Psalms 19:10

הַֽ נֶּחֱמָדִ֗ים

הַֽ

Prefix — article the

נֶּחֱמָדִ֗ים

Root word desired, desire, beloved, covet, pleasant, …

Dictionary form: חָמַד · haw-MAHD

Verb — Niphal, Participle Active, masculine plural, absolute state passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: more to be desired

covet thou shalt ×2 desire ×2 desireth ×2 greatly beloved ×2 to be desired ×2 and pleasant things ×1 and precious ×1 and their delectable things ×1

More options

covet — Best for forbidden longing; strong moral/legal contexts.

desire — Broad, neutral; fits most general contexts well.

long for — Emphasizes yearning or deep emotional want.

crave — Intense, appetite-driven desire; slightly informal register.

delight in — Highlights pleasure and appreciation rather than acquisition.

cherish — Warm, positive regard; suits beloved or treasured objects.

BDB2839 H2530

חָמַד verb desire, take pleasure in (Aramaic חֲמַד (not in Syriac); Arabic praise, eulogize, appove of; Sabean חמדם in gratitude [praise] there-for DHM^{ZMG 1875, 595; 1876, 686}) —

Qal Perfect ׳ח Ps 68:17; Prov 12:12 חָֽמְדוּ Prov 1:22 וְחָֽמְדוּ consecutive Mic 2:2 חֲמַדְתֶּם Isa 1:29 Imperfect יַחְמֹד Exod 34:24 2 masculine singular תַּחְמֹד Exod 20:16 (twice in verse) + 3 t. (including Prov 6:25 jussive); suffix וָאֶחְמְדֵם Josh 7:21 וְנֶחְמְדֵ֫הוּ Isa 53:2 Passive participle חֲמוּדוֺ Ps 39:12; Job 20:20, חֲמוּדֵיהֶם Isa 44:9 — desire:
a. in bad sense of inordinate, ungoverned, selfish desire, followed by accusative Exod 20:17 (twice in verse) (E) = Deut 5:18 (Deut 5:18 b has תִּתְאַוֶּה), Exod 34:24 (JE) Deut 7:25; Josh 7:21 (JE) Mic 2:2; Prov 12:12 of lustful desire Prov 6:25.
b. = take pleasure in, of idolatrous tendency Isa 1:29, so participle plural חֲמוּדֵיהֵם Isa 44:9 their delightful things (things in which they delight, see also vIsa 44:11 and Bev^{JPhoenician xvii. 1888. p. 126}); לֵצִים לָצוֺן חָֽמְדוּ Prov 1:22 how long do scorners delight in scoring.
c. less often in good sense, said of God לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳הָהָר חָמַד א, poetic Ps 68:17 object the suffering servant of ׳י, Isa 53:2 no beauty in him, that we should desire him (choose him, be drawn toward him); passive participle collective חֲמוּדוֺ Ps 39:12 his desired things, i. e. chosen, choice, desirable (see Niph`al); so probably Job 20:20. Niph`al Participle נֶחְמָד Gen 2:9 + 2 t.; הַנֶּחֱמָדִים Ps 19:11 — desirable: ׳עץ נ לְמַרְאֶה Gen 2:9, לְהַשְׂכִּיל ׳נ Gen 3:6, מִזָּהָב ׳הַנֶּח Ps 19:11 which are more desirable than gold; אוֺצָר נֶחְמָד Prov 21:20 desirable, i.e. costly treasure. Pi`el Perfect 1 singular delight greatly וְיָשַׁ֫בְתִּי ׳בְּצִלּוֺ ח Song 2:3 in his shadow I greatly delighted and sate, i.e. sate with great delight.

BDB2842 H2530

[חֲמוּדָה] noun feminine desirableness, preciousness — Plural absolute חֲמוּדוֺת Dan 9:23 חֲמוּדֹת Ezra 8:37 חֲמֻדוֺת 2Chr 20:25 + 4 t.; חֲמֻדֹת Gen 27:15 construct חֲמֻדוֺת Dan 11:43 — desirable, choice things i.e. garments Gen 27:15 (|| בגדים); compare Dan 11:38 (|| אבן יקרה), Dan 11:43 (חֲמֻדוֺת מִצְרַיִם); = precious things Ezra 8:27 (as gold); ׳כלי ח 2Chr 20:25 ׳לֶחֶם ח Deut 10:3 of man only ׳אִישׁחֿ Dan 10:11; Dan 10:19, and, without אישׁ, אָ֫תָּה ׳ח Dan 9:23 thou art a precious treasure (on construction see Dr^{§ 189, 2}; see Bev and compare negative חמד Isa 53:2).

desired, desire, beloved, covet, pleasant, …

ḥāmad

to delight in

(v) to desire, covet, take pleasure in, delight in

(Qal) to desire

מִ ֭זָּהָב

מִ

Prefix — preposition from, out of

֭זָּהָב

Root word gold, golden, weather

Dictionary form: זָהָב · dzaw-HAWB

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: are they than gold

of gold ×117 gold ×69 and gold ×29 and the gold ×15 with gold ×15 golden ×14 the gold ×13 the golden ×11

More options

gold — Default choice; works as noun in most contexts.

golden — Use as adjective when modifying a noun.

made of gold — Clarifies material when construction is ambiguous.

gold plating — Use when context implies a surface coating or overlay.

pure gold — Emphasizes quality or purity in cultic/royal contexts.

BDB2294 H2091

זָהָב₃₈₅noun masculine^{Gen 2:12} gold (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic Sabean דֿהב e.g. Os²⁹ DHM^{ZMG 1883, 338}; Aramaic דְּהַב, , Palmyrene דהבא Vog^{No. 23}) — ׳ז absolute Gen 2:11 + 364 t.; construct Gen 2:12 + 6 t.; suffix זְהָבִי 1Kgs 20:7 + 2 t.; זְהָֽבְךָ 1Kgs 20:3; 1Kgs 20:5 זְהָבֶ֑ךָ Isa 30:22 זְהָבוֺ Isa 2:20; Isa 31:7 זְהָבָם Hos 8:4 + 4 t.; — gold,

1. = gold-ore, gold in a raw state, Gen 2:11; Gen 2:12; Jer 10:9; Prov 17:3; Prov 27:21; Job 28:1 +; perhaps also 1Kgs 9:28; 1Kgs 10:11; 1Kgs 22:49 etc.; compare ׳עַפְרֹת ז Job 28:6 gold-dust; see also Zech 13:9 (simile of tried people ׳י) and compare Mal 3:3 likewise Job 23:10 (simile of Job's purity, as shewn by divine tests); מִצָּפוֺן זָהָב Job 37:22 is dubious

**read perhaps זֹהַר Du and Dr; Ew De and others out of the North comes gold; others, however, golden light, brightness, of sun after clouds dispersed by north wind, ᵐ5 Rabb Da and others; or golden splendour of God coming from north Bö^{Ä 76} Hi and others; Siegf conjecture יהוה for זהב

2. gold as wealth Gen 13:2 (J; + מִקְנֶה, כֶּסֶף) Gen 24:34 (J; + צאֹן, בָּקָר, כֶּסֶף, עֲבָדִם, שְׁפָחֹת, גְּמַלִּים, חֲמֹרִים) compare Hos 2:8; Isa 2:7; Deut 8:13; Deut 17:17; Job 3:15; Job 31:24; Zech 14:14; Ezra 1:4; Ezra 1:6 +; in general, as precious: נִבְחָר שֵׁם מֵעשֶׁר רָ֑ב מִכֶּסֶף וּמִזָּהָב חֵן טוֺב Prov 22:1 to be chosen is a name more than great riches, and good favour more than silver and than gold; Job 28:17 (of wisdom) gold and glass do not equal it; Ps 19:10 (ordinances of ׳י) which are more to be desired than gold; compare Ps 119:72; Ps 119:127; also metaphor of princes and chief men of Zion Lam 4:1 (compare vLam 4:2).

3. gold as spoil of war Josh 6:19 (+ כֶּסֶף, כְּלֵינְֿחשֶׁת, בַּרְזֶל) so vJosh 6:24, compare Josh 7:21; Josh 7:24; Josh 22:8; 2Kgs 7:8 +.

4. gold as merchandise Ezek 27:22 (+ אֶבֶן יְקָרָה, ראֹשׁ כָּלבּֿשֶֹׁם), compare also gold from Ophir 1Kgs 9:28 etc. (see below 7 below)

5. gold as costly gift: to a prophet ׳מְלֹא בֵּיתוֺ כֶּסֶף וְז (hypothet.), Num 22:18; Num 24:13 (both E); brought by queen of Sheba to Solomon 1Kgs 10:2; 1Kgs 10:10 (both + אֶבֶן יְקָרָה and בְּשָׂמִים) = 2Chr 9:1; 2Chr 9:9 as tribute 2Kgs 23:35 (twice in verse) (compare v2Kgs 23:33 all + כֶּסֶף); as satisfaction for murder 2Sam 21:4 (+ כֶּסֶף).

6. gold as material: of (nose- or ear-) ring, נֶזֶם Gen 24:22; Exod 32:2; Exod 32:3; Judg 8:24; Judg 8:25; Prov 11:22; Prov 25:12; Job 42:11 of chain Gen 41:42, shields 2Sam 8:7, images of emerods 1Sam 6:4; 1Sam 6:17 and mice v1Sam 6:4 v1Sam 6:11 v1Sam 6:18 בְּמַשְׂכִּיּוֺת כֶּסֶף ׳תַּפּוּחֵי ז Prov 25:11 ׳גֻּלַּת ז Exod 12:6 ׳כְּלֵיזֿ Exod 3:22; Exod 11:2; Exod 12:35; 1Sam 6:8; Ps 105:37 etc.; כְּלֵיכֶֿסֶף וּכְלֵי זָהָב Gen 24:53 as presents to a bride (+ בְּגָדִים); so of presents to secure king's favour 2Sam 8:10 (+ כְּלֵי נְחשֶׁת), and in list of yearly gifts or tribute to Solomon 1Kgs 10:25 = 2Chr 9:24 as material of idols אֱלֹהֵי ׳כֶסֶף וֵאלֹהֵי ז Exod 20:23 compare Exod 32:31; Hos 8:4; Isa 2:20; Isa 30:22; Isa 31:7; Deut 29:16; Ps 115:4; Ps 135:15 as plating of idols Deut 7:25 especially as material of the furnishings of Solomon's temple, or (oftener) the platings of temple, or parts thereof, or of its furnishings 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 (3 t. in verse); 1Kgs 6:22 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 6:28; 1Kgs 7:48 + 10 t. 1Kgs 6:7 also 2Chr 3:5 (twice in verse); 2Chr 3:6 + 14 t. 2Chr 3:4 cf 1Chr 28:14 (twice in verse) + 14 t. 1Chr 28:29 (David's preparation for temple); see also 2Kgs 24:13 compare 2Kgs 14:14 = 2Chr 25:24; 2Kgs 25:15 = Jer 52:19 (in accounts of plundering temple etc.); but more often still of furnishing and utensils of tabernacle, insignia of high-priest etc., Exod 25:3; Exod 25:11; Exod 25:24 + 97 t. Ex 25-40, Lev 8:9; Num 4:11; Num 8:4 (in case of large objects frequently of plating or sheathing, compare 12 c below) Note the expressions ליהוה ׳תְּנוּפַת ז Exod 35:22 a wave-offering of gold, זְהַב הַתְּנוּפָה Exod 38:24 also זְהַב הַתְּרוּמָה Num 31:52 (all P) compare Ezra 8:25, and (of offering to heathen god) יְכַבֵּד בְּזָהָב Dan 11:38.

7. gold described by its source, especially gold from Ophir (compare Glass: Skizze ii. 357 ff. 368) 1Kgs 9:28; 1Kgs 10:11; 1Kgs 22:49; 1Chr 29:4; 2Chr 8:18; 2Chr 9:10 so perh Jer 10:9 (read אוֺפִיר for אוּפַז Ew Klo and others); זְהַב שְׁבָא Ps 72:15 on פַּרְוָ֑יִם ׳ז 2Chr 3:6 see פרוים; compare further Gen 2:11; Gen 2:12.

8. gold defined by var. adjective and pts.: שָׁחוּט ׳ז beaten gold (see שָׁחַט) 1Kgs 10:16; 1Kgs 10:17 = 2Chr 9:15 (twice in verse); 2Chr 9:16 סָגוּר ׳ז 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 also 1Kgs 7:49; 1Kgs 7:50; 1Kgs 10:21 = 2Chr 4:20; 2Chr 4:22; 2Chr 9:21 (on meaning see סָגַר); especially (but only P & Chronicles) טָהוֺר ׳ז pure gold Exod 25:11; Exod 25:17; Exod 25:24 + 21 t. Exod 25. 28. 30. 37. 39 (of equipments of tabernacle and high priest's insignia), 1Chr 28:17; 2Chr 3:4; 2Chr 9:17 compare טוֺב ׳ז 2Chr 3:5; 2Chr 3:8 on מוּפָז ׳ז 1Kgs 10:18, AV best gold, compare אוּפָז, פָּזַז.

9. ׳ז as measure of weight and value:
a. = gold-shekel, מִשְׁקָלָם ׳עֲשָׂרָה ז Gen 24:22 ׳כַּף אַחַת עֲשָׂרָה ז Num 7:14 + 11 t. Num 7 אֶלֶף ׳וּשְׁבַעמֵֿאוֺת ז Judg 8:26, compare 1Kgs 10:16; 2Kgs 5:5; 2Chr 9:15; 2Chr 9:16 וָכָ֑סֶף ׳אַלְפֵי ז Ps 119:72 compare further Josh 7:21 but also (only Chronicles) שֶׁקֶל expressed: מִשְׁקַל ׳שִׁקְלֵי ז שֵׁשׁ מֵאוֺת 1Chr 21:25 (50 shekels of silver in || 2Sam 24:24); ׳וּמִשְׁקָל לְמִסְמְרוֺת לִשְׁקָלִים חֲמִשִּׁים ז 2Chr 3:9.
b. ׳שְׁלשֶׁת מָנִים ז 1Kgs 10:17 three minas of gold (see מָנֶה).
c. ׳כִּכַּר ז talent of gold 2Sam 12:30; 1Kgs 9:14 + (see כִּכָּר).
d. זָהָב דַּרְכְּמוֺנִים שֵׁשׁרִֿבּאֹוֺת וָאֶלֶף Ezra 2:69 compare Neh 7:69; Neh 7:70; Neh 7:71 also עֶשְׂרִים לַאֲדַרְכֹּנִים אָ֑לָף ׳וּכְפֹרֵי ז Ezra 8:27 (see דַּרְכְּמוֺן); — with the above should perhaps be compared מִכִּיס ׳הַזָּלִים ז Isa 46:6 i.e. the gold used in making the god was the coin carried in the bag.

10. ׳ז = golden oil, from colour, Zech 4:12.

11. ׳ז often named with כֶּסֶף, and then, in earlier and sometimes in later writings, follows it: בַּכֶּסֶף וּבַזָּהָב Gen 13:2 (J), compare Gen 24:35; Gen 24:53; Gen 44:8 (all J) Exod 3:22; Exod 11:2; Exod 12:35; Num 22:18; Num 24:13 (all E), Josh 6:19; Josh 6:24 (JE), Deut 7:25; Deut 17:17; Deut 29:16; 2Sam 8:11; 2Sam 21:4; 1Kgs 7:51; 1Kgs 15:15; 1Kgs 15:18; 1Kgs 15:19; 2Kgs 7:8; 2Kgs 16:8; 2Kgs 18:14; 2Kgs 20:13; 2Kgs 23:33; 2Kgs 23:35 (twice in verse); Hos 2:10; Hos 8:4; Hos 60:9; Hos 38:13; Joel 4:5, Prov 22:1; Ps 105:37; Ps 115:4; Ps 135:15; 2Chr 1:15; 2Chr 5:1; Ezra 1:4; Ezra 8:25; Dan 11:8; Eccl 2:8 +; in later writings ׳ז often precedes Ezek 28:4; Zech 14:14; Mal 3:3; 1Chr 18:10; 1Chr 22:14; 1Chr 22:16; 1Chr 28:15; 1Chr 28:16; 1Chr 29:3; 1Chr 29:4; 1Chr 29:5; 1Chr 29:7; 2Chr 9:14; 2Chr 9:21; 2Chr 24:14; 2Chr 25:24; Ezra 1:11; Ps 119:72; Song 1:11; Dan 11:38 +, and so in P, Exod 25:3; Exod 31:4; Exod 35:5; Exod 35:32; Num 31:32 yet also as early as Hab 2:19; 1Kgs 10:22; 2Kgs 25:15.

12. the chief verbs used with ׳ז are:
a. עָשָׂה make of (c. 2 accusative) 1Kgs 7:48 (compare v1Kgs 7:49 v1Kgs 7:49 v1Kgs 7:50 v1Kgs 7:50) 1Kgs 10:16; 1Kgs 12:28; 1Kgs 14:26; 2Chr 4:7; 2Chr 4:8; 2Chr 4:19; 2Chr 12:9; 2Chr 13:8, and especially in P (tabernacle) Exod 25:11; Exod 25:17; Exod 25:18 + 35 t. Ex 25-39; also followed by בְּ work in gold, וּבַכֶּסֶף וּבַנְּחשֶׁת ׳לַעֲשׂוֺת בַּזּ Exod 31:4; Exod 35:32, also (+ בַּבַּרְזֶל, etc.), 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:13
b. יָצַק (object ׳טַבְּעֹת ז) Exod 25:12; Exod 37:3; Exod 37:13 (all P);
c. צִפָּה overlay with (c. 2 accusative) 1Kgs 6:20; 1Kgs 6:21 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 6:22; 1Kgs 6:28; 1Kgs 6:30; 1Kgs 6:32; 1Kgs 6:35 (1Kgs 6:32 v1Kgs 6:35 one accusative omitted), 1Kgs 10:18; 2Chr 3:4; 2Chr 3:10; 2Chr 9:17, and especially P (tabernacle) Exod 25:11; Exod 25:13; Exod 25:24; Exod 25:28 + 15 t. Ex 26-37; in same sense
d. ׳וַיְחַפֵּהוּ ז 2Chr 3:5 compare v2Chr 3:7 v2Chr 3:8 v2Chr 3:9, and
e. וָכֶסֶף ׳תָּפוּשׂ ז Hab 2:19 encased in gold and silver; also feminine יְרַקְּעֶנּוּ ׳בַּזּ Isa 40:19
g. רדד Hiph`il, ׳וַיָּ֫רֶב עַלהַֿכְּרוּבִים וְעַלהַֿתִּמֹּרוֺת אֶתהַֿזּ 1Kgs 6:32 and he spread upon the cherubim and upon the palm-trees the gold; further
h. בָּחַן try, Zech 13:9 compare
i. זִקַּק Mal 3:3. — On דִּי זָהָב, proper name; on מֵי זָהָב proper name see below מַיִם.

BDB9429 H1722 H2091

דָּהָב₂₃ noun masculine^{Dan 2:32} gold (so ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew זָהָב); — absolute ׳ד Dan 2:32 +, דְּהַ֑ב Ezra 7:15 emphatic דַּהֲבָה Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:5; Ezra 7:18, בָא- Dan 2:35 + 15 t. Daniel.

gold, golden, weather

zāhāb

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky

gold

as precious metal

וּ מִ פַּ֣ז

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

מִ

Prefix — preposition from, out of

פַּ֣ז

Root word gold

Dictionary form: פָּז · pawdz

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: fine gold

fine gold ×2 of fine gold ×2 of pure gold ×1 than fine gold ×1 to fine gold ×1 yea above fine gold ×1 yea than fine gold ×1

More options

pure gold — Emphasizes refinement and freedom from impurity.

refined gold — Highlights the processing/purification aspect.

finest gold — Superlative register; good for poetic or elevated contexts.

choice gold — Suggests selectivity and high quality; slightly formal.

solid gold — Modern idiom for unadulterated gold; accessible register.

gold of the highest quality — Explanatory phrase; useful when precision matters most.

BDB6572 H6337

פַּז noun masculine^{Ps 19:11} refined, pure gold (Talmud פִּיזָּא; ᵑ7 פִּיזּוּזָא); — עֲטֶרֶת פָּ֑ז Ps 21:4 in comparison of value or beauty: Lam 4:2, ׳אַדְנֵיפֿ Song 5:15 || (or +) זהב Job 28:17 (׳כְּלִיפֿ), Ps 19:11 (+ רָ֑ב), Ps 119:127 || כֶּתֶם Isa 13:12, compare ׳כֶּתֶם פ Song 5:11 + חָרוּץ Prov 8:19.

gold

pāz

pure (gold); hence, gold itself (as refined)

refined or pure gold

רָ֑ב

Root word many, great, much, captain, more, …

Dictionary form: רַב · rahb

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: yea than much

many ×82 great ×25 and many ×23 much ×16 of many ×16 the captain ×15 is great ×9 a great ×7

More options

many — Best default for plural/numerical contexts.

great — Prefer for intensity, size, or importance.

much — Use with uncountable or mass nouns.

abundant — Highlights surplus or overflow; slightly elevated register.

numerous — More formal synonym for 'many'; suits lists or armies.

chief — Use when רַב functions as a title or rank.

BDB7691 H7227

I. רַב₄₂₉ adjective much, many, great; — masculine singular absolute ׳ר Gen 24:25+, רָ֑ב Gen 33:9+, also רָ֛ב 2Chr 20:2 ב֖ 2Chr 28:8, רָב֨ Ezra 10:13, etc.; construct תַב Exod 34:6 +; feminine singular רַבָּה Num 11:33 +; construct רַבַּת Ezek 22:5 + רַבָּ֫תִי (Ges^{§90 k 1}) Lam 1:1 (twice in verse); masculine plural absolute רַבִּים Exod 23:2 (twice in verse)+, construct see II. רַב; feminine plural absolute רַבּוֺת Gen 30:43 +; — [often both as predicate and as attributive; as attributive preceding noun (influence of usage for numerals ? Kö^{Synt.§334 k} Ges^{«GKC:132b»§ 132b}): רַב Isa 63:7; Ps 145:7 (but read probably רֹב, רָבֿ; in Isa 21:7 ׳ר is predicate), רַבּים Jer 16:16; Ps 32:10; Ps 89:51 (on context Bö^NÄ Bae, also Hup), Prov 7:26; 1Chr 28:5, רַבּוֺת Neh 9:28; Prov 31:29]; —

1. (often opposed to מְעַט)
a. (1)much: of substances, gold 1Kgs 10:2; Ps 19:11, silver (money) 2Kgs 12:11; 2Chr 24:11, bronze 1Chr 18:8, wine Esth 1:7 of other quantities, e.g.spoil 2Sam 3:22, property 2Chr 32:29, seed Deut 28:38, etc.; רַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ EC Deut 6:3b be it much that his days amount to; (2) especially of collectives, numerous, עַםרַֿב Josh 11:4; 2Sam 13:34 עֲבֻדָּה רַבָּךְ Gen 26:14; Job 1:3, מִקְנֶה רַב Deut 3:19+,etc.
b. plural many: person Exod 5:5; Judg 8:30; Judg 9:40; 1Kgs 4:20; 1Kgs 11:1+, things Gen 30:48; Amos 5:12; Deut 31:17 +; noun omitted רַבּוֺת Dan 11:41 (that is, lands; read רִבּוֺת myriads Kmp Bev Behrm Marti Prince); יָמִים רֵבִּים many days (a long time) Gen 21:34; Gen 37:24+28 t.,שָׁנִים רַבּוֺת Neh 9:30; Eccl 6:3a, אִם עוֺר רַבּוֺת בַּשָּׁנִים Lev 25:51 רַבּוֺת עִתִּים Neh 9:28 many times (see above) =פְּעָמִים רַבּוֺת Ps 106:43; Eccl 7:22 מַכָּה רַבָּה Deut 25:3 many blows; מַיִם רִַ׃בּים many waters Num 20:11+27 t., compare Isa 8:7 etc.
c. רַב as substantive collective person Exod 19:21, also (opposed to מְעַט)1Sam 14:6; Num 13:18; Num 26:54; Num 26:56; Num 33:54; Num 35:8 so רַבַּת (Ges^{«GKC:130a»§ 130a}) 2Chr 30:17; 2Chr 30:18, and (thing; =much) Ezek 24:12 רַב construct before abstract (= רֹב) Isa 21:7; Isa 63:7; Ps 145:7 especially plural רַבִּים of person Exod 23:2 (twice in verse) +37 t. + בַּתרַֿבִּים Song 7:5.
d. construct= abounding in, רַבבְּֿרֶכוֺת Prov 28:20, רַבחֶֿסֶר (see I. חֶסֶד 3), רַבפֹּֿךְַ Ps 147:5, רַבמְֿאֵרוֺת Prov 28:27, רַב הַמְּהוּמָה Ezek 22:5, רַבנֿוֺצָךְ Ezek 17:7, רַבחֶֿעֲלִיָּה Jer 32:19, רֵבפְּֿעֶלִים 2Sam 23:20= 1Chr 11:22, רַבפָּֿ֑שַׁע Prov 29:22 רַבתְּֿבוּנָה Prov 14:29 רַבַּת אוֺצָרֹת Jer 51:13, רַבַּת בָּנִים 1Sam 2:5 רַבָּ֫תִי עָם Lam 1:1 (Ges^{«GKC:90l»§ 90l}).
e. + מִן compare= more numerous than Exod 1:9; Num 22:15; Josh 10:11; Judg 16:30; 2Kgs 6:16; Isa 54:1; 1Chr 24:4; 2Chr 32:7; Dan 11:13 followed by infinitive, too many to Gen 36:7; Judg 7:2 (compare vJudg 7:4); see also following feminine רַב =abundant, enough Gen 24:25; Gen 33:9 as exclamation enough! Gen 45:28; 2Sam 24:16; 1Chr 21:15; 1Kgs 19:4, so (+ מִן infinitive) Exod 9:28 (מִן 6 d); רַבלָֿךְ (with implication of excess) Deut 3:26 (let it) suffice thee! so רַבלָֿכֶם Ezek 45:9, also Num 16:3; Num 16:7= ye assume too much ! + infinitive it is enough for you to Deut 1:6; Deut 2:3 (i.e. you have done it enough), so+ מִן infinitive 1Kgs 12:23, מִן substantive Ezek 44:6.
g. as adverb much, exceedingly (only Psalms), רַב Ps 123:3, ָרב Ps 18:15 (Hup De Che and others; HPS^{2Sam 22:15} conjectures רָמָה omits || 2Sam 22:15); רַבָּה Ps 62:3; Ps 78:15; Ps 89:8 (ᵐ5. Bae רַב הוּא ); רַבַּת (Aramaism, compare Syriac , , Nö^{§ 155} A&W^{SG 135}) Ps 65:10; Ps 120:6 (=long enough), Ps 123:4; Ps 129:1; Ps 129:2

2. less often great:
a. of space 1Sam 26:13, the deep Amos 7:4; Gen 7:11; Isa 51:10; Ps 36:7(figurative), city Lam 1:1 (רַ֫בָּתִי בַגּוֺיִם Ges§), — see also צִירוֺן חֲמַת; -plague Num 11:33, empire Esth 1:20 goodness Ps 31:20, wickedness Gen 6:5, etc.
b. specifically strong (opposed to אֵין כֹּחַ) 2Chr 14:10 רַב לְהוֺשִׁיעַ Isa 63:1 so רַבִּים as substantive Isa 53:12 (|| עֲצוּמִים).
c. major natu Gen 25:23 (opposed to צָעִיר); רַבּים as substantive grandoevi, Job 32:9.
d. + מִן compare greater than Deut 7:1; Deut 7:17; Deut 9:14; Deut 20:1 too great for Josh 19:9; 1Kgs 19:7 — Prov 26:10 is hopelessly corrupt, see Toy.

BDB7692 H7227 H7248 H7249 H8248 H7262

II. רַב₄₉ noun masculine chief (Assyrian-Babylonian influence, compare rab Dl^{HWB 609 b}; Biblical Aramic רַב); — construct ׳ר Jer 39:9+; plural construct רַבֵּי Jer 39:13; Jer 41:1 (but see below); — especially רַבֿ טַבָּחִים chief of guardsmen (see טַבָּח), only as title of Babylonian officer Jer 30:9; Jer 30:10 + 15 t. Jeremiah, 7 t || 2Kgs 25 (compare ׳שַׁר הַט in Gen [J E]); also רַב הַחֹבֵל Jonah 1:6 chief of the sailors, i.e. captain; in general כָּלרַֿב בֵּיתוֺ Esth 1:8, רַבמָֿרִיסָיו Dan 1:3 (see סָרִיס ), and so רַבֵּי מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל Jer 39:13, רַבֵּי הַמֶּלֶךְ Jer 41:1 (late gloss; omitted by ᵐ5 and || 2Kgs 25:25, so Hi Gf Gie). The following titles of Assyrian -Babylonian officers are probably loan-words in Hebrew: רַבמָֿ֑ג Jer 39:3; Jer 39:13 usually chief soothsayer (see מָ֑ג), but = rab-mugi [? chief of princes] Pinches^{Hast. DB. BAB-MAG}; רַבסָֿרִיס (compare Old Aramaic [Nineveh] רב סרס Lzb³⁸⁶), 2Kgs 18:17 (Assyrian; not in || Isa 36:2), Jer 39:8; Jer 39:13 (Babylonian ), usually chief eunuch, but = rabû-ša-rêši, chief of the heads (the principal men) Wkl^{Unters. x.altor.Geschichte.1889, Excurs. v, p. 138} (actually found as rubû-ša-ri-ešu Pinches^{Acad June 25,1892, 618}), Pinches^{Hast.DB.RAB-SARIS}; רַבשָֿׁקֵה (van d. H. רַבְשָׁקֵה) chief of the officers (?) (so probably Assyrian rab-ŠA†; ša‡kû = high one; COT^{2Kgs 18:17} KB^ii.23 Dl^{HWB 685 a} Tiele^{Bab.-As. Geschichte.497.513} Pinches^{Hast.DB.iv 191}), 2Kgs 18:17; 2Kgs 18:19; 2Kgs 18:26; 2Kgs 18:27; 2Kgs 18:37; 2Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:8 = Isa 36:2; Isa 36:4; Isa 36:11; Isa 36:13 (twice in verse); Isa 36:22; Isa 37:4; Isa 37:8

BDB9879 H7227 H7231 H7239

רבב (√ of following; see Biblical Hebrew I. רבב, רַב, רִבּוֺ).

many, great, much, captain, more, …

rab

abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)

(adj) much, many, great

much

וּ מְתוּקִ֥ים

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

מְתוּקִ֥ים

Root word sweet, sweeter, sweetness

Dictionary form: מָתוֹק · maw-TOKE

Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: sweeter

is sweet ×3 and sweet ×1 for sweet ×1 for sweetness ×1 is sweeter ×1 sweet ×1 sweeter ×1 sweetness ×1

More options

sweet — Most versatile; fits taste, sound, and metaphor.

pleasant — Prefer when sweetness is figurative or emotional.

delightful — Stronger emotional warmth; good for poetry or wisdom texts.

agreeable — Neutral, mild; suits understated or prose contexts.

delicious — Vivid sensory word; best for literal food or drink.

sweetness — Use when the noun form captures an abstract quality.

BDB4904 H4966

מָתוֺק adjective sweet, and noun [masculine] sweetness (on form see Lag^{BN 30, 60}, compare Ba^{NB 13, 36}); — absolute ׳מ Judg 14:14 + 9 t.; feminine מְתוּקָה Eccl 5:11 plural מְתוּקִים Ps 19:11 —

1. sweet, of honey Judg 14:14 (where ׳מ = substantive a sweet thing), vJudg 14:18 (both Samson's riddle), Prov 24:13 so = sweetness, Ezek 3:3 more generally, ׳כָּלמַֿר מ Prov 27:7 every bitter thing is sweet to one hungry; figurative Ps 19:11 (God's commandments, sweeter than honey), compare Prov 16:24 (simile of pleasant words) לְחִכִּי ׳וּפִרְיוֺ מ Song 2:3 (i.e his caresses); לְמָ֑ר ׳וּמ ׳שָׂמִים מַר לְמ Isa 5:20 making bitter into sweet and sweet into bitter (obscuring moral distinctions; || הָאֹמְרִים לָרַע טוֺב וְלַטּוֺב רָ֑ע).

2. = pleasant, sleep of the toiler Eccl 5:11 light Eccl 1:17 (|| טוֺב לַעֵינַיִם לִרְאוֺת אֶתהַֿשֶּׁמֶשׁ).

sweet, sweeter, sweetness

mātôq

sweet

(adj) sweet

מִ ֝דְּבַ֗שׁ

מִ

Prefix — preposition from, out of

֝דְּבַ֗שׁ

Root word honey

Dictionary form: דְּבַשׁ · deh-BAHSH

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: also than honey

and honey ×29 honey ×9 and of honey ×2 of honey ×2 the honey ×2 also than honey ×1 and with honey ×1 as honey ×1

More options

honey — Direct, universally understood modern equivalent.

nectar — Poetic contexts; evokes sweetness and natural richness.

wild honey — Use when the wilderness/natural source is emphasized.

syrup — Some scholars read dəḇaš as date or grape syrup; contextual.

sweetness — Figurative or metaphorical passages stressing quality.

golden honey — Vivid, literary contexts where color or richness is highlighted.

BDB1832 H1706

דְּבַשׁ₅₄ noun masculine^{1Sam 14:29} honey (named from colour according to Fl NHWB^{i. 430}; Arabic () date-honey; Late Hebrew דְּבַשׁ, Aramaic דּובשא, , , honey both of fruits and of bees; compare also Assyrian dišpu COT^Gloss Zim^{BP 84} Dl^{Pr 70}) — absolute ׳ד Gen 43:11 + 33 t.; דְּבָ֑שׁ Exod 3:8 + 18 t.; suffix דִּבְשִׁי Song 5:1 — honey, product of bees, used as food Judg 14:8; Judg 14:9; Judg 14:18 (in lion's carcass); found in (clefts of) rock Deut 32:13 (מִסֶּלַע ׳ד, in song, J E), Ps 81:17 (׳מִצּוּר ד); in woods, on ground 1Sam 14:25 (עלפֿני השׂדה) v1Sam 14:26 (׳הֵלֶךְ ד; but read rather הָלַךְ דְּבֹרוֺ its bees had departed, We Dr after ᵐ5) v1Sam 14:29 v1Sam 14:43 transported in jar or bottle ׳בַּקְבֻּק ד 1Kgs 14:3 contribution to priests and Levites 2Chr 31:5 || חֶמְאָה 2Sam 17:29; Isa 7:15; Isa 7:22 (in last two the being limited to such food is apparently token of destitution); kept in store Jer 41:8 a choice gift Gen 43:11 (J); article of trade Ezek 27:17 (in these two perhaps = grape syrup, modern dibs, compare Di Gen 43:11 see Rob^{BR ii. 81}); forbidden as burnt offering Lev 2:11 (|| שְׂאֹר); honey comb = ׳יַעְרַת הַדּ 1Sam 14:27 (compare יַעְרִי Song 5:1); also ׳צוּף ד Prov 16:24 (compare נֹפֶת צופים Ps 19:11); most often in phrase describing abundance in land of Canaan ׳אֶרֶץ זָבַת חָלָב וּד Exod 3:8; Exod 3:17; Exod 13:5; Exod 33:3 (all J E) Lev 20:24 (H) Num 13:27; Num 14:8; Num 16:18; Num 16:14 (all J E) Deut 6:3; Deut 11:9; Deut 26:9; Deut 26:15; Deut 27:3; Deut 31:20 (all D) Josh 5:6 (D) Jer 11:5; Jer 32:22; Ezek 20:6; Ezek 20:15 compare Deut 8:8; 2Kgs 18:32 (of land of captivity, words of the Rabshak); see also Ezek 16:13; Ezek 16:19; Job 20:17 וְחֶמְאָה ׳נַחֲלֵי ד; honey, used to illustrate moral teachings Prov 24:13 (|| נֹפֶת), Prov 25:16; Prov 25:27 (danger of surfeit); simile of sweetness of taste Ezek 3:3 (the roll), compare כְּצַפִּיחִת ׳בִּד Exod 16:31 (P; description of manna); of sweetness of the law Ps 19:11 (|| נֹפֶת צוּפִים) compare Ps 119:103 (of pleasant words Prov 16:24 compare above); sweetness of lips וְחָלָב ׳ד Song 4:11 figurative of love דִּבְשִׁי Song 5:1 (|| יַעְרִי, יֵינִי, חֲלָבִי).

honey

dĕbaš

honey (from its stickiness); by analogy, syrup

honey

וְ נֹ֣פֶת

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

נֹ֣פֶת

Root word honeycomb

Dictionary form: נֹפֶת · noh-PET

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and the honeycomb

and the honeycomb ×2 an honeycomb ×1 as an honeycomb ×1 as the honeycomb ×1

More options

honeycomb — Most natural modern equivalent; widely understood.

dripping honeycomb — Highlights the flowing, liquid-rich quality of nofet.

fresh honey — Emphasizes raw, unprocessed sweetness over the comb itself.

wild honey — Useful when a natural or unrefined source is implied.

honey from the comb — Explanatory phrasing; good for prose or study Bibles.

BDB5313 H5317

נֹ֫פֶת noun masculine^{Prov 24:13} flowing honey, honey from the comb (Phoenician נפת CIS^{i.166, 8b}); — ׳נ absolute Prov 5:3 + 3 t., construct Ps 19:11 — sweet Prov 24:13 (|| דְּבַשׁ), compare Prov 27:7 figurative of sweet words Prov 5:3, and perhaps Song 4:11 (Bu of kisses; || דְּבַשׁ, חָלָב); in full ׳נ צוּפִים Ps 19:11 honey of (the) combs (compare with ׳מִשְׁפְטֵי י; || דְּבַשׁ).

נֶפְתּוֺחַ see פתח.

נַפְּתּוּלִים, נַפְתָּלִי see פתל.

honeycomb

nōpet

a dripping i.e., of honey (from the comb)

flowing honey, honey from the comb, a dropping down, honey, honeycomb

צוּפִֽים

Root word honeycomb

Dictionary form: צוּף · tsoop

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

are as an honeycomb ×1

More options

honeycomb — Most natural and universally understood rendering.

honey-dripping comb — Emphasizes the flowing, dripping quality of fresh comb.

dripping honey — Captures the liquid richness when comb context is implied.

wax comb — Highlights the physical structure rather than the sweetness.

BDB6993 H6688

I. צוּף noun masculine (honey-)comb (as exuding honey); — only figurative: construct צוּףדְּֿבַשׁ Prov 16:24 plural נֹפֶת צוּפִים Ps 19:11 (+דְּבַשׁ), ᵐ5 κηρίον, κηρία, ᵑ9 favus.

honeycomb

ṣûp

comb of honey (from dripping)

honeycomb

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/VNrmpa

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2530

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncmsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2091

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/R/Ncmsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6337

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Aamsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7227

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Aampa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4966

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncmsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1706

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Ncmsc

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5317

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmpa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6688

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV