Numbers 28:7

וְנִסְכּוֹ֙ רְבִיעִ֣ת הַהִ֔ין לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָֽאֶחָ֑ד בַּקֹּ֗דֶשׁ הַסֵּ֛ךְ נֶ֥סֶךְ שֵׁכָ֖ר לַֽיהוָֽה

And the drink offering thereof shall be the fourth part of an hin for the one lamb: in the holy place shalt thou cause the strong wine to be poured unto the LORD for a drink offering.

Connections

Exodus 29:42

עֹלַת תָּמִיד לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם פֶּתַח אֹֽהֶל-מוֹעֵד לִפְנֵי יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר אִוָּעֵד לָכֶם שָׁמָּה לְדַבֵּר אֵלֶיךָ שָֽׁם׃

This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD: where I will meet you, to speak there unto thee.

Joel 1:9

הָכְרַת מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ מִבֵּית יְהוָה אָֽבְלוּ הַכֹּהֲנִים מְשָׁרְתֵי יְהוָֽה׃

The meat offering and the drink offering is cut off from the house of the LORD; the priests, the LORD's ministers, mourn.

Numbers 15:10

וְיַיִן תַּקְרִיב לַנֶּסֶךְ חֲצִי הַהִין אִשֵּׁה רֵֽיחַ-נִיחֹחַ לַֽיהוָֽה׃

And thou shalt bring for a drink offering half an hin of wine, for an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD.

Leviticus 23:13

וּמִנְחָתוֹ שְׁנֵי עֶשְׂרֹנִים סֹלֶת בְּלוּלָה בַשֶּׁמֶן אִשֶּׁה לַֽיהוָה רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ וְנִסְכֹּה יַיִן רְבִיעִת הַהִֽין׃

And the meat offering thereof shall be two tenth deals of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by fire unto the LORD for a sweet savour: and the drink offering thereof shall be of wine, the fourth part of an hin.

Isaiah 57:6

בְּחַלְּקֵי-נַחַל חֶלְקֵךְ הֵם הֵם גּוֹרָלֵךְ גַּם-לָהֶם שָׁפַכְתְּ נֶסֶךְ הֶעֱלִית מִנְחָה הַעַל אֵלֶּה אֶנָּחֵֽם׃

Among the smooth stones of the stream is thy portion; they, they are thy lot: even to them hast thou poured a drink offering, thou hast offered a meat offering. Should I receive comfort in these?

Joel 1:13

חִגְרוּ וְסִפְדוּ הַכֹּהֲנִים הֵילִילוּ מְשָׁרְתֵי מִזְבֵּחַ בֹּאוּ לִינוּ בַשַּׂקִּים מְשָׁרְתֵי אֱלֹהָי כִּי נִמְנַע מִבֵּית אֱלֹהֵיכֶם מִנְחָה וָנָֽסֶךְ׃

Gird yourselves, and lament, ye priests: howl, ye ministers of the altar: come, lie all night in sackcloth, ye ministers of my God: for the meat offering and the drink offering is withholden from the house of your God.

Numbers 28:31

מִלְּבַד עֹלַת הַתָּמִיד וּמִנְחָתוֹ תַּֽעֲשׂוּ תְּמִימִם יִֽהְיוּ-לָכֶם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶֽם׃

Ye shall offer them beside the continual burnt offering, and his meat offering, (they shall be unto you without blemish) and their drink offerings.

Numbers 15:7

וְיַיִן לַנֶּסֶךְ שְׁלִשִׁית הַהִין תַּקְרִיב רֵֽיחַ-נִיחֹחַ לַֽיהוָֽה׃

And for a drink offering thou shalt offer the third part of an hin of wine, for a sweet savour unto the LORD.

Joel 2:14

מִי יוֹדֵעַ יָשׁוּב וְנִחָם וְהִשְׁאִיר אַֽחֲרָיו בְּרָכָה מִנְחָה וָנֶסֶךְ לַיהוָה אֱלֹהֵיכֶֽם׃

Who knoweth if he will return and repent, and leave a blessing behind him; even a meat offering and a drink offering unto the LORD your God?

Numbers 28:14

וְנִסְכֵּיהֶם חֲצִי הַהִין יִֽהְיֶה לַפָּר וּשְׁלִישִׁת הַהִין לָאַיִל וּרְבִיעִת הַהִין לַכֶּבֶשׂ יָיִן זֹאת עֹלַת חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֹ לְחָדְשֵׁי הַשָּׁנָֽה׃

And their drink offerings shall be half an hin of wine unto a bullock, and the third part of an hin unto a ram, and a fourth part of an hin unto a lamb: this is the burnt offering of every month throughout the months of the year.

Numbers 15:5

וְיַיִן לַנֶּסֶךְ רְבִיעִית הַהִין תַּֽעֲשֶׂה עַל-הָֽעֹלָה אוֹ לַזָּבַח לַכֶּבֶשׂ הָֽאֶחָֽד׃

And the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering shalt thou prepare with the burnt offering or sacrifice, for one lamb.

Exodus 30:9

לֹֽא-תַעֲלוּ עָלָיו קְטֹרֶת זָרָה וְעֹלָה וּמִנְחָה וְנֵסֶךְ לֹא תִסְּכוּ עָלָֽיו׃

Ye shall offer no strange incense thereon, nor burnt sacrifice, nor meat offering; neither shall ye pour drink offering thereon.

Exodus 29:40

וְעִשָּׂרֹן סֹלֶת בָּלוּל בְּשֶׁמֶן כָּתִית רֶבַע הַהִין וְנֵסֶךְ רְבִיעִת הַהִין יָיִן לַכֶּבֶשׂ הָֽאֶחָֽד׃

And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering.

Philippians 2:17

ἀλλ' εἰ καὶ σπένδομαι ἐπὶ τῇ θυσίᾳ καὶ λειτουργίᾳ τῆς πίστεως ὑμῶν χαίρω καὶ συγχαίρω πᾶσιν ὑμῖν·

Yea, and if I be offered upon the sacrifice and service of your faith, I joy, and rejoice with you all.

Copy verses

Numbers 28:7

Text only

Niqqud

Cantillation

Masoretic Phrasing

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.

וְנִסְכּוֹ֙ Pashta — a lesser break רְבִיעִ֣ת הַהִ֔ין Zaqef Qatan — a strong break לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ Tipeha — a lesser break הָֽאֶחָ֑ד Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here בַּקֹּ֗דֶשׁ Revia — a lesser break הַסֵּ֛ךְ Tevir — a lesser break נֶ֥סֶךְ שֵׁכָ֖ר Tipeha — a lesser break לַֽיהוָֽה Silluq — end of the verse

Search every verse

Word Parts

וְ נִסְכּ וֹ֙

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

נִסְכּ

Root word offerings, offering, image, images, cover

וֹ֙

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: נֶסֶךְ · neh-SEK

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Ncmsc/Sp3ms

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

וְ	Speech Conjunction
נִסְכּ	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct
וֹ	Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular

In English

In the KJV here: and the drink offering

and their drink offerings ×13 and his drink offering ×12 drink offerings ×8 and the drink offering ×4 for a drink offering ×4 a drink offering ×2 and drink offerings ×2 his molten image ×2

More options

drink offering — Most common sense; liquid poured out in ritual.

libation — Formal/liturgical register; precise technical term for liquid offering.

liquid offering — Plain descriptive alternative when audience is non-specialist.

poured offering — Emphasizes the act of pouring; good for narrative contexts.

cast image — Use only for the 'molten idol' sense; distinct cultic meaning.

idol — Broadest term for the image sense; accessible to general readers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5232 H5262

נֶ֫סֶךְ noun masculine drink-offering; — absolute ׳נ Gen 35:14 + 6 t.; נֵ֫סֶךְ Exod 29:40; Exod 30:9; Ezek 45:17 נָ֑סֶךְ Num 4:7; Joel 1:13 construct נֶסֶךְ Num 28:7 suffix נִסְכִּי Isa 48:5, etc.; plural נְסָכִים Jer 7:18 + 9 t.; suffix נְסָכֶיהָ Num 29:31, נִסְכֵּיכֶם vNum 29:39, etc.; —

1. drink-offering, with עַל (on Jacob's מַצֵּבָה at Bethel) Gen 35:14 (E); elsewhere in worship of ׳י only P and related documents; once of vessels of holy table קְשׂוֺת הַנָּ֑סֶךְ Num 4:7 elsewhere in classifications Lev 23:37; Num 29:39, usually offered with the עלה Exod 29:40; Exod 23:18; Exod 15:7; Exod 15:10; Exod 15:24; Exod 28:7; Exod 28:14; Exod 28:31; Exod 29:18; Exod 28:21; Exod 28:24; Exod 28:27; Exod 28:30; Exod 28:33; Num 28:37, especially עוֺלַת הַתָּמִיד Num 28:9; Num 28:10; Num 28:15; Num 28:24; Num 29:6; Num 29:11; Num 29:16; Num 29:19; Num 29:22; Num 29:25; Num 29:28; Num 29:31; Num 29:34; Num 29:38 מִנְחַת הַבֹּקֶר Exod 29:41; Num 28:8 but sometimes also with (שׁלמים) זבח Num 6:15; Num 6:17; Num 15:15; Num 15:10 usually + מִנְחָה; elsewhere only 1Chr 29:21; 2Chr 29:35; Ezek 45:17 מִנְחָה ׳וָנ Joel 1:9; Joel 1:13; Joel 2:14. Offered to other gods 2Kgs 16:13; 2Kgs 16:15; Isa 57:6; Jer 7:18; Jer 19:13; Jer 32:29; Jer 44:17; Jer 44:18; Jer 44:19 (twice in verse); Jer 44:25; Ezek 20:28; Ps 16:4.

2. molten images, Isa 41:29; Isa 48:5; Jer 10:14; Jer 51:17. — Combinations are: ׳נָסַךְ נ, ׳הִסִּיךְ נ (see verb); ׳שָׁפַךְ נ Isa 57:6.

BDB9712 H5261 H5262

[נְסַךְ] noun [masculine] drink-offering (ᵑ7 Syriac; compare Biblical Hebrew); — plural suffix נִסְכֵּיהוֺן Ezra 7:17 (+ מִנְחָֽתְהוֺן, etc.).

נסק see סלק.

Strong's Definition H5262

offerings, offering, image, images, cover

nesek

a libation; also a cast idol

drink offering, libation, molten image, something poured out

drink offering

Variations 27 forms of this word

Translations 25 English renderings

Drink Offering Offerings

Search every verse

Word Parts

רְבִיעִ֣ת

Root word fourth, part, foursquare

Dictionary form: רְבִיעִי · reh-bee-EE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Aofsc

Adjective — Ordinal Number, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word; an ordinal (first, second, …)

רְבִיעִת

Speech Adjective Type Ordinal Number Gender Feminine Number Singular State Construct

In English

In the KJV here: thereof shall be the fourth

the fourth ×16 in the fourth ×11 and the fourth ×8 and in the fourth ×2 and on the fourth ×2 of the fourth ×2 on the fourth ×2 with the fourth ×2

More options

fourth — Default ordinal; fits nearly every context.

fourth part — Use when expressing a fractional portion or share.

quarter — Natural modern noun for one of four equal portions.

fourth-generation — Use when describing generational descent or lineage.

quaternary — Technical/formal register; rare but precise in scholarly prose.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB7724 H7243

רְבִיעִי masculine, רְבִיעִית feminine, adjective ordinal number fourth; —

masculine רְבִיעִי Gen 2:14 + 29 t., רְבִעִי 1Chr 24:8; 1Chr 26:11 plural רְבִיעִים 2Kgs 15:12, רְבִעִים 2Kgs 10:30 feminine absolute רְבִיעִית 1Kgs 6:1 + 3 t., רְבִיעִת Lev 19:29, רְבִעִית 1Kgs 6:37 + 6 t. + 1Kgs 6:33 (see below); construct רְבִיעִית Num 15:5, רְבִיעִת Exod 29:40 + 4 t., רְבִעִית Num 15:4 + 2 t.; — fourth, usually ׳הָֽר:

1. masculine Gen 2:14; Gen 15:16 (JE), also (especially of days, months, sons, etc.) Gen 1:19; Exod 28:20; Exod 39:13; Num 7:30; Num 29:23; Josh 19:17 (all P), Judg 19:5; Judg 52:6; Judg 2:26; noun omitted 2Sam 3:4 = 1Chr 3:2; 1Chr 2:14; 1Chr 3:15; 1Chr 8:2; 1Chr 12:10; 1Chr 23:19; 1Chr 24:8; 1Chr 24:23; 1Chr 25:11; 1Chr 26:2; 1Chr 26:4; 1Chr 26:11; 1Chr 27:7a; Ezra 10:14; Dan 11:2 that is חֹדֶשׁ Ezek 1:1; Zech 8:19 plural in בְּנֵי רְבִ(י)עִים sons of fourth (ones), i.e. to the fourth generation, 2Kgs 10:30; 2Kgs 15:12 (compare [רִבֵּעַ], and [Old Aramaic N¢rab] בני רבע Cook¹⁰⁷).

2. feminine of years, 1Kgs 6:1; 1Kgs 6:37; 2Kgs 18:9; Jer 25:1; Jer 28:1; Jer 36:1; Jer 45:1; Jer 46:2; Jer 51:59; Zech 6:8; Lev 19:24 (H); מֵאֵת רְבִעִית 1Kgs 6:33, read מְזֻזֹת רְבֻעוֺת ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Th Sta Kmp Kit Benz Bur.

3. רְבִיעִית Ezek 48:20 four square (read possibly רְבוּעָה).

4. רְבִ(י) עִ(י)ת as noun = fourth part, construct, הַהִין ׳ר Lev 23:13 (H), Exod 29:40; Num 15:4; Num 15:5; Num 28:5; Num 28:7; Num 28:14 הִיּוֺם ׳ר Neh 9:3a; so absolute (הַיּוֺם omitted) vNeh 9:3 b.

BDB9885 H702 H7243

רבע (see Biblical Hebrew אַרְבַּע, רְבִיעִי, √ רבע).

Strong's Definition H7243

fourth, part, foursquare

rĕbîʿî

fourth; also (fractionally) a fourth

fourth

fourth

Variations 23 forms of this word

Translations 18 English renderings

Search every verse

Word Parts

הַ הִ֔ין

הַ

Prefix — article the

הִ֔ין

Root word hin

Dictionary form: הִין · heen

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Td/Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

הַ	Speech Particle Type Definite Article
הִין	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: part of an hin

part of an hin ×9 an hin ×4 of an hin ×4 and an hin ×3 hin ×1 unto and an hin ×1

More options

hin — Standard technical term; retain in liturgical/cultic contexts.

liquid measure — Generic gloss when audience is unfamiliar with ancient units.

unit of liquid measure — More explicit; good for study Bible footnotes.

about one gallon — Approximate modern equivalent; aids comprehension in narrative.

about four liters — Metric equivalent; prefer for non-American audiences.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB2152 H1969

הִין noun masculine^{Lev 19:36} hin, a liquid measure (ᵐ5 εἴν (Ἴν; ᵐ5^L Ἴν); but χοῦς Lev 19:36 Greek ἴυιον, Egyptian measure, = sextarius, accusative to Böckh^{Metrol. Unters. 244} compare Brandis^{Münz- Mass- & Gewichtswesen 29, 30}; the Hebrew hin (6.06 litres) was, however, much larger than the Egyptian hin (0.456 litre), see Hultsch^{Metrol., Tab. xxi. p. 714, & pp. 368, 450 ff.}; see further Ri^HWB Smith^Dict.Bib. EMey^{Geschichte. i. 228}) — absolute הִין Exod 30:24 + 4 t. Ezek 45:46 הַהִין Exod 29:40 (twice in verse) + 14 t.; construct הִין Lev 19:36 —

1. a measure, used of quantity of water for drinking Ezek 4:11 usually in connection with offerings:
a. of oil used with meal-offering Exod 29:40; Num 15:4; Num 15:6; Num 15:9; Num 28:5 (all P), Ezek 45:24; Ezek 46:5; Ezek 46:6; Ezek 46:11; Ezek 46:14 — usually 1/4 hin to 1/10 ephah (of meal-offering); Num 15:6 1/3; vNum 15:9 1/2; in Ezekiel a (whole) hin, except Ezek 46:14 1/3 hin to 1/6. ephah.
b. used in mixing the anointing oil Exod 30:24.
c. of wine as drink-offering Lev 23:13 (H); elsewhere P, Exod 29:40; Num 15:5; Num 28:14 (all 1/4 hin) Num 15:7; Num 28:14 (both 1/3 hin), Num 15:10; Num 28:14 (both 1/2 hin; all with 1/10 to 3/10 ephah in case of meal-offering).
d. once of שֵׁכָר as drink-offering Num 28:7 (P; 1/4 hin; compare Di).

2. vessel with capacity of hin Lev 19:36 (H) הִיןצֶֿדֶק a just hin (|| ׳מאֹזְנֵי צ, ׳אַבְנֵיצֿ, ׳אֵיפַת צ). — The hin = 1/6 bath according to Joseph.^{Ant. «JOSEPHUS:Antiquities 3:8»iii. 8}, 3; «JOSEPHUS:Antiquities 3:9»9, 4, = 6.06 litres (Hultsch^l.c.), see II. בַּת. On order of words in above passages, note that הִין (׳רְבִיעִת ה etc.) is usually appositive of liquid measured, & either precedes it Exod 29:40; Num 15:4; Num 28:14, or, more often, follows it Exod 30:24 + 10 t.; Num 28:7 they are in different clauses; in Exod 29:40 we find בְּשֶׁמֶןרֶ֗֗֗בַע הַהִין, compare Num 15:6; Num 15:9; Num 28:5 — Num 28:14 is peculiar: וְנִסְכֵּיהֶם חֲצִי הַהִין יִהְיֶה לַפָּר וּשְׁלִישִׁת הַהִין לָאַיִל וּרְבִיעִת הַהִין לַכֶּבֶשׂ יָ֑יִן (יין only at end).

Strong's Definition H1969

hin

hîn

a hin or liquid measure

a unit of measure, about 5 quarts (6 l)

Variations 5 forms of this word

Translations 6 English renderings

Search every verse

Word Parts

לַ כֶּ֖בֶשׂ

לַ

Prefix — preposition to, for + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)

כֶּ֖בֶשׂ

Root word lambs, lamb, sheep

Dictionary form: כֶּבֶשׂ · keh-BES

Vowels & Accents

לַ

Hidden "the" לַ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "to the ___".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Rd/Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

לַ	Speech Preposition Type Definite Article
כֶּבֶשׂ	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: lamb

lambs ×43 lamb ×28 and for the lambs ×8 the lamb ×5 a lamb ×3 the lambs ×3 he lamb ×2 also the lambs ×1

More options

lamb — Most direct modern equivalent; singular base form.

young sheep — Clarifies age/size when audience may not know 'lamb'.

male lamb — Reflects the masculine gender of the lemma explicitly.

ram lamb — Technical/liturgical contexts specifying sex and youth.

sheep — Broader term; use when age distinction is less critical.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3909 H3532

כֶּ֫בֶשׂ₁₀₇ noun masculine^{Exod 29:38} lamb (√ dubious: Late Hebrew id., battering-ram; Assyrian kabšu, lamb according to COT^Gloss; Arabic is ram, leader; Syriac lamb, with anom. , is very rare, and probably loan-word; Nö in Frä¹⁰⁹) — ׳כ absolute Exod 29:39 + 43 t.; plural כְּבָשִׂים vExod 29:38 + 61 t.; suffix כְּבָשַׂי Job 31:20 —

1. lamb, for sacrifice: Isa 1:11 of daily offering Exod 29:38; Exod 29:39 (twice in verse); Exod 29:40; Exod 29:41; Num 28:3; Num 28:4 (twice in verse) + 12 t. Num 28 sin-offering Lev 4:32 purification Lev 12:6; Lev 14:10 + 5 t. Lev 14 dedication of altar Num 7:15 + 25 t. Num 7 offerings in 7th month Num 29:2 + 22 t. Num 29, etc. (87 t. Exodus Leviticus Numbers all P); in Ezekiel's temple Ezek 46:4 + 6 t. Ezek 46; 1Chr 29:21; 2Chr 29:21; 2Chr 29:22; 2Chr 29:32; 2Chr 35:7; Ezra 8:35, compare simile Jer 11:19.

2. lambs, as grazing; symbol of devastation Isa 5:17 (compare Gie^{Beitr. 1890}), simile of Israel Hos 4:16 in predict. ׳וְגָר זְאֵב עִםכֿ Isa 11:6.

3. lambs, as furnishing wool for clothing: Job 31:20 ׳גֵּז כ, Prov 27:26 לִלְבוּשֶׁ֑ךָ ׳כ.

Strong's Definition H3532

lambs, lamb, sheep

kebeś

a ram (just old enough to butt)

lamb, sheep, young ram

Variations 16 forms of this word

Translations 22 English renderings

Lamb

Search every verse

Word Parts

הָ ֽאֶחָ֑ד

הָ

Prefix — article the

ֽאֶחָ֑ד

Root word one, first, another, other, any, …

Dictionary form: אֶחָד · eh-HAWD

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Td/Acmsa

Adjective — Cardinal Number, masculine singular, absolute state a number (one, two, three, …)

הָ	Speech Particle Type Definite Article
אֶחָד	Speech Adjective Type Cardinal Number Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: for the one

one ×324 and one ×64 a ×34 of one ×33 in one ×27 the one ×24 and the other ×21 of the one ×21

More options

one — Core cardinal number; the default choice in most contexts.

a — Indefinite article sense; use when אֶחָד functions as 'a/an'.

a single — Emphasizes unity or uniqueness; good for contrast or stress.

each — Distributive sense; use when individuality within a group is meant.

together — Collective or unified sense; suits phrases like 'as one body'.

once — Temporal sense; use when referring to a single occurrence or time.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB281 H259

אֶחָד₉₆₂ adjective number one (Phoenician אחד, Sabean id., compare DHM^{ZMG 1876, 707}, Arabic , Ethiopic Aramaic חַד, ; on Assyrian edu, a—adu, compare Dl^{W No. 139}) — absolute׳א Gen 1:5 + construct אַחַ֫ד Gen 21:15 +; so even before preposition 1Sam 9:3 and elsewhere see Dr; feminine absolute אַחַ֫ת Gen 2:21 +; אֶחָ֑ת Gen 11:1 +; construct אַחַ֫ת Deut 13:13 +; plural masculine אֲחָדִים Gen 11:1 + 4:t.; חַד Ezek 33:30 strike out Co compare ᵐ5; —

1. one Gen 1:9; Gen 27:38; Gen 27:45; Exod 12:49; Josh 23:10; 1Sam 1:24; 2Sam 12:3 +, Zech 14:9; Mal 2:10; Job 31:15 +, so also (emphatic) 2Sam 17:3 for ᵑ0 אֲשֶׁר ᵐ5 We Dr; one or two לֹא לְיוֺם אֶחָד וְלֹא לִשְׁנַיִם Ezra 10:13 as substantive followed by מִן Gen 2:21; Lev 4:2; Lev 4:13; Isa 34:16 +; ׳הָא Gen 19:9; Gen 42:13; Gen 42:32; 2Kgs 6:3; 2Kgs 6:5 +; one and the same Gen 40:5; Job 31:15 plural דְּבָרִים אֲחָדִים Gen 11:1 compare Ezek 37:17 (absolute), but see Co; = few, a few ׳יָמִים א Gen 27:44; Gen 29:20; Dan 11:20 כְּאִישׁ אֶחָד as one man, together Judg 20:8; 1Sam 11:7 also כְּאֶחָד late = Aramaic כַּחֲדָא Ezra 2:64 (= Neh 7:66) Ezra 3:9; Ezra 6:20; Eccl 11:6 see especially Isa 65:25 (|| earlier יַחְדֶּו Isa 11:6; Isa 11:7).

2. = each, every Exod 36:30; Num 7:3; Num 7:85; Num 28:21; 1Kgs 4:7; 2Kgs 15:20 +; also repeated, distributive sense Num 7:11; Num 13:2; Num 17:21; Josh 3:12; Josh 4:2; Josh 4:4.

3. = a certain 1Sam 1:1; 2Sam 18:10; 2Kgs 4:1; Esth 3:8 + compare 2Sam 17:9 see Dr 1Sam 1:1 hence

4. = indefinite article 1Sam 6:7; 1Sam 24:15; 1Sam 26:20 (but strike out ᵐ5 We Dr) 1Kgs 19:4; 1Kgs 19:5 +.

5. only 1Kgs 4:19 & (feminine) once 2Kgs 6:10; Ps 62:12; Ps 89:36 (once for all); אַחַת לְשָׁלוֺשׁ שָׁנִים 2Chr 9:21, בַּשָּׁנָה ׳א Lev 16:34 compare Job 40:5, פַּעַם אֶחָ֑ת Josh 6:3; Josh 6:11 compare vJosh 6:14, בְּאַחַת Num 10:4; Job 33:14 at once בְּאֶחָ֑ת Prov 28:18 compare וְאִנָּקְמֶה נְקַםאַֿחַת Judg 16:28.

**Num 10:4 בְּאַחַת is rather 'in one (of the trumpets)'; Job 33:14 it = in one way; Prov 28:18 read probably with ᵑ6 Lag Dy Bi בַּשָּׁ֑חַת; Judg 16:28 is rather 'vengeance for one of my two eyes' (see GFM). Jer 10:8 בְּאַחַת probably = in one, altogether. אחד.

6. one . . . another, the one . . . the other ׳֗֗֗ א ׳א Exod 17:12; Exod 18:3; Exod 18:4; Amos 4:7; 2Sam 12:1; Jer 24:2; 2Chr 3:17; Neh 4:11 +; 2Sam 14:6 read הָאֶחָד אֶתאָֿחִיו for האחד אתהֿאחד ᵐ5 We Dr; one after another, one by one, לְאַחַד אֶחָד Isa 27:12 compare Eccl 7:27.

7. as ordinal, first (mostly P & late) Gen 1:5 (P) Gen 2:11 (J) Exod 39:10 (P); absolute Job 42:14, Ezek 10:14 especially of first day of month Exod 40:2 (P) Ezra 3:6; Ezra 10:16; Ezra 10:17; Neh 8:2; Hag 1:1 first year, שְׁנַת אַחַת 2Chr 36:22; Ezra 1:1; Dan 1:21; Dan 9:1; Dan 9:2; Dan 11:1 compare first (day, יוֺם omitted) Gen 8:5; Gen 8:13 בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ; so Exod 40:17; Lev 23:24; Num 1:18; Num 29:1; Num 33:38 (all P) Deut 1:3; 2Chr 29:17; Ezra 7:9 (twice in verse); Ezek 26:1; Ezek 29:17; Ezek 31:1; Ezek 32:1; Ezek 45:18.

8. in combin.,
a. אַחַד עָשָׂר eleven (compare עָשָׂר, עַשְׁתֵּי) Gen 32:23; Gen 37:9 (JE) Deut 1:2 so אַחַתעֶֿשְׂרֵה Josh 15:51 (P) 2Kgs 23:36; 2Kgs 24:18; 2Chr 36:5; 2Chr 36:11; Jer 52:1 (precedes noun, except Josh 15:51 as ordinal, eleventh אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה Ezek 30:20; Ezek 31:1 compare 1Kgs 6:38; 2Kgs 9:29
b. with other numerals, as cardinal אֶחָד וְאַרְבָּעִים אֶלֶף וַחֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֺת Num 1:41 compare Num 2:16; Num 2:28; Num 31:34; Num 31:39 (all P; ׳א precedes other numeral); but אַרְבָּיִם וְאַחַת שָׁנָה (׳א following) 1Kgs 14:21; 1Kgs 15:10; 2Kgs 14:23; 2Chr 12:13 compare 2Kgs 22:1 = 2Chr 34:1; 2Kgs 24:18 = Jer 52:1 = 2Chr 36:11; Josh 12:24 (D) Isa 30:17; Ezra 2:26 = Neh 7:30 compare vNeh 7:37; Dan 10:13 as ordinal בְּאַחַת וְשֵׁשׁ מֵאוֺת שָׁנָה Gen 8:13 (P) Exod 12:18 (P), 1Chr 24:17; 1Chr 25:28; 2Chr 16:13 (׳א preceding); but 1Kgs 16:23; Hag 2:1 (׳א following).

BDB9284 H259

אחד (√ of following; see Biblical Hebrew אֶחָד.

BDB9285 H259

חַד adjective one, a; — masculine singular ׳ח Dan 2:31+; feminine singular חֲדָה Ezra 4:8 +; —

1. one side Dan 7:5 noun omitted Dan 6:3 חֲדָה Dan 2:9 = one and invariable (inevitable); כַּחֲדָה vDan 2:35 as one, altogether (so S-C^{K 3} ᵑ7, and late Biblical Hebrew כְּאֶחָד Ezra 2:64 +); = ordinal, שְׁנַת חֲדָה first year Ezra 7:1; Ezra 5:13; Ezra 6:3 ׳ח = a certain one (τινὰ) Dan 7:16 (with מִן partitive).

2. a (indefinite article) with substantive Dan 2:31; Dan 6:18; Dan 4:16 (see שָׁעָה), Ezra 4:8; Ezra 6:2, חַד שִׁדְעָךְ Dan 3:19 = seven-fold (as Syriac: Nö^{§ 241 PS 1194}; compare Exod 16:5 ᵑ6), see K^{§ 66, 2}.

Strong's Definition H259

one, first, another, other, any, …

ʾeḥād

properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first

one (number)

one (number)

Variations 52 forms of this word

Translations 195 English renderings

Search every verse

Word Parts

בַּ קֹּ֗דֶשׁ

בַּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)

קֹּ֗דֶשׁ

Root word holy, sanctuary, most, things, holiness, …

Dictionary form: קֹדֶשׁ · koh-DESH

Vowels & Accents

בַּ

Hidden "the" בַּ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "in the ___".

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Rd/Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

בַּ	Speech Preposition Type Definite Article
קֹּדֶשׁ	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: in the holy

holy ×53 of the sanctuary ×44 the holy ×39 my holy ×16 in the holy ×15 an holy ×13 of the holy ×13 is most ×11

More options

holiness — Best for abstract quality; noun contexts describing God's nature.

sacred — Versatile adjective; fits persons, places, objects, and times.

sanctuary — Prefer when the referent is a physical sacred space or temple.

holy — Modernizes KJV directly; widely understood in liturgical contexts.

consecrated — Emphasizes deliberate setting-apart; good for dedicated objects or persons.

set apart — Plain, contemporary; highlights separation from common/profane use.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB7327 H6946 H6947 H6944 H5880 H8483

II. קָדֵשׁ proper name, of a location (sacred; but perhaps originally קֶדֶשׁ and pointing artificial to distinguish from ׳ק in N); —

1. Καδης: in south of Judah Gen 16:14 (J), Gen 20:1 (E), in מִדְבַּר פָּארָן Num 13:26 (P), specifically צִן ׳מ Num 20:1; Num 33:36, compare קָדֵשׁ ׳מ Ps 29:8 on western border of Edom Num 20:16 (E), Num 33:37 (P), compare Num 20:14 (E), vNum 20:22 (P), Judg 11:16; Judg 11:17 (hence Rob^{BR ii. 175, 194 sought it at} `Ain Weibeh, in west of Arabah); long adobe of Israel during Exodus. Deut 1:46 ׳מֵי מְרִיבַת ק Num 27:14 (compare Num 20:1-13), Deut 32:51 (P), Ezek 47:19 (read מְרִיבַת), Ezek 48:28, compare Deut 33:2 (see קֹדֶשׁ near the end); compare עֵין מִשְׁפָּט Gen 14:7 = בַּרְנֵעַ ׳ק (meaning of ׳ב unknown; ᵐ5 Kings (τοῦ) βαρνη); — Num 32:8 (J), Deut 1:2; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:14; Deut 9:23; Josh 10:41 (D), Num 34:4; Josh 15:3 (P); — modern ±Ain †adîs (kudais, ), approximately 50 miles south of Beersheba, J.Rowlands (1842) see GWilliams^{Holy City, 464 f.}, and especially HCTrumbull (1881)^{Kadesh Barnea, 238-321}.

2. Hittite capital on the Orontes, north of Damascus, towards Hamath (Egyptian †dš, †dšu, †dše WMM^{As.u.Eur.213 ff.}); — 2Sam 24:6 ᵐ5^L We Dr Kit Bu Löhr, reading אֶרֶץ הַחִתִּים קָדֵ֫שָׁה for ᵑ0 תַּחְתִּים חָדְשִׁי ׳א (הַחִתִּים already Hi^{Geschichte. Israel i. 29}; קָדֵ֫שָׁה Th, קֶ֫דְשָׁה Klo, of קֶדֶשׁ in Naphtali); HPS doubts.

BDB7328 H4720 H6944

מִקְדָּשׁ noun masculine^{Amos 7:9} sacred place, sanctuary; — ׳מ Exod 25:8 +; מִקְּדָשׁ Exod 15:17 (Ges^{«GKC:20h»§ 20h} Kö^{ii. 1, 471}); construct מִקְדַּשׁ Lev 16:33 +; suffix מִקְדָּשִׁי Lev 20:3 +, etc., מִקְדְּשׁוֺ Num 18:29 (Kö^{ii. 1, 97}); plural מִקְדָּשִׁים Ezek 21:7, construct מִקְדְּשֵׁי Jer 51:51 + 2 t.; suffix מִקְדָּשַׁי Lev 21:23 מְקַדְשֵׁיהֶם Ezek 7:24 (on anomalous pointing see Ew^{§ 215 a} Hi-Sm; but probably Pi`el Participle was in mind, Ges^{«GKC:93oo»§ 93oo} Anm.; < read מִקְדְּשֵׁיהֶם); etc.; —

1. old Israel sanctuaries: of ׳י at Shechem Josh 24:26 (E); probably also Exod 15:17 (i.e. Shiloh); plural of sanct. to be destroyed by ׳י Lev 26:31 (H); ׳מִקְדְּשֵׁי יִשׂ in Northern Israel Amos 7:9 מִקְדַּשׁמֶֿלֶךְ vAmos 7:13 (Bethel).

2. of the nations: Moab Isa 16:12 plural of Tyre Ezek 28:18 (Co Toy [not Berthol Krae] read קָדְשְׁךָ thy sanctity).

3. tabernacle and its precincts Exod 25:8 (P) +; מִקְדַּשׁ הַקֹּדֶשׁ Lev 16:33, plural Lev 21:23.

4. temple and precincts 1Chr 22:19; Isa 63:18; Ps 74:7 +; בֵּית מִקְדָּשָׁם 2Chr 36:17, מקדשׁ הבית Ezek 48:21, ׳מְכוֺן מ Dan 8:11 plural of many sacred places in and about the temple. ׳מִקְדְּשֵׁי בית י Jer 51:51 מִקְדְּשֵׁי אֵל Ps 73:17. Doubtful are: מִמִּקְדָּשֶׁיךָ Ps 68:36 (ᵐ5 ἐν τοῖς ὁσίοις αὐτοῦ ᵑ9 de sanctuario; SS מִקְדָּשֶׁ֑ךָ); מִקְדָּשִׁים Ezek 21:7 (ᵐ5 Co Berthol Buhl מִקְדָּשָׁם; Toy Krae מִקְדָּשֶׁיהָ; || יְרוּשָׁלַםִ); וּמִקְדָּשׁ לַמִּקְדָּשׁ Ezek 45:4b (Co, after ᵐ5, מִפְקָד לְקָדְשָׁם [לְבָֽתֵּי]; Toy וּלְמִגְרָשִׁים [לְבָֽתִּים], compare Krae לְמִגְרָשׁ).

5. ׳י will become ׳לְמ for his people Ezek 11:16 (Br^{MP 268}), so apparently Isa 8:14 (but gloss Du Che^Hpt Marti; Lag^{Semitic i. 16} מִקָּשׁ i.e. stumbling-block [he compare Syriac strike]).

6. of ׳י's future sanct., בתוכם לעולם ׳מ Ezek 37:26; Ezek 37:28. — (מִמֶּנּוּ) אֶתקּמִקְדְּשׁוֺ (מִכָּלחֶֿלְבּוֺ) Num 18:29 even the hallowed part there of AV RV, but this not the meaning of ׳מ; Ew^{§ 255 c assumes} מַ֗֗֗קְדֵּשׁ in this sense; < read קָדְשׁוֺ (see קֹדֶשׁ 3 d), מִ being dittograph

Strong's Definition H6944

holy, sanctuary, most, things, holiness, …

qōdeš

a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity

apartness, holiness, sacredness, separateness

apartness, sacredness, holiness

of God

Variations 52 forms of this word

Translations 156 English renderings

Holy Holy Place The inner sanctuary of the Tabernacle and Temple Most Holy Place The innermost room of the tabernacle and temple

Search every verse

Word Parts

הַסֵּ֛ךְ

Root word out, cover, poured, offer, set, …

Dictionary form: נָסַךְ · naw-SAHK

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Vha

Verb — Hiphil, Infinitive Absolute, absolute state causative — "he made (someone) do" adds emphasis — try "surely ___"

הַסֵּךְ

Speech Verb Stem Hiphil Type Infinitive Absolute State Absolute

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: to be poured

and to pour out ×4 and poured out ×3 offer ×2 and have poured out ×1 and he poured ×1 and poured ×1 hath poured out ×1 her and pour out ×1

More options

pour out — Most common sense; liquid offerings or libations.

offer a libation — Precise ritual term for drink offerings.

cast (metal) — Use when context involves melting and molding metal.

cover — Less common; use when shielding or overlaying is meant.

install — Figurative sense; appointing or setting a king in place.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5231 H5258

I. נָסַךְ verb pour out (Late Hebrew id., pour, cast (metals, Pi`el make libation; Phoenician נסך cast gold or iron Lzb^{323 f.}; ᵑ7 נְסַךְ make libation; Syriac pour out; Arabic , originally be-pour, water Nö^{ZMG xii (1887), 719} (rare), usually worship Lane³⁰³² (compare RS^{Semitic i. 213; 2d ed. 229}), i.e. pour out blood of victim, pour out wine We^{Heid. 2, 114, 118, 142}; —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular נָסַךְ Isa 29:10; Isa 40:19 נָסָ֑ךְ Isa 44:10 Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִסְּכוּ Hos 9:4 2 masculine singular תִּסְּכוּ Exod 30:9 Infinitive לִנְסֹךְ Isa 30:1 Participle Pass. feminine נְסוּכָה Isa 25:7 —

1. pour out, with עַל (the spirit of deep sleep) Isa 29:10.

2. pour out libations, with accusative נֶסֶךְ Exod 30:9 (P); מַסֵּכָה Isa 30:1 יַיִן Hos 9:4.

3. cast metal images, with accusative פֶּסֶל Isa 40:19; Isa 44:10.

Piel Imperfect יְנַסֵךְ 1Chr 11:18 pour out as libation, with accusative מַיִם + ליהוה (= 2Sam 23:16 Hiph`il).

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine plural הִסִּכוּ Jer 32:39 Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיַּסֵךְ Gen 35:14 + 2 t.; 1 singular אַסִּיךְ Ps 16:4 3 masculine plural וַיַסִּיכוּ Ezek 20:28 Imperative הַסֵךְ Num 28:7 Infinitive absolute הַסֵּיךְ Jer 44:17 הַסֵךְ Jer 7:18 + 3 t.; construct לְהַסֵךְ Jer 44:19; Jer 44:25 (Kö^{i. 309}); — pour out libations, with accusative נֶסֶךְ Gen 35:14 (E), 2Kgs 16:13; Num 28:7 (P), מַיִם 2Sam 23:16 ליהוה; elsewhere, נְסָכִים to other gods Jer 7:18; Jer 19:13; Jer 32:29; Jer 44:17; Jer 44:18; Jer 44:19 (twice in verse); Jer 44:25; Ezek 20:28; Ps 16:4.

Hoph`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֻסַּךְ be poured out, Exod 25:29; Exod 37:16, of holy wine, with בְ of vessels.

BDB5238 H5258

III. [נָסַךְ] verb set, install (Assyrian nasâku, id., whence nasîku, prince, Dl^{HWB 472}; see also Muss-Arn^{Hebraica. vi. 89. R. 17 and references}); —

Qal Perfect 1 singular נָסַכְתִּי מַלְכִּי עַלצִֿיּוֺן Ps 2:6 I have installed my king upon Zion. Niph`al Perfect 1 singular נִסַּכְתִּי Prov 8:23 I was installed (of Wisdom).

BDB9711 H5258 H5260

נְסַךְ verb pour out (see Biblical Hebrew I. נָסַךְ); —

Pa`el (more generally): Infinitive לְנַסָּכָה לֵהּ Dan 2:46 to offer in sacrifice to him, with accusative מִנְחָה וְנִיחֹחִין.

Strong's Definition H5258

out, cover, poured, offer, set, …

nāsak

to pour out, especially a libation, or to cast (metal); by analogy, to anoint a king

to pour out, pour, offer, cast

(Qal)

to pour out

(Qal) to install

Variations 18 forms of this word

Translations 19 English renderings

Search every verse

Word Parts

נֶ֥סֶךְ

Root word offerings, offering, image, images, cover

Dictionary form: נֶסֶךְ · neh-SEK

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsc

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

נֶסֶךְ

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct

In English

In the KJV here: for a drink offering

and their drink offerings ×13 and his drink offering ×12 drink offerings ×8 and the drink offering ×4 for a drink offering ×4 a drink offering ×2 and drink offerings ×2 his molten image ×2

More options

drink offering — Most common sense; liquid poured out in ritual.

libation — Formal/liturgical register; precise technical term for liquid offering.

liquid offering — Plain descriptive alternative when audience is non-specialist.

poured offering — Emphasizes the act of pouring; good for narrative contexts.

cast image — Use only for the 'molten idol' sense; distinct cultic meaning.

idol — Broadest term for the image sense; accessible to general readers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5232 H5262

2. molten images, Isa 41:29; Isa 48:5; Jer 10:14; Jer 51:17. — Combinations are: ׳נָסַךְ נ, ׳הִסִּיךְ נ (see verb); ׳שָׁפַךְ נ Isa 57:6.

BDB9712 H5261 H5262

[נְסַךְ] noun [masculine] drink-offering (ᵑ7 Syriac; compare Biblical Hebrew); — plural suffix נִסְכֵּיהוֺן Ezra 7:17 (+ מִנְחָֽתְהוֺן, etc.).

נסק see סלק.

Strong's Definition H5262

offerings, offering, image, images, cover

nesek

a libation; also a cast idol

drink offering, libation, molten image, something poured out

drink offering

Variations 27 forms of this word

Translations 25 English renderings

Drink Offering Offerings

Search every verse

Word Parts

שֵׁכָ֖ר

Root word drink, wine

Dictionary form: שֵׁכָר · shay-KAWR

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

שֵׁכָר

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: place shalt thou cause the strong wine

strong drink ×7 nor strong drink ×3 or strong drink ×2 and of strong drink ×1 and strong drink ×1 and through strong drink ×1 drink ×1 of strong drink ×1

More options

beer — Most natural modern default; fermented grain beverage.

intoxicating drink — Broad term; useful when grain vs. grape is ambiguous.

liquor — Emphasizes high alcoholic strength; good for prohibition contexts.

ale — Slightly more specific to grain; fits ancient Near East well.

fermented drink — Neutral, scholarly register; highlights fermentation process.

alcoholic beverage — Formal or legal-register contexts; maximally unambiguous.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB8681 H7941

שֵׁכָר noun [masculine] intoxioating drink, strong drink (Ba^{NB § 71}); — always ׳שׁ absolute; usually || וַיִן (except Ps 69:13): Isa 29:8 usually condemned, Isa 5:11; Isa 5:22; Isa 28:7 (3 t. in verse); Isa 56:12 (׳נִסְבְּאָה שׁ), Mic 2:11; 1Sam 1:15; Prov 20:1 forbidden to priests on duty Lev 10:9 (P); not for princes Prov 31:4 nor Nazirite Num 6:3; Judg 13:4; Judg 13:7; Judg 13:14, compare ׳חֹמֶץ שׁ Num 6:3 ׳שׁוֺתֵי שׁ Ps 69:13 drunkards; but ׳שׁ as common drink Deut 29:5 (opposed to miraculous), allowable in sacrificial meal Deut 14:26, commended for weak and weary Prov 31:4 ׳נֶסֶךְ שׁ Num 28:7(P; for יַיִן vNum 28:14); see further Kennedy^{Ency. Bib. iv. 5309 f.} — On form compare Lag^{M ii. 357; BN 51}.

Strong's Definition H7941

drink, wine

šēkār

an intoxicant, i.e., intensely alcoholic liquor

strong drink, intoxicating drink, fermented or intoxicating liquor

Variations 7 forms of this word

Translations 13 English renderings

Search every verse

Word Parts

לַ ֽיהוָֽה

לַ

Prefix — preposition to, for

ֽיהוָֽה

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Unto the lord")

Dictionary form: יְהֹוָה · yeh-hoh-WAW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar R/Np

Noun — Proper Name

לַ	Speech Preposition
יהוָֽה	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: unto the lord

the lord ×2811 of the lord ×1522 and the lord ×457 unto the lord ×342 o lord ×222 am the lord ×158 lord ×67 to the lord ×60

More options

the LORD — Standard modern Bible convention; small-caps signal the divine name.

YHWH — Preserves the Hebrew tetragrammaton; used in scholarly translations.

Yahweh — Reconstructed pronunciation; preferred in academic and some modern versions.

the Lord — General rendering when small-caps convention is unavailable.

God — Use only where context clearly equates YHWH with generic deity.

the Eternal — Captures timeless-existence nuance; used in some progressive translations.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

יהוה_{c. 6823} i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺה^C518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה₃₀₅ (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philo^{de Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529}), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö^{§ 88}). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see Lag^{Sym i.14} Baud^{Studien i.179 ff.}; Dr^{Stud.Bib.i.1 ff.} For Jeve see Sta^{ZAW 1881, 346} De^{ib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.}

2. on literature of interpretations see Nes^Eg.67 Dr^{l.c. — Many recent scholars explain} יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, Nes^Eg.88 (but Nes^{Eg.91 inclines to Qal as} RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev} see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RS^{OTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245}, compare We^{Skizzen iii.175}; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, Sta^G.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876}, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ew^infr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Dr^l.c.17)).

**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by Bau^{Rel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230)}; Dl^{Pa 162 ff.} claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kue^{national Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.)} Jastr^{JBL xiil {1894}, 103 f.} compare Hpt^{BAS i. 170 N}; Dl^{Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f.} makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially Hirsch^{ZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff.} Zim^{KATS. 465 ff.}; Spiegelb^{ZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff.} proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in Kö^{EB NAMES, § 112 and n.3}. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to Schw^{ThLZ, 1905, col. 612}.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare Ew^{BTh ii. 337, 338} RS^{l.c., Proph. 385 ff.} Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc Lag^{Psalt.Hieron.156}); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich We^JD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI¹⁸. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b Dl^{Pa 158 ff.} Dr^{Stud. Bib. i. 7 ff}.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D²); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D² 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D² 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by R^P as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.

2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.

3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — Bonk^{ZAW 1891, 126 ff.} seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB3475 H3068

׳יְהוֺ proper name compounded with, see below יהוה above.

BDB3483 H3068 H3069

יהוה proper name, of deity, see below הוה.

BDB3489 H3068 H3097

׳יו = ׳יְהוֺ proper name compounded with, see below יהוה above: — namely יוֺאָב, יוֺאָח, יוֺאָחָז, יוֺאֵל, יוֺאָשׁ, יוֺיָכִין, יוֺיָקִים, יוֺיָרִיב, יוֺעֵד, יוֺעָשׁ, יוֺקִים, יוֺרָם, יוֺתָם, etc.

Strong's Definition H3068

lord, lords, god, jehovah, jehovah-jireh, …

yĕhōwâ

the existing One

(the) self-Existent or Eternal; Jeho-vah, Jewish national name of God

the proper name of the one true God

unpronounced except with the vowel pointings of H0136

Variations 44 forms of this word

Translations 243 English renderings

Yahweh Creator

Numbers 28:6

Read Numbers 28

Numbers 28:8