Psalms 107:12

וַיַּכְנַ֣ע בֶּעָמָ֣ל לִבָּ֑ם כָּ֝שְׁל֗וּ וְאֵ֣ין עֹזֵֽר

Therefore he brought down their heart with labour; they fell down, and there was none to help.

Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וַ יַּכְנַ֣ע

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יַּכְנַ֣ע

Root word humbled, subdued, down, humble, humbleth, …

Dictionary form: כָּנַע · kaw-NA

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: therefore he brought down

and humbled ×2 and subdued ×2 humbled themselves ×2 subdued ×2 were subdued ×2 and bring him low ×1 and humbled himself ×1 and they were subdued ×1

More options

humble — Best for reflexive/voluntary self-lowering before God.

subdue — Best for forceful conquest or suppression of enemies.

bring low — Emphasizes reduction of status or power.

submit — Highlights willing yielding to authority or God.

bow down — Captures the physical/posture dimension of submission.

subjugate — Formal register; suits military or political contexts.

BDB4091 H3665

[כָּנַע] verb be humble, only in derived conjugation (Aramaic כְּנַע id.; Arabic is be contracted, wrinkled; also fold wings (of eagle)) —

Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִכְנַע 1Kgs 21:29 + 3 t.; 3 plural נִכְנְעוּ 2Chr 12:7; 2Chr 30:11 נִכְנָ֑עוּ 2Chr 12:7 Imperfect יִכָּנַע Lev 26:41 + 3 t.; 3 feminine singular וַתִּכָּנַע Judg 3:30 2 masculine singular וַתִּכָּנַע 2Kgs 22:19 + 2 t.; 3 masculine plural וְיִכָּֽנְעוּ 2Chr 7:14 + 5 t.; יִכָּנֵ֑עוּ 1Chr 20:4 Infinitive הִכָּנַע 2Chr 33:23 suffix הִכָּֽנְעוֺ 2Chr 12:12; 2Chr 33:19 —

1. reflex. humble oneself Lev 26:41 (H; subject לְבָבָם), 2Chr 7:14; 2Chr 12:6; 2Chr 12:7 (twice in verse); 2Chr 12:12; 2Chr 30:11; 2Chr 32:26; 2Chr 33:19; 2Chr 33:23 before some one, לִפְנֵי 2Chr 34:27 מִלִּפְנֵי 1Kgs 21:29; 2Chr 33:12; 2Chr 33:23; 2Chr 34:27; 2Chr 36:12 מִפְּנֵי 1Kgs 21:29; 2Kgs 22:19.

2. pass. be humbled, subdued 1Sam 7:13; 1Chr 20:4; 2Chr 13:18 followed by לִפְנֵי person Judg 8:28 מִפְּנֵי Judg 11:33 under some one תַּחַת Judg 3:30; Ps 106:42. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הִכְנִיעַ 2Chr 28:19 1 singular הִכְנַעְתִּי 1Chr 17:10 Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיַּכְנַע Judg 4:23; Ps 107:12 suffix יַכְנִיעֵם Deut 9:3 + 2 t.; 2 masculine singular תַּכְנִיעַ Isa 25:5 וַתַּכְנַע Neh 9:24 1 singular אַכְנִיעַ Ps 81:15 Imperative הַכְנִיעֵהוּ Job 40:12 —

1. humble 2Chr 28:19; Job 40:12; Ps 107:12 (object לֵב), Isa 25:5 (object שְׁאוֺן זָרִים).

2. subdue enemies 2Sam 8:1 = 1Chr 18:1; 1Chr 17:10; Ps 81:15 followed by לִפְנֵי Deut 9:3; Judg 4:23; Neh 9:24.

humbled, subdued, down, humble, humbleth, …

kānaʿ

properly, to bend the knee; hence, to humiliate, vanquish

to be humble, be humbled, be subdued, be brought down, be low, be under, be brought into subjection

(Niphal)

to humble oneself

to humble

בֶּ עָמָ֣ל

בֶּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)

עָמָ֣ל

Root word labour, mischief, misery, travail, trouble, …

Dictionary form: עָמָל · aw-MAWL

Noun — Common, both singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: with labour

his labour ×5 mischief ×5 my labour ×4 the labour ×4 in his labour ×2 labour ×2 also and sorrow ×1 and in thy labour ×1

More options

toil — Best for exhausting physical or mental effort.

trouble — Broad; suits contexts of hardship or distress.

misery — Emphasizes emotional or existential suffering.

wickedness — Prefer when moral wrongdoing is in view.

hardship — Neutral, modern; good for general suffering contexts.

grief — Suits lamenting or sorrowful poetic passages.

BDB6137 H5999

I. עָמָל noun masculine^{Job 4:8} feminine^{Eccl 10:15} (against Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 113}, see Kö^{Synt. § 249 m}) trouble, labour, toil (on this form as abstract see Lag^{BN 143} Ba^{NB 105}); — ׳ע Num 23:21 +; construct עֲמַל Judg 10:16 +; suffix עֲמָלִי Gen 41:51 +, etc.; —

1. trouble (|| sorrow): one's own suffering, עָמָל וְיָגוֺן Jer 20:18 וָכַעַס ׳ע Ps 10:14 עֳנִי ׳וע Deut 26:7; Ps 25:18 וָאָ֑וֶן ׳ע Ps 90:10 || אָוֶן Num 23:21; Job 5:6 || שָֽׁוְא Job 7:3 נפשׁו ׳ע Isa 53:11 בְּעֵינָ֑י ׳ע Ps 73:16 מֵעֵינָ֑י ׳וַיַּסְתֵּר ע Job 3:10 ׳מְנַחֲמֵי ע Job 16:2 ׳אדם לע יוּלָּד Job 5:7 אנושׁ אינימוֺ ׳בע Ps 73:5 ׳שׁכח ע Job 11:16 ׳נַשַּׁנִי ע Gen 41:51 (E); לא זכר ׳ע Prov 31:7 תקצר ׳נפשׁו בע Judg 10:16.

2. trouble, mischief, as done to others: || שֹׁד Prov 24:2 ׳יֹצֵר ע Ps 94:20 || רָע Hab 1:13 בְראֹשׁוֺ ׳יָשׁוּב ע Ps 7:17 וָאָ֑וֶן ׳ע Ps 10:7 ׳און וע Ps 55:11 || אָוֶן Isa 10:1; Isa 59:4; Hab 1:3; Ps 7:15; Job 4:8; Job 15:35 עֲמַל שְׂפָתֵימוֺ Ps 140:10 mischief of their lips.

3. toil, labour (late in Hebrew): Eccl 2:10 (twice in verse); Eccl 2:21; Eccl 2:24; Eccl 3:13; Eccl 4:4; Eccl 4:6; Eccl 4:8; Eccl 4:9; Eccl 5:14; Eccl 5:18; Eccl 6:7; Eccl 8:15; Eccl 10:15 with עָמַל (q. v.) Eccl 1:3; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:19; Eccl 2:20; Eccl 5:17 שֶׁאֲנִי שְׁהוּא) עָמֵל ׳ע Eccl 2:18; Eccl 2:22 אֲשֶׁר עָמֵל ׳ע Eccl 9:9 = fruit of labour, לְאֻמִּים יִירָ֑שׁוּ ׳ע Ps 105:44 לִבָּם ׳וַיַּכְנַע בע Ps 107:12 he humbled their mind by toil.

labour, mischief, misery, travail, trouble, …

ʿāmāl

toil, i.e., wearing effort; hence, worry, whether of body or mind

toil, trouble, labor

trouble

כָּ֝שְׁל֗וּ

Root word fall, stumble, down, feeble, stumbled, …

Dictionary form: כָּשַׁל · kaw-SHAHL

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: they fell down

shall fall ×6 stumble ×4 to fall ×4 fall ×3 shall stumble ×2 the feeble ×2 they shall stumble ×2 they stumble ×2

More options

stumble — Best for physical or moral misstep contexts.

fall — Broad physical or figurative collapse; most neutral.

collapse — Suggests total failure or breakdown; stronger register.

falter — Good for weakness or hesitation without full fall.

be brought down — Prefer for passive or military overthrow contexts.

give way — Suits structural or physical feebleness imagery.

BDB4224 H3782

כָּשַׁל verb stumble, stagger, totter (Late Hebrew id.; Syriac [] give offence (occasion for stumbling), σκανδαλιζω, (chiefly Ethpe`el Aph`el), see PS Brock Schw; Arabic is be heavy, sluggish); —

Qal Perfect ׳כ Neh 4:4 +, (Hos 5:5b read יִכָּשֵׁל, compare We), כָּֽשְׁלָה Isa 3:8; Isa 59:14 כָּֽשְׁלוּ Jer 46:6 +, כָּשַׁלְנוּ Isa 59:10, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine plural יכשׁ֑ולו Prov 4:16 Kt (but read Hiph`il, q. v., so Qr); יכשׁלו Nah 3:3 Kt (but read Perfect וְכָֽשְׁלוּ so Qr); Infinitive absolute כָּשׁוֺל Isa 40:30 (c. Niph`al Imperfect); Participle active כּוֺשֵׁל Isa 5:27 + 2 t., כּשֵׁל 2Chr 28:15 Paslm 2Chr 105:37 feminine plural כּשְׁלוֺת Isa 35:3 —

1. stumble at, over, something, with ב (literally by means of), Nah 3:3, ׳גִּבּוֺר בְּגִבּוֺר כ Jer 46:13 (+ נָפַל), compare Lev 26:37 ׳וּנְעָרִיס בָּעֵץ כ Lam 5:13 i.e. stagger (of toil in captivity); absolute Isa 5:27 ׅ || (עָיֵף, כָּֽשְׁלוּ וְנָפָ֑לוּ Jer 46:6, compare ׳הִרְבָּה כּוֺשֵׁ֑ל גַּםנָֿפַל אישׁ וגו vJer 46:16 (strange; Gie following in part ᵐ5 ᵑ6, עֶרְבְּךָ כָּשַׁל וְנָפַל thy mixed people — compare Jer 25:20, etc. — hath stumbled and hath fallen); often figurative of overthrow, throughdivine judgment, with בְּ at, (see above) Jer 6:21, so Isa 8:15 (+ נָפַל etc.) according to Ges Hi Bhul Che Di; < בָּם = among them, — Israel and Judah, — as ב in vIsa 8:16, so Ew De Du EV; Hos 4:5 (twice in verse); Hos 5:5; Hos 14:2 (בַּעֲוֺנֶָֽךָ, בְּ probably instrumental); absolute of Babylon, under figure of זָדוֺן, ונפל ׳כ Jer 50:32 ונפל ׳כ Paslm Jer 27:2; Isa 3:8; Isa 31:3 (both || נפל); of אֱמֶת Isa 59:14 in metaphor of anxiety, distress Isa 59:10, Paslm Isa 107:12.

2. totter, of knees, literal מִצּוֺם ׳בִּרְכַּי כ Paslm Isa 109:24 my knees totter from fasting; figurative Isa 35:3 (|| יָדַיִם רָפוֺת) כּוֺשֵׁל tottering one, literal Job 4:4; 2Chr 28:15 Paslm 2Chr 105:37 hence figurative, fail, of strength (כֹּחַ) Neh 4:4 Paslm Neh 31:11 — Infinitive absolute כָּשׁוֺל, see below Niph`al Niph`al Perfect consecutive וְנִכְשַׁל Dan 11:9, וְנִכְשְׁלוּ vDan 11:33, וְנִכְשָׁ֑לוּ vDan 11:14 Imperfect יִכָּשֵׁל Ezek 33:12 + Hos 5:5b (ᵐ5. as v^a, so We; ᵑ0 כָּשַׁל), 2 masculine singular תִּכָּשֵׁל Prov 4:12, בִּכָּֽשְׁלוּ Prov 24:17 (yet see Ges^{«GKC:51»§ 51}, R. 1), בְּהִכָּֽשְׁלָם Dan 11:34 Participle נִכְשָׁל Zech 12:8 plural נִכְשָׁלִים 1Sam 2:4 —

1. stumble (= Qal) Nah 2:6; Isa 63:13; Jer 31:9 usually figurative:
a. of misfortune Prov 24:17 (|| נפל), negative Prov 4:12.
b. of divine judgement (with בְּ at) Prov 4:19; Prov 24:16, negative Ezek 33:12 see also Hos 14:10 (בְ location), Jer 20:11; Dan 11:14; Dan 11:35, יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ וְיאֹבְדוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ Ps 9:4 especially = be overthrown, of nations, armies, etc., Hos 5:5 (with בַּעֲוֺנָם, compare Hos 14:2 Qal), Jer 6:15 || נפל, compare Jer 8:12 (|| id.), Dan 11:19 ( + נפל), vDan 11:33 (בְ instrumental), vDan 11:34 vDan 11:41.

2. be tottering, feeble, כָּשׁוֺל יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ Isa 40:30 (opposed to יַחֲלִיפוּ כֹחַ vIsa 40:31); so participle 1Sam 2:4; Zech 12:8. Pi`el only apparent, תְּכַשְּׁלִי Ezek 36:14, read תְּשַׁכְּלִי with Qr Vrss EV Sm Co Da (see also Hiph`il near the end). Hiph`il Perfect הִכְשִׁיל Lam 1:14 הִכְשַׁלְתֶּם Mal 2:8 Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַכְשִׁילְךָ 2Chr 25:8 2 feminine singular תַּכְשִׁלִי Ezek 36:15 (but strike out ᵐ5 Co; read תשׁכלי, as vEzek 36:14 other Vrss Sm Da); 3 masculine plural יַכְשִׁילוּ Prov 4:16 Qr (Kt see below Qal), וַיַּכְשִׁילֻהוּ Paslm Prov 64:9, וַיַּכְשִׁלוּם Jer 18:15 (so ᵑ7; Gie, after ᵐ5. ᵑ6, וַיִּכְשְׁלוּ, [< וַיִּכָּֽשִׁלוּ]); Infinitive construct הַכְשִׁיל 2Chr 25:8, sf הַכְשִׁילוֺ 2Chr 28:23 —

1. cause to stumble, figurative:
a. = bring injury or ruin to, abs Prov 4:16 of punishment Ps 64:9 (indefinite subject; si vera lectio; text probably corrupt, see Che Bae).
b. = overthrow, of nation, army, etc., 2Chr 25:8 (followed by לִפְנֵי אוֺיֵב) compare v2Chr 25:8 (opposed to עזר); cause overthrow 2Chr 28:23. — On Ezek 36:15 see above
c. morally, Jer 18:15 (בְּ local), Mal 2:8 (בְּ instrumental).

2. make feeble, weak, הִכְשִׁיל כֹּחִי Lam 1:14 (of God's dealing with Jerusalem) Hoph`al only Participle והיו מֻכְשָׁלִים לְפָנֶיךָ Jer 18:23 either and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such (Hi Gf VB), or and let them be ones overthrown before thee (Gie; so Qr according to Gf). So also in Ezek 21:20 according to Co, compare Sm Da (ᵑ0 מִכְשֹׁלִים, see מִכְשׁוֺל).

fall, stumble, down, feeble, stumbled, …

kāšal

to totter or waver (through weakness of the legs, especially the ankle); by implication, to falter, stumble, faint or fall

to stumble, stagger, totter

(Qal)

to stumble

to stumble

to cause to stumble, bring injury or ruin to, overthrow

וְ אֵ֣ין

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אֵ֣ין

Particle not

Dictionary form: אַיִן · ah-YIN

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: and there was none

there is no ×50 and none ×33 there is none ×33 not ×31 without ×29 is not ×27 neither ×24 there was no ×22

More options

there is no — Best for existential negation; most common contextual use.

nothing — Use when אַיִן stands alone as a noun meaning total absence.

without — Prefer when modifying a noun to indicate lack.

none — Good for negating a previously mentioned subject or group.

not — Broad negative; use when no stronger nuance is needed.

nor — Use in compound negations to connect two negated clauses.

BDB374 H369

II. אַ֫יִן nought.

אִיעֶזֶר see אֲבִיעֶזֶר.

אִיתָמָר see I. אָוָה.

BDB385 H369

II. אַ֫יִן, אָ֑֫יִן construct אֵין substantive properly nothing, nought (Moabite אן, Assyrian iânu).

1. Isa 40:23 הַנּוֺתֵן רוֺזְנִים לְאָ֑יִן who bringeth princes to nothing; כְּאַיִן as nothing, ib. Isa 40:17; Isa 41:11; Isa 41:12; Hag 2:3; Ps 39:6 almost (|| כִּמְעַט) Ps 73:2 מֵאַיִן of nothing Isa 41:24.

2. construct אֵין, very frequently as particle of negations, is not, are not, was not, were not, etc. (corresponding to the affirmative יֵשׁ q. v. Similar in usage, though not etymology akin, are , לַיִת, , , properly 'there is nought of ...' followed by a substantive or a pronominal suffix (אֵינֶנִּי [verbal form, Ges^{«GKC:100»§ 100}, 5; «GKC:152»152, 1 c], אֵינְךָ, אֵינֵךְ, אֵינֶנּוּ, אֵינֶנָּה, אֵינְכֶם, אֵינָם, also Ps 59:14 אֵינֵ֫מוֺ, Ps 73:5 אֵינֵ֫ימוֺ): twice abnormally, in late Hebrew, a noun אֵין אֲנִי, אֵין אֲנַחְנוּ Neh 4:17 (so sometimes לַיִת, , Nö^{M. p. 295}); once, incorrectly, את Hag 2:17.
a. denying existence absolutely Isa 44:6; Isa 47:10 אֵין רֹאָנִי there is none that seeth me, literally nought of one seeing me! אֵין עוֺד there is none else Deut 4:39; 1Kgs 8:60; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:22.
b. more commonly, in a limited sense, there is none here or at hand Exod 2:12 and he saw כִּיאֵֿין אִישׁ that there was no man (that is, there), Num 21:5; Gen 5:24 וְאֵינֶנּוּ and he was not (of Enoch's disappearance from earth) Gen 42:13 one (cas. pend. as often), he is not, vGen 42:36 often = is (or has) vanished Gen 37:30; 1Kgs 20:40; Isa 17:14; Ps 37:10; Ps 103:16; Job 8:22; Job 24:24; Job 27:19.
c. with the sense determined by a predicate following: Gen 37:29 Joseph was not in the pit, Gen 41:39 + often; Exod 5:10 אֵינֶנִּי נֹתֵן לָכֶם תֶּבֶן I am not giving you straw; and so often with particip. where duration has to be expressed Gen 39:23; Deut 21:18; Isa 1:15; Jer 7:16, or intention Gen 20:7 אֵינְךָ מֵשִׁיב דַּע ֗֗֗ אִם if thou art not restoring her, know Gen 43:5; Exod 8:17; Exod 33:15 (idiomatically, after אם; see Dr^{§ 137}) Judg 12:3. Following once pleonastic by יֵשׁ Ps 135:17. Treated as a mere particle of negation, אֵין may vary its position in the sentence, the substantive which should strictly stand in the genitive being not only separated from it by a little word, as בּוֺ Gen 37:24, לוֺ Exod 22:1, שָׁם Exod 12:30, גַּם Ps 14:3, etc., but even for emphasis prefixed to it, as Gen 19:31; Gen 40:8 וּפֹתֵר אֵין אֹתוֺ Gen 41:15; Exod 5:16; Judg 13:9; Judg 14:6; Judg 16:15; Judg 19:1 (so MI²⁴): if however it be thus brought to the end of a sentence, or be disconnected with what follows, it stands in the absolute form, as Gen 2:5 ואדם אַיִן לעבד האדמה and man there was none to till the ground, Lev 26:37 וְרֹדֵף אָ֑יִן Num 20:5; 2Kgs 19:3; Hos 13:4; Mic 7:2.
d. sometimes the subject has to be supplied from the context: thus (α) 1Sam 9:4 and they passed through the land of Shaalim וָאַיִן and they (the asses) were not (literally and nought!), especially after verbs of waiting or seeking Isa 59:11; Ps 69:21; Job 3:9; Isa 41:17. Ezek 7:25; Prov 14:6; Prov 13:4; Prov 20:4. (β) Exod 17:7 is ׳י in the midst of us אִםאָֽֿיִן ׃ or not ? Num 13:20. (γ) Judg 4:20 וְאָמַרְתְּ אָֽיִן׃ then thou shalt say, There is not, 1Kgs 18:10; 1Sam 10:14. (δ) Gen 30:1 give me children, וְאִםאַֿיִן and if not, I die, Exod 32:32; Judg 9:15; Judg 9:20; 2Sam 17:6 (see Dr) 2Kgs 2:10; Job 33:33.
e. with subject not expressed, once (late), Dan 8:5 וְאֵין נֹגֵעַ בָּאָרֶץ and (it) was not touching the earth. feminine once, Job 35:15 with the finite verb; but read here כִּי אֵין פֹּקֵד (the usage of , cited by De, does not justify the anomaly in Hebrew) Jer 38:5 the imperfect may be due to the fact that no participle of יָכֹל was in use, and a relation must be tacitly supplied: 'The king is not (one that) can do aught against you.' On Exod 3:2 see Ges^{«GKC:52»§ 52}, 2 R. 6; Ew^{§ 169 d.}

3. ׳אֵין לְ, with substantive, or pronoun, there is (was) not to . . . = . . . have, has, had, etc. not: Gen 11:30 אֵין לָהּ וָלָד she had no child, Num 27:9 וְאִםאֵֿין לוֺ בַּת and if he have no daughter + often; with a participle Deut 22:27; Jer 14:16; Jer 30:17; Jer 49:5; Jer 50:32; Ps 142:5; Lam 1:2; Lam 1:9; Lam 1:17; Exod 22:2 אִםאֵֿין לוֺ if he have nought, Dan 9:26 ואין לו and have nought (or none).

4. in circumstantial clauses (Dr^{§ 164}): —
(a) Exod 21:11 she shall go out free אֵין כָּ֑סֶף without money, Exod 22:9 אֵין רֹאֶה none seeing it, Num 11:6; Isa 47:1; Jer 2:32; Hos 3:4; Hos 7:11; Ps 32:9; Ps 88:5 + .
(b) Deut 32:4 a God of faithfulness וְאֵין עָוֶל and no iniquity, i.e. without iniquity, Jer 5:21; Joel 1:6; Ps 104:25.
(c) very often, in such phrases as וְאֵין מַחֲרִיד with none to affright Lev 26:6 (12 t.); וְאֵין מְכַבֶּה Isa 1:31 and elsewhere; וְאֵין מַצִּיל Isa 5:29; Ps 7:3, etc. (Dr^{§ 159}).

5. with infinitive and ׳ל, it is not to . . . : i.e.
(a) like οὐκ ἔστιν, it is not possible to . . . (compare below יֵשׁ and לֹא), but hardly except in late Hebrew; 2Chr 20:6 וְאֵין עִמְּךָ לְהִתְיַצֵּב it is not possible to stand (in conflict) with thee, 2Chr 22:9; Ezra 9:15; Eccl 3:14; Esth 4:2. Once without ל, Ps 40:6 אֵין עֲרֹךְ אֵלָיךָ οὐκ ἔστι παραβάλλειν σοι. (β) there is no need to . . . 1Chr 23:26 וְגַם לַלְוִיִּם אֵיןלָֿשֵׂאת for the Levites also there was no need to bear 2Chr 5:11; 2Chr 35:15 (see Dr^{§ 202. 1}).

6. with prefixes : —
a. בְּאֵין properly in defect of: — (a) for want of, without — Prov 5:23 HE will die בְּאֵין מוּסָר for lack of instruction, Prov 11:14 בְּאֵין תַּחְבֻּלוֺת without guidance, Prov 14:4; Prov 15:22; Prov 26:20; Prov 29:18; Isa 57:1; Ezek 38:11 compare בְּלֹא. (β) of time = when there was (were) not Prov 8:24 (twice in verse).
b. כְּאֵין Isa 59:10 כְּאֵין עֵינַיִם in poetry for כַּאֲשֶׁר אֵין לוֺ עֵינַיִם (compare Ew^{§ 286 g} Ges^{«GKC:152»§ 152}. 1 h).
c. לְאֵין (α) for לַאֲשֶׁר אֵין לוֺ Isa 40:29 inlate prose 2Chr 14:10; Neh 8:10. (β) in the condition of not. . . (ל of state, see below ל) = without or so that not . . . (peculiar to Chronicles), 1Chr 22:4 cedar trees לְאֵין מִסְפָּר without number, 2Chr 14:12 and there fell of the Cushites לְאֵיןלָֿהֶם מִחְיָה so that they had none remaining alive, 2Chr 20:25 לְאֵין מַשָּׂא so that there was no carrying away, 2Chr 21:18; Ezra 9:14. (γ) עַדלְֿאֵין (see ׳עַד ל), 2Chr 36:16 until there was no remedy (compare עַד אֵין ֗֗֗ Ps 40:13; Job 5:9).
d. מֵאֵין
(a) (מִן causal) from lack of . . . Isa 50:2; Jer 7:32; Jer 19:11. (β) (מִן negative, see מִן) properly away from there being no. . . (with אֵין pleonastic, compare מִבְּלִי, and מִבְּלִי אֵין), i.e. so that not. . ., without, mostly epexegetical of some term expressing desolation: Isa 5:9 Surely many houses shall be desolate מֵאֵין יוֺשֵׁב without inhabitant, Isa 6:11 + often Jeremiah & Zephaniah; Isa 6:11 מֵאֵין אָדָם, Jer 32:43 מֵאֵין אָדָם וּבְהֵמָה Jer 33:10; Jer 33:12; Ezek 33:28; Lam 3:49. Once followed by infinitive Mal 2:13 so that there is no regarding more. (γ) in Jer 10:6; Jer 10:7 מֵאֵין כָּמוֺךָ, מֵאֵין is supposed by some to = a strengthened אֵין, even none, none at all; but it is difficult to justify this explanation logically; and it is preferable to point מֵאַיִן כָּמוֺךָ whence is any like thee? compare Jer 30:7. (So Hi see Dr^{Hebraica. ii. 34-7}.)

no, not, none, without, neither, …

ʾayin

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

nothing, not, nought

(n) nothing, nought

עֹזֵֽר

Root word help, helped, helper, helpers, holpen, …

Dictionary form: עָזַר · aw-DZAHR

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: to help

to help ×13 helped ×8 help ×5 helper ×4 shall help ×3 will help ×3 helpers ×2 to help him ×2

More options

help — Most versatile; fits nearly any context.

aid — Slightly more formal; good for legal or official contexts.

assist — Implies supportive, secondary role alongside another.

support — Emphasizes sustained or ongoing backing.

come to the rescue of — Vivid; best for urgent military or crisis scenes.

come to the aid of — Formal-narrative tone; suits battle or deliverance passages.

BDB5968 H5826

I. [עָזַר]₈₂ verb help, succour (Late Hebrew noun עֶזְרָה help; Phoenician in derivatives and compounds Lzb^{338 f.}; Arabic excuse, exculpate, also aid; Aramaic help, Palmyrene עדר, rarely עזר Lzb³³⁸ Cook^{89. 90}); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix עֲזָרָ֑נִי Ps 118:13, עֲזָָֽרְךָ 1Chr 12:19 3 plural suffix עֲזָרֻם 1Chr 12:20, etc., Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲזָרֿ Isa 50:7; Isa 50:9, suffix יַעְזְרֶךָּ Isa 44:2 3 masculine plural יַעְזֹ֑רוּ Isa 30:7; Isa 41:6, וַיַּעְזְרוּ 1Kgs 1:7 suffix יַעַזְרֻנִי Ps 119:175, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix עָזְרֵנִי Ps 109:26; Ps 119:86 + Josh 10:4 Kt, masculine plural suffix עִזְרֻנִי Qr, etc.; Infinitive construct לַעֲזֹר 1Chr 22:17, לַעֲזוֺר 1Chr 18:5, לַעְזֹר Josh 10:33 + 5 t., לַעְזוֺר 2Chr 25:8 + 2Sam 18:3 Qr (> Kt לַעֲזִיר Hiph`il); suffix לְעָזְרֵנִי 1Chr 12:17 + 2 t., etc., Participle active עֹזֵר 1Kgs 20:16 +, etc.; passive עָזֻר Isa 31:3 — help, with accusative of person 1Kgs 20:16; Josh 1:14 + 2Chr 28:23 (reading עֹזְרִים Ges^{«GKC:53o»§ 53o}, for ᵑ0 מַעְזְרִים, apparently Hiph`il; subject false gods); with accusative of location (city) Josh 10:33 (D); especially with suffix person Josh 10:4; Josh 10:6 (+ הוֺשִׁיעַ; both J E), 1Chr 12:18; 1Chr 12:20; 1Chr 12:23 (van d. H. v.1Chr 12:17 v.1Chr 12:19 v.1Chr 12:22), 2Chr 32:3; Ezra 8:22 (+ מִן of enemy), Ezra 10:15; Dan 10:13 (subject Michael); subject often God (׳י), with accusative of person Ps 10:14; 1Chr 15:26, usually suffix Gen 49:25 (poem in J), 1Sam 7:12; Isa 41:10; Isa 41:13; Isa 41:14 + 12 t. + 2Chr 26:7 (with עַל against), Ps 37:40 (+ פִּלֵּט), Ps 46:6 (suffix of city), Ps 109:26 (|| הוֺשִׁיעַ); subject false gods Deut 32:8; 2Chr 28:23 with לְ person 2Sam 8:5 + 1Chr 18:5 + 4 t. + 2Sam 18:3 (read Qr לַעֲזוֺר, or לְעֹזֵר ? compare HPS); subject ׳י Isa 50:7; Isa 50:9 with עִם person 1Chr 12:22 (van d. H. v.1Chr 12:21 + עַל against); with אַחֲרֵי person (construction praegn.) 1Kgs 1:7 with בְּ person against whom 2Chr 20:23 (+ infinitive); with בֵּין ֗֗֗ לְ, of ׳י, 2Chr 14:10 absolute Isa 30:7; 2Chr 26:13 (+ עַל against), 2Chr 28:16 לְרָעָה ׳ע Zech 1:15 they helped, with evil result; ׳י subject, 2Chr 25:8 (opposed to הַכְשִׁיל); also participle with suffix Ezek 30:8 + 3 t.; with לְ person 2Kgs 14:26 + 5 t., of ׳י Ps 30:11; Ps 54:6 absolute Isa 31:3; Isa 63:5; Jer 47:4; Ps 22:12; Ps 107:12 construct עֹזְרֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה 1Chr 12:1, עֹזְרֵי רָ֑הַב Job 9:13 (see רַהַב); Participle passive absolute as substantive he who is helped Isa 31:3. Niph`al Perfect וְנֶעֱזָרְ֑תִּי Ps 28:7 I am helped (that is, by ׳י); Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיֵּעָֽזְרוּ 1Chr 5:20 (that is, id.; + עַל against, with noun cognate יֵעָֽזְרוּ עֵזֶר מְעָט Dan 11:34 Infinitive construct הִפְלִיא לְהֵעָזֵר 2Chr 26:15 he was wonderfully helped (literally made wonderful to be helped). Hiph`il dubious: Infinitive construct 2Sam 18:3 Kt, Participle plural מַעְזְרִים 2Chr 28:23, see Qal.

help, helped, helper, helpers, holpen, …

ʿāzar

to surround, i.e., protect or aid

to help, succour, support

(Qal) to help

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.

וַיַּכְנַ֣ע בֶּעָמָ֣ל לִבָּ֑ם Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here כָּ֝שְׁל֗וּ Revia Mugrash — a lesser break וְאֵ֣ין עֹזֵֽר Silluq — end of the verse

וַיַּכְנַע בֶּעָמָל לִבָּם כָּשְׁלוּ וְאֵין עֹזֵֽר׃

Therefore he brought down their heart with labour; they fell down, and there was none to help.

Cross References

Psalms 22:11

אַל-תִּרְחַק מִמֶּנִּי כִּי-צָרָה קְרוֹבָה כִּי-אֵין עוֹזֵֽר׃

Be not far from me; for trouble is near; for there is none to help.

Exodus 5:18

וְעַתָּה לְכוּ עִבְדוּ וְתֶבֶן לֹֽא-יִנָּתֵן לָכֶם וְתֹכֶן לְבֵנִים תִּתֵּֽנּוּ׃

Go therefore now, and work; for there shall no straw be given you, yet shall ye deliver the tale of bricks.

Exodus 2:23

וַיְהִי בַיָּמִים הָֽרַבִּים הָהֵם וַיָּמָת מֶלֶךְ מִצְרַיִם וַיֵּאָֽנְחוּ בְנֵֽי-יִשְׂרָאֵל מִן-הָֽעֲבֹדָה וַיִּזְעָקוּ וַתַּעַל שַׁוְעָתָם אֶל-הָֽאֱלֹהִים מִן-הָֽעֲבֹדָֽה׃

And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage.

Luke 15:14

δαπανήσαντος δὲ αὐτοῦ πάντα ἐγένετο λιμὸς ἰσχυρὸς κατὰ τὴν χώραν ἐκείνην καὶ αὐτὸς ἤρξατο ὑστερεῖσθαι

And when he had spent all, there arose a mighty famine in that land; and he began to be in want.

Isaiah 51:23

וְשַׂמְתִּיהָ בְּיַד-מוֹגַיִךְ אֲשֶׁר-אָמְרוּ לְנַפְשֵׁךְ שְׁחִי וְנַעֲבֹרָה וַתָּשִׂימִי כָאָרֶץ גֵּוֵךְ וְכַחוּץ לַעֹבְרִֽים׃

But I will put it into the hand of them that afflict thee; which have said to thy soul, Bow down, that we may go over: and thou hast laid thy body as the ground, and as the street, to them that went over.

Nehemiah 9:37

וּתְבֽוּאָתָהּ מַרְבָּה לַמְּלָכִים אֲשֶׁר-נָתַתָּה עָלֵינוּ בְּחַטֹּאותֵינוּ וְעַל גְּוִיֹּתֵינוּ מֹֽשְׁלִים וּבִבְהֶמְתֵּנוּ כִּרְצוֹנָם וּבְצָרָה גְדוֹלָה אֲנָֽחְנוּ׃

And it yieldeth much increase unto the kings whom thou hast set over us because of our sins: also they have dominion over our bodies, and over our cattle, at their pleasure, and we are in great distress.

Isaiah 52:5

וְעַתָּה ‫(מי)‬ ‫(לי)‬ מַה-לִּי-פֹה נְאֻם-יְהוָה כִּֽי-לֻקַּח עַמִּי חִנָּם ‫(משלו)‬ מֹשְׁלָיו יְהֵילִילוּ נְאֻם-יְהוָה וְתָמִיד כָּל-הַיּוֹם שְׁמִי מִנֹּאָֽץ׃

Now therefore, what have I here, saith the LORD, that my people is taken away for nought? they that rule over them make them to howl, saith the LORD; and my name continually every day is blasphemed.

Lamentations 5:5

עַל צַוָּארֵנוּ נִרְדָּפְנוּ יָגַעְנוּ ‫(לא)‬ וְלֹא הֽוּנַֽח-לָֽנוּ׃

Our necks are under persecution: we labour, and have no rest.

Isaiah 63:5

וְאַבִּיט וְאֵין עֹזֵר וְאֶשְׁתּוֹמֵם וְאֵין סוֹמֵךְ וַתּוֹשַֽׁע לִי זְרֹעִי וַחֲמָתִי הִיא סְמָכָֽתְנִי׃

And I looked, and there was none to help; and I wondered that there was none to uphold: therefore mine own arm brought salvation unto me; and my fury, it upheld me.

2 Kings 6:33

עוֹדֶנּוּ מְדַבֵּר עִמָּם וְהִנֵּה הַמַּלְאָךְ יֹרֵד אֵלָיו וַיֹּאמֶר הִנֵּה-זֹאת הָֽרָעָה מֵאֵת יְהוָה מָֽה-אוֹחִיל לַֽיהוָה עֽוֹד׃

And while he yet talked with them, behold, the messenger came down unto him: and he said, Behold, this evil is of the LORD; what should I wait for the LORD any longer?

Job 9:13

אֱלוֹהַּ לֹא-יָשִׁיב אַפּוֹ ‫(תחתו)‬ תַּחְתָּיו שָׁחֲחוּ עֹזְרֵי רָֽהַב׃

If God will not withdraw his anger, the proud helpers do stoop under him.

2 Kings 6:26

וַֽיְהִי מֶלֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל עֹבֵר עַל-הַֽחֹמָה וְאִשָּׁה צָֽעֲקָה אֵלָיו לֵאמֹר הוֹשִׁיעָה אֲדֹנִי הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃

And as the king of Israel was passing by upon the wall, there cried a woman unto him, saying, Help, my lord, O king.

Judges 16:30

וַיֹּאמֶר שִׁמְשׁוֹן תָּמוֹת נַפְשִׁי עִם-פְּלִשְׁתִּים וַיֵּט בְּכֹחַ וַיִּפֹּל הַבַּיִת עַל-הַסְּרָנִים וְעַל-כָּל-הָעָם אֲשֶׁר-בּוֹ וַיִּֽהְיוּ הַמֵּתִים אֲשֶׁר הֵמִית בְּמוֹתוֹ רַבִּים מֵֽאֲשֶׁר הֵמִית בְּחַיָּֽיו׃

And Samson said, Let me die with the Philistines. And he bowed himself with all his might; and the house fell upon the lords, and upon all the people that were therein. So the dead which he slew at his death were more than they which he slew in his life.

Isaiah 51:19

שְׁתַּיִם הֵנָּה קֹֽרְאֹתַיִךְ מִי יָנוּד לָךְ הַשֹּׁד וְהַשֶּׁבֶר וְהָרָעָב וְהַחֶרֶב מִי אֲנַחֲמֵֽךְ׃

These two things are come unto thee; who shall be sorry for thee? desolation, and destruction, and the famine, and the sword: by whom shall I comfort thee?

Judges 10:16

וַיָּסִירוּ אֶת-אֱלֹהֵי הַנֵּכָר מִקִּרְבָּם וַיַּֽעַבְדוּ אֶת-יְהוָה וַתִּקְצַר נַפְשׁוֹ בַּֽעֲמַל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

And they put away the strange gods from among them, and served the LORD: and his soul was grieved for the misery of Israel.

Psalms 18:40

וְֽאֹיְבַי נָתַתָּה לִּי עֹרֶף וּמְשַׂנְאַי אַצְמִיתֵֽם׃

Thou hast also given me the necks of mine enemies; that I might destroy them that hate me.

Psalms 142:4

הַבֵּיט יָמִין׀ וּרְאֵה וְאֵֽין-לִי מַכִּיר אָבַד מָנוֹס מִמֶּנִּי אֵין דּוֹרֵשׁ לְנַפְשִֽׁי׃

I looked on my right hand, and beheld, but there was no man that would know me: refuge failed me; no man cared for my soul.

Judges 16:21

וַיֹּֽאחֲזוּהוּ פְלִשְׁתִּים וַֽיְנַקְּרוּ אֶת-עֵינָיו וַיּוֹרִידוּ אוֹתוֹ עַזָּתָה וַיַּֽאַסְרוּהוּ בַּֽנְחֻשְׁתַּיִם וַיְהִי טוֹחֵן בְּבֵית ‫(האסירים)‬ הָאֲסוּרִֽים׃

But the Philistines took him, and put out his eyes, and brought him down to Gaza, and bound him with fetters of brass; and he did grind in the prison house.

Psalms 107:11

Read Psalms 107

Psalms 107:13

Psalms 107:12

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vhw3ms

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3665

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Rd/Ncbsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5999

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc/Sp3mp

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3820

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqp3cp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3782

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Tn

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H369

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqrmsa

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5826

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV