Psalms 144:6

בְּר֣וֹק בָּ֭רָק וּתְפִיצֵ֑ם שְׁלַ֥ח חִ֝צֶּ֗יךָ וּתְהֻמֵּֽם
Cast forth lightning, and scatter them: shoot out thine arrows, and destroy them.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

בְּר֣וֹק
בְּר֣וֹק
Root word forth
Dictionary form: בָּרַק · baw-RAHK

Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: cast forth
cast forth ×1
More options
flash — Most natural for lightning; vivid and contemporary.
blaze — Emphasizes intense, sudden burst of light or fire.
shoot forth — Retains directional force without archaic 'cast'.
streak — Conveys rapid, linear motion of light across the sky.
hurl — Highlights forceful, projectile-like divine action.

BDB1343 H1299

BDB1342 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1344

בָּרַק verb flash, of lightning (Arabic gleam, flash, lighten, Assyrian barâ‡y ZimBP 76, Aramaic בְּרַק , Ethiopic Sabean ברק Hal252 compare DHMZMG 1875, 597) —

Qal Perfect בָּרַק so read after ᵐ5L 2Sam 22:15 & also in || Ps 18:15 (compare Klo Che critical note); Imperative בְּרֹק Ps 144:6 — all with accusative of congnate meaning with verb בָּרָק, בְּרָקִים; — flash, transitive flash lightning, subject ׳י.

forth
bāraq
to lighten (lightning)
  • (Qal) to flash lightning, cast forth (lightning)

בָּ֭רָק
בָּ֭רָק
Root word lightnings, lightning, glittering, sword, bright, …
Dictionary form: בָּרָק · baw-RAWK

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: lightning
lightnings ×5 lightning ×2 and lightnings ×1 and the glittering ×1 as the lightning ×1 bright ×1 his lightnings ×1 it may glitter ×1
More options
lightning — Most common sense; use for natural phenomenon.
flash — Captures the brief, vivid burst of light.
gleam — Softer shine; suits a polished blade or armor.
glitter — Sparkling, reflected light; good for sword imagery.
blaze — Intense, dramatic light; poetic or storm contexts.
glint — Quick, sharp reflection; ideal for weapon descriptions.

BDB1344 H1300

BDB1343 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1345

בָּרָק noun masculineEzek 1:13 lightning (chiefly in poetry) (Arabic , Assyrian bir‡u COTGloss, ZimBP 76, 82 Aramaic בְּרַק, ) — absolute ׳ב Job 20:25 + 7 t. 2Sam 22:15 (compare below); construct בְּרַק Deut 32:41 + 2 t.; plural בְּרָקִים Exod 19:16 + 7 t., בְּרָקָיו Ps 97:4 — lightning,

1. literal mostly plural = lightnings, lightning-flashes Exod 19:16; Ps 18:15 9 in theophanies, on 2Sam 22:15 see below) Ps 77:19; Ps 97:4; Ps 135:7; Job 38:35; Jer 10:13; Jer 51:16 so in simile of swift brightness Nah 2:5, singular only Ps 144:6; 2Sam 22:15 (where however read בְּרָקִים בָּרַק compare בָּרַק — so ᵐ5L Klo Che, compare his critical note Ps 18:15), Ezek 1:13 (in vision), and in simile of brightness Dan 10:6 swift destruction Zech 9:14.
2. figurative (always singular) of flashing arrow-head Job 20:25, compare חרב ׳ב Deut 32:41, חנית ׳ב Nah 3:3; Hab 3:11 compare glitter of weapon Exod 21:15; Exod 21:20; Exod 21:33.

lightnings, lightning, glittering, sword, bright, …
bārāq
lightning; by analogy, a gleam; concretely, a flashing sword
  • lightning
    • lightnings, lightning flashes
      • "of flashing arrow-head (figuratively)

וּ תְפִיצֵ ֑ם
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
תְפִיצֵ
Root word scattered, scatter, abroad, scattereth, dispersed, …
֑ם
Suffix — pronoun their / them
Dictionary form: פּוּץ · poots

Verb — Hiphil, Imperfect (Yiqtol), second person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: and scatter
and i will scatter ×4 scattered ×4 were scattered ×4 and scatter ×2 and scattered ×2 be scattered ×2 cast abroad ×2 i have scattered ×2
More options
scatter — Most direct modern equivalent; broadly applicable.
disperse — Slightly formal; good for deliberate or wide spreading.
spread abroad — Emphasizes breadth of distribution over a wide area.
drive away — Prefer when the scattering involves force or expulsion.
break apart — Useful when a group or unit is violently fragmented.
be scattered — Passive sense; suits contexts of judgment or defeat.

BDB6555 H6327

BDB6554 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6556

I. [פּוּץ] verb be dispersed, scattered (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; perhaps akin to Arabic break asunder, scatter); —

Qal Imperfect 3 masculine plural יָפוּצוּ Ps 68:2, יָפֻצוּ Ezek 48:16 +; 3 feminine plural וַתְּפוּצֶינָה Ezek 34:5 +, וּתְפוּצֶינָה Zech 13:7, etc.; Imperative masculine plural פֻּצוּ 1Sam 14:34 Participle passive plural suffix פּוּצַי Zeph 3:10 (see below); — be dispersed, disperse, בָּעָם 1Sam 14:34 be scattered, of enemies 1Sam 11:11; Num 10:35; Ps 68:2 of Israel (among nations) under figure of flock Ezek 34:5 (twice in verse); Zech 13:7 בַּתפּֿוּצַי Zeph 3:10 is probably corrupt, and vZeph 3:9 vZeph 3:10 gloss see SchwZAW x (1890), 203 Now Da; of besieging army 2Sam 20:22 (מֵעַל הָעִיר); people from (מִן) possessions Ezek 46:18 men (from Babel) Gen 11:4 (עַל location). Niph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular נָפ֫וֺצָה Jer 10:21, 3 plural נָפֹ֫צוּ Gen 10:18 +, 2 masculine plural נְפֹצֹתֶם Ezek 11:17 +, etc.; Participle feminine נָפ֫וֺצֶת 2Sam 18:8 Qr (> Kt נפצות) compare Dr and others; plural נְפֹצִים 1Kgs 22:17, נְפוֺצִים 2Chr 18:16 —
1. be scattered, of army 2Kgs 25:5 (מֵעַל person) = Jer 52:8; 1Kgs 22:17 (אֶל location) = 2Chr 18:16 (עַל), compare Jer 40:15 (absolute); of dispersed Israel with ב location Ezek 11:17; Ezek 20:34; Ezek 20:41; Ezek 28:25, as flock Jer 10:21; Ezek 34:6 (עַל location), vEzek 34:12 (שָׁם); Egyptians Ezek 29:13 (שָׁמָּה); of battle scattered over country by defeat 2Sam 18:8.
2. be spread abroad, of peoples Gen 10:18.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְהֵפִיץ Deut 4:27 +, 1 singular consecutive וַהֲפִיצוֺתִי Ezek 22:15, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָפִיץ Job 37:11, וַיָּ֫פֶץ Gen 11:8 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָפֵץ Job 40:11 Infinitive construct לְהָפִיץ Ezek 20:23, etc.; —

1. transitive scatter:
  a. with accusative of person Gen 11:8; Gen 11:9 (עַל location), Isa 41:16; Hab 3:14 with ב Gen 49:7 Israel among (ב) nations Deut 4:27; Deut 28:64; Jer 9:15; Ezek 11:16; Ezek 12:15; Ezek 20:23; Ezek 22:15; Ezek 36:19; Neh 1:8 with שׁמ(הׅ Deut 30:3; Jer 30:11 with אֶל location Ezek 34:21 absolute Jer 13:24; Jer 18:17, under figure of flock Jer 23:1; Jer 23:2 Gr. reads אֲפִיצֵם also Deut 32:26 (see [פאה]); Egyptians (c.ב) Ezek 29:12; Ezek 30:23; Ezek 30:26 inhabitants of earth Isa 24:1.
  b. with accusative of thing, arrows (figurative for lightnings) 2Sam 22:15 = Ps 18:15; Ps 144:6 cloud Job 37:11 הָפֵץ עַבְרוֺת אַפֶּ֑ךָ Job 40:11 (i.e. lightnings ?); seed Isa 28:25.
  c. וֶהֱפִיצֻהוּ Job 18:11 and drive him (si vera lectio, see conjecture in Bu).
2. intransitive, scatter, with ב location Exod 5:12, with מֵעַל person 1Sam 13:8 of wind Job 38:24 (עַל location).

BDB6558 H6327

BDB6557 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6559

II. פּוּץ verb flow, overflow (Arabic flow, compare BaES 69); —

Qal Imperfect 3 masculine plural יָפוּצוּ Prov 5:16 of springs, figurative for sources of pleasure; 3 feminine plural תְּפוּצֶנָה עָרַי מִטוֺב Zech 1:17 my cities shall overflow with good.

BDB6730 H6327

BDB6729 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6731

[פָּצַץ] verb break (Arabic break, break asunder; Nabataean פצץ break asunder; Syriac crush); —

Po`. Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְפֹצֵץ סָ֑לַע Jer 23:29 a hammer which shatters rock. Hithpo`el Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיִּתְפִּצְצוּ Hab 3:6 and the eternal mountains were shattered (elsewhere √ פּוּץ were scattered). Pilpel Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix וַיְפַצְפְּצֵנִי Job 16:12 he [God] dashed me in pieces (figurative).

scattered, scatter, abroad, scattereth, dispersed, …
pûṣ
to dash in pieces, literally or figuratively (especially to disperse)
  • to scatter, be dispersed, be scattered
    • (Qal) to be dispersed, be scattered
      • "(Niphal)
      • to be scattered
        • "to be spread abroad
      (Hiphil) to scatter"Hithpael) scatter
    (Qal) to flow, overflow"to break
    • (Polel) to shatter
      • "(Pilpel) to dash to pieces

שְׁלַ֥ח
שְׁלַ֥ח
Root word sent, send, go, forth, away, …
Dictionary form: שָׁלַח · shaw-LA

Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: them shoot out
sent ×178 and sent ×33 go ×31 send ×31 he sent ×26 hath sent ×25 i will send ×17 and he sent ×15
More options
send — Most versatile; fits dispatching people or messages.
dispatch — Formal/official tone; good for royal or military contexts.
extend — Best for 'stretching out' a hand or object.
release — Use when the sense is letting go or setting free.
cast — Fits figurative or forceful throwing/projecting actions.
let go — Informal; suits dismissal or loosing of people/animals.

BDB8706 H7971

BDB8705 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8707

I. שָׁלַח844 verb send (Late Hebrew id.; Eccl 48:18 +; Aramaic שְׁלַךְ, , SoBuhl BaEs 41 compare Arabic (r = l), send forth, drive cattle to pasture, send messenger, etc., but then different √ for I. שֶׁלַךְ, Arabic , weapon; Assyrian probably šalû (send, hurl?), whence tešlitu, command); —

Qal562 Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Gen 42:4 + 2 masculine singular suffix שְׁלַחְתָּ֑נִי Exod 5:22, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁלַח Gen 3:22 +, 2 feminine plural תִּשְׁלַ֫חְנָה Ezek 23:40 (Judg 5:26 read תִּשְׁלָחֶנָּה? Ges § 47 k); Imperative masculine singular שְׁלַךְ 1Sam 20:31 +, masculine plural שְׁלָ֑חוּ 2Kgs 2:17 Infinitive abs. שָׁל(וֺ)ךְַ Num 22:37 +; construct שְׁלֹתַ vNum 22:15 +, שְׁלַךְ Isa 58:9, suffix שָׁלְחֶ֑ךָ Gen 38:17 etc.; Participle act. שֹׁלֵךְַ Exod 9:14 +, etc.; שָׁלוּחַ 1Kgs 14:6 +, etc., —
1. send: human subject, especially
  a. accusative of person Gen 42:4; Gen 43:8 (both J; with אֵת with, person) Num 22:15 (E) + often, with ל of thing for which Jer 14:3 followed by אֶל person Gen 37:13(J), 2Sam 11:6; Neh 6:5 +; rarely with ל person Gen 32:19 (J; pass.), אֶל, of location 2Chr 16:4, ב of location 1Sam 11:3, ל of location 1Kgs 5:28, accusative of location 2Kgs 22:3, ה- locative + מֵעַל person 2Sam 13:17, מִן local Gen 37:14 (J), Num 13:3 (P), etc.; followed by infinitive purpose 1Sam 25:14 ( + מִן local), 2Kgs 1:16; Jer 40:14 +, אֶל person with infinitive purpose 2Sam 10:3; Jer 42:9 +, with ו subordinate 2Kgs 5:6, with finite verb actionis Exod 2:5 (E), sent her maid and took, +, etc. (many combinations); accusative of person alone Exod 24:5 (E), Josh 7:22(E), 2Sam 10:7 + often
  b. less often accusative of thing (sometimes with בְּיַד of agent), with אֶל person 1Sam 16:20; 2Kgs 5:5; 2Kgs 20:12 +, 1Kgs 5:23 (= designate by sending unto), ל person Judg 3:15; 1Kgs 5:22 +, אֶל location Esth 1:22, שָׁ֫מָּה 2Kgs 6:14 + infinitive purpose 1Chr 19:4; Esth 4:4 + finite verb action. Ps 105:28 accusative of kid, alone, Gen 38:23 also (accusative omitted) vGen 38:17, etc.
  c. very oft,. without object: + finite verb action., send and do so and so, Gen 27:45(E), 2Kgs 11:14; Job 1:5 +; with אֶל person Hos 5:13; 2Sam 11:6 +, especially + לֵאמֹר Gen 38:25(J), 1Kgs 20:5 (often in Samuel Kings), Jer 29:28 +; with infinitive purpose Gen 32:6 (J), Num 21:32 (J), 1Sam 22:11 +, etc. (and so 1Sam 31:9 reading וַיִּשְׁלְחוּ, for Pi`el, Th We Dr Now, not HPS Bu); absolute 2Kgs 2:16; 2Kgs 2:17; 2Sam 14:29 = send to inquire 1Kgs 20:17, etc.
2. send: subject ׳י (God),
  a. accusative of person Gen 45:5 (E; לִפְנֵי person), 1Sam 15:18 (בְּדָ֑רֶךְ), + אֶל person 2Sam 12:1 accusative of angel, לִפְנֵי person Gen 24:7; Exod 33:2 (both J), אֵת with Gen 24:40(J), etc.; with accusative of person = commission Exod 3:12 (E), Judg 6:14; Isa 6:8; Jer 14:14; Jer 14:15 + often in Jeremiah; Zech 2:13 +; also (with אֶל person) Exod 3:13 (E), Jer 25:4; Ezek 3:6 +, etc.; especially of sending prophet, (שָׁלַךְ), הַשְׁכֵּם וְשָׁלוֺחַ Jer 7:25 + (see [שָׁרַם]); accusative of person + infinitive purpose 1Sam 15:1; Jer 19:14 +; + עַד location 2Kgs 2:2, accusative of location v2Kgs 2:4, ָ  ה locative v2Kgs 2:6, etc.
  b. with accusative of thing, plagues Exod 9:14 (with אֶללֵֿב, ב person), figurative arrows 2Sam 22:15 = Ps 18:15( + verb finite action.), Ps 144:6, compare Jer 25:16 and elsewhere; his word Isa 9:7 (ב of a people), Isa 55:11 (אשׁר to which), Zech 7:12 (ב agent.), Ps 107:20 (+ finite verb action.), Ps 147:15 (+ accusative אֶרֶץ); accusative help Ps 20:3 (מִן local), light and truth Ps 43:3 (+ finite verb action.), compare Ps 57:4
3. stretch out, especially accusative hand:
  a. human subject, with ב person against, Gen 37:22(E), 1Sam 24:11; Esth 2:21+; with ב of thing (property of others) Exod 22:7; Exod 22:10 (E), Esth 9:10 +, בַּחַלָּמִישׁ Job 28:9 with אֶל person against Gen 22:12 (E), 2Sam 18:12, עַל person 1Kgs 13:4, etc.; אֶל of thing (for good) 2Sam 6:6 (יָד omitted); from outside; inward, Song 5:4 (מִן local); absolute Job 30:24 (read טֹבֵעַ for בְּעִי Di Bi Bu). + infinitive purpose 1Sam 22:17; 1Sam 22:17; 2Sam 1:14; 1Chr 13:9 + verbfin.active Gen 3:22 (J) Deut 25:11; Judg 15:15 +; אֶצְבַּע ׳שׁ Isa 58:9, in token of scorn; with accusative of rod 1Sam 14:27 שִׁלְחוּ מַגָּל Joel 1Sam 4:13 stretch out (the) sickle.
  b. ׳י subject, accusative hand, + אֶל person against Exod 24:1l (E), compare (עַל) Ps 138:7 + finite verb active Exod 3:20 (JE), Exod 9:15(J), Job 1:11; Job 2:5 in favour, Jer 1:9, absolute Ps 144:7 (מִן local), also (passive) Ezek 2:9 and accusative תַּבְנִית יָד), Ezek 8:3.
  c. accusative hand, subject angel, + accusative of location, infinitive purpose 2Sam 24:16, cherub, אֶל of thing, מִן local Ezek 10:7 adversary, אֶל person Job 1:12 subject angel, accusative rod Judg 6:21.
  d. stretched out, slender, of tree Gen 49:21 (poem in J), see I. אֵלָה above.
  e. perhaps extend, direct, accusative of thing Ezek 8:17 (see זְמוֺרָה above, also conjectures in Toy Krae).
4. rarely send away (see Pi`el): human subject, accusative of person Judg 11:38 ( + accusative temporal), Gen 28:5 (P).
5. let loose (see Pi`el), perhaps only Ps 50:19 (figurative) thy mouth hast thou let loose in evil. Niph`al Infinitive absolute. וְנִשְׁלוֺחַ סְפָרִים = letters were sent (Ges«GKC:113z»§ 113z «GKC:113gg»gg) Esth 3:13 ( + אֶל person, בְּיַד agent., infinitive purpose). Pi`el266 Perfect 3 masculine singular שִׁלַּח Exod 8:28 +, suffix שִׁלַּחֲךָ 1Sam 20:22, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְשַׁלַּח Jer 3:1 +, יְשַׁלֵּ֑חַ Isa 45:13; Prov 6:14 1 singular suffix אֲשַׁלֵּחֲךָ Gen 32:27, אֲשַׁלְּחֶךָּ 2Sam 11:12; 1Kgs 20:34, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שַׁלַּךְ Exod 4:23, +, etc.; Infinitive absolute Deut 22:7; 1Kgs 11:22 construct שַׁלַּךְ Gen 8:10 +, שַׁלֵּ֑ךְַ Exod 7:27 +, etc.; Participle מְשַׁלֵחַ Gen 43:4 +, etc.; —
1. send off, away, human subject:
  a. accusative of person + ל location Josh 24:28 (E), Judg 7:8; 1Sam 10:23 +; + ל person Jer 48:12 + הּ- locative Judg 12:9 and (c. infinitive purpose) Gen 28:6 (P); accusative of goat, לַעֲזָאזֵל Lev 16:10 (ה- locative), vLev 16:26 send out, different ways, accusative of person, ב location Judg 19:29; Judg 20:6 send into exile, ׳י subject, with מִן local Jer 24:5, ה- locative Jer 29:20.
  b. send away, dismiss, accusative of person Gen 21:14 (E), Gen 25:6 (J; מֵעַל person), 2Sam 13:16 +; specifically, with accusative of wife (= divorce), Deut 22:19; Deut 22:29; Deut 24:1; Deut 24:3; Jer 3:1 +, absolute Mal 2:16.
  c. send away empty (-handed) רֵיקָם, + accusative of person Gen 31:42 (E), Deut 15:13; Job 22:9.
  d. send off, give a 'send-off' (sometimes escort part way), accusative of person, Gen 18:16; Gen 24:59; Gen 31:27 (all J), 1Sam 9:26; 2Kgs 5:24; 2Kgs 6:23.
  e. accusative of thing 1Sam 6:8; Neh 8:12 +, with accusative of location 1Sam 5:10; 1Sam 6:3, אֶל person Jer 27:3, etc.
2. a. send away, subject ׳י, accusative of person Gen 19:29 (J; מִתּוֺךְ), 1Kgs 9:7 (מֵעַל פְּנֵי).
  b. give over, accusative of person Ps 81:13 (ב of evil).
  c. cast out, accusative of person Jer 28:16 (מֵעַלפְּֿנֵי), Lev 18:24; Lev 20:23 (both מִפְּנֵי).
  d. send out, forth, send on a mission, especially of ׳י, with accusative of hornet Deut 7:20, compare Deut 28:20; Deut 32:24 (all ב person), serpents Num 21:6 (E; ב person), lions 2Kgs 17:25; 2Kgs 17:26 (both id.), foes 2Kgs 24:2 (twice in verse) (+ infinitive purpose); pestilence Amos 4:10; Ezek 28:23 (ב person), etc.; also springs into (ב) channel Ps 104:10.
3. let go, set free (sometimes c, חָפְשִׁי) Exod 4:23; Exod 5:2 (twice in verse) (all J E), 2Sam 3:21; 2Sam 3:23; 2Sam 3:24 +; = cease to abuse Judg 19:25 + infinitive purpose Gen 24:56 (J), Exod 5:1 (E; + 10 t. Exodus), 1Sam 5:11 with accusative of bird Gen 8:7; Gen 8:8 (+ מֵאִתּוֺ) +; + הַשָּׂדֶה Lev 14:7, compare vLev 14:53 (both P); = let loose, accusative of beast, Exod 22:4 (E), Lev 16:22 (ב location); accusative of bridle Job 30:11 (figurative); metaphor of strife Prov 6:14; Prov 6:19; Prov 16:28 let loose waters, subject ׳י, Job 12:15.
4. shoot forth branches, Jer 17:8; Ps 80:12; Ezek 31:5 (but see I. שֶׁלַךְ
2.); compare of locks (פֶּרַע) Ezek 44:20 = let grow long.
5. let down, accusative of person Jer 38:6 (ב instrumental), accusative of thing vJer 38:11 (id. + אֶל person and location). 6 shoot (accusative of arrow omitted), לִי ׳לְשַׁ לְמַטָּרָה1Sam 20:20.
7. phrases: שִׁלַּח (אֶתֿ)הָעִיר בָאֵשׁ Judg 1:8; Judg 20:48, compare 2Kgs 8:12; Ps 74:7 but also אֵשׁ בְּ ׳שׁ Amos 1:4; Amos 1:7; Amos 1:10; Amos 1:12; Amos 2:2; Amos 2:5; Hos 8:14; Ezek 39:6 rare expressions are: וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַדפִּֿשְׁעָם Job 8:4 (God subject); stretch out hand, ב of thing (for use) Prov 31:19, ל person (charity) vProv 31:20 חֶבְלֵיהֶם תְּשַׁלַּחְנָה Job 39:3 (of hinds, bearing); שַׁלַּח לַחְמְךָ עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Eccl 11:1. — רַגְלַי שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ Job 30:12 is corrupt; Theod Ew Di רַגְלָם שִׁלֵּ֑חוּ; Me Bu Be and others dittograph from vJob 30:11b. Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular שֻׁלַּךְ Judg 5:15; Job 18:8, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְשֻׁלַּח Prov 17:11 Participle מְשֻׁלָח Isa 16:2 +; — be sent off (started on journey) Gen 44:3 (J); with commission, ב person Obad 1:1; Prov 17:11, אֶל person Dan 10:11 be put away, divorced, of wife Isa 50:1 (figurative); be impelled (?), בְּרַגְלָיו (= at his heels ?), with ב location Judg 5:15 (verb dubious), compare שֻׁלַּח בְּרֶשֶׁת בְּרַגְלָיו Job 18:8 he is hurried into the net with his feet (? ᵐ5 Du שֻׁלְּחָה רַגְלוֺ); קֵן מְשֻׁלָּח Isa 16:2 a driven (scattered) nest (|| עוֺף נוֺדֵד), compare וְנֶעֱזָב כַּמִּדְבָּר ׳נָוֶה מְשׁ Isa 27:10 ׳נַעַר מְשׁ Prov 29:15 a boy let loose (unrestrained). Hiph`il Perfect 1 singular וְהִשְׁלַחְתִּ֫י and I (׳י) will send famine, בָּאָרֶץ Amos 8:11, compare Ezek 14:13, wild beasts; ב person Lev 26:22 (H); Participle מַשְׁלִיחַ, accusative of flies, ב person Exod 8:17 (J); Infinitive construct לְהַשְׁלִיחַ accusative of foe, ב of a people 2Kgs 15:37.

BDB9957 H7971 H7972

BDB9956 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9958

שְׁלַח verb send (Biblical Hebrew I. שָׁלַח); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Ezra 4:17 +; 3 masculine plural שְׁלַ֫חוּ Ezra 4:11 +; 2 masculine plural שְׁלַחְתּוּן Ezra 4:18 1 plural שְׁלַחְנָא Ezra 4:14 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁלח Ezra 5:17; Ezra 6:12 Passive participle שְׁלִיחַ Ezra 7:14; Dan 5:24 — send, accusative of letter, etc., with עַל person Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 5:7; Ezra 5:17 absolute Ezra 6:13, followed by finite verb Ezra 4:14, + accusative of person Dan 3:28; Dan 6:23 followed by Infinitive Dan 3:2 send out hand (accusative) to harm (Infinitive); passive, be sent, with מִןקֳֿדָם person: subject person Ezra 7:14 subject כַּפָּא Dan 5:24.

sent, send, go, forth, away, …
šālaḥ
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
  • to send, send away, let go, stretch out
    • (Qal)
      • to send
        • "to stretch out, extend, direct"to send away"to let loose
      (Niphal) to be sent"(Piel)
      • to send off or away or out or forth, dismiss, give over, cast out
        • "to let go, set free"to shoot forth (of branches)"to let down"to shoot
      (Pual) to be sent off, be put away, be divorced, be impelled"(Hiphil) to send

חִ֝צֶּ֗י ךָ
חִ֝צֶּ֗י
Root word arrows, arrow, dart, shaft, staff, …
ךָ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: חֵץ · hayts

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: thine arrows
arrows ×8 the arrows ×7 and arrows ×3 thine arrows ×3 an arrow ×2 his arrows ×2 a dart ×1 and shooting arrows ×1
More options
arrow — Default singular; fits most narrative and poetic contexts.
shaft — Emphasizes the physical rod/projectile; good for literal descriptions.
dart — Smaller, thrown projectile; suits swift or surprise imagery.
bolt — Vivid, forceful alternative; suits divine-judgment or lightning imagery.
missile — Broad modern term; use when weapon type is secondary.

BDB3043 H2671

BDB3042 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3044

חֵץ noun masculine1Sam 20:20 arrow, mostly in poetry and prophets (compare חֵצִי above below חצה) — absolute ׳ח Ps 91:5 + 9 t. + 1Sam 17:7 Kt (Qr עֵץ q. v.); construct id. 2Kgs 1; 2Kgs 3:17; 2Kgs 13:17 suffix חִצִּי Job 34:6, חִצּוֺ Ps 58:8; Zech 9:14, חִצָּם Ps 11:2; Ps 64:4 Plural חִצִּים Gen 49:23 + 17 t. + 1Sam 20:38 Qr (Kt חֵ֫צִי q. v.) + 2Sam 22:15 (< חִצָּיו || Ps 18:15); construct חִצֵּת Job 6:4; Ps 120:4 + Ezek 5:16 (Co חִצַּי compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Hi); חִצַּי Deut 32:23; Deut 32:42 (Ezek 5:16 see above), חִצֶּיךָ Ps 38:3 + 4 t.; חִצָּיו Isa 5:28 + 5 t.; — arrow:

1. literally, shot from bow by hand 1Sam 20:20; 1Sam 20:21 (twice in verse); 1Sam 20:22 (ᵐ5 We singular, i.e. הַחֵצִי, in v1Sam 20:21 v1Sam 20:22, see also Dr) v1Sam 20:36 v1Sam 20:38 Qr 2Kgs 19:32 = Isa 37:33; Isa 5:28; Isa 7:24; Jer 50:9; Jer 50:14; Jer 51:11; Ezek 39:3; Ezek 39:9; 1Chr 12:2 shot from engine of war 2Chr 26:15 used in divination Ezek 21:26 compare 2Kgs 13:15 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 13:17 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 13:18 בַּעֲלֵי חִצִּים = archers Gen 49:23.
2. figurative of Israel's weapons Num 24:8, of the (Messianic) king Ps 45:6, of Yahweh's judgments Deut 32:23; Deut 32:42; Job 6:4 (compare חִצִּי = my wound Job 34:6), Ps 7:14; Ps 38:3; Ps 58:8 (but on text compare Checritical note.) Ps 64:8; Ps 120:4 (? compare Che); further Prov 7:23; Lam 3:12; Ezek 5:16 in theoph. Ps 18:15 = 2Sam 22:15, compare Hab 3:11; Zech 9:14; Ps 144:6 of wicked men's violence Ps 11:2 compare Ps 91:5, under figure of lion's teeth Ps 57:5 their words Ps 64:4 compare Prov 25:18; Jer 9:8 simile, of strength and efficiency derived from one's children, Ps 127:4 of a deceiver's words Prov 26:18 metaphor of servant of ׳בָּרוּר י ׳ח Isa 49:2. — In 1Sam 17:7 read עֵץ (for חֵץ) as Qr and || 2Sam 21:19 = the shaft; see עֵץ; so Klo Dr.

arrows, arrow, dart, shaft, staff, …
ḥēṣ
properly, a piercer, i.e., an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of God) thunder-bolt; the shaft of a spear
  • arrow

וּ תְהֻמֵּֽ ם
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
תְהֻמֵּֽ
Root word discomfited, destroy, troubled, vex, break, …
ם
Suffix — pronoun their / them
Dictionary form: הָמַם · haw-MAHM

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: and destroy them
and discomfited them ×2 discomfited ×2 against them to destroy ×1 and destroy them ×1 and discomfited ×1 and troubled ×1 did vex ×1 it nor break ×1
More options
throw into chaos — Best captures total battlefield or situational disorder.
rout — Military context; enemy forces scattered in defeat.
crush — Emphasizes overwhelming, decisive force against opponents.
throw into panic — Highlights the psychological terror component.
destroy — Broader, non-military contexts of complete ruin.
overwhelm — Softer register; suits narrative or poetic passages.

BDB2195 H2000

BDB2194 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2196

הָמַם verb make a noise, move noisily, confuse, discomfit (compare [הום]) —

Qal Perfect וְהָמַם consecutive Isa 28:28 suffix הֲמָמַ֫נִי Jer 51:34 Qr (Kt הֲמָמָ֫נוּ), הֲמָמָם 2Chr 15:6 1 singular וְהַמֹּתִ֫י Exod 23:27 Imperfect וַיָּ֫הָם Exod 14:24; Judg 4:15 suffix וַיְּהֻמֵּם Josh 10:10; 1Sam 7:10; Ps 18:15 + 2Sam 22:15 Kt (doubtless right; Qr וַיָּהֹ֑ם); 2 masculine singular suffix וּתְהֻמֵּם Ps 144:6 Infinitive suffix לְהֻמָּם Deut 2:15; Esth 9:24 —
1. move noisily, transitive, drive a wagon in threshing גִּלְגַּל עֶגְּלָתוֺ וּפָרָשָׁיו ׳ה Isa 28:28 (|| דושׁ).
2. confuse, discomfit, with accusative Exod 14:24; Exod 23:27; Josh 10:10; Judg 4:15; 1Sam 7:10; Ps 18:15 = 2Sam 22:15 (|| הפיץ), Ps 144:6 (|| id.); discomfit, vex, 2Chr 15:6 with accusative & בְּכָלצָֿרָה of instrumental; with accusative also Deut 2:15 (followed by עַד תֻּמָּם), Esth 9:24 (followed by לְאַבְּדָם); probably also Jer 51:34 (|| אָכַל), compare הוּם Deut 7:23.

discomfited, destroy, troubled, vex, break, …
hāmam
properly, to put in commotion; by implication, to disturb, drive, destroy
  • to move noisily, confuse, make a noise, discomfit, break, consume, crush, destroy, trouble, vex
    • (Qal)
      • to move noisily
        • "to confuse, discomfit, vex

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.
בְּר֣וֹק בָּ֭רָק Dechi — a lesser break וּתְפִיצֵ֑ם Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here שְׁלַ֥ח חִ֝צֶּ֗יךָ Revia Mugrash — a lesser break וּתְהֻמֵּֽם Silluq — end of the verse

בְּרוֹק בָּרָק וּתְפִיצֵם שְׁלַח חִצֶּיךָ וּתְהֻמֵּֽם׃
6
Cast forth lightning, and scatter them: shoot out thine arrows, and destroy them.
Cross References

Deuteronomy 32:23

אַסְפֶּה עָלֵימוֹ רָעוֹת חִצַּי אֲכַלֶּה-בָּֽם׃
23
I will heap mischiefs upon them; I will spend mine arrows upon them.

Psalms 18:13

וַיַּרְעֵם בַּשָּׁמַיִם׀ יְֽהוָה וְעֶלְיוֹן יִתֵּן קֹלוֹ בָּרָד וְגַֽחֲלֵי-אֵֽשׁ׃
13
The LORD also thundered in the heavens, and the Highest gave his voice; hail stones and coals of fire.

Deuteronomy 32:42

אַשְׁכִּיר חִצַּי מִדָּם וְחַרְבִּי תֹּאכַל בָּשָׂר מִדַּם חָלָל וְשִׁבְיָה מֵרֹאשׁ פַּרְעוֹת אוֹיֵֽב׃
42
I will make mine arrows drunk with blood, and my sword shall devour flesh; and that with the blood of the slain and of the captives, from the beginning of revenges upon the enemy.

2 Samuel 22:12

וַיָּשֶׁת חֹשֶׁךְ סְבִֽיבֹתָיו סֻכּוֹת חַֽשְׁרַת-מַיִם עָבֵי שְׁחָקִֽים׃
12
And he made darkness pavilions round about him, dark waters, and thick clouds of the skies.

Psalms 21:12

כִּי תְּשִׁיתֵמוֹ שֶׁכֶם בְּמֵֽיתָרֶיךָ תְּכוֹנֵן עַל-פְּנֵיהֶֽם׃
12
Therefore shalt thou make them turn their back, when thou shalt make ready thine arrows upon thy strings against the face of them.

Psalms 7:12

אִם-לֹא יָשׁוּב חַרְבּוֹ יִלְטוֹשׁ קַשְׁתּוֹ דָרַךְ וַֽיְכוֹנְנֶֽהָ׃
12
If he turn not, he will whet his sword; he hath bent his bow, and made it ready.

Psalms 45:5

חִצֶּיךָ שְׁנוּנִים עַמִּים תַּחְתֶּיךָ יִפְּלוּ בְּלֵב אוֹיְבֵי הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
5
Thine arrows are sharp in the heart of the king's enemies; whereby the people fall under thee.

Psalms 77:17

זֹרְמוּ מַיִם׀ עָבוֹת קוֹל נָתְנוּ שְׁחָקִים אַף-חֲצָצֶיךָ יִתְהַלָּֽכוּ׃
17
The clouds poured out water: the skies sent out a sound: thine arrows also went abroad.
Psalms 144:5
Read Psalms 144
Psalms 144:7