Deuteronomy 3:25

אֶעְבְּרָה

Root word over, through, pass, passed, on, …

Dictionary form: עָבַר · aw-BAHR

Verb — Qal, Cohortative, first person singular simple action — "he did" a resolve — try "let me ___" / "let us ___" the built-in subject is "I"

In the KJV here: let me go over

passed over ×18 pass over ×14 passed ×13 pass ×11 and passed over ×10 went over ×9 go over ×8 shall pass through ×8

More options

pass — Most versatile; suits movement across or through any space.

cross — Best when traversing a boundary, river, or border.

go over — Emphasizes moving to the other side of something.

transgress — Use for moral/legal violations; crossing a forbidden line.

move through — Suits passage within or along a space or crowd.

go by — Informal; good for time passing or someone walking past.

BDB5765 H5674

עָבַר₅₄₈ verb pass over, through, by, pass on (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Zinjirli עבר Haph`el Lzb³³⁶ Cook^{88, perhaps} also Nabataean עבר Id^ib.; ᵑ7 עֲבַר, Syriac id.; Assyrian ebêru, id. Dl^{HWB 10}, and derivatives; Arabic id., and derivatives; Sabean עבר = Hebrew עִבַּר

1. Mordt^{SabDenkm 49}; עברת passage, march through DHM^{ZMG xxix (1875), 614} also bank or neighbourhood of a stream SabDenkm⁴⁹); —

Qal₄₆₅ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע Gen 15:17 +, suffix עֲבָרוֺ Jer 23:9 1 singular עָבַ֫רְתִּי 1Sam 15:24 +; 2 masculine plural עֲבַרְתֶּם Gen 18:5 +; 1 plural עָבַ֫רְנוּ Josh 24:17 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲבֹר Amos 8:5 +, יַעֲבָרֿ Gen 33:14 +, suffix 3 masculine singular יַעַבְרֶ֫נּוּ Isa 33:21; Isa 35:8, יַעַבְרֶ֫נְהוּ Jer 5:22, וַיַּעֲבֹר Gen 12:6 +; 1 singular אֶעֱבֹר Amos 5:17 +, cohortative אֶעְבְּרָה Num 21:22 +, אֶעֱבֹ֑רָה Num 20:19; Judg 12:5, etc.; Imperative masculine singular עֲבֹר Exod 17:5 +; feminine singular עִבְרִי Mic 1:11 + 2 t.; עֲבֹ֑רִי Isa 23:12 masculine plural עִבְרוּ Amos 6:2 +; Infinitive absolute עָבוֺר 2Sam 17:16 construct עֲבֹר Amos 7:8 +, לַעֲבָרֿ 1Kgs 18:6 + Nah 2:1 Qr (Kt לעבור); suffix עָבְרִי Exod 33:22; Deut 4:21, etc.; Participle עֹבֵר Judg 8:4 +, etc.; —

1. pass over:
a. = cross (stream, wady, sea, etc.), (1) with accusative Gen 31:21 (E), Gen 32:11 (J), Josh 3:14; Josh 3:17; Josh 4:1 (all J E), Deut 2:14 (D), Num 32:29 (P), 2Sam 17:20; 2Sam 17:22; 2Sam 17:24; Isa 16:8, + 37 t., + Gen 32:23 (E; accusative מַעֲבַר), וְעָֽבְרָה הָֽעֲבָרָה לַעֲבִיר 2Sam 19:19 (read וַיַּעַבְרוּ We Dr Kit Löhr, and they crossed the ford, or וְעָֽבְרוּ frequent., HPS; > ᵐ5 Klo Bu וַיַּעַבְדוּ הָעֲבֹדָה and they performed the service); also with accusative + accusative of location 1Sam 13:7, + ה locative Deut 4:26; Deut 31:13; Deut 32:47. (2) accusative omitted Judg 3:28; 2Sam 17:16 (twice in verse) + 32 t., + עֹבֵר Judg 8:4 (read וַיַּעֲבֹר Vrss, or strike out as gloss GFM Bu), 2Sam 15:23 a (where read עֹמֵד for ᵑ0 עֹבֵר We Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS, but strike out עֹבְרִים, plausibly, Klo HPS); with אֶלֿ Num 32:7 (JE), Deut 27:2 (D), Josh 4:13; Josh 22:19 (both P), with אֶלעֵֿבֶר Deut 30:13, with הָעֵבֶר 1Sam 26:13 with ה locative Deut 3:21; Deut 4:14; Deut 6:1; Deut 11:8; Deut 11:11; Deut 34:4; Isa 23:6 with accusative of location Isa 23:12; Jer 2:10; Num 32:32 (P).
b. cross border, boundary, with accusative Num 20:17 b Num 21:22 b (both J E), + אֶלֿ 1Sam 27:2 of invasion, accusative omitted, with אֶלֿ Judg 11:32; Judg 12:3; 1Sam 14:1; 1Sam 14:6; 1Sam 14:8, with ה locative 2Kgs 8:21, absolute 2Chr 21:9.
c. cross over (that is, intervening space) against (עַלֿ) 1Sam 14:4, unto 2Sam 24:20 (read אֶלֿ for עַלֿ Bu HPS, compare ᵐ5^L), so perhaps also Isa 45:14 (עַל; read אֶל ?); with accusative of goal Amos 5:5; Amos 6:2.
d. pass, march over (that is, bodies of captives), Isa 51:23 (twice in verse).
e. = overflow, figurative, Isa 23:10, absolute of invasion (like a flood) Isa 8:8, hence Dan 11:10; Dan 11:40; Nah 1:8 (compare 4 c); of evil thoughts Ps 73:7 compare עָֽבְרוּ דִבְרֵירָֿ֑ע Jer 5:28 they overflow with evil matters. feminine pass, go, over, of waves, over one's head, usually with עַלֿ Isa 54:9; Ps 42:8; Ps 88:17; Ps 124:4; Ps 124:5 (all figurative), Jonah 2:4 with accusative Ps 38:5, compare Jer 23:9 over whom wine hath gone (= overcome with wine).
g. of razor passing over head, with עַל Num 6:50 figurative of time passing over one, with עַלֿ 1Chr 29:30 (compare Biblical Aramaic חלף על Dan 4:13 +).
h. pass over upon (עַלֿ), in weakened sense, nearly = come or light upon; of spirit Num 5:14 (twice in verse); Num 5:30 absolute + מֵאֵת 1Kgs 22:24 = 2Chr 18:23 with עַלֿ also light upon in chastisement or judgment, Hos 10:11; Job 13:13, compare Nah 3:19; Deut 24:5 no affair shall pass over upon (עַלֿ) him, i.e. no duty be laid upon him.
i. overstep, transgress, with accusative of covenant, command, etc. (usually divine); Num 14:41; Josh 7:11; Josh 7:15 (all J E), Deut 17:2; Deut 26:13; Josh 23:16 (all D), Judg 2:20; 1Sam 15:24; Hos 6:7; Hos 8:1; 2Kgs 18:12; Jer 34:18; Isa 24:5; Ps 148:6; 2Chr 24:20; Dan 9:11 command of earthly king Esth 3:3 absolute Ps 17:3.
j. pass over = overlook, forgive עַלפֶּֿשַׁע Mic 7:18 (+ לְ person), Prov 19:11 with לְ person only, Amos 7:8; Amos 8:2.

2. Pass beyond, with accusative 1Sam 14:23 (of battle), Jer 5:22 (twice in verse) (of sea); + אֶל Gen 31:52 (twice in verse) (E); pass a little beyond מְעַט מֵהָראֹשׁ ׳ע 2Sam 16:1, כִּמְעַט שֶׁעָבַרְתִּי מֵהֶם Song 3:4 with accusative of God's command (פֶּה), Prov 8:29 (of sea), Num 22:18 = Num 24:13 (JE); accusative omitted Job 14:5; Ps 104:9.

3. Pass through, traverse, usually
a. with בְּ of land, city, etc.: Num 22:21 (E), Num 20:21; Josh 18:9 (JE), Exod 12:2 (P), 1Sam 9:4 (4 t. in verse); 2Sam 20:14 (+ ה locative), + 31 t.; with בְּתוֺךְ Ezek 9:4; Job 15:19 with בְּקֶרֶב of camp, nation(s) Josh 1:11; Josh 3:2 (D), Josh 24:17 (E), Amos 5:17; Deut 29:15 with accusative Deut 2:18; Deut 29:15; Judg 11:29 (twice in verse); Isa 10:29; Job 14:5 is pass over, beyond (compare 1 i); absolute Exod 12:23 (J), Num 20:19; Num 20:20 (JE), Deut 2:28; Mic 5:7; Lam 3:44; Ezek 14:15; Ezek 33:28 opposed to שׁוּב, pass through and return, go to and fro, Exod 32:27 (E; ׳מִשַּׁעַר לָשַׁעַר בְּ), participle absolute those going to and fro Ezek 35:7; Zech 7:14; Zech 9:8.
b. with בְּ of river 2Sam 19:19 + 2Sam 15:23 (but read עֹמֵד We Dr Bu and others), of sea Zech 10:11, compare Isa 43:2; Ps 66:6, with בְּתוֺךְ Num 33:8 (P), Neh 9:11 with בְּ of gates Isa 62:10 (twice in verse); compare עֹבְרֵי בְּעֵמֶק Ps 84:7 (Ges^{«GKC:130a»§ 130a}).
c. participle absolute הָעֹבְרִים the passers-through Ezek 39:11 a, read probably הָעֲבָרִים (JDMich Hi Co Berthol), vEzek 39:11 b (Co reads אֶתהַֿגַּיְא; Toy strike out as gloss), vEzek 39:14 (strike out ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Co Toy Berthol).
d. pass through between (בֵּין) parts of victim, in covenant Gen 15:7 (J), Jer 34:18; Jer 34:19.
e. traverse with accusative of expanse of water Isa 33:21 (of ship).

4. a. pass along by (עַלֿ), Gen 18:5 (J; not סַרְתֶּם אֶלֿ Ball after ᵐ5), 1Kgs 9:8; Jer 18:16 + 14 t.; with עַלפָּֿנָיו Exod 34:6 (J); with accusative Gen 32:32; Judg 3:26 (on other possibilities see GFM), 2Kgs 6:9 absolute pass by Exod 33:22 (twice in verse) (J), 2Kgs 4:8 + 15 t., + (of wind) Job 37:21; Prov 10:25 and (of waters, = flow past) Hab 3:10 (compare Job 6:15), Job 11:16, hence מוֺר עֹבֵר Song 5:5; Song 5:13 flowing myrrh (liquid, opposed to hard = דְּרוֺר ׳מ Exod 30:23); participle = passer-by Mic 2:8; Ezek 5:14; Ezek 36:34; Ezek 39:15 + 6 t. (Prov 26:10 see Toy), + עֹבֵר אֹרַח Isa 33:8, עֹבְרֵי דֶרֶךְ Lam 1:12; Lam 2:15; Job 21:29; Prov 9:15; Ps 80:13; Ps 89:42 pass by = overtake and pass with accusative 2Sam 18:23.
b. pass by, בְּ of thing, Ps 103:16 (of wind).
c. sweep by, of scourge (figurative) Isa 28:15; Isa 28:18; Isa 28:19 (compare מַעֲבָר 3).
d. be past, over, of time, etc., Amos 8:5; 1Kgs 18:29; Gen 50:4; Song 2:11 + 7 t.
e. pass along (from hand to hand), only participle שֶׁקֶל כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר לַסֹּחֵר Gen 23:16 i.e. current money of the merchant (or, money passing over to merchant ? Bu^{ThLz 1892} (3), 63); כֶּסֶף עֹבֵר 2Kgs 12:5.

