Deuteronomy 28:18

אָר֥וּר פְּרִֽי בִטְנְךָ֖ וּפְרִ֣י אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ וְעַשְׁתְּרֹ֥ת צֹאנֶֽךָ
Cursed shall be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy land, the increase of thy kine, and the flocks of thy sheep.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

אָר֥וּר
אָר֥וּר
Root word cursed, curse, curseth, bitterly, cursest
Dictionary form: אָרַר · aw-RAHR

Verb — Qal, Participle Passive, masculine singular, absolute state simple action — "he did" a settled state — try "___ed"

In the KJV here: cursed
cursed ×30 curse ×6 that causeth the curse ×6 and cursed ×3 are cursed ×2 and curse him ×1 art cursed ×1 but cursed ×1
More options
curse — Most versatile; fits narrative, legal, and poetic contexts.
invoke a curse on — Emphasizes the ritual or speech-act dimension.
place under a curse — Highlights the resulting state; good for legal passages.
condemn — Broader register; useful when curse feels too supernatural.
doom — Conveys finality and divine judgment; vivid in prophetic texts.
execrate — Formal/literary; fits solemn covenantal or liturgical contexts.

BDB782 H779

BDB781 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB783

[אָרַר] verb curse (Assyrian arâru ZimBP 68; on relation of meanings bind & curse in Assyrian see DlPr 101) —

Qal Perfect וְאָרוֺתִ֫י, אָרוֺתִיהָ Mal 2:2 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תָּאֹר Exod 22:27; Num 22:6; Num 22:12 אָאֹר Gen 12:3 Imperative אָ֫רָהֿ Num 22:6; Num 23:7 אוֺרוּ, אֹרוּ & Infinitive absolute אָרוֺר all Judg 5:23 Participle אֹרֲרֵי Job 3:8 אֹרֲרֶיךָ Gen 27:29; Num 24:9 אָרוּר Gen 3:14 + 36 t. etc.; — curse || בֵּרֵךְ bless, chiefly in poetic & legal sources of J E D & later imitations: Gen 12:3; Gen 27:29 (J) Num 22:6; Num 22:12; Num 23:7; Num 24:9 (E) Exod 22:27 (E) Mal 2:2 אֹרוּ אָרוֺר ישְׁבֶיהָ = curse for ever her inhabitants Judg 5:23 אֹרֲרֵי יוֺם cursers of the day (magicians whose imprecations made days unlucky) Job 3:8. Passive participle אָרוּר, chiefly as exclamation, || בָּרוּךְ Gen 3:14; Gen 3:17; Gen 4:11; Gen 9:25; Gen 27:29; Gen 49:7; Num 22:12; Num 24:9 (E, poetry) Deut 27:15-26; Judg 21:18; Judg 1:24; Judg 14:28; Judg 26:29; Jer 11:3; Jer 17:5; Jer 20:14; Jer 20:15; Jer 48:10 (twice in verse); Mal 1:14 אֲרוּרִים הַשֹּׁגִים מִמִּצְוֺתֶיךָ cursed be those who wander from thy commands Ps 119:21 (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Jerome De Ri), הָאֲרוּרָה הַזּאֹת this cursed woman 2Kgs 9:34. Niph`al Participle נֵאָרִים cursed Mal 3:9. Pi`el 3 masculine singular suffix אֵרֲרָהּ curse, lay under a curse Gen 5:29 (J); Participle הַמַּיִם הַמְאָרֲרִים the curse-bringing waters Num 5:18-27 (P 6 t. waters destroying the perjured adulteress drinking them). Hoph`al Imperfect יוּאָ֑ר be cursed Num 22:6 (E).

cursed, curse, curseth, bitterly, cursest
ʾārar
to execrate
  • to curse
    • (Qal)
      • to curse
        • "cursed be he (participle used pr in curses)
      (Niphal) to be cursed, cursed"(Piel) to curse, lay under a curse, put a curse on"(Hophal) to be made a curse, be cursed

פְּרִֽי
פְּרִֽי
Root word fruit, fruits, fruitful, reward, boughs, …
Dictionary form: פְּרִי · peh-REE

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: shall be the fruit
the fruit ×25 fruit ×12 and the fruit ×11 her fruit ×6 of the fruit ×5 and in the fruit ×4 the fruit of them ×4 fruits ×3
More options
fruit — Most natural, universal rendering across nearly all contexts.
produce — Emphasizes agricultural yield; good for harvest or land contexts.
crop — Concrete, collective sense; suits field or orchard settings.
reward — Metaphorical sense; use when פְּרִי denotes consequence or outcome.
offspring — Figurative; fits idioms like 'fruit of the womb'.
result — Abstract register; captures metaphorical 'fruit' of actions or labor.

BDB6763 H6529

BDB6762 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6764

פְּרִי119 noun masculineHos 14:9 fruit; — absolute ׳פ Hos 9:16 +, פֶּ֑רִי Jer 12:12 +; especially construct פְּרִי Gen 4:3 +; suffix פִּרְיִי Prov 8:19, פֶּרְיְךָ Hos 14:9, פִּרְיוֺ Gen 3:6 +, וּפֶרְיְכֶם Ezek 36:8, פְּרִיהֶם Amos 9:14, פִּרְיָם Lam 2:20 +, פִּרְיָמוֺ Ps 21:11, פְּרִיהֶן Jer 29:28, פִּרְיָן vJer 29:5, etc.; —

1. פְּרִי הָאֲרָמָה Gen 4:3 (J), fruit of the ground, of produce in general, so Deut 7:13 + 9 t. Deuteronomy + 3 t.; הָאֶרֶץ ׳פ Num 13:20; Num 13:26; Num 13:27 (JE) + 5 t., compare Ezek 25:4 fruit of vineyard 2Kgs 19:29 = Isa 37:30; Zech 8:12; Isa 65:21; Song 8:11; Song 8:12, in figure Hos 10:11 + 5 t. + Ezek 17:14 (but strike out ᵐ5 Co and others); especially הָעֵץ ׳פ Gen 3:2; Gen 3:3; Gen 3:6; Exod 10:15 (all J) + 21 t., also, in figure, Amos 2:9; Hos 9:16 + 4 t. + Ezek 17:23 (read פּאֹרָה branches Co and others); of gardens Amos 9:14; Jer 29:5; Jer 29:28, figurative Song 4:12; Song 4:16 עֵץ פְּרִי is fruit-tree Gen 1:11; Ps 148:9, compare Eccl 2:5 אֶרֶץ פְּרִי Ps 107:34 פְּרִי תְּבוּאָךְ vPs 107:37 fruit of (consisting in) a crop; Ps 72:16 is dubious; Che Du interpret as 2; Bae proposes יִפְרוּ.
2. = offspring: fruit of womb (בֶּטֶן) Gen 30:2; Deut 7:13 + 9 t., compare Lam 2:20; Ps 21:11 of cattle (בְּהֵמָה) Deut 28:4; Deut 28:11; Deut 28:51; Deut 30:9 of serpent, figurative of power conquering Philistia Isa 14:29.
3. figurative of fruit of actions, i.e. their consequences: good Isa 3:10; Ps 58:12 bad Hos 10:13; Prov 1:31; Mic 7:13, of thoughts Jer 6:19 of result of removing sin Isa 27:9 result of labour (fruit of hands) Prov 31:16; Prov 31:31 product of works of ׳י Ps 104:13, of wisdom Prov 8:19 צְדָקָה ׳פ Amos 6:12, compare צַדִּיק ׳פ Prov 11:30 (read צֶדֶק ᵐ5 Hi Toy); of doings (i.e. course of life, or character) Jer 17:10; Jer 21:14; Jer 32:19 פִיאִֿישׁ ׳פ i.e. speech Prov 12:14; Prov 13:2; Prov 18:20 fruit of arrogance Isa 10:12 is arrogant speech; fruit of tongue Prov 18:21 = consequences of speech.

I, II. פָּרָה see III. פרר. פֶּרֶה see פֶּרֶא.

[פֵּרָה], פֵּרוֺת Isa 2:20 see [ חֲפַרְפָּרָה].

fruit, fruits, fruitful, reward, boughs, …
pĕrî
fruit (literally or figuratively)
  • fruit
    • fruit, produce (of the ground)
      • "fruit, offspring, children, progeny (of the womb)"fruit (of actions) (figuratively)

בִטְנְ ךָ֖
בִטְנְ
Root word womb, belly, body, within, born
ךָ֖
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: בֶּטֶן · beh-TEN

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of thy body
of the belly ×5 of thy body ×5 womb ×5 from the womb ×3 of the womb ×3 belly ×2 his belly ×2 me from the womb ×2
More options
womb — Best for birth/pregnancy contexts; most precise anatomical term.
belly — Modernizes KJV; good for hunger, pain, or body imagery.
abdomen — Clinical/neutral; suits literal anatomical description.
stomach — Informal; natural in everyday speech about the midsection.
body — Prefer when 'flesh of your body' or lineage is the focus.
depths — Figurative; suits poetic lines about inward being or soul.

BDB1028 H990

BDB1027 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1029

I. בֶ֫טֶן noun feminineNum 5:25 belly, body, womb (Arabic ) — ׳בּ absolute Judg 13:7 +; בָּ֑טֶן vJudg 13:5 +; construct בֶּטֶן Ps 139:13 +; suffix בִּטְנִי Job 3:10 +; בִּטְנְךָ Deut 7:13 +; בִּטְנֵךְ Gen 25:23 בִּטְנוֺ Job 15:2 +, etc.; —

