Psalms 68:25

קִדְּמ֣וּ שָׁ֭רִים אַחַ֣ר נֹגְנִ֑ים בְּת֥וֹךְ עֲ֝לָמ֗וֹת תּוֹפֵפֽוֹת
The singers went before, the players on instruments followed after; among them were the damsels playing with timbrels.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

קִדְּמ֣וּ
קִדְּמ֣וּ
Root word prevented, before, prevent, met, preventest, …
Dictionary form: קָדַם · kaw-DAHM

Verb — Piel, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural intensive — "he really / thoroughly did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: went before
prevent ×3 prevented me ×3 they prevented ×3 come before ×2 shall i come before ×2 before ×1 disappoint ×1 hath prevented ×1
More options
come before — Neutral, broad use for approaching or presenting oneself.
meet — Emphasizes an encounter or confrontation; relational contexts.
confront — Stronger tone; useful when opposition or urgency is implied.
anticipate — Captures the sense of acting ahead of time or forestalling.
go ahead of — Literal spatial sense; good for narrative or poetic movement.
forestall — Formal register; best when prevention or preemption is the focus.

BDB7304 H6923

BDB7303 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7305

[קָדַם] verb Pi`el denominative (Gerber130) come or be in front, meet; — קִדַּמְתִּי Jonah 4:2; Ps 119:147 3 plural קִדְּמוּ Deut 23:5 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יְקַדְּמֵנִי Ps 59:11 3 feminine singular suffix תְּקַדְּמֶךָּ Ps 88:14 1 singular אֲקַדֵּם Mic 6:6 Imperative masculine singular קַדְּמָה Mic 17:3 —

1. a. meet, confront (with hostility) with accusative of person 2Sam 22:6 (twice in verse).= Ps 18:6; Ps 18:9; Job 30:27, with accusative פָּנָיו Ps 17:13 of hostile approach to city (active) 2Kgs 19:32 = Isa 37:33 (+ adverb accusative).
  b. come to meet one (accusative) as friend, with (ב) something Isa 21:14; Deut 23:5; Neh 13:2, so, as worshippers (accusative of ׳י), Mic 6:6 (twice in verse); with accusative of person + of thing Ps 21:4, so Ps 59:11 Kt ᵐ5 ᵑ9 (accusative of person alone Qr), accusative of person alone Ps 79:8 accusative ׳י Ps 88:14, accusative פָּנָיו (of ׳י) Ps 95:2, compare חֶסֶד וֶאֱמֶת יְקַדְּמוּ פָנֶיךָ Ps 89:15 (namely, to join themselves to thee).
  c. meet, receive, accusative of person, Job 3:12.
2. a. go before, in front Ps 68:26.
  b. be in front, 1Sam 20:25 (read וַיְקַדֵּם for וַיָּקָם) ᵐ5 Ew Th We Dr and others
3. be beforehand, with ב temporal Ps 119:147 + infinitive construct Jonah 4:2 anticipate, forestall, with accusative of thing Ps 119:148.
Hiph`il 1. Imperfect 3 feminine singular תַּקְדִּים (We Now GASm תְּקַדֵּם) Amos 9:10 calamity . . . shall not come in front about us (בַּעֲדֵינוּ).
2. Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix הִקְדִּימַנִי Job 41:3 who has anticipated me [God]? ᵐ5 Me Bi Bu confronted me (reading וַיִּשְׁלָ֑ם for following וַאֲשַׁלֵּם); Du יְקַדְּמֶנּוּ confronted him (the crocodile).

BDB7310 H6917 H6923

BDB7309 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7311

קְדוּמִים noun [masculine] plural only ׳(נַחַל) ק Judg 5:21, meaning dubious; ᵐ5A proper name Καδησειμ, ᵐ5L Καδημειμ; ᵐ5B ἀρχαίων, so ᵑ7, AV ancient river (literally of antiquity), Bachm and others; Be and others of attack (compare קָדַם 1 a); see further GFM Bu Now CookEncy. Bib. 2683.

prevented, before, prevent, met, preventest, …
qādam
to project (one self), i.e., precede; hence, to anticipate, hasten, meet (usually for help)
  • to meet, come or be in front, confront, go before
    • (Piel)
      • to meet, confront, come to meet, receive
        • "to go before, go in front, be in front"to lead, be beforehand, anticipate, forestall
      (Hiphil)
      • to come in front
        • "to confront, anticipate

שָׁ֭רִים
שָׁ֭רִים
Root word singers, sing, sang, women, men, …
Dictionary form: שִׁיר · sheer

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine plural, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: the singers
sing ×12 and the singers ×10 i will sing ×9 the singers ×8 of the singers ×4 and singing women ×3 sang ×3 for singers ×2
More options
sing — Most versatile; fits narrative, poetry, and command contexts.
chant — Prefer for formal, liturgical, or ritual singing contexts.
make music — Broader; useful when singing blends with instrumentation.
song — Nominal use; when the lemma functions as a noun for the act or piece.
raise a song — Vivid phrase for celebratory or triumphant proclamation in song.
vocalist — For references to professional temple or court singers.

BDB8645 H7891

BDB8644 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8646

[שִׁיר]86 verb sing (denominative according to NöZMG xxxvii (1883), 537 Gerb172, but, if so, an old one); —

Qal49 Perfect 3 masculine singular שָׁר Ps 7:1 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָשִׁיר Exod 15:1; Num 21:17 (read יָשִׁר Job 33:27 for יָשִׁר, √II. שׁוּר, so SS Bu Gerber; in this sense also Ew De Di RV and all modern); 3 feminine singular וַתָּ֫שַׁר Judg 5:1, etc.; Imperative masculine plural שִׁירוּ Exod 15:21 +; Infinitive construct לָשׁוּר 1Sam 18:6 Kt ( < Qr לָשִׁיר, so Bu; ᵐ5B omitted, compare Dr KitKau HPS Now); Participle שָׁר Prov 25:20 plural שָׁרִים 2Sam 19:36 +; feminine שָׁרוֺת 2Sam 19:36 + 2 t. + Amos 8:3 (read for שִׁירוֺת; see שִׁירָה); — sing, with accusative שִׁיר Isa 42:10; Ps 33:3 + 5 t.; שִׁירָה Exod 15:1; Num 21:17 (E) Isa 5:1 בשׁרים ׳שׁ Prov 25:20 מִשִּׁיר שִׁיּוֺן Ps 137:3 שׁגיון Ps 7:1 (ᵐ5 מזמור), תהלה Ps 106:12 with accusative of theme Ps 59:17; Ps 89:2 absolute Judg 5:1; 1Sam 18:6 with לְ Ps 13:6; Ps 96:1; Ps 96:2 = 1Chr 16:23; Exod 15:1; Exod 15:21; Jer 20:13 || זמּר Ps 68:5; Ps 68:33; Ps 101:1; Ps 104:33; Ps 105:2 = 1Chr 16:9; Judg 5:3 + זמּר absolute Ps 57:8 = Ps 108:2 with accusative theme Ps 21:14 with לְ person Ps 27:6 of nature Ps 65:14 (after החְרוֺעֵעַ); על אנשׁים Job 33:27 (see above); participle שָׁרִים singers 2Sam 19:36; 1Kgs 10:12 + 6 t. (Ezek 40:44 read שְׁתַּיִם ᵐ5 Hi Co modern); שָׁרוֺת songstresses 2Sam 19:36; 2Chr 35:25; Eccl 2:8 + Amos 8:3 (see above). — Ps 138:5 read וְיָשִׂיחוּ. Po`l.36 Perfect 3 masculine plural שֹׁרְרוּ Job 36:24 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְשׁוֺרֵר Zeph 2:14 Participle מְשׁוֺרֵר 1Chr 6:18; 2Chr 29:28 plural מְשֹׁרְרִים Ezra 2:65 +, etc.; — sing: birds Zeph 2:14 men Job 36:24 elsewhere participle of Levitical singers 1Chr 6:18; 1Chr 9:33 + 31 t., + feminine plural Ezra 2:65 songstresses = Neh 7:67. Hoph`al be sung: Imperfect יוּשַׁר הַשִׁיר הַזֶּה Isa 26:1

singers, sing, sang, women, men, …
šîr
to sing
  • to sing
    • (Qal)
      • to sing
        • "singer, songstresses (participle)
      (Polel)
      • to sing
        • "singer, songstress (participle)
      (Hophal) to be sung

אַחַ֣ר
אַחַ֣ר
Preposition after, behind, afterward, following, followed, …
Dictionary form: אַחַר · ah-HAHR

Preposition

In the KJV here: followed after
after ×313 and after ×47 and afterward ×28 behind ×25 after that ×23 from following ×21 after him ×15 after them ×14
More options
after — Most versatile; suits temporal and sequential contexts.
behind — Prefer for spatial/positional contexts.
following — Good for pursuit or discipleship contexts.
afterward — Purely temporal; signals what comes next in narrative.
since — Use when marking a causal or temporal starting point.
from then on — Emphasizes ongoing continuation after a turning point.

BDB336 H310

BDB335 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB337

אַחַר properly substantive the hinder or following part (compare the plural)

1. adverb a. of place, behind, twice Gen 22:13 (many MSS. ⅏ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Ol Ew read אֶחָד see Di) Ps 68:26.
  b. of time, afterwards Gen 10:18; Gen 18:5; Gen 24:55; Gen 30:21; Judg 19:5 +; וְאַחַר in laws of P, as Lev 14:8; Lev 14:19; Lev 15:28; Lev 22:7; Num 5:26 and elsewhere
2. preposition a. of place, behind, after Exod 3:1; Exod 11:5; 2Kgs 11:6; Song 2:9; Isa 57:8: הָלַח אַחַר to go after, follow Gen 37:17; 2Kgs 13:2; 2Kgs 23:3; Isa 65:2; Ezek 13:3; Job 31:7 חָיָה אַחַר 1Sam 12:14 מֵאַחַר from after 2Sam 7:8; Ps 78:71; Isa 59:13.
  b. of time, after Gen 9:28; Lev 25:15 al; הָאֵלֶּה אַחַר הַדְּבָרִים after these things Gen 15:1; Gen 22:1; Gen 39:7; Gen 40:1; 1Kgs 17:17; 1Kgs 21:1; Ezra 7:1; Esth 2:1; Esth 3:1 אַחַר כֵּן Lev 14:36; Deut 21:13; 1Sam 10:5 אַחַר זֶה (late) 2Chr 32:9 followed by infinitive Num 6:19; Jer 40:1; 1Chr 2:24; Job 21:3 עַד אַחַר till after Neh 13:19.
  c. Neh 5:15 strangely: Ew RV besides; but text probably corrupt, see Be Ry.
3. conjunction אַחַר אֲשֶׁר after that Ezek 40:1 and without אשׁר Lev 14:43; Jer 41:16; Job 42:7. As preposition & conjunction the plural אַחֲרֵי is much more frequently, which in any case must be used before suffixes. Plural only construct אַחֲרֵי with suffix אַחֲרַי, אַחֲרֶיךָ, etc.
1. substantive hinder part 2Sam 2:23 בְּאַחֲרֵי הַחֲנִית with the hinder end of the spear.
2. preposition a. of place, behind, after Gen 18:10 וְהוּא אַחֲרָיו and it behind him Deut 11:30; Judg 5:14; 1Sam 14:13; 1Sam 21:10; Hos 5:8 אַחֲרֶיךָ Behind thee! (sc. Look or The foe is); with a verbas הִבִּיט to look Gen 19:17; 1Sam 24:9, הֵנִיעַ ראֹשׁ to shake the head 2Kgs 19:21 ( = Isa 37:22), especially verbs expressing or implying motion, as בָּא to enter in (see Dr 2Sam 20:14) בִּעֵר, דָּבֵק, דָּלַק, הָיָה, הָלַח, מִלֵּא, פָּנָה, רָדַף, הִשְׁלִיח (see these words).
  b. of time, after Gen 9:9 זַרְעֲכֶם אַחֲרֵיכֶם your seed after you; similarly Gen 17:7-10; Gen 17:19; Gen 35:12; Gen 48:4; Exod 28:43; Num 25:13 all P (also Deut 1:8; Deut 4:37; Deut 10:15; 1Sam 24:22; 2Sam 7:12 ||), & with בָּנָיו Gen 18:19 J ( + בֵּיתוֺ) Exod 29:29 P Lev 25:46 H Deut 4:40; Deut 12:25; Deut 12:28; Jer 32:18; Jer 32:39; 1Chr 28:8; Prov 20:7, דּוֺרוֺתֵינוּ Josh 22:27, בֵּיתוֺ Job 21:21; Exod 10:14; Judg 10:3 etc.; with infinitive Gen 5:4 אַחֲרֵי הוֺלִידֹוֺ after his begetting Sheth, Gen 13:14; Gen 14:17; Gen 18:12; Gen 25:11 + often; אַחֲרֵיכֵֿן afterwards Gen 6:4 (אחרי כן אשׁר = afterwards, when, compare 2Chr 35:20) Gen 15:14; Gen 23:18; Gen 25:26; Gen 32:21; Gen 41:31; Gen 45:15 etc.; ויהי אחריכֿן as a formula of transition chiefly in 2 Samuel (2Sam 2:1; 2Sam 8:1 || 2Sam 10:1 || 2Sam 13:1; 2Sam 21:18 ||) compare 1Sam 24:6; Judg 16:4; 2Kgs 6:24; 2Chr 20:1; 2Chr 24:4 ; in late Hebrew אַחֲרֵי זֹאת Job 42:16; Ezra 9:10; 2Chr 21:18 ( + כָּלֿ 2Chr 35:20 (do.); compare Aramaic אַחֲרֵי דְנָה Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45, and בָּאתַר דְּנָה Dan 7:6; Dan 7:7. — The local (metaphor) and temporal senses blend Ps 49:14 וְאַחֲרֵיהֶם בְּפִיהֶם יִרְצוּ & after them (i.e. following, imitating them) men applaud their speech, compare Job 21:33.
3. conjunction אַחֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר after that, with the finite verb Deut 24:4; Josh 7:8; Josh 9:16; Josh 23:1; Josh 24:20 +; without אשׁר Lev 25:48; 1Sam 5:9 . (The most common construction of אחרי is as a preposition with the infinitive construct) Josh 2:7 אַחֲרֵי כַּאֲשֶׁר יָ˜צְאוּ must be an error, either for אחרי אשׁר or for כאשׁר alone (notice אחריהם twice in the same verse); 2Sam 24:10 read אַחֲרֵי סָפַר see Dr.
4. with other prepositions: —
  a. מֵאַחֲרֵי57, 1Chr 17:7 מִןאַֿחֲרֵי (|| 2Sam 7:8 מֵאַחַר); (α) from behind Gen 19:26; 2Sam 2:23 from after i.e. from following after, usually with שׁוּב or סוּר 1Sam 24:2; 2Sam 2:22; 2Sam 2:26; 2Sam 2:30; 2Sam 11:15; Josh 22:16; Josh 22:18; Josh 22:23; Josh 22:29; 1Sam 15:11 +; with other verbs of motion, as עָלָה 1Sam 14:46; 2Sam 20:2, נַעֲלָה 2Sam 2:27, לָקַח Amos 7:15; 1Chr 17:7, זָנָה Hos 1:2 pregnantly Isa 30:21 thy ears shall hear a word מֵאַחֲרֶיךָ coming from behind thee, Jer 9:21 (that is נָפַל, see va) 1Sam 13:7 ᵐ5L We Dr חָֽרְדוּ מֵאַחֲרָיו (β) denoting position (מן = off, on the side of; see מן behind Exod 14:19 (twice in verse); Josh 8:2; Josh 8:4; Josh 8:14; 1Kgs 10:19; Neh 4:7 (מֵאַחֲרֵי לְ) 2Chr 13:13 b, (γ) of time (rare) Deut 29:21; Eccl 10:14 מֵאַחֲרֵי כֵן 2Sam 3:28; 2Sam 15:1; 2Chr 32:23.
  b. אֶלאַֿחֲרֵי 2Sam 5:23; 2Kgs 9:18 סֹב אֶלאַֿחֲרַי v2Kgs 9:19; Zech 6:6.
  c. עַלאַֿחֲרֵי Ezek 41:15 beside, at the back of.

BDB337 H310

BDB336 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB338

אַחֲרַי adjective Prov 28:23 (si vera lectio)

BDB3524 H310 H3186

BDB3523 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3525

(ו)ייחר Kt 2Sam 20:5 (Qr וַיּ֫וֺחֶר) see אחר above and Drsm.

BDB9289 H311 H310 H870

BDB9288 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9290

[אחר] plural with אַחֲרֵי, preposition after (Cappadocian and Egyptian Aramaic אחר afterwards (LzbEph.i. 361 S-Cpap C 8), probably Nabataean אחר after (Lzb212 SAC16); Egyptian Aramaic אחריכם (S-CPap. c 8+); ᵑ7 (sometimes) אֲחוֺרֵי; Biblical Hebrew אַחַר); — אַחֲרֵי דְנָה after this Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45 with suffix אַחֲרֵיהֹן Dan 7:24. Usu. Aramaic synonym בָּאתַר, q. v.

after, behind, afterward, following, followed, …
ʾaḥar
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
  • after the following part, behind (of place), hinder, afterwards (of time)
    • as an adverb
      • behind (of place)
        • "afterwards (of time)
      as a preposition
      • behind, after (of place)
        • "after (of time)"besides
      after that"as a substantive
      • hinder part
      with other prepositions
      • from behind
        • "from following after

נֹגְנִ֑ים
נֹגְנִ֑ים
Root word played, play, minstrel, instruments, melody, …
Dictionary form: נָגַן · naw-ɡAHN

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, masculine plural, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: the players on instruments
played ×3 and played ×1 in playing ×1 me a minstrel ×1 melody ×1 on an instrument ×1 play ×1 player ×1
More options
play — Most general; suits any musical performance context.
play a stringed instrument — Clarifies the specific instrumental association of this verb.
perform — Slightly formal; good for liturgical or ceremonial settings.
make music — Broader, expressive; works well in poetic passages.
strum — Vivid and concrete; best when a plucked string instrument is implied.
musician — For nominal uses where a player or minstrel is in view.

BDB4973 H5059

BDB4972 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4974

[נָגַּן] verb touch (strings), play a stringed instrument (Late Hebrew Pi`el; Aramaic נְגַן Pa`el); —

Qal Participle נֹגְנִים Ps 68:26 players (|| שָׁרִים, עֲלָמוֺת תּוֺפֵפוֺת). Pi`el Perfect וְנִגֵּן 1Sam 16:16 (consecutive), v1Sam 16:23 Imperfect 1 plural נְנַגֵּן Isa 38:20 Infinitive construct נַגֵּן 1Sam 16:17 + 5 t.; Participle מְנַגֵּן 1Sam 16:16 + 4 t.; — play בַּכִנּוֺר 1Sam 16:16 בְּיָדוֺ v1Sam 16:16 v1Sam 16:23 (כִּנּוֺר in context), 1Sam 18:10; 1Sam 19:9 with accusative of cognate meaning Isa 38:20 in simile מֵטִב נַגֵּן Ezek 33:32 (|| שִׁיר עֲגָבִים יְפֵהקֿוֺל); אִישׁ ׳מֵיטִיב לְנ 1Sam 16:17, compare Ps 33:3; Isa 23:16 (both || שִׁיר), ׳יָדַע נ 1Sam 16:18 also 2Kgs 3:15 Participle = player, minstrel (compare Qal) 2Kgs 3:15 (twice in verse); compare also אִישׁ יֹדֵעַ מְנַגֵּן בַכִנּוֺר 1Sam 16:16 (Ges«GKC:120b»§ 120b).

played, play, minstrel, instruments, melody, …
nāgan
properly, to thrum, i.e., beat a tune with the fingers; expectation. to play on a stringed instrument; hence (generally), to make music
  • to play or strike strings, play a stringed instrument
    • (Qal)
      • player (participle)
      (Piel)
      • to play
        • player, minstrel (participle)

בְּ ת֥וֹךְ
בְּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
ת֥וֹךְ
Root word midst, among, within, in, middle, …
Dictionary form: תָּוֶךְ · taw-WEK

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: among
in the midst ×97 among ×71 the midst ×22 out of the midst ×21 from among ×20 within ×19 among them ×12 in ×7
More options
middle — Best for spatial or physical center of something.
midst — Modernized KJV form; natural in literary or formal contexts.
among — Preferred when referring to a group of people or things.
center — Good for geographic or structural centerpoints.
within — Use when emphasizing interior location or containment.
heart — Vivid idiom for the deep or innermost part of something.

BDB9124 H8432

BDB9123 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9125

תָּ֫וֶךְ418 substantive midst (Late Hebrew id., also denominative תִּוֵּוךְ; √ unknown; not apparently in cognate languages); — absolute תָּ֫וֶךְ Gen 15:10 +; construct תּוֺךְ Gen 1:6 +; תּוֺכִי, תּוֺכוֺ, etc., 2 feminine singular תּוֺכֵּ֫ כִי Ps 116:19; Ps 135:9, תּוֺכֹה Ezek 48:15; Ezek 48:21, תּוֺכֲכֶם Gen 23:9 +, תּוֺכָ֫הְנָה Ezek 16:53 (Ges«GKC:91f»§ 91f); — midst, whether of a space or place, a number of people or things, or of a linE: absolute Judg 16:29 עַמּוּדֵי הַתָּוֶךְ = the middle columns, Jer 39:3 ׳שַׁעַר הַתּ, בַּתָּוֶךְ Gen 15:10 וַיְבַתֵּר ׳אֹתָם בַּתּ, Num 35:5 וְהָעִיר בַּתָּוֶךְ, Josh 8:22; Judg 15:4; Isa 66:17 אַחַר אֶחָד בַּתָּוֶךְ; construct 1Kgs 8:54 קִדַּשׁ הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶתֿ תּוֺךְ הֶחָצֵר, Ezek 15:4 וְתוֺכוֺ נָחָר; usually with preposition, as בְּ (often = an emphasis in, in the very heart and midst of), Gen 1:6 בְּתוֺךְ הַמַּיִם, Gen 2:9 הַגָּן ׳בְּת, Gen 9:21 אָהֳהֹ ׳בְּת, Gen 18:24 הָעִיר ׳בְּת, Gen 37:7 הַשָּׁדֶה ׳בְּת, Exod 11:4 אני יוצא מצרים ׳בת, Exod 39:3, Josh 8:9 הָעָם ׳בְּת, Judg 7:16 הַכַּ דִּים ׳בת, 1Kgs 3:20 הַלַּיְלָה ׳בְּת; בְּתוֺכָהּ (of land or city) Num 13:32; Isa 7:6, etc.; in Ezekiel בְּתוֺכֵךְ, בְּתוֺכָהּ, etc., of sins done, or judgment to be wrought, in the very midst of Jerusalem, Ezek 5:8; Ezek 5:10; Ezek 9:4; Ezek 22:3; Ezek 22:7; Ezek 22:9; Ezek 22:13 +; מֵעַי ׳בְּת Ps 22:15; Ps 40:9 מֵעָ֫י ׳תּוֺרָֽתְךָ בְּת, לִבִּי ׳בְּת vPs 22:11, compare Prov 4:21 after verbs of motion, = into Exod 14:27; 1Sam 9:14, = through Exod 14:29; Num 33:8; Ezek 9:4; Neh 9:11 of a number of persons = among (not nEcess. of the actual middle), Gen 40:20 עֲבָדָיו ׳בְּת, בְּתוֺכְנוּ Gen 23:6, בְּתוֺכָם 1Sam 10:10; Job 1:6, etc., הַגָּר בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Lev 17:8; Lev 17:10; Lev 17:13 +; = between (of things arranged by twos) Exod 39:25 in P often (12 t.) of the divinE presence, or dwelling, in the midst of Israel, Exod 25:8; Exod 29:45; Exod 29:46; Lev 15:31; Lev 16:16 + (CarpenterHex. i. 209, ed. 2, 410; J E D in such cases have always קֶרֶב), so Ezek 37:26; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 43:7; Ezek 43:9, compare Hag 2:5 מִן, as Gen 19:29 מִתּוֺךְ הַהֲפֵכָה, Exod 3:2 ׳מִתּ הַסְּנֶה, Exod 33:11 הָאֹהֶל ׳לאֹ יָמִישׁ מִתּ, Deut 4:12 + הָאֵשׁ ׳מִתּ, 1Sam 15:6 עֲמָלֵק ׳רְדוּ מִתּ; = from among, as to take, separate, etc., מִתּוֺכָם, הָעָם ׳מִתּ, etc., Exod 7:5; Exod 28:1; Num 3:12; Num 4:2; Num 4:18; Num 16:21; Num 16:33; Num 17:10; Num 19:20 (all P) +; אֶל, as Exod 14:23 ויבאואֶ֗֗֗לאתּוֺךְ הַיָּם, Lev 11:33; Num 17:12 וַיָּרָץ הַקָּהָל ׳אֶלאתּ, Num 19:6; Deut 21:12 בֵּיתֶ֫ךָ ׳וַהֲבֵאתָהּ אֶלאתּ, Deut 22:2; Deut 23:11; 2Sam 3:27; 2Sam 4:6; Jer 21:4 +; מֵעַל Ezek 11:23. — תוך is used by most writers, occurring approximately 8-10 times in many books, but is especially frequent in P (c. 106 t,) and Ezekiel (116 t.). synonym קֶרֶב, q. v.

midst, among, within, in, middle, …
tāwek
a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center
  • midst, middle
    • midst, middle
      • "into, through (after verbs of motion)"among (of a number of persons)"between (of things arranged by twos)"from among (as to take or separate etc)

עֲ֝לָמ֗וֹת
עֲ֝לָמ֗וֹת
Root word maid, virgin, virgins, damsels
Dictionary form: עַלְמָה · al-MAW

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: them were the damsels
a virgin ×1 and the maid ×1 and virgins ×1 do the virgins ×1 that when the virgin ×1 them were the damsels ×1 with a maid ×1
More options
young woman — Most accurate, neutral; preferred in modern scholarly translations.
maiden — Slightly poetic; good for literary or elevated prose contexts.
girl — Casual register; suits informal or narrative passages.
virgin — Use only when context strongly implies sexual purity.
young bride — Use when marriage or betrothal context is explicit.
adolescent girl — Emphasizes age over status; useful in explanatory translations.

BDB6116 H5959 H5961 H4192

BDB6115 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6117

עַלְמָה noun feminine young woman (ripe sexually; maid or newly married); — ׳ע Gen 24:43 (J), Exod 2:8 (E), Prov 30:19; Isa 7:14 plural עֲלָמוֺת Ps 68:26; Song 1:3; Song 6:8 עַלעֲֿלָמוֺת to (the voice of) young women, either literally, or of soprano or falsetto of boys: 1Chr 15:20; Ps 9:1 (read עַלעֲֿלָמוֺת לַבֵּן [for עַלמֿוּת לַבֵּן], 'voce virginea a pueris decantandum,' Thes), Ps 46:1; Ps 48:15 (read עַלעֲֿלָמוֺת [for עַלמֿוּת]; translated probably to Ps 49:1).

maid, virgin, virgins, damsels
ʿalmâ
a lass (as veiled or private)
  • virgin

תּוֹפֵפֽוֹת
תּוֹפֵפֽוֹת
Root word tabering, timbrels
Dictionary form: תָּפַף · taw-PAHP

Verb — Qal, Participle Active, feminine plural, absolute state simple action — "he did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: playing with timbrels
playing with timbrels ×1 tabering ×1
More options
beat a tambourine — Most natural modern equivalent; tambourine is widely recognized.
drum — Broader, vivid verb; good when instrument need not be specified.
play a hand drum — Accurate for percussion context; clarifies instrument type.
pound a drum — Emphasizes forceful, rhythmic striking; suits intense passages.
make music with a frame drum — Scholarly/technical; best in study Bibles or footnotes.

BDB9232 H8608

BDB9231 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9233

[תָּפַף] verb denominative sound the timbrel, beat; —

Qal Participle עֲלָמוֺת תֹּפֵפוֺת Ps 68:26 read Imperfect וַיָּ֫תָף 1Sam 21:14 ᵐ5 (see תוה). Po`el Participle מְתֹפְפֹת עַללִֿבֵהֶן כְּקוֺל יוֺנִים Nah 2:8 > Sta (after ᵐ5) מְצַפְצְפוֺת twittering.

tabering, timbrels
tāpap
to drum, i.e., play (as) on the tambourine
  • to play or sound the timbrel, beat, play upon, drum (on a timbrel or other object)
    • (Qal) playing (participle)
      • "(Poel) beating (participle)

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.
קִדְּמ֣וּ שָׁ֭רִים Dechi — a lesser break אַחַ֣ר נֹגְנִ֑ים Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here בְּת֥וֹךְ עֲ֝לָמ֗וֹת Revia Mugrash — a lesser break תּוֹפֵפֽוֹת Silluq — end of the verse

קִדְּמוּ שָׁרִים אַחַר נֹגְנִים בְּתוֹךְ עֲלָמוֹת תּוֹפֵפֽוֹת׃
25
The singers went before, the players on instruments followed after; among them were the damsels playing with timbrels.
Cross References

1 Chronicles 13:8

וְדָוִיד וְכָל-יִשְׂרָאֵל מְשַֽׂחֲקִים לִפְנֵי הָֽאֱלֹהִים בְּכָל-עֹז וּבְשִׁירִים וּבְכִנֹּרוֹת וּבִנְבָלִים וּבְתֻפִּים וּבִמְצִלְתַּיִם וּבַחֲצֹֽצְרֽוֹת׃
8
And David and all Israel played before God with all their might, and with singing, and with harps, and with psalteries, and with timbrels, and with cymbals, and with trumpets.

Judges 11:34

וַיָּבֹא יִפְתָּח הַמִּצְפָּה אֶל-בֵּיתוֹ וְהִנֵּה בִתּוֹ יֹצֵאת לִקְרָאתוֹ בְתֻפִּים וּבִמְחֹלוֹת וְרַק הִיא יְחִידָה אֵֽין-לוֹ מִמֶּנּוּ בֵּן אוֹ-בַֽת׃
34
And Jephthah came to Mizpeh unto his house, and, behold, his daughter came out to meet him with timbrels and with dances: and she was his only child; beside her he had neither son nor daughter.

Exodus 15:20

וַתִּקַּח מִרְיָם הַנְּבִיאָה אֲחוֹת אַֽהֲרֹן אֶת-הַתֹּף בְּיָדָהּ וַתֵּצֶאןָ כָֽל-הַנָּשִׁים אַֽחֲרֶיהָ בְּתֻפִּים וּבִמְחֹלֹֽת׃
20
And Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a timbrel in her hand; and all the women went out after her with timbrels and with dances.

Revelation 14:2

καὶ ἤκουσα φωνὴν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ὡς φωνὴν ὑδάτων πολλῶν καὶ ὡς φωνὴν βροντῆς μεγάλης καὶ φωνὴν ἤκουσα κιθαρῳδῶν κιθαριζόντων ἐν ταῖς κιθάραις αὐτῶν
2
And I heard a voice from heaven, as the voice of many waters, and as the voice of a great thunder: and I heard the voice of harpers harping with their harps:

Revelation 15:2

Καὶ εἶδον ὡς θάλασσαν ὑαλίνην μεμιγμένην πυρί καὶ τοὺς νικῶντας ἐκ τοῦ θηρίου καὶ ἐκ τῆς εἰκόνος αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐκ τοῦ χαράγματος αὐτοῦ ἐκ τοῦ ἀριθμοῦ τοῦ ὀνόματος αὐτοῦ ἑστῶτας ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν τὴν ὑαλίνην ἔχοντας κιθάρας τοῦ θεοῦ
2
And I saw as it were a sea of glass mingled with fire: and them that had gotten the victory over the beast, and over his image, and over his mark, and over the of number of his name, stand on the sea of glass, having the harps God.

1 Samuel 18:6

וַיְהִי בְּבוֹאָם בְּשׁוּב דָּוִד מֵֽהַכּוֹת אֶת-הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי וַתֵּצֶאנָה הַנָּשִׁים מִכָּל-עָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל ‫(לשור)‬ לָשִׁיר וְהַמְּחֹלוֹת לִקְרַאת שָׁאוּל הַמֶּלֶךְ בְּתֻפִּים בְּשִׂמְחָה וּבְשָֽׁלִשִֽׁים׃
6
And it came to pass as they came, when David was returned from the slaughter of the Philistine, that the women came out of all cities of Israel, singing and dancing, to meet king Saul, with tabrets, with joy, and with instruments of musick.

Psalms 87:7

וְשָׁרִים כְּחֹלְלִים כָּֽל-מַעְיָנַי בָּֽךְ׃
7
As well the singers as the players on instruments shall be there: all my springs are in thee.

Jeremiah 31:4

עוֹד אֶבְנֵךְ וְֽנִבְנֵית בְּתוּלַת יִשְׂרָאֵל עוֹד תַּעְדִּי תֻפַּיִךְ וְיָצָאת בִּמְחוֹל מְשַׂחֲקִֽים׃
4
Again I will build thee, and thou shalt be built, O virgin of Israel: thou shalt again be adorned with thy tabrets, and shalt go forth in the dances of them that make merry.

Psalms 150:3

הַֽלְלוּהוּ בְּתֵקַע שׁוֹפָר הַֽלְלוּהוּ בְּנֵבֶל וְכִנּֽוֹר׃
3
Praise him with the sound of the trumpet: praise him with the psaltery and harp.

Jeremiah 31:13

אָז תִּשְׂמַח בְּתוּלָה בְּמָחוֹל וּבַחֻרִים וּזְקֵנִים יַחְדָּו וְהָפַכְתִּי אֶבְלָם לְשָׂשׂוֹן וְנִחַמְתִּים וְשִׂמַּחְתִּים מִיגוֹנָֽם׃
13
Then shall the virgin rejoice in the dance, both young men and old together: for I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them, and make them rejoice from their sorrow.

Psalms 148:12

בַּחוּרִים וְגַם-בְּתוּלוֹת זְקֵנִים עִם-נְעָרִֽים׃
12
Both young men, and maidens; old men, and children:
Psalms 68:24
Read Psalms 68
Psalms 68:26