Ruth 1:5

וַיָּמֻ֥תוּ גַם שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מַחְל֣וֹן וְכִלְי֑וֹן וַתִּשָּׁאֵר֙ הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה מִשְּׁנֵ֥י יְלָדֶ֖יהָ וּמֵֽאִישָֽׁהּ
And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וַ יָּמוּתוּ
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יָּמוּתוּ
Root word die, died, dead, death, surely, …
Dictionary form: מוּת · moot

וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: died
die ×66 died ×63 be put to death ×33 shall die ×33 was dead ×28 and died ×26 and he died ×17 dead ×16
More options
die — Most direct rendering; suits most narrative and legal contexts.
perish — Slightly more elevated; good for poetic or lament passages.
be put to death — Use for judicial or commanded execution contexts.
be killed — Passive; fits violent or caused-death scenarios.
lose one's life — Idiomatic; natural in dialogue or reflective speech.
face death — Vivid; suits warnings or imminent-death situations.

BDB4561 H4191

BDB4560 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4562

מוּת verb die (Late Hebrew id. (rare); Assyrian mâtu DlHWB 395, Arabic , Ethiopic , Aramaic מוּת, מִית, ; Nabataean מות EutNab 14, 6; Zinjirli מת DHMSendsch. Glossary); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular מֵת Gen 42:38 +; 3 feminine singular מֵ֫תָה Gen 35:18 +; 2 masculine singular מַתֶּה Ezek 28:8 1 singular וָמַ֑תִּי Gen 19:19 3 masculine plural מֵ֫תוּ Gen 7:22 +; 1 plural מַתְנוּ Num 14:2; 2Kgs 7:4 מָ֑תְנוּ Num 14:9 +; Imperfect יָמוּת Gen 38:11 +; יָמֹ֑ת Deut 33:6 +; וַיָּ֫מָת Gen 11:28 +; 1 singular אָמוּת Gen 26:9 +; אָמֻת 2Sam 19:38 אָמוּ֫תָה Gen 46:30 3 masculine plural יָמ֫וּתוּ 1Sam 2:23 +; יְמֻתוּן Num 16:29 3 feminine plural תְּמוּתֶ֫נָה Ezek 13:19 (Ges«GKC:72»§ 72, 5) +; Imperative מֻת Deut 32:50; Job 2:9 Infinitive absolute מוֺת Gen 2:17 +; construct מוּת Gen 25:32 +; suffix מוּתִי 2Sam 19:1 מֻתָן 2Sam 20:3, etc.; Participle מֵת Gen 20:3 +; suffix מֵתִי Gen 23:4 +; feminine singular מֵתָה Gen 30:1; Zech 11:9 plural מֵתִים Exod 12:33 +; construct מֵתֵי Isa 22:2 +; suffix מֵתֶיךָ Isa 26:19 —
1. die, of natural or other causes:
  a. (1) of man, וַיִּגְוִע וַיָּמָת and he expired and died Gen 25:8 ( + בְּשֵׂיבֶה טוֺבָה, see below), vGen 25:17; Gen 35:29 (P); וַיָּמָת וַיִּקָּבֵר Judg 10:2; Judg 10:5; Judg 8:32; Judg 12:7; Judg 12:10; Judg 12:12; Judg 12:15; 2Sam 17:23 וימלך תַּחְתָּיו וימת and he died and — reigned in his stead Gen 36:33; Gen 36:34; Gen 36:35; Gen 36:36; Gen 36:37; Gen 36:38; Gen 36:39 (P), 2Sam 10:1 = 1Chr 19:1; 2Kgs 1:17; 2Kgs 8:15; 2Kgs 13:24; 1Chr 1:44; 1Chr 1:45; 1Chr 1:46; 1Chr 1:47; 1Chr 1:48; 1Chr 1:49; 1Chr 1:50 וימת בְּשֵׂיבָה טוֺבָה and he died in a good old age 1Chr 29:28 (+ Gen 25:8, see above); as the result of smiting הכה Exod 21:18; Exod 21:20; Exod 21:22 (E); + במלחמה Deut 20:5; Deut 20:6; Deut 20:7; 2Sam 19:11 בַּחֶרֶב Jer 11:22 ברעב vJer 11:22 מפני הדעב Jer 38:9 בְּדֶבֶר Jer 21:6 באבן Num 35:17; Num 35:23 (P); בַּמַּגֵּפָה Num 14:37; Num 17:14; Num 25:9 (P). (2) figurative of wisdom, תָּמוּת חָכְמָה עִמָּכֶם Job 12:22 of courage, וַיָּמָת לִבּוֺ בְּקִרְבּוֺ and his heart died within him 1Sam 25:37. — 2Sam 2:31 strike out מֵ֑תוּ We Dr Kit Bu, compare ᵐ5.
  b. of animals Lev 11:39 cattle Gen 33:13 (J), fish Exod 7:18 (E), frogs Exod 8:9 (J), lion Eccl 9:4, worm Isa 66:24 כֶּלֶב מֵת, dead dog (in proverb) 1Sam 24:15; 2Sam 9:8; 2Sam 16:9.
  c. a tree Job 14:8.
  d. זִבְחֵי מֵתִים Ps 106:28 sacrifices to the dead (idols).
2. die as a penalty = be put to death:
  a. by human authority Gen 42:20; Exod 10:28; Exod 21:14 (E), Gen 44:9; Josh 2:14 (J), Lev 20:20 (H), Num 35:12; Num 35:30 (twice in verse) (P), especially D, Deut 17:2; Deut 17:6; Deut 18:20; Deut 19:12; Deut 22:22; Deut 22:25; Deut 24:7; Judg 6:30; 1Sam 14:43; 1Sam 14:45 (twice in verse); 1Sam 19:24; Jer 38:24 מוֺת יָּמּוּת, die = be put to a violent death ( > AV RV surely die), 1Sam 14:39; 1Sam 14:44; 1Sam 22:16; 1Kgs 2:37; 1Kgs 2:42 (all Judaic), Jer 26:8, all of capital punishment; 2Kgs 8:10 (Ehpraimitic source) cf assassination; מוֺת יוּמַת be put to a violent death, in the codes of Exod 21:12; Exod 21:15; Exod 21:16; Exod 21:17; Exod 22:18 (E), Lev 20:2; Lev 20:9; Lev 20:10; Lev 20:11; Lev 20:12; Lev 20:13; Lev 20:15; Lev 20:16; Lev 20:27; Lev 24:16; Lev 24:17 (H), Exod 31:14; Exod 31:15; Num 15:35; Num 35:16; Num 35:17; Num 35:18; Num 35:21; Num 35:31; Lev 27:29 (P; never in D; D uses verb, either Qal or Hiph`il, without infinitive absolute); it is used in narratives Gen 26:11 (J), Exod 19:12 (E), Judg 21:5. ׳מ is preceded by רגם Num 15:36 (P), Deut 21:21; 1Kgs 12:18 = 2Chr 10:18; 1Kgs 21:13 סקל Deut 13:11; Deut 17:5; Deut 22:21; Deut 22:24; Deut 1:10; Deut 1:13; Deut 1:14; Deut 1:15 פגע 1Kgs 2:25; 1Kgs 2:46 רמס 2Kgs 7:17; 2Kgs 7:20 בְּיַד גֹּאֵל Josh 20:9 (P).
  b. inflicted by God, Gen 20:3; Gen 20:19; Josh 10:11 (E), Gen 3:3; Gen 38:11; Exod 11:5; Exod 12:36 (J), Exod 28:35; Exod 30:20 (twice in verse); Lev 8:35; Lev 10:2; Lev 10:6; Lev 10:7; Lev 10:9; Lev 16:1; Lev 16:2; Lev 16:13; Num 3:4; Num 4:19; Num 4:20; Num 14:35; Num 17:14; Num 17:28; Num 17:35; Num 18:3; Num 18:32; Num 26:11; Num 26:61 (P), Deut 5:22 (twice in verse); Deut 18:16; Judg 6:23; 1Sam 5:12; 1Sam 12:19; 1Sam 25:17; 1Sam 25:38; 1Sam 25:39; 2Sam 6:7; 2Sam 12:13; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 14:6 = 2Chr 25:4; 1Chr 24:2; 2Chr 13:20; 2Kgs 19:35 = Isa 37:36; Ezek 3:20; Ezek 18:4; Ezek 18:20; Ezek 18:21; Ezek 18:28; Ezek 33:15 מוֺת יָמוּת Gen 2:17; Gen 3:4 (J), Gen 20:7 (E), Judg 13:21; Judg 13:22; 2Sam 12:14; 2Sam 14:14; 2Kgs 1:4; 2Kgs 1:6; 2Kgs 1:16 (all Judaic), Num 26:65 (P), Ezek 3:18; Ezek 33:8; Ezek 33:14 מוֺת יוּמַת Ezek 18:13, ביד יהוה Exod 16:3 (P); בחטא Lev 22:9 (H), Num 27:3 (P), 2Kgs 14:6 = 2Chr 25:4 לשׂאת חטא למות Num 18:22 (P); בחטאת Ezek 3:20; Ezek 18:24 בטמאה Lev 15:21 (P); ביון Jer 31:30; Ezek 3:18; Ezek 3:19; Ezek 18:17; Ezek 18:18; Ezek 33:8; Ezek 33:9 לא ישׂאו עון זמתו Exod 28:43; Num 4:15 (P); בעול Ezek 18:26; Ezek 33:13; Ezek 33:18 על עול Ezek 18:26 במעל 1Chr 10:13.
  c. die, perish, of a nation by divine judgment, Moab Amos 2:2, Ephraim Hos 13:1 בית ישׂראל Ezek 18:31; Ezek 33:1.
  d. die prematurely, by neglect of wise moral conduct Prov 5:23; Prov 10:21; Prov 15:10; Prov 19:16; Prov 23:13 EC Prov 7:17. —

Note. On (לַבֵּן) עַלמֿוּת Ps 9:1; Ps 48:15 see עַלְמָה below II. עלם.

Po`lel. Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix מוֺתְתַנִי Jer 20:17 1 singular מֹתַתִּי 2Sam 1:16 Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יְמֹתְתֵהוּ 1Sam 17:51 3 feminine singular תְּמוֺתֵת Ps 34:22 1 singular suffix אֲמֹתְתֵהוּ 2Sam 1:10 Imperative suffix מוֺתְתֵנִי Judg 9:54 מֹתְתֵנִי 2Sam 1:9 infinitive מוֺתֵת Ps 109:16 Participle מְמוֺתֵת 1Sam 14:13 — kill, put to death, despetch (intensive), absolute 1Sam 14:13, elsewhere with accusative Judg 9:54; 1Sam 17:51; 2Sam 1:9; 2Sam 1:10; 2Sam 1:16; Jer 20:17; Ps 34:22; Ps 109:16.

Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הֵמִית Judg 16:30 +; suffix וֶהֱמִתָ֑נִי 2Sam 14:32 הֱמִיתָם Jer 41:8 3 feminine singular sf . הֱמִיתָ֑תְהוּ 2Chr 22:11 2 masculine singular הֵמַתָּה Num 14:15 1 singular suffix הֲמִיתִּיו (read הֲמִתִּיו) 1Sam 17:35 3 masculine plural הֵמִיתוּ 1Sam 30:2 +, etc.; Imperfect יָמִית Num 35:19 +; וַיָּ֫מֶת Gen 38:10 +; suffix יְמִיתֵהוּ 1Kgs 13:24 +; יְמִתֶנּוּ Num 35:19 +; Imperative suffix הֲמִיתֵנִי 1Sam 20:8 plural הָמִיתוּ 1Sam 22:17 Infinitive absolute הָמֵת 2Kgs 11:15 +; construct הָמִית Lev 20:4 +; Participle מֵמִית 1Sam 2:6 pl, מְמִיתִים 2Kgs 17:26; Job 33:22 מְמִתִים Jer 26:15 — kill, put to death

1. absolute Job 9:23, elsewhere with accusative, subject man,
  a. of killing men in personal combat, or in war, often preceded by הכּה smite Josh 10:26; Josh 11:17; Josh 17:50 +; of destroying a city 2Sam 20:19 (|| השׁחית v2Sam 20:20).
  b. by authority, especially in capital punishment Exod 1:16 (E), Lev 20:4 (H), Num 35:19 (twice in verse); Num 35:21 (P), Deut 9:10; Deut 17:7; Judg 20:13; 1Sam 11:12; 1Sam 28:9; 2Sam 14:7; 2Sam 14:32; 2Sam 21:4; 1Kgs 2:26; 1Kgs 2:34; 1Kgs 11:40; 1Kgs 19:17 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 14:6 = 2Chr 25:4; Isa 11:4; Jer 26:15; Jer 26:21; Jer 26:24; Jer 38:15; Jer 38:16; Jer 38:25; Esth 4:11 בַּחֶרֶב 1Kgs 1:51; 1Kgs 2:8; 2Kgs 11:20 = 2Chr 23:21 הָמֵת יָמִית Judg 15:13; 1Kgs 3:26; 1Kgs 3:27; Jer 26:19; Jer 38:15.
2. subject God, by inflicting penalty, absolute Deut 32:39; 1Sam 2:6; 2Kgs 5:7, elsewhere with accusative Gen 18:25; Gen 38:7; Gen 38:10; Exod 4:24; Num 14:15 (J), Deut 9:28; Judg 13:23; 1Sam 2:25; 1Sam 5:10; 1Sam 5:11; 1Chr 2:3; 1Chr 10:14; Isa 65:15; Hos 9:16 ברעב Isa 14:30 בצמא Hos 2:5 of killing fish Ps 105:29 מְמִיתִים Job 33:22 executioners, angels of death.
3. of animals killing men, e.g. ox Exod 21:29 (E), lion 1Kgs 13:24; 1Kgs 13:26; 2Kgs 17:26.
4. bring to a premature death Prov 19:18; Prov 21:25.

Hoph`al Perfect הוּמָ֑ת 2Kgs 11:2 +; 3 masculine plural הֻמְתוּ 2Sam 21:9 Imperfect יוּמַת Lev 20:10 +; יוּמָ֑ת Gen 26:11 +; Participle מוּמָת 1Sam 19:11, plural מוּמָתִים 2Kgs 11:2 (Qr), 2Chr 22:11 — be killed, put to death:

1. by conspiracy 2Kgs 11:2 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 22:11; 2Kgs 11:8; 2Kgs 11:15; 2Kgs 11:16; 2Chr 23:7; 2Chr 23:14.
2. by capital punishment Exod 21:29 (E), Exod 35:2; Num 1:15; Num 3:10; Num 3:38; Num 18:7 (P), Lev 19:20; Lev 24:16; Lev 24:21 (H), Deut 13:6; Deut 17:6 (twice in verse); Deut 21:22; Deut 24:16 (3 t. in verse) = 2Kgs 14:6 (twice in verse), Josh 1:18 (all D) Judg 6:31; 1Sam 11:13; 1Sam 19:6; 1Sam 19:11; 1Sam 20:32; 2Sam 19:22; 2Sam 19:23; 2Sam 21:9; 2Sam 1:24; 2Sam 2:13; , and the phrase מוֺת יוּמת (see Qal 2a).
3. by divine infliction, in the phrase מות יוּמת (see Qal 2b).
4. die prematurely Prov 19:16.

BDB9653 H4191 H4193

BDB9652 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9654

מוֺת noun [masculine] death (ᵑ7 Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew); — absolute Ezra 7:26.

מָזוֺן see זון.

die, died, dead, death, surely, …
mût
to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill
  • to die, kill, have one executed
    • (Qal)
      • to die
        • "to die (as penalty), be put to death"to die, perish (of a nation)"to die prematurely (by neglect of wise moral conduct)
      (Polel) to kill, put to death, dispatch"(Hiphil) to kill, put to death"(Hophal)
      • to be killed, be put to death
        • to die prematurely

גַם
גַם
Adverb also, yea, even, and, both, …
Dictionary form: גַּם · ɡahm

Adverb

In the KJV here: also
also ×287 and also ×60 yea ×51 and ×42 even ×38 both ×25 moreover ×21 likewise ×14
More options
also — Default additive use; broadly applicable in most contexts.
even — Use for emphasis or surprise; intensifies the following word.
too — Informal additive; natural at the end of a clause.
moreover — Adds a stronger, cumulative point; slightly formal register.
likewise — Signals parallel action or similarity between two parties.
indeed — Affirming or intensifying; suits emphatic or asseverative contexts.

BDB1688 H1571

BDB1687 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1689

גַּם768 adverb denoting addition, also, moreover, yea (Moabite id., also Zinjirli (Lzb250 Cooke166); probably akin to √ ; compare (accusative) in a mass, altogether) —

1. also, moreover, emphasizing sometimes the thought of an entire sentence, but more usually the word immediately following, as Gen 3:6 וַתִּתֵּן גַּם לְאִישָׁהּ and gave also to her husband, vGen 3:27 and take also of the tree of life, Gen 7:3; Gen 19:21; Gen 24:19; Gen 26:21; Gen 29:27; Gen 30:15; Gen 32:21 (גַּם הִגֵּה ֗֗֗ : so Esth 7:9) Gen 48:11; Exod 8:28; Exod 12:32b Deut 1:37; 1Sam 28:20; 2Sam 11:12; 2Kgs 9:27; Isa 7:13 +. Often before pronouns, Gen 4:4 וְהֶבֶל הֵבִיא גַם הוּא and Abel, he also brought, Gen 20:5 וְהִיאגַֿםהִֿוא (so only here) and she herself also, vGen 20:6; Gen 27:31 וַיַּעַשׂ גַּם הוּא, Gen 30:8; Deut 3:20; Judg 3:31; Judg 6:35; Judg 9:19; 1Sam 19:20-24; Jer 12:6; Jer 48:26 etc. (compare MI6 ויאמר גם הא): especially in genealogies of J (BuUrg. 220) Gen 4:22; Gen 4:26; Gen 10:21; Gen 19:38; Gen 22:20; Gen 22:24 compare Judg 8:31. גַּם followed by pronoun also begins a sentence with emphasis in an elevated style, thou (they) also, Isa 14:10; Jer 12:6 (twice in verse); Jer 48:7; Ezek 16:52; Nah 3:11 (twice in verse). After a pronoun in an oblique case (Ges«GKC:135»§ 135, 2) Gen 27:34; 1Sam 19:23; 2Sam 17:5; Jer 25:14; Jer 27:7 +. וְגַם and also (more often than גַּם alone attaching a sentence) Gen 6:4; Gen 14:16; Gen 15:14; Gen 17:16; Gen 20:12; Gen 24:14; Gen 24:46; Gen 30:6; Gen 37:7; Gen 38:24; Gen 42:28; Exod 2:19; Exod 3:9; Exod 4:14; Josh 7:11 (5 t.) 1Sam 4:17; 1Kgs 21:19 + often; with a negative = neither Exod 5:2; Exod 34:3 and elsewhere — גַּם ֗֗֗ גַּם (like et ... et) both ... and Gen 44:16; Gen 47:3; Gen 47:19; Num 18:3; Jer 51:12; Ps 49:3 +: גַּם ֗֗֗ גַּם ֗֗֗ גַּם Gen 24:25; Judg 8:22; Eccl 9:6: with a negative neither ... nor Num 23:25; 1Sam 20:27; 1Kgs 3:26, and (3 t.) Gen 43:8; Exod 4:10; 1Sam 28:6. So (but seldom) גַּםוְ֗֗֗גַם Gen 24:44; Gen 1:26; Gen 12:14; Gen 26:25: with negative 1Sam 21:9. —
N.B. In poetry independence and emphasis is sometimes given by גַּם to a new idea, where in English we should be satisfied with and: Ps 107:5; Ps 137:1; Job 24:19; Song 7:14; Lam 4:15.
2. with stress on a particular word, even, Exod 4:9; Num 22:33 גַּם אוֺתְךָ even thee I had slain, and kept her alive, 2Sam 17:10; Jer 2:33; Ps 132:12; Prov 14:13 even in laughter the heart is sorrowful, vProv 14:20; Prov 17:28; Prov 20:11; Ruth 2:15; Neh 3:35 and so often after כִּי, Deut 12:31 for even their sons they burn in the fire to their gods, 1Sam 22:17; Isa 26:12; Jer 6:11; Jer 12:6; Jer 14:5; Hos 9:12 כִּיגַֿםאֿוֺי לָהֶם for even woe is it to them when I depart from them; הֲגַם Gen 16:13; 1Sam 10:11; 1Sam 10:12 = 1Sam 19:24; 1Kgs 17:20; Ps 78:20; Job 41:1; Esth 7:8. Other cases: — 1Sam 24:12 רְאֵה גַּם רְאֵה see, yea see ! (but HupQu. Job vi. גַּם רָאֹה: compare below) Ps 118:11; Job 2:10 גַּם אֶתהַֿטּוֺב נְקַבֵּל shall we receive good (emphatic) from God and not evil ? Job 21:7 interposed once between a substantive and adjective Gen 20:4 gentemne etiam justam interficies? emphasizing כֹּל, Deut 28:61; Judg 9:49b 1Sam 22:7 גַּםֿ לְכֻלְּכֶם to all (emphatic) of you will he give ...? 2Sam 19:31 גַּם אֶתהַֿכֹּל יִקָּ֑ח yea, the whole let him take! Isa 26:12 אֶחָד 2Sam 17:12b and we will not leave גַּם אֶחָד ֗֗֗ even one (similarly v2Sam 17:13 b), Ps 14:3 (= Ps 53:4) אֵין גַּם אֶחָד; an infinitive or cognate accusative attached to a verb, Gen 31:15; Gen 46:4; Num 11:15; Num 16:13; 1Sam 1:6. גַּם שְׁנֵיהֶם literally even both i.e. the one as well as the other (German alle beide) is said idiomatically, Gen 27:45 (שְׁנֵיכֶם), Deut 22:22; Deut 23:19; 1Sam 25:43 (שְׁתֵּיהֶן), Prov 17:15; Prov 20:10; Prov 20:12; Ruth 1:5.
3. introducing a climax, yea, especially in a rhetorical style, Gen 27:33; Deut 23:3; Deut 23:4; Judg 5:4 (twice in verse); Isa 13:3; Isa 14:8; Isa 43:13 yea, from to-day I am the same, Isa 44:12 גַּם רָעֵב yea, he is hungry, and has no strength, Isa 47:3; Isa 48:8 (3 t. in verse); Isa 57:7; Jer 46:16; Jer 48:2; Jer 51:44; Hos 7:9; Ps 41:10; Ps 84:7; Ps 139:12; Isa 66:8 כִּיחָֿ֫לָה גַּםיָָֽֿלְדָה, צִיּוֺן אֶתבָּֿנֶיהָ, Jer 5:28; Jer 12:2; Ezek 24:5; Job 21:7; Song 8:1: emphasizing an extreme, or aggravated, case, yea, even, Isa 49:15 yea, these may forgot, Jer 8:17 yea, the stork knoweth, etc., Isa 23:12 גַּם שָׁם even there no rest shall be for thee (so Ps 139:10), Isa 49:25; Isa 57:6; Jer 23:11b; Mal 3:15; Ps 84:4.
4. expressing correspondence, especially in the matter of retribution (the גַּם correlativum), so frequently גַּם אֲנִי, גַּם אָנֹכִי I also (on my part): — Gen 20:6 I also [as well as thyself] know that thou hast done this innocently, Josh 24:18; Judg 2:21; 1Sam 1:28 (compare Dr) 1Sam 28:22 גַּם אַתָּה thou also (as I have done v1Sam 28:21), 2Sam 12:13 ׳י also [responding to thy confession] hath removed thy sin, 2Kgs 2:3; 2Kgs 2:5; Isa 31:2; Isa 66:3-4 (גם ֗֗֗ גם, emphasizing the action of both parties), Jer 2:36; Jer 4:12 now will I also [in correspondence with their deeds] speak judgments with them, Jer 7:11; Jer 51:49 (גם ֗֗֗ גם), Ezek 5:8; Ezek 5:11; Ezek 16:43 (וְגַם = therefore also), Ezek 23:35; Hos 4:6 because thou hast forgotten the direction of thy God, I also (on my part) will forget thy children, Ps 52:7 (thou lovest evil, etc.) גַּם אֵל יִתָּצְךָ God also (on his part) will pluck thee up, Ps 71:22; Ps 133:1; Prov 1:26; Job 7:11; Job 12:3; Job 16:4 so וְגַם Judg 2:3; Amos 4:6; Amos 4:7; Mic 6:13; Mal 2:9. In the apodosis (uncommon): Gen 13:16 if a man could number the dust of the earth, גַּם זַרְעֲךָ יִמָּנֶה thy seed also should be numbered, Jer 31:36; Jer 31:37; Jer 33:21; Jer 33:26; Zech 8:6. The correspondence is sometimes of the nature of a climax: Gen 27:33; Gen 30:8 I have wrestled, גַּם יָכֹלְתִּי (compare 1Kgs 22:22 וְגַם תּוּכָ֔ל, Jer 50:24), Isa 66:8.
5. connecting two ideas which express (or imply) a contradiction, גַּם acquires sometimes an adversative force (compare אַף 1 end), yet, but, though: Ps 95:9 they tried me, but also (Che) saw my work (namely of judgment), Ps 129:2; Jer 6:15 = Jer 8:12; Ezek 20:23; Eccl 4:8; Eccl 4:16; Eccl 5:18; Neh 6:1. So וְגַם Ezek 16:28; Ezek 20:15; Eccl 3:13; Eccl 6:7; Neh 5:8.
6. גַּם כִּי (with imperfect) yea, when Lam 3:8, even when Prov 22:6 yea though (stating an imagined case) Isa 1:15; Hos 8:10; Hos 9:16; Ps 23:4 (so גַּם אִם Eccl 8:17); also (is it) that Ruth 2:21 (see כִּי 1 d). כִּי גַם = for even (see above 2); = though even, although (conceding a fact) Eccl 4:14 (see De) Eccl 8:12.

also, yea, even, and, both, …
gam
properly, assemblage; used only adverbially also, even, yea, though; often repeated as correl. both...and
  • also, even, indeed, moreover, yea
    • also, moreover (giving emphasis)
      • "neither, neither...nor (with negative)"even (for stress)"indeed, yea (introducing climax)"also (of correspondence or retribution)"but, yet, though (adversative)"even, yea, yea though (with 'when' in hypothetical case)
    again, alike

שְׁנֵי הֶ֖ם
שְׁנֵי
Root word two, twelve, both, twelfth, second, …
הֶ֖ם
Suffix — pronoun their / them
Dictionary form: שְׁנַיִם · sheh-na-YIM

Adjective — Cardinal Number, masculine dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word; a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: both
two ×174 and two ×106 the two ×62 twelve ×34 both ×31 were twelve ×27 and the two ×23 and twelve ×15
More options
two — Standard cardinal number; fits virtually every context.
both — Use when referring to a pair already mentioned.
a pair — Emphasizes the twosome as a unit or set.
double — Prefer when quantity or amount is being doubled.
twice — Use for repetition or frequency, not counting objects.
twelve — Compound use; only when context indicates ten-plus-two.

BDB10007 H8145 H8147

BDB10006 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB10008

תנא (ᵑ7 Syriac; = Biblical Hebrew II. שָׁנָה, שְׁנַיִם, שֵׁנִי).

BDB8886 H8147

BDB8885 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8887

שְׁנַ֫יִם, שְׁתַּיִם (PhilippiZMG xlix (1895), 202 Ges«GKC:97b»§ 97b note):768 noun masculine and feminine dual two (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician אשנם (and ׳שנ second), Punic שנם Lzb380; Arabic ; Sabean תֿני HomChr 47, Aramaic תְּרֵין, (תִּנְיָנָא, second); Nabataean תרין, Palmyrene feminine תרתן, תרתיא, Lzb388; Assyrian šinâ; on etymology see √, and especially PhilippiZMG xxxii (1878), 21-98); —

masculine (with masculine noun) שְׁנַיִם Amos 3:3 +; construct שְׁנֵי Isa 7:16 +, suffix שְׁנֵיהֶם Gen 2:25 +, etc.; feminine (with feminine noun) שְׁתַּיִם Amos 4:8 +; construct שְׁתֵּי Gen 4:19, וּשְׁתֵּי Isa 7:21 +, etc., מִשְּׁתֵֿי Judg 16:28 (see GFM); suffixes see below (2 + 10 = 12, see below); Hexateuch chiefly P; — two:
1. no other number:
  a. usually construct before plural noun (צְמִידִים) שְׁנֵי Gen 24:22 + 19 t. + 2Sam 23:20 || 1Chr 11:22 (insert בְּנֵי ᵐ5 Th modern, otherwise RSSemitic i. 469, 2nd ed., 488); (נָשִׁים) שְׁתֵּי Gen 4:19 + 132 t., 1Sam 10:4 insert כִּכְּרוֺת Klo HPS Bu Now; Lev 16:21 read dual יָדָיו Qr, + Judg 16:28 (see above) + שְׁתֵּיאֵֿלֶּה Isa 47:9 both these things; before singular noun, שְׁנֵי Exod 16:22 (Ges«GKC:134e»§ 134e); suffix שְׁנֵיתֶם the two of them Gen 2:25 + 62 t., + Prov 24:22 (> their years ᵑ6 ᵑ7 De and others; probably corrupt, see Toy), שְׁנֵינוּ Gen 31:37 + 2 t., שְׁנֵיכֶם Gen 27:45 שְׁתֵּיהֶם (masculine suffix! Ges«GKC:135o»§ 135o) Ruth 1:19; Ruth 4:11, יֵ֯הֶן 1Sam 25:43; Ezek 23:13.
  b. absolute (1) שְׁנַ֫יִם (90 t.), before plural noun Judg 11:37 + 26 t.; after plural noun 2Sam 1:1; Exod 29:1+ 21 t. (usually P Chronicles), singular noun (collective) Gen 46:27; Num 7:17 + 11 t. Num 17 noun omitted Gen 7:2; Gen 44:27 + 26 t.; ׳שׁ ׳שׁ distributive Gen 7:9 +; ׳לִשׁ cut in two 2Kgs 3:25; Jer 34:18 = double amount Exod 22:3; Exod 22:6; Exod 22:8 (E); ׳פִּי שׁ Deut 21:17 double portion, + בְּרוּחֲךָ 2Kgs 2:9 in (of) thy spirit, + בָּהּ Zech 3:18 (2) שְׁתַּ֫יִם (55 t.) before plural noun 1Kgs 3:16 + 16 t.; after plural noun (usually P and late) 2Chr 24:3 + 9 t.; noun omitted, = two things Isa 51:19; Job 13:20; Prov 30:7 שְׁתַּיִם = twice 2Kgs 6:10; Job 40:5; Ps 62:12 (or as Prov 30:7), ׳בִּשׁ Job 33:14 either so, or in two ways RVm (see De); as ordinal בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְ 1Kgs 15:25 + 9 t., etc.; (3) as round number, שְׁנַיִם עֵצִים 1Kgs 17:12 a few sticks (German 'ein paar'), compare 2Kgs 9:32; Isa 17:6 שְׁתַּיִם שָׁלשׁ Amos 4:8, פַּעַם וּשְׁתָּ֑יִם Neh 13:20, compare Jer 3:14 אֶחָד מֵעִיר וּשְׁנַיִם מִמִּשְׁפָּחָה = a small number; Ezra 10:13 not for one or two days (but for many), 2Kgs 6:10.
2. twelve: with noun masculine שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר Gen 42:13 + 87 t., לִשְׁנֵי עָשָׂר Exod 28:21 + 4 t.; with noun feminine שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה Exod 24:4 + 34 t., שְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה Ezek 32:1; Ezek 32:17; Ezek 33:21 before plural noun Gen 17:20; Exod 15:27 +; after plural noun Num 7:84 (twice in verse) +; before singular noun Exod 28:21 +, Gen 14:4 (12 year) +, etc.; as ordinal, יוֺם בְּיוֺם שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר Num 7:78, בִּשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה Ezek 32:1 +, etc.
3. with larger number: 10 (etc.) + 2, 2Sam 8:5; Judg 10:3 + 56 t.; 2 + 10 (etc.) Num 1:35 (P), 2Chr 22:2 + 18 t. (Köii. 1. 215 ff. Ges«GKC:97f»§ 97f.); 200 + 2 + 30, 1Kgs 20:15 50 + 2 as ordinal 2Kgs 15:27 + 2 t.; compare 2 + 20, 1Chr 24:17.

two, twelve, both, twelfth, second, …
šĕnayim
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
  • two
    • two (the cardinal number)
      • two, both, double, twice
      second (the ordinal number)"in combination with other numbers"both (a dual number)

מַחְל֣וֹן
מַחְל֣וֹן
Root word a name — transliterate it ("And mahlon")
Dictionary form: מַחְלוֹן · ma-LONE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: and mahlon
and mahlon ×1 and mahlons ×1 mahlon ×1 of mahlon ×1
More options
Mahlon — Standard anglicized form; use in most contexts.
Machlon — Closer to Hebrew spelling; use in academic texts.
Mahlon's — Possessive form when indicating belonging or association.

BDB4592 H4248

BDB4591 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4593

מַחְלוֺן proper name, masculine son of Elimelech and Naomi, first husband of Ruth, Ruth 1:2; Ruth 1:5; Ruth 4:9; Ruth 4:10, ᵐ5 Μααλων.

mahlon, mahlons
maḥlôn
sick
Machlon, an Israelite
  • son of Elimelech by Naomi and first husband of Ruth

וְ כִלְי֑וֹן
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
כִלְי֑וֹן
Root word a name — transliterate it ("And chilion")
Dictionary form: כִּלְיוֹן · kil-YONE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: and chilion
and chilion ×2 was chilions ×1
More options
Kilyon — Standard modern transliteration; use in formal translations.
Chilion — Traditional English spelling; widely recognized in Bible contexts.
Kilion — Simplified phonetic spelling for contemporary readers.

BDB4024 H3630

BDB4023 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4025

כִּלְיוֺן proper name, masculine one of Naomi's sons Ruth 1:2; Ruth 1:5; Ruth 4:9, ᵐ5 Κελαιων, Ξελαιων, Ξελεων, ᵐ5L Ξελλαιων (on etymology compare Jerome; see LagOnom. ed. 2, 62, 5).

chilion, chilions
kilyôn
pining
Kiljon, an Israelite
  • an Ephraimite and son of Elimelech by Naomi and the deceased husband of Ruth (or maybe deceased husband of Orpah)

וַ תִּשָּׁאֵר֙
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
תִּשָּׁאֵר֙
Root word left, remained, remain, leave, remaineth, …
Dictionary form: שָׁאַר · shaw-AR

וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Niphal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person feminine singular passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "she (or it)"

In the KJV here: was left
left ×15 that remain ×7 that remained ×7 remained ×6 was left ×6 are left ×5 leave ×5 he left ×4
More options
remain — Most neutral and broadly applicable modern rendering.
be left — Emphasizes result of reduction or loss; passive contexts.
survive — Ideal when remnant endures judgment, disaster, or war.
leave behind — Active voice; someone deliberately leaves a portion.
be left over — Fits surplus or excess contexts, e.g. food or goods.
spare — When a person or thing is intentionally preserved or excepted.

BDB8381 H7604 H7605

BDB8380 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8382

I. שָׁאַר verb remain, be left over (Synonym יָתַר (Late Hebrew id.; ᵑ7 שְׁאַר; Sabean סאר remaining HomChr 124; Arabic , be left over, Lane, compare Lane, compare LagGGN 1889, 297; Old Aramaic שאר remainder, Nabataean שארית, see Lzb371 SAC110); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ 1Sam 16:11 the youngest still remains. Niph`al93 Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁאַר Gen 47:18 +; 3 feminine singularנִשְׁאֲרָה Josh 13:1; Dan 10:8, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁאֵר Isa 11:11; Isa 11:16, וַיִּשּׁ֫אֶר Gen 7:23, etc.; ,Participle נִשְׁאָר Gen 32:9 +, וְנֵאשֲׁאַר Ezek 9:8 (read וְנִשְׁאָר Hi Toy Krae, וָאֶשָּׁ֫אֶר Sm; strike out ᵐ5 Hi Co Siegf Berthol); feminine נִשְׁאָרָה 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31, נִשְׁאֶ֫רֶת Exod 10:5; 2Chr 30:6, נִשְׁאָ֫רֶת Josh 13:2, etc.; —
1. be left over (sometimes ||) Exod 8:27; Exod 10:19; Exod 14:28 (all J), Josh 11:22 (D), Judg 7:3; 2Sam 14:7 +; in restrictive clause זוּלַת ׳לא נ 2Kgs 24:14 there were left only, etc.,׳אדֹנִי בִּלְתִּי אִם וגו Gen 47:18 (J); followed by accusative adverb (Ges«GKC:118q»§ 118q), or appositive, Deut 4:27; Ezra 9:15, compare בִּמְתֵי מְעָ֑ט ׳נ Deut 28:62 (Ges«GKC:119i»§ 119i); sometimes with ב location Exod 8:5; Exod 8:7 (J), Jer 38:22 +; with אֵת (preposition local) Josh 23:7; Josh 23:12 (D); with מִן = be left from (of) Exod 10:5 (J), Deut 3:11; Josh 13:12 (D), Isa 11:11; Isa 11:16; Jer 8:3a (participle; vb strike out {abbrev}הַנּ ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Hi Gf Gie Co), Neh 1:2; Neh 1:3,מְעַט מֵהַרְבֵּה ׳נ Jer 42:2 with לְ to or for, 2Kgs 10:11; 2Kgs 10:17 (participle), Zech 9:7; 2Chr 21:17, לָכֶם מִןהַֿבָּרָד ׳הַנּ Exod 10:5, compare 2Chr 30:6 and (ב location for ל) Jer 21:7 with בְּ in, among, of, 1Sam 11:11; Isa 17:6; Jer 34:7; Jer 37:10; Lev 26:36; Lev 26:39 (H; participle), Lev 25:52 (P; of years), even בַּדָּם ׳הַנּ Lev 5:9 (P) the rest of the blood; with לְַ 1Sam 5:4 with infinitive לְרִשְׁתָּהּ ׳נ Josh 13:1 (D); = be left alive, survive, Gen 7:23 (J), Ezek 9:8 (but on text see above); ׳הַנּ = the survivors, Gen 14:10; 1Sam 11:11; Ezek 17:21 participle as technical term = the (purified) remainder, remnant (compare שְׁאָר, שְׁאֵרִית) Isa 4:3 (ב location; ||), 2Chr 34:21 (ב location). — ׳הַנּ 1Sam 9:24 is dubious; what is left over, in polite depreciation, Bu; read הַשְּׁאֵר HPS.
2. be left behind, Exod 10:26 (E), Num 11:26 (JE); with לְבַדּוֺ Gen 42:38 (J), compare Isa 49:21; Dan 10:8 of widow Ruth 1:3 + מִן of the dead vRuth 1:5. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singularהִשְׁאִיר Exod 10:12 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַשְׁאִיר Deut 28:51, 1 plural נַשְׁאֵר 1Sam 14:36 (Ges«GKC:48g»§ 48g; «GKC:109d»109d Köp. 466 f.), etc.; Infinitive construct הַשְׁאִיר Ezra 9:8, see also below; —
1. leave over, spare, with accusative Exod 10:12(E), 2Kgs 25:22; Jer 49:9 = Obad 1:5; Josh 11:14 (D), Judg 6:4 ׳אֶסְלַח לַאֲשֶׁר אַשׁ Jer 50:20 especially שָׂרִיד ׳לֹא הִשׁ leave no survivor, Josh 10:28, cf vJosh 10:30 vJosh 10:37 vJosh 10:39 vJosh 10:40 (all D), so ׳שׂ ׳דְַבִּֿלְתִּי הִשׁ (sometimes with ל person) Num 21:35(E) = Deut 3:3, compare Deut 2:34; Josh 8:22; Josh 11:8 (both J E), Josh 10:33(D), 2Kgs 10:11, and מִבְּלִי לוֺ כֹּ֑ל ׳הִשׁDeut 28:55 (in all these read Infinitive construct ׳הַשׁ, see DrDeut 3:3; Deut 7:24); with ב, among, of, 1Sam 14:36, ב location 1Kgs 19:18; Zeph 3:12 (in both of preserving a pious remnant, compare שְׁאָר, שְׁאֵרִית), also 2Kgs 3:25 (Bur reads בָּנֶיהָ for אֲבָנֶיהָ, Kit אֲנָשִׁים, compare Klo Benz); with לְ person Deut 28:51; 1Kgs 15:29; 1Kgs 16:11; 2Kgs 13:7; Ezra 9:8 with מִן, from, of, 2Kgs 10:14, מִן particle 1Sam 25:22; 2Kgs 25:12 = Jer 52:16; Jer 39:10.
2., leave or keep over (מִן particle) till morning Num 9:12 (P).
3. מֵאָה ׳תַּשׁ Amos 5:3 the city shall have 100 left, compare vAmos 5:3.
4. leave as a gift, אַחֲרָיו בְּרָכָה ׳וְהִשׁ Joel 2:14. — We Now read וַיַּשְׁאֵר Mal 2:15, see שְׁאָר. below

left, remained, remain, leave, remaineth, …
šāʾar
properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant
  • to remain, be left over, be left behind
    • (Qal) to remain
      • "(Niphal)
      • to be left over, be left alive, survive
        • remainder, remnant (participle)
        to be left behind
      (Hiphil)
      • to leave over, spare
        • "to leave or keep over"to have left"to leave (as a gift)

הָֽ אִשָּׁ֔ה
הָֽ
Prefix — article the
אִשָּׁ֔ה
Root word wife, woman, wives, women, one, …
Dictionary form: אִשָּׁה · ish-SHAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: of them and the woman
wife ×73 woman ×55 his wife ×53 the woman ×44 wives ×40 to wife ×35 a woman ×29 the women ×28
More options
woman — Broadest rendering; prefer when no marital relationship implied.
wife — Use when a specific marital bond is in view.
female — Emphasizes sex/gender contrast; good in legal or biological contexts.
women — Plural contexts; collective or group references.
each one — Distributive idiom; use in 'each woman/one' constructions.
bride — Nuanced option for betrothal or covenant-entry passages.

BDB612 H802

BDB611 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB613

אִשָּׁה775 noun feminine woman, wife, female (Arabic , Sabean אנתֿת etc. DHMZK 1884, 360, Aramaic אִתְּתָא, אִנְתְּתָא, אִתָּא, , Palmyrene, Nabataean אנתתא, Ethiopic Phoenician אשת, Assyrian aššatu COTGloss) — ׳א absolute Gen 2:33 +; construct אֵשֶׁת Gen 11:29 + (apparently absolute Deut 21:11; 1Sam 28:7; Ps 58:9 but compare Bö§ 728 Ges«GKC:130»§ 130. 5); suffix אִשְׁתִּי Gen 20:11 +; אִשְׁתְּךָ Gen 12:18 + (אֶשְׁתְּךָ Ps 128:3), etc.; Plural אִשֹּׁת Ezek 23:44 (Co לעשׂות); נָשִׁים Gen 4:19 +; construct נְשֵׁי Gen 4:23 +; suffix נָשַׁי Gen 30:26; 1Kgs 20:7 נְשֵׁיכֶם Exod 22:23 +, etc.; —

1. woman Gen 3:1; Gen 3:2; Gen 12:11 +; opposed to man Gen 2:22; Gen 2:23; Exod 35:29; Exod 36:6; Deut 7:2; Deut 7:5; Deut 22:22; 1Sam 21:5 +; ׳א emphatic a genuine (or ideal) woman Eccl 7:28 (|| אדם); simile of men as feeble, timid Jer 50:37; Jer 51:30 note especially הַטַּף בַּנָּשִׁים the children among the women, female children Num 31:18 (P); as conceiving Exod 2:2; Lev 12:2; 2Sam 11:5 +; travailing Jer 13:21 bearing children Judg 13:24; 1Kgs 3:18 compare Job 14:1; Job 15:14; Job 25:4 +, etc.; suckling Isa 49:15 אֹרַח כַּנָּשִׁים Gen 18:11 דֶּרֶח נָשִׁים Gen 31:35 with adjective, or app., מֵינֶקֶת׳א nursing woman, nurse Exod 2:7 זוֺנָה ׳א harlot Josh 2:1; Josh 6:22; Judg 11:1; Judg 16:1; 1Kgs 3:16; Prov 6:26; Jer 3:3; Ezek 16:30; Ezek 23:44 so זָרָה ׳א Prov 2:16; Prov 7:5 compare also Ezek 23:44 above; מְנָאָ֑פֶת ׳א adulteress Prov 30:20 (compare אֵשֶׁת אִישׁ Prov 6:26), אֵשֶׁת זְנוּנִים Hos 1:2 נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֺת foreign women 1Kgs 11:1; 1Kgs 11:8; Ezra 10:2; Ezra 10:10; Ezra 10:11; Ezra 10:14; Ezra 10:17; Ezra 10:18; Ezra 10:44; Neh 13:26; Neh 13:27 (compare vNeh 13:23); חֲכָמָה ׳א wise woman, one known as clever, shrewd 2Sam 14:2; 2Sam 20:16, etc.; also פִּילֶגֶשׁ ׳א concubine Judg 19:1; Judg 19:27: אַלְמָנָה ׳א widow 2Sam 14:5; 1Kgs 11:26; 1Kgs 17:9; 1Kgs 17:10 נְבִיאָה ׳א prophetess Judg 4:4 also construct before noun of quality אֵשֶׁת רָ֑ע Prov 6:24 בְּסִילוּת ׳א Prov 9:13 חֵן ׳א Prov 11:16 חַיִל ׳א Prov 12:4; Prov 31:10; Ruth 3:11 מִדְיָנִים ׳א Prov 21:9; Prov 25:24; Prov 27:15 וָכָ֑עַס ׳מ ׳א Prov 21:19.

2. Wife (woman belonging to a man, usually construct or suffix) Gen 2:24; Gen 2:25; Gen 3:8; Gen 3:17; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:17 + often; of one betrothed (ארשׂ) Deut 20:7; Deut 28:30 בַּעַל (הָ)אִשָּׁה Exod 21:3; Exod 21:22 אִישׁ הָאִשָּׁה Judg 20:4 לְאִשָּׁה to wife Gen 2:22; Gen 12:19; Gen 16:3; Gen 34:21 + often (after לָקַח, נָתַן husband or father subject); for wife (after הָֽיְתָה, woman subject) Gen 20:12; Num 36:3; Num 36:6 (twice in verse); Num 36:11; Num 36:12; Deut 22:19; Deut 22:29 +; for unfaithful wife compare 1; construct in phrase אֵשֶׁת חֵיקֶ֑ךָ Deut 13:7 compare Deut 28:54 נְעוּרֶיךָ ׳א Prov 5:18; Mal 2:14; Mal 2:15 בְּרִיתֶ֑ךָ ׳א vMal 2:14 אֵשֶׁת אָב = step-mother Lev 18:8; Lev 18:11; Lev 20:11.

3. Female of animals Gen 7:2 (twice in verse); see also below
4.

4. With distributive & reciprocal sense, מֵאֵת ׳א רְעוּתָהּ each woman from her neighbour Exod 11:2 (E); compare Ruth 1:8; Ruth 1:9; Jer 9:19 each one, of birds of prey Isa 34:15 compare vIsa 34:16 (strike out Bi Che); of cows (figurative of heartless women of Israel) Amos 4:3 of sheep (figurative of Israel) Zech 11:9 & of inanimate things (P, & late) אֶל אֲחֹתָהּ ׳א Exod 26:3 (twice in verse); Exod 26:5; Exod 26:6; Exod 26:17 (P) Ezek 1:9 (strike out Co) vEzek 1:23; Ezek 3:13.

BDB9321 H802

BDB9320 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9322

II. אנשׁ (√ of following; Biblical Hebrew III. אנשׁ, אִשָּׁח).

wife, woman, wives, women, one, …
ʾiššâ
a woman
  • woman, wife, female
    • woman (opposite of man)
      • "wife (woman married to a man)"female (of animals)"each, every (pronoun)

מִ שְּׁנֵ֥י
מִ
Prefix — preposition from, out of
שְּׁנֵ֥י
Root word two, twelve, both, twelfth, second, …
Dictionary form: שְׁנַיִם · sheh-na-YIM

Adjective — Cardinal Number, masculine dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word; a number (one, two, three, …)

In the KJV here: of her two
two ×174 and two ×106 the two ×62 twelve ×34 both ×31 were twelve ×27 and the two ×23 and twelve ×15
More options
two — Standard cardinal number; fits virtually every context.
both — Use when referring to a pair already mentioned.
a pair — Emphasizes the twosome as a unit or set.
double — Prefer when quantity or amount is being doubled.
twice — Use for repetition or frequency, not counting objects.
twelve — Compound use; only when context indicates ten-plus-two.

BDB10007 H8145 H8147

BDB10006 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB10008

תנא (ᵑ7 Syriac; = Biblical Hebrew II. שָׁנָה, שְׁנַיִם, שֵׁנִי).

BDB8886 H8147

BDB8885 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8887

שְׁנַ֫יִם, שְׁתַּיִם (PhilippiZMG xlix (1895), 202 Ges«GKC:97b»§ 97b note):768 noun masculine and feminine dual two (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician אשנם (and ׳שנ second), Punic שנם Lzb380; Arabic ; Sabean תֿני HomChr 47, Aramaic תְּרֵין, (תִּנְיָנָא, second); Nabataean תרין, Palmyrene feminine תרתן, תרתיא, Lzb388; Assyrian šinâ; on etymology see √, and especially PhilippiZMG xxxii (1878), 21-98); —

masculine (with masculine noun) שְׁנַיִם Amos 3:3 +; construct שְׁנֵי Isa 7:16 +, suffix שְׁנֵיהֶם Gen 2:25 +, etc.; feminine (with feminine noun) שְׁתַּיִם Amos 4:8 +; construct שְׁתֵּי Gen 4:19, וּשְׁתֵּי Isa 7:21 +, etc., מִשְּׁתֵֿי Judg 16:28 (see GFM); suffixes see below (2 + 10 = 12, see below); Hexateuch chiefly P; — two:
1. no other number:
  a. usually construct before plural noun (צְמִידִים) שְׁנֵי Gen 24:22 + 19 t. + 2Sam 23:20 || 1Chr 11:22 (insert בְּנֵי ᵐ5 Th modern, otherwise RSSemitic i. 469, 2nd ed., 488); (נָשִׁים) שְׁתֵּי Gen 4:19 + 132 t., 1Sam 10:4 insert כִּכְּרוֺת Klo HPS Bu Now; Lev 16:21 read dual יָדָיו Qr, + Judg 16:28 (see above) + שְׁתֵּיאֵֿלֶּה Isa 47:9 both these things; before singular noun, שְׁנֵי Exod 16:22 (Ges«GKC:134e»§ 134e); suffix שְׁנֵיתֶם the two of them Gen 2:25 + 62 t., + Prov 24:22 (> their years ᵑ6 ᵑ7 De and others; probably corrupt, see Toy), שְׁנֵינוּ Gen 31:37 + 2 t., שְׁנֵיכֶם Gen 27:45 שְׁתֵּיהֶם (masculine suffix! Ges«GKC:135o»§ 135o) Ruth 1:19; Ruth 4:11, יֵ֯הֶן 1Sam 25:43; Ezek 23:13.
  b. absolute (1) שְׁנַ֫יִם (90 t.), before plural noun Judg 11:37 + 26 t.; after plural noun 2Sam 1:1; Exod 29:1+ 21 t. (usually P Chronicles), singular noun (collective) Gen 46:27; Num 7:17 + 11 t. Num 17 noun omitted Gen 7:2; Gen 44:27 + 26 t.; ׳שׁ ׳שׁ distributive Gen 7:9 +; ׳לִשׁ cut in two 2Kgs 3:25; Jer 34:18 = double amount Exod 22:3; Exod 22:6; Exod 22:8 (E); ׳פִּי שׁ Deut 21:17 double portion, + בְּרוּחֲךָ 2Kgs 2:9 in (of) thy spirit, + בָּהּ Zech 3:18 (2) שְׁתַּ֫יִם (55 t.) before plural noun 1Kgs 3:16 + 16 t.; after plural noun (usually P and late) 2Chr 24:3 + 9 t.; noun omitted, = two things Isa 51:19; Job 13:20; Prov 30:7 שְׁתַּיִם = twice 2Kgs 6:10; Job 40:5; Ps 62:12 (or as Prov 30:7), ׳בִּשׁ Job 33:14 either so, or in two ways RVm (see De); as ordinal בִּשְׁנַת שְׁתַּיִם לְ 1Kgs 15:25 + 9 t., etc.; (3) as round number, שְׁנַיִם עֵצִים 1Kgs 17:12 a few sticks (German 'ein paar'), compare 2Kgs 9:32; Isa 17:6 שְׁתַּיִם שָׁלשׁ Amos 4:8, פַּעַם וּשְׁתָּ֑יִם Neh 13:20, compare Jer 3:14 אֶחָד מֵעִיר וּשְׁנַיִם מִמִּשְׁפָּחָה = a small number; Ezra 10:13 not for one or two days (but for many), 2Kgs 6:10.
2. twelve: with noun masculine שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר Gen 42:13 + 87 t., לִשְׁנֵי עָשָׂר Exod 28:21 + 4 t.; with noun feminine שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה Exod 24:4 + 34 t., שְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה Ezek 32:1; Ezek 32:17; Ezek 33:21 before plural noun Gen 17:20; Exod 15:27 +; after plural noun Num 7:84 (twice in verse) +; before singular noun Exod 28:21 +, Gen 14:4 (12 year) +, etc.; as ordinal, יוֺם בְּיוֺם שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר Num 7:78, בִּשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה Ezek 32:1 +, etc.
3. with larger number: 10 (etc.) + 2, 2Sam 8:5; Judg 10:3 + 56 t.; 2 + 10 (etc.) Num 1:35 (P), 2Chr 22:2 + 18 t. (Köii. 1. 215 ff. Ges«GKC:97f»§ 97f.); 200 + 2 + 30, 1Kgs 20:15 50 + 2 as ordinal 2Kgs 15:27 + 2 t.; compare 2 + 20, 1Chr 24:17.

two, twelve, both, twelfth, second, …
šĕnayim
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
  • two
    • two (the cardinal number)
      • two, both, double, twice
      second (the ordinal number)"in combination with other numbers"both (a dual number)

יְלָדֶ֖י הָ
יְלָדֶ֖י
Root word child, children, men, ones, sons, …
הָ
Suffix — pronoun her / it
Dictionary form: יֶלֶד · yeh-LED

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: sons
the child ×16 the children ×8 children ×6 child ×5 of the child ×3 sons ×3 and children ×2 and her children ×2
More options
child — Most versatile; fits nearly any context involving a young person.
boy — Prefer when gender and youth are both explicitly in view.
youth — Slightly older connotation; suits adolescent or young adult males.
young one — Gentle, inclusive rendering; good for tender or poetic passages.
offspring — Emphasizes lineage or descent rather than age.
lad — Informal, slightly literary; captures smallness or endearment.

BDB3544 H3206

BDB3543 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3545

יֶ֫לֶד89 noun masculineGen 21:8 child, son, boy, youth; — יֶּ֫לֶד absolute Gen 4:23 +; construct Jer 31:20 יָ֫לֶד Gen 21:16 +; plural יְלָדִים Gen 33:1 +; construct יַלְדֵי Exod 2:6 + 2 t.; יִלְדֵיֿ Isa 57:4 suffix יְלָדַי Gen 30:26; 2Kgs 4:1 יַלְדֵיהֶם Job 21:11 יַלְדֵיהֶן Gen 33:2 + 4 t., etc.; —
  a. child = son, boy, Gen 21:8; Gen 21:14; Gen 21:15; Gen 21:16; Gen 37:30; Gen 42:32 (all E), Gen 32:23 (Dinah not included), compare Gen 30:26; Gen 33:1; Gen 33:2 (twice in verse); Gen 33:5 (twice in verse); Gen 33:6; Gen 33:7; Gen 33:13; Gen 37:14; Gen 44:20 (all J); Exod 1:17; Exod 1:18 (|| בֵּן vExod 1:16), Exod 2:3; Exod 2:6 (twice in verse); Exod 2:7; Exod 2:8; Exod 2:9 (twice in verse); Exod 2:10 (all E), Exod 21:4 (E; app. = sons + daughters, but || בָּנָי֫ vExod 21:5); plural = offspring Exod 21:24 (E; Hexateuch, only Genesis & Exodus, J E); also Ruth 1:5; Ruth 4:16; 2Sam 12:15; 2Sam 12:18 (4 t. in verse); 2Sam 12:19 (twice in verse); 2Sam 12:21 (twice in verse); 2Sam 12:22 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 3:25 (compare v1Kgs 3:20), 1Kgs 14:12; 1Kgs 17:21 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 17:22; 1Kgs 17:23; 2Kgs 4:1 (compare v2Kgs 4:5) v2Kgs 4:18 v2Kgs 4:26 v2Kgs 4:34 v2Kgs 4:34; Isa 8:18; Isa 9:5 (|| בֵּן), Joel 4:3 (opposed to יַלְדָּה), Zech 8:5 (id.); of young of raven Job 38:41 of wild goats and hinds Job 39:3 of cow and bear Isa 11:7.
  b. (little) child, children 1Sam 1:2 (twice in verse); 2Sam 6:23; Ezra 10:1; Neh 12:43; Job 21:11 (|| עֲוִילִים), Hos 1:2; Lam 4:10; Isa 57:5.
  c. descendants Isa 29:23, יַלְדֵי נכרים (compare בֵּן) Isa 2:6.
  d. youth Gen 4:23 (J), 1Kgs 12:8; 1Kgs 12:10; 1Kgs 12:14 = 2Chr 10:8; 2Chr 10:10; 2Chr 10:14; Dan 1:4; Dan 1:10; Dan 1:13; Dan 1:15; Dan 1:17 compare 2Kgs 2:24 (|| נְעָרִים קְטַנִּים v2Kgs 2:23), Eccl 4:13; Eccl 4:15.
  e. figurative of apostate Israelites יִלְדֵיפֶֿשַׁע Isa 57:4 (|| זֶרַע שָׁ֑קֶר); compare, in good sense, ילד שַׁעֲשׁוּעִים Jer 31:20 of Ephraim (|| בֵּן יַקִּיר).

child, children, men, ones, sons, …
yeled
something born, i.e., a lad or offspring
  • child, son, boy, offspring, youth
    • child, son, boy
      • "child, children"descendants"youth"apostate Israelites (figuratively)

וּ מֵ ֽאִישָֽׁ הּ
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
מֵ
Prefix — preposition from, out of
ֽאִישָֽׁ
Root word man, men, one, husband, mans, …
הּ
Suffix — pronoun her / it
Dictionary form: אִישׁ · eesh

הּ
Mapiq — the "her" dot The dot inside the final הּ (mapiq) makes the ה a real consonant: it is the suffix "her / its" attached to this word.

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and her husband
man ×241 men ×209 a man ×163 every man ×120 the men ×118 the man ×107 every one ×81 one ×57
More options
man — Default singular; covers most direct references to an adult male.
person — Gender-neutral; prefer when context stresses individuality over sex.
husband — Use specifically in marriage or household relationship contexts.
someone — Indefinite pronoun; suits partitive or existential constructions.
everyone — Distributive sense; fits 'each/every man' idioms.
fellow — Informal register; good for relational or contemptuous contexts.

BDB389 H376 H381 H382

BDB388 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB390

אִישׁ2166 noun masculine man ( = vir) (MI, SI, Phoenician אש, perhaps also Sabean אסם compare Prätl.c, but DHMZMG 1883, 330) — ׳א absolute Gen 2:23 +; construct Gen 25:27 +; suffix אִישִׁי Gen 29:32 +, etc.; plural אִישִׁים Ps 141:4 + 2 t. (Phoenician אשם); usually אֲנָשִׁים Gen 12:20 +, from √ אנשׁ q. v.; construct אַנְשֵׁי Judg 6:27 +; suffix אֲנָשַׁי 1Sam 23:12 etc.; — man, opposed to woman Gen 2:23; Gen 2:24; Lev 20:27; Num 5:6; Deut 17:2f; Josh 6:21; Josh 8:25; Jer 40:7, emphasis on sexual distinction & relation Gen 19:8; Gen 24:16; Gen 38:25; Exod 22:15; Lev 15:16 (שִׁכְבַת זָרַ֑ע) vLev 15:18 (וְאִשָּׁה ׳זֿ׳אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁכַּב אִישׁ אֹתָהּ שׁ) Lev 20:10 f; Num 5:13f; Deut 22:22f; Isa 4:1 +; thence = husband, especially with suffix Gen 3:6; Gen 3:16; Gen 16:3; Gen 29:32; Gen 29:34; Lev 21:7; Num 30:7f; Deut 28:56; Judg 13:8f; Ruth 1:3f; 1Sam 25:19; Jer 29:6; Ezek 16:45 +; figurative of ׳י as husband of Israel אִישִׁי Hos 2:18 (opposed to בַּעְלִּי); man as procreator, father Eccl 6:3 of male child Gen 4:1 compare זֶרַע אֲנָשִׁים 1Sam 1:11 man, opposed to beast Exod 11:7; Lev 20:15 (compare אָדָם); compare figurative Ps 22:7 but also of male of animals Gen 7:2 (twice in verse) (אִישׁ וְאִשְׁתּוֺ); man, opposed to God Gen 32:29; Num 23:19 לֹא אִישׁ אֵל וִיכַזֵּב (|| וּבֶןאָֿדָם וְיִתְנֶחָ֑ם); Job 9:32; Job 32:13; Hos 11:9 compare Isa 31:8; Job 12:10 (רוּחַ כָּלבְּֿשַׂר אִישׁ); hence in phrases to denote ordinary, customary, common שֵׁבֶט אֲנָשִׁים 2Sam 7:14 (|| נִגְעֵי בְּנֵי אָדָם); לֶחֶם אֲנָשִׁים Ezek 24:17; Ezek 24:22 [

**אֲנָשִׁים Ezek 24:17; Ezek 24:22 is textual error; We (apparently Sm) אֲנֻשִׁים; ToyHpt אוֺנִים (Hos 9:4).] (compare Isa 8:1); אַמַּתאִֿישׁ Deut 3:11 but also contracted אָדָם Ps 49:3; Ps 62:10 man, as valiant 1Sam 4:9 (twice in verse) (וִהְיוּ לַאֲנָשִׁים) so 1Kgs 2:2 compare 1Sam 26:15 so אִישׁ חַיִל 1Sam 31:12; 2Sam 24:9; 1Kgs 1:42 +; also אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה Num 31:49; Deut 2:14; Deut 2:16; Josh 5:4; Josh 5:6 +; even of ׳י Exod 15:3 יהוה אִישׁ מִלְחָמָה; often prefixed to other nouns in apposition אָדוֺן ׳א Gen 42:30; Gen 42:33, שַׂר וְשֹׁפֵט ׳א Exod 2:14, כֹּהֵן ׳א Lev 21:9, סָרִיס ׳א Jer 38:7 particular before adjective, of a people אִישׁ מִצְרִי Gen 39:1; Exod 2:11; Exod 2:19 compare Gen 37:28; Gen 38:1; Gen 38:2; Gen 39:14; 1Sam 17:12; 1Sam 30:11; 1Sam 30:13 +; a man as resident in, or belonging to a place or people Num 25:6; Judg 10:1 + (so Phoenician); usually plural אַנְשֵׁי יִשְׂרָאֵל 1Sam 7:11; 1Sam 31:7 (twice in verse) compare Josh 7:4; Josh 7:5 +; also singularcollective Deut 27:14; Josh 9:6; Josh 9:7; Judg 20:11; 1Sam 11:8 (see Dr) +; 2Sam 10:6; 2Sam 10:8 (טוֺב ׳א); (so MI10; MI13); men = retainers, followers, soldiers 1Sam 18:27; 1Sam 23:3 f 1Sam 24:3; 1Sam 25:13 + compare Deut 33:8 singular collective see Di; אִישׁ אֱלֹהִים man of God = prophet Deut 33:1; Josh 14:6; 1Sam 9:6f; 1Kgs 12:13f + (see אלהים); in phrase followed by abstract אִישׁ חַיִל, מִלְחָמָה ׳א see above; שֵׂיבָה ׳א Deut 32:25, הַדָּמִים ׳א 2Sam 16:7 compare see 8, הַבְּלִיַּעַל ׳א 2Sam 16:7, מָוֶת ׳א 1Kgs 2:26, חָמָס ׳א Ps 140:12; Prov 3:31 +; followed by word of occupation, etc. שָׂדֶה׳א Gen 25:27, הָאֲדָמָה׳א Gen 9:20 (compare Zech 13:5), ׳א הַבֵּנַיִם champion 1Sam 17:4 (compare Dr) v1Sam 17:23, בְּשׂרָה ׳א 2Sam 18:20, אִישׁ עֲצָתוֺ his counsellor Isa 40:13, compare אִישׁ חֶרְמִי 1Kgs 20:42, רֵעִים ׳א Prov 18:24 often distributive = each, every Gen 9:5; Gen 10:5; Gen 40:5 (twice in verse); Exod 12:3 +; including women Job 42:11; 1Chr 16:3 וַיְחַלֵּק לְכָלאִֿישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל מֵאִישׁ וְעַד אִשָּׁה לְאִישׁ כִּכַּרלֶֿחֶם; of inanimate things 1Kgs 7:30; 1Kgs 7:36 also אִישׁ אִישׁ Exod 36:4; Num 4:19; Num 4:49; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7 +; any one Exod 34:3 (twice in verse); Exod 34:24 +; also אִישׁ אִישׁ Lev 15:2; Lev 22:4; Lev 22:18 +; of gods 2Kgs 18:33 = Isa 36:18 one...another וְהִרְגוּ אִישֿׁ אֶתאָֿחִיו וְאִישׁ אֶתרֵֿעֵהוּ וְאִישׁ אֶתקְֿרֹבוֺExod 32:27, אִישׁ ֗֗֗ אָחִיו Deut 1:16; Mic 7:2 (see אָח), אִישׁרֵ֗֗֗עֵהוּ Gen 11:3; Gen 11:7 + (see רֵעַ) of inanimate things Gen 15:10.

man, men, one, husband, mans, …
ʾîš
a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)
  • man
    • man, male (in contrast to woman, female)
      • "husband"human being, person (in contrast to God)"servant"mankind"champion"great man
    whosoever"each (adjective)

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וַיָּמֻ֥תוּ גַם שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם Tipeha — a lesser break מַחְל֣וֹן וְכִלְי֑וֹן Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וַתִּשָּׁאֵר֙ Pashta — a lesser break הָֽאִשָּׁ֔ה Zaqef Qatan — a strong break מִשְּׁנֵ֥י יְלָדֶ֖יהָ Tipeha — a lesser break וּמֵֽאִישָֽׁהּ Silluq — end of the verse

וַיָּמֻתוּ גַם-שְׁנֵיהֶם מַחְלוֹן וְכִלְיוֹן וַתִּשָּׁאֵר הָֽאִשָּׁה מִשְּׁנֵי יְלָדֶיהָ וּמֵֽאִישָֽׁהּ׃
5
And Mahlon and Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and her husband.
Cross References

Deuteronomy 32:39

רְאוּ׀ עַתָּה כִּי אֲנִי אֲנִי הוּא וְאֵין אֱלֹהִים עִמָּדִי אֲנִי אָמִית וַֽאֲחַיֶּה מָחַצְתִּי וַֽאֲנִי אֶרְפָּא וְאֵין מִיָּדִי מַצִּֽיל׃
39
See now that I, even I, am he, and there is no god with me: I kill, and I make alive; I wound, and I heal: neither is there any that can deliver out of my hand.

Psalms 89:30

אִם-יַֽעַזְבוּ בָנָיו תּוֹרָתִי וּבְמִשְׁפָּטַי לֹא יֵלֵכֽוּן׃
30
If his children forsake my law, and walk not in my judgments;

Isaiah 49:21

וְאָמַרְתְּ בִּלְבָבֵךְ מִי יָֽלַד-לִי אֶת-אֵלֶּה וַאֲנִי שְׁכוּלָה וְגַלְמוּדָה גֹּלָה׀ וְסוּרָה וְאֵלֶּה מִי גִדֵּל הֵן אֲנִי נִשְׁאַרְתִּי לְבַדִּי אֵלֶּה אֵיפֹה הֵֽם׃
21
Then shalt thou say in thine heart, Who hath begotten me these, seeing I have lost my children, and am desolate, a captive, and removing to and fro? and who hath brought up these? Behold, I was left alone; these, where had they been?

Matthew 22:25

ἦσαν δὲ παρ' ἡμῖν ἑπτὰ ἀδελφοί· καὶ ὁ πρῶτος γάμησας ἐτελεύτησεν καὶ μὴ ἔχων σπέρμα ἀφῆκεν τὴν γυναῖκα αὐτοῦ τῷ ἀδελφῷ αὐτοῦ·
25
Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

Luke 7:12

ὡς δὲ ἤγγισεν τῇ πύλῃ τῆς πόλεως καὶ ἰδού ἐξεκομίζετο τεθνηκὼς υἱὸς μονογενὴς τῇ μητρὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ αὐτὴ ἦν χήρα καὶ ὄχλος τῆς πόλεως ἱκανὸς ἦν σὺν αὐτῇ
12
Now when he came nigh to the gate of the city, behold, there was a dead man out, carried the only son of his mother, and she was a widow: and much people of the city was with her.

Jeremiah 2:19

תְּיַסְּרֵךְ רָעָתֵךְ וּמְשֻֽׁבוֹתַיִךְ תּוֹכִחֻךְ וּדְעִי וּרְאִי כִּי-רַע וָמָר עָזְבֵךְ אֶת-יְהוָה אֱלֹהָיִךְ וְלֹא פַחְדָּתִי אֵלַיִךְ נְאֻם-אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה צְבָאֽוֹת׃
19
Thine own wickedness shall correct thee, and thy backslidings shall reprove thee: know therefore and see that it is an evil thing and bitter, that thou hast forsaken the LORD thy God, and that my fear is not in thee, saith the Lord GOD of hosts.
Ruth 1:4
Read Ruth 1
Ruth 1:6