5. Pass on, go on:
a. absolute Gen 18:5 (J), Num 22:26 (E), Judg 12:1 + 20 t., + Judg 11:29; Judg 18:13; Josh 10:29 (D; all with accusative of goal + מִן), Gen 18:3 (J; with מֵעַל person); also with אֶלֿ person or thing, proceed unto 1Kgs 19:19; 2Kgs 4:8; Neh 2:14, with עַלֿ person (read אֶלֿ ?) Lam 4:21 with מִן Ruth 2:8, out of the city 2Sam 15:24 with ה locative Judg 12:1; 2Sam 19:41, with ה locative + מִן Josh 10:31; Josh 10:34 (D); מֵעִיר לָעִיר בארץ ׳ע 2Chr 30:10 absolute 2Sam 19:41 all the people of Judah proceeding with the king (read עֹבְרִים for ויעברו, see Hiph`il near the end).
b. specifically of boundary-line, pass on, with ה locative Num 34:4 (twice in verse); Josh 15:3; Josh 15:4; Josh 16:6 (omit אוֺתוֺ ᵐ5 ᵑ9 compare Benn: Hpt Steuern); + מִן Josh 19:13 + מִן + אֶלֿ Josh 18:13 with מִן + לְ Josh 15:6 with אֶלֿ Josh 15:7; Josh 15:10; Josh 16:2; Josh 18:18; Josh 18:19 with accusative of location Josh 15:3; Josh 15:10; Josh 15:11 (all P, except Josh 16:2 J E).
c. with לִפְנֵי pass on before, go in advance of Gen 32:17; Exod 17:5 (both E), Gen 32:22; Gen 33:3; Gen 33:14 (all J), Deut 9:3 + 7 t., + Deut 3:18; Deut 3:28; Deut 31:3 (twice in verse); Josh 1:14 (all D) where reference may be to crossing in advance of; with עַלפְּֿנֵי 2Sam 15:18 so v2Sam 15:23 b (reading עַלפָּֿנָיו ᵐ5^L We Dr Klo Bu Kit HPS).
d. pass on as far as (עַד), Judg 19:12, + מִן vJudg 19:18 with אַחֲרֵי after 2Sam 20:13 תַּעֲבָרכּֿוֺס עַל Lam 4:21 pass on unto (compare תִּסּוֺב Hab 2:16).
e. pass on into (בְּ), Josh 3:11 ( + לִפְנֵי), Josh 4:7 (both J E), compare Judg 9:26; Job 33:28, so also ׳בִּבְרִית י ׳ע Deut 29:11 enter into a covenant with ׳י; (Klo reads ׳וַיַּעֲכֹר בַּבּ also 2Kgs 23:3 for ᵑ0 ויעמד). feminine pass on away from (מֵאֵת) Deut 2:8 ( + ה locative).
g. pass on in order, for counting 2Sam 2:15, עַליְֿדֵי מוֺנֶה Jer 33:13, עֹבֵר עַלהַֿפְּקֻדִים Exod 30:13; Exod 30:14; Exod 38:26, also pass on under (תַּחַת) rod Lev 27:32 (for counting; all P; compare Hiph`il 3 d).
h. pass along, travel with accusative of way Isa 35:8 compare Isa 51:10 אָרְחוֺת יַמִּים עֹבֵר Ps 8:9 with בְּ of way Josh 3:4; Prov 4:15; Prov 7:8.
i. pass on, advance, absolute, Ps 48:5 (Ol We pass away, perish), Mic 2:13 a (accusative of location).

6. Pass away:
a. emigrate, leave one's territory or city Mic 1:11.
b. vanish, of chaff, Isa 29:5 compare Jer 13:24, shadow Ps 144:4, b rooks Job 6:15 (all in simile), Song 5:6.
c. = cease to exist, perish Nah 1:12; Job 30:15; Job 33:18 (בְּ instrumental), Job 36:12 (id.), Job 34:20; Ps 37:36 (but read ואעבר and I passed by, compare 4 a), compare Isa 31:9 (סלעו subject), מֵאֱלֹהַי מִשְׁפָּטִי יַעֲבוֺר Isa 40:27 pass away from.
d. = become invalid, obsolete, of law, decree, Esth 1:19; Esth 9:27, also vEsth 9:28 ( + מִתּוֺךְ הַיְהוּדִים).
e. with מִן of hands Ps 81:7 (i.e. they were freed from). feminine = be alienated, pass into other hands Ezek 48:14 (reading Kt; > Qr Hiph`il). — Jer 2:20 read אֶעֱבוֺד Kt (not אֶעֱבוֺר Qr); וָאֶתֵּן לָהֶם יַעַבְרוּם Jer 8:13 and I gave to them that which they transgress ᵐ5 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 Aq Symm Ew, those that shall pass over them Hi Gf Ke RVm, those that shall consume, devour them Rothst^Kau (reading יְבַעֲרוּם) but all very dubious; ᵐ5 Co strike out; Jer 11:15 read Hiph`il q. v.; מִנֹּגַהּ נֶּגְדּוֺ עָבָיו עָֽבְרוּ Ps 18:13 is difficult; perhaps best, as Che Kit^{Kau Löhr}, out of the brightness before him issued forth hailstones, etc. (strike out עָבָיו); > || 2Sam 22:13 בָּֽעֲרוּ and so here Bu HPS compare Woods^{Hebraica 1887, 262,} his clouds burned with hailstones, etc.; read rather עברו in 2 singular Niph`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular נַחַל אֲשֶׁר לֹא יֵעָבֵר Ezek 47:5 a stream which cannot be forded.

Pi`el 1. Perfect 3 masculine singular שׁוֺרוֺ עִבַּר Job 21:10 his bull impregnateth (compare Late Hebrew)

**מְעֻבֶּרֶת pregnant, Yeb 4:1; 4:2; 7:3; Keth 1:9'; but note also that in ᵑ7^J and Talmud (both Aramaic and Hebrew) עִבֵּר = conceive, עִבּוּר conception, עוֺבֵר embryo; absolute (properly causeth to pass over, that is semen).

2. Imperfect 3 masculine singular ׳וַיְעַבֵּר בְּ 1Kgs 6:21 he made to pass across with chains of gold. —

Hithpa`el see [ עָבַר] below Hiph`il Perfect 3 masculine singular הֶעֱבִיר 2Sam 12:13 +; 2 masculine singular הֵעֲבַ֫רְתָּ Josh 7:7 (Ges^{«GKC:63p»§ 63p}), וְהַעֲבַרְתָּ֫ Ezek 5:1 +; 1 singular הֶעֱבַ֫רְתִּי Zech 3:4, וְהַעֲבַרְתִּ֫י Ezek 20:37 + Jer 15:14 (but read והעבדתי ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7 Manuscripts Ew Hi Gf Gie), etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיַּעֲבֵר Gen 8:1 +, וַיַּעֲבֶרֿ 2Chr 36:22 = Ezra 1:1, suffix וַיַּעֲבִרֵנִי Ezek 46:21 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הַעֲבֵר Ps 119:37 + 2 t., הַעֲבֶרֿ 2Sam 24:10 = 1Chr 21:8 masculine plural suffix הַעֲבִירוּנִי 2Chr 35:23 Infinitive absolute הַעֲבִיר Josh 7:7 (read probably הַעֲבֵיר); construct הַעֲבִיר 2Sam 3:10 +, לַעֲבִיר 2Sam 19:19 (Ges^{«GKC:53q»§ 53q}), etc.; Participle מַעֲבִיר Deut 18:10; Dan 11:20, plural מַעֲבִרִים 1Sam 2:24 (see below); —

1. cause to pass over, bring over:
a. cause one to cross river, with 2 accusative, Gen 32:24 (J), Num 32:5; Josh 7:7 (both J E), 2Sam 19:16; 2Sam 19:42 accusative of river omitted Gen 32:24 (J), Josh 4:3; Josh 7:7 (+ Infinitive abs.; both J E), Josh 4:8 (J E; + אֶלֿ), 2Sam 2:8 (+ accusative of location).
b. cause something to pass over (עַלֿ): razor (accusative) Num 8:7 (P), compare Ezek 5:1 (where Co reads suffix of razor), wind Gen 8:1 (P).
c. make over to (ל), accusative of inheritance Num 27:7; Num 27:8 (P); of making over, dedicating, something to (לְ) deity Exod 13:12 (J E; = קִדַּשׂ). Especially
d. devote children to (לְ) heathen god Jer 32:35; Ezek 23:37 ( + לְאָכְלָה), Lev 18:21 (H), compare Ezek 16:21 + בָּאֵשׁ by fire 2Kgs 23:10 with accusative alone devote Ezek 20:26 with accusative + בָּאֵשׁ alone, devote by fire Deut 18:10; 2Kgs 16:3; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 21:6 = 2Chr 33:6; Ezek 20:31 (on the practice compare Now^{Archaeology ii. 205 f.} Benz^{Archaeology 483 f.} Toy^{Ezek 16:20}; 20, 26 GFM^{JBL xvi (1897), 161 ff.}).

2. a. cause to pass through, with accusative + בְּ Ezek 14:15; Ezek 47:3; Ezek 47:4 + vEzek 47:4 (where insert בְּ, compare Co Berthol Toy), Num 31:23 (twice in verse) (P); with accusative + בְּתוֺךְ Ps 136:14 with accusative of person alone Ps 78:13, + אֶלֿ Ezek 46:21, + עַדאֲֿשֶׁר Neh 2:7 with accusative of (sound of) שׁוֺפָר Lev 25:9 (H), + בְּ vLev 25:9 (P); with accusative קוֺל = proclamation, + בְּ Exod 36:6 (P), 2Chr 30:5; 2Chr 36:22 = Ezra 1:1; Ezra 10:7 ( + לִ person), Neh 8:15.
b. let pass through, with accusative + בְּ person Deut 2:30.

3. a. cause to pass by, with accusative + עַלֿ, Ezek 37:2 (+ סָבִיב סָבִיב), + עַלפְּֿנֵי Exod 33:19 (J), + לִפְנֵי 1Sam 16:8; 1Sam 16:10 and (לִפְנֵי omitted) v1Sam 16:9.
b. let pass by, with accusative מוֺעֵד Jer 46:17 he hath let the set time pass by (in mocking appell. of Pharaoh).
c. cause arrow to pass beyond one 1Sam 20:36.
d. cause to pass under rod, for counting, Ezek 20:37 (compare Qal 5 g).

4. Cause to pass away, take away, kingdom (accusative) + מִן person 2Sam 3:10, compare Esth 8:2, + מֵעַל Jonah 3:6 (of putting off garment); with accusative of sin 2Sam 12:13; 2Sam 24:20 = 1Chr 21:8; Job 7:21, + מֵעַל person Zech 3:4; Jer 11:15 (reading יַעֲבִרוּ מֵעַל Ew Gf Gie); put away evil things (accusative) from (מִן), 1Kgs 15:12 compare || 2Chr 15:8; Zech 13:2; Eccl 11:10 with accusative alone Ps 119:39; Esth 8:3 also take me away (suffix) 2Chr 35:23 (with מִן) v2Chr 35:24 turn away eyes (accusative) + מִן Ps 119:37. — Gen 47:21 read הֶעֱבִיד לַעֲבָדִים ⅏ ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Ol Kn Di Kau Holz; Jer 15:14 read וְהַעֲבַדְתִּיךָ ᵐ5 ᵑ7 Manuscripts Gie; 2Sam 12:31 read וְהֶעֱבִיד Hoffm^{ZAW ii (1882), 53 f.} Gr Klo Bu Kit HPS, compare Dr Löhr; 2Sam 19:41 (for ויעברו Kt, הֶעֱבִרוּ Qr) read עֹבְרִים ᵐ5 We Bu Löhr HPS, וַיַּעַבְרוּ Kit (see Qal 5 a); Ezek 48:14 read Qal (so Kt; see Qal 6 e); ׳מַעֲבִרִים עַםיֿ 1Sam 2:24 not good is the report which I hear the people of ׳י spreading (compare 2), so Ew Th We Dr Kit Löhr RVm, but order of words difficult; > (ye) make the people of ׳י transgress ᵑ9 AV RV; text dubious; נוֺגֵשׂ מַעֲבִיר Dan 11:20 one causing an exactor to pass through Ew and others RV, Bev proposes ׳נוֺגֵשׂ מ an exactor causing to pass away the glory, etc.

BDB5772 H5674

[עָבַר] verb denominative Hithpa`el be arrogant, infuriate oneself; — Perfect 3 masculine singular הִתְעַבָּ֑ר Ps 78:62 2 masculine singular הַתְעַבַּ֫רְתָּ Ps 89:39 Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיִּתְעַבֵּר Deut 3:26, וַיִּתְעַבָּ֑ר Ps 78:21; Ps 78:59 Participle מִתְעַבֵּר Prov 14:16; Prov 26:17 suffix מִתְעַבְּרוֺ Prov 20:2 —

1. be arrogant, Prov 14:16 (opposed to יָרֵא).

2. a. put oneself in a fury, become furious, with בְּ person Deut 3:26; Ps 78:62 with עִם person Ps 88:39 absolute Ps 78:21; Ps 78:59 (all of God); of man, with עַל of thing Prov 26:17.
b. incite one to fury for oneself Prov 20:2 (si vera lectio; compare De Ges^{«GKC:54»§ 54} f.).

BDB9751 H5709 H5674 H5710

[עֲדָה] verb pass on, away (ᵑ7 (often for Hebrew עָבַר, Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew I. עָדָה (rare, late)); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 feminine singular עֲדָת Dan 3:27; Dan 4:28 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֶעְדֵּה Dan 7:14, 3 feminine singular תֶּעְדֵּה Dan 6:9 —

1. pass on, over, with ב person Dan 3:27.

2. pass way, of kingdom Dan 4:28 (מִן person), Dan 7:14 of law Dan 6:9. Haph`el take away (so Egyptian Aramaic S-C^{G 35}): Perfect 3 masculine plural הֶעְדִּיו, accusative of thing, Dan 5:20 (מִן person), Dan 7:12 Imperfect 3 masculine plural יְהַעְדּוּן vDan 7:26 Participle מְהַעְדֵּה Dan 2:21 remove, depose kings, of God.

over, through, pass, passed, on, …

ʿābar

to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in copulation)

to pass over or by or through, alienate, bring, carry, do away, take, take away, transgress

(Qal)

to pass over, cross, cross over, pass over, march over, overflow, go over

passers-through (participle)

passer-by (participle)

to emigrate, leave (one's territory)

to cause to pass over, cause to bring over, cause to cross over, make over to, dedicate, devote

נָּ֗א

Particle an exclamation — "behold!", "oh!"

Dictionary form: נָא · naw

Particle — Interjection

In the KJV here: i pray thee

now ×115 i pray thee ×107 i pray you ×26 i beseech thee ×19 me i pray thee ×16 therefore i pray thee ×11 ye now ×11 we pray thee ×8

More options

please — Most natural modern equivalent; broadly fits requests and appeals.

I ask you — Slightly more formal; suits solemn or earnest entreaties.

oh — Exclamatory; best for emotional or urgent interjections.

come on — Colloquial; fits informal, urgent, or coaxing appeals.

I urge you — Emphasizes strong persuasion; good for prophetic or legal contexts.

won't you — Softened request; works well in rhetorical or pleading questions.

BDB4909 H4994

I. נָא particle of entreaty or exhortation I (we) pray, now (enclitic) (Syriac , ; compare Ethiopic veni, age! Di^{§ 160. 1 Lex:675} Kö^{ii. 244}); — attached:

1. to the imperative, especially in colloquial style, when it expresses an entreaty or admonition, as Gen 12:13 אִמְרִינָֿא say, I pray, Gen 13:9 נָא מֵעָלַי הִפָּרֶדֿ, vGen 13:14 שָׂאנָֿא עֵינֶיךָ, Gen 15:5 הַבֶּטנָֿא השׁמימה, Gen 24:2 + often, Num 20:10 שׁמעונֿא המוֺרים, Judg 13:4; Judg 16:6; Judg 16:10; Judg 16:28; Judg 18:5, etc., Isa 1:18; Isa 5:3; Amos 7:2; Amos 7:5 rarely in a command, Gen 22:2; Isa 7:3). Ironically, in a challenge, Isa 47:12; Job 40:10. Once anomalously attached to a substantive, or (accents) prefixed to a verb, Num 12:13 אֵ֕ל נָא֛ רְָפא נָא֖ (Ew^{§ 246 a} Di אַלנָֿא; see 3 b).

2. to the perfect with waw consecutive, in a precative sense (Dr^{§ 119} δ) Gen 40:14.

3. to the imperfect, when leave is asked, or a prayer or desire expressed;
a. in 1 person, especially with ה cohortative, Gen 19:8 אוציאהנֿא let me, I pray, bring out, vGen 19:20 אִמָּֽלְטָהנָּֿא שָׁ֑מָּה, Gen 24:12 הַקְרֵהנָֿא לְפָנַי vGen 24:14 הַטִּינָֿא vGen 24:17 vGen 24:23 vGen 24:43 vGen 24:45; Gen 25:30; Gen 32:12; Gen 32:30 + often, Exod 3:18 נלכהנֿא let us go, I pray, Num 20:17; Isa 5:5 and in self-deliberation, Gen 18:21 ארדהנּֿא I will go down, now ! Exod 3:3 אסורהנּֿא ואראה I will turn aside, now, and see, 2Sam 14:15; Song 3:2; Isa 5:1 with אַל Job 32:21.
b. in 2 person, with אַל, in deprecation, Gen 18:3 אלנֿא תעבר מעל עבדך, Gen 19:7; Gen 47:29; Num 10:31, etc.; hence elliptical אלנֿא do not, I pray, (do this,) Gen 19:18; Gen 33:10; Num 12:13 Ew Di.
c. in 3 person, Gen 18:4 יֻקַּחנָֿא let there be brought, I pray, Gen 26:28; Gen 33:14; Gen 44:18; Gen 44:33, etc., 2Sam 14:11; 2Sam 14:12; 2Sam 14:17; 1Kgs 17:21; 2Kgs 2:9; Ps 7:10; Ps 118:2; Ps 118:3 ironically Isa 19:12; Isa 47:13, or defiantly Jer 17:15 where is the word of J.? יָבוֺא נָא; with אַל, Gen 13:8 אַלנָֿא תְהִי מְרִיבָה, Gen 18:30 אַלנָֿא יִחַר לַאדֹנָי, Gen 37:27; Num 12:12.

4. joined to conjunctions and interjections:
a. [אָהּנָֿא, contracted] אָ֫נָּא.
b. אַלנָֿא see above 3 b, c. c. אִםנָֿא, especially in the phrase אם נא מצאתי חן בעיניך, used by one craving a favourable hearing Gen 30:27; Gen 33:10; Judg 6:17; 1Sam 27:5, and with נא repeated in the request itself Gen 18:3; Gen 47:29; Gen 50:4; Exod 33:13; Exod 34:9 otherwise Gen 24:42.
d. הִנֵּהנָֿא behold, I pray, craving a favourable consideration of the fact pointed to by הִנֵּה, and of the request founded upon it (with which נא is often repeated), Gen 12:11; Gen 16:2; Gen 18:27; Gen 18:31; Gen 19:2; Gen 19:8; Gen 19:19; Gen 19:20; Gen 27:2; Judg 13:3; Judg 19:9; 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 16:15; 2Sam 13:24; 2Kgs 2:16; 2Kgs 2:19; 2Kgs 4:9 +, Job 13:18; Job 33:2; Job 40:15; Job 40:16.
e. (לנו) אוֺינָֿא לי Woe, now, to me (us) ! Jer 4:31; Jer 45:3; Lam 5:16. feminine אַיֵּהנָֿא where, pray ? Ps 115:2.
g. נֶגְדָּהנָּֿא, peculiarly, Ps 116:14; Ps 116:18 my vows to J. I will perform, נגדהנֿא לכלעֿמו O that (it may be) before all his people !

II. נָא adjective see ניא.

BDB5179 H4994

II. נָא adjective raw, of flesh Exod 12:9 (P; opposed to בשׁל). I. נָא

[נִיב], נִיבָ֑י, נֵיבָ֑י see נוב.

נִיד v . נוד. נִירָה see II. נדד.

נָיוֺת see נוית below I. נוה.

נִיחֹחַ, נִיתוֺתַ see נוח. נִין see נון.

thee, now, you, pray, oh, …

nāʾ

'I pray', 'now', or 'then'; added mostly to verbs (in the Imperative or Future), or to interjections, occasionally to an adverb or conjunction

I (we) pray, now, please

used in entreaty or exhortation

וְ אֶרְאֶה֙

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אֶרְאֶה֙

Root word see, saw, seen, behold, looked, …

Dictionary form: רָאָה · raw-AW

Verb — Qal, Cohortative, first person singular simple action — "he did" a resolve — try "let me ___" / "let us ___" the built-in subject is "I"

In the KJV here: and see

saw ×128 see ×97 and see ×45 and saw ×43 to see ×35 shall see ×31 i saw ×29 i have seen ×26

More options

see — Most versatile; suits perception, vision, and understanding.

look — Prefer when deliberate, directed attention is implied.

observe — Good for careful, attentive, or intentional seeing.

perceive — Best when insight or recognition is the focus.

behold — Contemporary contexts of awe or divine encounter.

gaze — When prolonged, intense, or wondering looking is stressed.

BDB7656 H7200 H7207 H7203 H3070

רָאָה₁₃₁₅ verb see (Late Hebrew id.; וארא MI⁴, הראני Deut 1:7, compare ריח spectacle Deut 1:12 Sabean ראי see, expect DHM^{ZMG xxix (1875), 506,599}; Arabic see, so Ethiopic ᵑ7 רֵו, רֵיוָא human appearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrew רְָאִי 2)); —

Qal₁₁₄₁ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ר Gen 29:10 +, suffix וְרָֽאֲךָ consecutive Exod 4:14 רָאָהוּ 2Kgs 2:12 +; 3 feminine singular רָֽאֲתָה Gen 38:14, suffix רָאָֽתְךָ Job 42:5 2 masculine singular רָאִיתָ Gen 20:10 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִרְהֶ Gen 22:8 +, jussive יֵרֵא Gen 41:33 (Baer Gi, Ges^{«GKC:75p»§ 75p}, «GKC:75hh»hh Kö^i.561; van d. H. יֵרֶא), יִ֫רֶא Exod 5:21 +, וַיַּרְא Gen 18:2 + (1Sam 19:20, read plural ᵐ5 Comm., i.e. וַיִּרְאֻ Dr^{Sm lxiii}), suffix יִרְאַנִי Exod 33:20, וַיִּרְאֵ֑נִי 2Sam 1:7 3 feminine singular תִּרְאֶה Lev 20:17; Job 33:28, jussive תֵּרֵא Mic 7:10; Zech 9:5 (Baer Gi, compare Ges Kö above; van d. H תֵּרֶא), וַתֵּ֫רֶא Gen 3:6 +; 1 singular אֶרְאֶה Gen 21:16 +, וָאֵ֫רֶא Gen 31:10 +, etc.; Imperative רְאֵה Gen 27:27 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute רָאֹה Exod 3:7 +, רָאוֺ Gen 26:28; Isa 6:9 construct רְאֹה Gen 48:11, רְאוֺת Exod 10:28 +, רַאֲוָה Ezek 28:17, etc., Participle active רֹאֶה Ezek 13:15 +, etc.; passive רְאֻיוֺת (Baer Gi; van d. H. רְאֻיּוֺת) : —

1. a. see, subject עַיִן, עֵינַיִם, with accusative of person Isa 6:5; Isa 30:20; Jer 42:2 + 5 t. Job, Proverbs; subject person, with accusative Gen 12:12; Gen 12:15 + מִי רָאָהוּ 1Sam 23:22, read הֵמְּהֵרָה ᵐ5 Th We and others. [not HPS]); רֹאִי 1Sam 16:13 (participle suffix, compare בְּאֵר לַחֵי רֹאִי v1Sam 16:14, .p. 91 above) accusative of God 1Sam 32:31 (פָּנִים אֶלפָּֿנִים); accusative of person omitted 1Sam 18:2; 1Sam 19:1 +; with accusative פְּנֵי 1Sam 31:2; 1Sam 46:30; 1Sam 48:11; Exod 33:20, opposed to אֶתאֲחֹרָ֑י vExod 33:23 with accusative פְּנֵי specifically of having access to man of rank Gen 43:3; Gen 43:5 + (see [ פָּנֶה] 2 b).
b. see, with accusative of thing: subject עַיִן, עֵינַיִם Josh 24:7 (E) 1Sam 24:11 (van d. H. Baer; v.1Sam 24:10 Gi), Deut 3:21 + 5 t. Deuteronomy, +; וְעֵינָיו אֶתעֵֿינָיו תִּרְאֶינָה Jer 32:4, compare Jer 34:3 accusative omitted 2Sam 24:3; Deut 21:7 + 9 t. (לִרְאוֺת) 1Sam 6:13 read לקְרָאתוֺ ᵐ5 We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); subject pers Gen 13:15; Gen 31:12 + very often; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַרְאֶה Exod 3:8 + 7 t., מַרְאָה Dan 10:7 (twice in verse); Dan 10:8, חָזוֺן Dan 8:15, חֶזְיֹנוֺת Joel 3:1 hence see absolute= receive revelation, Isa 30:10 (|| חזה), compare Ezek 13:3 and see I. רֹאֶה; with accusative עֶרְוָה, see ׳צ, p. 788 f.; see war, i.e. see it impending Exod 13:17 (E); אֶתהַֿקּוֺתֹ ׳וְאֶתהַֿלַּפִּידִים ר Exod 20:18 (Gi vExod 20:15); רֹאֵי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Eccl 7:11 those who see the sun = living men; accusative of thing. omitted Exod 22:9; 2Sam 13:5 +, וָאֶרֵאֶה בֶּחָזוֺן Dan 8:2 (twice in verse).(absolute); וְלֹא יִרְאוּ לֹא יֵדְעוּ Neh 4:5 עֵינֵי רֹאִים Isa 32:3, מְקוֺם רֹאִים Job 34:26 with adverb or adverb phrase instead of accusative of thing: כָּהֵנָּה Gen 41:19 compare Isa 66:8; Ezek 1:27 (twice in verse), כַּאֲשֶׁר 2Kgs 2:19; 2Chr 29:8; 2Chr 30:7; Job 4:8; Ezek 16:50; Dan 1:13, כֵּן Ps 48:9.

2. see, followed by accusative + clause or phrase of closer designation: (I) + epexegetical clause with כִּי, accusative of person Gen 6:2 saw them that they were fair, Gen 12:4 (both J), Exod 2:2; Exod 32:25 (both E), 1Kgs 11:28, accusative of face + id. Gen 31:5 (E), Exod 34:25 (P); accusative of thing Gen 49:15 (poem), Isa 22:9; Gen 1:4 (P), Eccl 2:24; Eccl 4:4 and probably 2Kgs 14:26 (reading כִּי מַר הוּא); (2) כָּלהַֿבָּא עָלָיו וְעָמָ֑ד ׳ר 2Sam 20:12 (3) + adjective (including participle), accusative person Gen 7:1 (J), Amos 9:1; 2Sam 18:10 + 39 t. (Jer 46:5 strike out ׳ר ᵐ5 Gie), + accusative אֲשֶׁר Exod 14:13 (twice in verse) (J); accusative of thing, Exod 23:5; Exod 33:10 (both E), Deut 22:4; Ezek 33:3; Ezek 33:6; Dan 1:10; Dan 8:4; Dan 8:6; Dan 8:7 (4) + מָה, accusative of thing Num 13:18 (JE), Hag 2:3 (5) + preposition Phr., accusative of person Exod 5:19 (J), Zech 4:10; Eccl 10:7; Esth 5:9 accusative of thing + בִּכְבוֺדוֺ Hag 2:3, + כ pres. Jer 23:13; Jer 23:14, + כ person Judg 9:36, כ of thing 2Sam 18:27 (6) accusative of person + adverb accusative + כ person Jer 30:6.

3. see, so as to learn to know: with accusative of person Deut 33:9 (|| הִכִּיר, יַדַע); with accusative of thing Deut 1:19; Deut 1:31; Deut 11:2; Job 11:11 (|| יָדַע ), Ps 16:10; Ps 49:10 = have experience of, Jer 5:12; Jer 14:13; Jer 20:18; Jer 42:14; Zeph 3:15; Ps 89:49; Eccl 5:17, שֵׁנָה בְּעֵינָיו אֵינֶנּוּ רֹאֶה Eccl 8:16 מָה ראית Gen 20:10 i.e.what hast thou encountered, that . . . ? Bacher^{ZAW xix (1899). 345 ff.; Terminol. 177 f.}

4. absolute see, have (power of) vision, Gen 27:1 (J), Gen 48:10 (E), 1Sam 3:2; 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4, miraculous 2Kgs 6:17 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 6:20 (twice in verse); denied of idols Deut 4:28; Ps 115:5; Ps 135:16 figurative of spiritual vision Isa 6:10; Isa 29:18; Isa 42:18; Jer 5:2l Deut 29:3; Ezek 12:2 (twice in verse); Ps 40:13; Ps 69:24 עַיִן רֹאָה Prov 20:12. — 1Sam 14:27 read Qr see אור.

5. see = perceive:
a. followed by clause with כִּי, Exod 3:4; Exod 8:11; Gen 1:10; Gen 1:12 + often(1Sam 23:15 read וַיִּרָא and he feared We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); omit כִּי (late) Lam 1:10; Ps 49:11; Eccl 3:16 followed by מָה of indirect question Gen 2:19 (J), Gen 37:20 (E), Judg 9:48; Deut 32:20; Jer 7:17; Jer 33:24; Ezek 8:6; Jonah 4:5 +; בַּמָּה Judg 16:5 compare 1Sam 14:38, כַּמָּה Zech 2:6; Ps 35:17 followed by מִי of indirect question 1Sam 14:17; Isa 40:26; Lam 2:20 ( + הַבִּיטָה); followed by אֵי 1Sam 26:16, אֵיכֹה 2Kgs 6:13, אֵיפֹה Jer 3:2 followed by clause with הֲ whether, Gen 8:8; Gen 18:21; Num 11:23 (all J), Exod 4:18 (E), Ps 14:2; Ps 53:3; Song 6:11b Esth 3:4, אִם whether Jer 30:6; Lam 1:12; Ps 139:24; Song 7:13, אֲשֶׁר that or how 1Sam 18:15, אֵי Eccl 2:3, שֶׁ that vEccl 2:13, שְׁ Eccl 3:18.
b. with accusative צָרַת נַפְשׁוֺ Gen 42:21 (i.e. saw it by out-ward signs), compare Hos 5:13. [Note, under 5 (rarely in other cases, and only Samuel Kings Jeremiah), Imperative + ידע Imperative: דַּע וּרְאֵה 1Sam 24:12; 2Sam 24:13; 1Kgs 20:22 דְּעִי וּרְאִי 1Sam 25:17; Jer 2:19 דְּעוּ וּרְאוּ 1Sam 12:17; 1Sam 14:38; 1Sam 23:22; 1Kgs 20:7; 2Kgs 5:7 in reverse order, רְאוּ וּדְעוּ 1Sam 23:23; Jer 5:1.]

6. look at, see, by direct volition:
a. subject men, with accusative of thing, Gen 9:22; Gen 9:23 (J), Gen 42:9; Gen 42:12 (E), Lev 13:3; Lev 13:15 +; with accusative of land = reconnoitre Josh 2:1 look at sun, etc., for worship Deut 4:19; Job 31:26 = inspect 1Kgs 9:12; Lev 14:36 (twice in verse); with accusative of person Num 24:20; Num 24:21 (JE), Exod 2:25; Lev 13:3; Lev 13:5 (all P), 1Sam 9:16 +, (1Sam 19:15 HPS proposes אֶלבֵּֿית for לִרְאוֺת); with preposition אַחֲרִי רֹאִי ׳ר Gen 16:13 (J) I have looked after one seeing me (interpretation see Di).
b. subject God, with accusative of thing Gen 9:16 (P); = inspect Gen 11:5 (J); look at with favour, accusative of person Job 37:24; Ps 138:6 so perhaps figurative, subject man, regard, with accusative אָוֶן Ps 66:18 (Hup-Now; Che Bae Dr and others intend); look with pleasure (accusative omitted, + מִן by reason of, as a fruit of) Isa 53:11 (si vera); insert accusative אוֺר ᵐ5 Houb Klo Du Che^Hpt Kit [perhaps], with Hiph`il יַרְאֶה ᵐ5 Du Che^Hpt, rescues from travail his soul, makes it see light).
c. without accusative, look, take a look, etc. (of man and God; often + וְהִנֵּה ), Gen 8:13; Gen 18:2; Exod 3:2; Lev 13:8; Lam 3:50 (מִן local), Gen 13:14 (מִן local + ה locative), Deut 3:27; Ezek 40:4; Ezek 44:5 (all בְּעֵינֶיךָ), + often; peculiarly, תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ מִמֶּנִּי Judg 7:17 (compare GFM).
d. look after, see after, learn about, with accusative of thing Gen 37:14 (J), with accusative of person = visit (go to see) 1Sam 15:35; 1Sam 20:29; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:6; 2Kgs 8:29 = 2Chr 22:6; 2Kgs 9:16, compare Ezek 20:28, עֵין רֹאִי Job 7:8 (Di Bu and others).
e. observe, watch, absolute, 1Sam 6:9; 1Sam 6:16; 1Sam 17:28; Eccl 8:16 (|| ידע). feminine look upon = endure to see, with accusative of thing Hab 1:13 (|| הִבִּיט).
g. look out, find out, accusative of person 2Kgs 9:2; Gen 41:33 (E), + ל person 1Sam 16:17 select, accusative of person + מִן from among 2Kgs 10:3, + ב among + ל person 1Sam 16:1 provide, furnish,, with accusative of thing Deut 33:21 (poem), + ל person Gen 22:8 (E), compare absolute יִרְאֶה ׳י as proper name, of a location = ׳י seeth vGen 22:14 a (E; ? read יֵרָאֶה, compare v^b, Niph`al and Di); רְאֻיוֺת Esth 2:9 looked out = suitable (as often Late Hebrew).
h. look at = concern oneself about, accusative of thing (+ בְּיָדוֺ) Gen 39:23 (J).

7. of mental observation:
a. Imperative see ! observe ! consider ! exclamation (nearly = הִנֵּה), followed by clause: Gen 27:27; Gen 31:50 see ! God is witness Gen 39:14; Gen 41:41; Exod 4:21; Deut 1:8 +; followed by independent noun 2Sam 24:22 (|| 1Chr 21:23 followed by clause).
b. look at, i.e. inquire into, a matter, accusative of thing omitted, of ׳י, 1Sam 24:16 (Gi v.1Sam 24:15).
c. give attention to, accusative of thing, Jer 2:31, absolute give attention ! 2Sam 13:28; 2Kgs 6:32; Exod 25:40; Ps 45:11 take heed to, accusative of thing, 1Kgs 12:16 = 2Chr 10:16 absolute take heed ! Exod 10:10, + פֶּן 2Kgs 10:23.
d. discern, חָכְמָה ׳לִבִּי ר Eccl 1:16, טוֺב ׳ר Eccl 3:13.
e. distinguish, with בֵּיןלְ֗֗֗ of person Mal 3:18. feminine consider, reflect, Eccl 7:14 (followed by clause oratio recta [direct speech]).

8. a. with ב, literally, look into, hence look at with interest (German 'sich vertiefen in'): (I) gaze at 1Sam 6:19 (on context see We Dr HPS), so as to become acquainted with Gen 34:1 (P); so as to find out Eccl 3:22 inspect liver (for omens) Ezek 21:26 some - what weakened = behold Job 3:9; 2Chr 7:3; Ps 64:9. (2) look at with kindness, of ׳י, בָּעֳנִי Gen 29:32; 1Sam 1:11 ( + infinitive absolute), 2Sam 16:12, בַּצַּר Ps 106:44. (3) upon a spectacle causing anger Exod 2:11 (E), grief Gen 21:16 (E), Gen 44:34; Num 11:15 (both J), 2Kgs 22:20 (subject עֵינָיִם) = 2Chr 34:28; Esth 8:6 (twice in verse), abhorrence Isa 66:24. (4) gaze at with apprehension Eccl 11:4. (5) with joy, pleasure, 2Kgs 10:16; Mic 7:9; Jer 29:32; Isa 52:8 (עַיִן בְּעַיִן, compare Niph`al Num 14:14), Job 20:17; Job 33:28; Ps 54:9; Ps 106:5; Ps 128:5; Song 3:11; Song 6:11 a Eccl 2:1. (6) especially with exultation, triumph = feast eyes upon, sometimes gloat over (fallen enemies), Judg 16:27; Mic 7:10; Ezek 28:17; Obad 1:12; Obad 1:13; Ps 22:18; Ps 112:8; Ps 118:7.
b. with אֶל person Isa 17:7 (subject עֵינַיִם; || שָׁעַה עַל); עַל person Exod 5:21 (J); עַלהָֿאָבְנָ֑יִם׳ר Exod 1:16 see [ אֹבֶן] and Comm., also Spiegelb^{ZA xiv (June 1900), 269 ff.}
c. with ל, לַלֵּבָב ׳לַעֵינַיִם וְיוה יִר ׳הָאָדָם יִר 1Sam 16:7, מִי יִרְאֶהלָּֿ֑מוֺ Ps 64:6. — Corrupt is וּרְאִיתַנִי כְתוֺר הָאָדָם 1Chr 17:17 (and || וְזֹאת תּוֺרַת הָאָדָם 2Sam 7:19), read וַתַּרְאֵנִי (with other changes) We Dr Kau Bu HPS Now; Ezek 12:12 read probably Niph`al ᵐ5 Hi Co Krae; Mic 6:9 read probably יִרְאָה compare Now GASm. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִרְאָה Gen 48:3 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵרָאֶה Gen 22:14 +, jussive יֵרָא Exod 34:3; Lev 9:6, וַיֵּרָא Gen 12:17 +; 1 singular וָאֵרָא Exod 6:3, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הֵרָאֵה 1Kgs 18:1 Infinitive construct לְהֵרָאוֺת 1Sam 17:17 +, לֵרָאוֺת Isa 1:12 + 2 t., הֵרָאֹה Judg 13:21; 1Sam 3:21, etc.; —

1. appear, especially
a. of ׳י (God): with אֶל person Gen 12:7 (twice in verse) + 6 t. J, Gen 35:1 (E), vGen 35:9; Gen 48:3; Exod 6:3 (בְּאֵל שַׁדַּי, ב essent.), Lev 9:4 (all P), 1Kgs 3:5; 1Kgs 9:2 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 7:12; 1Kgs 11:9 with ל person Jer 31:3; 2Chr 1:7; 2Chr 3:1 (insert ׳י ᵐ5 Kau Kit); absolute Gen 22:14 in the mountain where ׳י appeareth (probably, Di Sta^{G i. 450} Dr^{Hast. DB ii. 563}; E), Num 14:14 (J E; עַיִן בְּעַיִן, see Isa 52:8 Qal 8 a (5)), Lev 16:2 (P; ב location +עַל), 1Sam 3:21 (ב location), 2Sam 22:11 (עַלכַּֿנְפֵירֿוּחַ; < וַיֵּדֶא || Ps 18:11), + 5 t.; of ׳מַלְאַךְ י, with אֶל person Exod 3:2 (E), Judg 13:2l; of ׳כְּבוֺד י; with אֶל person Lev 9:6; Lev 9:23; Num 14:10 (ב location), Num 16:19; Num 20:6 (all P), Judg 6:12; Judg 13:3 עַל person Isa 60:2 absolute Exod 16:10 (ב location), Num 17:7 (both P).
b. appear, of man, = present oneself: with אֶל person Gen 46:29 (J), Judg 13:10; 1Kgs 18:1; 1Kgs 18:2; 1Kgs 18:15; Lev 13:7 (twice in verse); Lev 13:19, אֶל of God Ps 84:8 (ב location), אֶלפְּֿנֵי הָאָדֹן Exod 23:17 (E); absolute Isa 16:12 (strike out as dittograph Lo Du Che^Hpt Marti and others); especially (Masora) followed by (אֶתֿ)פְּנֵי of ׳י, rendered appear before ׳י: so וְנִרְאָה 1Sam 1:22, יֵרָאֶה Exod 34:23 (JE), Deut 16:10, וְאֵרָאֶה Ps 42:3, יֵרָאוּ Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 34:20 (JE), Deut 16:16, לֵרָאוֺת Exod 34:24 (JE), Deut 31:11; Isa 1:12 read probably in all Qal (see [ פָּנֶה] II.2).

c. appear, of things: late (Hexateuch only P), absolute Gen 1:9; Gen 8:5, with ב location Gen 9:14; Lev 13:14; Lev 13:57 elsewhere poet, Ps 18:16 = 2Sam 22:16; Ps 90:16; Prov 27:25 (of דֶּשֶׁא), Song 2:12 (ב location; of blossoms); subject מַרְאֵיהֶם Dan 1:15 ( +adjective predicate), vDan 1:13 (+ לְפָנֶיךָ); subject חָזוֺן, with אֶל person Dan 8:1 (twice in verse); subject כְּנֶגַע Lev 14:35 (with ל person).

2. be seen:
a. subject thing, 1Kgs 10:12 = 2Chr 9:11 (where כָּהֶם subject) Ezek 19:11, of sins Ezek 21:29 (|| הִגָּלוֺת), subject כָּזֹאת Judg 19:30, כְּאֶבֶן etc. Ezek 10:1.
b. subject person 2Sam 17:17 ( +לָבוֺא) be seen to come.
c. be seen = occur 2Kgs 23:24 (ב location); = exist, +ל person Exod 13:7 (twice in verse) (JE), Deut 16:4, compare Ezek 10:8 = be present, + ב location Judg 5:8; Exod 34:3 (JE).

3. be visible, Exod 33:23 (J E; subject ׳י's face), אֵין אֶבֶן נִרְאָה 1Kgs 6:18; 1Kgs 8:8 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 5:9 (twice in verse), Jer 13:26; Isa 47:3. Pu`al Perfect 3 plural עַצְמֹתָיו לֹא רֻוְּ Job 33:21 (Baer Gi; d. f. Ki Kö^{i. 41, 563, Mappik} Ges^{«GKC:14d»§ 14d}; van d. H. רֻאוּ), apparently his bones are not seen, detected; De which were (formerly) not seen; Di are insignificant ('un-scheinbar'), so Bae; probably corrupt, Bu נָאווּ, Du strike out as doublet. Hithpa`el reciprocal look at each other: Imperfect 2 masculine plural לָ֫מָּה תִּתְרָאוּ Gen 42:1 (E); techn. 3 masculine plural וַיִּתְרָאוּ פָנִים 2Kgs 14:11 = 2Chr 25:21 and they looked each other in the face, i.e. met in combat, so 1 pl, ׳נִתְרָאֶה פ 2Kgs 14:8 = 2Chr 25:17, compare (perhaps) 2Kgs 23:29, where Wkl Benz conjectures כְּהִתְרָאוֺת אִתּוֺ (or Niph`al כְּהֵרָאוֺת אִתּוֺ) for ᵑ0 כִּרְאֹתוֺ אֹתוֺ. Hiph`il₆₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular הֶרְאָה Gen 41:28 +, suffix הִרְאַנִי Amos 7:1 +, הֶרְאָ֑נִי Ezek 11:25, הֶרְאָנוּ Deut 5:21; Judg 13:23, הֶרְאֱךָ Deut 4:36 1 singular יְהַרְאֵיתִ֫י Nah 3:5 (Ges^{«GKC:53p»§ 53p}), suffix הֶרְאִיתִיךָ Deut 34:4, הִרְאִיתִים Isa 39:4 compare || 2Kgs 20:15, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַרְאֶה Isa 30:30, וַיַּרְא 2Kgs 11:4, suffix יַרְאֵנִי Num 23:3; Ps 59:11 1 singular suffix אַרְאֶךָּ Gen 12:1 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַרְאֵנִי Exod 33:18, etc.; Infinitive construct הַרְאוֺת Deut 3:24 +, suffix הַרְאוֺתְכָה Ezek 40:4 —

1. a. cause one to see something, shew: (I) subject man, with accusative of person + thing, Num 13:26b (JE), Judg 1:24; Judg 1:25; 2Kgs 20:13 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 20:15 = Isa 39:2 (twice in verse); Isa 39:4 + 4 t., accusative of thing omitted Ezek 40:4; Esth 4:8, accusative reflexive נַפְשׁוֺ +accusative of thing Eccl 2:24 מִי יַרְאֵנוּ טוֺב Ps 4:7, accusative of person omitted, = exhibit Esth 1:4 with 2 accusative of person Judg 4:22; 2Kgs 11:4. (2) especially subject ׳י (God), with accusative of person + thing, Gen 12:1; Exod 9:16 (both J), Gen 41:28; Gen 48:11 (both E), Exod 33:18; Deut 34:1b (both J E), Deut 3:24; Deut 4:36; Deut 5:21; Josh 5:6 (D), Exod 25:9 (P), Judg 13:23 + 5 t. + (of revelation to prophets) Num 23:3 (JE), Jer 38:21; Ezek 11:25, also, with accusative of thing of cognate meaning, Num 8:4 (P), accusative of thing omitted Deut 34:4 (JE), accusative of person omitted = exhibit, Isa 30:30 of visions, ׳י subject, with accusative of person +כֹּה Amos 7:1; Amos 7:4; Amos 7:7; Amos 8:1, +כַּאֲשֶׁר Exod 27:8 (P), with accusative of person only = cause to see [a vision] Jer 24:1 with 2 accusative of person + apposition 2Kgs 8:13, accusative of person + clause with כִּי v2Kgs 8:10. (3) subject angel, accusative of person + thing, of revelation to prophet Zech 2:3; Zech 3:1 accusative of person + clause with מָה Zech 1:9.
b. cause, to experience something, with accusative of person + thing, subject ׳י, Hab 1:3; Ps 60:5; Ps 71:20; Ps 85:8. Psalm

2. cause to look intently at, to behold, with accusative of person +ב of thing (compare Qal 8), subject ׳י:
a. cause to gaze at, with joy Ps 50:23; Ps 91:16.
b. in exultation, cause to feast one's eyes upon, fallen enemies Ps 59:11 (compare MI⁷)
c. in weakened sense, cause to behold Deut 1:33 (compare Dr). Psalms

Hoph`al 1. be caused to see, be shewn: Perfect 2 masculine singular הָרְאֵיתָ, subject man, accusative of thing, Exod 26:30 (P; ב location); so Participle מָרְאֶה Exod 25:40 (P; ב location); followed by infinitive אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי Deut 4:35.

2. be exhibited to, subject thing, accusative of person, Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְהָרְאָה אֶתהַֿכֹּהֵן Lev 13:49 (P).

BDB7661 H7200 H7207

רַאֲוָה Ezek 28:17 see √Qal Infinitive, and 8 a (6).

BDB9876 H7200

ר

ראה (√ of following; not Aramaic; Biblical Hebrew רָאָה see).

see, saw, seen, behold, looked, …

rāʾâ

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

(Qal)

to see

to appear, present oneself

to cause to see, show

to be caused to see, be shown

אֶת

Particle points to the object of the verb — leave untranslated

Dictionary form: אֵת · ate

Particle — Direct Object Marker

and ×240 of ×109 him ×107 them ×73 with ×72 from ×64 you ×61 me ×54

More options

[direct object marker — untranslated] — Most common use; marks definite direct object, no English equivalent.

with — Use when אֵת expresses accompaniment or association.

from — Use when context implies source or separation.

along with — Emphasizes inclusion or togetherness in a list.

together with — Slightly more formal; stresses joint participation.

among — Use when indicating presence within a group.

BDB853 H853

I. אֵת, with makk. אֶתֿ, with suffix אֹתִי; אֹתְךָ, אֹתְכָה Num 22:33, אֹתָ֑ךְ, אֹתָ֑כָה Exod 29:35, feminine אֹתָךְ; אֹתוֺ etc.; 2 plural אֶתְכֶם, once אוֺתְכֶם Josh 23:15 3 masculine plural regularly אֹתָם, rarely אֶתְהֶם Gen 32:1; Exod 18:20; Num 21:3; Ezek 34:12; 1Chr 6:50, once אוֺתְהֶם Ezek 23:45 3 feminine plural, on the contrary, regularly אֶתְהֶן (13 t.), once אֹתָן Ezek 16:54 (also אוֺתְהֶן Ezek 23:47, אֹתָ֖נָה Exod 35:26, אוֺתָ֖נָה Ezek 34:21); forms with cholem also often written plene: — the mark of the accusative, prefixed as a rule only to nouns that are definite (Moabite id., Phoenician אית i.e. אִיַּת (Schröd^{p. 213 f.}); Aramaic יָת frequently in ᵑ7; Syriac very rare as mark of accusative (for which is preferred), but used often in the sense of substance οὐσία, also in that of self, e.g. per se, reapse, sibi ipsi, PS^{1640 f.}, Samaritan ; Arabic , only used with suffix, when it is desired to emphasize the pronoun, e.g. Qor 1:4 W^{AG i. § 189.} [Ethiopic uses k£y¹ similarly, Di^{§ 150 a}; but it is dubious if this is etymologically akin.] The primitive form will have been 'iwyath, originally a substantive with following genitive, Ol^{p. 432}; whether ultimately a parallel development with אוֺת sign from √ אוה is uncertain: Ol W^{AG i. § 188} Lag^{M i. 226 affirm}, Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738 doubts. In Hebrew the ground-form is} אוֺת; the forms with ¢, e being abbreviated. In post Biblical Hebrew, used in combination with another preposition: thus בְּאוֺתוֺ הַיּוֺם = Bibl. בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא, בְּאוֺתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה; or as a nomin., e.g. אוֺתוֺ הָאִישׁ = Bibl. הָאִישׁ הַהוּא).

1. As mark of the accusative prefixed to substantives defined either by the article (or כֹּל), or by a genitive or pronominal affix, or in virtue of being proper names:
a. with transitive verbs, Gen 1:1; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:29; Gen 1:30; Gen 2:11; Gen 4:1; Gen 4:2; Gen 9:3 (אֶתֿכֹּל׃) etc. Similarly אֶתמִֿי whom (in particular), Josh 24:15; 1Sam 12:3; 1Sam 28:11; Isa 6:8 and elsewhere (but never אֶתמָֿה); also with זֶה Gen 29:33; Gen 44:29; 1Sam 21:16; 1Kgs 22:27 +, זֹאת Gen 29:27; 2Sam 13:27 +, אֵלֶּה Gen 46:18; Lev 11:18; Isa 49:21 +. So pretty uniformly in prose; but in poetry את is commonly dispensed with. By the use of את with the pronominal affix, a pronoun can at once, if required, be placed in a position of emphasis; let the order of words from this point of view be carefully noticed in the following passages: Gen 7:1; Gen 24:14; Gen 37:4; Lev 10:17; Lev 11:33; Num 22:32 thee I had slain, and her I had kept alive, Deut 4:14; Deut 6:13; Deut 6:23; Deut 13:5; Judg 14:3 אוֺתָהּ קַח לִי take for me her, 1Sam 14:35; 1Sam 15:1; 1Sam 18:17; 1Sam 21:10 אִםאֹֿתָהּ תִּקַּחלְֿךָ קָ֔ח if thou wilt take that, take it, 1Kgs 1:35; 1Kgs 14:9; Isa 43:22; Isa 57:11; Jer 9:2. So הַאוֺתִי Jer 5:22; Jer 7:19. It also sometimes enables the reflexive sense to be expressed (elsewhere נַפְשָׁם) Jer 7:19; Ezek 34:2. Rarely with a substantive which is undefined (Ew^{§ 277 d 2} Ges^{«GKC:117»§ 117}, 1, R. 2), as Exod 21:28; Num 21:9; Lev 20:14; 1Sam 24:6 (but see Dr) 2Sam 4:11; 2Sam 18:18; 2Sam 23:21 or which, though definite, is without the article, Gen 21:30; 2Sam 15:16; Lev 26:5; 1Sam 9:3 (so Num 16:15) Isa 33:19; Isa 41:7; Ezek 43:10 (for further examples see Ew 1.c.)
b. with a passive verb (Ges^{«GKC:121»§ 121}. 1 Ew^{§ 295 b}) conceived as expressing neutrally the action in question, and construed accordingly with an accusative of that which is its real object: examples occur with tolerable frequency from Gen 4:18 (J) וַיִּוָּלֵד לַחֲנוֺךְ אֶתעֿירָד, Gen 17:5 (P), לֹא יִקָּרֵא עוֺד אֶתשִֿׁמְךָ אַברָם there shall not be called (=one shall not call) thy name Abram, Gen 21:5 (E), Gen 27:42; 2Sam 21:11; 1Kgs 18:13; Hos 10:6 etc., to Jer 35:18; Jer 38:4; Jer 50:20; Ezek 16:4; Ezek 16:5; Esth 2:13 (compare Dr^{JPh xi. 227 f.}): also with passive verbs of filling (Ew^{§ 281 b}), as Exod 1:7 +.
c. with neuter verbs or expressions, especially such as involve the idea of regarding, or treating, appy. by a construction κατὰ σύνεσιν (rare), Josh 22:17; 2Sam 11:25; Neh 9:32 (compare 1Sam 20:13 Dr). Once after אֵין, Hag 2:17 אֵין אֶתְכֶם אֵלַיָֽ.
d. poet. (si vera lectio), after an abstract noun used with a verbal force, Hab 3:13 (Amos 4:11; Isa 13:19; Jer 50:40 מַהְפֵּכָה exerts a verbal force, like the Arabic nom. verbi [see W^{AG i. § 196, 43}]; and Num 10:2; Ezek 17:9 לְמַסַּע, לְמַשְׂאוֺת are Aramaizing infinitives: compare Ew^{§ 239 a}).

2. את marks an accusative in other relations than that of direct object to a verb:
a. with verbs of motion (very rare) Num 13:17; Deut 1:19; Deut 2:7 (to 'walk the wilderness'); denoting the goal Judg 19:18; Ezek 21:25 (Ew^{§ 281 d, n., 282 a 1}).
b. denoting time (duration), also very rare: Exod 13:7; Lev 25:22; Deut 9:25.
c. expressing the accus. of limitation (rare): Gen 17:11; Gen 17:14; 1Kgs 15:23.

3. Chiefly in an inferior or later style, אֵת (or וְאֵת) is used irregularly, partly (α), as it would seem, to give greater definiteness (so especially וְאֵת) at the mention of a new subject (when it may sometimes be rendered as regards), or through the influence of a neighbouring verb (a construct κατὰ σύνεσιν), or by an anacoluthon, partly (β) as resuming loosely some other preposition Thus (α) Exod 1:14; Num 3:26; Num 3:46; Num 5:10 (with הָיָה: so Ezek 35:10) Num 18:21b Deut 11:2 (anacoluthon), Deut 14:13; Josh 17:11; Judg 20:44; Judg 20:46 (contr. vJudg 20:25 vJudg 20:35) 1Sam 17:34 (see Dr) 1Sam 26:16; 2Sam 21:22; 2Kgs 6:5; Isa 53:8 (probably), Isa 57:12; Jer 23:33 (but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ9 אַתֶּם הַמַּשָּׂא) Jer 27:8; Jer 36:22; Jer 38:16 Kt, Jer 45:4 b Ezek 16:22; Ezek 17:21; Ezek 20:16; Ezek 29:4 b Ezek 43:7 (ᵐ5 Co prefix הֲרָאִיתָ) Ezek 44:3; Zech 8:17; Eccl 4:3; Dan 9:13; Neh 9:19; Neh 9:34; 1Chr 2:9; 2Chr 31:17. In 1Sam 30:23; Hag 2:5 probably some such word as remember is to be understood. (β) Jer 38:9; Ezek 14:22 b Ezek 37:19 b Zech 12:10 סָבִיב אֵת 1Kgs 6:5; Ezek 43:17 strangely (in 1 Kings ᵐ5 omits the clause: so Sta^{ZAW 1883, 135}). — In 1Kgs 11:1 וְ is merely and also, and especially (see וְ); v1Kgs 11:25 is corrupt (read with ᵐ5 זֹאת הָרָעָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה הֲדָד); Ezek 47:17; Ezek 47:18; Ezek 47:19 read similarly for ואת, זֹאת: see vEzek 47:20. — For some particulars as to the use of את, see A. M. Wilson^{Hebraica. vi. 139 ff. 212 ff.} (who, however, confuses it sometimes with II. אֵת). For denoting the pronominal object of a verb, את with suffix preponderates relatively much above the verbal affix in P, as compared with J E Deuteronomy Judges Samuel Kings (see Gie^{ZAW 1881, 258 f.}), — partly, probably, on account of the greater distinctness and precision which P loves.

BDB9600 H853 H3487

יָת mark of accusative (= Biblical Hebrew I. אֵת; Palmyrene ית; Zinjirli^{Had. 28} with suffix ותה; Nabataean, Palmyrene with suffix יתה (Lzb²⁶³ Cooke¹⁷⁰; compare RÉS⁴⁶⁸); ᵑ7 Samaritan יָת; Syriac (rare)); — Dan 3:12 דִּי מַנִּיתָ יָָֽתְהוֺן whom thou hast appointed.

with, from, of, and, by, …

ʾēt

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

sign of the definite direct object, not translated in English but generally preceding and indicating the accusative

הָ אָ֣רֶץ

הָ

Prefix — article the

אָ֣רֶץ

Root word land, earth, ground, country, countries, …

Dictionary form: אֶרֶץ · eh-RETS

Noun — Common, both singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: land

the land ×425 the earth ×247 in the land ×246 of the earth ×197 of the land ×197 land ×130 out of the land ×66 in the earth ×43

More options

land — Best default; territory, region, or promised land.

earth — Prefer for cosmic or global scope (whole creation).

ground — Physical soil or surface; localized, tangible contexts.

country — Distinct nation-territory; political or ethnic emphasis.

region — Geographical area without strong political connotation.

world — Rare; only when universal scope is clearly intended.

BDB780 H776

אֶ֫רֶץ₂₄₀₇ noun feminine^{Gen 10:11} & (seldom) masculine^{Gen 13:16} earth, land (Phoenician, MI ארץ, Assyrian irƒitu COT^Gloss, Arabic , Sabean ארץֿ e.g. Os⁹ DHM^{ZMG 1875, 594, 614}; Semitic Sprachf. 12, compare Prä^{BAS i. 374 n.}, Aramaic אֲרַע, ) — ׳א absolute Gen 1:24 +; construct Gen 2:11 +; אָ֑רֶץ Gen 1:10 +; with article always הָאָ֫רֶץ Gen 1:11 +; with ָ ה locative אַ֫רְצָה Gen 11:31 +, (this form also in poetry = אֶרֶץ Job 34:13 +); suffix אַרְצִי Job 20:15 +; (אַרְצֶ֑ךָ) אַרְצְךָ Job 12:1 +, etc.; plural אֲרָצוֺת Jer 28:8 + 65 t.; construct אַרְצוֺת Ezek 39:27 + 6 t.; suffix אַרְצֹתָם Gen 10:5 + 2 t.; —

1. a. earth, whole earth (opposed to a part) Gen 18:18; Gen 18:25; Gen 22:18 (= הָאֲדָמָה Gen 12:3) Jer 25:26; Jer 25:29; Jer 25:30; Jer 26:6; Isa 37:16; Isa 37:20 = 2Kgs 19:15; 2Kgs 19:19; Zech 4:10; Zech 4:14 +.
b. earth, opposed to heaven, sky Gen 1:2; Exod 20:4; Deut 5:8; Deut 30:19; Judg 5:4; Lam 2:1; Isa 37:16 = 2Kgs 19:15; Ps 146:6; 1Chr 21:16; 1Chr 29:11; 2Chr 2:11 +; as permanent Eccl 1:4 built on foundations, or pillars 1Sam 2:8; Ps 104:5; Job 38:4; Isa 48:13; Isa 51:13; Isa 51:16 compare also Isa 24:18; Ps 82:5 firm, so that its shaking is something terrible, & token of terrible power 1Sam 14:4; 2Sam 22:8 = Ps 18:8; Job 9:6 compare Ps 46:2 & vPs 46:6 so also Amos 8:8; Isa 2:19; Isa 2:21; Isa 24:18; Isa 24:19; Isa 24:20; Ps 60:4; Ps 77:19; Ps 99:1; Ps 114:7 as hung on nothing Job 26:7 with waters under it Exod 20:4 = Deut 5:8 compare Gen 7:11 personified, especially as addressed, called to witness, etc. Deut 32:1; Jer 6:19; Jer 22:29; Isa 1:2; Mic 1:2; Job 16:18.
c. earth = inhabitants of earth Gen 6:11; 1Kgs 2:2; 1Kgs 10:24; Ps 33:8; Ps 66:4 + compare ׳תֵּבֵל א Prov 8:31; Job 37:12.

2. land =
a. country, territory, שִׁנְעָר ׳א Gen 10:10, מִצְרַיִם ׳א Gen 21:21 compare also Gen 10:11; Gen 11:28; Gen 11:31; Gen 13:10; Gen 47:6; Gen 47:27; Gen 50:8; Isa 7:18; Isa 23:1; Isa 23:13; Isa 27:13; Ps 78:12; Jer 25:20; 1Chr 1:43 personified Isa 62:4; Eccl 10:16; Eccl 10:17.
b. district, region Gen 19:28; Gen 22:2; Josh 11:3; Ps 42:7.
c. tribal territory Deut 34:2; Judg 21:21; 1Sam 9:4; 1Sam 9:16; 1Sam 13:7; 1Kgs 15:20; Isa 8:23 and still smaller territories 1Sam 9:4; 1Sam 9:5.
d. piece of ground Gen 23:15.
e. specifically land of Canaan, or Israel Gen 11:31; Gen 12:1; Gen 12:5; Gen 12:6; Gen 12:7; Gen 31:3; Deut 17:14; Deut 18:9; 2Kgs 5:2; 2Kgs 5:4 +; especially object of יָרַשׁ possess Deut 3:20 + often Deuteronomy, Psalms and elsewhere; so after נָחַל Josh 19:49 +; נָתַן Deut 1:21 +. feminine = inhabitants land Lev 19:29; Ezek 14:13 + compare Deut 24:4; Zech 12:12 etc.
g. used even of Sh®°ôl Job 10:21; Job 10:22 (compare Assyrian irƒit la târat, land without return, in Descent of Ishtar, see Jr^{10. 65}); see also Ps 139:15; Isa 44:23.

3. a. ground, surface of ground = אֲדָמָה q. v. Gen 1:26; Gen 1:30; Gen 18:2; Gen 33:3; Gen 38:9; Exod 4:3; Exod 16:4; Ruth 2:10; 1Sam 5:4 + very often in Samuel.
b. soil, as productive = אֲדָמָה Gen 1:11; Gen 1:12; Lev 19:9; Lev 25:9; Lev 26:4 compare Num 14:7; Num 14:8; Isa 36:7 = 2Kgs 18:32; Ps 72:6; Ps 72:16; Ps 107:34; Ps 107:35; Ezra 9:12; Neh 9:35.

4. אֶרֶץ in phrases:
a. people of the land ׳עַםהָֿא of non-Israelites Gen 23:7; Gen 23:12; Gen 23:13 (P) Num 14:9 (JE); as well as Israel Lev 20:4 (H) 2Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 16:15; 2Kgs 21:24 (twice in verse); especially common people, opposed to officials, princes Lev 4:27 (P) Ezek 7:27; 2Kgs 11:18; 2Kgs 11:19.
b. in measurements of distance, ׳כִּבְרַת הָא the space or distance of country (see כּברה) Gen 35:16, so ׳כִּבְרַת א some distance Gen 48:7; 2Kgs 5:19.
c. אֶרֶץ הַמִּישׁוֺר the country of the plain, level or plain country Deut 4:33; Jer 48:21 מִישׁוֺר ׳א figurative Ps 143:10 (but read אֹרַח ᵑ6 Bi Gr Che, compare Ps 27:11).
d. חַיִּים ׳א land of the living Ps 27:13 הַחַיִּים ׳א Ps 142:6.
e. ׳קְצֵה הָא end(s) of the earth Isa 42:10; Isa 43:6 (|| רָחוֺק) Ps 135:7; Prov 17:24, so ׳אַפְסֵי א Prov 30:4 +; ׳קְצוֺת הָא Isa 40:28; Isa 41:5; Isa 41:9.

5. plural אֲרָצוֺת is almost wholly late, Jer 16:15 + 6 t. Jeremiah; 23 t. Ezekiel; Isa 36:20; Isa 37:11 = 2Kgs 18:35; 2Kgs 19:11 (Isa 37:18 read הַגּוֺיִם see Che Di & compare 2Kgs 19:17); 22 t. Chronicles; Dan 9:7; Dan 11:40; Dan 11:42; Ps 105:44; Ps 106:27; Ps 107:3; Ps 116:9 besides these only P Gen 10:5; Gen 10:20; Gen 10:31; Lev 26:36; Lev 26:39, except Gen 26:3; Gen 26:4 (J^R) Gen 41:54 (JE); it denotes lands, countries, often in contrast to Canaan, lands of the nations, etc., see especially absolute Ezek 20:32; Ezek 22:4 = the various petty divisions of Canaan afterward united under Israel's control Gen 26:3; Gen 26:4, compare 1Chr 13:2 אַרְצוֺת יִשְׂרָאֵל, 2Chr 11:23 אַרְצוֺת יְהוּדָה.

BDB9347 H772 H776

[אֲרַע]₂₁ noun [feminine] earth (so ᵑ7 Syriac; = Biblical Hebrew אֶרֶץ, q. v.); — emphatic אַרְעָא Dan 2:35; Dan 2:39 + 16 t. Daniel; Ezra 5:11; Jer 10:11b; אַ֫רְעָא (D^{§§ 9, 5 a; 44, 1 n}) = אֲרַע + ָ֯ of direction, earthward, i.e. downward, אַרְעָא מִנָּח Dan 2:39 Kt lower than thou, i.e. inferior to thee Qr אֲרַע (compare ᵑ7 אֲרַע מִן Ruth 4:4); — Jer 10:11a see [ אֲרַק].

land, earth, ground, country, countries, …

ʾereṣ

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

land, earth

earth

whole earth (as opposed to a part)

country, territory

ground

people of the land

lands, countries

often in contrast to Canaan

הַ טּוֹבָ֔ה

הַ

Prefix — article the

טּוֹבָ֔ה

Root word good, better, well, goodness, goodly, …

Dictionary form: טוֹב · tobe

Adjective — feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: the good

good ×127 the good ×26 better ×25 is good ×22 is better ×21 a good ×13 well ×12 for good ×11

More options

good — Default all-purpose rendering; works in most contexts.

fine — Lighter register; suits quality, appearance, or craftsmanship.

pleasant — Emphasises enjoyment or sensory appeal.

beautiful — Prefer when describing physical attractiveness or appearance.

prosperous — Use when tob refers to welfare, wealth, or flourishing.

favorable — Suits attitudes, conditions, or outcomes seen as advantageous.

BDB3305 H2896

II. טוֺב adjective pleasant, agreeable, good (see Lag^{BN 26}; Aramaic טַב, Palmyrene טב Vog^{No. 81}, טבא Vog^{No. 75}) — masculine ׳ט Gen 2:12 + 22 t., טוֺבָם Mic 7:4 feminine טוֺבָה Esth 8:5 + 50 t., טֹבָה Deut 6:18 + 2 t.; construct טוֺבַת Gen 26:7 + 6 t., טֹבַת Gen 24:16 plural טוֺבִים Jer 44:17 + 28 t.; טֹבִים Gen 27:9 + 4 t.; construct טוֺבֵי Dan 1:4 + 2 t.; plural טוֺבוֺת Esth 2:2, טֹבוֺת Jer 24:2 + 6 t., טֹבֹת Gen 6:2 + 4 t.; —

1. pleasant, agreeable to the senses:
a. to the sight, fair, of daughters of men Gen 6:2 (J); of a son Exod 2:2 (E), 1Sam 9:2; 1Kgs 20:3, young men (but read herds ᵐ5 Th We Klo Dr Bu) 1Sam 8:16 מראיהם their appearance Dan 1:15, טֹבַת מראה Gen 24:16; Gen 26:7 (both J), 2Sam 11:2; Esth 1:11; Esth 2:3; Esth 2:7 טוב ראי 1Sam 16:12 טוב תאר 1Kgs 1:6 טובַת חן Nah 3:4 טוֺבוֺת מראה Esth 2:2 טוֺבֵי מראה Dan 1:4 טוב לעינים Eccl 11:7 טובה בעיניו fair in his eyes Esth 8:5 of mantle Josh 7:21 (J); goodly houses Isa 5:9; Deut 8:12 cities Deut 6:10 situation of city 2Kgs 2:19.
b. to the taste, good, sweet, agreeable for eating למאכל Gen 2:9; Gen 3:6 (both J); ears of grain Gen 41:5; Gen 41:22; Gen 41:24; Gen 41:26 (E); figs Jer 24:2; Jer 24:3 (twice in verse); Jer 24:5 honey Prov 24:13 כְּיֵין הטוב Song 7:10 as wine of the best sort (Hi reads כַּיַּיִן); תְּנוּבָתִי הַטּוֺבָּה Judg 9:11 my sweet fruit (|| מָתְקִי).
c. to the smell, sweet-scented, of ointment Song 1:3 קנה הטוב Jer 6:20 the fragrant cane.
d. of pleasant shadow of tree Hos 4:13.

