Proverbs 28:19

עֹבֵ֣ד

Root word serve, served, do, work, worshippers, …

Dictionary form: עָבַד · aw-BAHD

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, construct state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: he that tilleth

and serve ×24 serve ×22 and served ×21 to serve ×18 served ×11 shall serve ×8 to do ×8 that they may serve me ×5

More options

serve — Core rendering; best for worship, duty, or obedience contexts.

work — Prefer when labor or task-performance is the focus.

worship — Ideal when the object is a deity or idol.

till — Use specifically for cultivating or farming the ground.

labor — Emphasizes effort or toil; good for slavery or hard-work contexts.

obey — Captures submission to authority in relational or covenant settings.

BDB5734 H5647

עָבַד₂₉₀ verb work, serve (Old Aramaic עבד do make, especially Nabataean, Palmyrene (often), Lzb^{331 f.} Cook⁸⁶, so ᵑ7 עֲבַד, Syriac (very often); but also Old Aramaic Phoenician עבד slave, vassal (and in many proper names), ᵑ7 עַבְדָּא, Syriac id.; Assyrian abdu, id. (rare); Late Hebrew עָבַד serve, performs acts of worship (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb), and derivatives; Arabic worship, obey (God); compare We^{Skizzen iii. 165}; Heid. 141, II. enslave; slave, worshiper; Sabean עבד id. DHM^{Südar. Alt. p. 18}; Gerber^{Verb. Denom. 14 ff.} thinks be slave, serve (Qal) and enslave (Hiph`il) are denominative, compare also Nö^{ZMG xl (1886), 741}); —

Qal₂₇₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע Ezek 29:18 +; suffix עֲבָדוֺ Mal 3:18 +; 3 masculine plural עָֽבְדוּ Deut 7:4 עָבָ֑דוּ Num 4:26, + 64 t. Perfect; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲבֹד Gen 25:23 +; suffix יַעַבְדֵ֫נִי Exod 4:23 יַעַבְדֶ֫נּוּ Ps 22:31; 2Kgs 10:18 3 masculine plural יַעַבְדוּ Deut 12:30 +; יַעֲבֹ֑דוּ Gen 15:14 (Dr^{§ 103}) Job 36:11 2 masculine plural תַּעַבְדוּן Exod 3:12, תַּעֲבֹד֑וּן Josh 24:15, + 99 t. Imperfect; (תָּעָבְדֵם, נָָֽעָבְדֵם see Hoph`al); Imperative עֲבֹד 1Sam 26:19 suffix עָבְדֵהוּ 1Chr 28:9 עִבְדוּ Exod 5:18 + 15 t.; עֲבֹ֑דוּ Ezek 20:39 suffix עִבְדֻהוּ 1Sam 7:3 Infinitive construct עֲבֹד Mal 3:14 +; עֲבָדֿ Jer 34:9; Jer 34:10 suffix עָבְדוֺ Jer 27:6 +, etc.; Participle עֹבֵד Gen 4:2 +; plural עֹבְדִים Num 18:21 +; construct עֹבְדֵי Ps 97:7 +; suffix עֹבְדָיו 2Kgs 10:19 עֹבְדֵיהֶם Zech 2:13 —

1. labour, work, do work: absolute Exod 20:9 = Exod 34:21 = Deut 5:13 (4th word); Exod 5:18 (E) Eccl 5:11 with accusative of thing, till the ground Gen 2:5; Gen 3:23; Gen 4:2; Gen 4:12 (J), 2Sam 9:10; Isa 30:24; Jer 27:11; Zech 13:5; Prov 12:11; Prov 28:19 object omitted Deut 15:19; Ezek 48:19 vineyard Deut 28:39 garden Gen 2:16 (J); עֹבְרֵי פִשְׁתִּים Isa 19:9 workers in flax; עֹבְדֵ(יׅ הָעִיר Ezek 48:18; Ezek 48:19 labourers of the city; עֲבֹדָתוֺ ׳ע Isa 28:21 work his work (only here of God, || עשׂה מַעֲשֵׂהוּ); עבדה על ׳ע Ezek 29:18 serve a military service against.

2. work for another, serve him by labour: absolute Exod 21:2 (E); with accusative pers Gen 29:15; Gen 31:6; Exod 21:6 (E) Deut 15:12; Deut 15:18; Mal 3:17; Jer 34:14, king his people 1Kgs 12:7 subject animals Jer 27:6; Job 39:9 with accusative of person and thing Gen 30:26 (twice in verse); Gen 30:29 (J); with לְ person 2Sam 16:19 עִם Gen 29:25; Gen 29:30 (E) Lev 25:40 (P); עִמָּדִי Gen 29:27 (E); לִפְנֵי 2Sam 16:19 (twice in verse); with בְּ of price Gen 29:18; Gen 29:20; Gen 29:25; Gen 31:41 (E) Hos 12:13; Ezek 29:20 with בְּ personwork by means of another, use him as slave, Exod 1:14; Lev 25:39; Lev 25:46 (P) Jer 22:13; Jer 25:14; Jer 27:7; Jer 30:8; Jer 34:9; Jer 34:10.

3. serve as subjects: usually with accusative, their own chiefs or kings Judg 9:28 (twice in verse); Judg 9:38; 1Sam 11:1; 1Kgs 5:1 +; other kings, by tribute Ps 18:44 = 2Sam 22:44; Jer 27:7; Jer 28:14; 2Kgs 25:24 +, other nations 2Sam 10:19; Jer 40:9; Zech 2:13 +, kings other kings 2Kgs 18:7 +, with לְ, 1Sam 4:9 (twice in verse); מַס עֹבֵד Gen 49:15 (J) Josh 16:10; 1Kgs 9:21 (see מַס); with בְּ person, work with, i.e. use as subjects, impose tribute upon, Jer 25:14; Jer 27:7; Jer 30:8; Ezek 34:27.

4. serve God:
a. with accusative ׳י, Exod 3:12; Exod 4:23; Exod 7:16; Exod 7:26 (JE), Ps 22:31; Job 21:15; Mal 3:14 +; with accusative of person and thing Exod 10:26 (E); accusative of person omitted, Jer 2:20 (read אֶעֱבוֺד Kt), עבד זבח ומנחה Isa 19:21 serve with peace-offering and grain-offering; עבד עֲבֹדָה Exod 13:5 (of מַצֹּת).
b. other gods, with accusative ׳א Deut 7:16; Deut 12:2; Deut 12:30 ; אלהים אחרים Deut 7:4; Deut 8:19; Deut 11:16; Deut 13:7; Deut 13:14; Deut 17:3; Deut 28:14; Deut 28:36; Deut 28:64; Deut 29:25; Deut 30:17; Deut 31:20; Josh 23:16; Josh 24:2; Josh 24:16; Judg 2:10; Judg 10:13; 1Sam 8:8; 1Sam 26:19; 1Kgs 9:6; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:35; 2Chr 7:19; 2Chr 7:22; Jer 11:10; Jer 13:10; Jer 16:11; Jer 16:13; Jer 22:9; Jer 25:6; Jer 35:15 (all D and Jeremiah); אֱלֹהֵי הַגּוֺיִם Deut 29:17 זָרִים Jer 5:19 כל צבא השׁמים Deut 4:19; 2Kgs 21:3; 2Chr 33:3; Jer 8:2 הבעל(יםׅ Judg 2:11; Judg 3:7; Judg 10:6; Judg 10:10; Judg 1:10; Judg 1:31; Judg 22:54; 2Kgs 10:18 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 10:19 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 10:21; 2Kgs 10:22; 2Kgs 10:23 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 17:16 אלהי נֵכָר Josh 24:20; Jer 5:19 (הַ)גִּלּוּלִים 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:21 (twice in verse); Ezek 20:39 האשׁרים 2Chr 24:18 עצבים Ps 106:36 פסיל(יםׅ 2Chr 33:22; 2Kgs 17:41 פסל 2Kgs 97:7 with לְ, לבעל Judg 2:13 לאלהים אחרים Jer 44:3.

5. serve ׳י with Levilical service (all P; compare RS^{Sem i. 69}): with accusative עבד עֲבֹדָה (see עֲבֹדָה) Num 3:7; Num 3:8; Num 4:23; Num 4:30; Num 4:47; Num 7:5; Num 8:11; Num 8:19; Num 8:22; Num 8:26; Num 16:9; Num 18:6; Num 18:21; Num 18:23; Josh 22:27 accusative omitted Num 4:24; Num 4:26; Num 4:37; Num 4:41; Num 8:15 (but ⅏ ᵐ5 עבדה), vNum 8:25; Num 18:7. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נֶעְבָּ֑ד Eccl 5:8 2 masculine plural נֶעֱבַדְתֶּם Ezek 36:9 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָבֵד Deut 21:4 3 feminine singular תֵּעָבֵד Ezek 36:34 —

1. be tilled, of land Deut 21:4; Ezek 36:9; Ezek 36:34.

2. Eccl 5:8 מֶלֶךְ לְשָׂדֶה נֶעְבָּ֑ד dubious: a king for (devoted to) the cultivated field (Hi); a king that maketh himself servant to the field (devoted to agriculture), De^{see Commentaries}, especially De. Pual Perfect 3 masculine singular עֻבַּד Deut 21:3; Isa 14:3 passive of Qal, with בְּ impersonal Deut 21:3 of a calf with which it has not been worked; hard service with which it was worked with captives Isa 14:3. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הֶעֱבִיד Ezek 29:18 2 masculine singular suffix הֶעֱבַדְתַּ֫נִי Isa 43:24, הֶעֱבַדְתִּיךָ vIsa 43:23, וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ Jer 17:4 Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיַּעֲבֵד 2Chr 34:33 3 masculine plural יַעֲבִדוּ Exod 1:13 Infinitive construct הַעֲבִיד 2Chr 2:17 Participle plural מַעֲבִדִים Exod 6:15 —

1. compel to labour as slaves Exod 1:13; Exod 6:5 (P) 2Chr 2:17, + Gen 47:21 (reading הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים), 2Sam 12:31 (reading וְהֶעֱבִיד + בְּ at; on both these see עבר Hiph`il near the end); cause to serve, of army's service against, with accusative + (על)אל Ezek 29:18 cause to labour, weary, with בְּ of means Isa 43:23; Isa 43:24 (perhaps play on meanings 2, 3).

2. make to serve as subjects, with 2 accusative Jer 17:4, + Jer 15:14 (read וְהַעֲבַרְתִּיךָ see עבר Hiph`il near the end).

3. cause to serve God 2Chr 34:33. Hoph`al Imperfect 2 masculine singular suffix תָּֽעָבְדֵם Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:9; Exod 23:24 1 plural suffix נָָֽעָבְדֵם Deut 13:3 (Kö^{i. 259} Sta^{§ 549 g} Thes; < Nes^{Marg. 12 f.} Qal anomalously pointed (compare W^{AG. ed. 2, i, 62 n.} Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. 98}); Ges^{«GKC:60»§ 60} R. 1 Dr Qal falsely pointed as Hoph`al); — be led or enticed to serve other gods Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:9; Exod 23:24; Deut 13:8.

BDB9745 H5648 H5647

ע

עֲבַד verb make, do (ᵑ7, Syriac, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Egyptian Aramaic (S-C^Pap.; compare אַזְדָּא); = Biblical Hebrew עָבַד, q. v., but in meaning || עשׂה); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע Dan 3:1 +, 2 masculine singular עֲבַ֑דְתְּ (K^{§ 13, 2}) Dan 4:32 1 singular עַבְדֵֿת Dan 3:15; Dan 6:23, 3 masculine plural עֲבַ֫דוּ Ezra 6:13 +; Imperfect 2 masculine plural תַּעְבְּדוּן (Baer K^{§ 38. 1. b}); תַּעַבְדוּן Gi Str) Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18 Infinitive מֶעְבַּד (K^{§ 15, a}) 2)) Ezra 4:22; Ezra 7:18 (מֶעְבַּ֑ד); Participle active עָבֵד Ezra 7:26 +, feminine singular עָֽבְדָא Dan 7:21 masculine plural עָֽבְדִין Ezra 4:15 —

1. make, accusative of thing Dan 3:1; Dan 3:15 and (of creation) Jer 10:11 make a feast Dan 5:1, war Dan 7:21 (עם person). ded. of temple Ezra 6:16.

2. do, accusative of deed, Dan 4:32 (of God), Dan 6:23; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 4:22 do, act, כְּנֵמָא, thus, Ezra 6:13, כ, according to, Dan 7:18 and (of God) Dan 4:32, absolute Dan 6:11 accusative +ב of thing Ezra 7:18 do something with, +עִם person Ezra 6:8 do, perform, accusative of God's law Ezra 7:26, accusative of signs, etc. (subject God) Dan 6:28 and (+עִם person) Dan 3:32. Hithpe`el Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִתְעֲבֵד Ezra 6:11 +, דִ֑֯ Ezra 6:12; Ezra 7:21 2 masculine plural תִּתְעַבְדוּן Dan 2:5 Participle מִתְעֲבֵד Ezra 7:26, בֶדֿ- Ezra 4:19, feminine singular עַבְדָא- Ezra 5:3 —

1. be made into, with noun predicate, Dan 2:5; Dan 3:29; Ezra 6:11.

2. be done, wrought, Ezra 4:19; Ezra 5:8 (subject עֲבִידְתָּא); be performed, executed, of command Ezra 6:12; Ezra 7:21; Ezra 7:23, judgment Ezra 7:26.

serve, served, do, work, worshippers, …

ʿābad

to work (in any sense); by implication, to serve, till, (causatively) enslave, etc

to work, serve

(Qal)

to labor, work, do work

to be worked, be tilled (of land)

to compel to labor or work, cause to labor, cause to serve

אַ֭דְמָת וֹ

אַ֭דְמָת

Root word land, earth, ground, lands, husbandry, …

וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: אֲדָמָה · uh-daw-MAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: his land

the land ×52 of the earth ×24 the ground ×22 the earth ×18 their land ×10 their own land ×9 land ×8 of thy land ×8

More options

ground — Best for soil/surface underfoot; earthy, physical sense.

soil — Ideal for agricultural or cultivation contexts.

land — Good for territory or region belonging to someone.

earth — Broader cosmic or material sense; pairs well with 'sky'.

farmland — Use when husbandry or crop-growing is explicit.

terrain — Neutral option when geography or landscape is stressed.

BDB109 H127 H128

אֲדָמָה₂₂₄ noun feminine ground, land (as tilled, German bebaut ? Dl^{Pr 105}, but Fleisch. (Merx^{Archiv 1, 236 f}) compare Arabic , skin, as smoothly covering & close-fitting; √ דם compare Arabic smear (spread over surface); compare also Nö^{ZMG 1886, 737}) — ׳א Gen 1:25 +; construct אַדְמַת Gen 47:20 +; suffix אַדְמָתִי Job 31:38 + 2 t. etc.; plural אֲדָמוֺת Ps 49:12 —

1. ground (as tilled, yielding sustenance) Gen 2:5; Gen 2:9; Gen 3:17; Gen 3:23; Gen 4:2; Gen 4:3; Gen 4:12; Gen 5:29; Gen 8:21; Gen 19:25; Gen 47:23; Exod 34:26 (all J); Exod 23:19 (E) Deut 7:13; Deut 11:17; Deut 26:2; Deut 26:10; Deut 26:15; Deut 28:4; Deut 28:11; Deut 28:18; Deut 28:33; Deut 28:42; Deut 28:51; Deut 30:9; 2Sam 9:10; Isa 1:7; Isa 28:24; Isa 30:23 (twice in verse); Isa 30:24; Jer 7:20; Jer 14:4; Jer 25:33; Hag 1:11; Mal 3:11; Ps 83:11; Ps 105:35; Prov 12:11; Prov 28:19; 1Chr 27:26; Neh 10:36; Neh 10:38 compare figurative Job 5:6 (|| עפר); personified Job 31:38; Joel 1:10 also ׳אִישׁ הָא Gen 9:20 (J) tiller, husbandman; meton. ׳אֹהֵב א 2Chr 26:10 i.e. lover of husbandry (or do these point to earlier meaning tillage ? compare Dl^{Pr 105}) ׳אִישׁ עֹבֵד א Zech 13:5.

2. piece of ground, landed property Gen 47:18; Gen 47:19 (3 t. in verse); Gen 47:20; Gen 47:22 (twice in verse); Gen 47:23; Gen 47:26 (all J) Ps 49:12 (plural)

3. earth as material substance; of which man is made Gen 2:7 (׳עָפָד מִןהָֿא); so animals vGen 2:19 (׳מִןהָֿא); altar Exod 20:24 earthen vessels ׳חַרְשֵׂי א Isa 45:9 on head, sign of woe 1Sam 4:12; 2Sam 1:2; 2Sam 15:32 of contrition Neh 9:1 (compare אֵפֶר, עָפָר; ׳מַעֲבֵה הָא 1Kgs 7:46 compare 2Chr 4:17 (firmness of earth, firm earth, clay-ground, for casting-moulds; or clay-moulds (Berthau) ? or is this n.pr. ? Klo proposes בַּמְּעָרָה הָאֲדֻמָּה in the red cave); mule-loads of 2Kgs 5:17 in it lie the dead מִיְּשֵׁנֵי אַדְמַתעָֿפָר Dan 12:2 compare Gen 3:19; Gen 3:23; Ps 146:4.

