Psalms 10:2

בְּגַאֲוַ֣ת רָ֭שָׁע יִדְלַ֣ק עָנִ֑י יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת ז֣וּ חָשָֽׁבוּ

The wicked in his pride doth persecute the poor: let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined.

Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

בְּ גַאֲוַ֣ת

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

גַאֲוַ֣ת

Root word pride, excellency, haughtiness, highness, proud, …

Dictionary form: גַּאֲוָה · ɡa-uh-WAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: in his pride

of pride ×2 pride ×2 and his arrogancy ×1 and in his excellency ×1 are his pride ×1 even of his haughtiness ×1 his excellency ×1 in his pride ×1

More options

pride — Most natural modern default; fits most contexts well.

arrogance — Emphasizes offensive self-importance; good for moral condemnation.

haughtiness — Highlights contemptuous superiority; slightly formal register.

majesty — Positive sense; use when referring to divine or royal grandeur.

boasting — Stresses outward expression of pride; good in speech contexts.

insolence — Strong negative charge; suits prophetic judgment passages.

BDB1399 H1346

גַּאֲוָה noun feminine majesty, pride (compare Syriac ) — Job 41:7 + 6 t.; construct גַּאֲוַת Prov 29:23 + 2 t.; suffix גַּאֲוָתִי Isa 13:3 + 8 t.; —

1. rising up, swelling of the sea Ps 46:4.

2. majesty, of Israel Deut 33:29, Moab Isa 16:6 = Jer 48:29, scales of crocodile Job 41:7, of God Deut 33:26; Ps 68:35.

3. pride, haughtiness Ps 10:2; Ps 31:19; Ps 31:24; Ps 36:12; Ps 73:6; Prov 14:3; Prov 29:23; Isa 9:8; Isa 13:11; Isa 25:11 עליזי גאותי my proudly exulting ones Isa 13:3 compare Zeph 3:11.

pride, excellency, haughtiness, highness, proud, …

gaʾăwâ

arrogance or majesty; by implication, (concretely) ornament

pride, majesty, a rising up

a rising up, swelling (of the sea)

רָ֭שָׁע

Root word wicked, ungodly, wrong, condemned, guilty, …

Dictionary form: רָשָׁע · raw-SHAW

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: the wicked

of the wicked ×84 the wicked ×68 and the wicked ×10 but the wicked ×9 wicked ×8 unto the wicked ×6 when the wicked ×6 a wicked ×5

More options

wicked person — Most direct modern rendering; clear moral condemnation.

evildoer — Active nuance; emphasizes harmful deeds over inner character.

ungodly person — Highlights rebellion against God; suits theological contexts.

villain — Vivid and accessible; better for narrative than legal texts.

guilty one — Prefer in legal or judicial settings; forensic connotation.

wrongdoer — Milder tone; useful when moral charge should be understated.

BDB8124 H7563

רָשָׁע₂₆₃ adjective wicked, criminal; — absolute ׳ר Gen 18:23 +; plural רְשָׁעִים Isa 13:11 +; construct רִשְׁעֵי Ps 75:9 + 3 t. feminine singular רְשָׁעָה Ezek 3:18 (strike out Co), vEzek 3:19 (רָשָׁע Co); —

1. usually as substantive, one guilty of crime, deserving punishment; sometimes also wicked; opposed to צַדִּיע; רָשָׁע Exod 2:13; Exod 23:1 (E), Deut 25:2; Prov 17:23; Prov 18:5; Prov 25:5; Job 9:22; Job 9:24 collective Gen 18:23; Gen 18:25 (twice in verse) (J) Mic 6:10; Prov 3:33; Prov 28:4, רשׁעים 1Sam 24:14; Jer 5:26; Prov 19:28; Prov 20:26; Prov 29:12, אנשׁים רשׁעים 2Sam 4:11 (murderers), רָשָׁע לָמוּת Num 35:31 (P) guilty of death, ׳מוֺשֵׁל ר Prov 28:15, compare Prov 29:2, ׳הִצְדִּיק ר Exod 23:7 (E) Isa 5:23; Prov 17:15 ׳הִרְשִׁיעַ ר Deut 25:1; 1Kgs 8:32 = השׁיב לְרָשָׁע 2Chr 6:23 צַדִּיק ׳אמר לר Prov 24:24.

2. guilty of hostility to God or his people, wicked enemies: רשׁע singular Ps 17:13 + 6 t. Psalms; Isa 26:10 collective Ps 9:6; Ps 9:17; Ps 10:2 + 6 t. Psalms; Isa 11:4; Hab 3:13 רשׁעים Ps 3:8; Ps 7:10; Ps 9:18 + 5 t. Psalms; Isa 48:22; Isa 57:20; Isa 57:21; Jer 25:31; Ezek 21:34; Mal 3:21 ( + (possibly) other cases; often hard to decide); specifically of Pharaoh Exod 9:27 (J), Babylon Isa 13:11; Isa 14:5, Chaldeans Hab 1:4; Hab 1:13 || שׂנְאֵי יהוה 2Chr 19:2.

3. guilty of sin, against either God or man, wicked: האנשׁים הרשׁעים Num 16:26 (J, rebellious Korahites), Mal 3:18 (not serving ׳י), opposed to צַדִּיק; singular individual Ezek 3:18 (twice in verse); Ezek 21:30; Ezek 33:8 (twice in verse); Ps 11:5; Ps 32:10; Prov 9:7 +; collective Isa 3:11; Job 34:18; Job 36:6; Job 36:17 plural רשׁעים Isa 53:9; Jer 23:19 = Jer 30:23, Zeph 1:3; Ps 26:5; Prov 10:3; Eccl 8:10 +; || חסֹידים 1Sam 2:9 (Poem), Ps 12:9; Ps 50:16; Ps 97:10; Ps 145:20 || עֹזְבֵי תוֺדָתֶ֑ךָ Ps 119:53 compare V:61, +; ׳אדם ר Prov 11:7; Job 20:29; Job 27:13 ׳אִישׁ ר Prov 21:29 ׳מלאך ר Prov 13:17 זֶרַע רשׁעים Ps 37:28 עֲצַת רשׁעים Ps 1:1; Job 10:3; Job 21:16; Job 22:18 דֶּרֶךְ רשׁעים Jer 12:1; Ps 1:6; Ps 146:9; Prov 4:19; Prov 12:26 דֶּרֶךְ רשׁע Prov 15:9 מִדַּדְכּוֺ הָֽרְשָׁעה Ezek 3:18; Ezek 3:19 (but see, Co, above); רִשְׁעֵי (ה)ארץ Ps 75:9; Ps 101:8; Ps 119:119; Ezek 7:21 (ᵐ5 Co עריצי). — is rare before exile; chiefly Ezekiel Psalms Wisdom Literature.

wicked, ungodly, wrong, condemned, guilty, …

rāšāʿ

morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person

wicked, criminal

guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)

יִדְלַ֣ק

Root word pursued, kindle, persecute, persecutors, burning, …

Dictionary form: דָּלַק · daw-LAHK

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: doth persecute

against the persecutors ×1 and they shall kindle ×1 burning ×1 doth persecute ×1 from chasing ×1 inflame them ×1 kindle ×1 they pursued ×1

More options

pursue — Best for chase/hunt contexts; most broadly applicable sense.

chase — Vivid, physical pursuit; slightly less intense than 'hunt'.

kindle — Use for fire/flame imagery; modernizes KJV 'kindle' directly.

burn — Fits blazing or inflamed contexts; more concrete than 'kindle'.

persecute — Use when pursuit implies ongoing harassment or oppression.

hunt down — Emphatic, relentless pursuit; suits hostile or violent contexts.

BDB1958 H1814

דָּלַק verb burn (intransitive), hotly pursue (Late Hebrew id., Aramaic דְּלַק, all intransitive burn, kindle; Hiph`il, Aph`el transitive) —

Qal Perfect 2 masculine singular דָּלַקְתָּ Gen 31:36 3 masculine plural וְדָֽלְקוּ consecutive Obad 1:18 suffix דְּלָקֻנִי Lam 4:19 Imperfect יִדְלַק Ps 10:2 Infinitive construct דְּלֹק 1Sam 17:53 Participle active plural דֹּלְקִים Ps 7:14; Prov 26:23 —

1. burn, וְדָֽלְקוּ בָהֶם Obad 1:18 (figurative of Israel ravaging among Edomites, || וַאֲכָלוּם; on construction with בְּ compare 2Kgs 17:25); also in חִצָּיו לְדֹלְקִים יִפְעָ֑ל Ps 7:14 his arrows he maketh burning ones (subject God) RV De Che and others; & שְׂפָתַיִם דֹּלְקִים Prov 26:23 burning (fervent) lips (opposed to לֵב רָ֑ע).

2. hotly pursue Gen 31:36 (E; followed by אַחֲרֵי) 1Sam 17:53 (followed by id.); Ps 10:2; Lam 4:19 (both followed by accusative) Hiph`il Imperfect suffix יַדְלִיקֵם Isa 5:11 Imperative הַדְלֵק Ezek 24:10 — inflame, with accusative, subject wine Isa 5:11 kindle object הָאֵשׁ Ezek 24:10.

BDB9452 H1814 H1815

[דְּלַק] verb burn (Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Participle active דָּלִ֑ק (K^{§ 29, 1}) Dan 7:9 burning fire.

pursued, kindle, persecute, persecutors, burning, …

dālaq

to flame (literally or figuratively)

to burn, hotly pursue

(Qal)

to burn

to kindle

עָנִ֑י

Root word poor, afflicted, lowly

Dictionary form: עָנִי · aw-NEE

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: the poor

the poor ×18 of the poor ×7 am poor ×5 of the afflicted ×5 from the poor ×2 o poor ×2 the afflicted ×2 to the poor ×2

More options

poor — Broadest modern equivalent; fits most contexts naturally.

needy — Emphasizes lack of resources; good for socioeconomic contexts.

oppressed — Highlights external cause of suffering; suits justice passages.

afflicted — Modernizes KJV rendering; stresses hardship and distress.

downtrodden — Vivid; best for prophetic or poetic passages of lament.

humble — Captures lowly/meek nuance; suits wisdom and piety contexts.

BDB6210 H6035 H6041

עָנָי (?; Lag^{BN 48}) noun masculine poor, afflicted, humble, meek; — עָנָו Num 12:3 (Kt; Qr עָנָיו is to ensure the ָ֯ according to Di Kö^{ii. 1. 76}); elsewhere plural עֲנָוִים Isa 29:19 + 11 t. + Kt עֲנָוִים Isa 32:7; Ps 9:19 (Qr עֲנִיִּים); Qr עֲנָוִים Ps 9:13; Ps 10:12; Prov 3:34; Prov 14:21; Prov 16:19 (Kt עניים); construct עַנְוֵי Zeph 2:3 + 2 t., + Kt ענוי (Qr עֲנִיֵּי) Amos 8:4 (so Job 24:4 van d. H.; but עֲנִיֵּי Kt and Qr Baer Ginsb) — these forms shew confusion with עָנִי, which is perhaps only another form of עָנָו (otherwise Rahlfs^{op. cit. 62 f.} Dr^{'Poor' in} Hastings^DB; עָנָו = humble, meek, עָנִי = passive humbled, afflicted); —

1. poor, needy, Prov 14:21 (Qr).

2. poor and weak. oppressed by rich and powerful Amos 2:7; Isa 29:19; Isa 32:7 (Kt); ענוי (ה)ארץ Ps 76:10; Isa 11:4; Zeph 2:3; Amos 8:4 (Kt), Job 24:4.

3. poor, weak and afflicted Israel (usually rendered meek) Ps 10:17; Ps 22:27; Ps 25:9 (twice in verse); Ps 34:3; Ps 37:11; Ps 69:33 (עָנִי 3, also in all these Psalms), Ps 147:6; Ps 149:4; Isa 61:1 (|| נשׁברי לב, compare Isa 66:2 עָנִי 3), Ps 9:19 (Kt) vPs 9:13; Ps 10:12 (Qr).

4. humble, lowly, meek Num 12:3 (Moses); Prov 3:34; Prov 16:19 (both Qr).

BDB6213 H6041

עָנִי adj poor, afflicted, humble; — ׳ע Deut 24:12 + 51 t.; plural עֲיִּים Isa 3:15 + 6 t.; construct עֲנִיֵּי Isa 10:2 + 4 t. (see also Kt and Qr below עָנָו above); suffix עֲנִיֶּיךָ Ps 72:2; Ps 74:19, עֲנִיֶּ֑ךָ Deut 15:11, עֲנִיָּו Isa 49:13 feminine singular עֲנִיָּה Isa 51:21; Isa 54:11 ( + Isa 10:30 ᵑ0, but read עֲנִיהָ, see I. ענה); —

1. poor, needy, || אביון Deut 15:11; Deut 24:14. 15 Prov 31:20, || יתום Job 24:9; Exod 22:24 (E), Deut 24:12 having right to gleanings Lev 19:10; Lev 23:22 (H); ׳יְמֵי ע Prov 15:15, compare Prov 14:21 (Kt).

2. poor and weak, oppressed by the rich and powerful Isa 3:14; Isa 3:15; Isa 32:7 (Qr), Isa 58:7; Isa 29:12; Isa 36:6; Isa 36:15; Prov 30:14; Eccl 6:8; Ezek 18:17; Zech 7:10; Job 24:4, also Amos 8:4 (Qr); || דל Job 34:28; Prov 22:22 עֲנִיֵּי עַמִּי Isa 10:2 עני ואביוך Job 24:14; Prov 31:9; Jer 22:16; Ezek 16:49; Ezek 18:12; Ezek 22:29.

3. poor, weak, afflicted Israel, or pious in Israel afflicted by wicked nations or the wicked in Israel itself Ps 10:2; Ps 10:9 (twice in verse); Ps 14:6 (dubious, compare Ps 53:6) Ps 102:1 (or proper name), Isa 14:32; Hab 3:14 of Zion, עֲנִיָּה Isa 51:21; Isa 54:11 ׳שׁד ע Ps 12:6 ׳יחיד וע Ps 25:16 עני ואביון Ps 35:10; Ps 37:14; Ps 40:18 = Ps 70:6; Ps 74:21; Ps 86:1; Ps 109:16; Ps 109:22, plural Isa 41:17 עני וְכוֺאֵב Ps 69:30 וָרָשׁ ׳ע Ps 82:3 ׳עֱנוּת ע Ps 22:25 וְגֹוֵעַ ׳ע Ps 88:16 || דל Isa 26:6; Zeph 3:12 וּנְכֵהרֿוּחַ ׳ע Isa 66:2 — Zech 11:7; Zech 11:11 see II. כְּנַעֲנִי; — God does not forget them Ps 9:13 (Kt); Ps 9:19 (Qr); Ps 10:12 (Kt) Ps 74:19, but has compassion on them Isa 49:13, saves Ps 34:7, delivers Ps 35:10, and bestows various favours Ps 68:11; Ps 140:13, the king also judges Ps 72:2; Ps 72:4, and delivers Ps 72:12.

4. humble, lowly, Zech 9:9 (victorious king); opposed to לֵצִים Prov 3:34 (Kt); opposed to גֵּאִים Prov 16:19 (Kt); עם עני opposed to רמות עינים Ps 18:28 = 2Sam 22:28.

BDB9783 H6031 H6035 H6041

II. ענה (√ of following; see Biblical Hebrew III. ענה, עָנָו, עָנִי).

poor, afflicted, lowly

ʿānî

depressed, in mind or circumstances

poor, afflicted, humble, wretched

poor, needy

יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ

Root word took, taken, take, hold, handle, …

Dictionary form: תָּפַשׂ · taw-PAHS

Verb — Niphal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: let them be taken

took ×4 take ×3 that handle ×3 and he took ×2 and take ×2 and they took ×2 and took ×2 and took them ×2

More options

seize — Best for forceful, deliberate capture of a person or thing.

grasp — Physical grip or handling; good for objects and tools.

capture — Prefer for prisoners, cities, or military contexts.

catch — Suits pursuit-and-apprehension scenes; slightly informal.

grab — Colloquial; conveys sudden, urgent action.

handle — Best when the focus is skilled use or wielding of an object.

BDB9234 H8610

תָּפַשׂ verb lay hold of, wield ( = Late Hebrew תָּפַשׂ, תָּפַם, Aramaic תְּפַשׂ, תְּפַם); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ת 2Kgs 14:13 +, suffix consecutive וּתְפָשָׂהּ Deut 22:28, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִתְפּשֹׁ Isa 3:6, 1 plural נִתְפְּשֵׂם 2Kgs 7:12, etc.; Imperative masculine plural תִּפְשׂוּ 1Kgs 18:40, etc.; Infinitive absolute תָּפשֹׁ Jer 34:3 construct תְּפשֹׁ Ezek 14:5, לִתְפּשֹׁ Ezek 21:16; Ezek 30:21, suffix לְתָפְשָׂהּ Deut 20:19, etc.; Participle תֹּפֵשׂ Gen 4:21 +, construct תֹּפְשִׂי Jer 49:16 (Ges^{«GKC:90l»§ 90l}), etc.; —

1. lay hold of, seize (with the hand), accusative of person, Gen 39:12 (J; + בְּבִגְדוֺ), also (ב person) Isa 3:6; Deut 21:19; Jer 37:14; Ezek 29:7 (in figurative; + ב instrumental); with ב of thing 1Kgs 11:30; Deut 9:17 arrest, catch, accusative of person 1Sam 23:26; 1Kgs 13:4; 1Kgs 18:40 (twice in verse); Jer 26:8; Jer 37:13; 2Kgs 14:13 = 2Chr 25:23; 2Kgs 25:6 = Jer 52:9; Ps 71:11 in phrase catch, capture alive (חַי), accusative of person Josh 8:28 (JE), 1Sam 15:8; 1Kgs 20:18 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 7:12; 2Kgs 10:14 (twice in verse); seize city (accusative) Josh 8:8 (JE), 2Kgs 14:7; 2Kgs 16:9; 2Kgs 18:13 = Isa 36:1; Deut 20:9; Jer 40:10 figurative Ezek 14:5 seize Israel (accusative) by (ב) their heart (terrorize them); Prov 30:9 seize (do violence to) the name (accusative) of my God; תָּפוּשׂ זָהָב Hab 2:19 grasped (sheathed) in gold; מְרוֺם גִּבְעָה ׳ת Jer 49:16 holding (occupying) the height of the hill.

2. grasp in order to wield, wield, use skilfully : grasp sword בַּכָּף Ezek 21:16 (accusative omitted), compare Ezek 30:21 (ב of sword), and especially participle: תִּפֵשׂ הַקֶּשֶׁת Amos 2:15, תֹּפֵשׂ כִנּוֺר Gen 4:21 (J), מַגָּל ׳ת Jer 50:16, תֹּפְשֵׂי מָגֵן Jer 46:9a (strike out ׳ת vJer 46:9b ᵐ5 Gie Co Du), מָשׁוֺט ׳ת Ezek 27:29, חֲרָבוֺת Ezek 38:4 even הַתּוֺרָה ׳ת Jer 2:8 they that handle (deal with, are expert in) the law, הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳ת Num 31:27 (P) those skilled in war. — Jer 34:8 see below Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִתְפַּשׂ Ezek 19:4, 2 feminine singular נִתְפַּשְׂתְּ Jer 50:24, etc.; Imperfect 3 feminine singular וַתִּתָּפֵשׂ Jer 51:41, 2 masculine singular תִּתָּפֵשׂ Jer 34:3; Jer 38:23, etc.; Infinitive construct לְהִתָּפֵשׂ Ezek 21:28 — be seized, arrested, caught (sometimes || נִלְכַּד), subject person, Jer 38:23 (ב instrumental), Jer 50:24 (figurative of Babylonian ), also (with ב instrumental) Ezek 12:13; Ezek 17:20; Ezek 19:4; Ezek 19:8 (both figurative of Israel), Ezek 21:29, and (without ב) v.Ezek 21:28; Num 5:13 + Infinitive absolute Qal תָּפשֹׁ תִּתָּפֵשׂ Jer 34:3 be seized, of fortress, city Jer 48:41 (both || נִלְכַּד), Jer 50:46, compare Jer 51:32 figurative Ps 10:2 may they be caught in (ב) the devices which they have planned. Pi`el Imperfect 2 masculine singular תְּתַפֵּשׂ Prov 30:28 a lizard thou mayest grasp with the hands (ב); — or read תִּתָּפֵשׂ Niph`al Imperfect 3 feminine singular, see De Toy.

I. תֹּ֫פֶת see תוף.

took, taken, take, hold, handle, …

tāpaś

to manipulate, i.e., seize; chiefly to capture, wield, specifically, to overlay; figuratively, to use unwarrantably

to catch, handle, lay hold, take hold of, seize, wield

(Qal)

to lay hold of, seize, arrest, catch

בִּ מְזִמּ֖וֹת

בִּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

מְזִמּ֖וֹת

Root word devices, discretion, device, thoughts, wickedly, …

Dictionary form: מְזִמָּה · meh-dzim-MAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: in the devices

and discretion ×2 discretion ×2 of wicked devices ×2 a mischievous ×1 a mischievous device ×1 against thee wickedly ×1 and the devices ×1 his device ×1

More options

scheme — Broadly useful; covers both neutral and negative contexts.

plan — Neutral register; prefer when context is positive or wise.

discretion — Modernizes KJV; best for wisdom-literature, positive sense.

shrewd thinking — Captures the cognitive, deliberate nuance of the lemma.

wicked device — Use when context is clearly malicious or sinful.

intent — Good for interior motive rather than outward plot.

BDB2383 H4209

מְזִמָּה noun feminine purpose, discretion, device (Jeremiah and Wisdom Literature), מְזִמָּה Job 42:2 + 5 t.; הַמְּזִמָּ֫תָה Jer 11:15

**altogether עָֽשְׂתָה מְזִמֹּת ַהנְדָרִים וּבְשַׂר קֹדֶשׁ יִעֲבִרוּ מֵעָלַיִח תָעָתֵךְ (but read for רַבִּים ׳המ with ᵐ5 הַמְּזִמֹּת ַהנְדָרִים); מְזִמָּתוֺ Jer 51:11 plural absolute מְזִמּוֺת Ps 37:7 + 7 t.; construct id. Jer 23:20; Jer 30:24 suffix מְזִמּוֺתָיו Ps 10:4 —

1. of ׳י's purposes Job 42:2 chiefly in punishment (compare זָמַם, זִמָּה) Jer 23:20; Jer 30:24; Jer 51:11(|| זמם vJer 51:12).

2. power of devising, discretion Prov 1:4 (|| דַּעַת), Prov 2:11 (|| תְּבוּנָה), Prov 3:21 (|| תֻּשִׁיָּה), Prov 5:2 (|| דַּעַת); דַּעַת מְזִמּוֺת Prov 8:12.

3. a. evil thoughts of men Ps 10:4, evil devices of men Job 21:27 (|| מחשׁבות), Ps 10:2; Ps 21:12 (both with חָשַׁב).
b. wickedness in act Jer 11:15; Ps 37:7 (both with עָשָׂה), Ps 139:20 לִמְזִמָּה = wickedly; — note phrases: מְזִמּוֺת אישׁ a man of (evil) devices (or practices) Prov 12:2 (opposed to טוֺכ) Prov 14:17 בַּעַלמְֿזִמּוֺת Prov 24:8 (|| מְחַשֵּׁב לְהָרֵעַ; see בַּעַל).

devices, discretion, device, thoughts, wickedly, …

mĕzimmâ

a plan, usually evil (machination), sometimes good (sagacity)

purpose, discretion, device, plot

purpose

ז֣וּ

Particle who, which, that

Dictionary form: זוּ · dzoo

Particle — Relative

In the KJV here: that

which ×4 that ×3 this ×3 wherein ×2 he against whom ×1 imputing this ×1 that which ×1

More options

that — Most neutral, broadly applicable relative or demonstrative use.

which — Preferred when referring to things rather than persons.

who — Use when the antecedent is a person or group.

this — Demonstrative sense; highlights proximity or immediacy.

whom — Accusative/object role with a personal antecedent.

where — Locative sense; use when 'wherein' fits the context.

BDB2292 H2098

זוּ pronoun (poetry), indeclinable.

1. a demonstrative Hab 1:11 זוּ כֹחוֺ this his strength, Ps 12:8 מִןהַֿדּוֺר זוּ (unusual, for הַזֶּה), Ps 62:12 שְׁתַּיִםזֿוּ שָׁמַעָתִּי these two things &c. (but: better (Wickes^{Post. Acc. 64}) שְׁ֖תַּיִם ז֣וּ two things (are there) which &c.: see 2). 2 a relative, Exod 15:13 עַםזֿוּ גָאָ֑לְתָּ the people which thou hast redeemed, vExod 15:16; Isa 42:24 זוּ חָטָאנוּ לוֺ against whom we sinned, Isa 43:21; Ps 9:16 (feminine) רֶשֶׁתשֿזוּ ָפמנוּ so Ps 31:5; Ps 10:2; Ps 17:9 (with a plural antecedent) מִפְּנֵי רְשָׁעִים זוּ שַׁדּוּנִי, Ps 32:8; Ps 68:29 (thou) who hast wrought for us ! Ps 142:4; Ps 143:8. To most of these paasages the remark made under זה 5 respecting the intention of the punctuators also applies: compare De on Ps 9:16. (compare , used as an indeclinable relative pronoun = in the Tayyite dialect: thus there has come upon them that which has come: it is we who have done this. See Schu^{Hariri Cons. ii. 75}, Thes⁴⁰⁶, W^{AG. i. 347, e}, Lane^{p. 986}, Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. p. 359}.)

which, this, that, wherein, whom

zû

this or that

(demons pron) this, such

חָשָֽׁבוּ

Root word counted, devise, thought, cunning, imagine, …

Dictionary form: חָשַׁב · haw-SHAHB

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: they have imagined

of cunning ×4 think ×3 thought ×3 with cunning ×3 accounted ×2 deviseth ×2 do ye imagine ×2 he hath purposed ×2

More options

think — Broadest fit; covers internal reasoning or opinion.

consider — Suggests careful, deliberate mental engagement.

reckon — Best for accounting, counting, or formal calculation contexts.

devise — Emphasizes intentional planning or scheming.

regard — Use when the sense is estimating someone's worth or status.

intend — Captures purposeful aim; good for volitional contexts.

BDB3205 H2803

חָשַׁב verb think, account (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic חֲשַׁב, ; Arabic ; Ethiopic id.; Phoenician noun חשב meaning dubious see CIS^{i. 86}) —

Qal Perfect ׳ח Isa 33:8 + 9 t.; חָשַׁבְתָּה 2Sam 14:13 etc.; Imperfect יַחְשֹׁב Isa 10:7 + 4 t.; יַחֲשָׁבֿ 2Sam 19:20; Ps 40:18 suffix יַחְשְׁבֵנִי Job 19:11; Job 33:10 plural יַחְשְׁבוּ Ps 41:8; Dan 11:25 יַחְשֹׁ֑בוּ Isa 13:17 יַחֲשֹׁבוּן Ps 35:20 נַחְשְׁבָה Jer 18:18, etc. + 9 t. Imperfect; Infinitive construct לַחְשֹׁב Exod 31:4 + 3 t.; Participle חשֵׁב Exod 26:1 + 15 t., חוֺשֵׁב 2Chr 26:15 חשְׁבִים Neh 6:2 + 3 t., חשְׁבֵי Mic 2:1 + 3 t.; —

I. of man:

1. think, account לבבו לא כן יחשׁב Isa 10:7 not so thinketh his mind; חשׁבי שׁמוֺ Mal 3:16 those thinking of his name; followed by 2 accusative חשׁבנהו נגוע Isa 53:4 we thought him stricken; elsewhere with accusative + לְ Gen 38:15 (J), 1Sam 1:13; Job 19:15; Job 35:2; Job 41:24 so, figurative, of crocodile Job 41:19 he reckoneth iron as straw.

2. devise, plan, mean, with accusative מַחֲשֶׁבֶת רָעָה Ezek 38:10, רעה Ps 35:4; Ps 140:3; Zech 7:10; Zech 8:17, תַּהְפֻּכ֑וֺת Prov 16:30, מְזִמּוֺת Ps 10:2; Ps 21:12, דִּבְרֵי מִרְמוֺת Ps 35:20, אָוֶן Mic 2:1; Ezek 11:2; Ps 36:5, הַוּוֺת Ps 52:4 רע(ה) על ׳ח devise evil against Gen 50:20 (E), Jer 48:2; Nah 1:11, רעה לְ ׳ח Ps 41:8, מַחֲשֶׁבֶת על ׳ח Jer 11:19; Jer 18:18; Jer 49:30; Dan 11:25; Esth 8:3; Esth 9:25, כזאת על ׳ח 2Sam 14:13 with infinitive 1Sam 18:25; Jer 18:8; Jer 23:27; Job 6:26; Neh 6:2; Neh 6:6; Esth 9:24; Ps 140:5 with לבלתי + Imperfect 2Sam 14:14 (where, however, Ew reads חוֺבֵ for וחשׁב compare We Dr; in this case לבלתי carries on לֹא יִשָּׂא).

3. charge, impute ׳עון ל ׳ח, 2Sam 19:20 impute iniquity to.

4. esteem, value, regard, silver Isa 13:17, a man Isa 33:8, the servant of ׳י Isa 53:3.

5. invent ingenious and artistic things, להם כלי שׁיר ׳ח Amos 6:5 invent for themselves instruments of music; (כל) מחשׁבת ׳ח invent cunning work (of artistic devices in construction of tabernacle) Exod 31:4; Exod 35:32; Exod 35:35 (all P), so 2Chr 2:13 מַעֲשֵׂה חשֵׁב work of the cunning (ingenious, inventive) workman (of artistic devices in weaving; see especially VB and Di) Exod 26:1; Exod 26:31; Exod 28:6; Exod 28:15; Exod 36:8; Exod 36:35; Exod 39:3; Exod 39:8 (all P); מַחֲשֶׁבֶת חוֺשֵׁב 2Chr 26:15 inventions of inventive men (of engines of war); חָרָשׁ וְחשֵׁב craftsman and inventive workman (in construction of tabernacle, see above) Exod 35:35; Exod 38:23 (P). II. of God:

1. think, with accusative pers + לְ indirect object account one לאויב, for an enemy Job 13:24; Job 33:10 לוֺ כצריו ׳ח Job 19:11 he accounted me unto him as his adversaries.

2. devise, plan, mean, with accusative + ל indirect object לטבה for good Gen 50:20 (E); with ל person לִי devise for me Ps 40:18 accusative of thing + עַל, devise something against a person Mic 2:3; Jer 18:11 towards one Jer 29:11, with אל against Jer 49:20; Jer 50:45 followed by infinitive Jer 26:3; Jer 36:3; Lam 2:8.

3. impute, reckon, with accusative of thing + ל person, the habit of believing in ׳י he reckoned to Abram as righteousness Gen 15:6 (J E; compare Niph`al 3); not impute iniquity to one Ps 32:2. Niph`al Perfect נֶחְשַׁב Num 18:27; Num 18:30, נֶחְשַׁבְתִּי Ps 88:5 etc. + 10 t. Perfect; Imperfect יֵחָשֵׁב Lev 7:18 + 7 t., etc., + 6 t. Imperfect; Participle נֶחְשָׁב Isa 2:22; 1Kgs 10:21; 2Chr 9:20: —

1. be accounted, thought, esteemed, with כְּ as Hos 8:12; Isa 5:28; Isa 29:16; Isa 40:15; Ps 44:23; Job 18:3; Job 41:21 with לְ Isa 29:17 = Isa 32:15, Lam 4:2 עִם with, among Ps 88:5, בַּמֶּה Isa 2:22 at what (value) ? (see probably interpolated; omitted by ᵐ5); with accusative Deut 2:11; Deut 2:20; Prov 17:28; Neh 13:13 נָכְרִיּוֺת נֶחְשַׁבְנוּ לוֺ Gen 31:13 (E; ᵐ5 Sam ׳כְּנֶח) Isa 40:17.

2. be computed, reckoned, with לְ Josh 13:3 (D), עַל Lev 25:31 (P), 2Sam 4:2: absolute כסף was not counted (so plentiful was it) 1Kgs 10:21 = 2Chr 9:20; 2Kgs 22:7.

3. be imputed to any one, with לְ Lev 7:18; Num 18:27; Num 18:30 (all P), Lev 17:4 (H) Prov 27:14 the interposition of Phinehas לוֺ לצדקה ׳נח Ps 106:31 was imputed to him for righteousness (compare Qal II 3). Pi`el Perfect 3 masculine singular חִשַּׁב Lev 25:27 + 4 t.; feminine חִשְּׁבָה Jonah 1:4 1 singular חִשַּׁבְתִּי Ps 77:6; Ps 119:59 Imperfect יְחַשֵּׁב Prov 16:9; Dan 11:24, תְּחַשְּׁבוּן Nah 1:9, etc., + 4 t. Imperfect; Participle מְחַשֵּׁב Prov 24:8: —

1. think upon, consider, be mindful of, with accusative Ps 77:6; Ps 119:59, (מה) בֶּןאֱֿנוֺשׁ וַתְּחַשְּׁבֵהוּ Ps 144:3 what (is) man's son, and thou thinkest upon him (|| תֵּדָעֵהוּ).

2. think to do, devise, plan, with accusative Prov 16:9, אֶל of persons against whom Hos 7:15; Nah 1:9, עַל Dan 11:24 with infinitive Ps 73:16; Prov 24:8 so of inanimate object הָאֳנִיָּה חִשְּׁבָה לְהִשָּׁבֵר Jonah 1:4 the ship was about to (minded to) be broken up.

3. count, reckon, the years since a sale of land Lev 25:27 (H); with לְ person Lev 25:52 (H), Lev 27:18; Lev 27:23 (P); with עִם Lev 25:50 (P); with אֶת 2Kgs 12:16. Hithpa`el Imperfect בַּגּוֺיִם לֹא יִתְחַשָּׁ֑ב Num 23:9 (JE) among the nations it shall not reckon itself.

BDB9545 H2803 H2804

[חֲשַׁב] verb think, account (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Participle pass plural כְּלָה חֲשִׁיבִון Dan 4:32 like those not accounted of, of no account, Bev Dr.

counted, devise, thought, cunning, imagine, …

ḥāšab

properly, to plait or interpenetrate, i.e., (literally) to weave or (generally) to fabricate; figuratively, to plot or contrive (usually in a malicious sense); hence (from the mental effort) to think, regard, value, compute

to think, plan, esteem, calculate, invent, make a judgment, imagine, count

(Qal)

to think, account

to be accounted, be thought, be esteemed

to think upon, consider, be mindful of

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.

בְּגַאֲוַ֣ת רָ֭שָׁע Dechi — a lesser break יִדְלַ֣ק עָנִ֑י Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ Shalshelet Gedolah — a lesser break בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת ז֣וּ חָשָֽׁבוּ Silluq — end of the verse

בְּגַאֲוַת רָשָׁע יִדְלַק עָנִי יִתָּפְשׂוּ׀ בִּמְזִמּוֹת זוּ חָשָֽׁבוּ׃

The wicked in his pride doth persecute the poor: let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined.

Cross References

Psalms 59:12

חַטַּאת-פִּימוֹ דְּֽבַר-שְׂפָתֵימוֹ וְיִלָּכְדוּ בִגְאוֹנָם וּמֵאָלָה וּמִכַּחַשׁ יְסַפֵּֽרוּ׃

For the sin of their mouth and the words of their lips let them even be taken in their pride: and for cursing and lying which they speak.

Psalms 7:16

יָשׁוּב עֲמָלוֹ בְרֹאשׁוֹ וְעַל קָדְקֳדוֹ חֲמָסוֹ יֵרֵֽד׃

His mischief shall return upon his own head, and his violent dealing shall come down upon his own pate.

Psalms 36:11

אַל-תְּבוֹאֵנִי רֶגֶל גַּאֲוָה וְיַד-רְשָׁעִים אַל-תְּנִדֵֽנִי׃

Let not the foot of pride come against me, and let not the hand of the wicked remove me.

Proverbs 5:22

עֲֽווֹנֹתָיו יִלְכְּדֻנוֹ אֶת-הָרָשָׁע וּבְחַבְלֵי חַטָּאתוֹ יִתָּמֵֽךְ׃

His own iniquities shall take the wicked himself, and he shall be holden with the cords of his sins.

Psalms 119:122

עֲרֹב עַבְדְּךָ לְטוֹב אַֽל-יַעַשְׁקֻנִי זֵדִֽים׃

122

Be surety for thy servant for good: let not the proud oppress me.

Psalms 31:18

תֵּאָלַמְנָה שִׂפְתֵי שָׁקֶר הַדֹּבְרוֹת עַל-צַדִּיק עָתָק בְּגַאֲוָה וָבֽוּז׃

Let the lying lips be put to silence; which speak grievous things proudly and contemptuously against the righteous.

Isaiah 10:12

וְהָיָה כִּֽי-יְבַצַּע אֲדֹנָי אֶת-כָּל-מַֽעֲשֵׂהוּ בְּהַר צִיּוֹן וּבִירוּשָׁלִָם אֶפְקֹד עַל-פְּרִי-גֹדֶל לְבַב מֶֽלֶךְ-אַשּׁוּר וְעַל-תִּפְאֶרֶת רוּם עֵינָֽיו׃

Wherefore it shall come to pass, that when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.

Psalms 119:69

טָפְלוּ עָלַי שֶׁקֶר זֵדִים אֲנִי בְּכָל-לֵב׀ אֱצֹּר פִּקּוּדֶֽיךָ׃

The proud have forged a lie against me: but I will keep thy precepts with my whole heart.

Psalms 119:85

כָּֽרוּ-לִי זֵדִים שִׁיחוֹת אֲשֶׁר לֹא כְתוֹרָתֶֽךָ׃

The proud have digged pits for me, which are not after thy law.

Psalms 140:5

טָֽמְנֽוּ-גֵאִים׀ פַּח לִי וַחֲבָלִים פָּרְשׂוּ רֶשֶׁת לְיַד-מַעְגָּל מֹקְשִׁים שָֽׁתוּ-לִי סֶֽלָה׃

The proud have hid a snare for me, and cords; they have spread a net by the wayside; they have set gins for me. Selah.

Jeremiah 43:2

וַיֹּאמֶר עֲזַרְיָה בֶן-הוֹשַֽׁעְיָה וְיוֹחָנָן בֶּן-קָרֵחַ וְכָל-הָאֲנָשִׁים הַזֵּדִים אֹמְרִים אֶֽל-יִרְמְיָהוּ שֶׁקֶר אַתָּה מְדַבֵּר לֹא שְׁלָחֲךָ יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵינוּ לֵאמֹר לֹֽא-תָבֹאוּ מִצְרַיִם לָגוּר שָֽׁם׃

Then spake Azariah the son of Hoshaiah, and Johanan the son of Kareah, and all the proud men, saying unto Jeremiah, Thou speakest falsely: the LORD our God hath not sent thee to say, Go not into Egypt to sojourn there:

Psalms 119:5

אַחֲלַי יִכֹּנוּ דְרָכָי לִשְׁמֹר חֻקֶּֽיךָ׃

O that my ways were directed to keep thy statutes!

Isaiah 14:16

רֹאֶיךָ אֵלֶיךָ יַשְׁגִּיחוּ אֵלֶיךָ יִתְבּוֹנָנוּ הֲזֶה הָאִישׁ מַרְגִּיז הָאָרֶץ מַרְעִישׁ מַמְלָכֽוֹת׃

They that see thee shall narrowly look upon thee, and consider thee, saying, Is this the man that made the earth to tremble, that did shake kingdoms;

Psalms 9:15

טָבְעוּ גוֹיִם בְּשַׁחַת עָשׂוּ בְּרֶֽשֶׁת-זוּ טָמָנוּ נִלְכְּדָה רַגְלָֽם׃

The heathen are sunk down in the pit that they made: in the net which they hid is their own foot taken.

Isaiah 14:13

וְאַתָּה אָמַרְתָּ בִֽלְבָבְךָ הַשָּׁמַיִם אֶֽעֱלֶה מִמַּעַל לְכֽוֹכְבֵי-אֵל אָרִים כִּסְאִי וְאֵשֵׁב בְּהַר-מוֹעֵד בְּיַרְכְּתֵי צָפֽוֹן׃

For thou hast said in thine heart, I will ascend into heaven, I will exalt my throne above the stars of God: I will sit also upon the mount of the congregation, in the sides of the north:

Exodus 9:17

עֽוֹדְךָ מִסְתּוֹלֵל בְּעַמִּי לְבִלְתִּי שַׁלְּחָֽם׃

As yet exaltest thou thyself against my people, that thou wilt not let them go?

Exodus 18:11

עַתָּה יָדַעְתִּי כִּֽי-גָדוֹל יְהוָה מִכָּל-הָֽאֱלֹהִים כִּי בַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר זָדוּ עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃

Now I know that the LORD is greater than all gods: for in the thing wherein they dealt proudly he was above them.

Psalms 10:1

Read Psalms 10

Psalms 10:3

Psalms 10:2

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncfsc

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1346

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Aamsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7563

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqi3ms

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1814

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Aamsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6041

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar VNi3mp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H8610

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncfpa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4209

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Tr

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2098

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqp3cp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2803

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV