Song of Solomon 2:15

אֶֽחֱזוּ לָ֙נוּ֙ שֻֽׁעָלִ֔ים שֻׁעָלִ֥ים קְטַנִּ֖ים מְחַבְּלִ֣ים כְּרָמִ֑ים וּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּ סְמָדַֽר
Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vines: for our vines have tender grapes.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

אֶֽחֱזוּ
אֶֽחֱזוּ
Root word hold, took, taken, take, held, …
Dictionary form: אָחַז · aw-HAHDZ

Verb — Qal, Imperative, second person masculine plural simple action — "he did" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you (a group)"

In the KJV here: take
hold ×3 took ×3 portion ×2 shall take hold ×2 take ×2 also shall hold ×1 and bar ×1 and get you possessions ×1
More options
grasp — Most versatile; works for physical and figurative grip.
seize — Prefer when suddenness or force is emphasized.
take hold — Modernizes common KJV phrase; natural in narrative prose.
grip — Vivid, physical; good for emotional or bodily clenching.
possess — Prefer when the sense is ownership or territorial holding.
catch — Suits contexts of trapping or being suddenly overcome.

BDB317 H270

BDB316 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB318

אָחַז68 verb grasp, take hold, take posses-sion (Arabic , Sabean אחֿדֿ SabDenkm39, Aramaic אֲחַד, Assyrian a—azu, Ethiopic ) —

Qal Perfect אָחַז Exod 15:14 +; אָֽחֲזָה Job 23:11; Isa 33:14 suffix אֲחָזַנִי 2Sam 1:9 1 singular suffix אֲחַזְתִּיו Song 3:4,etc.; Imperfect יאֹחֵז Job 17:9 +; וַיּ֫אֹחֶז 2Sam 6:6 3 feminine singular תּאֹחֵז Deut 32:41 וַתּאֹחֶז Ruth 3:15 וַתֹּחֶז 2Sam 20:9 וָאֹחֵז Judg 20:6 יאֹחֵזוּן Isa 13:8 suffix יאֹחֲזֵ֫מוֺ Exod 15:15 יאֹחֱזוּךְ Jer 13:21, etc.; — as ׳פ guttural וַיֶּאֱחֹז Judg 16:3; 1Kgs 6:10 2 masculine singular תֶּאֱחֹז Eccl 7:18 Infinitive אֲחֹז 1Kgs 6:6 אֱחֹז 1Chr 13:9 + 3 t.; Imperative אֱחֹז Exod 4:4; 2Sam 2:21, אֶחֳזִיֿ Ruth 3:15 אֶחֱזוּ Song 2:15 אֱחֹ֑זוּ Neh 7:3 Participle active אֹחֵז 2Chr 25:5 passive אָחוּז Esth 1:6, etc.; — grasp, take hold of, followed by בְּ Gen 25:26; Exod 4:4 (both J) Judg 16:3; Judg 20:6 ( = וַיַּחֲזֵק בְּ Judg 19:29) 2Sam 4:10; 2Sam 6:6; 2Sam 20:9; 1Kgs 1:51; Ruth 3:15 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 6:6 of beams having hold in a wall; (compare בֵּית אֲבָנִים יֶָֽחֱזֶה֑ Job 8:17 Hoffm reads יֹחֲזָה = ׳יאֹ); also Song 7:9 of taking hold of branches, in metaphor; poetic, figurative, of God's seizing man in wrath Job 16:12 taking hold graciously Ps 73:23 taking hold of judgment Deut 32:41 subject man בַּאֲשֻׁרוֺ אָֽחֲזָה רַגְלִי Job 23:11 (|| דַּרְכּוֺ שָׁמַרְתִּי compare also Job 17:9); of taking hold of folly Eccl 2:3 compare Eccl 7:18 subject הַשַּׁחַר Job 38:13, לֶאֱחֹו בְּכַנְפוֺת הָאָ֑רֶץ; also followed by accusative Judg 1:6; Judg 12:6; Judg 16:21; 2Sam 2:21; Isa 5:29; Song 2:15; Song 3:4; 1Chr 13:9; 2Chr 25:5; Ps 56:1; Ps 137:9 compare 1Kgs 6:10 (compare v1Kgs 6:6 above), subject הַיָּצוּעַ, אֶתֿ ׳וַיֶּא הַבַּיִת בַּעֲצֵי אֲרָזִים; of a snare catching the heel, in metaphor Job 18:9 figurative, subject God Ps 77:5 God's hand Ps 139:10 subject pain, sorrow, fear, etc. Exod 15:14; Exod 15:15; 2Sam 1:9; Job 21:6; Job 30:16; Ps 48:7; Ps 119:53; Isa 21:3; Isa 33:14; Jer 13:21; Jer 49:24 subject man, object fear, etc. Job 18:20; Isa 13:8 object דֶּרֶךְ take one's way Job 17:9 יאֹחֵז צַדִּיק דַּרְכּוֺ AV RV hold on his way (compare Job 23:11 above, & Assyrian ƒabâtu ur—u, e. g. V. R:1, 74); — absolute Neh 7:3 of barring gates; passive participle caught Eccl 9:12 fastened, held Esth 1:6 taken (by lot) 1Chr 24:6 (3 t. in verse) (on text see Öttli); taken out of a number Num 31:30; Num 31:47 participle active of same form אֲחֻזֵי חֶרֶב Song 3:8 compare Thes BaNB 175 & Ethiopic Participle.; similarly Aramaic אָחִיד, e.g. ᵑ7 Amos 2:5 e.g. ᵑ6 Judg 8:10; 1Chr 5:18 & Ezek 41:6 (twice in verse) (but see Co). Niph`al Perfect 3 plural נאֹחֲזוּ Josh 22:9 ׳וְנאֹ (consecutive) Num 32:30 Imperfect וַיֵּאָחֲזוּ Gen 47:27 Imperative הֵאָֽחֲזוּ Gen 34:10; Josh 22:19 Participle נֶאֱחָז Gen 22:13 נֶאֱחָזִים Eccl 9:12 — be caught Gen 22:13; Eccl 9:12 elsewhere have possessions Gen 34:10; Gen 47:27; Num 32:30; Josh 22:9; Josh 22:19 (P). Pi`el Participle מְאַחֵז Job 26:9 with accusative enclose, overlay (so Assyrian DlW, p. 294, compare Arabic , shut). Hoph`al Participle plural מָאֳחָזִים 2Chr 9:18 fastened to followed by לְ.

hold, took, taken, take, held, …
ʾāḥaz
to seize (often with the accessory idea of holding in possession)
  • grasp, take hold, seize, take possession
    • (Qal) to grasp, take hold of
      • "(Niphal) to be caught, grasped, be settled"(Piel) to enclose, overlay"(Hophal) fastened

לָ ֙נוּ֙
לָ
Preposition to, for
֙נוּ֙
Suffix — pronoun our / us

Preposition

it ×144 him ×95 them ×83 thee ×59 me ×53 unto him ×35 you ×28 he ×22

שֽׁוּעָלִים
שֽׁוּעָלִים
Root word foxes, fox
Dictionary form: שׁוּעָל · shoo-AWL

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: us the foxes
foxes ×2 a fox ×1 for foxes ×1 like the foxes ×1 the foxes ×1 us the foxes ×1
More options
fox — Standard modern term; works in most contexts.
jackal — Preferred by scholars; likely species in some passages.
wild dog — Broader term when species identification is uncertain.
cunning creature — Use when metaphorical or figurative sense is prominent.

BDB8911 H7776

BDB8910 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8912

I. שׁוּעָל noun masculineSong 2:15 fox, perhaps also jackal; — absolute ׳שׁ Neh 3:25 plural שׁוּעָלִים Judg 15:4 +, ׳שֻׁ Ezek 13:4; Song 2:15 b; — fox (probably) Neh 3:25; Song 2:15 (twice in verse); perhaps (from large number) jackal Judg 15:4 as haunting ruins Ezek 13:4; Lam 5:18 eating offal Ps 63:11.

foxes, fox
šûʿāl
a jackal (as a burrower)
  • fox, a burrower
    • fox
      • "perhaps also jackal

שֽׁוּעָלִים
שֽׁוּעָלִים
Root word foxes, fox
Dictionary form: שׁוּעָל · shoo-AWL

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: foxes
foxes ×2 a fox ×1 for foxes ×1 like the foxes ×1 the foxes ×1 us the foxes ×1
More options
fox — Standard modern term; works in most contexts.
jackal — Preferred by scholars; likely species in some passages.
wild dog — Broader term when species identification is uncertain.
cunning creature — Use when metaphorical or figurative sense is prominent.

BDB8911 H7776

BDB8910 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8912

I. שׁוּעָל noun masculineSong 2:15 fox, perhaps also jackal; — absolute ׳שׁ Neh 3:25 plural שׁוּעָלִים Judg 15:4 +, ׳שֻׁ Ezek 13:4; Song 2:15 b; — fox (probably) Neh 3:25; Song 2:15 (twice in verse); perhaps (from large number) jackal Judg 15:4 as haunting ruins Ezek 13:4; Lam 5:18 eating offal Ps 63:11.

foxes, fox
šûʿāl
a jackal (as a burrower)
  • fox, a burrower
    • fox
      • "perhaps also jackal

קְטַנִּ֖ים
קְטַנִּ֖ים
Root word small, little, youngest, younger, least, …
Dictionary form: קָטָן · kaw-TAWN

Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the little
small ×9 both small ×6 younger ×6 youngest ×6 from the least ×5 a little ×4 the youngest ×4 less ×3
More options
small — Most versatile; suits size, quantity, or importance.
young — Prefer when referring to age or birth order.
youngest — Use for superlative birth-order contexts.
least — Best for rank, status, or degree contexts.
minor — Formal; good for lesser officials or matters.
insignificant — Emphasizes low status or worth.

BDB7397 H6996

BDB7396 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7398

I. קָטָן adjective small, young, unimportant; — absolute ׳ק Gen 9:24 +; suffix קְטַנָּם (Köii.l,74) Jer 6:13 +; feminine singular קְטַנָּה Gen 29:16 +; masculine plural קְטַנִּים 2Kgs 18:24 +; construct קְטַנֵּי 1Sam 9:21 (see Dr; We conjectures נִּי-, old construct, cf, HPS), Prov 30:24 feminine plural קְטַנּוֺת Ezek 16:61 +; —

1. small; especially
  a. of children, youth = young, Gen 44:20 (J) 2Sam 9:12; 1Kgs 11:17; 2Kgs 2:23; 2Kgs 5:2, of sister Song 8:8 = younger, of two children (often opposed to גדול), Gen 9:24; Gen 27:15; Gen 27:42 (all J), Gen 29:16; Gen 29:18 (E), 1Sam 14:49 (feminine; opposed to הַבְּכִירָה); of younger sister Judg 15:2, so (figurative) Ezek 16:46 and (+ מִן compare) vEzek 16:61 brother 1Chr 24:31 ׳הַקּ youngest son (of several) 1Sam 16:11; 1Sam 17:14 גָּדוֺל = young and old (see קָטֹן 1) Jer 16:6 compare 2Chr 31:15; 2Chr 34:30.
  b. of things : utterance Num 22:18 (E), weight Deut 25:13; Deut 25:14, vessels 2Chr 36:18, animals Ps 104:25 (all opposed to גדול); compare also 2Sam 12:3; 1Kgs 2:20; 1Kgs 17:13; 1Kgs 18:44; 2Kgs 4:10; Ezek 43:14 (opposed to גדול), Prov 30:24; Song 2:15, + probably Ezek 46:22 (see II. [ קָטַר]); כְּלֵי הַקָּטָן Isa 22:24 the vessels of small size (figurative).
2. small;
  a. with added idea of weakness, person 2Kgs 18:24=Isa 36:9, city Eccl 9:14.
  b. = insignificant, (I) tribe 1Sam 9:21 (2) person (+גדול; = all persons) Jer 6:13; Jer 31:34; Jonah 3:5; Ps 115:13; Esth 1:5; Esth 1:20, cf . 1Chr 12:14 (van d. H. v.1Chr 12:13); (3) in general, יוֺם קְטַנּוֺת Zech 4:10 day of small things. — See also קָטֹן.