4. ground as earth's visible surface; ׳רֶמֶס הָא Gen 1:25; Gen 6:20 (both P) Hos 2:20 compare Gen 7:8; Gen 9:2 (J ?) Lev 20:25 (P) Deut 4:18; Ezek 38:20 also Gen 4:10 (J) Isa 24:21; Amos 3:5; Zeph 1:2; Zeph 1:3 as wet with dew 2Sam 17:12 rain 1Kgs 17:14; 1Kgs 18:1 compare personified אֶתפִּֿיהָ ׳פָּֽצְתָה הָא Num 16:30 (P) (|| ארץ vNum 16:32), see vNum 16:31 of particular place, spot קֹדֶשׁ ׳א Exod 3:5 especially as abode of man Gen 4:11; Exod 10:6; Deut 4:10; Deut 4:40; Deut 12:1; 1Sam 20:31; 2Sam 14:7 often ׳פְּנֵי הָא Gen 2:6; Gen 4:14; Gen 6:1; Gen 6:7; Gen 7:4; Gen 7:23; Gen 8:8; Gen 8:13; Exod 32:12; Exod 33:16; Num 12:3; Deut 6:15; Deut 7:6 (all J, D) 1Sam 20:15 + 9 t.

5. land, territory, country (= ארץ) Gen 47:19 (J) Lev 20:24 (J ? — || ארץ) construct before proper name מִצְרַיִם ׳א Gen 47:20; Gen 47:26 יְהוּדָה ׳א Isa 19:17 יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳א Ezek 11:17 + 16 t. Ezekiel; especially of land as promised or given by ׳י to his people = Canaan Gen 28:15; Exod 20:12; Num 11:12; Num 32:11 (all J ?) Deut 5:16 + 16 t. Deuteronomy, Joshua; 1Kgs 8:34; 1Kgs 8:40 +; Jer 16:15; Jer 24:10; Jer 25:5; Jer 35:15; Ezek 28:25; 2Chr 6:25; 2Chr 6:31; 2Chr 7:20; 2Chr 33:8 compare also Deut 12:19; Deut 21:23; Deut 29:27; 2Kgs 17:23; Isa 6:11; Isa 7:16; Isa 14:1 +, Ezek 34:13; Ezek 34:27 +, Neh 9:25 (שְׁמֵנָה ׳א), — in all with 41 t.; + Joel 2:21 (personified); הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳א Zech 2:16 (compare below 4 above); hence also as Yahweh's land Deut 32:43; Isa 14:2; Zech 9:16; 2Chr 7:20.

6. whole earth, inhabited earth (seldom; compare also ׳פְּנֵי הָא below 4 above) Gen 12:3; Gen 28:14 (both J compare אֶרֶץ Gen 18:18; Gen 22:18; Gen 26:4) Deut 14:2; Amos 3:2; Isa 24:21.

7. proper name, of a location city in Naphtali (as built compare אָדָם 4 ? = ed-Dâme ?) west of L. Gennes. Josh 19:36 see Di.

land, earth, ground, lands, husbandry, …

ʾădāmâ

soil (from its general redness)

ground, land

ground (as general, tilled, yielding sustenance)

יִֽשְׂבַּֽע

Root word satisfied, filled, full, satisfy, filleth, …

Dictionary form: שָׂבַע · saw-BA

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: shall have plenty

satisfied ×8 be satisfied ×7 filled ×5 shall be satisfied ×5 and be satisfied ×4 and art full ×2 and be filled ×2 and be full ×2

More options

satisfy — Most versatile; works for both physical and emotional fullness.

be full — Good for contexts of eating or abundance reaching completion.

have enough — Emphasizes sufficiency rather than excess; natural in English.

be satiated — Stronger, slightly formal; implies deep or complete satisfaction.

be content — Suits emotional or relational contexts of fulfillment.

be glutted — Negative connotation; fits contexts of excess or weariness.

BDB8152 H7646

[שָׂבֵעַ,] שָׂבַע₉₆ verb be sated, satisfied, surfeited (Late Hebrew (derived species) = Biblical Hebrew; so Assyrian šebû, Arabic , Aramaic סְבַע, , Palmyrene שבע; the Ethiopic verb of same, meaning is :); —

Qal₇₉ Perfect 3 masculine singular שָׂבַע 1Chr 23:1, ׳וְשׂ consecutive Deut 31:20 3 plural שָׂבֵ֑עוּ Isa 9:19, ׳ושׂ consecutive Deut 14:29; Deut 26:12, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׂבַּע Prov 12:11 +, 3 masculine plural יִשְׂבְּעוּן Ps 104:28, etc.; Imperative שְׂבַעֿ Prov 20:13 Infinitive absolute שָׂבוֺע Joel 2:26; 2Chr 31:10 construct לִשְׂבֹּע Exod 16:8; Lam 5:6, לְשָׂבְעָה Hag 1:6 —

1. be sated (with food), especially human subject:
a. absolute after אָכַל, Hos 4:10; Isa 9:19; Deut 8:10; Exod 16:8 (P), + II t., compare Isa 44:16 (|| אָבַל); exposing men to arrogance Deut 6:11; Deut 8:12; Deut 31:20, compare Hos 13:6 (twice in verse) (Israel under figure of cattle), Jer 50:19 (id.; with ב location; || רָעָה graze); = have (or get) enough to eat Ps 37:19; Ps 59:16, enough to drink Amos 4:8, figurative of sword Jer 46:10, of wine Hab 2:5.
b. with accusative of food Jer 44:17; Lam 5:16; Exod 16:12 (P), + 6 t., compare Ezek 39:29 (of beasts, in figure), of earth, sated with water (rain) Prov 30:16, so of trees (accusative om) Ps 104:16, figurative of requital Prov 18:20 b.
c. with מִן of food Job 19:22 (figurative); figurative of earth having its fill (of rain) Ps 104:13, and (figurative of requital) Prov 18:20a; good sense Prov 12:14 (strike out טוֺב, so Toy), bad sense Prov 1:31; Prov 14:14 with מִן of source Isa 66:11 (figurative).

