Numbers 28:13

And a several tenth deal of flour mingled with oil for a meat offering unto one lamb; for a burnt offering of a sweet savour, a sacrifice made by fire unto the LORD.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וְ עִשָּׂרֹ֣ן
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
עִשָּׂרֹ֣ן
Root word deals, deal, tenth
Dictionary form: עִשָּׂרוֹן · is-saw-RONE

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: and a several tenth deal
tenth deals ×19 a several tenth deal ×3 and a several tenth deal ×2 tenth deal ×2 a tenth deal ×1 of a tenth deal ×1
More options
tenth part — Clear, literal rendering; suits most liturgical/sacrificial contexts.
one-tenth measure — Emphasizes it as a unit of measurement; good for quantity contexts.
tenth portion — Slightly more natural in prose; highlights share or allotment.
tithe measure — Connects to tithing tradition; use when cultic offering is explicit.
tenth unit — Neutral and precise; suits technical or tabular passages.

BDB6447 H6241

BDB6446 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6448

עִשָּׂרוֺן33 noun masculineLev 14:10 tenth part (of ephah; compare ᵐ5 δέκατον τοῦ οἰφί Num 15:4, and עֲשִׂירִית הָאֵיפָה Num 28:5 i.e = עֹמֶר, see further BenzArchaeology 182 NowArchaeology i. 203); — abs; — ׳ע Lev 14:21 +, עִשָּׂרֹן Exod 29:40; Num 28:13 plural עֶשְׂרֹנִים Num 28:9 +; — only P (H), as measure of סֹלֶת used in meal-offering Exod 29:40; Lev 14:10 + 3 t. Leviticus (H only Lev 23:17); Num 15:4 + 26 t. Numbers, including distributive עִשָּׂר (וֺ) ן עִשָּׂרוֺן Num 28:13 + 4 t.

deals, deal, tenth
ʿiśśārôn
(fractional) a tenth part
  • tenth part, tithe

עִשָּׂר֗וֹן
עִשָּׂר֗וֹן
Root word deals, deal, tenth
Dictionary form: עִשָּׂרוֹן · is-saw-RONE

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

tenth deals ×19 a several tenth deal ×3 and a several tenth deal ×2 tenth deal ×2 a tenth deal ×1 of a tenth deal ×1
More options
tenth part — Clear, literal rendering; suits most liturgical/sacrificial contexts.
one-tenth measure — Emphasizes it as a unit of measurement; good for quantity contexts.
tenth portion — Slightly more natural in prose; highlights share or allotment.
tithe measure — Connects to tithing tradition; use when cultic offering is explicit.
tenth unit — Neutral and precise; suits technical or tabular passages.

BDB6447 H6241

BDB6446 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6448

עִשָּׂרוֺן33 noun masculineLev 14:10 tenth part (of ephah; compare ᵐ5 δέκατον τοῦ οἰφί Num 15:4, and עֲשִׂירִית הָאֵיפָה Num 28:5 i.e = עֹמֶר, see further BenzArchaeology 182 NowArchaeology i. 203); — abs; — ׳ע Lev 14:21 +, עִשָּׂרֹן Exod 29:40; Num 28:13 plural עֶשְׂרֹנִים Num 28:9 +; — only P (H), as measure of סֹלֶת used in meal-offering Exod 29:40; Lev 14:10 + 3 t. Leviticus (H only Lev 23:17); Num 15:4 + 26 t. Numbers, including distributive עִשָּׂר (וֺ) ן עִשָּׂרוֺן Num 28:13 + 4 t.

deals, deal, tenth
ʿiśśārôn
(fractional) a tenth part
  • tenth part, tithe

סֹ֤לֶת
סֹ֤לֶת
Root word flour, fine
Dictionary form: סֹלֶת · soh-LET

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of flour
of fine flour ×28 of flour ×10 shall be of flour ×4 fine flour ×2 of the flour ×2 and for the fine flour ×1 and the fine flour ×1 even fine flour ×1
More options
fine flour — Most precise; best for cultic/offering contexts.
wheat flour — Clarifies grain source; good for general narrative.
choice flour — Emphasizes quality and selectness of the grain.
refined flour — Highlights the sifting/processing; modern culinary register.
premium flour — Accessible contemporary term; conveys high grade.

BDB5628 H5560

BDB5627 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5629

סֹ֫לֶת53 noun feminineLev 2:5 (compare on gender AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 106) fine flour (ᵐ5 σεμίδαλις, ᵑ9 simila) (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic סוּלְתָּא; Arabic a kind of barley without husks Lane1401; Assyrian sillatu, or šillatu, a kind of grain (?) Meissner-RostBAS iii, 361; also ¾ul¾a, ¾uruti, flour, as loan-word in Egyptian, Bondi84 WMMAs.u.Eur.101); — absolute ׳ס Gen 18:6 +, construct ׳ס Exod 29:9 +; suffix סָלְתָּהּ Lev 2:2fine flour, used in king's household 1Kgs 5:2 (|| קֵמַח), for honoured guests ׳קֶמַח ס Gen 18:6 (J), a se'ah of it sold for a shekel in time of scarcity 2Kgs 7:1; 2Kgs 7:16; 2Kgs 7:18 (see Benz); luxurious food Ezek 16:13; Ezek 16:19 (of Jerusalem under figure of woman); elsewhere only in offerings Ezek 46:14; 1Chr 9:29; 1Chr 23:29, and P; חִטִּים ׳ס Exod 29:2, ׳ס vExod 29:40, Lev 2:1 + 13 t. Leviticus; Num 6:15 + 26 t. Numbers.


סַם see סמם.

flour, fine
sōlet
flour (as chipped off)
  • fine flour

מִנְחָה֙
מִנְחָה֙
Root word offering, present, offerings, gifts, presents, …
Dictionary form: מִנְחָה · min-HAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: for a meat offering
for a meat offering ×22 the meat offering ×15 and their meat offering ×12 an offering ×10 and the meat offering ×10 a meat offering ×9 meat offering ×9 and his meat offering ×8
More options
grain offering — Standard modern scholarly/liturgical term; preferred in most contexts.
gift — Broad secular sense; good for non-cultic diplomatic or tribute contexts.
tribute — Use when offering is given to a superior as homage or tax.
present — Relational gift between individuals; less formal than tribute.
offering — Generic cultic term; use when grain type need not be specified.
sacrifice — Reserve for contexts emphasizing devotion; avoid where bloodless rite is key.

BDB4722 H4503

BDB4721 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4723

מִנְחָה153 noun feminine gift, tribute, offering (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician מנחת; ᵑ7 מִנְחָתָא; on Arabic see above); — absolute ׳מ Gen 4:3 + 81 t.; construct מִנְחַת Lev 2:7 + 22 t.; suffix מִנְחָתִי Gen 33:10 + 3 t.; + 41 t. suffixes singular; plural suffix מִנְחֹתֶיךָ Ps 20:4 מִנְחֹתֵיבֶם Num 29:39; Amos 5:22

3. offering made to God, of any kind, whether grain or animals Gen 4:3; Gen 4:4; Gen 4:5; Num 16:15 (J), 1Sam 2:17; 1Sam 2:29; 1Sam 26:19; Isa 1:13; Ps 96:8; Zeph 3:10 + (probably) (לַ)עֲלוֺת הַ֫מִּנְחָה 1Kgs 18:29; 1Kgs 18:36; 2Kgs 3:20 (Ehpraimitic source; usually regarded as = מִנְחַת עֶרֶב, but that much later usage). This general meaning possibly an also in following; זבח ומנחה 1Sam 2:29 (see v1Sam 2:29 b), 1Sam 3:14; Isa 19:21 עלה ומנחה Jer 14:12 || עולה Ps 20:4 || שֶׁלֶם Amos 5:22 (עֹלוֺת gloss, to explain אָרִיחַ); or these may shew early stage of discrimination.
4. grain offering (whether raw, roasted, ground to flour, or prepared as bread or cakes, see below. AV meat offering, misleading < RV meal-offering. GFMJudg 3:22 renders cereal oblation); — יָבִיאוּ אֶתהַֿמִּנְחָה בִּכְלִי טָהוֺר Isa 66:20 they bring the grain offering in clean vessels (restored Jews are brought as such an offering), compare מנחה טהורה Mal 1:11 brought in hands Jer 41:5 (late addition Co); received from hands Mal 1:10 חִטִּים למנחה 1Chr 21:23 wheat for grain offering; סֹלֶת 1Chr 23:29, mixed with oil Ezek 46:14, baked vEzek 46:20 distinguished from other offerings 1Kgs 8:64 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 7:7; 2Kgs 16:13; 2Kgs 16:15 (3 t. in verse); Isa 43:23; Isa 57:6; Isa 66:3; Jer 17:26; Jer 33:18; Jer 41:5 (late editors Co), Ezek 42:13; Ezek 44:29; Ezek 45:15; Ezek 45:17 (twice in verse); Ezek 45:25; Dan 9:27; Ps 40:7 used alone Neh 13:5; Neh 13:9; Ezek 45:24; Ezek 46:5 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:7; Ezek 46:11; Ezek 46:14 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:15; Mal 1:13; Mal 2:12; Mal 2:13; Mal 3:3; Mal 3:4; Judg 13:19; Judg 13:23 (R, GFMJud 322); (הָ) עֶרֶב מִנְחַת evening grain offering 2Kgs 16:15; Ezra 9:4; Ezra 9:5; Dan 9:21; Ps 141:2 מִנְחַת הַתָּמִיד continual grain off. Neh 10:34, compare Lev 6:13; Num 4:16 (all cases under 4 exilic or post-exilic).
5. grain-offering, always with this meaning in P, in classifications Exod 30:9; Exod 40:29; Lev 7:37; Lev 23:37; Num 18:9; Num 29:39
  a. אָבִיב grain in the ear parched with fire, with oil and frankincense Lev 2:14; Lev 2:15.
  b. סֹלֶת fine flour with oil and frankincense Lev 2:1; Lev 6:7 elsewhere בְּלוּלָה בַּשֶּׁמֶן mingled with oil Lev 14:10; Lev 14:21; Lev 23:13; Num 7:13 + 10 t. Num 8:8; Num 15:4; Num 15:6; Num 15:9; Num 28:5 + 6 t. Num 29:3; Num 29:9; Num 29:14, except sin offering of very poor where offered without oil and frankincense Lev 5:11-13.
  c. סֹלֶת baked in an oven as חַלּוֺת perforated cakes, or רְקִיקִים flat cakes Lev 2:4; Lev 7:9; Num 6:15, על הַמַּחֲבַת on a flat pan Lev 2:5; Lev 6:14; Lev 7:9, or מַרְחֶשֶׁת frying pan Lev 2:7; Lev 7:9. All these always unleavened (מַצּוֺת) and mixed with oil and salt Lev 2:11-13.
  d. at Pentecost to consecrate new bread, מִנְחָה חֲדָשָׁה new grain offering of two loaves of leavened bread Lev 23:16; Lev 23:17; Num 28:26
  e. barley meal without oil or incense; מִנְחַת קְנָאֹת grain offering of jealousy, זִכָּרוֺן ׳מ Num 5:15; Num 5:18; Num 5:25. compare phrases מִנְחַת הַבֹּקֶר morning oblation Exod 29:41; Num 28:8 ׳קָרְבַּן מ Lev 2:1; Lev 2:4; Lev 2:13 בִּכּוּרִים ׳מ Lev 2:14 פִּתִּים ׳מ Lev 6:14.
6. verbs of offering are הֵבִיא Gen 4:3 (J), Lev 2:2; Lev 2:8 (P), Isa 1:13; Isa 66:20 (twice in verse); Jer 17:26; Mal 1:13 הִקְרִיב Lev 2:1; Lev 2:8; Lev 2:11; Lev 6:7; Num 5:25 עשׂה Num 6:17; Num 28:31; 1Kgs 8:64 = 2Chr 7:7; Ezek 45:24; Ezek 46:7; Ezek 46:14; Ezek 46:15 הקטיר 2Kgs 16:13; 2Kgs 16:15; Jer 33:18 העלה Isa 57:6; Isa 66:3; Jer 14:12 הגישׁ Amos 5:25; Mal 2:12; Mal 3:3 הוביל Zeph 3:10 נשׂא Ps 96:8, also (׳מ = tribute) 2Sam 8:2; 2Sam 8:6 and ||.


מְנֻחָה see מְנוּחָה below נוח. מְנַחֵם see נחם.


מָנַ֫חַת, מְנֻחוֺת, מָנַחְתִּי see נוח.


מְנִי see מנה.


BDB9675 H4503 H4504

BDB9674 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9676

מִנְחָה noun feminine gift, offering (Biblical Hebrew id., √ מנח); —

1. oblation, to God's representative, absolute ׳מ Dan 2:46.
2. techn. meal-offering, plural suffix מִנְחָֽתְהוֺן Ezra 7:17.


מִנְיָן see מנה. above

offering, present, offerings, gifts, presents, …
minḥâ
a donation; euphemistically, tribute; specifically a sacrificial offering (usually bloodless and voluntary)
  • gift, tribute, offering, present, oblation, sacrifice, meat offering
    • gift, present
    • "tribute"offering (to God)"grain offering

בְּלוּלָ֣ה
בְּלוּלָ֣ה
Root word mingled, confound, anointed, mixed, provender, …
Dictionary form: בָּלַל · baw-LAHL

Verb — Qal, Participle Passive, feminine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" a settled state — try "___ed"

In the KJV here: mingled
mingled ×37 and confound ×1 and gave provender ×1 confound ×1 hath mixed himself ×1 i shall be anointed ×1 tempered ×1
More options
mix — Broadest, most neutral modern equivalent; preferred for culinary/ritual contexts.
blend — Slightly more thorough mixing; good for ingredients or materials.
mingle — Modernized KJV form; suits mixing of peoples or substances.
confuse — Best for the Tower of Babel 'confound' sense (Gen 11).
anoint — Use only when the sense is applying oil to a surface.
feed — Narrow use only; for giving mixed fodder/provender to animals.

BDB1138 H1101

BDB1137 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1139

I. בָּלַל verb mingle, mix, confuse, confound (Arabic moisten (with water), compare moisture, Assyrian balâlu, DlPr 70; compare Phoenician בלל name of a sacrifice, & Late Hebrew בִּלְבֵּל; Aramaic בַּלְבֵּל, ) —

Qal Perfect בָּלַל Gen 11:9, ַ™בּלֹּתִָּֽי Ps 92:11 (but compare below); Imperfect 1 plural נָָֽבְלָה = נָכֹ֫לָּה Gen 11:7, compare i. 325; Participle passive בָּלוּל Exod 29:40 + 3 t., בְּלוּלָה Lev 2:5 + 28 t., בְּלוּלֹת Exod 29:2 + 4 t.; —
1. mingle, confuse (object שָׂפָה = speech, language, q. v.) Gen 11:7; Gen 11:9 (J).
2. mix (cakes or flour, etc. always with oil) technical term of sacrifice, only P (H Lev 23:13), compare Di on Lev 2:4 usually as מנחה, ׳בַּשֶּׁמֶן ׳סֹלֶת בּ Exod 29:40; Lev 2:5; Lev 14:10; Lev 14:21; Lev 23:13; Num 7:13; Num 7:19; Num 7:25; Num 7:31; Num 7:37; Num 7:43; Num 7:49; Num 7:55; Num 7:61; Num 7:67; Num 7:73; Num 7:79; Num 8:8; Num 15:4; Num 15:6; Num 15:9; Num 28:5; Num 28:9; Num 28:12 (twice in verse); Num 28:13; Num 28:20; Num 28:28; Num 29:3; Num 23:9; Num 23:14, ׳בשׁ ׳מנחה ב Lev 7:10 (opposed to חֲרֵבָה) Lev 9:4, ׳בשׁ ׳חַלּוֺת מַצּוֺת ב Exod 29:2; Lev 7:12 (twice in verse), i.e. made by mixing with oil; סלת ׳בשׁ ׳חלות מצות ב Lev 2:4, ׳בשׁ ׳סלת חלות ב Num 6:15, i.e. fine flour (in the form) of cakes so made. ַ™בּלֹּתִָּֽי בְּשֶׁמֶן רַעֲנָן Ps 92:11 I shall be (am) anointed with fresh oil AV RV; verb not elsewhere in this sense; ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Hup Che read בְּלֹתִי from בלה, infinitive construct suffix, abstract for concrete, my wasting = my wasting strength, of declining age; Israel under figure of old man; this however is not favoured by context. The passage is therefore doubtful. Hithpo`el Imperfect יִתְבּוֺלָ֑ל Hos 7:8 ׳אפרים בעמים הוא י Ephraim, among the peoples doth he mix himself; but Ew Now derive here from בלל = בלה (or נבל) waste away, compare Hiph`il Hiph`il Imperfect וַנָּ֫בֶל Isa 64:5 and we faded away, but read perhaps וַנִּכֹּל from נבל compare Di (De, less probably, derives from בלל — compare Ew Now Hos 7:8 — or בול = נבל).


BDB1140 H1101

BDB1139 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1141

II. [בָּלַל] verb denominative to give provender —

Qal Imperfect וַיָּ֑בָל Judg 19:21 Qr (Kt ויבול) followed by לְ give provender to the asses.

mingled, confound, anointed, mixed, provender, …
bālal
to overflow (specifically with oil.); by implication, to mix; to fodder
  • to mix, mingle, confuse, confound
    • (Qal)
      • to mingle, confuse
      • "to mix"to give provender, feed (animals)
      (Hithpoel) to mix oneself (among others)"(Hiphil) to fade away

בַ שֶּׁ֔מֶן
בַ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)
שֶּׁ֔מֶן
Root word oil, ointment, olive, ointments, oiled, …
Dictionary form: שֶׁמֶן · sheh-MEN

בַ
Hidden "the" בַ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "in the ___".

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: with oil
with oil ×42 oil ×39 of oil ×28 and oil ×13 the oil ×11 ointment ×6 and the oil ×4 and of oil ×3
More options
oil — Most common rendering; suits nearly every context.
olive oil — Clarifies source when commodity or culinary context is key.
ointment — Better for ritual or medicinal application on skin.
anointing oil — Prefer in priestly, consecration, or sacred-use contexts.
fat — Captures richness or abundance in figurative/poetic passages.
fatness — Poetic; conveys fertility or blessing of the land.

BDB8810 H8081

BDB8809 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8811

שֶׁ֫מֶן192 noun masculine 2Kgs 20:13 (on apparently feminine Song 1:3 compare AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 99, 106) fat, oil; — ׳שׁ absolute Gen 28:28 +, construct Lev 8:2 +; ׳שָׁ֑ 2Kgs 4:6 +; suffix שַׁמְנִי Hos 2:7 +, etc.; plural שְׁמָנִים Amos 6:6 +; suffix שְׁמָנֶיךָ Song 1:3, נַיִח- Song 4:10

1. fat, fatness: ׳קֶרֶן בֶּןשֿׁ Isa 5:1 (of fertile slope); plural גֵּיאשְֿׁמָנִים Isa 28:1; Isa 28:4 of food (in figurative) Isa 25:6 (twice in verse); literal כְּשָׂרִי כָּחַשׁ מִשָּׁ֑מֶן Ps 109:24 (compare צוֺם va), compare ׳מִפְּנֵי שׁ Isa 10:27 (in figurative, si vera lectio, meaning obscure; most now emend by conjecture; RSJPH xili (1885), 62 עָלָה מִצָּפוֺן שֹׁרֵד [see also II. חבל], joining to vIsa 10:28 Du Marti has gone up from Pene-Rimmon [??], compare Di-Kit).
2. a. oil, specifically olive-oil, as rich product Deut 8:8 + (see זַיִת); hence ׳עֵץ שׁ Isa 41:19 oil-tree, usually explained as wild olive, oleaster, so Neh 8:15 (|| וַיִת), ׳עֲצֵי שׁ oleaster-wood 1Kgs 6:23; 1Kgs 6:31; 1Kgs 6:32; 1Kgs 6:33 once הַמֹּר ׳שׁ Esth 2:2 (see מֹר p. 600:b; ׳מ also in holy anointing oil Exod 30:23).
  b. ׳שׁ as staple (codiment) Num 11:8 (J; see לשׁד), of value 1Kgs 17:12; 1Kgs 17:14; 1Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 2:4; 2Kgs 2:6; 2Kgs 2:7 + 4 t.; symbol of plenty Deut 32:13; Deut 33:24; Job 29:6 ascribed (fassely) to gift of Baals Hos 2:7 as royal treasure 2Kgs 20:13 = Isa 39:2, compare 1Kgs 5:25 (כָּ תִית ׳שׁ, see ׳כ) = 2Chr 2:9; 2Chr 2:14 + 3 t.; tribute Hos 12:2, article of trade Ezek 27:17 odoriferous Prov 27:9; Song 1:3; Song 4:10, רוֺקֵחַ ׳שׁ Eccl 10:1, so (figurative) Song 1:3; Eccl 7:1; Prov 27:16 is corrupt, see Toy; sign of luxury Ezek 16:13; Prov 21:17, of prosperity Ezek 16:20.
  c. ׳שׁ as medicament Isa 1:6 as unguent, for shield 2Sam 1:21, person Amos 6:6; Mic 6:15; Deut 28:40; Ezek 16:9 Esther; Ps 92:11; Ps 104:15, not for mourner 2Sam 14:2 on head token of happiness Eccl 9:8, of hospitality, ראֹשִׁי ׳דִּפַּנְתָּ בַּפֹּ Ps 23:5 (figurative), in simile Ps 133:2; Ps 141:5.
  d. for anointing king, ׳פַּח הַשּׂ 1Sam 10:1; 2Kgs 9:1; 2Kgs 9:3, compare v2Kgs 9:6, with קֶרֶן 1Sam 16:1; 1Sam 16:13; 1Kgs 1:39 compare קָדְשִׁי מְשַׁחְתִּיו ׳בְּשׁ Ps 89:21.
  e. in various figs., of joy שָׂשׂוֺן ׳שׁ Isa 61:3; Ps 45:8 soft words Ps 55:22; Prov 5:3 as penetrating Prov 109:18 as clear, transparent Ezek 32:14. feminine used in primitive worship, poured on stone Gen 28:18 (E), Gen 35:14 (J).
  g. in later ritual: for anointing priests, tabernacle, altar utensils, etc. (P), made of various ingred., וַיִת ׳שׁ among them, Exod 30:24, הַמִּשְׁתָה ׳שׁ Exod 25:6; Lev 8:2; Lev 8:10; Lev 8:12 + 11 t.; מִשְׁחַתקֹֿדֶשׁ ׳שׁ Exod 30:25 (twice in verse) + 2 t.; ׳י ׳מ ׳שׁ Lev 10:7, אֱםהָיו ׳מ ׳שׁ Lev 21:12 ׳הקּ ׳שׁ Num 35:25 ׳שׁ alone Lev 14:10 + 12 t. Lev 14 for lighting Exod 25:6 + 6 t. + זַיִת זָח כָּ חִית ׳שׁ Exod 27:20; Lev 24:2 (see כָּ תִית); poured upon מִנְחָה Lev 2:1 + 5 t., compare Lev 5:11; Num 5:15 smeared (see מָשַׁח) upon wafers Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4 +, and cakes (or mixed in the making? compare בָּלַל) Exod 29:2; Lev 2:4; Lev 2:5 +, so ׳סֹלֶת בַּשׁ Lev 2:7 etc. (c. 45 t. in all), ׳חַלַּת לֶחֶם שׁ Exod 29:23; Lev 8:26.
  h. for use in temple 1Chr 9:29.
  i. for תְּרוּמָה in Ezekiel's temple Ezek 45:14 (twice in verse) + 7 t. 45, 46.
  j. efficacy denied Mic 6:7
  k. offered to idols Isa 57:9; Ezek 16:18; Ezek 16:19; Ezek 23:41. — See MacalisterHast. DB OIL ARSKEncy. Bib. OIL.

oil, ointment, olive, ointments, oiled, …
šemen
grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness
  • fat, oil
    • fat, fatness
    • "oil, olive oil
      • as staple, medicament or unguent
      • "for anointing
      fat (of fruitful land, valleys) (metaphorically)

לַ כֶּ֖בֶשׂ
לַ
Prefix — preposition to, for + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)
כֶּ֖בֶשׂ
Root word lambs, lamb, sheep
Dictionary form: כֶּבֶשׂ · keh-BES

לַ
Hidden "the" לַ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "to the ___".

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: lamb
lambs ×43 lamb ×28 and for the lambs ×8 the lamb ×5 a lamb ×3 the lambs ×3 he lamb ×2 also the lambs ×1
More options
lamb — Most direct modern equivalent; singular base form.
young sheep — Clarifies age/size when audience may not know 'lamb'.
male lamb — Reflects the masculine gender of the lemma explicitly.
ram lamb — Technical/liturgical contexts specifying sex and youth.
sheep — Broader term; use when age distinction is less critical.

BDB3909 H3532

BDB3908 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3910

כֶּ֫בֶשׂ107 noun masculineExod 29:38 lamb (√ dubious: Late Hebrew id., battering-ram; Assyrian kabšu, lamb according to COTGloss; Arabic is ram, leader; Syriac lamb, with anom. , is very rare, and probably loan-word; in Frä109) — ׳כ absolute Exod 29:39 + 43 t.; plural כְּבָשִׂים vExod 29:38 + 61 t.; suffix כְּבָשַׂי Job 31:20

1. lamb, for sacrifice: Isa 1:11 of daily offering Exod 29:38; Exod 29:39 (twice in verse); Exod 29:40; Exod 29:41; Num 28:3; Num 28:4 (twice in verse) + 12 t. Num 28 sin-offering Lev 4:32 purification Lev 12:6; Lev 14:10 + 5 t. Lev 14 dedication of altar Num 7:15 + 25 t. Num 7 offerings in 7th month Num 29:2 + 22 t. Num 29, etc. (87 t. Exodus Leviticus Numbers all P); in Ezekiel's temple Ezek 46:4 + 6 t. Ezek 46; 1Chr 29:21; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 29:22; 2Chr 29:32; 2Chr 35:7; Ezra 8:35, compare simile Jer 11:19.
2. lambs, as grazing; symbol of devastation Isa 5:17 (compare GieBeitr. 1890), simile of Israel Hos 4:16 in predict. ׳וְגָר זְאֵב עִםכֿ Isa 11:6.
3. lambs, as furnishing wool for clothing: Job 31:20 ׳גֵּז כ, Prov 27:26 לִלְבוּשֶׁ֑ךָ ׳כ.

lambs, lamb, sheep
kebeś
a ram (just old enough to butt)
  • lamb, sheep, young ram

הָ ֽאֶחָ֑ד
הָ
Prefix — article the
ֽאֶחָ֑ד
Root word one, first, another, other, any, …
Dictionary form: אֶחָד · eh-HAWD

Adjective — Cardinal Number, masculine singular, absolute state a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: unto one
one ×324 and one ×64 a ×34 of one ×33 in one ×27 the one ×24 and the other ×21 of the one ×21
More options
one — Core cardinal number; the default choice in most contexts.
a — Indefinite article sense; use when אֶחָד functions as 'a/an'.
a single — Emphasizes unity or uniqueness; good for contrast or stress.
each — Distributive sense; use when individuality within a group is meant.
together — Collective or unified sense; suits phrases like 'as one body'.
once — Temporal sense; use when referring to a single occurrence or time.

BDB281 H259

BDB280 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB282

אֶחָד962 adjective number one (Phoenician אחד, Sabean id., compare DHMZMG 1876, 707, Arabic , Ethiopic Aramaic חַד, ; on Assyrian edu, a—adu, compare DlW No. 139) — absolute׳א Gen 1:5 + construct אַחַ֫ד Gen 21:15 +; so even before preposition 1Sam 9:3 and elsewhere see Dr; feminine absolute אַחַ֫ת Gen 2:21 +; אֶחָ֑ת Gen 11:1 +; construct אַחַ֫ת Deut 13:13 +; plural masculine אֲחָדִים Gen 11:1 + 4:t.; חַד Ezek 33:30 strike out Co compare ᵐ5; —

1. one Gen 1:9; Gen 27:38; Gen 27:45; Exod 12:49; Josh 23:10; 1Sam 1:24; 2Sam 12:3 +, Zech 14:9; Mal 2:10; Job 31:15 +, so also (emphatic) 2Sam 17:3 for ᵑ0 אֲשֶׁר ᵐ5 We Dr; one or two לֹא לְיוֺם אֶחָד וְלֹא לִשְׁנַיִם Ezra 10:13 as substantive followed by מִן Gen 2:21; Lev 4:2; Lev 4:13; Isa 34:16 +; ׳הָא Gen 19:9; Gen 42:13; Gen 42:32; 2Kgs 6:3; 2Kgs 6:5 +; one and the same Gen 40:5; Job 31:15 plural דְּבָרִים אֲחָדִים Gen 11:1 compare Ezek 37:17 (absolute), but see Co; = few, a few ׳יָמִים א Gen 27:44; Gen 29:20; Dan 11:20 כְּאִישׁ אֶחָד as one man, together Judg 20:8; 1Sam 11:7 also כְּאֶחָד late = Aramaic כַּחֲדָא Ezra 2:64 (= Neh 7:66) Ezra 3:9; Ezra 6:20; Eccl 11:6 see especially Isa 65:25 (|| earlier יַחְדֶּו Isa 11:6; Isa 11:7).
2. = each, every Exod 36:30; Num 7:3; Num 7:85; Num 28:21; 1Kgs 4:7; 2Kgs 15:20 +; also repeated, distributive sense Num 7:11; Num 13:2; Num 17:21; Josh 3:12; Josh 4:2; Josh 4:4.
3. = a certain 1Sam 1:1; 2Sam 18:10; 2Kgs 4:1; Esth 3:8 + compare 2Sam 17:9 see Dr 1Sam 1:1 hence
4. = indefinite article 1Sam 6:7; 1Sam 24:15; 1Sam 26:20 (but strike out ᵐ5 We Dr) 1Kgs 19:4; 1Kgs 19:5 +.
5. only 1Kgs 4:19 & (feminine) once 2Kgs 6:10; Ps 62:12; Ps 89:36 (once for all); אַחַת לְשָׁלוֺשׁ שָׁנִים 2Chr 9:21, בַּשָּׁנָה ׳א Lev 16:34 compare Job 40:5, פַּעַם אֶחָ֑ת Josh 6:3; Josh 6:11 compare vJosh 6:14, בְּאַחַת Num 10:4; Job 33:14 at once בְּאֶחָ֑ת Prov 28:18 compare וְאִנָּקְמֶה נְקַםאַֿחַת Judg 16:28.
**Num 10:4 בְּאַחַת is rather 'in one (of the trumpets)'; Job 33:14 it = in one way; Prov 28:18 read probably with ᵑ6 Lag Dy Bi בַּשָּׁ֑חַת; Judg 16:28 is rather 'vengeance for one of my two eyes' (see GFM). Jer 10:8 בְּאַחַת probably = in one, altogether. אחד.
6. one . . . another, the one . . . the other ׳֗֗֗ א ׳א Exod 17:12; Exod 18:3; Exod 18:4; Amos 4:7; 2Sam 12:1; Jer 24:2; 2Chr 3:17; Neh 4:11 +; 2Sam 14:6 read הָאֶחָד אֶתאָֿחִיו for האחד אתהֿאחד ᵐ5 We Dr; one after another, one by one, לְאַחַד אֶחָד Isa 27:12 compare Eccl 7:27.
7. as ordinal, first (mostly P & late) Gen 1:5 (P) Gen 2:11 (J) Exod 39:10 (P); absolute Job 42:14, Ezek 10:14 especially of first day of month Exod 40:2 (P) Ezra 3:6; Ezra 10:16; Ezra 10:17; Neh 8:2; Hag 1:1 first year, שְׁנַת אַחַת 2Chr 36:22; Ezra 1:1; Dan 1:21; Dan 9:1; Dan 9:2; Dan 11:1 compare first (day, יוֺם omitted) Gen 8:5; Gen 8:13 בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ; so Exod 40:17; Lev 23:24; Num 1:18; Num 29:1; Num 33:38 (all P) Deut 1:3; 2Chr 29:17; Ezra 7:9 (twice in verse); Ezek 26:1; Ezek 29:17; Ezek 31:1; Ezek 32:1; Ezek 45:18.
8. in combin.,
  a. אַחַד עָשָׂר eleven (compare עָשָׂר, עַשְׁתֵּי) Gen 32:23; Gen 37:9 (JE) Deut 1:2 so אַחַתעֶֿשְׂרֵה Josh 15:51 (P) 2Kgs 23:36; 2Kgs 24:18; 2Chr 36:5; 2Chr 36:11; Jer 52:1 (precedes noun, except Josh 15:51 as ordinal, eleventh אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה Ezek 30:20; Ezek 31:1 compare 1Kgs 6:38; 2Kgs 9:29
  b. with other numerals, as cardinal אֶחָד וְאַרְבָּעִים אֶלֶף וַחֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֺת Num 1:41 compare Num 2:16; Num 2:28; Num 31:34; Num 31:39 (all P; ׳א precedes other numeral); but אַרְבָּיִם וְאַחַת שָׁנָה (׳א following) 1Kgs 14:21; 1Kgs 15:10; 2Kgs 14:23; 2Chr 12:13 compare 2Kgs 22:1 = 2Chr 34:1; 2Kgs 24:18 = Jer 52:1 = 2Chr 36:11; Josh 12:24 (D) Isa 30:17; Ezra 2:26 = Neh 7:30 compare vNeh 7:37; Dan 10:13 as ordinal בְּאַחַת וְשֵׁשׁ מֵאוֺת שָׁנָה Gen 8:13 (P) Exod 12:18 (P), 1Chr 24:17; 1Chr 25:28; 2Chr 16:13 (׳א preceding); but 1Kgs 16:23; Hag 2:1 (׳א following).


BDB9284 H259

BDB9283 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9285

אחד (√ of following; see Biblical Hebrew אֶחָד.


BDB9285 H259

BDB9284 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9286

חַד adjective one, a; — masculine singular ׳ח Dan 2:31+; feminine singular חֲדָה Ezra 4:8 +; —

1. one side Dan 7:5 noun omitted Dan 6:3 חֲדָה Dan 2:9 = one and invariable (inevitable); כַּחֲדָה vDan 2:35 as one, altogether (so S-CK 3 ᵑ7, and late Biblical Hebrew כְּאֶחָד Ezra 2:64 +); = ordinal, שְׁנַת חֲדָה first year Ezra 7:1; Ezra 5:13; Ezra 6:3 ׳ח = a certain one (τινὰ) Dan 7:16 (with מִן partitive).
2. a (indefinite article) with substantive Dan 2:31; Dan 6:18; Dan 4:16 (see שָׁעָה), Ezra 4:8; Ezra 6:2, חַד שִׁדְעָךְ Dan 3:19 = seven-fold (as Syriac: § 241 PS 1194; compare Exod 16:5 ᵑ6), see K§ 66, 2.

one, first, another, other, any, …
ʾeḥād
properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first
  • one (number)
    • one (number)
    • "each, every"a certain"an (indefinite article)"only, once, once for all"one...another, the one...the other, one after another, one by one"first"eleven (in combination), eleventh (ordinal)

עֹלָה֙
עֹלָה֙
Root word offering, offerings, sacrifice, sacrifices, up, …
Dictionary form: עֹלָה · oh-LAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: for a burnt offering
burnt offerings ×39 for a burnt offering ×39 the burnt offering ×33 burnt offering ×28 a burnt offering ×18 of the burnt offering ×15 of burnt offering ×11 the burnt offerings ×8
More options
burnt offering — Most direct modern equivalent; standard scholarly and liturgical term.
whole burnt offering — Emphasizes that the entire animal is consumed.
fire offering — Highlights the sacrificial method; accessible to general readers.
ascending offering — Reflects the literal Hebrew root; smoke 'goes up' to God.
holocaust — Technical/academic term from Greek; use only in scholarly contexts.
whole sacrifice — Broad, non-technical; suits narrative prose over ritual law.

BDB6072 H5930

BDB6071 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6073

I. עֹלָה286 noun feminine whole burnt-offering (that which goes up ( √ 6) to heaven (al. on altar)); — ׳ע Gen 22:3 + 141 t.; עוֺלָה Num 28:37 + 33 t.; construct עֹלַת Exod 29:42 + 27 t., עוֺלַת Num 28:24 + 2 t.; suffix עוֺלָֽתְךּ Ps 20:4, etc.; plural עֹלוֺת Josh 8:31 + 42 t., עֹלֹת Gen 8:20 + 3 t.; עוֺלֹת Deut 27:6, עוֺלוֺת Amos 5:22 +; suffix עֹלוֺתֵיבֶם Jer 6:20 +, etc.; — the whole burnt-offering (beast or fowl) is entirely consumed and goes up i the flame of the altar to God expressing the ascent of the soul in worship. All of the victim is laid on the altar except the hide and such parts as could not be washed clean. If beast the ׳ע must be a male without blemish Lev 1:3; Lev 1:10; Lev 22:18; Lev 22:19, of herd or flock; if of flock, either sheep or goad; if fowl, either turtle-dove or young pigeon Lev 1:14, the latter usually offered by the poor Lev 5:7; Lev 12:8; Lev 14:22; Lev 15:14; Lev 15:15; Lev 15:29; Lev 15:30; Num 6:10; Num 6:11. A lamb was offered by individuals Lev 12:6; Num 6:14, and by the nation at the עֹמֶר offering Lev 23:12, and daily at the עֹלַת הַכֹּקֶר Lev 9:17; Num 28:23; 2Kgs 16:15; Ezek 46:13, and at morning and evening עלח תמיד Num 28:3, (הַ)תָּמִיד עֹלַת Exod 29:42; Num 28:6; Num 28:10; Num 28:15; Num 28:23; Num 28:24; Num 28:31; Num 29:6; Num 29:11; Num 29:16; Num 29:19; Num 29:22; Num 29:25; Num 29:28; Num 29:31; Num 29:34; Num 29:38; Ezra 3:5 Neh Neh 10:34; Ezek 46:13. These were doubled at the עֹלַת שַׁכָּת Num 28:10. A ram was offered by Aaron and his sons Exod 29:28; Lev 8:18; Lev 9:2; Lev 16:3; Lev 16:5 but a young bullock was of greater value Num 15:8; Num 15:24; 2Sam 24:22 = 1Chr 21:23, at consecration of Levites Num 8:12, socalves Mic 6:6 on great occasions bullocks + rams Num 23:1-6; Num 23:14; Num 23:15, bullocks + rams + lambs Isa 1:11 one of each kind offered by tribal chiefs Num 7:15; Num 7:21; Num 7:27; Num 7:33; Num 7:39; Num 7:45; Num 7:51; Num 7:57; Num 7:63; Num 7:69; Num 7:75; Num 7:81; Num 7:87. In ritual of עֹלַת (ה)חֹדֶשׁ Num 28:14; Num 29:6 and at מצּות and Pentecost 2 bullocks, 1 ram, and 7 lambs were added to daily offering Num 28:11; Num 28:19; Num 28:27 at offering of new bread at Pentecost 1 bullock, 2 rams, and 7 lambs Lev 23:18 on the 1st and 10th of the 7th month and at עצרת 1 bullock, 1 ram, and 7 lambs, in addition to the offerings of new moon Num 29:2; Num 29:8; Num 29:36 the system culminated in 70 bullocks, 14 rams, 98 lambs for the 7 days of Tabernacles Num 29:13 ff. Acc to Ezek. the prince was to offer on each of 7 days of מצות 7 bullocks and 7 rams Ezek 45:23, and on Sabbath 6 lambs and 1 ram Ezek 46:4. At the reconsecration of temple 70 bullocks, 100 rams, and 200 lambs were offered 2Chr 29:32, and at the return of exiles 12 bullocks, 96 rams, and 77 lambs Ezra 8:35. In early times whole burnt-offerings of children were sometimes made, e.g. Jephthah's daughter Judg 11:31 Isaac proposed as, Gen 22:2 but ram substituted vGen 22:13 made to other gods 2Kgs 3:27; Jer 19:5 +. The ׳ע was anciently made on any altar used for worship, but in P confined to מִזְבַּח הָעֹלָה Exod 30:28; Exod 31:9; Exod 35:16; Exod 38:1; Exod 40:6; Exod 40:10; Exod 40:29; Lev 4:7; Lev 4:10; Lev 4:18; Lev 4:25 (twice in verse); Lev 4:30; Lev 4:34; 1Chr 6:40; 1Chr 21:26; 1Chr 21:29; 1Chr 2:18 (not in other literature); מזבח לעלה Josh 22:29; 1Chr 22:1. The offerer imposed his hands on head of animal, then slaughtered it Lev 1:4; Lev 1:5 ׳שׁחט ע Lev 4:24; Lev 4:33; Lev 6:8; Lev 7:2; Lev 9:12; Lev 14:13; Lev 14:19; Lev 14:31; Ezek 40:39; Ezek 40:42; Ezek 44:11, and flayed it ׳הַפְשִׁיט ע Lev 1:6; 2Chr 29:34. The priest washed the pieces Ezek 40:38 arranged them on the altar above the wood Lev 6:5 the fire devoured them vLev 6:2-6; Lev 9:24; 1Kgs 18:38; 2Chr 7:1, they went up in the flame (ל) ריח ניחח ליהוה Lev 1:9; Lev 1:13; Lev 1:17; Lev 8:21; Num 28:13 לְרָצוֺן, according to character of offerer Isa 56:7; Jer 6:20 see also Ps 20:4; Ps 40:7; Ps 51:18; 1Sam 15:22.Phrases: ׳העלה ע Gen 8:20; Exod 32:6 (J) Exod 24:5 (E) Exod 30:9; Exod 40:29; Lev 14:20; Lev 17:8 (P) Deut 12:13; Deut 12:14; Deut 27:6; Josh 8:31; Josh 22:23; Judg 6:26; Judg 20:26; Judg 21:4; 1Sam 6:14; 1Sam 6:15; 1Sam 7:9; 1Sam 7:10; 1Sam 10:8; 1Sam 13:9; 1Sam 13:10; 1Sam 13:12; 2Sam 6:17; 2Sam 6:18; 2Sam 24:24; 2Sam 24:25; 1Kgs 3:4; 1Kgs 3:15; 1Kgs 9:25; 1Kgs 10:5; 2Kgs 3:27; 1Chr 16:2; 1Chr 16:40; 1Chr 21:24; 1Chr 21:26; 1Chr 23:31; 1Chr 29:21; 2Chr 1:6; 2Chr 8:12; 2Chr 9:4; 2Chr 23:18; 2Chr 24:14; 2Chr 29:7; 2Chr 29:27; 2Chr 35:14; 2Chr 35:16; Ezra 3:2; Ezra 3:3; Ezra 3:6; Job 1:5; Job 42:8; Ps 66:15; Jer 14:12; Jer 33:18; Ezek 43:18; Ezek 43:24; Amos 5:22 (compare העלה 9); ׳זבח ע Exod 20:24 (E); ׳עשׂה לע Lev 23:12; Num 6:11; Num 15:24; Num 29:39 ׳עָשָׂה ע Lev 5:10; Lev 9:7; Lev 9:22; Lev 15:15; Lev 15:30; Lev 16:24 (twice in verse); Num 6:16; Num 8:12; Num 15:3; Num 15:8; Num 29:2; Deut 12:27; Judg 13:16; 1Kgs 8:64; 2Kgs 5:17; 2Kgs 10:24; 2Kgs 10:25; 2Chr 7:7; Ezek 43:27; Ezek 45:17; Ezek 45:23; Ezek 46:2; Ezek 46:12 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:13 ׳הִקְרִיב ע Lev 7:8; Lev 9:16; Lev 10:19; Lev 23:37; Num 28:3; Num 28:11; Num 28:19; Num 28:27; Num 29:8; Num 29:13; Num 29:36; 1Chr 16:1; Ezra 8:35; Ezek 46:4 ׳הקריב לע Lev 22:18; Num 6:14 ׳הביא ע Deut 12:6; Deut 12:11; 2Chr 29:31; 2Chr 29:32; 2Chr 30:15; Isa 43:23; Jer 17:26 ׳הקטְיר ע 2Kgs 16:13; 2Kgs 16:15; 2Chr 13:11. — עֹלָתָה, עוֺלוֺת see also עַוְלָה below I. עוּל.


BDB6073 H5930

BDB6072 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6074

II. [עֹלָה] noun feminine ascent, stairway, עלותו Ezek 40:26 Kt, עֹלוֺתָיו Qr; read probably מַעֲלָתוֺ (ᵐ5 Co SS לוֺ, Toy עֹלָתוֺ).

offering, offerings, sacrifice, sacrifices, up, …
ʿōlâ
a step or (collectively, stairs, as ascending); usually a holocaust (as going up in smoke)
  • whole burnt offering
  • "ascent, stairway, steps

רֵ֣יחַ
רֵ֣יחַ
Root word savour, smell, scent
Dictionary form: רֵיחַ · RAY-ah

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: savour
savour ×42 and the smell ×3 the smell ×2 a good smell ×1 a smell ×1 and his smell ×1 because of the savour ×1 in him and his scent ×1
More options
aroma — Broad, natural modern term; works for pleasant or ritual contexts.
fragrance — Prefer for pleasing or sacred scents, e.g. offerings.
smell — Neutral, everyday register; suits neutral or unpleasant contexts.
scent — Slightly refined; good for poetic or nature imagery.
odor — Useful when the smell is unpleasant or morally negative.
savor — Modernized KJV form; retain when flavor-like richness is implied.

BDB7798 H7381

BDB7797 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7799

רֵיחַ58 noun masculineJer 48:11 scent, odour (properly breath); — absolute Song 2:13 +, usually construct Gen 8:21 +; suffix רֵיחוֺ Jer 48:11; Song 1:12, רֵיחֵנוּ Exod 5:21

1. scent, odour, of plants and fields Gen 27:27 (JE) Song 1:12; Song 2:3; Song 4:11; Song 7:14; Hos 14:7, of ointments Song 1:3; Song 4:10, of person and garments Gen 27:27 (twice in verse) (JE) Song 4:11; Song 7:9 of water Job 14:9 figurative of influence, reputation Exod 5:21 (J) Jer 48:11.
2. technical term, רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ odour of soothing (to God), tranquillizing odour (of ascending sacrifices, see נִיחֹחַ) Gen 8:21 (J), elsewhere Ezek 6:13; Ezek 16:19; Ezek 20:28; Ezek 20:41 and P: Exod 29:18; Exod 29:25; Exod 29:41; Lev 1:9 + 16 t. Leviticus; Num 15:3 + 17 t. Numbers.


BDB9892 H7307 H7381

BDB9891 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9893

רוח (√ of following; see Biblical Hebrew id., רוּח, רֵיחַ).

savour, smell, scent
rêaḥ
odor (as if blown)
  • scent, fragrance, aroma, odor
    • scent, odor
    • "odor of soothing (technical term for sacrifice to God)

נִיחֹ֔חַ
נִיחֹ֔חַ
Root word sweet, odours
Dictionary form: נִיחוֹחַ · nee-HOH-ah

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of a sweet
for a sweet ×19 of a sweet ×14 a sweet ×2 it is a sweet ×1 of sweet ×1 of your sweet odours ×1 sweet ×1 their sweet ×1
More options
pleasing aroma — Most natural modern rendering; fits liturgical and narrative contexts.
soothing fragrance — Emphasizes the calming, appeasing quality of the scent.
pleasant smell — Plain, everyday register; good for accessible translations.
fragrant offering — Useful when the cultic/sacrificial context is in view.
sweet scent — Concise; moderately contemporary, avoids 'odour'.
appeasing odor — Highlights theological nuance of divine appeasement; more formal.

BDB5053 H5207

BDB5052 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5054

נִיחֹחַ and (Lev 1:9) נִיחוֺחַ43 noun [masculine] a quieting, soothing, tranquillizing (compare I. נַחַת Job 36:16) (ריח ניחח also on formative see 0l§ 187 b) Sta§ 233 BaNB § 142 ii. 1, 151. 489, where, after PhilippiBas ii. 362, יִ֯ explanation as dissimilation from וֺ); — absolute ׳נ Gen 8:21 +; suffix נִיחֹתִי Num 28:2, נִיחֹחֲכֶם Lev 26:31, נִיחוֺחֵיהֶם Ezek 20:28a soothing, tranquillizing, only in phrase ׳רֵיח נ = soothing, tranquillizing odour of sacrifices acceptable to ׳י Gen 8:21 (J), Exod 29:18; Exod 29:25; Exod 29:41; Lev 1:9; Lev 1:13; Lev 1:17 + 32 t. P. Ezek 20:41 of sacrifice to idols Ezek 6:13; Ezek 16:19; Ezek 20:28.


BDB9707 H5208 H5207

BDB9706 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9708

[נִרחוֺךְַ] noun [masculine] soothing, tranquillizing (probably Hebraism, see Biblical Hebrew id., √ נוּחַ (√ also ᵑ7 Syriac)); — plural נִיח(וֺ)חִין Ezra 6:10; Dan 2:46 i.e. soothing offerings.

sweet, odours
nîḥôaḥ
properly, restful, i.e., pleasant; abstractly, delight
  • soothing, quieting, tranquillising

אִשֶּׁ֖ה
אִשֶּׁ֖ה
Root word fire, offerings, sacrifices, offering
Dictionary form: אִשָּׁה · ish-SHAW

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: a sacrifice made by fire
an offering made by fire ×17 a sacrifice made by fire ×7 the offerings ×4 the offerings made by fire ×4 even an offering made by fire ×3 for an offering made by fire ×3 of the offerings ×3 an offering by fire ×2
More options
fire offering — Most concise modern equivalent; broadly applicable.
burnt offering — Emphasizes complete consumption by fire on the altar.
food offering — Preferred when the offering's purpose as divine food is in view.
sacrifice by fire — Useful when ritual act of burning needs to be explicit.
offering made by fire — More descriptive; good for didactic or liturgical contexts.
gift by fire — Highlights the dedicatory, gift-giving nuance to God.

BDB795 H801

BDB794 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB796

אִשֶּׁה noun masculineJosh 13:14 an offering made by fire (> Wetzst in DePsalmen, ed. 4, 889 derive from √ II. אנשׁ, means to friendly relations between God & man; compare LagBN 190) Exod 29:18 + 32 t.; construct אִשֵּׁה Lev 1:9 + 14 t.; plural construct אִשֵּׁי Lev 4:35 + 15 t.; suffix אִשַּׁי Num 28:2, אִשָּׁ֑י Lev 6:10 used chiefly of offerings of animals, but also of the מִנְחָה Lev 2:11, and of the sacred bread and frankincense Lev 24:7; Lev 24:9 which was placed on the table as a memorial, and finally went to the priests. The word is used in Deut 18:1; Josh 13:14 (D) 1Sam 2:28 elsewhere in P Lev 6:10; Lev 10:15; Lev 22:22; , especially in phrases אִשֵּׁי יהוה Lev 2:3 + 11 t., אִשֵּׁה רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ ליהוה Lev 1:9 + 14 t., ריח ניחח אשׁה ליהוה Exod 29:18 + 6 t., אשׁה ליהוה ריח ניחח Lev 23:13, אשׁה לריח ניחח Lev 3:16; Num 18:17, אשׁה (הוא) ליהוה Exod 29:25; Lev 2:16 אִשֶּׁה ליהוה accusative after verbs of offering Exod 30:20 + 14 t., אִשֶּׁה עֹלָה ליהוה Num 28:19, קָרְבָּן אִשֶּׁהליהוה Lev 22:27; Num 15:25.

fire, offerings, sacrifices, offering
ʾiššâ
properly, a burnt-offering; but occasionally of any sacrifice
  • burnt-offering, offering made by fire, fire offering

לַ ֽיהוָֽה
לַ
Prefix — preposition to, for
ֽיהוָֽה
Root word a name — transliterate it ("Unto the lord")
Dictionary form: יְהֹוָה · yeh-hoh-WAW

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: unto the lord
the lord ×2811 of the lord ×1522 and the lord ×457 unto the lord ×342 o lord ×222 am the lord ×158 lord ×67 to the lord ×60
More options
the LORD — Standard modern Bible convention; small-caps signal the divine name.
YHWH — Preserves the Hebrew tetragrammaton; used in scholarly translations.
Yahweh — Reconstructed pronunciation; preferred in academic and some modern versions.
the Lord — General rendering when small-caps convention is unavailable.
God — Use only where context clearly equates YHWH with generic deity.
the Eternal — Captures timeless-existence nuance; used in some progressive translations.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

BDB2099 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2101

יהוהc. 6823 i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺהC518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה305 (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philode Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare § 88). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see LagSym i.14 BaudStudien i.179 ff.; DrStud.Bib.i.1 ff. For Jeve see StaZAW 1881, 346 Deib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.
2. on literature of interpretations see NesEg.67 Drl.c. — Many recent scholars explain יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, NesEg.88 (but NesEg.91 inclines to Qal as RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RSOTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245, compare WeSkizzen iii.175; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, StaG.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RSBrit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ewinfr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Drl.c.17)).
**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by BauRel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230); DlPa 162 ff. claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kuenational Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.) JastrJBL xiil {1894}, 103 f. compare HptBAS i. 170 N; DlBabel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f. makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially HirschZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff. ZimKATS. 465 ff.; SpiegelbZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff. proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in KöEB NAMES, § 112 and n.3. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to SchwThLZ, 1905, col. 612.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare EwBTh ii. 337, 338 RSl.c., Proph. 385 ff. Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc LagPsalt.Hieron.156); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich WeJD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI18. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b DlPa 158 ff. DrStud. Bib. i. 7 ff.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
  a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D2); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
  b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D2 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
  c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D2 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
  d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
  e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
  g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
  h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by RP as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.
2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
  a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
  b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
  c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
  d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.
3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — BonkZAW 1891, 126 ff. seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.


BDB3475 H3068

BDB3474 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3476

׳יְהוֺ proper name compounded with, see below יהוה above.


BDB3483 H3068 H3069

BDB3482 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3484

יהוה proper name, of deity, see below הוה.


BDB3489 H3068 H3097

BDB3488 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3490

׳יו = ׳יְהוֺ proper name compounded with, see below יהוה above: — namely יוֺאָב, יוֺאָח, יוֺאָחָז, יוֺאֵל, יוֺאָשׁ, יוֺיָכִין, יוֺיָקִים, יוֺיָרִיב, יוֺעֵד, יוֺעָשׁ, יוֺקִים, יוֺרָם, יוֺתָם, etc.

lord, lords, god, jehovah, jehovah-jireh, …
yĕhōwâ
the existing One
(the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God
  • the proper name of the one true God
    • unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of H0136

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וְעִשָּׂרֹ֣ן עִשָּׂר֗וֹן Revia — a lesser break סֹ֤לֶת מִנְחָה֙ Pashta — a lesser break בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשֶּׁ֔מֶן Zaqef Qatan — a strong break לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ Tipeha — a lesser break הָֽאֶחָ֑ד Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here עֹלָה֙ Pashta — a lesser break רֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ Zaqef Qatan — a strong break אִשֶּׁ֖ה Tipeha — a lesser break לַֽיהוָֽה Silluq — end of the verse

וְעִשָּׂרֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן סֹלֶת מִנְחָה בְּלוּלָה בַשֶּׁמֶן לַכֶּבֶשׂ הָֽאֶחָד עֹלָה רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ אִשֶּׁה לַֽיהוָֽה׃
13
And a several tenth deal of flour mingled with oil for a meat offering unto one lamb; for a burnt offering of a sweet savour, a sacrifice made by fire unto the LORD.