BDB7399 H6996

BDB7398 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7400

קָטֹן54 adjective small, insignificant; — absolute ׳ק 1Sam 2:19 +; construct קְטֹן 2Chr 21:17 — f., plural and suffix supplied by קָטָן; —

1. small: especially
  a. of youth = young, ׳נַעַר קּ 1Sam 20:35; 1Kgs 3:7; 2Kgs 5:14; Isa 11:6 = younger of two brothers, Gen 48:19 (E) Judg 1:13; Judg 3:9 (+ מִן compare); ׳הַקּ youngest brother Gen 42:13 + 10 t. Genesis (JE), son Judg 9:5; 2Chr 22:1, so קְטֹן בָּנָיו 2Chr 21:17 + גדול = young and old (see קָטָן 1), i.e. everybodty Gen 19:11 (J), 1Sam 5:9; 1Sam 30:2 + (of person and things) v1Sam 30:19.
  b. of things 1Sam 2:19; 1Kgs 8:64 (+ מִן compare), Amos 6:11; Isa 54:7 opposed to גָּדוֺל 1Sam 22:15; 1Sam 25:36; Gen 1:16 (P).
2. = unimportant, things, Exod 18:22; Exod 18:26 (E), 1Sam 20:2 (all opposed to גדול); person,=feeble Amos 7:2; Amos 7:5 = insignificant Jer 49:15; Obad 1:2 (both || בָּזוּי), Isa 60:22 (|| צָעִיר); בְּעֵינֶיךָ ׳ק 1Sam 15:17 especially + גָּדוֺל = low and high, + everybody, Deut 1:17; 1Kgs 22:31 = 2Chr 18:30; Jer 8:10; Job 3:19, +8 t. — See also קָטָן.

small, little, youngest, younger, least, …
qāṭān
abbreviated, i.e., diminutive, literally (in quantity, size or number) or figuratively (in age or importance)
  • young, small, insignificant, unimportant
    • small
      • "insignificant"young"unimportant

מְחַבְּלִ֣ים
מְחַבְּלִ֣ים
Root word destroy, pledge, take, destroyed, forth, …
Dictionary form: חָבַל · haw-BAHL

Verb — Piel, Participle Active, masculine plural, absolute state intensive — "he really / thoroughly did" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: that spoil
and take a pledge ×3 to destroy ×3 shall be destroyed ×2 take ×2 and destroy ×1 brought thee forth ×1 corruptly ×1 he travaileth ×1
More options
destroy — Best for contexts of ruin or devastation.
take as pledge — Preferred in legal/economic lending contexts.
ruin — Slightly softer than destroy; suits moral corruption contexts.
corrupt — Use when the sense is moral or spiritual degradation.
seize as collateral — Modern financial register; precise for debt passages.
writhe in labor — Rare; use only when childbirth imagery is explicit.

BDB2497 H2254

BDB2496 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2498

I. [חָבַל] verb bind, pledge (Arabic bind; compare Aramaic , travail; חֲבַל pledge (but rare and dubious); especially cord, field, חַבְלָא cord, , חֶבְלָא pain, especially of travail; Sabean חבל border-territory, or field, SabDenkm48.49; Ethiopic ZimBP 93 n., compare Assyrian na—balu, rope, snare (but — = )) —

Qal Perfect חָבָ֑ל Ezek 18:16 Imperfect יַחֲבֹל Deut 24:6 2 masculine singular תַּחֲבֹל Deut 24:17 תַּחְבֹּל Ezek 22:25; Job 22:6 יַחְבְּלוּ Job 24:3 יַחְבֹּ֑לוּ Job 24:9 Imperative suffix חַבְלֵהוּ Prov 20:16; Prov 27:13 Infinitive absolute חָבֹל Exod 22:25 Participle active חֹבֵל Deut 24:6, compare חֹבְלִים Zech 11:7; Zech 11:14 (name of מַקֵּל); passive חֲבֻלִים Amos 2:8 —
1. bind, only in חֹבְלִים, name of one of Zechariah's symbolic staves, Zech 11:7; Zech 11:14 symbolic of fraternity. Especially
2. bind by taking a pledge of, hold by a pledge, followed by accusative of person Prov 20:16; Prov 27:13; Job 22:6 take or hold in pledge, followed by accusative of thing Exod 22:25 ( J E), Deut 24:6 (twice in verse); Deut 24:17; Job 24:3 followed by accusative of congnate meaning with verb חֲבֹל Ezek 18:16 עַלעָֿנִי יַחְבֹּ֑לוּ Job 24:9 probably pregnant (see Di) take pledges (getting power) over the poor; בְּגָדִים חֲבֻלִים Amos 2:8 garments taken in pledge. Niph`al Imperfect יֵחָ֫בֶל לוֺ Prov 13:13 becometh pledged to it (i.e. pledged to pay the penalty, opposed to יְשֻׁלָּ֑ם), so Ew Hi De Now Str RVm VB. > below II. חָבַל q. v. Pi`el Perfect 3 feminine singular חִבְּלָה Song 8:5 חִבְּלַתְךָ Song 8:5 Imperfect יְחַבֶּלֿ Ps 7:15 — writhe, twist, hence travail; of mother Song 8:5 (twice in verse) (with accusative of child; || יְלָדָ֑תְךָ); metaphor of wicked man יְחַבֶּלאָֿ֑וֶן וְהָרָה עָמָל וְיָלַד שָֽׁקֶר ׃ Ps 7:15.

BDB2506 H2254

BDB2505 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2507

II. חָבַל verb act (ruinously) corruptly (Late Hebrew id. wound, injure; Arabic corrupt or render unsound (the mind, a limb, etc.), be deranged (in mind); Assyrian —abâlu, injure, VR62, 11; Aramaic , חַבֵּל corrupt, ruin; Ethiopic be arrogant, audacious; Sabean חֿבל DHMEpigr. Denkm. 48; compare Palmyrene חבל mortuus VogNo. 161 and often) —

Qal Perfect 1 plural חָבַלְנוּ Neh 1:7 Imperfect 1 singular אֶחְבֹּל Job 34:31 Infinitive construct (used as absolute) Neh 1:7 — act corruptly against, חֲבֹל חבלנו לְ Neh 1:7 absolute Job 34:31. Niph`al Imperfect יֵחָ֫בֶל לוֺ Prov 13:13 shall be ruined (לְ reflexive), Thes Rob-Ges AV RV, but < I. חָבַל (q. v.) Pi`el ruin, destroy: Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְחִבֵּל את מעשׂה ידיך Eccl 5:5, subject God. Imperfect 3 feminine singular תְּחַבֵּל וְחֶבֶל נִמְרָץ Mic 2:10 that destroyeth, even with sore destruction; but read rather ׳נ ׳תְּחֻבְּלוּ ח ye shall be destroyed with etc., so ᵐ5 Roo Che. Infinitive construct לְחַבֵּל with accusative, the poor Isa 32:7, the land Isa 13:5 absolute Isa 54:16 compare Participle plural מְחַבְּלִים Song 2:15 with accusative of foxes ruining vineyards. Pu`al Perfect 3 masculine singular וְחֻבַּל consecutive Isa 10:27 of yoke, be ruined, broken, si vera lectio; RSJPh xiii. 1885, p. 62 proposes יחדל, compare also Checritical note.; and remark by Di Du; 3 feminine singular חֻבָּ֑לָה Job 17:1 my spirit is broken (|| יָמַי נִזְעָ֑כוּ); Imperfect 2 masculine plural תְּחֻבְּלוּ Mic 2:10 (emendation: see above)

BDB9501 H2255 H2254

BDB9500 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9502

ח

[חֲבַל] verb Pa`el destroy, hurt (see Biblical Hebrew II. חבל); — Perfect 3 masculine plural suffix חַבְּלוּנִי Dan 6:23 (of lions); Imperative masculine plural suffix חַבְּלוּהִי Dan 4:20 (suffix of tree); Infinitive לְחַבָּלָה Ezra 6:12 (accusative of temple). Hithpa. be destroyed: Imperfect 3 feminine singular תִּתְחַבַּל Dan 2:44; Dan 6:27; Dan 7:14 (בַּ֑ל-; all of kingdom of God).