2. more generally, be sated, have desire satisfied:
a. absolute Ezek 16:28; Ezek 16:29 (i.e. with harlotry), Jer 50:10 (with plunder), Isa 53:11 (with given result); of eyes Prov 27:20, of Sh®°ôl and Abaddon vProv 27:20, compare Prov 30:15 = have abundance Prov 30:9 (exposure to arrogance).
b. with accusative, be satisfied with, have one's fill of: Jer 31:14, compare Ps 17:15; Ps 63:6; Prov 5:10; Eccl 5:9, compare (eye subject) Eccl 4:8 Acc. of sons Ps 17:14 (si versa l., but text dubious, see Ol Du, compare Bae We), days of life, i.e. reach the full limit (+ זָקֵן) 1Chr 23:1; 2Chr 24:15.
c. with ב of goodness Ps 65:5, with מִן id. Eccl 6:3.
d. with ל infinitive, לאֹתִֿשְׂבַּע עַיִן לִרְאוֺת Eccl 1:8 (|| מָלֵא)

3. have in excess, be surfeited with:
a. lit, with honey (accusative) Prov 25:16. b figurative = be weary of, with accusative of offerings Isa 1:11 (subject ׳י), tossings Job 7:4, poverty Prov 28:19, shame Hab 2:16, contempt Ps 123:3; Ps 123:4 with accusative of person Prov 28:17.
c. id., with ב of troubles Ps 88:4, of reproach Lam 3:30. Niph`al Participle נִשְׂבָּע sated Job 31:31. Pi`el satisfy, Imperfect 3 masculine plural יְשַׂבִּ֑עוּ Ezek 7:19 they shall not satisfy their appitite (נֶפֶשׁ; || מִלֵּא); Imperative masculine singular suffix, subject ׳י, שַׂבְּעֵנִי חַסְדֶּ֑ךָ Ps 90:14 (2 accusative).

**Now (after ᵑ6 and ᵐ5 Manuscripts) reads שִבַּעְתָּ Hab 3:9, for שְׁבֻעוֺת, compare GASm; Gr Marti שְׂבֵעַת (adjective feminine construct) thy bow is sated with shafts. We thinks hopeless. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הִשְׂבִּיע Ps 107:9, ׳וְה consecutive Isa 58:11 2 feminine singular הִשְׂבַּ֫עַתְּ Ezek 27:33, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַשְׂבִּעַנִי Job 9:18 2 masculine singular תַּשְׂבִּיעַ Isa 58:10, 1 singular וָאַשְׂבִּעַ Jer 5:7, suffix אַשְׂבִּיעֶ֑ךָּ Ps 81:17 van d. H., אַשְׂבִּיעֶ֑ךָֿ Baer Gi, etc.; Infinitive construct לְהַשְׂבִּיעַ Job 38:27 Participle מַשְׂבִּיעַ Ps 103:5; Ps 145:16 —

1.a. satisfy (especially with material blessings), subject ׳י, with acc. person Jer 5:7 (exposing men to arrogance), Isa 58:11 (accusativeנֶפֶשׁ; of refreshment in drought, ב location, figurative of help and blessing), Ps 107:9 (accusative נֶפֶשׁ; || מִלֵּא), compare Ps 103:5 (ב instrumental, on accusative see עֲדִי); with accusative of ground Job 38:27 (i.e. with rain); human subject, with accusative נֶפֶשׁ Isa 58:10
b. with accusative of food + person, ׳י subject, Ps 81:17 (|| הֶאֱכִיל), Ps 105:40; Ps 132:15; Ps 147:14 with accusative of person + אֹרֶךְ יָמִים Ps 91:16.
c. ׳י subject, accusative of thing + ל person, לְבָלחַֿי רָצוֺן ׳מַשׂ Ps 145:16.
d. ׳י subject, c accusative of beast + מִמְּךָ (of Pharaoh, in prophetic figurative) Ezek 32:4.

2. enrich subject Tyre, with accusative of a people Ezek 27:33 (|| הֶעֱשִׁיר).

3. sate, glut (with the undesired), subject ׳י, with accusative of person + ב of thing Lam 3:15, accusative of person + Job 9:18.

satisfied, filled, full, satisfy, filleth, …

śābaʿ

to sate, i.e., fill to satisfaction (literally or figuratively)

to be satisfied, be sated, be fulfilled, be surfeited

(Qal)

to be sated (with food)

to be weary of (figuratively)

to satisfy

לָ֑חֶם

Root word bread, food, meat, shewbread, loaves, …

Dictionary form: לֶחֶם · leh-HEM

Noun — Common, both singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of bread

bread ×102 of bread ×26 the bread ×24 with bread ×9 food ×8 meat ×8 and bread ×6 loaves ×5

More options

bread — Most direct equivalent; ideal for literal or culinary contexts.

food — Broader sense; use when לֶחֶם means sustenance generally.

grain — Emphasizes agricultural/cereal origin; good in harvest contexts.

loaf — Concrete, countable form; suits passages enumerating baked goods.

provisions — Collective sense; fits travel, military, or supply narratives.

meal — Social/relational nuance; prefer in feasting or hospitality scenes.

BDB4396 H3899

לֶ֫חֶם₂₉₆ noun masculine^{1Sam 9:7} and (rarely) feminine^{Gen 49:20} (see below, and Dr^{1Sam 10:4}) bread, food (Phoenician לחם bread; Late Hebrew לֶחֶם; Aramaic לַחְמָא, , as Hebrew; Arabic flesh, meat, (compare Frä³⁰)); — absolute ׳ל Gen 3:19 +; לָ֑חֶם Gen 31:54 +; לֶ֑חֶם Ps 14:4 + 2 t.; construct לֶחֶם Hos 9:4 +; suffix לַחְמִי Job 3:24 +, לַחְמְךָ Obad 1:7 +, לַחְמָם Hos 9:4b, + vHos 9:4a (for ᵑ0 לָהֶם), We GASm Now, + etc.; —

1. a. bread, the ordinary food of early Hebrews (Benz^{Archaeology 84 ff} Now^{Archaeology i. 109 ff.}) Exod 21:14 (E), Num 21:5; Josh 9:5; Josh 9:12 (JE), Deut 8:3; Deut 23:5; Exod 16:3 (P) +; ׳כִּכַּרלֿ loaf of bread 1Sam 2:36 + (see כִּכָּר below כרר), and without ככר (always with number) 1Sam 10:4; 1Sam 16:20 (see Dr), 1Sam 17:7; 1Sam 21:4; 1Sam 25:18; 2Sam 16:1; 1Kgs 14:3; 2Kgs 4:42; ׳חַלַת ל cake of bread 2Sam 6:19; Exod 29:23 + (see חַלָּה below I. חלל); made from barley (שְׂעֹרִים); Judg 7:13; 2Kgs 4:42 (see also לָחֶם above); from wheat-flour (סֹלֶת חִטִים) Exod 29:2 (P); compare the mixture Ezek 4:9 made by baking (אפה) Isa 44:15; Isa 44:19; Lev 26:26 (H; compare Jer 37:21); ׳פַּתלֿ a bit of bread 1Sam 2:36; 1Kgs 17:11; Prov 28:21, compare Ezek 13:19, as modest term for a hospitable meal Gen 18:5 (J), Judg 19:5; 1Sam 28:22; distinguished from meat (flesh), Gen 27:17 (J) 1Sam 25:11; 1Kgs 17:6 (twice in verse); Exod 16:8; Exod 16:12 (also vExod 16:3 above), Exod 29:32; Exod 29:34; Lev 8:31 (all P), Lev 23:18 (H), 1Chr 12:40; Ps 78:20; Dan 10:3 = a meal 1Sam 20:27, ׳אָכַל ל = take a meal Gen 31:54 (twice in verse); Gen 37:25; Gen 43:25; Gen 43:32 +; אכל לַחְמִי Ps 41:10 eat my bread, establishing an obligation, compare Obad 1:7 (read ׳אֹכְלֵי ל according to Marti^{Kau AT}; strike out ׳ל ᵐ5 Hi We, compare VB) ׳עשׂה ל = make a feast Eccl 10:19 ׳מַטֵּה ל staff of bread (as support of life), only late Ezek 4:16; Ezek 5:16; Ezek 14:13; Lev 26:26 (H), Ps 105:16 cf .׳מִשְׁעַן ל Isa 3:1 (gloss); leavened bread is חָמֵץ ׳ל Lev 7:13 unleavened bread is מַצּוֺת ׳ל Exod 29:2 (both P); (הַ)פָּנִים ׳ל bread of the face (of ׳י; i.e. in his presence, Di^{Lev 24:9} Dr^{1Sam 21:7}); in the sanctuary 1Sam 21:7; 1Kgs 7:48 = 2Chr 4:19; Exod 25:30; Exod 35:13; Exod 39:36, without ׳פ Exod 40:23 (all P); = הַתָּמִיד ׳ל Num 4:7 (P), קֹדֶשׁ ׳ל 1Sam 21:5 in Chronicles הַמַּעֲרָ֑כֶת ׳ל 1Chr 9:32 compare 1Chr 23:29; Neh 10:34, ׳ל ׳מ 2Chr 13:11 opposed to חֹל ׳ל 1Sam 21:5; תְּנוּפִה ׳ל Lev 23:17 wave-loaf; (הַ)בִּכֻּרִים ׳ל vLev 23:20; 2Kgs 4:42 bread of first-fruits.
b. = bread-corn, the material from which bread is made, i.e. wheat, barley, etc.: Gen 41:54; Gen 41:55 (E), Gen 47:13; Gen 47:15; Gen 47:17 (twice in verse); Gen 47:19 (J), Gen 49:20 (poem in J), Isa 28:28; Isa 30:23; Isa 55:10; Jer 5:17; Ezek 48:18; Job 28:5; Prov 28:3; Ps 104:14 הָאָרֶץ ׳ל Num 15:19 (P), ׳ארץ ל 2Kgs 18:32 = Isa 36:17.

2. food in general:
a. of man, Judg 13:16 (kid, vJudg 13:15) 1Sam 14:24 (twice in verse); 1Sam 14:28 (honey), 1Sam 28:20; 1Sam 30:12; Prov 22:9; Prov 27:27 (twice in verse) (goat's milk) +; ׳לְכָלבָּֿשָׂר נֹתֵן ל Ps 136:25. b. of animals, Prov 6:8; Prov 30:25; Prov 65:25; Job 24:5 + Ps 147:9
c. of God (in sacrifices): אֱלֹהֵיהֶם ׳ל (compare RS^{Semitic i. 207, 2nd ed., 224}) Lev 21:6 compare vLev 21:8 vLev 21:17 vLev 21:21 vLev 21:22, Lev 22:25 (all H), compare Num 28:2 (P), Ezek 16:19; Ezek 44:7, and מְגֹאָל ׳ל Mal 1:7, also (׳לי) אִשֶּׁה ׳ל Lev 3:11; Lev 3:16; Num 28:24 (all P).

3. other phrases and figurative uses are:
a. רֶשַׁע ׳ל Prov 4:17 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb with לָחַם), probably = food gained by wickedness ׅ || (יִיִן חֲמָסִים, compare שָׁ֑קֶר ׳ל Prov 20:17, כְּזָבִים ׳ל Prov 23:3 עַצְלוּת ׳ל Prov 31:27 = bread of idleness, i.e. unearned; חֻקִּי ׳לProv 30:8 (opposed to riches and poverty, see חֹק); לַחַץ ׳ל 1Kgs 22:27 = 2Chr 18:26, vid לַחַץ below; הָעֲצָבִים ׳ל Ps 127:2 see II. עֶצָב; אוֺנִים ׳ל Hos 9:4, vid אָוֶן. p.20 a; אֲנָשִׁים ׳ל Ezek 24:17; Ezek 24:22 of food offered to mourners, compare Jer 16:7 (where insert ׳ל ᵐ5 Gf Gie); שַׁלַּח לחמך עלפֿני המים Eccl 11:1 usual interpration of benevolent giving (compare Now); De and others of sea-commerce in bread-stuffs, compare Prov 31:14.
b. figurative לַחְמֵנוּ הֵם Num 14:9 (JE) our food are they, i.e. we will devour, destroy, them (compare Deut 7:16); ׳דִּמְעָתִּי ל Ps 42:4 compare Ps 80:6 (see אכל above); ׳ל of evil deeds of wicked Job 20:14 עֵץ בְּלַחְמוֺ Jer 11:19 apparentlyfig.of destroying the prophet and his house, but read probably בְּלֵחוֺ in its freshness (i.e. untimely), so Hi Gf Che Gie (see לֵחַ below לחח above).

BDB9643 H3900 H3899

לְחֵם (K^{§ 54, 3. 7}) noun masculine feast (ᵑ7 Syriac bread, so Biblical Hebrew, q. v. √ II. לחם); — absolute ׳עֲבַד ל Dan 5:1 made a feast.

bread, food, meat, shewbread, loaves, …

leḥem

food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)

bread, food, grain

bread

bread

וּ מְרַדֵּ֥ף

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

מְרַדֵּ֥ף

Root word pursued, pursue, persecute, follow, chased, …

Dictionary form: רָדַף · raw-DAHP

Verb — Piel, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state intensive — "he really / thoroughly did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: but he that followeth

pursued ×15 and pursued ×8 pursue ×7 persecute ×4 the pursuers ×4 to pursue ×4 and chased ×3 pursueth ×3

More options

pursue — Neutral, versatile; fits military and figurative contexts.

chase — More vivid, physical urgency; good for flight/battle scenes.

hunt down — Implies relentless, predatory tracking of a target.

persecute — Prefer for sustained, hostile oppression of a person or group.

go after — Colloquial; softer tone, suits non-hostile following contexts.

hound — Figurative intensity; good for oppressor-victim imagery.

BDB7775 H7291

רָדַף₁₄₁ verb pursue, chase, persecute (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic רְדַף, ; Arabic ; Sabean רדף id., SabDenkm^{No. 7, 1. 2}); —

Qal₁₂₈ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ר Judg 4:16 +; 1 singular וְרָדַפְתִּ֫י Jer 29:18, etc.; Imperfect יִרְדֹּף Deut 19:6 +, ִירַדֹּף Ps 7:6 (apparently to give choice of Qal or Pi, Ki JHMich Bae and others; Ges^{«GKC:63n»§ 63n} explanation as developed from יִרֲדֹף, compare Ol^{§ 236 e, and, further}, Kö^{i. 160}), suffix יִרְ דְָּפֶ֑ךָ Ezek 35:6 (twice in verse), etc.; Imperative masculine singular רְדֹף Gen 44:4 +, suffix רָדְפֵהוּ Ps 34:15 masculine plural רִדְפוּ Judg 3:28 +; Infinitive construct רָדְפִף Josh 8:16 +, מִרְדֹף 1Sam 23:28; 2Sam 18:16, suffix רָדְפִי Ps 38:21 Qr, רדופי Kt, etc.; Participle רֹדֵף Judg 4:22 +, plural רֹדְפִים Judg 8:4 +; —

1. a. pursue (sometimes + הִשִּׂיג): literal with אַחֲרֵי person, in order to overtake Gen 44:4 (J), 2Kgs 5:21 especially with hostile purpose Gen 31:23 (+ הִדְבִּיק), Gen 35:5; Josh 24:6 (all E), Josh 2:5; Josh 2:7 (twice in verse); Josh 8:16 (twice in verse); Josh 8:17; Josh 10:19 (JE), Deut 11:4; Deut 19:6; Josh 20:5 (all D), Exod 14:4; Exod 14:8; Exod 14:9 (P), Judg 1:6; 2Sam 20:6; 2Sam 20:7; 2Sam 20:10; 2Sam 20:13; 2Kgs 9:27 + 17 t., + 2Kgs 25:5 (אַחַר), + Judg 4:16 (אַחֲרֵי הָרֶכֶב); + רִדְפוּ אַחֲרֵי Judg 3:28 = follow me (as leader; but this meaning not elsewhere; read רְדוּ ᵐ5 Kit GFM).
b. literal, with accusative of person, put to flight, chase (defeated foe; sometimes with הִשִּׁיג): Amos 1:11; Hos 8:3; Deut 32:30 (poem; || הֵנִיס), Deut 28:22; Deut 28:45; Josh 23:10 (D), Lev 26:8 (twice in verse) (H); וְרָדַף אֹתָם קוֺל עָלֶה נִדָּף vLev 26:36 a (H); Josh 7:5; Josh 8:24; Josh 10:10; Josh 11:8 (all J E), Gen 14:15; Deut 1:44; Judg 4:22; Isa 41:3 + 13 t. + Judg 7:25 (read אֶתֿ for אֶלֿ, ᵐ5 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 GFM Bu Now).
c. literal, accusative omitted Judg 8:4; 1Sam 30:8 (+ הִשִּׂיג), v1Sam 30:10; Gen 14:14; Exod 14:23 (P), Exod 15:9 (poem; + הִשִּׂיג), Lev 26:36 b. 37 (H), Prov 28:1 especially participle plural ׳הָר the pursuers Josh 2:16 (twice in verse); Josh 2:22 (twice in verse); Neh 9:11; Isa 30:16, so הָרֹדֵף Josh 8:20; Lam 1:6.
d. chase, hunt, partridge (קֹרֵא) 1Sam 26:20 (in simile; || בִּקֵּשׁ).
e. pursue, in figure, Jer 20:11; Lam 4:19, רִדְפוּ וְתִפְשׂוּהוּ Ps 71:11, compare Lam 1:3; Ps 7:6 (+ הִשִּׂיג; see above); especially subject ׳י, pursue (figurative of punishment, judgment), with accusative of person Jer 29:18 (בַּחֶרֶב), Lam 3:43 and (בְּאַף) vLam 3:66, Ps 83:16 (בְּסַעֲרֶ֑ךָ); אֶתקַֿשׁ יָבֵשׁ תִּרְדֹּף Job 13:25 (|| תַּעַרוֺץ); רֹדְפָם, of ׳מַלְאַךְ י, Ps 35:6. feminine figurative persecute, harass, with accusative of person Deut 30:7; Job 19:22 (כְּמוֺאֵֿל), Ps 69:27; Ps 109:16; Ps 119:86; Ps 119:161 with accusative נַפְשִׁי Ps 143:3, with accusative נֲדִבָתִי Job 30:15 (but subject obscure; read perhaps תֵּרָדֵף Bu; Du תִּנָּדֵף); with ל person Job 19:28 participle as substantive Jer 15:15; Jer 17:18; Ps 7:2; Ps 31:16 (|| אוֺיְבַי; We מְרַדְּפָ֑י for וַרֹדְפָ֑י), Ps 35:3; Ps 119:84; Ps 119:157 (+ צָרַי), Ps 142:7.
g. pursue, dog, subject דָּם, with accusative of person Ezek 35:6 (twice in verse) (del v^a ᵐ5 Co Toy Krae); in good sense, attend closely upon, טוֺב וָחֶסֶד יִרְדְּפוּנִי Ps 23:6.

2. figurative follow after, aim to secure: in bad sense, with accusative שַׁלְמֹנִים Isa 1:23, שֵׁכָר Isa 5:11, קָדִים ׳ר Hos 12:2, רֹדְפֵי זִמָּה Ps 119:150 good sense, with infinitive ׳לְדַעַת אֶתיֿ Hos 6:3, with accusative צֶדֶק Deut 16:20; Isa 51:1 (|| ׳מְבַקְשֵׁי י), צְדָקָה וָחָ֑סֶד Prov 21:21, שָׁלוֺם Ps 34:15 (|| בַּוֵּשׁ), טוֺב Ps 38:21. Niph`al passive: Perfect 1 plural עַלצַֿוָּארֵנוּ נִרְדָּ֑פְנוּ Lam 5:5 upon our neck (i.e. closely) we are pursued (improbable, compare Bu); perhaps Imperfect 3 feminine singular תֵּרָדֵף Job 30:15 Bu (for תִּרְדֹּף); Participle ׳א יְבַקֵּשׁ אֶתנִֿרְדָּ֑ף Eccl 3:15 God seeketh the pursued (i.e. what has disappeared, is past, but dubious). Pi`el Perfect 3 feminine singular consecutive וְרִדְּפָה Hos 2:9 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְרַדֶּףֿ Nah 1:8 (Ps 7:6 see Qal); 3 feminine singular תְּרַדֵּף Prov 13:21 Participle מְרֵדֵּףֿ Prov 11:19 +; — pursue ardently, with accusative of person Hos 2:9 (in figurative); figurative also חשֶׁךְ ׳יְר Nah 1:8 (Gunk^{ZAW xiii (1893), 230}, plausibly, יֶהְדֹּף), compare Prov 13:31 elsewhere participle, in Proverbs: aim (eagerly) to secure, with accusative רָעָה Prov 11:19, רֵיקִים Prov 12:11; Prov 28:19, אֲמָרִים Prov 19:7 (meaning dubious, see Toy); in good sense, צְדָקָה Prov 15:9. Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְרֻדַּף כְמֹץ הָרִים Isa 17:13 it shall be chased away like chaff of the mountains (|| וְנָס). Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix הִרְּדִיפֻהוּ Judg 20:43 usually they chased him (Benjamin, collective), but strange after כִתְּרוּ surrounded (still stranger after כתתו or כרתו ᵐ5), and why Hiph`il? GFM conjecture dittograph of הִדְרִיכֻהוּ following; the reverse conjectured by Bu Now.

BDB7776 H4783 H7291

מֻרְדָּף noun [masculine] persecution (si vera lectio) (formed like Hoph`al Participle); — Isa 14:6, but ᵑ7 Thes and most מִרְדַּת q. v.

pursued, pursue, persecute, follow, chased, …

rādap

to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively [of time] gone by)

to be behind, follow after, pursue, persecute, run after

(Qal)

to pursue, put to flight, chase, dog, attend closely upon

to be pursued

רֵקִים

Root word empty, vain, fellows, emptied

Dictionary form: רֵיק · rake

Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: after vain

vain ×3 a vain ×1 after vain ×1 and emptied ×1 empty ×1 even empty ×1 him vain ×1 is empty ×1

More options

empty — Most direct rendering; suits literal contexts (vessels, hands).

worthless — Best for persons or things of no value or merit.

hollow — Captures physical emptiness with a figurative edge.

futile — Prefer for actions or pursuits that lead nowhere.

void — Formal register; suits legal or solemn contexts.

idle — Good for describing reckless or unproductive persons.

BDB7913 H7386

[רֵיק], רֵק adjective empty, vain — masculine absolute רֵק Gen 37:24 + 2 t.; feminine דֵקָה feminine דֵקָה Ezek 24:11; Isa 29:8 masculine plural רֵ(י)קִים Judg 7:16 +; feminine plural רֵקוֺת Gen 41:27 —

1. empty, of vessels 2Kgs 4:3; Judg 7:16; Ezek 24:11 + (probably) Jer 14:3 (רֵיקִים for דֵיקָם), Jer 51:34 (רֵיק for רִיק); of pit Gen 37:24 (J), lap Neh 5:13, ears of grain Gen 41:27 (E; דֵּקּוֺת vGen 41:6 vGen 41:7 vGen 41:23 vGen 41:24); רֵקָה נַפְשׁוֺ Isa 29:8 (compare Isa 32:6 √

1.).

2. empty, idle, worthless, ethically; אנשׁים ריקים worthless fellows Judg 9:4; Judg 11:3; 2Chr 13:7, so הָרֵקִים alone(as substantive) 2Sam 6:20 מְרַדֵּף רֵיקִים Prov 12:11 AV RV of persons; < vain, unprofitable things, Prov 28:19 (see Toy); מִן ׳דָּבָר ר Deut 32:47 (D) a thing too empty (of significance) for you; + (probably) Ps 4:3 (רֵיק for ᵑ0 רִיק) love an empty thing (|| כזב), of abortive course of action.

BDB7914 H7385 H7386

רִיק noun [masculine] emptiness, vanity; — chiefly in adverb phrase לְרִיק Isa 46:4; Job 39:16 in vain (of labour without benefit), so ׳לָר Lev 26:16; Lev 26:20 (H), Isa 65:23 and as adverb accusative רִיק Isa 30:7; Ps 73:13, probably also Ps 2:1 (most = empty scheme as רֵיק 2) compare Ps 4:3 (read probably רֵיק); בְּדֵי דִיק Jer 51:58 = Hab 2:13. — Jer 51:34 see רֵיק

1. above

empty, vain, fellows, emptied

rêq

empty; figuratively, worthless

empty, vain

empty (of vessels)