Song of Solomon 4:12

גַּ֥ן נָע֖וּל אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּ֑ה גַּ֥ל נָע֖וּל מַעְיָ֥ן חָתֽוּם
A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse; a spring shut up, a fountain sealed.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

גַּ֥ן
גַּ֥ן
Root word garden, gardens
Dictionary form: גַּן · ɡahn

Noun — Common, both singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: a garden
of the garden ×8 in the garden ×7 garden ×6 a garden ×2 in the gardens ×2 into his garden ×2 like the garden ×2 the garden ×2
More options
garden — Standard modern rendering; fits most contexts well.
enclosed garden — Highlights the walled or protected nature of ancient gardens.
park — Use for royal or expansive pleasure grounds.
orchard — Prefer when fruit-bearing trees are the focus.
grove — Suits shaded, wooded garden settings.

BDB1058 H1004 H1588

BDB1057 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1059

בֵּית הַגָּן proper name, of a location? ᵐ5 Βαιθαν (Βαιατγαν), ᵐ5L Βαιθωρων, 2Kgs 9:27 modern Jenîn? see גַּן, below גנן, and עֵין גַּנִּים; compare StaGesch i. 542.

BDB1703 H1588

BDB1702 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1704

גַּן noun masculineSong 4:12 & (Gen 2:15) feminine enclosure, garden (Late Hebrew id., גַּנָּה Arabic , Ethiopic Assyrian ginû COTGloss, also gannatu DlPr 84; Aramaic גִּנָּא, גִּנְתָּא, ; Phoenician פר אגנן אם צץ[צ] CISi, 165, 11 & p. 232 f. birds of enclosure (domestic fowls) or of wing) — absolute גַּן Gen 2:8 + 3 t.; construct id. Gen 2:15 + 19 t.; with article הַגָּן Gen 2:9 + 9 t., but כַּגַּן Lam 2:6 suffix גַּנִּי Song 4:16; Song 5:1, גַּנּוֺ Song 4:16; Song 6:2 Plural גַּנִּים Song 4:15 + 2 t. — garden as enclosure Lam 2:6 (simile); הַיּוֺשֶׁבֶת בַּגַּנִּים Song 8:13 compare Song 4:12 (figurative of, bride גַּן נָעוּל); g. of herbs (יָרָק) Deut 11:10; 1Kgs 21:2 figurative of bride, g. of plants, fruits, and spices Song 4:16 (twice in verse); Song 5:1; Song 6:2 (twice in verse) compare מַעְיַן גנים Song 4:15 g. of (king's) house) 2Kgs 21:18 = גַּןעֻֿזָּא 2Kgs 21:18; 2Kgs 21:26 גַּן הַמֶּלֶךְ 2Kgs 25:4; Jer 39:4; Jer 52:7; Neh 3:15, compare בֵּית הַגָּן) 2Kgs 9:27 (at Jez-reel ? but this perhaps proper name, of a location see below בית p. III ); most often of garden (orchard ?) in Eden (Hexateuch only Gen & only J) Gen 2:8; Gen 2:9; Gen 2:10; Gen 2:16; Gen 3:1; Gen 3:2; Gen 3:3; Gen 3:8 (twice in verse); Gen 3:10, called גַּןעֵֿדֶן Gen 2:15; Gen 3:23; Gen 3:24; Ezek 36:35; Joel 2:3, compare ׳גןיֿ Gen 13:10; Isa 51:3 (both in simile); גןאֿלהים Ezek 28:13 (׳עֵדֶן גןאֿל), Ezek 31:8 (twice in verse); Ezek 31:9 (|| עֵדֶן); in last three the trees of the garden are compare with Assyrian under figure of cedar of Lebanon.

garden, gardens
gan
a garden (as fenced)
  • (n m/f) garden, enclosure
    • enclosed garden
      • (figurative for a bride)
      garden (of plants)"(n pr loc) Garden of Eden

נָע֖וּל
נָע֖וּל
Root word locked, shod, up, bolt, bolted, …
Dictionary form: נָעַל · naw-AL

Verb — Qal, Participle Passive, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" a settled state — try "___ed"

In the KJV here: inclosed
and bolt ×1 and bolted ×1 and locked them ×1 and shod ×1 inclosed ×1 shut up ×1 them and shod ×1 were locked ×1
More options
bolt — Most common sense; securing a door with a bar or bolt.
lock — Modern equivalent of bolting; prefer for doors and gates.
bar — Physical barring of an entrance; slightly more formal register.
fasten — Broader closure; useful when exact mechanism is unclear.
shoe — Fit with footwear; use when context is sandals or foot coverings.
enclose — Figurative or spatial containment; rare but attested sense.

BDB5251 H5274

BDB5250 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5252

נָעַל verb bar, bolt, lock (Late Hebrew id.); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular נָעַל 2Sam 13:18, נָעָ֑ל Judg 3:23 Imperative נְעֹל 2Sam 13:17 Passive participle נָעוּל Song 4:12 (twice in verse); feminine plural נְעֻלוֺת Judg 3:24 — bar, bolt, lock, usually with accusative דֶּלֶת, ׃דְּלָתוֺת Judg 3:23, + אַחֲרֵי after, behind, vJudg 3:24; 2Sam 13:17; 2Sam 13:18 elsewhere only גַּן נָעוּל Song 4:12 a garden barred (figurative of Shulamite), so also vSong 4:12 b (reading גַּן for גַּל, Vrss Gr Bu).

BDB5253 H5274

BDB5252 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5254

[נָעַל] verb denominative furnish with sandals, shoe (ᵑ7 נְעַל (rare), bind on sandal; Arabic furnish with sandals, shoe horse or camel; Syriac shoe horse); —

Qal Imperfect 1 singular suffix וָאֶנְעֲלֵךְ תָּ֑חַשׁ Ezek 16:10 and I shod thee with תחשׁ (q. v.). Hiph`il Imperfect 3 masculine plural suffix וַיַּנְעִלוּם 2Chr 28:15 and gave them sandals.

locked, shod, up, bolt, bolted, …
nāʿal
properly, to fasten up, i.e., with a bar or cord
  • to bar, lock, bolt
    • (Qal) to bar, lock, bolt
    to furnish with sandals, shoe
    • (Qal) to shoe
      • "(Hiphil) to give sandals

אֲחֹתִ ֣י
אֲחֹתִ
Root word sister, sisters, another, other, with
֣י
Suffix — pronoun my / me
Dictionary form: אָחוֹת · aw-HOTE

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: is my sister
sister ×19 their sister ×10 his sister ×9 the sister ×7 another ×6 is my sister ×6 my sister ×5 her sister ×4
More options
sister — Default rendering; direct female sibling relationship.
female relative — When 'sister' denotes a broader kinship or clan bond.
counterpart — Figurative use; paired or matching things (e.g., nations, planks).
companion — Metaphorical contexts emphasizing closeness or solidarity.
beloved — Poetic/Song of Songs register; term of endearment.

BDB315 H269

BDB314 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB316

אָחוֺת114 noun feminine sister (Phoenician אחת, Aramaic אֲחָת , Arabic , Assyrian a—âtu, Dlw, Ethiopic Sabean in proper name אחֿתאמהו OsZMG 1865, 273) — absolute ׳אָ 2Sam 13:1 + (never with article); construct אֲחוֺת Gen 4:22 +; suffix אֲחֹתִי (אֲחוֺתִי) Gen 12:13 +, etc.; plural suffix אַחְוֺתַי (Qr אַחְיוֺתַי) Josh 2:13 אֲחוֺתַיִח Ezek 16:51 (Qr; Kt אחותך) + 2 t. (Co all ׳אחיו); אַחֲיוֺתֵח Ezek 16:52 (Co תֿיך); אֲחוֺתֵח Ezek 16:52 (must be plural, but strike out Co); אַחְיֹתָיו Job 42:11 אֲחוֺתֵיכֶם Hos 2:3 אַחְיֹתֵיהֶם 1Chr 2:16; Job 1:4 —

1. sister Gen 4:22; Gen 12:13; Gen 12:19; Gen 20:2; Gen 20:5; Gen 20:12 (same father, different mother) so Lev 18:11 compare Ezek 22:11; Gen 24:30 (twice in verse) +, Exod 2:4; Exod 2:7; Lev 18:9 (either parent same) so Deut 27:22; Num 6:7; 2Sam 13:1; 2Sam 13:2; 2Sam 13:4 +, Song 8:8 (twice in verse); called upon, in mourning for dead Jer 22:18 = near relative Gen 24:59; Gen 24:60 (or because Laban prominent ? so Di); /man of same nationality Num 25:18 compare Hos 2:3.
2. = beloved Song 4:9; Song 4:10; Song 4:12; Song 5:12 (4 t. || כַּלָּה bride; phrase originally implying that marriage with half-sister — of same father — was allowed? compare NöZMG 1886, 150 & Gen 20:12).
3. symbolic of Judah, Samaria, Sodom & Jerusalem Jer 3:7; Jer 3:8; Jer 3:10; Ezek 16:45; Ezek 16:52 (twice in verse) (strike out Co) +, Ezek 23:4; Ezek 23:11 +.
4. figurative of intimate connection קָרָאתִי ֗֗֗ אִמִּי וַאֲחֹתִי לָרִמָּה Job 17:14 אֱמֹר לַחָכְמָה אֲחֹתִי אַתְּ Prov 7:4.
5.. another, אִשָּׁה אֶלאֲֿחֹתָהּ, of curtains of tabernacle Exod 26:3 (twice in verse); Exod 26:6 loops vExod 26:5, tenons vExod 26:17 of wings of living creatures, Ezekiel's vision Ezek 1:9; Ezek 1:23; Ezek 3:13 not of persons, but see רְעוּת.

sister, sisters, another, other, with
ʾāḥôt
a sister (used very widely [like H0251], literally and figuratively)
  • sister
    • sister (same parents)
      • "half-sister (same father)"relative
      • (metaphorically) of Israel's and Judah___%___s relationship
      beloved
      • bride
      (figuratively) of intimate connection"another

כַלָּ֑ה
כַלָּ֑ה
Root word law, bride, spouse, spouses
Dictionary form: כַּלָּה · kahl-LAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: my spouse
his daughter in law ×5 my spouse ×5 of the bride ×4 daughters in law ×2 her daughter in law ×2 thy daughter in law ×2 and as a bride ×1 and his daughter in law ×1
More options
daughter-in-law — Most common relationship sense; prefer in narrative contexts.
bride — Fits wedding or betrothal scenes; celebratory register.
spouse — Gender-neutral; suits poetic or formal passages.
wife — Use when marital bond is emphasized over family relation.
new wife — Highlights recent marriage; useful in legal or social contexts.

BDB4043 H3618

BDB4042 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4044

כַּלָּה noun feminine daughter-in-law, bride; — absolute ׳כ Jer 2:32 + 14 t.; suffix כַּלָּתוֺ Gen 11:31 + 5 t.; כַּלָּתָהּ Ruth 1:22 + 2 t., etc.; plural suffix כַּלֹּתֶיהָ Ruth 1:6; Ruth 1:8, כַּלּוֺתֶיהָ Ruth 1:7, כַּלּוֺתֵיהֶם Hos 4:13; Hos 4:14 —

1. daughter-in-law, in reference to husband's father Gen 38:11; Gen 38:16; Gen 38:24 (J), compare 1Chr 2:4; 1Sam 4:19; Ezek 22:11; Mic 7:6; Gen 11:31 (P), Lev 18:15; Lev 20:12 (both H); husband's mother Ruth 1:6; Ruth 1:7; Ruth 1:8; Ruth 1:22; Ruth 2:20; Ruth 2:22; Ruth 4:15.
2. bride, usually
  a. just before marriage Isa 49:18; Isa 61:10; Isa 62:5; Jer 2:32 (all in simile, etc.), || חָתָן Jer 7:34; Jer 16:9; Jer 25:10; Jer 33:11; Joel 2:16; Song 4:8; Song 4:9; Song 4:10; Song 4:11; Song 4:12; Song 5:1.
  b. also just after marriage = young wife Hos 4:13; Hos 4:14 read הַכַּלָּה likewise 2Sam 17:3 (for ᵑ0 הַכֹּל), ᵐ5 We Dr Klo Kit Bu.

law, bride, spouse, spouses
kallâ
a bride (as if perfect); hence, a son's wife
  • bride, daughter-in-law
    • daughter-in-law
      • "bride, young wife

גַּ֥ל
גַּ֥ל
Root word waves, heap, heaps, spring, billows
Dictionary form: גַּל · ɡahl

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: a spring
heap ×8 heaps ×4 an heap ×2 the heap ×2 when the waves ×2 a spring ×1 and thy billows ×1 and thy waves ×1
More options
heap — Best for piled rubble, ruins, or accumulated stones.
wave — Best for sea or water imagery; use plural as needed.
mound — Suggests a raised pile of earth or debris.
billow — Poetic register; evokes large, surging waves.
spring — Rare sense; use only when water source is clear.
pile — Informal; good for rubble or stones in prose.

BDB1647 H1530

BDB1646 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1648

גַּל noun masculineGen 31:48 heap, wave, billow (as rolled together, rolling, rolling up), also spring, ᵑ0 Song 4:12 compare 3 below — absolute גַּל Job 8:17 + 5 t. (including הַגַּל Gen 31:48 +); גָּ֑ל Gen 31:46 הַגָּ֑ל Gen 31:46 לַגָּ֑ל Isa 25:2 construct גַּלֿ Josh 7:26 + 2t. + Gen 31:47; Gen 31:48 q.see below; plural גַּלִּים 2Kgs 19:25 + 6 t.; construct גַּלֵּיֿ Isa 48:18 suffix גַּלָּיו Ps 89:10 + 6 t.; גַּלֵּיהֶם Ps 65:8 + 2 t.; —

1. heap of stones,
  a. אבנים ׳ג raised (הקים) over dead body Josh 7:26; Josh 8:29 compare 2Sam 18:17 (with הִצִּיב).
  b. גַּל alone Job 8:17 (roots wrapped about it).
  c. heap or pile made (עשׂה) for use in ratifying compact of Jacob with Laban Gen 31:46 (twice in verse); Gen 31:48; Gen 31:51; Gen 38:52; Gen 31:52 (twice in verse) compare also גַּלְעֵד proper name, dual heap of ruins Isa 25:2 elsewhere plural Hos 12:12; 2Kgs 19:25 = Isa 37:26; Job 15:28; Jer 9:10; Jer 51:37.
2. waves (rollers) in poetry, only plural, waves of sea Jer 5:22; Jer 31:35; Isa 51:15; Job 38:11; Ps 65:8; Ps 89:10; Ps 107:25; Ps 107:29 compare also in simile Ezek 26:3; Isa 48:18 (גַּלֵּיהַֿיָּם); figurative of chastisements from ׳י Ps 42:8 (|| מִשְׁבָּרִים) Jonah 2:3 (|| id.); of army of Babylon's conqueror Jer 51:42; Jer 51:55 compare Zech 10:11 (VB; but BevJPh xviii. 88 proposes גִּבְלִים compare Ezek 27:9).
3. spring, Song 4:12 גַּן נָעוּל אֲחוֺתִי כַּלָּ֑ה גַּל נָעוּל מַעְיָן חָתוּם a garden barred (is) my sister, bride, a spring barred, a fountain sealed; but גַּן for גַּל ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9.

waves, heap, heaps, spring, billows
gal
something rolled, i.e., a heap of stone or dung (plural ruins), by analogy, a spring of water (plural waves)
  • heap, spring, wave, billow
    • heap (of stones)
      • over dead body
        • "alone"used in ratifying a covenant
      waves (figurative for chastisement of Jehovah)"spring

נָע֖וּל
נָע֖וּל
Root word locked, shod, up, bolt, bolted, …
Dictionary form: נָעַל · naw-AL

Verb — Qal, Participle Passive, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" a settled state — try "___ed"

In the KJV here: shut up
and bolt ×1 and bolted ×1 and locked them ×1 and shod ×1 inclosed ×1 shut up ×1 them and shod ×1 were locked ×1
More options
bolt — Most common sense; securing a door with a bar or bolt.
lock — Modern equivalent of bolting; prefer for doors and gates.
bar — Physical barring of an entrance; slightly more formal register.
fasten — Broader closure; useful when exact mechanism is unclear.
shoe — Fit with footwear; use when context is sandals or foot coverings.
enclose — Figurative or spatial containment; rare but attested sense.

BDB5251 H5274

BDB5250 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5252

נָעַל verb bar, bolt, lock (Late Hebrew id.); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular נָעַל 2Sam 13:18, נָעָ֑ל Judg 3:23 Imperative נְעֹל 2Sam 13:17 Passive participle נָעוּל Song 4:12 (twice in verse); feminine plural נְעֻלוֺת Judg 3:24 — bar, bolt, lock, usually with accusative דֶּלֶת, ׃דְּלָתוֺת Judg 3:23, + אַחֲרֵי after, behind, vJudg 3:24; 2Sam 13:17; 2Sam 13:18 elsewhere only גַּן נָעוּל Song 4:12 a garden barred (figurative of Shulamite), so also vSong 4:12 b (reading גַּן for גַּל, Vrss Gr Bu).

BDB5253 H5274

BDB5252 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5254

[נָעַל] verb denominative furnish with sandals, shoe (ᵑ7 נְעַל (rare), bind on sandal; Arabic furnish with sandals, shoe horse or camel; Syriac shoe horse); —

Qal Imperfect 1 singular suffix וָאֶנְעֲלֵךְ תָּ֑חַשׁ Ezek 16:10 and I shod thee with תחשׁ (q. v.). Hiph`il Imperfect 3 masculine plural suffix וַיַּנְעִלוּם 2Chr 28:15 and gave them sandals.

locked, shod, up, bolt, bolted, …
nāʿal
properly, to fasten up, i.e., with a bar or cord
  • to bar, lock, bolt
    • (Qal) to bar, lock, bolt
    to furnish with sandals, shoe
    • (Qal) to shoe
      • "(Hiphil) to give sandals

מַעְיָ֥ן
מַעְיָ֥ן
Root word fountain, fountains, wells, springs, well
Dictionary form: מַעְיָן · ma-YAWN

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: a fountain
a fountain ×3 the fountains ×3 fountains ×2 the fountain ×2 and a fountain ×1 and fountains ×1 and his fountain ×1 fountain ×1
More options
spring — Most natural modern term for a water source.
wellspring — Slightly elevated; good for poetic or figurative use.
source — Abstract or figurative contexts; e.g., source of life.
well — Prefer when a dug or contained water source is implied.
water source — Neutral, descriptive; useful in prose or geographic contexts.
gushing water — Vivid and dynamic; suits poetry emphasizing flowing abundance.

BDB6032 H4599

BDB6031 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6033

מַעְיָן noun masculineProv 8:24 spring; — absolute ׳מ Ps 74:15 +; construct מַעְיַן 2Kgs 3:25 +, מַעְיְנוֺ Ps 114:8 (Ges«GKC:90n»§ 90n); suffix מַעְיָנוֺ Hos 13:15 plural מַעְיָנוֺת Isa 41:18 +, מַעְיָנִים Ps 104:10 construct מַעְיְנוֺת Gen 7:11 +, מַעְיְנֵי 1Kgs 18:5; 2Kgs 3:19, מַעַיְנֵי Isa 12:3 suffix מַעְיָנִי Ps 87:7 (but see below), מַעְיְנֹתֶיךָ Prov 5:16 — spring, construct before מַיִם 1Kgs 18:5; 2Kgs 3:19; 2Kgs 3:25; Josh 15:9; Josh 18:15 (both P), Ps 114:8, compare Prov 8:24 ׳מַע alone Isa 41:18; Lev 11:36 (P), Ps 74:15; Ps 104:10; 2Chr 32:4, compare Joel 4:18 (in eschatological picture); in simile Prov 25:26 תְּהוֺם ׳מ Gen 7:11; Gen 8:2 (compare Prov 8:28); figurative of source of happiness, enjoyment Hos 13:15 (|| מְקוֺרוֺ Ps 84:7; Prov 5:16 (of wife, see Toy), compare חָתוּם ׳מ Song 4:12, גַּנִּים ׳מ; vSong 4:15 also Ps 87:7 (si vera lectio; so De Che Du; Hup Bae We read form of מָעוֺן dwelling; הַיְשׁוּעָה ׳מ Isa 12:3.

I. [עִיף] = II. עוּף q. v. for עֵיפָה, עֵיפַי etc.

fountain, fountains, wells, springs, well
maʿyān
a fountain (also collectively), figuratively, a source (of satisfaction)
  • spring

חָתֽוּם
חָתֽוּם
Root word sealed, up, seal, end, marked, …
Dictionary form: חָתַם · haw-TAHM

Verb — Qal, Participle Passive, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" a settled state — try "___ed"

In the KJV here: sealed
and sealed ×6 and seal ×3 seal ×2 and sealeth ×1 and sealeth up ×1 and to make an end ×1 and to seal up ×1 be stopped ×1
More options
seal — Core meaning; best default rendering in most contexts.
stamp — Use when a physical impression or mark is emphasized.
close up — Conveys securing or shutting away; good for metaphorical uses.
mark — Prefer when the sense is identification or branding.
certify — Formal/legal contexts; sealing as official attestation.
block — Use when access is being prevented or something is stopped up.

BDB3252 H2856

BDB3251 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3253

חָתַם verb seal, affix seal, seal up (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic חֲתַם, ; Ethiopic Arabic (whence ) is loan-word according to Frä252) —

Qal Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַחְתֹּם Job 9:7; Job 33:6, יַחְתּוֺם Job 37:7, וַיַּחְתֹּם Esth 8:10, etc.; Imperative חֲתֹם Dan 12:4, חֲתוֺם Isa 8:16, חִתְמוּ Esth 8:8 Infinitive absolute חָתוֺם Jer 32:44 construct לַחְתֹּם Dan 9:24, + vDan 9:24 Kt (Qr לְהָתֵם); Participle active חוֺתֵם Ezek 28:12 pass. חָתוּם Deut 32:24 + 2 t., etc.; —
1. seal, affix one's seal, in attestation; seal with king's seal (בְּחֹתָמוֺ) 1Kgs 21:8, בְּטַבַּעַת המלך Esth 8:8; Esth 8:10 of covenant with ׳י, attested by seal (passive) Neh 10:1; Neh 10:2 figurative, of ׳י putting his seal upon (בְּ) discipline, i.e. ratifying it, Job 33:16 perhaps also upon hand of man (that man may know ׳י's ways) Job 37:7 see De; Di below
2. seal up hand of man, so that he cannot work with it (in winter).
2. seal up, fasten up by sealing, a deed of sale Jer 32:10; Jer 32:11(opposed to הַגָּלוּי that which was left open,), vJer 32:14 vJer 32:44, a book of prophecy Dan 12:4 (|| סְתֹם הַדְּבָרים), compare vDan 12:9 (|| id.), Dan 9:24 b; so in simileof unintelligible prophecy Isa 29:11 (twice in verse); חֲתֹם תּוֺרָה בְּלְמֻּדָ֑י Isa 8:16 seal up the teaching among my disciples, i.e. keep it securely (|| צוֺר); of ׳י's remembrance of offences חָתוּם בְּאוֺצְרֹתָ֑י Deut 32:34 (|| כָּמֻס עְמָּדִי), so חָתוּם בִּצְרוֺר פִּשְׁעִי Job 14:17 (|| וַתִּטְפֹּל עַלעֲֿוֺנִי); מַעְיָן חָתוּם Song 4:12 a fountain sealed up, metaphor of chaste woman (|| גַּן (גַּל) נָעוּל); ׳וּבְעַד כּוֺכָבִים יַח Job 9:7 and about the stars he putteth a seal (|| of forbidding sun to rise). — אַתָּה חוֺתֵם תָּכְנִית Ezek 28:12 is obscure: thou wast one sealing proportion, i.e. perfection, — wast complete perfection, Ges Sm.; wast a sealer of symmetry see Da; wast a seal (ring) — i.e. חוֺתַם construct — of proportion Manuscripts ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Hi compare Ew; text perhaps corrupt, see suggestions in Co. — Dan 9:24 a read Qr לְהָתֵם (see תמם). Job 33:16; Job 37:7 see below
1. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular [or Participle?] נִכְתָּ֔ב וְנֶחְתָּ֖ם Esth 3:12 (it was) written and sealed בְּטַבַּעַת הַמֶּלֶךְ; Infinitive absolute וְנַחְתּוֺם Esth 8:8 (continuing participle נִכְתָּ֣ב) also + ׳בְּטַבַּעַת הַמּ; both passive of Qal 1. Pi`el Perfect 3 plural יוֺמָם חִתְּמוּלָֿמוֺ Job 24:16 literally by day they seal up for themselves, i.e. according to most, they shut themselves up, do not shew themselves (|| לֹא יָדְעוּ אוֺר); ᵐ5 C has ἡμέρας ἐσφράγισαν εἀυτοῖ ς (B and others εἁυτους), whence Siegf conjecture plausibly ׳ל ׳יָמִים ח they seal up the days unto themselves, i.e. daytime is for them sealed up and unused. Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular אוֺהֶֿחְתִּים בְּשָׁרוֺ מִזּוֺבוֺ Lev 15:3 or hath his flesh (genital organ) shewn stoppage by reason of his flux.

BDB9552 H2856 H2857

BDB9551 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9553

[חֲתַם] verb seal (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix (of stone) חַתְמֶהּ Dan 6:18 (ב instrumental).

sealed, up, seal, end, marked, …
ḥātam
to close up; especially to seal
  • to seal, seal up, affix a seal
    • (Qal)
      • to seal, affix one's seal
        • "to seal up, fasten up by sealing
      (Niphal) to seal"(Piel) to lock up"(Hiphil) to be stopped

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
גַּ֥ן נָע֖וּל Tipeha — a lesser break אֲחֹתִ֣י כַלָּ֑ה Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here גַּ֥ל נָע֖וּל Tipeha — a lesser break מַעְיָ֥ן חָתֽוּם Silluq — end of the verse

גַּן׀ נָעוּל אֲחֹתִי כַלָּה גַּל נָעוּל מַעְיָן חָתֽוּם׃
12
A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse; a spring shut up, a fountain sealed.
Cross References

Proverbs 5:15

שְׁתֵה-מַיִם מִבּוֹרֶךָ וְנֹזְלִים מִתּוֹךְ בְּאֵרֶֽךָ׃
15
Drink waters out of thine own cistern, and running waters out of thine own well.

Revelation 21:27

καὶ οὐ μὴ εἰσέλθῃ εἰς αὐτὴν πᾶν κοινοῦν καὶ ποιοῦν βδέλυγμα καὶ ψεῦδος εἰ μὴ οἱ γεγραμμένοι ἐν τῷ βιβλίῳ τῆς ζωῆς τοῦ ἀρνίου
27
And there shall in no wise enter into it any thing that defileth, neither whatsoever worketh abomination, or maketh a lie: but they which are written in the Lamb's book of life.

1 Corinthians 6:13

τὰ βρώματα τῇ κοιλίᾳ καὶ ἡ κοιλία τοῖς βρώμασιν ὁ δὲ θεὸς καὶ ταύτην καὶ ταῦτα καταργήσει τὸ δὲ σῶμα οὐ τῇ πορνείᾳ ἀλλὰ τῷ κυρίῳ καὶ ὁ κύριος τῷ σώματι·
13
Meats for the belly, and the belly for meats: but God shall destroy both it and them. the Now body is not for fornication, but for the Lord; and the Lord for the body.

Isaiah 61:10

שׂוֹשׂ אָשִׂישׂ בַּֽיהוָה תָּגֵל נַפְשִׁי בֵּֽאלֹהַי כִּי הִלְבִּישַׁנִי בִּגְדֵי-יֶשַׁע מְעִיל צְדָקָה יְעָטָנִי כֶּֽחָתָן יְכַהֵן פְּאֵר וְכַכַּלָּה תַּעְדֶּה כֵלֶֽיהָ׃
10
I will greatly rejoice in the LORD, my soul shall be joyful in my God; for he hath clothed me with the garments of salvation, he hath covered me with the robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom decketh himself with ornaments, and as a bride adorneth herself with her jewels.

1 Corinthians 7:34

μεμέρισται ἡ γυνὴ καὶ ἡ παρθένος ἡ ἄγαμος μεριμνᾷ τὰ τοῦ κυρίου ἵνα ᾖ ἁγία καὶ σώματι καὶ πνεύματι· ἡ δὲ γαμήσασα μεριμνᾷ τὰ τοῦ κόσμου πῶς ἀρέσει τῷ ἀνδρί
34
There is difference between also a wife and a virgin. The unmarried woman careth for the things of the Lord, that she may be holy both in body and in spirit: but she that is married careth for the things of the world, how she may please her husband.

1 Corinthians 6:19

ἢ οὐκ οἴδατε ὅτι τὸ σῶμα ὑμῶν ναὸς τοῦ ἐν ὑμῖν ἁγίου πνεύματός ἐστιν οὗ ἔχετε ἀπὸ θεοῦ καὶ οὐκ ἐστὲ ἑαυτῶν;
19
What? know ye not that your body is the temple of the Holy Ghost which is in you, which ye have of God, and ye are not your own?

Revelation 7:3

λέγων Μὴ ἀδικήσητε τὴν γῆν μήτε τὴν θάλασσαν μήτε τὰ δένδρα ἄχρις οὗ σφραγίζωμεν τοὺς δούλους τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν ἐπὶ τῶν μετώπων αὐτῶν
3
Saying, Hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees, till we have sealed the servants of our God in their foreheads.

Isaiah 58:11

וְנָחֲךָ יְהוָה תָּמִיד וְהִשְׂבִּיעַ בְּצַחְצָחוֹת נַפְשֶׁךָ וְעַצְמֹתֶיךָ יַחֲלִיץ וְהָיִיתָ כְּגַן רָוֶה וּכְמוֹצָא מַיִם אֲשֶׁר לֹא-יְכַזְּבוּ מֵימָֽיו׃
11
And the LORD shall guide thee continually, and satisfy thy soul in drought, and make fat thy bones: and thou shalt be like a watered garden, and like a spring of water, whose waters fail not.

Genesis 29:3

וְנֶֽאֶסְפוּ-שָׁמָּה כָל-הָֽעֲדָרִים וְגָלֲלוּ אֶת-הָאֶבֶן מֵעַל פִּי הַבְּאֵר וְהִשְׁקוּ אֶת-הַצֹּאן וְהֵשִׁיבוּ אֶת-הָאֶבֶן עַל-פִּי הַבְּאֵר לִמְקֹמָֽהּ׃
3
And thither were all the flocks gathered: and they rolled the stone from the well's mouth, and watered the sheep, and put the stone again upon the well's mouth in his place.

Jeremiah 31:12

וּבָאוּ וְרִנְּנוּ בִמְרוֹם-צִיּוֹן וְנָהֲרוּ אֶל-טוּב יְהוָה עַל-דָּגָן וְעַל-תִּירֹשׁ וְעַל-יִצְהָר וְעַל-בְּנֵי-צֹאן וּבָקָר וְהָיְתָה נַפְשָׁם כְּגַן רָוֶה וְלֹא-יוֹסִיפוּ לְדַאֲבָה עֽוֹד׃
12
Therefore they shall come and sing in the height of Zion, and shall flow together to the goodness of the LORD, for wheat, and for wine, and for oil, and for the young of the flock and of the herd: and their soul shall be as a watered garden; and they shall not sorrow any more at all.

Ephesians 4:30

καὶ μὴ λυπεῖτε τὸ πνεῦμα τὸ ἅγιον τοῦ θεοῦ ἐν ᾧ ἐσφραγίσθητε εἰς ἡμέραν ἀπολυτρώσεως
30
And grieve not the holy Spirit of God, whereby ye are sealed unto the day of redemption.

Song of Solomon 6:11

אֶל-גִּנַּת אֱגוֹז יָרַדְתִּי לִרְאוֹת בְּאִבֵּי הַנָּחַל לִרְאוֹת הֲפָֽרְחָה הַגֶּפֶן הֵנֵצוּ הָרִמֹּנִֽים׃
11
I went down into the garden of nuts to see the fruits of the valley, and to see whether the vine flourished, and the pomegranates budded.

Song of Solomon 6:2

דּוֹדִי יָרַד לְגַנּוֹ לַעֲרוּגוֹת הַבֹּשֶׂם לִרְעוֹת בַּגַּנִּים וְלִלְקֹט שֽׁוֹשַׁנִּֽים׃
2
My beloved is gone down into his garden, to the beds of spices, to feed in the gardens, and to gather lilies.

Ephesians 1:13

ἐν ᾧ καὶ ὑμεῖς ἀκούσαντες τὸν λόγον τῆς ἀληθείας τὸ εὐαγγέλιον τῆς σωτηρίας ὑμῶν ἐν ᾧ καὶ πιστεύσαντες ἐσφραγίσθητε τῷ πνεύματι τῆς ἐπαγγελίας τῷ ἁγίῳ
13
In whom ye also trusted, after that ye heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation: in whom also after that ye believed, ye were sealed with that holy Spirit of promise,

2 Corinthians 1:22

ὁ καὶ σφραγισάμενος ἡμᾶς καὶ δοὺς τὸν ἀῤῥαβῶνα τοῦ πνεύματος ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν
22
Who hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of the Spirit in our hearts.

Hosea 6:3

וְנֵדְעָה נִרְדְּפָה לָדַעַת אֶת-יְהוָה כְּשַׁחַר נָכוֹן מֹֽצָאוֹ וְיָבוֹא כַגֶּשֶׁם לָנוּ כְּמַלְקוֹשׁ יוֹרֶה אָֽרֶץ׃
3
Then shall we know, if we follow on to know the LORD: his going forth is prepared as the morning; and he shall come unto us as the rain, as the latter and former rain unto the earth.
Song of Solomon 4:11
Read Song of Solomon 4
Song of Solomon 4:13