destroy, pledge, take, destroyed, forth, …
ḥābal
to wind tightly (as a rope), i.e., to bind; specifically, by a pledge; figuratively, to pervert, destroy; also to writhe in pain (especially of parturition)
  • to bind
    • (Qal)
      • to bind
    to take a pledge, lay to pledge
    • (Qal) to hold by a pledge, take in pledge, hold in pledge
      • "(Niphal) to give a pledge, become pledged
    to destroy, spoil, deal corruptly, offend
    • (Qal) to spoil, corrupt, offend
      • "(Niphal) to be ruined"(Piel) to destroy, ruin"(Pual) to be ruined, be broken
    to bring forth, travail
    • (Piel) to writhe, twist, travail

כְּרָמִ֑ים
כְּרָמִ֑ים
Root word a name — transliterate it ("The vines")
Dictionary form: כֶּרֶם · keh-REM

Noun — Common, both plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the vines
vineyards ×13 and vineyards ×8 a vineyard ×7 the vineyard ×7 thy vineyard ×6 the vineyards ×5 vineyard ×4 my vineyard ×3
More options
vineyard — Standard modern rendering; suits most narrative contexts.
vine-garden — Highlights cultivated, garden-like character of the plot.
winery — Emphasizes production purpose; good for commercial contexts.
grape plantation — Clarifies agricultural scale; useful in descriptive passages.

BDB4196 H3754

BDB4195 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4197

כֶּרֶם92 noun masculineDeut 28:30 (feminineIsa 27:2) vineyard (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic כַּרְמָא Zinjirli כרם DHMSendsch.58; Arabic , vine; Ethiopic vine; JenZA vii. (1892), 217 compare Assyrian Karânu, vine; — etymology dubious; Thes and others compare Arabic noble, generous, fertile, but precarious); — absolute ׳כ Exod 22:4 +, כָּ֑רֶם Gen 9:20 +; construct כֶּרֶם 1Kgs 21:7 +; suffix כַּרְמִי Isa 5:3 +, כַּרְמְךָ Exod 23:11 +, etc.; plural כְּרָמִים Josh 24:13 +; construct כַּרְמֵי Amos 5:1 + 2 t.; suffix כְּרָמֵנוּ Neh 5:3 + 3 t.; כַרְמֵיכֶם Amos 4:9 + 2 t., etc., — vineyard Gen 9:20 (J), 1Kgs 21:1 + 9 t. 1Kgs 21; Song 2:15 (twice in verse) +; so even Judg 15:5 (where read וזית ׳כָ compare GFM, who however doubts genuineness); + זַּיִת Exod 23:11 (E) and often (V. זית); + שָׂדֶה Exod 22:4; Exod 22:5 (E), and often; figurative of Israel under ׳י's. care Isa 5:1ff., compare Isa 3:14; Jer 12:10 figurative of Shulamite's complexion Song 1:6, of her heart Song 8:12. — Vbs. governing ׳כ are: — נָטַע Gen 9:20; Amos 5:11 + 16 t., compare ׳מַטָּעֵי כ Mic 1:6 זָרַע Deut 22:9 (c. 2 accusative); חִלֵּל = begin to use fruit of, Deut 20:6 (twice in verse); Deut 28:30; Jer 31:5 זָמַר prune, Lev 25:3; Lev 25:4 בָּצַר gather, harvest (literally cut off, i.e. grapes, Lev 25:5; Lev 25:11), Deut 24:21; Judg 9:27, compare לִקֵּשׁ Job 24:6 עוֺלֵל glean, Lev 19:10; Deut 24:21 אָכַל Josh 24:13 (usually 'eat fruit of' Isa 65:21, etc.); locusts devour Amos 4:9 (si vera lectio) On proper name, of a location אָבֵל כְּרָמִים see II. אָבֵל 4; בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם.

vineyards, vineyard, vines, vintage
kerem
a garden or vineyard
  • vineyard

וּ כְרָמֵ֖י נוּ
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
כְרָמֵ֖י
Root word a name — transliterate it ("For our vines")
נוּ
Suffix — pronoun our / us
Dictionary form: כֶּרֶם · keh-REM

Noun — Common, both plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: for our vines
vineyards ×13 and vineyards ×8 a vineyard ×7 the vineyard ×7 thy vineyard ×6 the vineyards ×5 vineyard ×4 my vineyard ×3
More options
vineyard — Standard modern rendering; suits most narrative contexts.
vine-garden — Highlights cultivated, garden-like character of the plot.
winery — Emphasizes production purpose; good for commercial contexts.
grape plantation — Clarifies agricultural scale; useful in descriptive passages.

BDB4196 H3754

BDB4195 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4197

כֶּרֶם92 noun masculineDeut 28:30 (feminineIsa 27:2) vineyard (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic כַּרְמָא Zinjirli כרם DHMSendsch.58; Arabic , vine; Ethiopic vine; JenZA vii. (1892), 217 compare Assyrian Karânu, vine; — etymology dubious; Thes and others compare Arabic noble, generous, fertile, but precarious); — absolute ׳כ Exod 22:4 +, כָּ֑רֶם Gen 9:20 +; construct כֶּרֶם 1Kgs 21:7 +; suffix כַּרְמִי Isa 5:3 +, כַּרְמְךָ Exod 23:11 +, etc.; plural כְּרָמִים Josh 24:13 +; construct כַּרְמֵי Amos 5:1 + 2 t.; suffix כְּרָמֵנוּ Neh 5:3 + 3 t.; כַרְמֵיכֶם Amos 4:9 + 2 t., etc., — vineyard Gen 9:20 (J), 1Kgs 21:1 + 9 t. 1Kgs 21; Song 2:15 (twice in verse) +; so even Judg 15:5 (where read וזית ׳כָ compare GFM, who however doubts genuineness); + זַּיִת Exod 23:11 (E) and often (V. זית); + שָׂדֶה Exod 22:4; Exod 22:5 (E), and often; figurative of Israel under ׳י's. care Isa 5:1ff., compare Isa 3:14; Jer 12:10 figurative of Shulamite's complexion Song 1:6, of her heart Song 8:12. — Vbs. governing ׳כ are: — נָטַע Gen 9:20; Amos 5:11 + 16 t., compare ׳מַטָּעֵי כ Mic 1:6 זָרַע Deut 22:9 (c. 2 accusative); חִלֵּל = begin to use fruit of, Deut 20:6 (twice in verse); Deut 28:30; Jer 31:5 זָמַר prune, Lev 25:3; Lev 25:4 בָּצַר gather, harvest (literally cut off, i.e. grapes, Lev 25:5; Lev 25:11), Deut 24:21; Judg 9:27, compare לִקֵּשׁ Job 24:6 עוֺלֵל glean, Lev 19:10; Deut 24:21 אָכַל Josh 24:13 (usually 'eat fruit of' Isa 65:21, etc.); locusts devour Amos 4:9 (si vera lectio) On proper name, of a location אָבֵל כְּרָמִים see II. אָבֵל 4; בֵּית הַכֶּרֶם.

vineyards, vineyard, vines, vintage
kerem
a garden or vineyard
  • vineyard

סְמָדַֽר
סְמָדַֽר
Root word grape, grapes
Dictionary form: סְמָדַר · seh-maw-DAHR

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: have tender grapes
have tender grapes ×1 whether the tender grape ×1 with the tender grape ×1
More options
blossom — Emphasizes the early flowering stage of the vine.
bud — Compact, vivid image for the vine's first growth.
young grape — Clarifies the fruit is immature, not yet ripe.
grape bud — Combines fruit identity with early-stage nuance.
grape blossom — Poetic; suits Song of Songs contexts well.

BDB5630 H5563

BDB5629 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5631

[סְמָדֵר ?], also סְמָדַ֔ר֖, סְמָדַ֑ר noun masculineSong 7:13 blossom of grape (just at flowering DuvalREJ xiv (1887), 227 ff. Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic סמדר, , Mandean סימאדרא NöM. 128); — always absolute ׳ס, only Canticles: הַגְּפָנִים סְמָדַר֖ Song 2:13 the vines are (all) blossom; כְּרָמִים סְמָדַ֑ר vSong 2:15 (on bold predicate compare Ges«GKC:141d»§ 141d); פִּתַּךְִ הַסְּמָדַ֔ר Song 7:13 the blossom has opened (its buds).

grape, grapes
sĕmādar
a vine blossom; used also adverbially, abloom
  • grape blossom, grape bud

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
אֶֽחֱזוּ לָ֙נוּ֙ Pashta — a lesser break שֻֽׁעָלִ֔ים Zaqef Qatan — a strong break שֻׁעָלִ֥ים קְטַנִּ֖ים Tipeha — a lesser break מְחַבְּלִ֣ים כְּרָמִ֑ים Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּ Tipeha — a lesser break סְמָדַֽר Silluq — end of the verse

אֶֽחֱזוּ-לָנוּ שֻֽׁעָלִים שֻׁעָלִים קְטַנִּים מְחַבְּלִים כְּרָמִים וּכְרָמֵינוּ סְמָדַֽר׃
15
Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vines: for our vines have tender grapes.
Cross References

Luke 13:32

καὶ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς Πορευθέντες εἴπατε τῇ ἀλώπεκι ταύτῃ Ἰδού ἐκβάλλω δαιμόνια καὶ ἰάσεις ἐπιτελῶ σήμερον καὶ αὔριον καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ τελειοῦμαι
32
And he said unto them, Go ye, and tell that fox, Behold, I cast out devils, and I do cures to day and to morrow, and the third day I shall be perfected.

2 Peter 2:1

Ἐγένοντο δὲ καὶ ψευδοπροφῆται ἐν τῷ λαῷ ὡς καὶ ἐν ὑμῖν ἔσονται ψευδοδιδάσκαλοι οἵτινες παρεισάξουσιν αἱρέσεις ἀπωλείας καὶ τὸν ἀγοράσαντα αὐτοὺς δεσπότην ἀρνούμενοι ἐπάγοντες ἑαυτοῖς ταχινὴν ἀπώλειαν
1
But there were false prophets also among the people, even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them, and bring upon themselves swift destruction.

Song of Solomon 7:12

נַשְׁכִּימָה לַכְּרָמִים נִרְאֶה אִם-פָּֽרְחָה הַגֶּפֶן פִּתַּח הַסְּמָדַר הֵנֵצוּ הָרִמּוֹנִים שָׁם אֶתֵּן אֶת-דֹּדַי לָֽךְ׃
12
Let us get up early to the vineyards; let us see if the vine flourish, whether the tender grape appear, and the pomegranates bud forth: there will I give thee my loves.

Psalms 80:13

יְכַרְסְמֶנָּֽה חֲזִיר מִיָּעַר וְזִיז שָׂדַי יִרְעֶֽנָּה׃
13
The boar out of the wood doth waste it, and the wild beast of the field doth devour it.

Song of Solomon 2:13

הַתְּאֵנָה חָֽנְטָה פַגֶּיהָ וְהַגְּפָנִים׀ סְמָדַר נָתְנוּ רֵיחַ קוּמִי ‫(לכי)‬ לָךְ רַעְיָתִי יָפָתִי וּלְכִי-לָֽךְ׃
13
The fig tree putteth forth her green figs, and the vines with the tender grape give a good smell. Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away.

Revelation 2:2

Οἶδα τὰ ἔργα σου καὶ τὸν κόπον σου καὶ τὴν ὑπομονήν σου καὶ ὅτι οὐ δύνῃ βαστάσαι κακούς καὶ ἐπειράσω τοὺς φάσκοντας εἶναι ἀποστόλους καὶ οὐκ εἰσίν καὶ εὗρες αὐτοὺς ψευδεῖς
2
I know thy works, and thy labour, and thy patience, and how thou canst not bear them which are evil: and thou hast tried them which say they are apostles, and are not, and hast found them liars:

Ezekiel 13:4

כְּשֻׁעָלִים בָּחֳרָבוֹת נְבִיאֶיךָ יִשְׂרָאֵל הָיֽוּ׃
4
O Israel, thy prophets are like the foxes in the deserts.
Song of Solomon 2:14
Read Song of Solomon 2
Song of Solomon 2:16