1. a. belly, abdomen, of man Judg 3:21; Judg 3:22 of woman Num 5:21; Num 5:22; Num 5:27 as beautiful in form Song 7:3 as seat of hunger Prov 13:25 as eating Ezek 3:3 (|| מֵעִים); compare Prov 18:20 (figurative); as seat of passion, avarice, etc. Job 20:20; Job 20:23 in figure of God's casting riches out of extortioner's belly Job 20:15 (|| וַיְקִאֶנּוּ), compare also Ps 17:14 figurative of innermost part of man = inmost soul Prov 18:8 = Prov 26:22; Prov 20:27; Prov 20:30 (all ׳חַדְרֵי ב); as seat of intell. faculties (= English breast or bosom) Prov 22:18 (compare מֵעִים Ps 40:9) Job 15:2; Job 15:35; Job 32:18, רוּחַ בִּטְנִי vJob 15:19 as trembling at theophany Hab 3:16.
  b. belly of hippopotamus Job 40:16.
  c. בֶּטֶן שְׁאוֺל Jonah 2:3 (Jonah's prayer: || מְצוּלָה בִּלְבַכ יַמִּים).
2. body, opposed to soul Ps 31:10 (opposed to נֶפֶשׁ), also Ps 44:26 (opposed to id.; — on this compare ZimBp 71).
3. womb Gen 25:23; Gen 25:24; Gen 38:27 (all J) Hos 12:4; Job 10:19 (|| רֶחֶם vJob 10:18) Eccl 11:5; Job 31:15 הֲלֹא בַבֶּטֶן עשֵֹׁנִי עָשָׂ֑הוּ did not he that made me in the womb make him (|| וַיְכֻנֶנּוּ בָּרֶחֶם אֶחָד); compare Ps 139:13 תְּסֻכֵּנִי בְּבֶטֶן, & Jer 1:5 especially ׳פְּרִי ב i.e. offspring Gen 30:2 (E) Ps 127:3; Isa 13:18; Prov 31:2 בַּר בִּטְנִי = my son (|| בְּרִי) compare בֶּןבִּֿטְנָהּ Isa 49:15 of birth יָצָא מִבֶּטֶן Job 1:21; Job 3:11; Eccl 5:14 בֶּטֶן alone = birth Hos 9:11 (|| לֵדָה, הֵרָיוֺן), compare Figurative מִבֶּטֶן מִי יָצָא הַקָּ֑רַח Job 38:29 out of whose womb came the ice ? compare לֹא סָגַר דַּלְתֵי בִּטְנִי Job 3:10 i.e. of my (mother's) womb; גָּחָה מִבֶּטֶן take, draw out of the womb, subject ׳י (i.e. cause to be born) Ps 22:10 פְּרִי בֶטֶןused also of father Mic 6:7, compare Ps 132:11 (David as ancestor of Messianic King); Job 19:17 בְּנֵי בִטְנִי sons of my body, of doubtful interpretation, perhaps = sons of my (mother's) womb, compare Job 3:10 (Ges De), i.e. my brother or men of my clan RSK 33 f., others my sons (Ew), my grandsons (Di); also in addressing Israel As a whole (masculine suffix) Deut 7:13; Deut 28:4; Deut 28:11; Deut 28:18; Deut 28:53; Deut 30:9, compare מַחֲמַדֵּי בִטְנָם Hos 9:16 beloved ones of their womb; (מִבֶּטֶן) מִןהַֿבֶּטֶן = from birth Judg 13:5; Judg 13:7; Ps 58:4; Ps 71:6, compare also Isa 44:2; Isa 44:24; Isa 46:3 (|| רָחַ֑ם) Isa 48:8; Isa 49:1; Isa 49:5 מִבֶּטֶן נִמִּי id. Judg 16:17; Job 31:18; Ps 22:11 (|| רֶחֶם).
4. architectural word of some rounded projection connected with the two pillars Jachin & Boaz 1Kgs 7:20 (Klo reads הבית).

womb, belly, body, within, born
beṭen
the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything
  • belly, womb, body
    • belly, abdomen
      • as seat of hunger, as seat of mental faculties, of depth of Sheol (figuratively)
      womb

וּ פְרִ֣י
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
פְרִ֣י
Root word fruit, fruits, fruitful, reward, boughs, …
Dictionary form: פְּרִי · peh-REE

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and the fruit
the fruit ×25 fruit ×12 and the fruit ×11 her fruit ×6 of the fruit ×5 and in the fruit ×4 the fruit of them ×4 fruits ×3
More options
fruit — Most natural, universal rendering across nearly all contexts.
produce — Emphasizes agricultural yield; good for harvest or land contexts.
crop — Concrete, collective sense; suits field or orchard settings.
reward — Metaphorical sense; use when פְּרִי denotes consequence or outcome.
offspring — Figurative; fits idioms like 'fruit of the womb'.
result — Abstract register; captures metaphorical 'fruit' of actions or labor.

BDB6763 H6529

BDB6762 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6764

פְּרִי119 noun masculineHos 14:9 fruit; — absolute ׳פ Hos 9:16 +, פֶּ֑רִי Jer 12:12 +; especially construct פְּרִי Gen 4:3 +; suffix פִּרְיִי Prov 8:19, פֶּרְיְךָ Hos 14:9, פִּרְיוֺ Gen 3:6 +, וּפֶרְיְכֶם Ezek 36:8, פְּרִיהֶם Amos 9:14, פִּרְיָם Lam 2:20 +, פִּרְיָמוֺ Ps 21:11, פְּרִיהֶן Jer 29:28, פִּרְיָן vJer 29:5, etc.; —

1. פְּרִי הָאֲרָמָה Gen 4:3 (J), fruit of the ground, of produce in general, so Deut 7:13 + 9 t. Deuteronomy + 3 t.; הָאֶרֶץ ׳פ Num 13:20; Num 13:26; Num 13:27 (JE) + 5 t., compare Ezek 25:4 fruit of vineyard 2Kgs 19:29 = Isa 37:30; Zech 8:12; Isa 65:21; Song 8:11; Song 8:12, in figure Hos 10:11 + 5 t. + Ezek 17:14 (but strike out ᵐ5 Co and others); especially הָעֵץ ׳פ Gen 3:2; Gen 3:3; Gen 3:6; Exod 10:15 (all J) + 21 t., also, in figure, Amos 2:9; Hos 9:16 + 4 t. + Ezek 17:23 (read פּאֹרָה branches Co and others); of gardens Amos 9:14; Jer 29:5; Jer 29:28, figurative Song 4:12; Song 4:16 עֵץ פְּרִי is fruit-tree Gen 1:11; Ps 148:9, compare Eccl 2:5 אֶרֶץ פְּרִי Ps 107:34 פְּרִי תְּבוּאָךְ vPs 107:37 fruit of (consisting in) a crop; Ps 72:16 is dubious; Che Du interpret as 2; Bae proposes יִפְרוּ.
2. = offspring: fruit of womb (בֶּטֶן) Gen 30:2; Deut 7:13 + 9 t., compare Lam 2:20; Ps 21:11 of cattle (בְּהֵמָה) Deut 28:4; Deut 28:11; Deut 28:51; Deut 30:9 of serpent, figurative of power conquering Philistia Isa 14:29.
3. figurative of fruit of actions, i.e. their consequences: good Isa 3:10; Ps 58:12 bad Hos 10:13; Prov 1:31; Mic 7:13, of thoughts Jer 6:19 of result of removing sin Isa 27:9 result of labour (fruit of hands) Prov 31:16; Prov 31:31 product of works of ׳י Ps 104:13, of wisdom Prov 8:19 צְדָקָה ׳פ Amos 6:12, compare צַדִּיק ׳פ Prov 11:30 (read צֶדֶק ᵐ5 Hi Toy); of doings (i.e. course of life, or character) Jer 17:10; Jer 21:14; Jer 32:19 פִיאִֿישׁ ׳פ i.e. speech Prov 12:14; Prov 13:2; Prov 18:20 fruit of arrogance Isa 10:12 is arrogant speech; fruit of tongue Prov 18:21 = consequences of speech.

I, II. פָּרָה see III. פרר. פֶּרֶה see פֶּרֶא.

[פֵּרָה], פֵּרוֺת Isa 2:20 see [ חֲפַרְפָּרָה].

fruit, fruits, fruitful, reward, boughs, …
pĕrî
fruit (literally or figuratively)
  • fruit
    • fruit, produce (of the ground)
      • "fruit, offspring, children, progeny (of the womb)"fruit (of actions) (figuratively)

אַדְמָתֶ ֑ךָ
אַדְמָתֶ
Root word land, earth, ground, lands, husbandry, …
֑ךָ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: אֲדָמָה · uh-daw-MAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of thy land
the land ×52 of the earth ×24 the ground ×22 the earth ×18 their land ×10 their own land ×9 land ×8 of thy land ×8
More options
ground — Best for soil/surface underfoot; earthy, physical sense.
soil — Ideal for agricultural or cultivation contexts.
land — Good for territory or region belonging to someone.
earth — Broader cosmic or material sense; pairs well with 'sky'.
farmland — Use when husbandry or crop-growing is explicit.
terrain — Neutral option when geography or landscape is stressed.

BDB109 H127 H128

BDB108 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB110

אֲדָמָה224 noun feminine ground, land (as tilled, German bebaut ? DlPr 105, but Fleisch. (MerxArchiv 1, 236 f) compare Arabic , skin, as smoothly covering & close-fitting; √ דם compare Arabic smear (spread over surface); compare also NöZMG 1886, 737) — ׳א Gen 1:25 +; construct אַדְמַת Gen 47:20 +; suffix אַדְמָתִי Job 31:38 + 2 t. etc.; plural אֲדָמוֺת Ps 49:12 —

1. ground (as tilled, yielding sustenance) Gen 2:5; Gen 2:9; Gen 3:17; Gen 3:23; Gen 4:2; Gen 4:3; Gen 4:12; Gen 5:29; Gen 8:21; Gen 19:25; Gen 47:23; Exod 34:26 (all J); Exod 23:19 (E) Deut 7:13; Deut 11:17; Deut 26:2; Deut 26:10; Deut 26:15; Deut 28:4; Deut 28:11; Deut 28:18; Deut 28:33; Deut 28:42; Deut 28:51; Deut 30:9; 2Sam 9:10; Isa 1:7; Isa 28:24; Isa 30:23 (twice in verse); Isa 30:24; Jer 7:20; Jer 14:4; Jer 25:33; Hag 1:11; Mal 3:11; Ps 83:11; Ps 105:35; Prov 12:11; Prov 28:19; 1Chr 27:26; Neh 10:36; Neh 10:38 compare figurative Job 5:6 (|| עפר); personified Job 31:38; Joel 1:10 also ׳אִישׁ הָא Gen 9:20 (J) tiller, husbandman; meton. ׳אֹהֵב א 2Chr 26:10 i.e. lover of husbandry (or do these point to earlier meaning tillage ? compare DlPr 105) ׳אִישׁ עֹבֵד א Zech 13:5.
2. piece of ground, landed property Gen 47:18; Gen 47:19 (3 t. in verse); Gen 47:20; Gen 47:22 (twice in verse); Gen 47:23; Gen 47:26 (all J) Ps 49:12 (plural)
3. earth as material substance; of which man is made Gen 2:7 (׳עָפָד מִןהָֿא); so animals vGen 2:19 (׳מִןהָֿא); altar Exod 20:24 earthen vessels ׳חַרְשֵׂי א Isa 45:9 on head, sign of woe 1Sam 4:12; 2Sam 1:2; 2Sam 15:32 of contrition Neh 9:1 (compare אֵפֶר, עָפָר; ׳מַעֲבֵה הָא 1Kgs 7:46 compare 2Chr 4:17 (firmness of earth, firm earth, clay-ground, for casting-moulds; or clay-moulds (Berthau) ? or is this n.pr. ? Klo proposes בַּמְּעָרָה הָאֲדֻמָּה in the red cave); mule-loads of 2Kgs 5:17 in it lie the dead מִיְּשֵׁנֵי אַדְמַתעָֿפָר Dan 12:2 compare Gen 3:19; Gen 3:23; Ps 146:4.
4. ground as earth's visible surface; ׳רֶמֶס הָא Gen 1:25; Gen 6:20 (both P) Hos 2:20 compare Gen 7:8; Gen 9:2 (J ?) Lev 20:25 (P) Deut 4:18; Ezek 38:20 also Gen 4:10 (J) Isa 24:21; Amos 3:5; Zeph 1:2; Zeph 1:3 as wet with dew 2Sam 17:12 rain 1Kgs 17:14; 1Kgs 18:1 compare personified אֶתפִּֿיהָ ׳פָּֽצְתָה הָא Num 16:30 (P) (|| ארץ vNum 16:32), see vNum 16:31 of particular place, spot קֹדֶשׁ ׳א Exod 3:5 especially as abode of man Gen 4:11; Exod 10:6; Deut 4:10; Deut 4:40; Deut 12:1; 1Sam 20:31; 2Sam 14:7 often ׳פְּנֵי הָא Gen 2:6; Gen 4:14; Gen 6:1; Gen 6:7; Gen 7:4; Gen 7:23; Gen 8:8; Gen 8:13; Exod 32:12; Exod 33:16; Num 12:3; Deut 6:15; Deut 7:6 (all J, D) 1Sam 20:15 + 9 t.
5. land, territory, country (= ארץ) Gen 47:19 (J) Lev 20:24 (J ? — || ארץ) construct before proper name מִצְרַיִם ׳א Gen 47:20; Gen 47:26 יְהוּדָה ׳א Isa 19:17 יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳א Ezek 11:17 + 16 t. Ezekiel; especially of land as promised or given by ׳י to his people = Canaan Gen 28:15; Exod 20:12; Num 11:12; Num 32:11 (all J ?) Deut 5:16 + 16 t. Deuteronomy, Joshua; 1Kgs 8:34; 1Kgs 8:40 +; Jer 16:15; Jer 24:10; Jer 25:5; Jer 35:15; Ezek 28:25; 2Chr 6:25; 2Chr 6:31; 2Chr 7:20; 2Chr 33:8 compare also Deut 12:19; Deut 21:23; Deut 29:27; 2Kgs 17:23; Isa 6:11; Isa 7:16; Isa 14:1 +, Ezek 34:13; Ezek 34:27 +, Neh 9:25 (שְׁמֵנָה ׳א), — in all with 41 t.; + Joel 2:21 (personified); הַקֹּדֶשׁ ׳א Zech 2:16 (compare below 4 above); hence also as Yahweh's land Deut 32:43; Isa 14:2; Zech 9:16; 2Chr 7:20.
6. whole earth, inhabited earth (seldom; compare also ׳פְּנֵי הָא below 4 above) Gen 12:3; Gen 28:14 (both J compare אֶרֶץ Gen 18:18; Gen 22:18; Gen 26:4) Deut 14:2; Amos 3:2; Isa 24:21.
7. proper name, of a location city in Naphtali (as built compare אָדָם 4 ? = ed-Dâme ?) west of L. Gennes. Josh 19:36 see Di.

land, earth, ground, lands, husbandry, …
ʾădāmâ
soil (from its general redness)
  • ground, land
    • ground (as general, tilled, yielding sustenance)
      • "piece of ground, a specific plot of land"earth substance (for building or constructing)"ground as earth's visible surface"land, territory, country"whole inhabited earth"city in Naphtali

שְׁגַ֥ר
שְׁגַ֥ר
Root word increase, cometh
Dictionary form: שֶׁגֶר · sheh-ɡER

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: the increase
the increase ×3 or the increase ×1 that cometh ×1
More options
offspring — Broad, natural term for animal young; widely understood.
firstborn young — Highlights the firstling nuance in sacrificial/legal contexts.
newborn — Emphasizes the fresh-birth aspect; suits poetic or vivid prose.
yield — Collective sense; good for flock/herd productivity passages.
young of the flock — Contextually explicit; best when animal species is specified.

BDB8471 H7698

BDB8470 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8472

שֶׁ֫גֶּר noun [feminine AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 70] offspring, young of beasts (שגר id. Eccl 40:19 compare WeSkizzen iii. 170); — construct ׳שׁ; — בְּהֵמָה ׳כָּלפֶּֿטֶר שׁ Exod 13:12 (J; רֶחֶם ׳כָּלטֿ precedes); also שְׁגַר אֲלָפֶיךָ Deut 7:13; Deut 28:4; Deut 28:18; Deut 28:51 (all || עַשְׁתְּרֹת צאֹנֶ֑ךָ).

שַׁד, II. שֹׁד breast, see שׁדה.

increase, cometh
šeger
the fœtus (as finally expelled)
  • offspring, young or offspring of beasts

אֲלָפֶ֖י ךָ
אֲלָפֶ֖י
Root word kine, oxen, family
ךָ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: אֶלֶף · eh-LEP

Noun — Common, masculine plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of thy kine
of thy kine ×4 and oxen ×1 my family ×1 oxen ×1 the oxen ×1
More options
ox — Most direct rendering; suits narrative and legal contexts.
cattle — Collective sense; good when number is unspecified.
bull — Emphasizes the male animal; use in cultic or agricultural settings.
clan — Social/familial meaning; prefer in tribal or genealogical passages.
herd — Collective; highlights livestock as a group or asset.
family group — Softer social rendering; suits kinship or census contexts.

BDB502 H504

BDB501 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB503

I. [ֶ֫ אלֶף] noun masculinePs 8:8; only plural cattle (Phoenician אלף, Assyrian alpu, COTGloss) — אֲלָפִים Prov 14:4; Isa 30:24 used in tillage; subject to man Ps 8:8 (|| צֹנֶה); their increase שְׁגַר אֲלָפֶיךָ a blessing Deut 7:13; Deut 28:4; Deut 28:18; Deut 28:51 (|| all עַשְׁתִּרֹת צאֹנֶ֑ךָ).

kine, oxen, family
ʾelep
a family; also (from the sense of yoking or taming) an ox or cow
  • cattle, oxen
    • in farming
      • "as a possession

וְ עַשְׁתְּרוֹת
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
עַשְׁתְּרוֹת
Root word a name — transliterate it ("And the flocks")
Dictionary form: עַשְׁתְּרָה · ash-teh-RAW

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: and the flocks
and the flocks ×3 or flocks ×1
More options
flock — Most natural, widely understood term for sheep/goat groups.
herd — Use when context suggests cattle or mixed livestock.
livestock — Broader term; good when species is unspecified.
sheep — Species-specific; prefer when context clearly indicates sheep.
drove — Slightly literary; suits poetic or elevated passages.

BDB6476 H6251

BDB6475 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6477

II. [עַשְׁתָּרוֺת] noun plural feminine only construct in phrase עַשְׁתְּר(וֺ)ת צאֶֹ נ֑ךָ Deut 7:13; Deut 28:4; Deut 28:18; Deut 28:51 (all || שְׁגַר אֲלָפֶיךָ) usually interpreted either as
  a. = ewes (Thes) or as
  b. = young (compare veneres gregis; in either case with reference to ±Aštart as goddess of fecundity; RSSemitic i. 292, 457 f., 2nd ed. 310, 476 f., adopting b, thinks one type of ±Ašt in Canaan had form of sheep, so DrDeut 7:13); compare also as name of land fertilized by dew and rain WeSkizzen iii. 170.

flocks
ʿaštĕrâ
increase
  • ewe, flock, increase, young

צֹאנֶֽ ךָ
צֹאנֶֽ
Root word sheep, flock, flocks, cattle, lamb
ךָ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: צֹאן · tsone

Noun — Common, both singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of thy sheep
sheep ×37 the flock ×27 the sheep ×15 of the flock ×14 the flocks ×13 and sheep ×8 my flock ×8 of thy sheep ×6
More options
flock — Best general term; suits collective pastoral contexts.
sheep — Use when individual animals or species are in focus.
herd — Prefer when size or movement of the group is emphasized.
flock of sheep — Explicit compound; good for clarity in ambiguous contexts.
flock of goats — Use when context specifies goats within the broader term.
livestock — Broadest rendering; suits economic or property contexts.

BDB6901 H6629

BDB6900 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6902

צאֹן273 collective noun feminineGen 30:36 (possibly masculine vGen 30:39 a +, KöSynt. § 247 g, but dubious, vGen 30:39b with verb feminine plural, as usually; in 1Sam 15:14 join הַוֶּה with קוֺל; see further AlbrZAW xv (1895), 316 ff.) small cattle, sheep and goats, flock, flocks; — ׳צ absolute Gen 4:2 +; construct Gen 29:9 +; suffix צאֹנוֺ Gen 4:4 +; צאֹנֵנוּ Exod 10:9, צאֹונֵוּ Ps 144:13 as plural צאֹנֵינוֺ Neh 10:37 van d. H. Gi (not Baer; very late, si vera lectio), etc.; —

1. literally
  a. small cattle, usually of sheep and goats in one flock (RobBR i. 477) Gen 30:31; Gen 30:32 +; sheep specified also Gen 21:28 (׳כִּבְשׂת הַצּ), Gen 31:28 (׳אֵילֵי צ) +; sheep only 1Sam 25:2 (+עִוִּים); goats specified Gen 27:9; Jer 50:8 ׳צ as yielding (1) animals for food Amos 6:4 (בָּרִים), 1Sam 14:32; 2Sam 12:4; Neh 5:18 +; מַאְַבָל ׳צ Ps 44:12 (in simile); (2) wool Gen 31:19 + (see [ גָּזַז], גֵּז); (3) milk, ׳חֲלֵב צ Deut 32:14 (? goats' milk, compare Prov 27:27); (4) sacrificial victims Gen 4:4 (J), Lev 1:2; Lev 1:10; Lev 3:6; Num 15:3 (all P), Num 22:40 (E), Deut 12:6; Deut 12:17; Deut 12:21 + often; so צאֹן קָדָשִׁים Ezek 36:38 a, compare בְקָרֵינוּ וְצאֹנֵינוּ בְּכוֺרֵי Neh 10:37 in general as property (often + בָּקָר, etc.) Gen 12:16; Gen 13:5; Gen 24:35; Job 1:3; Job 42:12 + often (see also II. [עַשְׁתָּרוֺת]); gift Gen 20:14; Gen 21:27; Gen 38:17 (goat), Deut 15:14; 2Chr 17:11 booty 1Sam 15:9; 1Sam 15:15 + .
  b. ׳צ sometimes of a definite number of animals (i.e. as plural of שֶׂה, etc.): two Isa 7:21, four Exod 21:37 (larger numbers see 1Sam 25:2; 1Sam 25:5; 1Sam 25:18; Num 31:32; Num 31:36; Neh 5:18; Job 1:3; Job 42:12 above). — See also בֵּן 7 b; גְּדֵרָה, מִכְלָה, מַרְבֵּץ, נָוֶה, עֵדֶר; כֶלֶב, רֹצֶה, שַׁצֵר.
2. simile of multitude Ezek 36:37; Ezek 36:38, compare Ps 107:41 of children Job 21:11 of dead, with death as shepherd Ps 49:15 of (shepherdless) Israel Num 27:17; 1Kgs 22:17 = 2Chr 18:16; Zech 10:2; Zech 13:7, wandering in sin Isa 53:6 of Israel led by ׳י Ps 77:21; Ps 78:52; Ps 80:2, compare Zech 9:16 (on text see We Now); Ezek 34:12 of Israel in distress, טִבְחָת ׳כְּצ Ps 44:23, compare (of wicked) לְטִבְתָה ׳צ Jer 12:3 of scattered Babylonian Isa 13:14.
3. metaphor of multitude, אָרָם ׳צ Ezek 36:38 of Israel 2Sam 24:17 = 1Chr 21:17; Jer 23:1; Jer 23:2; Jer 23:3; Ezek 24:5, and especially sustained figurative Ezek 34:2; Ezek 34:3 + 17 t. 34, also Zech 11:7; Zech 11:17 אֹבְדוֺת ׳צ Jer 50:6, תִּפְאַרְתֵךְ ׳צ Jer 13:20 of Israel under ׳י's care, (וֺ-, יִ֯) מַרְעִיתֶ֑ךָד ׳צ Ps 74:1; Ps 79:13; Ps 100:3; Ezek 34:31, also יָדוֺ ׳צ Ps 95:7(|| מַרְעִיתוֺעַםֿ; read perhaps מַרְעִיתוֺ ׳צ, צַם יָדוֺ, so Che and others); נַחֲלָתֶךָ ׳צ Mic 7:14 also in combinations: ׳אַדִּירֵי הַצֵּ Jer 25:34; Jer 25:35; Jer 25:36, חַהֲרֵגָה ׳צ Zech 11:4; Zech 11:7 (compare Ps 44:23), ׳עֲנִיֵּי הַצּ vPs 44:7 vPs 44:11 (all of Israel); of Edom ׳צְעִירֵי הַ צּ Jer 49:20; Jer 50:45.

sheep, flock, flocks, cattle, lamb
ṣōn
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
  • small cattle, sheep, sheep and goats, flock, flocks
    • small cattle (usually of sheep and goats)
      • "of multitude (simile)"of multitude (metaphor)

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
אָר֥וּר פְּרִֽי בִטְנְךָ֖ Tipeha — a lesser break וּפְרִ֣י אַדְמָתֶ֑ךָ Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here שְׁגַ֥ר אֲלָפֶ֖יךָ Tipeha — a lesser break וְעַשְׁתְּרֹ֥ת צֹאנֶֽךָ Silluq — end of the verse

אָרוּר פְּרִֽי-בִטְנְךָ וּפְרִי אַדְמָתֶךָ שְׁגַר אֲלָפֶיךָ וְעַשְׁתְּרֹת צֹאנֶֽךָ׃
18
Cursed shall be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy land, the increase of thy kine, and the flocks of thy sheep.
Cross References

Leviticus 26:26

בְּשִׁבְרִי לָכֶם מַטֵּה-לֶחֶם וְאָפוּ עֶשֶׂר נָשִׁים לַחְמְכֶם בְּתַנּוּר אֶחָד וְהֵשִׁיבוּ לַחְמְכֶם בַּמִּשְׁקָל וַֽאֲכַלְתֶּם וְלֹא תִשְׂבָּֽעוּ׃
26
And when I have broken the staff of your bread, ten women shall bake your bread in one oven, and they shall deliver you your bread again by weight: and ye shall eat, and not be satisfied.

Psalms 109:9

יִֽהְיוּ-בָנָיו יְתוֹמִים וְאִשְׁתּוֹ אַלְמָנָֽה׃
9
Let his children be fatherless, and his wife a widow.

Lamentations 2:20

רְאֵה יְהוָה וְֽהַבִּיטָה לְמִי עוֹלַלְתָּ כֹּה אִם-תֹּאכַלְנָה נָשִׁים פִּרְיָם עֹלֲלֵי טִפֻּחִים אִם-יֵהָרֵג בְּמִקְדַּשׁ אֲדֹנָי כֹּהֵן וְנָבִֽיא׃
20
Behold, O LORD, and consider to whom thou hast done this. Shall the women eat their fruit, and children of a span long? shall the priest and the prophet be slain in the sanctuary of the Lord?

Deuteronomy 28:4

בָּרוּךְ פְּרִֽי-בִטְנְךָ וּפְרִי אַדְמָֽתְךָ וּפְרִי בְהֶמְתֶּךָ שְׁגַר אֲלָפֶיךָ וְעַשְׁתְּרוֹת צֹאנֶֽךָ׃
4
Blessed shall be the fruit of thy body, and the fruit of thy ground, and the fruit of thy cattle, the increase of thy kine, and the flocks of thy sheep.

Leviticus 26:19

וְשָֽׁבַרְתִּי אֶת-גְּאוֹן עֻזְּכֶם וְנָֽתַתִּי אֶת-שְׁמֵיכֶם כַּבַּרְזֶל וְאֶֽת-אַרְצְכֶם כַּנְּחֻשָֽׁה׃
19
And I will break the pride of your power; and I will make your heaven as iron, and your earth as brass:

Deuteronomy 28:16

אָרוּר אַתָּה בָּעִיר וְאָרוּר אַתָּה בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃
16
Cursed shalt thou be in the city, and cursed shalt thou be in the field.

Job 18:16

מִתַּחַת שָֽׁרָשָׁיו יִבָשׁוּ וּמִמַּעַל יִמַּל קְצִירֽוֹ׃
16
His roots shall be dried up beneath, and above shall his branch be cut off.

Habakkuk 3:17

כִּֽי-תְאֵנָה לֹֽא-תִפְרָח וְאֵין יְבוּל בַּגְּפָנִים כִּחֵשׁ מַעֲשֵׂה-זַיִת וּשְׁדֵמוֹת לֹא-עָשָׂה אֹכֶל גָּזַר מִמִּכְלָה צֹאן וְאֵין בָּקָר בָּרְפָתִֽים׃
17
Although the fig tree shall not blossom, neither shall fruit be in the vines; the labour of the olive shall fail, and the fields shall yield no meat; the flock shall be cut off from the fold, and there shall be no herd in the stalls:

Deuteronomy 5:9

לֹֽא-תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶה לָהֶם וְלֹא תָֽעָבְדֵם כִּי אָֽנֹכִי יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ אֵל קַנָּא פֹּקֵד עֲוֹן אָבוֹת עַל-בָּנִים וְעַל-שִׁלֵּשִׁים וְעַל-רִבֵּעִים לְשֹֽׂנְאָֽי׃
9
Thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me,

Luke 23:29

ὅτι ἰδού ἔρχονται ἡμέραι ἐν αἷς ἐροῦσιν Μακάριαι αἱ στεῖραι καὶ κοιλίαι αἱ οὐκ ἐγέννησαν καὶ μαστοὶ οἳ οὐκ ἔθήλασαν
29
For, behold, the days are coming, in the which they shall say, Blessed are the barren, and the wombs that never bare, and the paps which never gave suck.

Lamentations 2:11

כָּלוּ בַדְּמָעוֹת עֵינַי חֳמַרְמְרוּ מֵעַי נִשְׁפַּךְ לָאָרֶץ כְּבֵדִי עַל-שֶׁבֶר בַּת-עַמִּי בֵּֽעָטֵף עוֹלֵל וְיוֹנֵק בִּרְחֹבוֹת קִרְיָֽה׃
11
Mine eyes do fail with tears, my bowels are troubled, my liver is poured upon the earth, for the destruction of the daughter of my people; because the children and the sucklings swoon in the streets of the city.

Hosea 9:11

אֶפְרַיִם כָּעוֹף יִתְעוֹפֵף כְּבוֹדָם מִלֵּדָה וּמִבֶּטֶן וּמֵהֵרָיֽוֹן׃
11
As for Ephraim, their glory shall fly away like a bird, from the birth, and from the womb, and from the conception.

Malachi 2:3

הִנְנִי גֹעֵר לָכֶם אֶת-הַזֶּרַע וְזֵרִיתִי פֶרֶשׁ עַל-פְּנֵיכֶם פֶּרֶשׁ חַגֵּיכֶם וְנָשָׂא אֶתְכֶם אֵלָֽיו׃
3
Behold, I will corrupt your seed, and spread dung upon your faces, even the dung of your solemn feasts; and one shall take you away with it.
Deuteronomy 28:17
Read Deuteronomy 28
Deuteronomy 28:19