Psalms 34:20

שֹׁמֵ֥ר

Root word keep, kept, observe, heed, keepeth, …

Dictionary form: שָׁמַר · shaw-MAHR

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: he keepeth

keep ×28 kept ×24 and keep ×23 to keep ×23 take heed ×16 and to keep ×7 observe ×7 ye shall keep ×6

More options

keep — Most versatile rendering; suits commands and ongoing obligations.

observe — Best for law/covenant contexts: observe the sabbath.

guard — Physical or protective watching over something or someone.

watch over — Caring, attentive oversight; warm, pastoral register.

heed — Prefer when the nuance is careful attention or warning.

preserve — Suits divine protection contexts: God preserves his people.

BDB8848 H8104

I. שָׁמַר₄₆₅ verb keep, watch, preserve (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician שמר in proper name and (Punic) = watchman; Tel Amarna šimiru is perhaps overseer (Canaanism), Wkl^{No. 80, i. 23}; Mandean סמירא preserved Nö^{M 46}; compare Arabic converse by night, stay awake (see Lag^{BN 105}); Ba^{NB 175 f.; ES 43} infers from eyelid (compare [שְׁמֻרָה] below), and Arabic support, aid, protect (l = r), that two √ √ are combined in Hebrew; but proof insufficient); —

Qal₄₂₅ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Gen 37:11 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמֹר 1Sam 2:9 +, יִשְׁמָרֿ Jer 5:24 +, suffix 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמְרֶנּוּ Exod 21:29; Exod 21:36 3 feminine singular suffix תִּשְׁמוּרֵ֑ם Prov 14:3 (read תִּשְׁמְרוּם, see Ges^{«GKC:47g»§ 47g} Toy), etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁמֹר Job 2:6 +, שָׁמְרָה 1Chr 29:18 +; masculine plural שִׁמְרוּ Josh 6:18 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁמוֺר Deut 5:12 +; construct שְׁמֹר Gen 3:24 +, suffix שָׁמְרָהּ Gen 2:15, etc.; Participle active שֹׁמֵר 1Sam 1:12 +, etc.; passive שָׁמוּר Eccl 5:12 (1Sam 9:24 see below), etc.; — [Synon. I. נָצַר, נָטַר, q. v.]:

1. a. keep, have charge of, garden Gen 2:15 (J), ark 1Sam 7:1, property in trust Exod 22:6; Exod 22:9 (E), compare 1Sam 25:31 tend flock Gen 30:31 (E), compare Zech 3:7; Num 3:8 (P); so perhaps (object omitted) Hos 12:13 (where ׳שׁ chosen for parallelism Now Marti and others); Participle הֲשֹׁמֵר אָחִי אָנֹ֑כִי Gen 4:9 (J), ׳שׁ of sheep 1Sam 17:20, הַכֵּלִים ׳שׁ v1Sam 17:22, הַכְּגָדִים ׳שׁ 2Kgs 22:14; 2Chr 34:22, הַנָּשִׁים ׳שׁ Esth 2:3; Esth 2:8; Esth 2:15, compare vEsth 2:14, etc.
b. keep, guard, captives Josh 10:18 (J), 1Kgs 20:39, דֶּרֶךְ Gen 3:24 (J); keep watch and ward, אֶל person for whom 1Sam 26:15 (Ps 59:10 see 3 end), עַל person vPs 59:16; Prov 6:22 בַּנַּעַר 2Sam 18:12 have a care of (read לִי for מִי ᵐ5 and modern); in hostile sense, אֶל הָעִיר (in siege) 2Sam 11:16, חַטָאתִי עַל Job 14:16 (but read תַּעֲבֹר with ᵐ5 Ew Di Du and others [not Hi Bu]); absolute with מֵעַל Eccl 5:7 watcheth above, etc.; keep one's mouth, be prudent of speech Prov 21:33, compare Mic 7:5 keep = protect, save, one's life, נֶפֶשׁ Prov 13:3; Prov 16:17; Prov 19:16; Prov 22:5, another's Job 2:6 in Proverbs, accusative of person, subject wisdom, Job 4:6 she shall preserve thee, compare (+ מִן of evil) Job 6:24; Job 7:5 especially Participle watch, watchman, of city Isa 21:11 (twice in verse); Isa 21:12; Isa 62:5 (figurative), Song 3:3; Song 5:7 (twice in verse); Ps 127:1 הַמֶּלֶף ׳שׁ (in temple) Jer 35:4 + (see סַף), פֶּית הַמֶּלֶךְ ׳הַפּ 1Kgs 14:27 = 2Chr 12:10, הַשְּׁעָרִים ׳שׁ Neh 13:22, שֹׁמְרֵי הַבַּיִת (figurative) Eccl 12:3 ׳שׁ הַבַּיִתךֵסעוֺה ךֵהת פךֵךֵכ (of David's concubines) 2Sam 15:16; 2Sam 16:21; 2Sam 20:3 שֹׁמֵר הַכֵּלִים 1Sam 17:22, הַבְּגָדִים ׳שׁ 2Kgs 22:14, חַפַּרְדֵּס ׳שׁ Neh 2:8, הַנָּשִׁים ׳שׁ Esth 2:3; Esth 2:14; Esth 2:15, שֹׁמְרִים absolute Judg 7:19; Jer 51:12.
c. hence watch for, wait for, accusative of person 1Sam 19:11 (to kill him), compare Ps 59:1 (title; accusative הַבַּיִת); with יֲקֵכַי Ps 56:7 = dog my steps, Ps 71:10; Jer 20:10 = watch (suspiciously) Job 10:14; Job 13:27; Job 33:11 absolute הַשֹּׁעמרִים Judg 1:24 wait for, נֶשֶׁף Job 24:15, לַבֹּקֶר Ps 130:6 (twice in verse).
d. watch, observe, accusative of thing 1Sam 1:12; Eccl 11:4; Job 39:1; Jer 8:7 (of birds), with intelligence Isa 42:20; Ps 107:43 accusative of person Ps 37:37 (|| ראה), Zech 11:11 accusative of sin Ps 31:7; Ps 130:3 accusative of thing, for the purpose of avoiding, Ps 17:4.

2. a. keep, retain, of storing up (food) Gen 41:35 (E); absolute Eccl 3:6 (opposed to הִשְׁלִיךְ); treasure up (in memory) Gen 37:11 (E), compare Mal 2:7; 1Chr 29:18; Prov 4:21 (בְּתוֺךְ לְבָבֶ֑ךְ), Prov 22:18 (כְּבִטֱנ֑ךָ); retain wrath Amos 1:11 (read שָׁמֶר לָנֶצַח We Now GASm Marti; see also נָטַר 1) + (anger omitted) Jer 3:5 (|| נטר).
b. keep within bounds, restrain, object שׁוֺר Exod 21:29; Exod 21:36 (E); with accusative hand, מִן of evil Isa 56:2 figurative keep thy foot, with temporal clause Eccl 4:17 לְֿפִי מַחְסוֺם׳אֶשׁ Ps 39:2 (ᵐ5 Du and others אָשִׁימָה); apparently reflexive (= Niph`al), Josh 6:18 (+ מִןהַֿחֵרֶס), possibly sc. גַפְשְׁכֶם Di.

3. a. observe, celebrate, accusative of festival, etc., Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 34:18 (J), Exod 12:17 of day vExod 12:17 (P), of month Deut 16:1.
b. keep Sabbath Deut 5:12; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:30; Lev 26:2 (all H), Exod 31:13; Exod 31:14; Exod 31:16 (P), Isa 56:4, also (+ מֵחַלְּלוֺ) vIsa 56:2 vIsa 56:6.
c. of other obligations: keep convenant Ezek 17:14, especially convenant of ׳י Deut 29:8; 1Kgs 11:11 + 5 t., ׳שְׁבֻעַת י 1Kgs 2:43, perform vow Deut 23:24 keep commands Jer 35:18; Ezek 20:18 especially מִצָוֺת, תֻקִּים, יֲבֹדָה, etc., of ׳י (sometimes || נצר), Exod 20:6 = Deut 5:10; Amos 2:4; 1Kgs 2:3; Ps 119:8; Ps 119:17; Ps 119:34 + very often (c. 120 t.); ׳דֶּרֶח י ׳שׁ Gen 18:19 (J) + 4 t., ׳דַּרְכֵי י 2Sam 22:22 = Ps 18:22, ׳י ׳ד omitted Judg 2:22 b; אָרְחוֺת צַדַּיקִים ׳שׁ Prov 2:20 (|| תֵּלֵח תְּלֵח בְּדֶרֶח טוֺבֹים), ׳שׁ דְּרָכַי (ways of wisdom) Prov 8:32 (Ps 17:4 see 1 d); keep discharge an office, כְּהֻנָּה Num 3:10; Num 18:7 (both P), absolute 2Chr 5:11 a function or duty, especially מִשְׁמֶרֶת ׳שׁ Lev 8:35; Num 1:53 + approximately 32 t. (see ׳מ below); accusative of obligation often omitted, especially D (and R^D) keep and do Deut 4:6; Deut 7:12 + 8 t.; to do Deut 5:1; Deut 5:29 + 16 t. D + 3 t., etc.
d. observe = follow dictates of (prudence, justice, kindness, wisdom) Hos 12:7 (חֶסֶד וּמִשְׁפָּט), Isa 56:1; Prov 4:4; Prov 5:2; Prov 7:1; Prov 7:2 bad sense, observe vanities Ps 31:7. — Doubtful are: לִשְׁמֹר absolute Hos 4:10, very strange (conjectures in We Now Marti); שָׁמוּר 1Sam 9:24, HPS אֵחַרְנוּ, compare Now Bu^Comm.; Ps 59:10 read עֻוִּי אֵלֶיךָ אֲזַמֵּ֑רָה (as vPs 59:18, ᵑ6 Che Bae).

4. sometimes ׳י subject:
a. keep, preserve, protect, accusative of person, + ב of way, etc., Gen 28:15; Gen 28:20 (J), Exod 23:20 (E; of מַלְאָח), Ps 91:11 (׳מ), Josh 24:17 (E); accusative of person (or נפשׁ) only: 1Sam 30:23; Jer 31:9; Num 6:24 (P), Job 29:2; Ps 16:1 + 10 t. Psalms; + מִן Ps 121:7 + 2 t.; accusative רַהְּלַי 1Sam 2:9, compare Prov 3:26 (מִן); Participle שֹׁמְרֶ֑ךָ Ps 121:3; Ps 121:5, compare vPs 121:4, etc.; accusative of city Ps 127:1.
b. with accusative בְּרִית, ל person Deut 7:12, + חֶסֶד vDeut 7:7 + 5 t., אֱמֶת לְעוֺלָם ׳הַשּׁ Ps 146:6 הַשְּׁבֻעָה Deut 7:8, etc.; passive of covenant (׳י agent) עֲרוּכָה בַכֹּל וּשְׁמֻרָה 2Sam 23:5 (legal terminology, Dr).

5. keep, reserve, weeks of harvest Jer 5:24 (ל person). Niph`al₃₆ Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁמַד 2Sam 20:10, etc.; Imperfect 3 feminine singular תִּשָּׁמֵד Judg 13:13 2 masculine plural תִּשָּׁמַ֑רוּ Exod 23:13 Imperative masculine singular תִּשָּׁמֵד Isa 7:4 הִדָמשּׁ֫מֶר (לְךָׅ Gen 24:6 +; feminine singular הִשָּֽׁמְרִי Judg 13:4, etc.; —

1. be on one's guard, with בַּחֶרֶב 2Sam 20:10 by reason of the sword, i.e. against it; with ב temporal 1Sam 19:2, שָׁם 2Kgs 6:10 take heed Exod 23:13 (E) Deut 2:4 with מִן person Exod 23:21 (E), Jer 9:3 מִן of thing Judg 13:13; Deut 23:10 מִן infinitive take care not to, etc. Gen 31:29 (E), 2Kgs 6:9 infinitive without מִן Exod 19:12 (J), but read probably מֵעֲלוֺת; followed by פֶּן lest Gen 24:6 (J) + 11 t. (especially Deuteronomy); with (וְ)אַל jussive Exod 10:23 (J), Judg 13:4; Job 36:21, with Imperative coordinate Isa 7:4. — Very often Imperative (24 t.), especially in phrase הִשָּׁמֶרלְֿךָ (12 t.), הִשָּֽׁטְרוּ לָכֶם (3 t.); + לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם Deut 4:15; Josh 23:11 (R^D; + infinitive); + ׳בְּנַפ Jer 17:21 apparently ב pret. on peril of your life (compare ב III. 3 a), so perhaps also בְּרוּחֲכֶם Mal 2:15; Mal 2:16 (We Now).

2. keep oneself, refrain, abstain, מֵאִשָּׁה 1Sam 21:5.

3. be kept, guarded, Hos 12:14 (compare ׳שׁ of Jacob v.Hos 12:13); be preserved (by ׳י) Ps 37:28 (לִיוֺלָם), but read probably עַוָּלִים (לְעוֺלָם) נִשְׁמָ֑דוּ Hup-Ri (Now) Che Bae Du Dr. Pi`el Participle plural מְשַׁמְּרִים הַבְלֵישָֿׁוְא Jonah 2:9 those paying regard to false vanities (compare Qal Ps 31:7). Hithpa`el Imperfect 1 singular וָאֶשְׁתַּסֵּר מֵעֲוֺנַי Ps 18:24 I kept myself from, etc. = 2Sam 22:24 (verb cohortative); 3 masculine singular וְיִשְׁתַּמֵּר חֻקּוֺת עָמְרִי Mic 6:16, but read וְתִשְׁמֹר thou keepest, observest, We Now GASm.

keep, kept, observe, heed, keepeth, …

šāmar

properly, to hedge about (as with thorns), i.e., guard; generally, to protect, attend to, etc

to keep, guard, observe, give heed

(Qal)

to keep, have charge of

watch, watchman (participle)

to be on one's guard, take heed, take care, beware

כָּל

Root word all, every, any, whole, one, …

Dictionary form: כֹּל · kole

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: all

all ×1727 and all ×796 of all ×249 every ×158 in all ×133 according to all ×89 with all ×73 and every ×69

More options

all — Most versatile; fits nearly every syntactic context.

every — Prefer when distributing over individual items.

whole — Emphasizes totality or completeness of a single entity.

any — Best in negative, conditional, or open-ended clauses.

each — Highlights individuality within a set; more precise than 'every'.

entirely — Adverbial use; stresses completeness of an action.

BDB4037 H3605

כֹּל once כּוֺל (Jer 33:8 Kt.), noun masculine the whole, all (Moabite, Phoenician, id.; Aramaic כּוֺל, ; Arabic ; Sabean כל, compare DHM^{Epigr. Denk. 36-38}; Ethiopic Assyrian kullatu) — absolute כֹּל, construct כֹּל Gen 2:5; Gen 2:16; Gen 2:20 + often, once כֹּלֿ Ps 138:2 (see Ba), but more usually כָּלֿ (with makk.: without it, Ps 35:10; Prov 19:7 Kö^{i. 84, 95}); suffix 2 masculine singular in p. כֻּלָּךְ Mic 2:12 2 feminine singular כֻּלֵּךְ Isa 14:29; Isa 14:31, כֻּלָּךְ Isa 22:1; Song 4:7 (perhaps for assonance with accompanying לָךְ, בָּךְ); 3 masculine singular כֻּלֹּה 2Sam 2:9 (see Dr) + 17 t. (never in Pentateuch), כֻּלּוֺ Gen 25:25 + 16 t.; 3 feminine singular כֻּלָּהּ Gen 13:10 + 15 t., כֻּלָּא Ezek 36:5 כֻּלָּנּו (16 t.); כֻּלְּכֶם (18 t.); כֻּלָּם (often), כּוּלָּם Jer 31:34, כֻּלָּ֑הַם 2Sam 23:6 (and probably Jer 15:10 כֻּלְּהֶם); 3 feminine plural כֻּלָּ֫נָה Gen 42:36; Prov 31:29 כֻּלָּֽהְנָה׃ 1Kgs 7:37: — the whole,

1. with following genitive (as usually) the whole of, to be rendered, however, often in our idiom, to avoid stiffness, all or every:
a. Gen 2:2 כָּלצְֿבָאָם the whole of their host, vGen 2:13 כָּלאֶֿרֶץ כּוּשׁ the whole of the land of Kush; כָּלהַֿלַּיְלָה the whole of the night; כָּליִֿשְׂרָאֵל the whole of Israel = all Israel; Deut 4:29 בְּכָללְֿבָֽבְךָ with the whole of thy heart = with all thy heart; + very often With a plural noun, usually determined by the article or a genitive: Gen 5:5 כליֿמי אדם the whole of (= all) the days of Adam, Gen 37:35 כלבֿניו the whole of (= all) his sons, Isa 2:2 כלהֿגוים all the nations; Gen 43:9 + often כל הימים = continually. In poetry, however, the noun may remain undetermined, כָּליָֿדַיִם the whole of hands = every hand, Isa 13:7; Jer 48:37; Ezek 21:12 כלפֿנים i.e. every face Isa 25:8; Joel 2:6 כל שׁלחנות Isa 28:8 כל חוצות Isa 51:20; Lam 2:19 and elsewhere Before an infinitive Gen 30:41; Deut 4:7; 1Kgs 8:52; 1Chr 23:31. frequently with suffixes, as (כֻּלֹּה) כֻּלּוֺ the whole of him Gen 25:25; Job 21:23; Song 5:16, the whole of it Lev 13:13; Jer 2:21; Nah 2:1; Prov 24:31 כֻּלָּהּ the whole of it Gen 13:10; Exod 19:18; Exod 25:36; Amos 8:8 כֻּלָּךְ all of thee Song 4:7 + (see at the beginning); כֻּלָּנוּ the whole of us Gen 42:11; Deut 5:3; Isa 53:6 (twice in verse); כֻּלְּכֶם Deut 1:22; Deut 4:4; 1Sam 22:7 (twice in verse); כֻּלָּם Gen 11:6; Gen 43:34; Josh 8:24 ויפלו כֻּלָּם, Judg 11:6 בְּיַד כֻּלָּם, Isa 7:19; Isa 31:3 + often — Twice, strangely, with hyperb. intensive force, Ps 39:6 כָּלהֶֿבֶל the whole of vanity are all men (? omit כל, as vPs 39:12), Ps 45:14 כָּלכְּֿבוּדָּה the whole of gloriousness is the king's daughter.
b. followed often by a singular, to be understood collectively, whether with or without the article: Gen 1:21 את כל נפשׁ החיה the whole of living souls = every living soul, Gen 2:9 כל עץ נחמד למראה the whole of trees (every kind of tree) pleasant to view, Gen 6:12 + כָּלבָּֿשָׂר, Gen 7:14 כל צפור כל כנף all birds of every kind of wing (so Ezek 17:23), vEzek 17:21 כל האדם the whole of mankind (so Num 12:3; Num 16:29; Judg 16:17 and elsewhere); in poetry כלאֿדם Ps 39:6; Ps 64:10 +; 1Sam 14:52 כל אישׁ גבור וכלבֿןחֿיל, 1Sam 17:19; 1Sam 17:24 כל אישׁ ישׂראל, 1Sam 22:2; Isa 9:16 כל פה the whole of mouths = every mouth, Isa 15:2; Isa 24:10 כָּלבַּֿיִת + often (in Isa 2:12-16 the singular and plural interchange); Ps 7:12 + בכליֿום, Ps 10:5 + בכלעֿת = at all seasons. So כלהֿעץ Gen 1:29, כלהֿבן Exod 1:22 = all the sons, כלהֿמקום Exod 20:24; Deut 11:24 = all the places, כלהֿמרכב Lev 15:9, vLev 15:26; Deut 4:3 כלהֿאישׁ אשׁר = all the men who. . ., Deut 15:19 כלהֿבכור, Jer 4:29 כלהֿעיר עזובה all the cities (notice the following בָּהֶן); כלהֿיום = all the days (see יוֺם 7 f), etc. In late Hebrew extended to such phrases as בְּכָלדּֿוֺר וָדוֺר Ps 45:18; Ps 145:13; Esth 9:28 בכלעֿיר ועיר 2Chr 11:12; 2Chr 28:25; 2Chr 31:19; Esth 8:11; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:28; 2Chr 32:28; Esth 2:11; Esth 3:14; Esth 4:3; Esth 8:13; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27; Esth 9:28 (3 t. in verse) (compare וְ 1 i b).
c. the genitive after כל is often a relative sentence, introduced by אשׁר: Gen 1:31 את כל אשׁר עשׂה the whole of what he had made, Gen 7:22; Gen 13:1 + very often Sts., with a preposition, כל אשׁר has the force of wheresover, whithersoever, as Josh 1:7 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר תֵּלֵךְ wheresoever thou goest, vJosh 1:16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר whithersoever (see אֲשֶׁר 4 b γ). Very rarely in such cases is there ellipse of the rel., as Gen 39:4 וְכָליֶֿשׁלֿוֺ נָתַן בְּיָדִי (contrast vGen 39:5 vGen 39:8), Exod 9:4 מכללֿבני ישׂראל, Isa 38:16 וּלְכָּלבָּֿהֶן חַיֵּי רוּחִי, Ps 71:18 לְכָליָֿבוֺא (Ps 74:3, see 2 a), 2Chr 32:31 peculiarly also in Chronicles (Dr^{Intr 505}), 1Chr 29:3 מִכָּלהֲֿכִינוֺתִי, 2Chr 30:18f.; Ezra 1:6 compare with כֹּל (2 a) 1Chr 29:11 a 2Chr 30:17; Ezra 1:5.
d. with a suffix two idiomatic uses of כל have to be noticed:
(a) כל is often made more independent and emphatic by being placed with a suffix after the word which it qualifies, to which it then stands in apposition (compare in Syriac, Arabic, Ethiopic), as 2Sam 2:9 יִשְׂרָאֵל כֻּלּהֹ, Jer 13:19; Jer 48:31; Isa 9:8; Isa 14:29; Isa 14:31 פלשׁת כלך Philistia, all of thee ! Mic 2:12; Hab 2:6; Job 34:13; Ps 67:4; Ps 67:6 especially in Ezekiel, as Ezek 14:5; Ezek 29:2 מצרים כֻּלָּהּ Ezek 32:12; Ezek 32:30 with change of person (compare the idiom in Isa 22:16; Isa 48:1; Isa 54:1 etc.), 1Kgs 22:28 = Mic 1:2 שׁמעו עמים כלם Hear, nations, all of them ! Mal 3:9 הַגּוֺי כֻּלּוֺ. So even with כל preceding: Num 16:3 כָּלהָֿעֵדָה כֻּלָּם, Isa 14:18; Jer 30:16; Ezek 11:15 כל בית ישׂראל כֻּלֹּה the whole of the house of Israel, the whole of it (so Ezek 20:40; Ezek 36:10), Ezek 35:15; Ezek 36:5; Ps 8:8 (compare Sabean DHM^l.c.);
(b) with the suffix of 3 masculine singular, understood as referring to the mass of things or persons meant, כֻּלֹּה or כֻּלּוֺ, literally the whole of it, is equivalent to all of them, every one, Exod 14:7 and captains עַלכֻּֿלּוֺ upon the whole of it (the רֶכֶב collectively) = all of them, Isa 1:23 the whole of it (the people) loveth bribes, Isa 9:16; Isa 15:3; Jer 6:13 (twice in verse); Jer 8:6; Jer 8:10 (twice in verse); Jer 20:7; Hab 1:9; Hab 1:15; Ps 29:9 and in his temple כֻּלּוֺ אֹמֵר כָּבוֺד the whole of it (= every one there) says, Glory ! Ps 53:4 (|| Ps 14:3 הַכֹּל); perhaps Isa 16:7; Jer 48:38 + Prov 19:6 Ew Hi (וְכֻלּהֹ רֵעַ): Jer 15:10 read כֻּלְּהֶם קִלֲלוּנִי.
e. Hebrew idiom in certain cases affirms, or denies, of an entire class, where English idiom affirms, or denies, of an individual of the class; thus in a comparative or hypothetical sentence כל is = any, and with a negative = none:
(a) Gen 3:1 the serpent was more subtil מכל חית השׂדה than all beasts of the field (in our idiom: than any beast of the field), Deut 7:7; 1Sam 9:2
(b) Lev 4:2 a soul when it sins through ignorance מכל מצות יי֞ in all the commandments of Jehovah (= in any of the commandments, etc.), Lev 19:23 when ye . . . plant כלעֿץ מאכל = any tree for food, Num 35:22 or if he have cast upon him כָּלכְּֿלִי = any weapon, 1Kgs 8:37 b; joined with a participle in a hypothetical sense (Dr^{§ 121 n.} Ges^{«GKC:116»§ 116}. 5 R. 5), Gen 4:14 כל מצאי all my finders (= if any one find me), he will slay me, vGen 4:15 a Num 21:8 כָּלהַֿנָּשׁוּךְ = whosoever (= if any one) is bitten, 1Sam 2:13
(c) with a negative, Gen 2:5 all plants of the field טֶרֶם יִהְיֶה were not as yet = no plant of the field as yet was, Gen 4:15 b לבלתי הכותאֿתו כלמֿצאו for the not-smiting him of all finding him = that none finding him should smite him, Exod 10:15 ולאנֿותר כל ירק = and no green things were left, Exod 12:16 כלמֿלאכה לא יעשׂה all work shall not be done = no work shall be done, Deut 28:14; Judg 13:4 אַלתּֿאֹכְלִי כָּלטָֿמֵא eat not of all that is unclean, Judg 19:19 אֵין מַחְסוֺר כָּלדָּֿבָר there is no lack of all things i.e. of any thing, Ps 143:2 כי לאיֿצדק לפניך כלחֿי, + very often (so οὐ πᾶς, as a Hebraism, in the N.T., e.g. Mark 13:20 οὐκ ἂν ἐσώθη πᾶσα σάρξ, Luke 1:37 οὐκ ἀδυνατήσει . . . πᾶν ρἧμα, as Jer 32:17 לֹאיִֿפָּלֵא מִמְּךָ כָּלדָּֿבָר, Gal 2:16 οὐ δικαιωθήσεται . . . πᾶσα σάρξ, etc.) Usually, in such cases, כל (or its genitive) is without the article, being left purposely indefinite: in Ps 49:18 (2 b a) הַכֹּל is emphatic (in Num 23:13 וְכֻלּוֺ לֹא תִרְאֶה the context shews that כֹּל is opposed to a part). feminine very anomalously, severed from its genitive, 2Sam 1:9 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נַפְשִׁי בִי, Job 27:3 כִּיכָֿלעֿוֺד נִשְׁמָתִי בִי, Hos 14:3 (si vera lectio) כָּלתִּֿשָּׂא עָוֺן. On Eccl 5:15 ׳כָּלעֻֿמַּתשֶֿׂ see עֻמָּה.

Note. — When the genitive after כל is a noun feminine or plural, the predicate usually agrees with this (as being the really important idea), e.g. Gen 5:5 ויהיו כל ימי אדם, Num 14:1 וַתִּשָּׂא כָלהָֿעֵדָה, Nah 3:1; Ps 150:6 כָֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל exceptions being very rare, Isa 64:10b Prov 16:2 (Ges^{«GKC:141»§ 141}. 1 R. 2).

2. Absolutely:
a. without the article, all things, all (mostly neuter, but sometimes masculine), the sense in which 'all' is to be taken being gathered from the context, Gen 9:3 נתתי לכם את כֹּל, Gen 16:12 וְיַד כֹּל בּוֺ, Gen 20:16 ואת כֹּל ונוכחת, Gen 33:11 וכי ישׁ לי כֹל, Num 8:16 בכור כֹּל מבני ישׂראל, Num 11:6 אֵין כֹּל nought of all things ! = there is nothing (so 2Sam 12:3; Prov 13:7, compare 2Kgs 4:2), 2Kgs 13:2 כֹּ֖ל נשׂיא בהם (compare 2Sam 23:28; 1Chr 3:9: usually so הַכֹּל), Deut 28:47 מֵרֹב כֹּל, vDeut 28:48 vDeut 28:37 בְּחֹסֶר כֹּל (compare Jer 44:18), Isa 30:5 כֹּל הֹבִאישׁ all exhibit shame, Isa 44:24 עשֶֹׁהכֹּֿל ׳י, Jer 44:12 וְתַמּוּ כֹל (unusual), Zeph 1:2; Ps 8:7; Ps 74:3 (read כֹּל הֵרַע), Ps 145:15 עיני כֹל, Prov 16:4; Prov 26:10; Prov 28:5; Job 13:1 הן כֹּל ראתה עיני, Job 42:2; 1Chr 29:11b 2Chr 32:22 (masculine), Dan 11:37 (see also 1 c end); מִכֹּל Gen 6:19; Gen 6:20b שְׁנַיִם מִכֹּל, Gen 14:20; Gen 27:33; Jer 17:9 עקוב הלב מִכֹּל, Dan 11:2 (masculine) After a negative = anything, Deut 4:25 תְּמוּנַת כֹּל the likeness of anything, Deut 8:9; Deut 28:55; Prov 30:30. In the genitive also, very rarely, to express the idea of all as comprehensively as possible: Ezek 44:30 כָּלבִּֿכּוּרֵי כֹל וְכָלתְּֿרוּמַת כֹּל; Ps 119:128 (si vera lectio) כָּלפִּֿקּוּדֵי כֹל all the statutes about everthing.
b. with art. הַכֹּל:
(a) where the sense is limited by the context to things (or persons) just mentioned, Exod 29:24 ושׂמת הַכֹּל ביד אהרן, Lev 1:9 והקטיר הכהן את הַכֹּל, vLev 1:13; Lev 8:27; Deut 2:36 לפנינו ׳את הַכֹּל נתן י, Josh 11:19 (compare 2Sam 19:31; 1Kgs 14:26 = 2Chr 12:9), 2Chr 21:43 הַכֹּל בָּא (compare 2Chr 23:14), 1Sam 30:19 הַכֹּל השׁיב דוד, 2Sam 17:3 (corrupt: see ᵐ5 Dr), 2Sam 24:23 (1Chr 21:23), 1Kgs 6:18 הַכֹּל ארז (compare 1Kgs 7:33; 2Kgs 25:17 = Jer 52:22), 2Kgs 24:16 הַכֹּל גבורים, Isa 65:8 לבלתי השׁחית הַכֹּל, Ps 14:3 or implied, Gen 16:12 יָדוֺ בַכֹּל, Gen 24:1 ברך את אברהם בַּכֹּל 2Sam 23:5 (poetry) עֲרֻכָה בַכֹּל, Isa 29:11 (peculiarly) חָזוּת הַכֹּל the vision of the whole, Jer 13:7; Jer 13:10 לא יצלח לַכֹּל, Ezek 7:14 וְהָכִין הַכֹּל (but Co וְהָכִינוּ הָכֵן), Ps 49:18 לא במותו יקח הַכֹּל: more frequently later, namely 1Chr 7:5 (as regards all), 1Chr 28:19; 1Chr 29:19; 2Chr 28:6; 2Chr 29:28; 2Chr 31:5; 2Chr 35:7; 2Chr 36:17; 2Chr 36:18; Ezra 1:11; Ezra 2:42; Ezra 8:34; Ezra 8:35; Ezra 10:17 (וַיְכַלּוּ בַכֹּל: see BeRy), Eccl 5:8 (בַּכֹּל, apparently = in all respects), Eccl 10:19; Eccl 12:13.
(b) in a wider sense, all, whether of all mankind or of all living things, the universe (τὸ πᾶν), or of all the circumstances of life (chiefly late), Jer 10:16 = Jer 51:19 כי יוצר הַכֹּל הוא, Ps 103:19 (compare 1Chr 29:12), 1Chr 119:21 הַכֹּל עֲבָדֶיךָ, 1Chr 145:9 לַכֹּל ׳טוֺב י, 1Chr 29:12; 1Chr 29:14; 1Chr 29:16; Dan 11:2, and especially in Ecclesiastes, as Eccl 1:2; Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 3:19; Eccl 12:8 הַכֹּל הֶבֶל, Eccl 2:16 הכל נשׁכח, Eccl 3:1 לַכֹּל זְמָן, vEccl 3:11 vEccl 3:19 vEccl 3:20; Eccl 6:6; Eccl 7:15; Eccl 9:1; Eccl 9:2 (twice in verse); Eccl 9:3; Eccl 10:3; Eccl 10:19; Eccl 11:5. כַּכֹּל, Job 24:24 (si vera lectio) כַּכֹּל יִקָָּֽפְצוּן like all men (i.e. like men in general).

BDB9612 H3605 H3606 H6903

כֹּל, כָּלֿ: noun masculine the whole, all (Biblical Hebrew כֹּל); — emphatic כֹּלָּא Dan 2:40 +, construct כֹּל Dan 2:12; Dan 3:2 +, כָּלֿ Dan 2:8 +, suffix 3 masculine plural כָּלְּהוֺן (so Palmyrene Lzb²⁹⁶ Cooke^{No. 117}, Tariff ii.c.19 ii b. 18) Dan 2:38; Dan 7:19 (Qr feminine כָּכְּהֵּן); —

1. כֹּל חַכִּימֵי בָבֶכ the whole of ( = all) the wise men of B. Dan 3:2; Dan 3:3; Dan 3:5, etc.; Dan 6:2 כלמֿלכותא the whole ofthe kingdom, v.Dan 6:4 with suffix the whole of them, Dan 2:38; Dan 7:19.

2. with a singular noun, understood collectively, every, any, or with a negative none (Biblical Hebrew 1 b):Dan 3:29 דִּי כָלעַֿם אֻמָּה וְלִשָּׁן that every people, nation, and language, etc., Dan 6:8 מִןכָּֿלאֱֿלָה of any god, Ezra 6:12 כָּלמֶֿלֶח וְעַם; כל אנשׁ די every man who = whoever, Dan 3:10; Dan 5:7; Dan 6:13; Ezra 6:11; Dan 2:10 שׁאל כל מלך ֗֗֗ לא no king hath asked . . ., vDan 2:35; Dan 4:6; Dan 6:5; Dan 6:24 so כָּלדִּֿי (= Hebrew כָּלאְִֿשֶׁר) whoever Dan 6:8; Ezra 7:26, whatever vEzra 7:23, בְּכָלדִּֿי wherever Dan 2:38(compare אְִשֶׁר 4 b γ).

3. emphatic כֹּלָּא, used absolutely, as Hebrew הַכֹּל (Biblical Hebrew 2 b): Dan 2:40 חָשֵׁל כֹּלָּא crushing all things, Dan 4:9; Dan 4:18 וּמָזוֺן לְכֹלָּאבֵֿהּ and food for all was in it, v.Dan 4:25 כֹּלָּא מְטָא all came upon N. (compare חַכֹּל בָּא Josh 21:43), Ezra 5:7 שְׁלָמָא כֹלָּא all peace (K^{§ 83 d};) compare in Hebrew כֻּלּוּ etc., after their noun : Biblical Hebrew 1 d a). — For כָּלקְָֿבֵל see קְָבֵל.

all, every, any, whole, one, …

kōl

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

all, the whole

all, the whole of

עַצְמוֹתָ֑י ו

עַצְמוֹתָ֑י

Root word bones, bone, selfsame, same, body, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: עֶצֶם · eh-TSEM

Noun — Common, feminine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: his bones

the bones ×15 my bones ×14 and the bones ×8 bones ×8 their bones ×7 his bones ×5 same ×5 bone ×3

More options

bone — Core anatomical meaning; default choice in most contexts.

body — Use when referring to the whole physical self or corpse.

very (same) — Idiomatic emphatic sense, e.g. 'that very day'.

essence — Captures the 'core/self' nuance in poetic or abstract passages.

self — Useful for identity or reflexive emphasis in narrative prose.

strength — Metaphorical register; prefer in poetic imagery of vitality.

BDB6294 H6106

I. עֶ֫צֶם₁₂₅ noun feminine^{Ps 35:10} (with pronoun masculine Ezek 37:5; Ezek 37:6 etc., compare Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896). 73}) bone, substance, self; — absolute ׳י Gen 2:23 +; עָ֑צֶם; Prov 15:30; Prov 16:24 construct עֶצֶם Exod 24:10 +; suffix עַצְמִי Job 19:20 +, etc.; plural עֲצָמוֺת 2Kgs 23:16 +; construct עַצְמוֺת Josh 24:22 +; suffix עַצְמֹתַי Job 4:14 +, etc.; also עֲצָמִים Ezek 24:4 +, suffix עֲצָמַי Gen 2:23 +, etc.; —

1. bone:
a. of living person Mic 3:2; Mic 3:3 (hyperbole), Job 10:11; Job 19:20; Lam 4:8; Ps 102:6; Eccl 11:5 +; figurative of close relationship עֶצָם מֵעֲצָמַי Gen 2:23, compare Gen 29:14 (both J), Judg 9:2; 2Sam 5:1 = 1Chr 11:1; 2Sam 19:13; 2Sam 19:14 (all + בָּשָׂר).
b. ׳ע + בָּשָׂר = body, Job 2:5, plural = bodily frame Jer 20:9 (simile), limbs, members, לַעֲצָמֶיהָ Judg 9:29 i.e. limb by limb (GFM); as seat of vigour Job 20:11, etc.
c. (poetry) as seat of disease and pain Job 30:17; Job 30:30 and (especially of personified Israel) Ps 22:15; Ps 31:11; Ps 102:4; Lam 1:13; Hab 3:16 +.
d. plural as representing entire person = one's whole being, (especially of personified Israel) Ps 6:3 (|| נֶפֶשׁ vPs 6:4), Ps 35:10 (|| נֶפֶשׁ vPs 35:9), Isa 66:14 of individual (including physical and moral) Prov 3:8; Prov 14:30; Prov 15:30; Prov 16:24.
e. singular = external body Lam 4:7 Ew Th and others, but dubious; Bi Bu bones (= branches) of coral (פְּנִינִים); Löhr עוֺרָם their skin. feminine especially of dead Num 19:16; Num 19:18 (P), Ezek 37:1 +; often (plural) = remains Amos 6:10; Gen 50:25; Exod 13:19 (twice in verse); Josh 24:32 (all E) +.

2. bone of animal Exod 12:46; Num 9:12 (both P); Ezek 24:4; Ezek 24:5 (symbolic); of (living) hippopotamus Job 40:18.

3. singular substance, self (compare גֶּרֶם 3): הַשָּׁמַיִם ׳כְּע Exod 24:10 (JE), like the substance of the sky = the sky itself; תֻּמּוֺ ׳בְּע Job 21:23 i.e. full prosperity; especially ׳אֶתעֿ הַיּוֺם הַזֶּה Ezek 24:2 this selfsame day, ׳וגו ׳בְּע Ezek 24:2; Ezek 40:1; Gen 7:13; Gen 17:23; Gen 17:26; Exod 12:17; Exod 12:41; Exod 12:51; Lev 23:21; Lev 23:28; Lev 23:29; Lev 23:30; Deut 32:48; Josh 5:11 (all P), ׳וגו ׳עַדעֿ Ezek 2:3; Lev 23:14 (P), Josh 10:27 (R). — Ezek 24:5a read הָעֵצִים (Bö Ew and others); vEzek 24:10 strike out הָעֲצָמוֺת (Co Toy); Job 7:15 read מֵעַצְּבוֺתָ֑י (Reiske Me Bu Du and others); Ps 53:6 read perhaps מֵעֲצַת (compare || Ps 14:6 Bae; see Hup Che and others); Ps 69:5 read מֵעַצְמוֺתַי (for ᵑ0 מַצְמִיתַי), ᵑ6 Ol Che Bae and others

bones, bone, selfsame, same, body, …

ʿeṣem

a bone (as strong); by extension, the body; figuratively, the substance, i.e., (as pron.) selfsame

bone, essence, substance

bone

body, limbs, members, external body

אַחַ֥ת

Root word one, first, another, other, any, …

Dictionary form: אֶחָד · eh-HAWD

Adjective — Cardinal Number, feminine singular, absolute state a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: one

one ×324 and one ×64 a ×34 of one ×33 in one ×27 the one ×24 and the other ×21 of the one ×21

More options

one — Core cardinal number; the default choice in most contexts.

a — Indefinite article sense; use when אֶחָד functions as 'a/an'.

a single — Emphasizes unity or uniqueness; good for contrast or stress.

each — Distributive sense; use when individuality within a group is meant.

together — Collective or unified sense; suits phrases like 'as one body'.

once — Temporal sense; use when referring to a single occurrence or time.

BDB281 H259

אֶחָד₉₆₂ adjective number one (Phoenician אחד, Sabean id., compare DHM^{ZMG 1876, 707}, Arabic , Ethiopic Aramaic חַד, ; on Assyrian edu, a—adu, compare Dl^{W No. 139}) — absolute׳א Gen 1:5 + construct אַחַ֫ד Gen 21:15 +; so even before preposition 1Sam 9:3 and elsewhere see Dr; feminine absolute אַחַ֫ת Gen 2:21 +; אֶחָ֑ת Gen 11:1 +; construct אַחַ֫ת Deut 13:13 +; plural masculine אֲחָדִים Gen 11:1 + 4:t.; חַד Ezek 33:30 strike out Co compare ᵐ5; —

1. one Gen 1:9; Gen 27:38; Gen 27:45; Exod 12:49; Josh 23:10; 1Sam 1:24; 2Sam 12:3 +, Zech 14:9; Mal 2:10; Job 31:15 +, so also (emphatic) 2Sam 17:3 for ᵑ0 אֲשֶׁר ᵐ5 We Dr; one or two לֹא לְיוֺם אֶחָד וְלֹא לִשְׁנַיִם Ezra 10:13 as substantive followed by מִן Gen 2:21; Lev 4:2; Lev 4:13; Isa 34:16 +; ׳הָא Gen 19:9; Gen 42:13; Gen 42:32; 2Kgs 6:3; 2Kgs 6:5 +; one and the same Gen 40:5; Job 31:15 plural דְּבָרִים אֲחָדִים Gen 11:1 compare Ezek 37:17 (absolute), but see Co; = few, a few ׳יָמִים א Gen 27:44; Gen 29:20; Dan 11:20 כְּאִישׁ אֶחָד as one man, together Judg 20:8; 1Sam 11:7 also כְּאֶחָד late = Aramaic כַּחֲדָא Ezra 2:64 (= Neh 7:66) Ezra 3:9; Ezra 6:20; Eccl 11:6 see especially Isa 65:25 (|| earlier יַחְדֶּו Isa 11:6; Isa 11:7).

2. = each, every Exod 36:30; Num 7:3; Num 7:85; Num 28:21; 1Kgs 4:7; 2Kgs 15:20 +; also repeated, distributive sense Num 7:11; Num 13:2; Num 17:21; Josh 3:12; Josh 4:2; Josh 4:4.

3. = a certain 1Sam 1:1; 2Sam 18:10; 2Kgs 4:1; Esth 3:8 + compare 2Sam 17:9 see Dr 1Sam 1:1 hence

4. = indefinite article 1Sam 6:7; 1Sam 24:15; 1Sam 26:20 (but strike out ᵐ5 We Dr) 1Kgs 19:4; 1Kgs 19:5 +.

5. only 1Kgs 4:19 & (feminine) once 2Kgs 6:10; Ps 62:12; Ps 89:36 (once for all); אַחַת לְשָׁלוֺשׁ שָׁנִים 2Chr 9:21, בַּשָּׁנָה ׳א Lev 16:34 compare Job 40:5, פַּעַם אֶחָ֑ת Josh 6:3; Josh 6:11 compare vJosh 6:14, בְּאַחַת Num 10:4; Job 33:14 at once בְּאֶחָ֑ת Prov 28:18 compare וְאִנָּקְמֶה נְקַםאַֿחַת Judg 16:28.

**Num 10:4 בְּאַחַת is rather 'in one (of the trumpets)'; Job 33:14 it = in one way; Prov 28:18 read probably with ᵑ6 Lag Dy Bi בַּשָּׁ֑חַת; Judg 16:28 is rather 'vengeance for one of my two eyes' (see GFM). Jer 10:8 בְּאַחַת probably = in one, altogether. אחד.

6. one . . . another, the one . . . the other ׳֗֗֗ א ׳א Exod 17:12; Exod 18:3; Exod 18:4; Amos 4:7; 2Sam 12:1; Jer 24:2; 2Chr 3:17; Neh 4:11 +; 2Sam 14:6 read הָאֶחָד אֶתאָֿחִיו for האחד אתהֿאחד ᵐ5 We Dr; one after another, one by one, לְאַחַד אֶחָד Isa 27:12 compare Eccl 7:27.

7. as ordinal, first (mostly P & late) Gen 1:5 (P) Gen 2:11 (J) Exod 39:10 (P); absolute Job 42:14, Ezek 10:14 especially of first day of month Exod 40:2 (P) Ezra 3:6; Ezra 10:16; Ezra 10:17; Neh 8:2; Hag 1:1 first year, שְׁנַת אַחַת 2Chr 36:22; Ezra 1:1; Dan 1:21; Dan 9:1; Dan 9:2; Dan 11:1 compare first (day, יוֺם omitted) Gen 8:5; Gen 8:13 בְּאֶחָד לַחֹדֶשׁ; so Exod 40:17; Lev 23:24; Num 1:18; Num 29:1; Num 33:38 (all P) Deut 1:3; 2Chr 29:17; Ezra 7:9 (twice in verse); Ezek 26:1; Ezek 29:17; Ezek 31:1; Ezek 32:1; Ezek 45:18.

8. in combin.,
a. אַחַד עָשָׂר eleven (compare עָשָׂר, עַשְׁתֵּי) Gen 32:23; Gen 37:9 (JE) Deut 1:2 so אַחַתעֶֿשְׂרֵה Josh 15:51 (P) 2Kgs 23:36; 2Kgs 24:18; 2Chr 36:5; 2Chr 36:11; Jer 52:1 (precedes noun, except Josh 15:51 as ordinal, eleventh אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה Ezek 30:20; Ezek 31:1 compare 1Kgs 6:38; 2Kgs 9:29
b. with other numerals, as cardinal אֶחָד וְאַרְבָּעִים אֶלֶף וַחֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֺת Num 1:41 compare Num 2:16; Num 2:28; Num 31:34; Num 31:39 (all P; ׳א precedes other numeral); but אַרְבָּיִם וְאַחַת שָׁנָה (׳א following) 1Kgs 14:21; 1Kgs 15:10; 2Kgs 14:23; 2Chr 12:13 compare 2Kgs 22:1 = 2Chr 34:1; 2Kgs 24:18 = Jer 52:1 = 2Chr 36:11; Josh 12:24 (D) Isa 30:17; Ezra 2:26 = Neh 7:30 compare vNeh 7:37; Dan 10:13 as ordinal בְּאַחַת וְשֵׁשׁ מֵאוֺת שָׁנָה Gen 8:13 (P) Exod 12:18 (P), 1Chr 24:17; 1Chr 25:28; 2Chr 16:13 (׳א preceding); but 1Kgs 16:23; Hag 2:1 (׳א following).

BDB9284 H259

אחד (√ of following; see Biblical Hebrew אֶחָד.

BDB9285 H259

חַד adjective one, a; — masculine singular ׳ח Dan 2:31+; feminine singular חֲדָה Ezra 4:8 +; —

1. one side Dan 7:5 noun omitted Dan 6:3 חֲדָה Dan 2:9 = one and invariable (inevitable); כַּחֲדָה vDan 2:35 as one, altogether (so S-C^{K 3} ᵑ7, and late Biblical Hebrew כְּאֶחָד Ezra 2:64 +); = ordinal, שְׁנַת חֲדָה first year Ezra 7:1; Ezra 5:13; Ezra 6:3 ׳ח = a certain one (τινὰ) Dan 7:16 (with מִן partitive).

2. a (indefinite article) with substantive Dan 2:31; Dan 6:18; Dan 4:16 (see שָׁעָה), Ezra 4:8; Ezra 6:2, חַד שִׁדְעָךְ Dan 3:19 = seven-fold (as Syriac: Nö^{§ 241 PS 1194}; compare Exod 16:5 ᵑ6), see K^{§ 66, 2}.

one, first, another, other, any, …

ʾeḥād

properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first

one (number)

one (number)

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: הֵנָּה · hane-NAW

Noun — feminine plural plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: of them

they ×10 these ×4 of them ×3 such ×2 those ×2 and such things ×1 and these ×1 and those ×1

More options

they — Standard 3rd-person plural pronoun; broadest use.

these — Demonstrative; use when pointing to nearby referents.

those — Demonstrative; use for more distant or already-mentioned referents.

them — Object form; use when the pronoun is in object position.

such — Qualitative use; highlights kind or category of referents.

theirs — Possessive use; indicates ownership belonging to them.

BDB2087 H1931 H1992 H2007

הוּא masculine הִיא feminine (plural masculine הֵ֫מָּה, הֵם; feminine הֵ֫נָּה, הֵן [the latter only with prefixes]; see these words), pronoun of the 3rd person singular, he, she, used also (in both genders) for the neuter it, Latin is, ea, id. (The א is not orthographic merely, but radical, being written on Moabite and Phoenician inscriptions, though dropped in some of the later dialects. [In Hebrew only Jer 29:23 Kt, and in the proper name אֱלִיהוּ.] Moabite (MI^{6; 27}) and Phoenician (often) הא; Aramaic of Zinjirli הא, once הו (DHM^{Inschr. von Sendschirli 55}); ᵑ7 הוּא, הִיא Syriac , ; Arabic , (for h¥°a, h£°a, W^{SG 104}); Ethiopic we°§t¥, ye°§t£; perhaps also Assyrian šû, šî, himself, herself suffix šu, ši; compare demonstrative šuatu, šiati (see Krae^{BAS. i. 383 & references}, W^{SG 98, 105} Dl^{§ 55b, 57}). In the Pentateuch, הוא is of common gender, the feminine form הִיא occurring only 11 times, namely Gen 14:2; Gen 20:5; Gen 38:25 (see Masora here), Lev 11:39; Lev 13:10; Lev 13:21; Lev 16:31; Lev 20:17; Lev 21:9; Num 5:13; Num 5:14. The punctuators, however, sought to assimilate the usage of the Pentateuch to that of the rest of the OT, and accordingly wherever הוא was construed as a feminine pointed it הִוא (as a Qr perpetuum). Outside the Pentateuch the same Qr occurs 1Kgs 17:15; Isa 30:33; Job 31:11a — probably for the sake of removing gramm. anomalies: five instances of the converse change, namely of היא to be read as הוּא, occur for a similar reason, 1Kgs 17:15 (וַתּאֹכַל הוּאוָֿהִיא to be read as וַתּאֹכַל הִיאוָֿהוּא, on account of the feminine verb) Ps 73:16; Job 31:11b (כי הוא זמה והיא עָוֺן פלילים to be read as כי היא זמה והוא עון פלילים), Eccl 5:8; 1Chr 29:16. The origin of the peculiarity in the Pentateuch is uncertain. It can hardly be a real archaism : for the fact that arab., Aramaic, & Ethiopic have distinct forms for masculine & feminine shews that both must have formed part of the original Semitic stock, and consequently of Hebrew as well, from its earliest existence as an independent language. Nor is the peculiarity confined to the Pentateuch: in the Manuscript of the Later Prophets, of A.D. , now at St. Petersburg, published in facsimile by Strack (1876), the feminine occurs written הוא (see the passages cited in the Adnotationes Criticae, p. 026). In Phoenician both masculine and feminine are alike written הא (CIS i. 1Chr 1:9 מלך צדק הא, 1Chr 1:13 מלאכת הא, 1Chr 3:10 אדם הא, 1Chr 1:11 ממלכת הא, 1Chr 93:2; 1Chr 94:2), though naturally this would be read as hu° or hi° as occasion required. Hence, as ᵐ5 shews that in the older Hebrew MSS. the scriptio plena was not yet generally introduced, it is probably that originally הא was written for both genders in Hebrew likewise, and that the epicene הוא in the Pentateuch originated at a comparatively late epoch in the transmission of the text — perhaps in connection with the assumption, which is partly borne out by facts (compare De^{ZKWL 1880, pp. 393-399}), that in the older language feminine forms were more sparingly used than subsequently.)

In usage הוּא (feminine הִיא; plural הֵ֫מָּה, הֵם, ׃ הֵ֫נָּה see הֵ֫מָּה) is

1. an emphatic he (she, it, they), sometimes equivalent to himself (herself, itself, themselves), or (especially with the article) that (those):
a. Gen 3:15 הוא ישׁופך ראשׁ he (ᵐ5 αὐτὸς) shall bruise thee as to the head (opposed to the following אתה thou), vGen 3:20 for she (and no one else) was the mother of all living (so often in causal sentences, where some emphasis on the subject is desirable as Judg 14:3; Ps 24:2; Ps 25:15; Ps 33:9; Ps 91:3; Ps 103:14; Ps 148:5; Job 5:18; Job 11:11; Job 28:24; Jer 5:5; Jer 34:7b Hos 6:1; Hos 11:10 : Dr^{1Sam 14:18}), 1Sam 4:20 Adah bare Jabal הוא היה אבי ישׁב אהלים he (ἐκεῖνος) was the father of tent-dwellers, v1Sam 4:21; 1Sam 10:8 he began to be a mighty one in the earth, 1Sam 20:5 (αὐτός), Judg 13:5; Isa 32:7; Isa 33:22; 2Kgs 14:7; 2Kgs 14:22; 2Kgs 14:25; Hos 10:2 he — the unseen observer of their thoughts and deeds (Che), Hos 13:15 b (he, the foe figured by the east wind). (For its use thus in circumstantial clauses see Dr^{§ 157, 160, 168, 169}.) And where the predicate is a substantive or participle, Gen 2:11 הוּא הַסֹּבֵב ֗֗֗ that is the one which encompasseth etc., vGen 2:13 vGen 2:14; Gen 10:12 that is the great city. So in the explanatory notices, Gen 14:3 הוּא יָם הַמֶּלַת that is the salt sea, vGen 14:8 הוּאצֹֿעַר that is Zoar, Gen 36:1 + often
b. pointing back to the subj. and contrasting it with something else : Gen 4:4 הבל גסהֿוא Abel, he also ... vGen 4:26; Gen 10:21; Gen 20:5 וְהִיאגַֿםהִֿוא and she, herself also said, Exod 1:10 + often
c. appended alone to a verb (more rarely, but always with intentional emphasis), Exod 4:14 I know כי דבר ידבר הוא that he can speak, vExod 4:16; 1Sam 22:18 ויפגע הוא בכהנים and he (though none else would do it) smote the priests, 1Sam 23:22 for one hath told me, עָרֹם יַעְרִם הוּא He can deal subtilly, Ezek 12:12 (peculiarly), compare Dr^{§ 160 n.}: very rarely indeed to a noun Num 18:23 הַלֵּוִי הוּא Isa 7:14 הוא ׳י, Esth 9:1 (הֵמָּה) being probably all the examples in the OT.
d. Gen 13:1 and Abram came up out of Egypt, הוּא וְאִשְׁתּוֺ himself and his wife, and all that he had, Gen 14:15 הוּא וַעֲבָדָיו he and his servants, Gen 19:30 so very often
e. prefixed to a noun (very rare, and mostly late), Exod 12:42b Ezek 3:8 & Ezek 33:8 הוּא רָשָׁע : to proper names Exod 6:27 הוא משׁה ואהרן, 1Chr 26:26 that Shelomoth, 1Chr 27:6; 2Chr 28:22; 2Chr 32:12 (different from 2Kgs 18:22), v2Kgs 18:30; 2Kgs 33:23; Ezra 7:6: compare הֵם Neh 10:38 (compare in Syriac , Nö^{§ 227}): compare Ps 87:5; 1Sam 20:29.

2. It resumes the subject with emphasis:
a. when the predicate is a verb (especially if it be separated from its subject by an intervening clause), Gen 15:4 but one that shall come forth out of thine own bowels, הוּא יִירָשֶׁ֑ךָ he shall be thy heir, Gen 3:12 the woman whom thou gavest to be with me, הוא נתנה לי she gave to me, Gen 24:7; Gen 44:17 etc. Judg 7:4; 2Sam 14:19 (throwing stress on יוֺאָב) 1Chr 11:20; Isa 33:15-16; Isa 34:16; Isa 38:19; Isa 47:10; Isa 59:16; Isa 63:5; Hos 7:8 often in Proverbs, as Hos 10:18; Hos 10:22; Hos 10:24; Hos 11:28; Hos 13:13; Hos 19:21; Hos 22:9; Hos 24:12; 1Sam 1:13 (see Dr), Ps 68:36.
b. when the predicate is a noun, Gen 2:14 and the fourth river, הוּא פְרָת it was the Euphrates, vGen 2:19; Gen 9:18; Gen 15:2; Gen 42:6 הַשַּׁלִּיט וְיוֺסֵף הוּא and Joseph, he was the ruler etc.: in sentences of the type הוּא הָאֱלֹהִים ׳י, הוּא הַנִּלְחָם ׳י לָכֶם, הוּא נַחֲלָתְךָ ׳י, Deut 3:22; Deut 4:35; Deut 7:9; Deut 10:9; Josh 13:14; Josh 13:33; Isa 9:14; Isa 33:6; (in these cases, to avoid stiffness, it is convenient often to drop the pronoun in translating, as 'And the fourth river was the Euphrates:' the pronoun, however, though it then corresponds to the substantive verb in English, does not really express it, the copula, as the examples shew, being in fact understood. Sts. in AV the pronoun is retained for emphasis, as Deuteronomy ll. cc.) So
c. after אֲשֶׁר in an affirmative sentence, Gen 9:3 all creeping things אֲשֶׁר הוּאחַֿי which are living, Lev 11:39; Num 9:13; Num 14:8; Num 35:31 אֲשֶׁר הוּא רָשָׁע לָמוּת who is guilty of death, Deut 20:20; 1Sam 10:19; Hag 1:9 and elsewhere (On 2, compare Dr^{§ 199}, with Obs.)

3. Where, however, the pron. follows the predicate, its position gives it the minimum of emphasis, and it expresses (or resumes) the subject as unobtrusively as possible: thus
a. Gen 12:18 why didst thou not tell me כי אשׁתך הוא that she was thy wife ? Gen 20:13; Gen 21:13 כי זרעך הוא for he is thy seed, Gen 31:20 because he told him not כִּי בֹרֵחַ הוּא, Gen 37:3 + often (the opposite order rare and emphatic: Gen 24:65; Deut 4:6; Deut 30:20; Josh 10:2; 1Kgs 2:22; 1Kgs 3:4; 1Kgs 21:2; Hos 2:4; Ps 45:12).
b. resuming the subject, Gen 31:16 all the wealth which God hath taken etc., לנו הוא ולבנינו it is ours and our children's, vGen 31:43 and all that thou seest, לי הוא it is mine (or, omitting the pronoun, as not required in our idiom, simply) is mine, Gen 41:26 חלום פרעה אחד הוא the dream of Pharaoh is one, Gen 48:5 (לי הם), Exod 3:5 for the place where on thou standest, אַדְמַת קֹדֶשׁ הוּא it is holy ground, Num 13:32; Num 21:26; Deut 1:17; Josh 5:15; Josh 6:19; Job 3:19 + often; Gen 23:15 ארץ ֗֗֗ מַההִֿוא, so Ps 39:5; Isa 41:22 (הֵנָּה); הֵמָּה .... אַתֶּם (unusual) Zeph 2:12. (In all such cases the predicate is not referred directly to the subject, but, the subject being made a casus pendens, it is resumed by the pronoun, and the predicate thus referred to it indirectly. By this means the sentence is lightened and relieved, especially if the subject consist of many words: in Gen 31:16 for instance, the direct form of predicate כִּי לָנוּ וּלְבָנֵינוּ כָּלהָֿעשֶׁר אֲשֶׁר הִצִּיל אֱלֹהִים מֵאָבִינוּ would have been heavy and inelegant.) So
c. after אֲשֶׁר in a negative sentence, Gen 7:2; Gen 17:12 אֲשֶׁר לאֹ מִזַּרְעֲךָ הוּא which is not of thy seed, Num 17:5; Deut 17:5; 1Kgs 8:41 (compareהֵמָּה 3 c).
d. peculiarly, as the subject of לֹא, Jer 5:12 לוֺא הוּא He is not; and as embracing its predicate in itself, Isa 18:2; Isa 18:7 a nation terrible מִןהֿוּא (= מַאֲשֶׁר הוּא) from (the time that) it was, Nah 2:9 מִימֵי הִיא from the days that (stative construct Ges^{«GKC:130»§ 130}. 4) as it was, 2Kgs 7:7 they left the camp כַּאֲשֶׁר הִיא as it was (compare כַּאֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה v2Kgs 7:10). (On 3, compare Dr^{§ 198}, with Obs.)

4. It anticipates (as it seems) the subject namely
a. (rare) Song 6:9 אַהַת הִיא יוֺנָתִי תַמָּתִי one is she, my dove my perfect one, Lev 25:11; Ezek 11:15; Ezek 21:16; Lam 1:18 ׳צַדִּיק הוּא י (often so in Late Hebrew); EC Lam 6:10 וְנוֺדָע אֲשֶׁר הוּא אָדָם and that which he, even man, is, is known (De Now); compare 1Sam 6:19 מִקְרֶה הוּא הָיָה לָנוּ an accident is it, (that) hath befallen us. (compare הֵמָּה 4 a.)
b. after pronouns — (α) 2Sam 7:28 אַתָּה הוּא הָאֱלֹהִים Thou art he — God, Ps 44:5 אתה הוא מלבי thou art he — my king, Isa 37:16; Isa 43:25 (אנכי), Isa 51:9; Isa 51:10; Isa 51:12; Isa 52:6; Jer 14:22; Jer 29:23 Kt +; compare Jer 49:12 וְאַתָּה הוּא נָקֹה תִנָּקֶה and art thou he (that) shall be unpunished ? (with change of person κατά σύνεσιν, compare Judg 13:11; 1Chr 21:17; Ezek 38:17.) So Ew^{§ 297 b} Müll^{§ 499. But others, as} Ges^Thes Roo^{§ 563} De^{Isa 37:16}; Ps 44. 5, treat הוא as emphasizing the pronoun, 'Thou, he, art God' i.e. Thou and none else art God; 'Thou (emphatic) art my king.'. (β) מִי הוּא, followed by a participle or substantive Gen 27:33; Ps 24:10 מִי הוּא זֶה מֶלֶךְ הַכָּבוֺד who is he, then — the king of glory ? (according to others, as before, 'Who (emphatic), then, is the king of glory ?'); followed by a verb Isa 50:9 מִי הוּא יַרְשִׁיעֵנִי who is he (that) will condemn me ? (others 'Who (emphatic) will condemn me ?') Job 4:7; Job 13:19; Job 17:3; Job 41:2; Jer 30:21 (so with הֵנָּה Gen 21:29, הֵמָּה Zech 1:9; Zech 4:5). (γ) זֶההֿוּא 1Chr 22:1 EC 1Chr 1:17 (frequently in Late Hebrew, where the two words coalesce into one זֶהוּ) . On the analogous אֵלֶּה הֵם ֗֗֗ ), see הֵמָּה 4 b (γ). (compare Dr^{§ 200, 201})

5. As an emphatic predicate, of God, 'I am He,' i.e. I am He Who is (opposed to unreal gods, named in context, or to transitory world), the Unseen, yet Omni-present, and Self-consistent, Ruler of the world, Deut 32:39 אֲנִי אֲנִי הוּא I, I am he, and beside me there is no God, Isa 41:4 (see Che) Isa 43:10; Isa 43:13 even from to-day I am he, Isa 46:4; Isa 48:12; Ps 102:28 (see Che) thou art he, and thy years have no end (ᵐ5 usually ἐγώ εἰμι : in Psalms σὺ δὲ ὁ αὐτὸς εἶ). So also, according to many, Job 3:19, but is הוא a mere predicate of identity ? see rather 3b.

6. In a neuter sense, that, it (of an action, occurrence, matter, etc.) —
a. Josh 2:21 כְּדִבְרֵיכֶם כֶּןהֿוּא according to your words, so be it; Gen 42:14 הוא אשׁר דברתי that is what I said, Exod 16:23; Lev 10:3; 2Kgs 9:36; Job 8:19 הן הוא משׂושׂ דרכו lo that (what has just been described) is the joy of his way, Job 13:16; Job 15:9; Job 31:28; Prov 7:23; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 3:22; Eccl 9:9; Esth 9:1b; similarly the feminine הִיא, Judg 14:4 they knew not היא ׳כי מי that it was from ׳י, Num 14:41; Josh 10:13; Isa 14:24; Ps 77:10 חַלּוֺתִי הִיא it (this perplexity) is my sickness, Job 9:22; Prov 18:13; Jer 22:16; 2Chr 25:20; Eccl 3:13 reference to זאת Amos 7:6; Ps 118:23; Job 5:27, זִּה Eccl 2:24. (Where there is a predicate, the gender of this usually regulates the choice of m. or f.: hence הִוא Gen 34:14; Exod 8:15; Num 15:25 (Eccl 5:5) Deut 4:6 +.)
b. affirming the presence or existence of something (rare) : 2Kgs 18:36 = Isa 36:21 כִּי מִצְוַת הַמֶּלֶךְ הִיא for it was the king's command, saying etc., 1Sam 20:33 (text dubious), Jer 50:15; Jer 50:25; Jer 51:6; Jer 51:11; Mic 2:3, perhaps Job 32:8. p. 241.

7. With the art. הַהוּא, הַהִיא, הָהֵ֫מָּה, הָהֵם, הָהֵ֫נָּה: so regularly when joined to a substantive defined itself by the article: Gen 2:12 הָאָרֶץ הַהִוא that land, Gen 19:35 ובלילה ההוא and in that night, Gen 21:22 בָּעֵת הַהִוא at that time, Deut 1:19 המדבר הגדול והנורא ההוא. Only four times does there occur the anomalous construction בַּלַּיְלָה הוּא Gen 19:33; Gen 30:16; Gen 32:23; 1Sam 19:10.

BDB2207 H2007

II. הֵ֫נָּה pronoun 3 plural feminine they: see הֵ֫מָּה.

הֲנָחָה see below נוח

they, these, such, them, those, …

hēnnâ

themselves (often used emphatic for the copula, also in indirect relation)

they, these, the same, who

לֹ֣א

Particle not

Dictionary form: לֹא · loh

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: not

not ×882 neither ×399 no ×282 nor ×215 shall not ×205 thou shalt not ×116 is not ×102 and not ×86

More options

not — Default negation; fits nearly every context.

no — Use before nouns or as a standalone negative.

never — Emphasizes total or timeless negation.

nor — Use in paired or continued negative clauses.

neither — Use when negating two elements together.

none — Negates a noun or quantity; no one/nothing.

BDB4266 H3808

לֹא or לוֺא adverb not (Arabic , Aramaic לָא, , Sabean לא, Ass. lâ; not in Ethiopic: compare Kö^{ii. 1. 236} Walker^{AJSL 1896, 237 ff.}) — לוֺא, according to Masora (Fr^{MM 248}), 35 t., besides בְּלוֺא 6 t., and הֲלוֺא, the orthography of which varies much (ib.^{p. 251}), e.g. in Samuel always הֲלוֺא, in Chronicles always הֲלֹא, on the whole הֲלוֺא 141 t., הֲלֹא 128 t.; twice, according to Masora, written לו (Qr לֹא), 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2, once לה Deut 3:11 Kt: — not — denying objectively, like οὐ (not μὴ = אַל): —

1. in predication:
a. with a verb; so most frequently, and nearly always
(a) with the finite tenses, whether perfect (Gen 2:5 b Gen 4:5 etc.) or imperfect (Gen 3:4; Gen 8:21; Gen 8:22 etc.); in short circumstantial clauses, as Gen 44:4 לא הרחיקו, Isa 40:20 לֹא יִמּוֺט, and with a final force Isa 41:7; Exod 28:32 (see Ges^{«GKC:156»§ 156}. 3 R. b, c Dr^{§ 162}). Governing two closely connected verbs (Dr^{§ 115}, לא) Exod 28:43 וְלֹא יִשְׂאוּ עָוֺן וָמֵתוּ, Lev 19:12; Lev 19:29b Deut 7:25; Deut 7:26; Deut 19:10; Deut 22:1 and elsewhere; and two parallel clauses (Ges^{«GKC:152»§ 152}. 3) Isa 23:4b Ps 9:19; Ps 44:19; Job 3:1 and elsewhere With the imperfect, especially with 2 person, לֹא often expresses (not, like אַל, a deprecation, do not . . ., let not . . ., but) a prohibition, as Gen 2:17 לֹא תאֹכַל מִמֶּנּוּ thou shall not eat of it, Gen 3:1; Gen 3:3; Exod 20:3 לֹאיִֿהְיֶה לְךָ there shall not be to thee, etc., vExod 20:13 לא תגנב, etc. With the coh. and jussive moods (which are negatived regularly by אַל), it occurs only exceptionally (Ges^{«GKC:109»§ 109}. 1 b R. 1), Gen 24:8; 1Sam 14:36; 2Sam 17:12; 2Sam 18:14; 1Kgs 2:6; Ezek 48:14.
(b) with the infinitive (which is negatived by בִּלְתִּי, q. v.), only once, in בְּלֹא (4 a), and with לְ, in the sense of cannot, or must not; Judg 1:19 כי לא להורישׁ for it was not (possible) to dispossess, etc. Amos 6:10 לא ׳להזכיר בשׁם י, 1Chr 5:1; 1Chr 15:2 (Dr^{§ 202. 2}); compare Aramaic לָא Dan 6:9; Ezra 6:8. On its use with the participle, see b c.
(c) לא always negates properly the word immediately following: hence, in a verbal sentence, where this is not the verb, some special stress rests upon it, Gen 32:29 לֹא יַעֲקֹב ׳יֵאָמֵר עוֺד וג not Jacob shall thy name be called any more, but Israel, Gen 45:8 לֹא אַתֶּם שְׁלַחְתֶּם אֹתִי Not ye (in our idiom: It is not ye who) have sent me hither, but God, Exod 16:8; 1Sam 8:7 כִּי לֹא ׳אֹתְךָ מָאָסוּ כִּי אֹתִי וג, Ps 115:17 without a following correcting clause, Gen 38:9; Num 16:29 שְׁלָחָנִי׃ ׳לֹא י Not ׳י (but another) hath sent me, Deut 32:27 לֹא פָּעַל זֹאת ׳י, 1Chr 17:4; Deut 8:9; Isa 28:28 לא לנצח ֗֗֗ not for ever (but only for a while) . . . (so Isa 57:16; Ps 9:19; Ps 49:18; Ps 103:9 but Isa 13:20 לא תשׁב לנצח is, will not be inhabited for ever), Isa 43:22; Job 13:16; Job 32:9 hence rhetorically, insinuating something very different, not named, 2Kgs 6:10 not once, and not twice (but repeatedly), Ezra 10:13; Jer 4:11 a wind לֹא לְזָרוֺת וְלוֺא לְהַָבר׃ not to winnow, and not to cleanse (but to exterminate), Isa 45:13; Isa 48:1b Josh 24:12; Dan 11:20; Dan 11:29; Job 34:20 לֹא בְיָד (but by a Divine agency: compare Dan 2:34 also Job 20:26 אֵשׁ לֹא נֻפָּ֑ךְ fire not blown upon [but kindled from heaven], Lam 4:6 and אין Isa 47:14).
(d) standing alone:
(a) אִםלֹֿא if not, Gen 18:21 וְאִםלֹֿא אֵדָֽעָה׃, Gen 29:49; Gen 42:16; Job 9:24; Job 24:25 (β) הֲאִ֗֗֗םלֿא, or not, Gen 24:21 waiting to know דַּרְכּוֺ אִםלֹֿא ׳הַהִצְלִיחַ י, Gen 27:21; Gen 37:32; Exod 16:4; Num 11:23; Deut 8:2; Judg 2:22 (compare אִם אַיִן, אַיִן 2 d β, δ). In answer to a question or request, to deny, or decline, Nay, Nö: Judg 12:5 ויאמר לא, Hag 2:12 לא אדני Gen 23:11; Gen 42:10; 1Sam 1:15 +; often followed by כי, Nö for . . . = Nö but . . ., Gen 18:15 ויאמר לֹא כִּי צָחָ֑קְתְּ, Gen 19:2; Josh 5:14; Josh 24:21; 1Sam 2:16 Qr (see Dr), 1Sam 10:19 (ᵐ5 MSS), 2Sam 16:18; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:22 (twice in verse) +; Job 23:6 (strangely). (compare, in deprecation, אַל.)
(e) with an interrogative force, which however does not lie in לא as such, but (as in other cases) in the contrast with a preceding clause, or in the tone of voice (compare וְ 1 f; Ew^{§ 324 a} Ges^{«GKC:150»§ 150}. 1 Dr^{1Sam 11:12}): Jonah 4:11 ׳אַתָּה חַסְתָּוַ֗֗֗אֲנִי לֹא אָחוּס וג, Job 2:10; Job 22:11; Exod 8:22; 2Kgs 5:26; Jer 49:9 (|| Obad 1:5 הֲלוֺא), Mal 2:15; Lam 3:38 and in passages, exegesis or text. doubtful (see Commentaries), 1Sam 20:14; 2Sam 23:5 (but see Bu), Hos 10:9 (Ew We), Hos 11:5 (Ew), Job 14:16b (but ᵐ5 Ew Di תַעֲבֹר), Lam 1:12 (Ew Ke), Lam 3:36 (Ke Bä).
b. with adjectives and substantive:
(a) Gen 2:18 לֹא טוֺב הֱֶיוֺת הָאָדָם לְבַדֹּו not good is man's being alone, Exod 18:17 + often
(b) Exod 4:16 לֹא אִישׁ דְּבָרִים אָנֹכִי, Amos 7:14 לא נביא אנכי, Num 23:9 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב, Deut 17:15 (see אשׁר

2. b) Deut 20:20; Deut 32:47; 1Sam 15:29; 2Sam 18:20 לֹא אִישׁ בְּשׂרָה אַתָּה הַיּוֺם, 2Sam 21:2; 1Kgs 22:33; 2Kgs 6:19 לא זִה הדרך, Mic 2:10; Isa 27:11; Hos 8:6 והמה לא אלהים Jer 2:11; Jer 16:20; 2Kgs 19:18; 1Kgs 19:11 (twice in verse) לֹא ׳בָרַעַשׁ י, Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13; Job 15:9; Job 28:14 לֹא בִי הִיא (|| אֵין עִמָּדִי)s, Ps 74:9; Jer 5:10 המה ׳לוא לי, Jer 10:16; Deut 32:21 בָּנִים לֹא אֵמוּן בָּם, Jer 10:14; Hab 1:14; Job 16:17; Job 38:26 מִדְבָּר לֹא אָדָם בּוֺ; 1Kgs 22:17 לֹא אֲדֹנִים לָאֵלֶּה, Jer 49:31; Ps 22:3 וְלֹא דוּמִיָּה לִי, Job 18:17; Job 18:19; Job 29:12 ולא עֹזֵר לו, Job 30:13; Job 33:9; Jer 2:19 וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ and (that) my terror reached not unto thee, Job 21:9 absolute Gen 29:7 לֹאעֵֿתִ הֵאָסֵף הַמִּקְנֶה (Hag 1:2), Num 20:5; 2Kgs 4:23 לא חדשׁ ולא שׁבת, Isa 44:9; Jer 5:12 ויאמרו לוא הוא, Job 9:32; Job 22:16; Job 36:26; Job 41:2; Prov 19:7 (si vera lectio) מְרַדֵּף אֲמָרִים לֹאהֵֿמָּה words which are not, which are nought.
(c) with the participle לֹא is rare, a finite verb being usually preferred (Exod 34:7 וְנַקִּה לֹא יְנַקֶּה: Ew^{§ 320 c} Dr^{§ 162}): 2Sam 3:34 יָדֶיךָ לֹא אֲסֻרוֺת, Ezek 4:14; Ezek 22:24; Deut 28:61; Ps 38:15 כְּאִישׁ אֲשֶׁר לֹא שֹׁמֵעַ who is not hearing, Job 12:3; Job 13:2 לֹא נֹפֵל אָנֹכִי מִכֶּם, Zeph 3:5 (very anomalous); 1Kgs 10:21 לא is probably textual error In וְהוּא לֹא שׂנֵא לוֺ or לא שׂנא הוא לו, Deut 4:42; Deut 19:4; Deut 19:6; Josh 20:5 (compare אֹיֵב Num 35:23), שׂנֵא is best construed as a substantive, he being a not-hater to him afore-time. — In most of the cases under b, c, אין could have been employed; but the negation by לֹא is more pointed and forcible.

2. Not in predication:
a. coupled to an adjective to negative it, like the Greek ἀ‐, but usually by way of litotes: Hos 13:13 בן לאחֿכם an unwise son, Ps 36:5 דֶּרֶךְ לֹא טוֺב a way not good, Ps 43:1 גוי לא חסיד, Prov 16:29; Prov 30:25; Prov 30:26; Ezek 20:25; 2Chr 30:17 : Isa 16:14 לוֺא כַבִּיר, compare Isa 10:7 לֹא מְעַט.
b. with a participle Jer 2:2 ארץ לא זרועה, Jer 18:15 (the finite verb is more common: see Isa 62:12 עִיר לֹא נֱעֶזָ֫בָה (compare Isa 54:11), Jer 6:8 אֶרֶץ לוֺא נוֺשָׁ֫בָה, Jer 15:18; Jer 22:6; Jer 31:18; Zeph 2:1).
c. Gen 15:13 בארץ לא להם, Jer 5:19; Hab 1:6 מִשְׁכָּנוֺת לֹאלֿוֺ, Prov 26:17 רִיב לֹאלֿוֺ.
d. with a substantive, in poetry, forming a kind of compound, expressing pointedly its antithesis or negation (German un- is sometimes used similarly): Deut 32:5(?). 17. 21 a they made me jealous בְּלֹא אֵל with a not-God (with what in no respect deserved the name of God), v^b בְּלֹא עָם i.e. with an unorganized horde, Amos 6:13 הַשְּׂמֵחִים לְלֹא דָבָר i.e. at a thing which is not, an unreality (of their boasted strength), Isa 10:15 כְּהָרִים מַטֶּה לֹא עֵץ like a rod's lifting up what is no wood (but the agent wielding it), Isa 31:8 חרב לא אישׁ, חרב לא אדם, Isa 55:2 בלוא לחם for what is not bread, בלוא לשׂבעה for what is not for satiety, Jer 5:7 וַיּשָּֽׁבְעוּ בְּלֹא אֱלֹהִים by not-gods, in late prose 2Chr 13:9 כֹּהֵן לְלֹא אֱלֹהִים; Ps 44:13 תִּמְכֹּר עַמְּךָ בְּלֹאהֿוֺן for no-value (i.e. cheaply), Prov 13:23; Job 10:12 צלמות וְלֹא סְדָרִים darkness and disorder; so לֹאעַֿמִּי Hos 1:9; Hos 2:25: still more pregnantly Job 26:2 a מֶהעָֿזַרְתָּ לְלֹאכֹֿחַ (poetic for לאשׁר אין לו כח) the powerless, vJob 26:2b; vJob 26:3a (Ew^{§ 286 g} Ges^{«GKC:152»§ 152}. 1 n.), Job 39:16 הִקְשִׁיחַ בָּנֶיהָ לְלֹא לָהּ useth hardly her young ones (making them) into none of hers; and even Hab 2:6 הַמַּרְבֶּה לֹאלֿוֺ what is not his own (compare Job 18:15 מִבְּלִי לוֺ). compare with a verb, and ellipse of אשׁר, Isa 65:1 לְלֹא שָׁאָ֑לוּ to those who have not asked, v^b Jer 2:8 אַחֲרִי לֹא יוֺעִילוּ, vJer 2:11b; also לֹא רֻחָ֫מָה Hos 1:6; Hos 1:8; Hos 2:25, and probably Job 31:31 לֹא נִשְׂבָּ֑ע (perfect in p.) one not satisfied.
e. in circumstantial clauses (Dr^{§ 164}), in poetry and rare: qualifying a substantive, 2Sam 23:4 בֹּקֶר לֹא עָבוֺת a morning without clouds, Job 12:24 בְּתֹהוּ לֹא דֶרֶךְ in a pathless waste, Job 38:26a; and a verb Job 34:24 יָרֹעַ כַּבִּרִים לֹא חֵקֶר without inquiry, Ps 59:4 לא פשׁעי ולא חטאתי (compare vPs 59:4 בלי עון), in late prose, twice, 1Chr 2:30; 1Chr 2:32 וימת לא בנים (אֵין and בְּלִי, q. v., are more usual in such cases).

3. Once (according to many MSS), as a substantive, Job 6:21 כִּיעַֿתָּה הֱיִיתֶם לֹא for now are ye become nothing, Hi De Kö (compare Dan 4:32 (Aramaic) כְּלָה חֲשִׁיבִין, ᵑ7 here כְּלָא הֲוֵיתוּן, and אַל Job 24:25); but reading fluctuates (Orientals לֹא, Qr לו, Westerns, Baer (see pp. 37, 56) לוֺ ['now are ye become that,' namely the נַחַל אַכְזָב of vJob 24:15]; but even לוֺ yields a forced sense; and text is probably wrong: Mich Ew Ol Sgf Bu כֵּןלִ֗֗֗י (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 also read לִי); Bö Di כִּילְ֗֗֗אָ֑יִן. compare Kö^{ii. 1. 236 f}.

4. With prefixes: —
a. בְּלֹא₃₁ (chiefly in poetry or late), according to the varying significance of בְּ:
(a) usually with not = without, Jer 22:13 בונה ביתו בלאֿ צדק without justice (|| בלא משׁפט; so Ezek 22:29; Prov 16:8), Isa 55:1 (twice in verse); Prov 19:2; Job 8:11 הֲיִגְאֶהגֹּֿמֶא בְּלֹא בִצָּה without mire || כלי מים, Job 30:28 בְּלֹא חַמָּה (=not through the sun), Lam 1:6 וילכו בלאכֿח, Num 35:22 בְּלֹא אֵיבָה ֗֗֗ בְּלֹא צְדִיָּה, vNum 35:23 (followed by infinitive) בְּלֹא רְאוֺת, 2Chr 21:20; Eccl 10:11; Ps 17:1 תְּפִלָּתִי בְּלֹא שִׂפְתֵי מִרְמָה; used more freely in Chronicles, 1Chr 12:18 בְּלֹא חָמָס בְּכַפָּֽי׃, v.1Chr 12:34 בְּלֹא לֵב וָלֵב, 2Chr 30:18 בְּלֹא כַכָּתוּב. With ellipse of rel., Lam 4:14 בְּלֹא יוּכְלוּ יִגְּעוּ without (that) men are able to touch, etc.
(b) of time, in not, i.e. outside of, Lev 15:25 בלא עֶתנִֿדָּתָהּ, before Job 15:32 בלאיֿומו, Eccl 7:17 בְּלֹא עִתֶּךְ׃.
(c) where לֹא belongs to the following word, and is only accidentally preceded by ב (see above 2 d), Deut 32:21 (twice in verse); Jer 5:7; Prov 13:23 בלא משׁפט through injustice; with בְּ pretii, Ps 44:13; Isa 55:2 (twice in verse); Jer 2:11 בְּלוֺא יוֺעִיל for (that which) profiteth not.

b. הֲלֹא nonne ? Gen 4:7 + often Inviting, as it does, an affirmative answer, it is often used,
(a) especially in conversation, for pointing to a fact in such a way as to arouse the interest of the person addressed, or to win his assent: Gen 13:19 Is not the whole land before thee ? Gen 19:20; Gen 20:5; Gen 27:36; Gen 29:25; Exod 4:11 Who maketh dumb or deaf, etc. Do not I ? Exod 33:16; Judg 4:6; Judg 4:14; Judg 8:2; Judg 9:28; Judg 9:38; 1Sam 9:20; 1Sam 9:21; 1Sam 15:17 etc.; with a verb in 1 person, Josh 1:9 הלא צויתיך, Judg 6:14 הלא שׁלחתיך, 1Sam 20:30; 2Sam 19:23; Ruth 2:9: similarly in a poetical or rhetorical style, Judg 5:30 הלא ימצאו יחלקו שׁלל, Isa 8:19; Isa 10:8; Isa 10:9; Isa 10:11; Isa 28:25; Isa 29:17; Isa 40:21; Isa 40:23; Isa 42:24; Isa 43:19 etc., Job 4:6; Job 4:21; Job 7:1; Job 10:10; Job 10:20, etc. (β) it has a tendency to become little more than an affirm. particle, declaring with some rhetorical emphasis what is, or might be, well known: Deut 3:11 הֲלֹה הִיא בְרַבַּת בְּנֵי עַמּוֺן, Deut 11:30; 1Sam 21:12 הלוא ׳זה דוד וג (compare 1Sam 29:3; 1Sam 29:5; 2Sam 11:3), 2Sam 23:19; 2Sam 26:1; 2Sam 15:35 it is thus nearly = הִנֵּה (ᵐ5 sometimes represents it by ιδου, as Josh 1:9; Judg 6:14; Ruth 2:9; 2Sam 15:35); so especially in the phrase of the compiler of Kings, And the rest of the acts of . . ., הֲלֹא הֵם (הֵמָּה) כְּתוּבִים are they not written in, etc. ? 1Kgs 11:41; 1Kgs 14:29 + often (with which there interchanges הִנָּם כְּתוּבִים 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 15:11; 2Kgs 15:26; 2Kgs 15:31, which is generally used by the Chronicles, 2Chr 16:11; 2Chr 20:34, etc.), Josh 10:13 (compare 2Sam 1:18 הִנֵּה), 1Kgs 8:53 ᵐ5, Esth 10:2; Ps 56:14 (strangely: contr. Ps 116:8). — הֲלֹא הִנֵּה Hab 2:13; 2Chr 25:26 (הִנָּם). — On Judg 14:15, see הֲ 1 end.

c. וָלֹ֕א and not=and if not, 2Sam 13:26; 2Kgs 5:17. compare וָּיֵשׁ.
d. כְּלוֺא Obad 1:16 והיו כלוא היו, poetic for כאשׁר, as though they had not been.

e. לְלֹא without, literally in the condition of no . . . 2Chr 15:3 (compare לְאֵין, also in Chronicles). Elsewhere לא belongs to the following word, Amos 6:13; 2Chr 13:9; Isa 65:1 (twice in verse); Job 26:2; Job 26:3; Job 39:16 (see above 2 d).

Note. — Fifteen times, according to Masora (see De^{Ps 100. 3} Fr^{MM 247} Str^{Prol. Cr. 84}), לא is written by error for לוֺ, namely Exod 21:8; Lev 11:21; Lev 25:30; 1Sam 2:3; 2Sam 16:18; 2Kgs 8:10; Isa 9:2; Isa 63:9; Ps 100:3; Ps 139:16; Job 13:15; Job 41:4; Prov 19:7; Prov 26:2; Ezra 4:2 (always with Qr לוֺ). The passages must be considered each upon its own merits: in some לוֺ yields a preferable sense; but this is not the case in all. There is the same קרי (rightly) on Isa 49:5; 1Chr 11:20 but these were not considered to rest upon equal authority, and are hence not reckoned with the fifteen. — In Judg 21:22 (see GFM), 1Sam 13:13; 1Sam 20:14 (twice in verse), and in Job 9:33 לֹא יֵשׁ, read probably לֻא for לֹא.

BDB4344 H3808

לוֺ (Kt 1Sam 2:16; 1Sam 20:2), לוֺא, see לֹא.

BDB9632 H3808 H3809

לָא (לָה Dan 4:32) adverb not (Biblical Hebrew לא; Aramaic of Têma, Egyptian, etc., לא; Nerab ל (Lzb³⁰¹ Cook^{G1. 67}); ᵑ7 לָא; Syriac ); — not Jer 10:11; Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:10, etc.; before a participle (so rarely in Biblical Hebrew, 1 b c), Dan 2:27; Dan 2:43; Dan 3:16; Dan 4:4; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15 +, so v.Dan 4:32 וְכָלדָּֿאְרֵי אַרְעָא כְּלָה חֲשׁיבִין; are as men not accounted of (so Bev Behrm Marti, compare Isa 53:8 ᵑ7 בסירין ולא חשׁיבין; > most 'accounted as nothing,' for which no analogy, yet compare Ps 39:6 ᵑ7); followed by אִיתַי, see אִיתַי. With infinitive and לְ Dan 6:9 דִּי לָא לִהַשְׁנָיָה which it is not to alter = which is not to be altered (compare v.Dan 6:16), Ezra 6:8 (K^{§ 67, 1} Dr^{§ 202, 2}.; compare Isa 35:6 ᵑ7, D^{Aramaic Dialektproben, p. 1}). With interr. הֲלָא Dan 3:24; Dan 4:27; Dan 6:13.

BDB9640 H3809 H3861 H518 H2006 H3808 H3588

II. לָהֵן conjunction except, but (from לָא and הֵן 'not if' (compare Hebrew אם לא Gen 24:38); so Nabataean and Egyptian Aramaic להן Cooke^{217, 219, 241} S-C^{Pap. C 6, 7} +; lâinnî, however Soc^{Arab. Dial.} see Marokko 44, Anm. 103; ᵑ7 אִילָּהֵין Gen 32:28; Gen 43:3 and elsewhere); —

1. after a negative (= Biblical Hebrew כִּי אִם, q. v.):
a. except Dan 2:11; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:8.
b. but (German sondern) Dan 2:30.

2. without a negative: however, but Ezra 5:12.

not, no, neither, nor, none, …

lōʾ

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

not, no

not (with verb—absolute prohibition)

נִשְׁבָּֽרָה

Root word broken, break, brake, destroyed, pieces, …

Dictionary form: שָׁבַר · shaw-BAHR

Verb — Niphal, Perfect (Qatal), third person feminine singular passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "she (or it)"

In the KJV here: is broken

shall be broken ×8 and brake ×7 break ×4 broken ×4 i have broken ×4 i will break ×4 is broken ×4 brake ×3

More options

break — Most versatile; suits physical and figurative contexts alike.

shatter — Implies violent, complete fracturing; vivid and forceful.

smash — Colloquial force; best for deliberate, destructive breaking.

crush — Emphasizes pressure and total ruin rather than a snap.

destroy — Use when the breaking results in complete annihilation.

rupture — Clinical/formal; suits covenants, bonds, or body metaphors.

BDB8442 H7665

שָׁבַר₁₄₈ verb break, break in pieces (Late Hebrew id.; Sabean תֿבר, break, destroy DHM^{Hof. Mus., no. 1, l. 26} Mordtm^{Hi 74}; Arabic restrain, destroy; Aramaic תְּבַר, ; Assyrian šabâru, break, break in pieces; Ethiopic break); —

Qal₅₃ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ 1Kgs 13:28; Isa 14:5, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁבֹּר Jer 19:11, בּוֺר- Isa 42:3 3 feminine singular תִּשְׁבָּרֿ Prov 25:15, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁבֹר Ps 10:15, suffix שָׁבְרֵם Jer 17:18 Infinitive construct לִשְׁבֹּר Gen 19:9 +2 t., שְׁבוֺר Jer 28:12 Participle active שֹׁבֵר Ezek 4:16 +2 t.; passive שָׁבוּר Lev 22:22, plural construct שְׁבוּרֵי Ps 147:3 — break, literally, object earthen vessel Judg 7:20; Lev 11:33 (P), Jer 19:11 (in simile, compare vJer 19:11; Jer 48:33; Isa 30:14, flask Jer 19:10, gate-bar Amos 1:5 (in metaphor), bow Hos 1:5; Jer 49:35, and sword Hos 2:20 (מִןהָֿאָרֶץ), bone of lamb Exod 12:46; Num 9:12 (P), and (in metaphor) Prov 25:15, compare שָׁבוּר i.e. fractured of limb Lev 22:22 (H), yoke Jer 28:10; Jer 28:12; Jer 28:13, and, in metaphor, of deliverance (׳י subject) vJer 28:2 vJer 28:4 vJer 28:11; Jer 38:8 (with מֵעַל), +4 t., of rebellion Jer 2:20; Jer 5:5, so staff Isa 14:5 +5 t., reed Isa 42:3, arm of Pharaoh Ezek 30:21; Ezek 30:22; Ezek 30:24 compare Ps 10:15 trees (subject thunder) Ps 29:5 break in, down, door Gen 19:9 (J); rend violently (of lion), man 1Kgs 13:26, ass v1Kgs 13:28 wreck Tyre (as ship) Ezek 27:26 figurative break pride Lev 26:19 (H); crush (figurative) Isa 14:25 (compare Jer 48:28 above), Lam 1:15; Dan 11:26 ׳מִשְׁנֶה שִׁבָּרוֺן שׁ Jer 17:18 break, rupture, heart (figurative) Ps 69:21+ Ezek 6:9 (see Niph`al near the end), שְׁבוּרֵי לֵב Ps 147:3 וָאֶשְׁבֹּר עָלָיו חֻקִּי Job 38:10 broke for it my boundary, of sea, reference to abrupt ending of mainland; = quench thirst (frangere sitim) Ps 104:11. Niph`al₅₇ Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁבַּר Exod 22:9 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁבֵר Lev 6:21 +, 3 feminine singular וְתִשָּׁ֫בֶר Eccl 12:6, 2 masculine singular תִּשָּׁבֵר Ezek 29:7, שַבר- Ezek 32:28, etc.; Infinitive construct הִשָּׁבֵר Jonah 1:4 Participle נִשְׁבָּר Ps 51:19, feminine singular נִשְׁבָּרָה vPs 51:19, נִשְׁבֶּ֫רֵת Ezek 27:34 +, etc.; — be broken, of neck 1Sam 4:18, bones Ps 34:21, gate-bars Jer 51:30, rod (in figurative) Isa 14:21; Jer 48:17, idols Ezek 6:4; Ezek 6:6, horn Dan 8:8, compare vDan 8:22, arm Job 31:22 (מִקָּנָה), and (in metaphor) Jer 48:25; Job 38:15; Ps 37:17, compare Ezek 30:22, bough Ezek 31:12; Isa 27:11, compare (figurative) of wickedness, like a tree Job 24:20, other things Ps 37:15; Jer 50:23; Ezek 29:7; Ps 124:7 cisterns Jer 2:13 (id.), pottery Lev 6:21; Lev 15:12 (P), Eccl 12:6 (in figurative); = be maimed, crippled (have limb broken), of animal Exod 22:9; Exod 22:13 (E), and (figurative) Ezek 34:4; Ezek 34:16; Zech 11:16, so (figurative of men stumbling) Isa 8:15; Isa 28:13 be wrecked, of ships 1Kgs 22:49 (read Qr נִשְׁבְּרוּ), || 2Chr 20:37; Jonah 1:4, metaphor of Tyre Ezek 27:34 figurative be crushed, destroyed (person, warriors, kingdoms, etc.), Jer 14:17; Jer 22:20; Jer 48:4; Jer 51:8 + 10 t.; figurative be broken, of heart Jer 23:9; Isa 61:1; Ps 34:19; Ps 51:19, compare ׳רוּחַ נִשׁ vPs 34:19. — Exod 6:9 read probably וְשָֽׁבַרְתִּ֫י (We Sm Berthol Toy Krae); Co בְּשָׁבְרִי. Pi`el₃₆ Perfect 3 masculine singular שִׁבַּר Isa 21:9 +, שִׁבֵּ֑ר Exod 9:25, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְשַׁבֵּר Ps 46:10 +, 2 masculine plural תְּשַׁבֵּר֑וּן Exod 34:13, etc.; Infinitive absolute שַׁבֵּר Exod 23:24 Participle מְשַׁבֵּר 1Kgs 19:11 — shatter, break, tablets Exod 32:19 (E), Exod 34:1 (J), Deut 9:17; Deut 10:2 מַצֵּבוֺת Exod 23:24 (E; + Infinitive absolute), Exod 34:13 (J) + 7 t.; images 2Kgs 11:18 + 3 t.; bronze sea, etc., 2Kgs 25:13 = Jer 52:17 horns Dan 8:7 jaws Job 29:17 (in figurative); of hail shattering tree Exod 9:25 (J), compare 1Kgs 19:11 elsewhere subject ׳י, shattering gate-bars, etc., weapons Isa 45:2; Isa 38:13; Lam 2:9; Lam 3:4; Ps 46:10; Ps 76:4; Ps 107:16, trees Ps 29:5; Ps 105:33, heads of תַּנִּינִים Ps 74:13 wrecking ship Ps 48:8. Hiph`il cause to break out, i.e. bring to the birth, Imperfect 1 singular הַאֲנִי אַשְׁבִּיר וְלֹא אוֺלִיד Isa 66:9 (׳י subject; compare מַשְׁבֵּר below). Hoph`al be broken, shattered (in heart), Perfect 1 singular עַלשֶֿׁבֶר בַּתעַֿמִּי הָשְׁבַּ֑רְתִּי Jer 8:21.

BDB8445 H7665

שָׁבוּר Lev 22:22 see √ Qal.

BDB9994 H7665 H8406

ת

[תְּבַר] verb break (ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew שָׁבַר); —

Pe`al Participle pass feminine singular תְּבִירָה Dan 2:42 broken in pieces (kingdom).

תְּדִירָא see דּוּר

broken, break, brake, destroyed, pieces, …

šābar

to burst (literally or figuratively)

to break, break in pieces

(Qal)

break, break in or down, rend violently, wreck, crush, quench

to be broken, be maimed, be crippled, be wrecked

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqrmsa

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H8104

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncmsc

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3605

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Ncfpc/Sp3ms

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6106

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Acfsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H259

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Pp3fp

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2007

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Tn

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3808

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar VNp3fs

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7665

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV