HptBAS i. 170 N; DlBabel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f. makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially HirschZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff. ZimKATS. 465 ff.; SpiegelbZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff. proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in KöEB NAMES, § 112 and n.3. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to SchwThLZ, 1905, col. 612.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare EwBTh ii. 337, 338 RSl.c., Proph. 385 ff. Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc LagPsalt.Hieron.156); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich WeJD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI18. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b DlPa 158 ff. DrStud. Bib. i. 7 ff.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
  a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D2); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
  b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D2 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
  c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D2 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
  d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
  e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
  g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
  h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by RP as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.
2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
  a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
  b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
  c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
  d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.
3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — BonkZAW 1891, 126 ff. seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2145 H1961

BDB2144 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2146

הָיָה3570 verb fall out, come to pass, become, be (SI1; SI6 היה, ib3 הית; parallel form of הוה, Arabic , Aramaic הֲוָא, ; see הָוָה above) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular הָיָה Gen 3:1 +; וְהָיָה consecutive Gen 4:14 +; 3 feminine singular הָֽיְתָה Gen 1:2 +; הָיָ֑תָה Isa 14:24 + 3 t.; וְהָֽיְתָה consecutive Gen 9:13 +; והית2Kgs 9:37 Kt (Qr וְהָֽיְתָה); 2 masculine singular הָיִיתָ Deut 5:15 +; 1 singular הָיִיתִיGen 31:40 3 plural הָיוּ Gen 6:4 +; 2 masculine plural הֱיִיתֶ ם Exod 22:20 +; וִהְיִיתֶם consecutive Gen 3:5 +; 1 plural הָיִינוּIsa 1:9 +; etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִהְיֶה Gen 1:29 +; jussive יְהִיGen 1:3 +; יֶהִ֑י Ezek 16:15 וִיהִיGen 1:6 +; וַיְהִי Gen 1:3 +; וַיֶּ֑הִי Ps 33:9; Ezek 16:19 3 feminine singular תִּהְיֶה Gen 21:30 +; 1 singular אֶהְיֶה Exod 3:12 +; וָאֶהְיֶה2Sam 7:6 + 9 t.; וָאֱהִי Judg 18:4 + 12 t.; 3 masculine plural יִהְיוּ Gen 6:19 +; 3 feminine plural תִּהְיֶינָהIsa 16:2 + 19 t.; תִּהְיֶין֣Gen 41:36 + 11 t.; וְתִהְיֶנָה Jer 18:21; Jer 48:6 וַתִּהְיֶינָה 2Sam 20:3 + 6 t.; וַתִּהְיֶיןָGen 26:35; 1Sam 25:43 וַתִּהְיֶנָה 1Chr 7:15 2 masculine plural תִהְיוּ Gen 34:15 +; תִהְיוּן Exod 22:20 1 plural נִהְיֶה Gen 38:23 +; וַנִּהְיֶה2Sam 11:23; Jer 44:17 וַנְּהִי Num 13:33; Isa 64:5, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הֱיֵה Exod 18:19 +; feminine singular הֲיִיGen 24:60 masculine plural הֱיוּExod 19:15; Num 16:16, וִהְיוּ 1Sam 4:9 + 6 t.; Infinitive absolute הָיוֺ Gen 18:18 + 3 t.; הָיֹה 1Kgs 13:32; Ezek 1:3 construct הֱיוֺת Gen 2:18 +, so read probably also for הֱיֵה Ezek 21:15 compare Sm Köi. p. 600 f. (Co em. היהלֿה to הָהֵל shine, glitter); with prefix בִּהְיוֺת Exod 5:13 +, בִּהְיֹת Exod 19:16 +; לִהְיוֺת Gen 10:8 +, לִהְיֹת Exod 23:1 +; suffix הֱיוֺתִי Jonah 4:2 הֱיוֺתְךָ Judg 18:19 (twice in verse); לִהְיֹתְךָ Deut 26:10, etc.; Participle feminine הוֺיָה Exod 9:3.

I. 1. a. Fall out, happen מֶההָֿיָה הַדָּבָר 1Sam 4:16 how has the matter fallen out, (gone, turned out) ? so 2Sam 1:4 מֶההָֿיָה לוֺ Exod 32:1; Exod 32:23 (both J E) what has happened to him? compare 1Sam 10:12 מִקְרֶה הוּא הָיָה לָנוּ 1Sam 6:9 a chance it is that has befallen us; also וַיְהִילֿוֺ כֵּן 2Kgs 7:20 and so it happened to him, compare וַיְהִיכֵֿן below
  b. occur, take place, come about, come to pass: — גְדוֺלָה הָֽיְתָה בָּעָם מַגֵּפָה 1Sam 4:17 a great slaughter has taken place among the people, compare 2Sam 17:9 וַתְּהִי הַמִּלְחָמָה בְּיַעַר אֶפְרַיִם 2Sam 18:6 and the battle took place in the wood of Ephraim (on אפרים compare Klo Dr); Josh 22:17 (P; of plague); תְּהִי נָא אָלָה Gen 26:28 (J) let an oath take place (be taken) so Judg 21:5 compare 2Kgs 17:7 (si vera lectio), Ezek 16:34 especially late, 2Chr 29:36; 2Chr 32:31; Eccl 1:9; Eccl 1:10; Eccl 3:22; Eccl 8:7; Eccl 10:14 etc.; often of fulfilment of prediction, command, expectation, etc.: — כֵּן הָיָה Gen 41:3 (E) so it came to pass, 2Sam 13:25, וַיְהִיכֵֿן Judg 6:38; 2Kgs 15:12; Isa 29:5, & especially וַיְהִיכֵֿן Gen 1:7; Gen 1:9; Gen 1:11; Gen 1:15; Gen 1:24; Gen 1:30 (all P) +; יְהִי כִדְבָרֶ֑ךָ Gen 30:34 let it be as thou sayest, Zech 6:15, see also לֹא תָקוּם וְלֹא יִהְיֶה Isa 7:7 it shall not arise (be realized) & shall not come about, Isa 14:34 (so often בּוֺא q. v. 2 c, p. 98 above)
2. especially & very often, come about, come to pass followed by substantive (subject) clause almost always + modifying (usually temporal) clause or phrase:
  a. ( I) וַיְהִי and it came to pass that, most often (c. 292 t.) followed by
   (a) Imperfect consecutive: a. with Infinitive with כְּ temporal Gen 12:14; Gen 19:17 (both J) + 75 t. + Esth 3:4 Qr (Hexateuch chiefly J, — so always Genesis, — & J E; P only Exod 16:10, D only Deut 5:20; Deut 31:24; Josh 5:1; Josh 9:1 27 t. in Kings), — somewhat different is 2Kgs 7:18 β. with Infinitive with בְּ Gen 4:8; Gen 11:2 (both J) + 29 t. + Esth 3:4 Kt (in Hexateuch 10 t. J E; 3 t. P, Gen 19:29; Exod 34:29; Num 17:7 not in D); γ. with בְּ followed by temporal noun (יוֺם, בֹּקֶר, etc.) Gen 21:22 (E) Gen 26:32 (J) + 45 t. (Hes 14 t. J E; 3 t. P, Exod 6:28; Exod 16:13; Num 7:1 not D); δ. לְ temporal 1Sam 1:20; 2Sam 13:23; 1Kgs 20:26; 1Chr 20:1 ε. כְּ temporal Gen 39:11; 1Sam 25:38 ζ. מִן temporal namely: מֵאָז Gen 39:5, מִיּוֺם 1Sam 7:2 compare 1Sam 30:25, מִיָּמִים Judg 11:4; Judg 15:1, מִקֵּץ Gen 4:3; Gen 8:6 + 6 t., מִקְצֵה Josh 3:2; 2Kgs 8:3; Ezek 3:16, especially מִמָּחֳרָת Gen 19:34; Exod 18:13 + 11 t.; η. כַּאֲשֶׁר temporal Gen 12:11 (J) Gen 20:13 (E) + 31 t. (Hexateuch 13 t. J E, Deut 2:16, not P), characteristic of Nehemiah's memoris, Neh 3:33; Neh 4:1; Neh 4:6; Neh 4:9; Neh 6:1; Neh 6:16; Neh 7:1; Neh 13:19 θ. with כִּי temporal Gen 6:1 (J) Exod 3:21 (E) + 14 t. + Judg 16:25 Kt; ι. אַחֲרֵי temporal Gen 22:20 (J) + 13 t., אַחַר Gen 39:7; Job 42:7, אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן Judg 16:14 + 6 t.; κ. followed by עַד temporal 1Sam 14:19 (on which compare Dr); compare עַדכֹּֿה וְעַדכֹּֿה 1Kgs 18:45 λ. with combinations; as בְּ with temporal noun + בְּ Infinitive Gen 34:25; Exod 19:16; 1Sam 25:37 בְּ Infinitive + כְּ Infinitive Josh 3:14 double preposition כְּמִשְּׁלשׁ חֳדָשִׁים Gen 38:24 מִקְצֵה + אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר Josh 9:16 מִיָּמִים + id. Josh 23:1 μ. other unusual constructions under this head are: those where temporal idea is expressed by a circumstantial clause Isa 22:7; 1Kgs 13:20; 2Kgs 8:21 (Dr§ 165, & Οβς.) = 2Chr 21:9 those with indefinite כֹּל 1Sam 10:11; 2Sam 2:23; 2Sam 15:2, or with participle = rel. clause 1Sam 11:1 (on all see Dr§ 78 n. & Sm); quite unique is 1Kgs 16:31, with הֲנָקֵל ׳לָכְתּוֺ וגוin place of temporal clause
   (b) וַיְהִי sometimes followed by simple Perfect, with a negative Gen 39:10 (with כְּ Infinitive), Exod 13:17 (with בְּ Infinitive) 2Kgs 12:7; 2Kgs 17:25 (both with בְּ temporal); & without negative, Gen 8:13 (P) Gen 14:1 +, usually with בְּ temporal (38 t.), Hexateuch chiefly P; rarely with other preposition & adverb as above; note especially מִדֵּי followed by Infinitive 1Sam 18:30; 2Chr 12:11 sometimes the subject of following Perfect precedes it with וְ, as Gen 22:1; Gen 41:1; 1Sam 18:19; 1Sam 30:1; 2Kgs 2:9; 2Kgs 4:40 +; note especially 2Sam 17:27 where several subject & also several objects precede the Perfect (compare Dr); in these cases temporal modifier is occasionally a circumstantial clause 2Sam 13:30; 1Kgs 8:10; 2Kgs 19:37 = Isa 37:38 rarely subject precedes Perfect without וְ 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 21:1, compare subject preceding Participle without וְ Neh 4:10 in 2Chr 8:1 the object (with וְ) precedes what is apparently the principal verb
   (c) וַיְהִי followed by וְהִנֵּה Gen 24:15 (J; טֶרֶם in temporal clause), Gen 29:25 (E), Gen 38:27 (J, both בְּ temporal) vGen 38:29 (כְּ Participle), 1Sam 13:10 (כְּ Infinitive); also 2Sam 1:2; 2Sam 13:36; 2Sam 15:32 (circumstantial clause) 2Kgs 2:11 (id.), 2Kgs 3:20; 2Kgs 13:21 (circumstantial clause).
   (d) rarely וַיְהִי (in this sense) followed by other constructions: אָז יִתֵּן 1Kgs 9:10 (with מִקְצֵה); Imperfect frequentative 1Kgs 14:28 (with מִדֵּיבּֿאֹ), 2Kgs 4:8 (with מִדֵּי עָבְרוֺ) Jer 36:23 (with כְּ Infinitive); Perfect consecutive frequentative 2Chr 24:11 (with בְּ temporal). (2) rarely also Perfect with וְ conjunctive וְהָיָה (compare Dr§ 183) followed by Imperfect consecutive as subject clause: 1Sam 1:12 (c. several circumstantial clause), 1Sam 10:9 (with כְּ Infinitive) 2Kgs 3:15 (id.), 1Sam 17:48 (with כִּי), Jer 37:11 (with בְּ Infinitive), Amos 7:2 (with אִם temporal); also Jer 3:9 (apparently with מִן causative, but obscure); 1Sam 13:22 (with בְּ temporal) is followed by וְלֹא & Perfect as well as Imperfect consecutive
  b. less often וְהָיָה Perfect consecutive and it shall come to pass, or frequentative,came to pass (repeatedly, etc.) usually
   (a) followed by simple Imperfect (c. 100 t.): a. with בְּ temporal Deut 21:16; Deut 25:19 + 37 t., (especially בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא Hos 2:18; Hos 2:33; Isa 7:18; Isa 7:21; Isa 7:23 + 21 t.); β. with בְּ local Ezek 47:23; Zech 13:8 compare also Hos 2:1 (בִּמְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר, but perhaps = instead of, compare VB); γ. with indefinite rel. clause, or its equivalents (כֹּל indefinite, etc.), compare Dr§ 121, Obs. 1: Gen 4:14; Num 17:20; Deut 12:11; Deut 18:19; Josh 7:14; Josh 7:15; Judg 7:4; 1Sam 2:36; 1Sam 17:25; 2Sam 15:35; 1Kgs 19:17; 1Kgs 20:6; Isa 4:3; Isa 24:18; Nah 3:7; Jer 27:8; Jer 42:4; Ezek 47:9; Zech 14:17; Joel 3:5 δ. with כַּאֲשֶׁר Num 33:56; Deut 28:63; Josh 23:15; Judg 7:17; Isa 29:8; Jer 31:28; Zech 8:13 ε. less often with other modifying phrase: כְּ Infinitive Exod 33:8; Exod 33:9 (both frequentative), Josh 3:13; Josh 8:8; Jer 25:12; Jer 51:63 בְּ Infinitive Gen 9:14 (P) 2Kgs 4:10; Ezek 44:17 אִם of condition Deut 20:11 (+ vDeut 20:11 Dr§ 118 n.), also Josh 22:18, where the arrangement is peculiar, & the condition is expressed without אִם (compare Dr§ 155); לְ temporal Deut 23:12 מִקֵּץ Isa 23:17 טֶרֶם Isa 65:24 מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֺ Isa 66:23, etc.
   (b) וְהָיָה followed by Perfect consecutive (c. 85 t.): α. most often + clause with כִּי temporal Gen 12:12; Gen 46:33 (both J) Exod 1:10 (E) Deut 11:29; Isa 8:21 + 25 t.; β. with אִם Exod 4:8; Exod 4:9; Num 15:24; Deut 11:13 + 14 t.; also Gen 38:9; Num 21:9 (both frequentative); γ. with בְּ temporal Gen 30:41 (frequentative) Gen 47:24 (but compare Ol Di) Exod 16:5 + 11 t.; δ. with indefinite rel. clause or equivalent (Dr§ 121 Obs. 1): Gen 24:14; Num 10:32 (Dr§ 118 n.) Num 21:18; Deut 21:3; Judg 11:31; Judg 19:30; Zech 14:16 ε. occasionally with other modifying phrase: כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:40 +; כְּ Infinitive Gen 44:31 +; בְּ Infinitive Exod 33:22 +; מִקֵּץ 2Sam 14:26 עֵקֶב causative Deut 7:12 also
   (c) followed by וְלֹא + simple Imperfect Exod 3:21 (with כִּי temporal).
   (d) וְהָיָה followed by Imperative (very rare) Deut 6:10 (with כִּי temporal), 1Sam 10:7 (with כִּי), compare 1Sam 29:10, compare Perfect consecutive in command 1Sam 3:9 (with אִם).
   (e) וְהָיָה followed by simple Perfect (also very rare) Deut 8:19 (with אִם).
   (f) וְהָיָה followed by clause without verb: Gen 24:43; Josh 2:19; 1Kgs 18:24 (all with indefinite rel. modifier, or equivalents, see
   (a) γ,
   (b) δ, above).
   (g) וְהָיָה (ו conjunctive) followed by Imperfect consecutive see
  a.
   (e) above

II. Come into being, become: —

1. a. absolute, in lively narrative, arise, appear, come וַתְּהִי צְעָקָה גְדֹלָהExod 12:80 (J) and there arose a great cry in Egypt; וַיְהִיקֿוֺל Ezek 1:25 (strike out Co compare Da), Ezek 37:7 (strike out קוֺל ᵐ5 Co); כִּי הָֽיְתָה הָֽרְוָחָה Exod 8:11 (J) Pharaoh saw that respite had come; Mic 7:4 now shall come their confusion (|| בוא); also of concrete objects וְהָֽיְתָה הַקֶּשֶׁת בֶּעָנָן Gen 9:16 (P) and the bow shall appear in the clouds (|| וְנִרְאֲתָה) וְרִמָּה לֹא הָֽיְתָה בּוֺ Exod 16:24 (P) and worms did not appear in it; of condition or action begun & continuing, as: famine Gen 12:10; Gen 26:1 (twice in verse) (all J), Gen 41:54 (E), Ruth 1:1; 2Sam 21:1; 2Kgs 6:25 strife Gen 13:7; Gen 13:8 (J), Hab 1:3 (|| מָדוֺן יִשָּׂא); often of action of the elements, as the coming of hail Exod 9:18; Exod 9:24; Exod 9:26 (all J), thunder & lighting, etc., Exod 19:16 (E), rain 1Kgs 18:45, storm Jonah 1:4 especially of creative fiats יְהִי אוֺר וַיְהִי אוֺר Gen 1:3 let light appear, and light appeared, compare vGen 1:5 vGen 1:8 vGen 1:13 vGen 1:19 vGen 1:23 vGen 1:31 (all P); also arise, come on the stage or scene, וְאַחֲרָיו הָיָה שַׁמְגַּר Judg 3:31 and after him arose Shamgar (= וַיָּקָם Judg 10:1); further וַעֲלָטָה הָיָה Gen 15:17 (JE) and darkness came on; הַבֹּקֶר הָיָה Exod 10:13 (J) the morning came, Exod 19:16 (E); וַיְהִי הַיּוֺם 1Sam 1:4 and the day came, when (see Dr), 1Sam 14:1; 2Kgs 4:8; 2Kgs 4:11; 2Kgs 4:18; Job 1:6; Job 1:18; Job 2:1.
  b. followed by preposition: בְּ, וְיָדֵנוּ אַלתְּֿהִיבֿוֺ Gen 37:27 (J) but our hand, let it not come upon him, of hand of ׳יּ 1Sam 5:9; 1Sam 7:13; 1Sam 12:15 + (all in hostile sense); בְּכָלשֲֶֿֿׁר יֶשׁלֿוֺ ׳וַיְהִי בִּרְכַּת י Gen 39:5 (J) and the blessing of ׳י came into (on) all that he had; but also of plague Exod 12:13 (P); followed by עַל, וּמֵי הַמַּבּוּל הָיוּ עַלהָֿאָרֶץ Gen 7:10 (J) that the waters of the flood came upon the earth; עָלַי הָיוּ כֻלָּ֑נָה Gen 42:36 (E) Gen 9:2 (P) fear shall come upon, compare Gen 35:25 (P) 2Chr 14:13; 2Chr 17:19; 2Chr 20:29 +; of wrath Josh 22:20; 1Kgs 3:27 so of Saul's evil spirit from God 1Sam 16:16; 1Sam 16:23; 1Sam 19:9 (אֶל); but followed by עַל also in good sense ׳וַתְּהִי עָלָיו רוּחַ י conferring strength & efficiency Judg 3:10; Judg 11:29 (היה = צלח Judg 14:6 + often), compare Num 24:2 (JE) of prophetic power; (on ׳וַתְּהִי לָיו יַד י 2Kgs 3:15; Ezek 3:22 and the like, see יָד); יַד אֱלֹהֵינוּ הָֽיְתָה עָלֵינוּ Ezra 8:31, so Ps 80:18 even וַתְּהִי עַלרֿאֹשׁ דָּוִד 2Sam 12:30 and it (the crown, עֲטֶרֶת) came (i.e. was put, set) on David's head; with a different meaning וַנִּהְיֶה עֲלֵיהֶם עַדפֶּֿתַח הַשָּׁ֑עַר 2Sam 11:23 and we were close upon them even to the gateway (compare We Dr); come, go, follow (followed by אַחֲרֵי) i.e. take the side of, adhere to, Exod 23:2 (JE) 1Sam 12:14; 2Sam 2:10; 1Kgs 12:20; 1Kgs 16:21 followed by לְ of blessings Gen 49:26 (poem); of judgement, punishment Jer 40:3 especially ויהי דבר֗֗֗ אֶל and the word of ... came unto: word of Samuel 1Sam 4:1 usually word of God (or ׳י) Gen 15:1; 1Sam 15:10 +; constantly in prophets: Hos 1:1; Mic 1:1 etc.; especially Jeremiah & Ezekiel: Jer 1:4; Jer 1:11; Jer 1:13; Jer 2:1; Jer 13:8 +; Ezek 3:16; Ezek 6:1; Ezek 7:1; Ezek 11:14; Ezek 11:17; Ezek 11:21; Ezek 11:26; Ezek 12:1; Ezek 12:8 +; so also absolute הָיָה הַמַּשָּׂא הַזֶּה Isa 14:28 in the death-year of king Ahaz came this utterance; also followed by מִן; מַלְכֵי עַמִּים מִמֶּנָּה יִהְיוּ Gen 17:16 (P), וּקְהַל גּוֺיִם יִהְיֶה מִמֶּ֑ךָּ Gen 35:11 (P), וְהָיָה אַדִּירוֺ מִמֶּנּוּ Jer 30:21 (|| מִקִּרְבּוֺ יֵצֵא); הַכֹּל הָיָה מִןהֶֿעָפָר וְהַכֹּל שָׁב אֶל הֶעָפָר Eccl 3:20 all came from the dust, & all return unto the dust; וַיְהִי קֶצֶף גָּדוֺל מֵאֵת צְבָאוֺת ׳י Zech 7:12.
2. become :
  a. followed by predicate noun (to be viewed as implicit accusative Dr§ 161, 3 n., according to the Arabic usage WAG ii, § 41. 44. 74): הִוא הָֽיְתָה אֵם כָּלחָֿ֑י Gen 3:20 (J) it was she that became the mother of all living; וַיְהִי הֶבֶל רֹעֵה צאֹן וְקַיִן הָיָה עֹבֵד אֲדָמָהGen 4:2 (J) and Abel became a shepherd of flocks, while Cain became a tiller of ground; 2Sam 8:14; Mic 2:11 + often
  b. followed by predicate adjective Gen 38:7; Exod 36:13 +; compare Gen 37:20 let us see what his dream will become (turn out to be, signify);
  c. become like (כְּ), וִהְיִיתֶם כֵּאלֹהִים Gen 3:5 and ye shall become like gods compare vGen 3:22, Num 11:1 (JE), Hos 2:1; Hos 7:11; Isa 9:18; 1Kgs 7:8; Zech 9:7 +; compare Gen 15:5 so (כֹּה) shall thy seed become; specifically of likeness in punishment Isa 1:9; 1Sam 17:36 +; also with כְּ repeated וְהָיָה כָעָם כַּכֹּהֵן Hos 4:9 and the people shall become like the priest (literally, and the like of the people shall become the like of the priest), so especially Isa 24:2 (6 pairs of words as above); וְהָיָה כַצַּדִּיק כָּרָשָׁע Gen 18:25 (J), see כְּ. b + c Gen 27:32 his hands had become like the hands of Esau his brother, hairy.
  d. followed by predicate + לְ person וּתְהִי אִשָּׁה לְבֶןאֲֿדֹנֶיךָ Gen 24:51 (J) and let her become wife to the son of thy lord, 1Sam 16:21; 1Kgs 11:25; Ps 89:42; 1Chr 18:6 +; = be instituted, estanblished, וְהָיָה לָהֶםחָקעֿוֺלָם Exod 30:21 (P) and it shall be established for them as a perpetual ordinance (compare f below).
  e. followed by לְ predicate: וַיְהִי הָאָדָם לְנֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה Gen 2:7 (J) and the man became a living soul; וְהָיָה לְאַרְבָּעָה רָאשִׁיםGen 2:10 (J) and it became four heads; גַּםהֿוּא יִהְיֶהלְֿעָם Gen 48:19 (J) he too shall become a people; וִהְיוּ לַאֲנָשִׁים 1Sam 4:9 and become (shew yourselves to be) men (|| הִתְחַזְּקוּ; compare with double לְ, f below); Zeph 1:13; Ezek 17:6; Ezek 47:12; Job 16:8 עלמֶלֶךְ עַלכָּֿלהָֿאָרֶץ ׳וְהָיָה י Zech 14:9 וַיְהִי לְמַס עֹבֵד Gen 49:15; Josh 16:10 so often; also in sense of turn into, be changed so as to become, וַיְהִי לְנָחָשׁExod 4:3 and it became a serpent, vExod 4:4; Exod 7:10; Isa 1:22; Deut 26:5 +; figurative וַיְהִי לְמָ֑יִם Josh 7:5 and it (their heart) turned to water, so וְהוּא הָיָה לְאֶבֶן 1Sam 25:37 or, serve as וְהָיוּ לִמְאוֺרֹת Gen 1:15 (P) and they shall become (fulfil the function of, serve as) luminaries, compare vGen 1:14 וְהָיָה לְאוֺת בְּרִית Gen 9:13; Gen 17:11 (both P). feminine often with לְ predicate + לְ person: וַתְּהִי לָהֶם הַלְּבֵנָה לְאָ֑בֶןGen 11:3 (J) and the bricks became (served as) stone for them; וַתְּהִי לִי לְאִשָּׁה Gen 20:12 (E) compare Gen 24:67 (J) +, וַתִּהְיֶינָה מַחְלָה וְחָגְלָה ֗֗֗ לַבְנֵי דֹדֵיהֶן לְנָשִׁים Num 36:11 וְהָיָה לְךָ וְלָהֶם לְאָכְלָה Num 6:21 (P), Exod 2:10; Exod 15:2; Judg 8:27 לִי לֵאלֹהִים ׳וְהָיָה י Gen 28:21 (E); אֲנִי אֶהְיֶה לוֺ לְאָב וְהוּא יִהְיֶהלִֿי לְבֵן 1Chr 17:3 +; = shew or prove oneself as הֱיֵהלִֿי לְבֶןחַֿיִל 1Sam 18:17 shew thyself for me a valiant man (compare 1Sam 4:9 e above); = be instituted, established (compare e above) וְהָיָה לְאַהֲרֹן וּלְבָנָיו לְחָקעֿוֺלָם Exod 29:28 and it shall be instituted for Aaron and his sons as a perpetual ordinance; compare vExod 29:9; Lev 10:15 וְהָֽיְתָה לִהְיֹת לָהֶם מָשְׁחָתָם לִכְהֻנַּת עוֺלָם לְדֹרֹתָם Exod 40:15 (all P).
  g. with עַל and לְ 1Sam 22:2 וַיְהִי עֲלֵיהֶם לְשָׂר and he became over them prince.
  h. sometimes with לְ person only = become the property of, come into the possession of ׳וַיְהִילֿוֺ צאֹןוּֿבָקָר וְגו Gen 12:15 (J), and he came to have flocks and herds etc., Gen 26:14; Gen 30:43 לֹא לוֺ יִהְיֶה הַזָּ֑רַע Gen 38:9 not his should the seed become; ׳וְהָיָה לי Judg 11:31 it shall become Yah-weh's; Deut 10:9; Josh 13:29; 1Kgs 10:26; 1Kgs 11:3 + often; so of a woman, as wife תְּהִינָֿא לְךָ Judg 15:2 pray let her become thine, compare also וַתְּהִי אֵשֶׁת שִׁמְשׁוֺן לְמֵרֵעֵהוּ Judg 14:20, Hos 3:3; Ruth 1:13; Lev 21:3; Deut 24:2; Jer 3:1; Ezek 16:8 (and also + לְאִשָּׁה, לְנָשִׁים see f above)III. Be (often with subordinate idea of becoming); —
1. exist, be in existence (i.e. originally have come into existence), כָּלהַֿיּמִים אֲשֶׁר הָיָה 1Sam 1:28 all the days which he shall have been (lived, = חַי Gen 5:5 etc., DrSm), Job 3:16; Isa 23:13 often with בְּ local וְכֹל שִׂיחַ הַשָּׂדֶה טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה בָאָרֶץ Gen 2:5 (J) and there was not yet in the earth any shrub of the field; ׳וּבְאֵלֶּה לֹא הָיָה אִישׁ וגו Num 26:64 (P) and among them there was not a man to be found, etc.; also וְלֹא הָיָה כַּיּוֺם הַהוּא לְפָנָיו וְאַחֲרָיו Josh 10:14 (JE) & there hath not been a day like that before it nor since. compare 2Sam 14:25; 2Sam 1:5; 2Sam 21:25; 2Sam 23:25; +; somewhat weaker, in the frequently introductory clause וַיְהִי אִישׁ now there was a man Judg 13:2; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:1; Num 9:6 (P), Job 1:1 +; on אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה Exod 3:14 see יהוֺה.
2. abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time) וַיְהִי משֶׁה בָּהָר Exod 24:18 and Moses remainded in the mount forty days, etc., so Exod 34:28 (both J E), Judg 17:4; Judg 17:12; 1Sam 6:1; 1Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 11:3 = 2Chr 22:12 +; also Lev 22:27; Lev 25:28 (both H), etc.; followed by עַד temporal remain until Deut 22:2; 1Kgs 11:40; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Chr 5:9; 2Chr 26:21; Dan 1:21 etc.; compare הוּא יִהְיֶה לְעוֺלָם Eccl 3:14 so also of space followed by עַד extend unto, as far as, Josh 19:10: of net beneath altar, Exod 27:5 shall reach as far as (עַד) the middle of the altar.
3. with word of locality, be in or at a place, be situated stand, lie; בִּהְיוֺתָם בַּשָּׂדֶה Gen 4:8 (J) when they were in the field, הַמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁרהָֿיָה שָׁם אָהֳלֹה בַּתְּחִלָּה Gen 13:3 (J) the place where his tent had stood at first; וְהָאָרֶץ תִּהְיֶה לִפְנֵיכֶם Gen 34:10 and the land, it lieth before you; compare Josh 19:1; Judg 7:1; Judg 7:8; Mic 5:6; Mic 5:7 followed by עַל be, be found or situated upon Isa 30:25 and there shall be upon every high mountain etc., streams, water-courses; Ezek 37:27 and my dwelling-place shall be over them; figurative of guilt דָּמִים וְהָיָה עָלָיךָ Deut 19:10 and blood (-guilt) be upon thee.
4. as copula, joining subject & predicate: —
  a. followed by predicate adjective וַיִּהְיוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם עֲרוּמִּים Gen 2:25, וְהַנָּחָשׁ הָיָה עָרוּם Gen 3:1, בִּהְיוֺתָם כֹּאֲבִים Gen 34:25, וַיְהִי יוֺסֵף יְפֵהתֹֿאַר Gen 39:6; Deut 23:15; Josh 19:9; Judg 11:1; Job 1:1; Job 1:3b 2Chr 7:21.
  b. followed by predicate noun Gen 1:2; Gen 9:18; Gen 25:3; Gen 36:14; Gen 40:13; 1Sam 17:34; 1Sam 17:42; 2Sam 8:10; 2Sam 20:25; 1Kgs 10:6; 2Kgs 3:4; 2Kgs 5:1 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:20; 1Chr 11:20; 1Chr 18:10; 1Chr 26:10; 2Chr 13:7 כִּי לֹאהָֿיָה מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Chr 18:32 (|| 1Kgs 22:33 כִּילֹֿאמֶֿלֶךְ ישׂראל הוּא) +; often of age: וַיְהִי אַבְרָם בֶּןתִּֿשְׁעִים שָׁנָה וְתֵשַׁע שָׁנִים Gen 17:1 (P) 2Kgs 8:17; 2Kgs 14:2; 2Kgs 15:2; 2Kgs 15:33; 2Kgs 18:2; 2Chr 21:20; 2Chr 27:8 +; followed by predicate Infinitive absolute (very anomal.) וְהַמַּיִם הָיוּ הָלוֺךְ וְחָסוֺר Gen 8:5 = amount to, come to, in enumeration of days of life number of people, amounts of money, etc.: Gen 5:4; Gen 5:5; Gen 5:8; Gen 5:11; Gen 5:14; Gen 9:29; Gen 11:32; Gen 23:1 +; Exod 38:24; Num 1:46, etc.
  c. followed by adverb & adverbial phrase: לֹאטֿוֺב הֱיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדּוֺGen 2:18 (J) it is not good that the man be alone; חָדַל לִהְיוֺת לְשָׂרָה אֹרַה כַּנָּשִׁים Gen 18:11 (J).
  d. followed by preposition: (a) be with, accompany with עִם, subject most often ׳י or אלהים with added idea of protection, aid Gen 26:3; Gen 31:3; Gen 39:10; Gen 48:21; Josh 1:3; Josh 6:27; Judg 1:19; Judg 2:18; 1Sam 3:19; 1Sam 18:12; 1Sam 20:13; 1Kgs 1:37; 1Chr 11:13; 2Chr 17:3 followed by עִמָּדִי Gen 28:20; Gen 31:5; Gen 35:3 followed by עִם, human subject, of accompaniment וְהָיָההַכֹּהֵןבֶּןאַֿהֲרֹן עִםהַֿלְוִיִּם Neh 10:39; 1Chr 11:12, read also in || 2Sam 23:9 (Th We Dr); = be on the side of 1Kgs 1:8 with עִם also = be near הָיָה עִםגֹּֿרֶן האורנה ׳וּמַלְאַךְ י 2Sam 24:16 (compare Dr); also 2Sam 13:20 implying sexual intercourse, so Gen 39:10 (perhaps gloss, compare Di); peculiar uses with עִם are: וּדְבַראַֿבְנֵר הָיָה עִםזִֿקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל 2Sam 3:17 and the speech of A. had been with the elders of Israel, compare 1Kgs 1:7 וַיְהִי עִםלְֿבַב דָּוִד אָבִּי לִבְנוֺת 1Kgs 8:17 and it was with (i.e. in) the heart of David my father to build, = 2Chr 6:7 compare 1Kgs 8:18 (twice in verse); 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 6:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 24:4 also 1Kgs 10:2 = 2Chr 9:1
   (b) be with, followed by אֶת, subject ׳י, אלהים, Gen 21:20; Gen 39:2; Gen 39:21 but also with human subject וּבָנָיוּ הָיוּ אֶתמִֿקְנֵהוּ Gen 34:5, compare 1Sam 29:8 +;
   (c) followed by לְ of possessor כֶּרֶם הָיָה לִידִדִי Isa 5:1 all vineyard had my beloved, Gen 30:30 compare Exod 20:3 = Deut 5:7; Judg 18:27; 1Sam 9:2; 1Kgs 5:6 + often (compare I. 2 d, f, h);
   (d) followed by לְ + other preposition: of boundary וַיְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל מֵעֲרוֺעֵרJosh 13:16, compare וַיְהִי גְבוּלָם מִמַּחֲנַיִם vJosh 13:30 וַוְהִי לָהֶם הַגְּבוּל לִפְאַת צָפנַָה מִיַּרְדֵּן Josh 18:12, etc.;
   (e) followed by בְּ be among, or of, Amos 1:1 who was one of the herdsmen, 1Kgs 2:7 let them be among those eating, Prov 22:26; Prov 23:20.
5. periphrastic conjug.:
  a. היה + participle, of continuous state, or condition, sometimes, especially late (compare Late Hebrew), of habit, with וַיְהִי also of beginning and continuance (compare Dr§ 135, (5)): participle active Gen 39:22 (J), Exod 3:1 (E), 1Sam 2:11; 1Sam 7:10; 1Sam 18:9 (compare Dr) v1Sam 18:14 v1Sam 18:29; 2Sam 8:15 = 1Chr 18:14. Deut 28:29; Isa 30:20; 1Kgs 5:1; 1Kgs 5:15; 1Kgs 5:24; 2Kgs 6:5; 2Kgs 9:14; 2Chr 9:26; Ezra 4:4; Neh 1:4; Neh 2:13; Dan 1:16 +; Gen 1:6 (P); ׳הָיָה יָרֵא אֶתיֿ 1Kgs 18:3; 2Kgs 4:1; 2Chr 26:1 passive participle Josh 10:26; 1Kgs 13:24; 1Kgs 22:35 וְהַמֶּלֶךְ הָיָה מָעֳמָד בַּמֶּרְכָּבָה (|| 2Chr 18:34 הָיָה מַעֲמִיד), Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1, וְהָיָה סָגוּר Ezek 44:2, נַעֲשֶׂה ׳ה Neh 5:18, ׳וְאָהוּב לֵאלֹהָיו ה Neh 13:26 — on 2Sam 13:32 compare Dr.
  b. followed by Infinitive with לְ (Dr§ 208, 204): וְהָיָה לְבָעֵר Isa 5:5 and it shall be to burn (is to be, is destined to be burned) etc.; לָבוֺא וַיְהִי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Gen 15:12 and the sun was about to set; וַיְהִי הַשַּׁעַר לִסְגּוֺר Josh 2:5 and the gate was about to be shut; but also וַיְהִי לִדְרשׁ אֱלֹהִים 2Chr 26:5 (nearly = וַיְהִי + Participle) Niph`al Perfect נִהְיָה 1Kgs 1:27 + 6 t. + Mic 2:4 (compare below near the end); 3 feminine singular נִהָיְתָה Judg 19:30 + 5 t., נִהְיָ֑תָה Exod 11:6; Jer 48:19 וְנִהְיָ֑תָה consecutive Ezek 39:8 + Ezek 21:12 (strike out B Manuscripts ᵐ5 Co); 2 masculine singular נִהְיֵיתָ Deut 27:9 1 singular ךּנהִךְייךתי Dan 8:27 Participle feminine singular נִהְיָה Prov 13:19 —
1. either, be done, be brought about, or occur, come to pass: in the strong expressions וְכָמֹהוּ לֹא תֹסִף אֲשֶׁר כָּמֹהוּ ׳לֹא נ Exod 11:6 (J) a cry such as hath not occurred (been raised), and will not be again, compare Deut 4:32 (be done; || נִשְׁמַע), & Judg 19:30 (|| נִרְאֲתָה); — but simply intransitive Joel 2:2; Dan 12:1 & apparently Ezek 21:12 (|| בָּאָ֫ה; on text, however, see above) Ezek 39:8 (|| id.); — also אֵיכָה נִהְיְתָה הָרָעָה הַזֹּאת Judg 20:3 how hath this wickedness been done ? compare vJudg 20:12; Jer 5:30; Jer 48:19 also Neh 6:8 with לֹא, existence denied ׳לֹא נ Zech 8:10 (|| אֵינֶ֑נָּה); in all the above (except Joel 2:2; Dan 12:1 & Ezek 21:12; Ezek 39:8) personal agency is clearly implied; it is expressed ׳מֵאֵת אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּלֶץ נ הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה 1Kgs 1:27, so of divine agency (מֵאִתִּי) 1 K i1Kgs 12:24 = 2Chr 11:4 further be attained, secured, of wages Zech 8:10 (with לֹא, || אֵינֶ֑נָּה); תַּאֲוָּה נִהְיָה Prov 13:19 a desire come to pass, realized.
2. be done, finished, gone, only Daniel וּשְׁנָתוֺ נִהְיְתָה עָלָיו Dan 2:1 and his sleep was finished upon him, i.e. left him (compare Aramaic Dan 6:19); נִהְיֵיתִי Dan 8:27 I came to an end, was exhausted (si vera lectio, strike out ᵐ5; || נֶחֱלֵיתִי); נִהְיָה, in וְנָהָה נְהִי נִהְיָה Mic 2:4, is dubious; it is done, over, the ruin is come Rob-Ges Ew Hi Ca Che L RVm;? < omit as dittograph StaZAW 1886, 122 f. compare JBL1890, 74.77.

BDB9470 H1934 H1961

BDB9469 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9471

הֲוָא, הֲוָּה71 verb come to pass, become, be (Biblical Hebrew הָיָה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲוָה Dan 4:26 +, הֲוָא Dan 5:19 +; 2 masculine singular הֲוַיְתָ Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34, 1 singular הֲוֵית Dan 4:1 +; 3 masculine plural הֲווֺ Dan 2:35 +; Imperfect 3 masculine singular לֶהֱוֵא (K§ 47, l) b) Dr§ 204 Obs. NöM 215 ff.; in Jewish-Aramaic as jussive D§ 61, lc) Dan 2:20 +; 3 feminine singular תֶּהֱוֵה Dan 4:24 +, אֵ֯ Ezra 6:8 +, 3 masculine plural לֶהֱוֺן Ezra 6:10 + 6 t., 3 feminine plural לֶהֶוְיָן Dan 5:17 Imperative masculine plural הֱווֺ Ezra 4:22, הֲזוֺ Ezra 6:6 —
1. come to pass Dan 2:28; Dan 2:29 (twice in verse); Dan 2:45.
2. come into being, arise Ezra 7:23 become, come to be, with predicate noun Dan 4:24; Dan 5:29 and ( = represent) Dan 7:23 with כְּ like Dan 2:35 a, with ל predicate vDan 2:35 b, with adjective predicate Ezra 6:6, with adverb phrase Ezra 5:5; Dan 4:22 often periphrastic, with participle: ׳יְדִיעַ לה let become known Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:13; Ezra 5:8 let it be given Ezra 6:8; Ezra 6:9, also Ezra 7:26; Dan 2:20.
3. be, as copula, with adjective predication Dan 2:40; Dan 2:42; Dan 7:19 so very often in periphrastic conjugation with participle, צָבֵא ׳ה wish Dan 5:19 (4 t. in verse), ׳חָזֵה ה behold Dan 2:31; Dan 2:34; Dan 7:2; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:6 +, etc.

be, pass, was, were, came, …
hāyâ
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
  • to be, become, come to pass, exist, happen, fall out
    • (Qal)
      • to occur
        • to happen, fall out, occur, take place, come about, come to pass
          • "to come about, come to pass
        to come into being, become
        • to arise, appear, come
          • "to become
          • to become
            • "to become like"to be instituted, be established
        to be
        • to exist, be in existence
          • "to abide, remain, continue (with word of place or time)"to stand, lie, be in, be at, be situated (with word of locality)"to accompany, be with
      (Niphal)
      • to occur, come to pass, be done, be brought about
        • "to be done, be finished, be gone

בְּ עֵֽינֵי הֶֽם
בְּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
עֵֽינֵי
Root word eyes, sight, eye, seemeth, colour, …
הֶֽם
Suffix — pronoun their / them
Dictionary form: עַיִן · ah-YIN

Noun — Common, both dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: in their sight
in the sight ×109 mine eyes ×45 thine eyes ×42 his eyes ×39 in thy sight ×26 the eyes ×22 in the eyes ×20 eye ×16
More options
eye — Core anatomical meaning; singular, most versatile starting point.
sight — Prefer for phrases like 'in the sight of'; perception sense.
spring — Use when the referent is a water source, not a body part.
appearance — Suits contexts describing color, resemblance, or visual quality.
presence — Idiomatic in phrases meaning 'before someone'; relational nuance.
opinion — For idioms like 'in his own eyes'; subjective judgment sense.

BDB5892 H5772 H5771 H5869

BDB5891 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5893

[עוֺנָה] Qr, [ עֵינָה] Kt noun feminine only suffix Hos 10:10: Qr plural עוֺנֹתָם Baer, singular עוֺנָתָם Ginsb; > עֵינֹתָם Kt; but read עֲוֺנֹתָם, see עָוֺן 1 a..

BDB5893 H5869

BDB5892 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5894

עֹוֵן Kt 1Sam 18:9 see עין.

עִוְעִים see below I. עוה.

BDB6014 H5869

BDB6013 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6015

I. עַ֫יִן859 noun feminineGen 3:7 and (Zech 3:9; Zech 4:10 AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 75) masculine eye (ancient Semitic word; √ and relation to II. ׳ע unknown; Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician ען; ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא Palmyrene עינא Zinjirli suffix עיני, עינך Syriac ; Assyrian ênu, enu, Tel Amarna suffix inaya and (apparently Canaanite gloss —inaya; Arabic ; Ethiopic ); — absolute ׳ע Exod 21:4 +, construct עֵין vExod 21:26 +; suffix עֵינִי Gen 44:21 + (2Sam 16:12 read עָנְיִי Vrss Comm.), עֵינְךָ Deut 7:16 +, עֵינֵנוּ Ps 35:21 (2Sam 20:6 see נצל Hiph`il); suffix 3 masculine plural עֵינָם Isa 13:18 (Zech 5:6 read עֲוֺנָם ᵐ5 We Gr Now), עֵינֵמוֺ Ps 73:7 (but read עֲוֺנָמוֺ see Commentaries); usually dual עֵינַיִם Gen 20:16 +, עֵינָ֑יִם Isa 3:16 +, especially construct עֵינֵי Gen 3:7 +, עֵנֵי Isa 3:8 suffix עֵינַי Gen 31:10 +, עֵינֶיךָ Judg 6:17 +, etc. (Hos 10:10 read עֲוֺנֹתָם compare ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Che We Gr Now); — eye:

1. literally as physical organ,
  a. of man Exod 21:6 (3 t. in verse) (E), Gen 3:6 (J) +, Lev 21:20; Lev 24:20 (twice in verse); Lev 26:16 (H; very rarely P, e.g. Deut 34:4; Deut 34:7), 2Kgs 4:34 (twice in verse) +; once שְׁתֵּי עֵינַי Judg 16:28.
  b. anthropomorph. of ׳י Ps 33:18; Ps 34:16 +.
  c. of idols Ps 115:5; Ps 135:16.
  d. of beasts Gen 30:41 (J), Job 40:24 (hippop., si vera lectio, but probably corrupt Di Siegf Bu Du where see conjectures), Job 41:10 (crocodile); bird Job 28:7; Job 39:29; .
  e. in wheels Ezek 1:18 compare Ezek 10:12 on stone Zech 3:9 (all in visions). feminine subject of ראה see Gen 45:12 (twice in verse) (E), + (often Deuteronomy), with חזה Ps 11:4 men see ׳בְּע Deut 3:27; 2Kgs 7:12 +; especially ׳נָשָׂא ע + ראה Gen 13:10; Gen 10:14 (J) +; compare לְכָלמַֿרְאֵה עֵינֵי הַכֹּהֵן Lev 13:12 = as far as the priest can see, ׳מַרְאֵה ע Deut 28:34 what is seen by the eyes = vDeut 28:67; Eccl 6:9.
  g. as affected by sleep, see שֵׁנָה below [יָשֵׁן].
  h. as weeping, מְקוֺר דִּמְעָה ׳ע Jer 8:23, נִגְּרָה ׳ע Lam 3:49, ׳דָּֽלְפָה ע Job 16:20 see also Jer 31:16; Ps 116:8, and ירד Qal 3 c. i. as growing dim, see I. כָּהָה, חָשַׁךְ 3; with כָּבֵד Gen 48:10 (E), קוּם 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4, שָׁעַע Isa 32:3; Isa 6:10 (Hiph`il); with כָּלָה pine, languish, see ׳כ Qal 2 b, Pi`el 2 b, with דָּאַב Ps 88:10, עָשַׁשׁ Ps 6:8; Ps 31:10, דָּלַל Isa 38:14.
  j. with פָּקַח open, after sleep Job 27:19, sleep of death 2Kgs 4:35 = keep awake Prov 20:13 (opposed to שֵׁנָה); of new power of vision Gen 3:5; Gen 3:7 (J), given by God Gen 21:19 (E), 2Kgs 6:17 (twice in verse); so (with וַיְגַל) Num 22:31 (JE); = give sight to blind 2Kgs 6:20 (twice in verse); Isa 35:5; Isa 42:7; Ps 146:8 of God (׳י) opening his eyes, ׳פָּקַח ע 2Kgs 19:16 = Isa 37:17; Dan 9:18, + עַלֿ Jer 32:19; Zech 12:4; Job 14:3 עַל {abbrev}שִׂי֥֥ ע Gen 44:21 (J) Jer 39:12; Jer 40:4, + לטובה Jer 24:6, + לרעה Amos 9:4 with פָּתַח + אֶלֿ 1Kgs 8:29 = 2Chr 6:20; 1Kgs 8:52; Neh 1:6, + ל 2Chr 6:40; 2Chr 7:15 + infinitive Neh 1:6. — Num 24:3; Num 24:15 see שׁתם
  k. ׳אוֺר ע etc., = revive, see אור
verb Qal, Hiph`il; noun, 10.
1. ׳קָרַץ ע = wink Ps 35:19; Prov 10:10, ׳בְּע ׳ק Prov 6:13. masculine ׳יִרְזְמוּן ע Job 15:12 i.e. roll (in anger).
  n. ׳ל ׳לָטַשׁ ע Job 16:9 whet eyes against = 'look daggers at.'
  o. put out eye, see עִוֵּר, נקר
  p. as feature of beauty, ׳יְפֵה ע Deut 16:12 compare Song 4:9; Song 7:5, יוֺנִים ׳ע Song 1:15; Song 4:1 and Song 5:12 (כְּיוֺנִים); on other hand, לֵאָה רַכּוֺת ׳ע Gen 29:17 (E); ׳וַתָּשֶׂם בַּפּוּךְ ע 2Kgs 9:30 (see פּוּךְ), compare Jer 4:30, ׳כָּחַל ע Ezek 23:40 paint the eyes .
  q. apple of the eye, see אִישׁוֺן, [בָּבָה], בַּת
6. r. ׳גַּבֹּת ע Lev 14:9 eyebrows.
  s. ׳חַכְלִילִי ע מִָיּ֑יִן Gen 49:12, ׳חַכְלִילוּת ע Prov 23:29 (see ׳ח); ׳מְאוֺר ע Prov 15:30, see Toy.
2. a. eyes as shewing mental qualities: arrogance גַבְהוּת ׳ע Isa 2:11, גְבֹהִים ׳ע Isa 5:15, ׳גְּבַהּעֿ Ps 101:5, ׳תִּפְאֶרֶת רוּם ע Isa 10:12 with רוּם also Ps 18:28 (so read also || 2Sam 22:28 Hup HPS), 2Sam 131:1; Prov 6:17; Prov 21:4 humility, ׳שַׁח ע Job 22:29 mockery, תִּלְעַג לְ ׳ע Prov 30:17 compare בְּ ׳רָעָה ע Deut 15:9 (grudging), Deut 28:54; Deut 28:56 (id.); especially (עַל) אַלתָּֿחֹס ׳ע not have pity on Deut 7:16 + 4 t. Deuteronomy; Ezek 5:11 + 8 t. Ezekiel; Isa 13:18, also Gen 45:20 (E; = not regret); compare ׳נֹחַם יִסָּתֵר מֵע Hos 13:14.
  b. ׳מַחְמַד ע Ezek 24:16 desire of the eyes, so vEzek 24:21 vEzek 24:25 ׳שִׁקּוּצֵי ע Ezek 20:7 abominations of the eyes, so vEzek 20:8. — Ps 73:7 see חֵלֶב.
3. Figurative of mental and spiritual faculties, acts and states:
  a. ׳תִּפָּקַחְנָה ע Gen 3:5; Gen 3:7 (J) Isa 42:7, ׳גְּלּוּי ע Num 24:4; Num 24:16 (JE); also ׳טַח מֵרְאוֺת ע Isa 44:18 ׳אֶליֿ ׳ע Ps 123:2 (see vPs 123:2 vPs 123:2 for origin of figurative), +; of ׳י, Ps 33:18 (i.e. his favour) Ps 34:16 (id. +.
  b. הַזִּנוֺת ׳ע Ezek 6:9 ׳תִּשְׂבַּע ע Eccl 1:8; Eccl 4:8 ׳שָֽׁאֲלוּ ע Eccl 2:10 לְֹנכַח יַבִּיטוּ ׳ע Prov 4:25 ׳טוֺבעֿ Prov 22:9 = bountiful, רַע עָ֑יִן Prov 23:6 = niggardly one, so Prov 28:22 eye as avenue of temptation Job 31:1; Job 31:7 ׳שִׁית ע Ps 17:11 = designation
  c. especially בְּעֵינֵי, with adjective and intransitive verbs, in the view, opinion, of Gen 16:4; Gen 16:5 (J), Gen 21:11; Gen 21:12 (E), Gen 34:18 (P), + often; with active verb 2Sam 10:3 = 1Chr 19:3; Esth 1:17; Esth 3:6 ׳הַטּוֺב בְּע Gen 16:6; Gen 19:14 (J), +, i.e. what one pleases, Num 36:6 (P) whom they please; ׳הַיָּשָׁר בְּע Deut 12:8; Deut 12:25 +, ׳הַטּוֺב וְהַיָּשָׁר בְּע vDeut 12:28; Josh 9:25 (D), ׳הָרַע בְּע Judg 2:11; Judg 3:7; Deut 4:25 + especially D and Kings (RD); so לְנֶגֶד עיניו 2Sam 22:25 = Ps 18:25 אַחֲרֵי עֵינֵיכֶם Num 15:39 = according to your wish, fancy (+ לְבַבְכֶם).
  d. ׳נֶעְלָם מֵע Lev 4:13 i.e. hid from knowledge of, so Num 5:13 (both P), Job 28:21 ׳מֵע Num 15:24 (P) without the knowledge of; מִן ׳אַעְלִים ע Isa 1:15 = disregard, pay no attention; compare Lev 20:4 (H) Ezek 22:26 without מִן, absolute, Prov 28:27 ׳נִסְתְּרוּ מֵע Isa 65:16, ׳וַיַּסְתֵּר עָמָל מֵע Job 3:10 בּוֺ ׳אַעְלִים ע (i.e. בַּכֹּפֶר) 1Sam 12:3 (נעלים sandals + ענו בי ᵐ5 Th We Kit, compare Ecclusxlvi. 19; Bu HPS insert ענו בי); ׳הַשֹּׁחַד יְעַוֵּר ע Deut 16:19, compare ׳כְּסוּת ע Gen 20:16 (E).
4. Transferred meanings:
  a. visible surface of earth Exod 10:5; Exod 10:15 (J) Num 22:5; Num 22:11 (JE).
  b. appearance Lev 13:5 (P; reading בְּעֵינוֺ Di Kau Dr-Wh), vLev 13:37 (P; reading id.), vLev 13:55 (P) Num 11:7 (twice in verse) (JE); so apparently dual 1Sam 16:7.
  c. gleam, sparkle (of metal, jewels, etc.) Ezek 1:4; Ezek 1:7; Ezek 1:16; Ezek 1:22; Ezek 1:27; Ezek 8:2; Ezek 10:9; Dan 10:6 of wine Prov 23:31.

5. Other phrases are: ׳תַּחַת ע ׳ע Exod 21:24 (E) = Lev 24:20 (H), = ׳בְּע ׳ע Deut 19:21, all = an eye for an eye; ׳בְּע ׳ע = eye to eye, Num 14:14 (P) Isa 52:8 (figurative), compare תִּרְאֶינָה ׳אֶתעֿ ׳וְע Jer 32:4; Jer 34:3 especially לְעֵינֵי in the presence of, in full view of Gen 42:24 (E) Gen 47:19 (J) Exod 4:30 (J) Num 19:5 (P), + oft; of business transaction Jer 32:12 (twice in verse); Gen 23:11; Gen 23:18 (P); so ׳נֶגֶד ע Joel 1:16, ׳לְנֶגֶד ע Job 4:16, and even ׳בְּע 1Sam 21:14; Ezra 3:12 ׳נִגְרַזְתּי מִנֶּגֶד ע Ps 31:23 ׳בֵּין ע = on the forehead Exod 13:9; Exod 13:16 (JE) Deut 6:8; Deut 11:18; Deut 14:1; Dan 8:5; Dan 8:21.

BDB6016 H5869 H5871 H5878 H5875 H5883 H5886 H8179

BDB6015 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6017

II. עַ֫יִן noun feminine spring (of water) (connection with I. ׳ע dubious; Late Hebrew id., Phoenician ען; Assyrian ênu, înu; Arabic ; Ethiopic ; Palmyrene עינא, ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא; Syriac ); — absolute ׳ע 1Sam 29:1 +, עָ֑יִן Gen 49:22 +, הָעַ֫יְנָה Gen 24:16; Gen 24:45 construct עֵין vGen 24:13 +; plural עֲיָנֹת Deut 8:7, וֺת- 2Chr 32:3 construct עֵינוֺת Exod 15:27 = Num 33:9, עִינוֺת Prov 8:28 (Ges«GKC:93v»§ 93v); — spring Gen 16:7; Gen 24:16; Gen 24:29; Gen 24:30; Gen 24:42; Gen 24:45 (all J) Gen 49:22 (poem in J), 1Sam 29:1 עֵין חַמַּיִם Gen 16:7; Gen 24:13; Gen 24:43 (J), compare Exod 15:27 (J) Num 33:9 (P); ׳נַחֲלֵי מַיִם ע וּתְחֹמֹת Deut 8:7 מֵימֵי הָעֲיָנוֺת 2Chr 32:3 תְּהוֺם ׳ְ Prov 8:28 (i.e. of the sea); figurative עֵין יַעֲקֹב Deut 33:28 (poem), i.e. Jacob's descendants. Particular springs are:
  a. חֲרֹד ׳ע Judg 7:1 (on location compare GFM).
  b. הַקּוֺרֵא ׳ע (partridge-spring) Judg 15:19 (compare id.).
  c. רֹגֵּל ׳ע near Jerusalem (early sanctuary RSSem i. 157, 2nd ed. 172) 2Sam 17:17 compare 1Kgs 1:2, on border of Judah Josh 15:7, and Benjamin Josh 18:16.
  d. הַתַּנִּין ׳ע (dragon-spring) Neh 2:13 (= c ? so RSl.c.). — On שַׁעַר הָעַיִן Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 see שַׁעַר

BDB8929 H8179 H5869

BDB8928 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8930

שַׁ֫עַר373 noun masculine2Sam 18:24 (feminineIsa 14:31 in personification, AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 86) gate; — ׳שׁ absolute Judg 9:40 +, construct Gen 22:17 +; with ה locative, שָׁ֑עְרָה Isa 28:6 +; plural שְׁעָרִים 2Sam 18:24 +, construct שַׁעֲרֵי 1Sam 17:52 +; suffix שְׁעָרֶיךָ Deut 12:15 +, שַׁעֲרֵיהֶם Ezek 21:20; Ezek 48:34, etc.; —

1. a. gate, entrance to city, shut (סָגַר) by night Josh 2:5; Josh 2:7 (JE), compare Isa 45:1, opened (פָּתַח) by day Neh 7:3, compare Isa 60:11 for entrance (בּוֺא), and exit (יָצָא) Jer 17:19; Jer 17:20; Jer 17:21; Jer 17:24; Jer 17:25; Jer 17:27; Lam 4:12; Ezek 26:10 +; ׳עָבַר שׁ Mic 2:13 pass out through (disregard accents), ׳בַּשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:10 with bars Ps 147:13 attacked Ezek 21:20; Ezek 21:27, compare Isa 28:6; Mic 1:9; Mic 1:12; 1Sam 17:52 on Judg 5:8; Judg 5:11 see Commentaries; burned (by foe) Jer 19:27; Jer 51:58; Neh 1:3; Neh 2:3; Neh 2:13; Neh 2:17 as giving control, possession, of city, אֹיְבָיו ׳יָרַשׁ אֵת שׁ Gen 22:17; Gen 24:60 (J); ׳פֶּתַח הַשּׁ Judg 9:40 + (see ׳פ), ׳דַּלְתוֺת הַשּׁ 1Sam 21:14 + (see ׳ד 3); ׳פֶּתַחהַֿשּׁ Judg 18:16; Judg 18:17 of farm or village; so of camp Exod 32:26; Exod 32:27 (J). In cities, elaborate structure, with roof 2Sam 18:24, upper chamber 2Sam 19:1 compare שְׂאוּ שְׁעָרִים רָאשֵׁיכֶם Ps 24:7; Ps 24:9 write laws ׳בִּשׁ Deut 6:9 ( + עַלמְֿזֻזוֺת בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ), Deut 11:20 (+id..); ׳בְּתוֺךְ הַשּׁ 1Sam 9:18, ׳אֶלאתּוֺךְ הַשּׁ 2Sam 3:27 ׳(לְ)יַד שׁ as public, 1Sam 4:18, + v1Sam 4:13 ᵐ5 Th We Dr and others, compare 2Sam 15:2; 2Sam 18:4; Prov 8:3 (|| מְבוֺא פְתָחִים).
  b. particular gates of Jerusalem are: (1) אֶפְרַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23; Neh 8:16; Neh 12:39 (2) הָאַשְׁפֹּת ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 3:14; Neh 12:31 = הָֽשְׁפוֺת ׳שׁ Neh 3:13 (3) בִּנְיָמִין ׳שׁ Jer 37:13; Jer 38:7; Zech 14:10 (4) הַגַּיִא ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 2:15; Neh 3:13; 2Chr 26:9 (5) הַדָּגִים ׳שׁ Zeph 1:10; Neh 3:3; Neh 12:39; 2Chr 33:14 (6) בֵּין הַחֹמֹתַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 25:4 = Jer 52:7 compare Jer 39:4 (7) החרסות ׳שׁ Jer 19:2 (8) הַיְשָׁנָה ׳שׁ Neh 3:6; Neh 12:39 (9) הַמִּזְרָךְ ׳שׁ Neh 3:29 (10) הַמַּטָּרָה ׳שׁ Neh 12:39 (11) ׳הַמָּ֑יִם שׁ Neh 8:1; Neh 8:3; Neh 8:16 (12) הַמַּיִם לַמִּזְרָ֑ח ׳שׁ Neh 3:26,compare Neh 12:37 (13) הַמִּפְקָ֑ד ׳שׁ Neh 3:31 (14) הָעַיִן ׳שׁ Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 (15) הַסּוּסִים ׳שׁ Jer 31:40; Neh 3:28 (compare 3 b); (16) הַפִּנָּה ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23 (read הַפִּנָּה for הַפּוֺנֶה), Jer 31:38; 2Chr 26:9 probably = הַפִּנִּים ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 (17) הַצּאֹן ׳שׁ Neh 3:1; Neh 3:32; Neh 12:39 (18) הָרִאשׁוֺן ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 — on sites and related to each other see RS-GASmEncy. Bib. JERUSALEM ConderHast. DB id. BuhlG 133 ff. BdPal. under the word MurrayHd. Bk, under the word BeRyNe p. 182 ff. GuZPV, especially v (1882). 7 ff. viii (1885), 245 ff. Comm.on the passage variant reading
  c. of Ezekiel's holy city, שַׁעֲרֵי הָעִיר Ezek 48:31, three on each side, named for tribes, vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 + 12 t. Ezek 48.
2. a. gate = space inside gate, as public meeting-place, market 2Kgs 7:1; 2Kgs 7:18, place of public well 2Sam 23:15; 2Sam 23:16 = 1Chr 11:17; 1Chr 11:18, where elders, judges, king, sat officially Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Amos 5:12; Amos 5:15; Isa 29:21; 2Sam 18:24; 2Sam 19:9; 1Kgs 22:10 = 2Chr 18:9; Gen 19:1 (J) Prov 24:7; Job 5:4; Job 31:21; Ruth 4:1 (twice in verse); Prov 31:23; Prov 31:31, etc.; of conqueror Jer 1:15 apparently = ׳רְחוֺב שׁ Gen 19:2 (J) Neh 8:16; 1Chr 9:16 + (see I. ׳ר); Gen 34:20 (P) one came unto gate (בָּא אֶלֿ), so ׳בָּאֵי שׁ Gen 23:10; Gen 23:18 (P) those entering the gate, i.e. having citizens' rights; also went out (to), ׳יָצָא שׁ Job 29:7 (i.e., in this case, from his own house, outside the city), hence ׳כָּליֹֿצְאֵי שׁ Gen 34:24 (twice in verse) (P; compare also הוֺצִיא אֶלֿ Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Deut 22:24); hence = body of citizens, עַמִּי׳כָּלשֿׁ Ruth 3:11.
  b. hence also = city Isa 14:31 (|| עִיר), Ps 87:2, etc.
  c. specifically in Deuteronomy, בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ in thy gates, i.e. thy cities, towns, etc., Deut 5:14 = Exod 20:10; Deut 12:12; Deut 12:15; Deut 12:17; Deut 12:21 + 22 t. Deuteronomy + 1Kgs 8:37 (read ׳בְּאַחַד שׁ, compare Deut 18:6; Deut 23:17, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 modern), so || 2Chr 6:28, + (perhaps) Jer 14:2 (but Jer 15:7; Nah 3:13 figurative of gates as entrance to land); of private house, שַׁעֲרֵי צַדִּיק Prov 14:19 (perhaps compare Judg 18:16 1 a above).
3. a. gate of royal castle or palace 2Kgs 9:31; Jer 22:2; Jer 22:4; Neh 2:8; Esth 2:19 + 10 t. Esther; specifically (of king of Judah), סוּר ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:6 = הַיְסוֺד ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:5 (see ׳ס, ׳יס), הָרָצִים ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:19, ׳אַחַר הָר ׳הַשּׁ v2Kgs 11:6 ׳הַסּוּסִים בֵּית הַמּ ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:15 ( = ׳מְבוֺא הַסּ || 2Kgs 11:16); apparently of official residence, יְהוֺשֻׁעַ ׳פֶּתַח שׁ 2Kgs 23:8.
  b. of temple Jer 7:2 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:23; 1Chr 16:42 + 12 t. Chronicles, including ׳שַׁעֲרֵי מַחֲנוֺת י 2Chr 31:2 (see מַחֲנֶה 1, p. 334), compare Ps 100:4; Ps 118:20, שַׁעֲרֵי צֶדֶק vPs 100:19 specifically בִּנְיָמִין הָעֶלְיוֺן ׳שׁ Jer 20:2, and (omit ׳בִּנְי) 2Kgs 15:35 = 2Chr 27:3; Ezek 9:2; 2Chr 23:20, הֶחָדָשׁ ׳(בֵּית) י ׳שׁ Jer 26:10; Jer 36:10, הַפְּנִימִית הַפּוֺנֶה ׳שׁ צָפוֺנָה Ezek 8:3 compare vEzek 8:14, Ezek 8:5, הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַמִּזְבֵּחַ שַׁעַר בֵּית י ׳שׁ Ezek 10:19; Ezek 11:1 שַׁלֶּכֶת ׳שׁ 1Chr 26:16 שַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶח 1Chr 9:18.
  c. of Ezekiel's temple and courts Ezek 40:3; Ezek 40:6; Ezek 44:11; Ezek 44:17 + 67 t. Ezek 40-47.
  d. of court of tabernacle (P), הֶחָצֵר ׳שׁ Exod 27:16; Exod 35:17 + 6t. Exodus + Num 4:36.
4. figurative הַשָּׁמַיִם ׳זֶה שׁ Gen 28:17 (E; || בֵּית אֱלֹהִים); plural שַׁעֲרֵי שְׁאוֺל Isa 38:10 מָֿוֶת׳שׁ Job 38:17; Ps 9:14; Ps 107:18 צַלְמָוֶת ׳שׁ Job 38:17.

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BDB9760 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9762

[עַ֫יִן] noun feminineEzra 5:5 eye (see Biblical Hebrew I. ׳ע); — construct עֵין Ezra 5:5 (of God); plural (K§ 51, 1) of horn, עַיְנִין Dan 7:8; Dan 7:20 of man, dual construct עַיְנֵי vDan 7:8, suffix עַיְנַי Dan 4:31.

eyes, sight, eye, seemeth, colour, …
ʿayin
an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)
  • eye
    • eye
      • of physical eye
        • "as showing mental qualities"of mental and spiritual faculties (figuratively)
    spring, fountain

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וְשָׁ֣ם רָאִ֗ינוּ Revia — a lesser break אֶת הַנְּפִילִ֛ים Tevir — a lesser break בְּנֵ֥י עֲנָ֖ק Tipeha — a lesser break מִן הַנְּפִלִ֑ים Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וַנְּהִ֤י בְעֵינֵ֙ינוּ֙ Pashta — a lesser break כַּֽחֲגָבִ֔ים Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וְכֵ֥ן הָיִ֖ינוּ Tipeha — a lesser break בְּעֵֽינֵיהֶֽם Silluq — end of the verse

וְשָׁם רָאִינוּ אֶת-הַנְּפִילִים בְּנֵי עֲנָק מִן-הַנְּפִלִים וַנְּהִי בְעֵינֵינוּ כַּֽחֲגָבִים וְכֵן הָיִינוּ בְּעֵֽינֵיהֶֽם׃
33
And there we saw the giants, the sons of Anak, which come of the giants: and we were in our own sight as grasshoppers, and so we were in their sight.
Cross References

Deuteronomy 1:28

אָנָה׀ אֲנַחְנוּ עֹלִים אַחֵינוּ הֵמַסּוּ אֶת-לְבָבֵנוּ לֵאמֹר עַם גָּדוֹל וָרָם מִמֶּנּוּ עָרִים גְּדֹלֹת וּבְצוּרֹת בַּשָּׁמָיִם וְגַם-בְּנֵי עֲנָקִים רָאִינוּ שָֽׁם׃
28
Whither shall we go up? our brethren have discouraged our heart, saying, The people is greater and taller than we; the cities are great and walled up to heaven; and moreover we have seen the sons of the Anakims there.

Genesis 6:4

הַנְּפִלִים הָיוּ בָאָרֶץ בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם וְגַם אַֽחֲרֵי-כֵן אֲשֶׁר יָבֹאוּ בְּנֵי הָֽאֱלֹהִים אֶל-בְּנוֹת הָֽאָדָם וְיָלְדוּ לָהֶם הֵמָּה הַגִּבֹּרִים אֲשֶׁר מֵעוֹלָם אַנְשֵׁי הַשֵּֽׁם׃
4
There were giants in the earth in those days; and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bare children to them, the same became mighty men which were of old, men of renown.

Isaiah 40:22

הַיֹּשֵׁב עַל-חוּג הָאָרֶץ וְיֹשְׁבֶיהָ כַּחֲגָבִים הַנּוֹטֶה כַדֹּק שָׁמַיִם וַיִּמְתָּחֵם כָּאֹהֶל לָשָֽׁבֶת׃
22
It is he that sitteth upon the circle of the earth, and the inhabitants thereof are as grasshoppers; that stretcheth out the heavens as a curtain, and spreadeth them out as a tent to dwell in:

1 Samuel 17:42

וַיַּבֵּט הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי וַיִּרְאֶה אֶת-דָּוִד וַיִּבְזֵהוּ כִּֽי-הָיָה נַעַר וְאַדְמֹנִי עִם-יְפֵה מַרְאֶֽה׃
42
And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained him: for he was but a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair countenance.

Deuteronomy 9:2

עַֽם-גָּדוֹל וָרָם בְּנֵי עֲנָקִים אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה יָדַעְתָּ וְאַתָּה שָׁמַעְתָּ מִי יִתְיַצֵּב לִפְנֵי בְּנֵי עֲנָֽק׃
2
A people great and tall, the children of the Anakims, whom thou knowest, and of whom thou hast heard say, Who can stand before the children of Anak!

Deuteronomy 3:11

כִּי רַק-עוֹג מֶלֶךְ הַבָּשָׁן נִשְׁאַר מִיֶּתֶר הָֽרְפָאִים הִנֵּה עַרְשׂוֹ עֶרֶשׂ בַּרְזֶל הֲלֹה הִוא בְּרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֹן תֵּשַׁע אַמּוֹת אָרְכָּהּ וְאַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת רָחְבָּהּ בְּאַמַּת-אִֽישׁ׃
11
For only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of giants; behold, his bedstead was a bedstead of iron; is it not in Rabbath of the children of Ammon? nine cubits was the length thereof, and four cubits the breadth of it, after the cubit of a man.

Deuteronomy 2:10

הָֽאֵמִים לְפָנִים יָשְׁבוּ בָהּ עַם גָּדוֹל וְרַב וָרָם כָּֽעֲנָקִֽים׃
10
The Emims dwelt therein in times past, a people great, and many, and tall, as the Anakims;

1 Chronicles 11:23

וְהֽוּא-הִכָּה אֶת-הָאִישׁ הַמִּצְרִי אִישׁ מִדָּה׀ חָמֵשׁ בָּֽאַמָּה וּבְיַד הַמִּצְרִי חֲנִית כִּמְנוֹר אֹֽרְגִים וַיֵּרֶד אֵלָיו בַּשָּׁבֶט וַיִּגְזֹל אֶֽת-הַחֲנִית מִיַּד הַמִּצְרִי וַיַּֽהַרְגֵהוּ בַּֽחֲנִיתֽוֹ׃
23
And he slew an Egyptian, a man of great stature, five cubits high; and in the Egyptian's hand was a spear like a weaver's beam; and he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian's hand, and slew him with his own spear.

1 Samuel 17:4

וַיֵּצֵא אִֽישׁ-הַבֵּנַיִם מִמַּֽחֲנוֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּים גָּלְיָת שְׁמוֹ מִגַּת גָּבְהוֹ שֵׁשׁ אַמּוֹת וָזָֽרֶת׃
4
And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height was six cubits and a span.

Numbers 13:22

וַיַּֽעֲלוּ בַנֶּגֶב וַיָּבֹא עַד-חֶבְרוֹן וְשָׁם אֲחִימַן שֵׁשַׁי וְתַלְמַי יְלִידֵי הָֽעֲנָק וְחֶבְרוֹן שֶׁבַע שָׁנִים נִבְנְתָה לִפְנֵי צֹעַן מִצְרָֽיִם׃
22
And they ascended by the south, and came unto Hebron; where Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai, the children of Anak, were. (Now Hebron was built seven years before Zoan in Egypt.)

2 Samuel 21:20

וַתְּהִי-עוֹד מִלְחָמָה בְּגַת וַיְהִי׀ אִישׁ ‫(מדין)‬ מָדוֹן וְאֶצְבְּעֹת יָדָיו וְאֶצְבְּעֹת רַגְלָיו שֵׁשׁ וָשֵׁשׁ עֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע מִסְפָּר וְגַם-הוּא יֻלַּד לְהָֽרָפָֽה׃
20
And there was yet a battle in Gath, where was a man of great stature, that had on every hand six fingers, and on every foot six toes, four and twenty in number; and he also was born to the giant.
Numbers 13:32
Read Numbers 13