2. pleasant to the higher nature, giving pleasure, happiness, prosperity, and so agreeable, pleasing, well:
a. of time: יום טוב good day, festal day 1Sam 25:8; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:19; Esth 9:22 of feasts Zech 8:19 prosperous years Gen 41:35 (E).
b. of place, טוב בית הנשׁים Esth 2:9 the best part of the women's house; לוֺ ׳בַּטּ Deut 23:17, בְּעֵינֵי ׳בַּטּ Gen 20:15 (see c f below)
c. of persons, (אתה) טוב בעיני pleasing in the eyes of 1Sam 29:6 (twice in verse); 1Sam 29:9 ׳טוב בעיני י Mal 2:17 (compare verb 4, and f below); later לִפְנֵי Eccl 2:26 (twice in verse); Eccl 7:26 inserted in 1Sam 29:10 ᵐ5 We Dr; compare עם ׳ט 1Sam 2:26.
d. of word or message, בְּשׂוֺרָה טוֺבָה 2Sam 18:27 good tidings; ׳שְׁמוּעָה ט good report 1Sam 2:24; Prov 15:30; Prov 25:25 דבר בעתו Prov 15:23 a word in its season; דבר טוב Prov 12:25 an agreeable word (maketh the heart glad); דבר טוב Ps 45:2 a good theme.
e. of other things, דֶּרֶךְ טובה 1Sam 24:20 a pleasant, prosperous journey; מנחה כי טוב Gen 49:15 (poem); of unity of brethren מה טוב ומה נעים Ps 133:1 how good and how pleasant it is! טוב לְ (יהיה) it shall be well for Eccl 2:3; Eccl 6:12; Eccl 8:12; Eccl 8:13 (compare verb 3); הֲטוֺב כִּי Job 13:9 will it be advantageous that (see 5). feminine עשׂה הטוב בעיני do what is pleasing in the eyes of Gen 16:5 (J), Judg 19:24; 1Sam 1:23; 1Sam 3:18; 1Sam 14:40 2 Sam 10:12> = 1Chr 19:13; 2Sam 19:19; 2Sam 19:28; 2Sam 19:39; 2Kgs 10:5; 2Kgs 20:3 = Isa 38:3; 1Chr 21:23 = 2Sam 24:22 where object of העלה; ׳עשׂה (כ) (כל) (ה)טוב בע Gen 19:8 (J), Judg 10:15; 1Sam 11:10; 1Sam 14:36; Esth 3:11 (כ)הטוב עשׂה ׳ו(כ)הישׁר בע) Deut 12:28; Josh 9:25 (D), 2Chr 14:1; Jer 26:14, compare Esth 8:8 nouns reversed Deut 6:18 עשׂה הטוֺב והישׁר לפני 2Chr 31:20 ׳טוב בע in other combinations Num 36:6 (P), Jer 40:4 ראה הטוב והישׁר 2Kgs 10:3 ׳דבּר ט 1Kgs 22:13 = 2Chr 18:12; Num 10:29 (J), 1Sam 19:4; Esth 7:9 דבּר מטוב עדרֿע speak either good or bad Gen 31:24; Gen 31:29 (E); למרע ועד טוב 2Sam 13:22 רע או טוב Gen 24:50 (J); ׳התנבא ט 1Kgs 22:8; 1Kgs 22:18 = 2Chr 18:17 compare 1Kgs 22:13 = 2Chr 18:12.

3. good, excellent of its kind:
a. of the several creations, וירא אלהים כי טוֺב and God saw that it was good, excellent Gen 1:4; Gen 1:10; Gen 1:12; Gen 1:18; Gen 1:21; Gen 1:25 (P); טוֺב מאר כל אשׁר עשׂה והנּה Gen 1:31 (P) God saw all that he had made, and behold it was very excellent. So
b. of land, soil, fruitful, fertile: ארץ Exod 3:8; Num 13:19 (both J), Num 14:7 (P), Deut 1:25; Deut 1:35; Deut 3:25; Deut 4:21; Deut 4:22; Deut 6:18; Deut 8:7; Deut 8:10; Deut 9:6; Deut 11:17; Josh 23:16 (D), Judg 18:9; 1Chr 28:8 אדמה 1Kgs 14:15; Josh 23:13; Josh 23:15 (D); הר Deut 3:25 חלקה 2Kgs 3:19; 2Kgs 3:25 שׂדה Ezek 17:8 נָוֶה Ezek 34:14 מרעה 1Chr 4:40; Ezek 34:14; Ezek 34:18.
c. of vegetation, choice, fruitful זֵיתִים 1Sam 8:14 עץ 2Kgs 3:19; 2Kgs 3:25; Ezek 31:16 שׁמן טוב 2Kgs 20:13 precious oil = Isa 39:2; Ps 133:2; Eccl 7:1 of seed, אם שׁניהם טובים Eccl 11:6 whether both of them will be fruitful.
d. of animals, fat בקר Gen 18:7 (J); עזים Gen 27:9 (J); פרות Gen 41:26 (E); יָרֵךְ Ezek 24:4.
e. of minerals, fine, pure זהב Gen 2:12 (J), 2Chr 3:5; 2Chr 3:8 כֶּתֶם Lam 4:1 brass Ezra 8:27, soldering Isa 41:7.

4. good, rich, valuable in estimation:
a. in quantity, שׂיבה טובה good old age Gen 15:15 (R), Gen 25:8 (P), Judg 8:32; 1Chr 29:28 dowry Gen 30:20 (E; many sons); treasury Deut 28:12 (from which ׳י sends blessings).
b. in price, goodly, valuable: of the estimation put upon house, beast, and tithe Lev 27:10 (twice in verse); Lev 27:12; Lev 27:14; Lev 27:33 (H); profit Prov 31:18 hire Eccl 4:9 מחמדי הטבים Joel 4:5 my goodly precious things.

5. good, appropriate, becoming, טוב אשׁר Eccl 7:18 (compare Eccl 5:4 below); טובה חכמה עם נחלה Eccl 7:11 wisdom is good with an inheritance (other transitive see in VB); || יָפֶה Eccl 5:17 with עֵצָה 2Sam 17:7; 2Sam 17:14 good advice; טוב פתר Gen 40:16 (E) that he interpreted well; טוב הדבר (לא) Exod 18:17 (E) the thing is (not) good, wise, so Deut 1:14; 1Sam 26:16 טוב (ה)דבר the word is good, is well said 1Sam 9:10; 1Kgs 2:38; 1Kgs 2:42; 1Kgs 18:24; 2Kgs 20:19 = Isa 39:8, for which abbreviated טוב well! good! exclamation Ruth 3:13; 1Sam 20:7; 2Sam 3:13; 1Kgs 2:18 followed by כּי it is good that 2Sam 18:3; Ruth 2:22; Lam 3:27; Job 10:3 (compare Job 13:9 2 e); with infinitive Gen 2:18 (J), Ps 73:28; Ps 92:2; Ps 147:1; Prov 25:27 (compare below 10); with וְ (strangely) ׳טוֺב וְיָחִיל וגו Lam 3:26 it is good that one wait (see דּוּמָם, יָחִיל); בלא דעת נֶפֶשׁ לא טוב Prov 19:2 that a soul be without knowledge is not good.

6. with מִן comparative = better, followed by infinitive Gen 29:19 (E), Exod 14:12 (J), Ps 118:8; Ps 118:9; Prov 16:19; Prov 25:7; Eccl 6:9; Eccl 7:2 infinitive omitted Prov 21:9; Prov 21:19; Prov 25:24 מן omitted Num 14:3 (J; comparative only implied); with מן person Judg 15:2; Ruth 4:15; 1Sam 1:8; 1Sam 9:2; 1Sam 15:28; 1Kgs 2:32; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Chr 21:13; Prov 12:9; Prov 16:32; Prov 19:1; Prov 19:22; Prov 27:10; Prov 28:6; Lam 4:9; Esth 1:19; Eccl 4:3; Eccl 4:9; Eccl 4:13; Eccl 6:3; Eccl 7:5; Eccl 7:8 with מן of thing Judg 8:2; 1Sam 15:22; 2Sam 17:14; 1Kgs 21:2; 2Kgs 5:12; Hos 2:9; Amos 6:2; Isa 56:5; Jonah 4:3; Jonah 4:8; Ps 37:16; Ps 63:4; Ps 84:11; Ps 119:72; Prov 3:14; Prov 8:11; Prov 8:19; Prov 15:16; Prov 15:17; Prov 16:8; Prov 16:16; Prov 17:1; Prov 22:1; Prov 27:5; Song 1:2; Eccl 4:6; Eccl 7:1; Eccl 7:3; Eccl 7:8; Eccl 7:10; Eccl 9:4; Eccl 9:16; Eccl 9:18 followed by -מִשֶּׁ Eccl 5:4 מַהטּֿוֺב ֗֗֗ הֲ ֗֗֗ אִם is it better ... or ? Judg 9:2 הֲטוב ֗֗֗ אוֺ Judg 18:19 אין -טוב שֶׁ Eccl 2:24 (read -מִשֶּׁ see Commentaries); אין טוב מאשׁר Eccl 3:22 אין טוב כִי אִם Eccl 3:12; Eccl 8:15 so 1Sam 27:1 ᵐ5 We Dr Klo Kit Bu (ᵑ0 only כי with Imperfect)

7. of man's sensuous nature, glad, happy, prosperous: טוב לב merry, glad heart Prov 15:15; Esth 5:9; Eccl 9:7 טוֺבֵי לב 1Kgs 8:65 = 2Chr 7:10 טובים וַנּהיה Jer 44:17 we were prosperous; similarly Ps 112:5.

8. of man's intellectual nature, שֵׂכֶל טוֺב good understanding 2Chr 30:22; Ps 111:10; Prov 3:4; Prov 13:15 טוֺבַת שֶׂכֶל 1Sam 25:3.

9. good, kind, benign:
a. of men, themselves 1Sam 25:15; 2Sam 18:27; 2Chr 10:7 the eye Prov 22:9 דברים טובים kind words 1Kgs 12:7 = 2Chr 10:7.
b. of God, himself Nah 1:7; 2Chr 30:18; Ps 86:5 כי טוב for he is good, kind Ps 34:9; Ps 100:5; Ps 135:3; Jer 33:11 כי טוב כי לעולם חסדוֺ 1Chr 16:34; 2Chr 5:13; 2Chr 7:3; Ezra 3:11; Ps 106:1; Ps 107:1; Ps 118:1; Ps 118:29; Ps 136:1 טוב לְ kind to Ps 73:1; Ps 145:9; Lam 3:25 יד (ה)טובה על Ezra 7:9; Ezra 8:18; Neh 2:8; Neh 2:18 רוחךָ (ה)טובה Neh 9:20; Ps 143:10 שׁמךָ כי טוב Ps 52:11; Ps 54:8 כּי טוב חסדךָ Ps 69:17; Ps 109:21 הדבר(ים) הטוב(יםׅ the good, kind word(s) spoken in promise Josh 21:43; Josh 23:14; Josh 23:15 (D), 1Kgs 8:56; Jer 29:10; Jer 33:14; Zech 1:13.

10. good (ethical), right: מה טוב || what Yahweh requires Mic 6:8, || משׁפט Job 34:4:
a. of man himself || ישׁר Mic 7:4 אישׁ טוב Prov 14:14 (ה)טוב(יםׅ = (the) good 2Chr 19:11; Ps 125:4; Prov 2:28; Prov 12:2; Prov 13:22; Prov 14:19; Prov 15:3; Eccl 9:2 (twice in verse); man's deeds דברים 2Chr 2:12; 2Chr 19:3 מעשׂה 1Sam 19:4; Eccl 12:14 מעללים Ezek 36:31 דֶּרֶךְ הטובה והישׂרה 1Sam 12:23 the good and right way; (הַ)דֶּרֶךְ (ה)טוב(הׅ (the) good way 1Kgs 8:36 = 2Chr 6:27; Isa 65:2; Jer 6:16; Ps 36:5; Prov 16:29 דבריךָ טובים ונכחים 2Sam 15:3 good and right is thy case; דבר טוב good thing 1Kgs 14:13 לא טוב הדבר Neh 5:9 אשׂר לא טוב עשׂה Ezek 18:18 so of מאזני מרמה etc., Prov 20:23 לא טובc. infinitive (see 5 it is not good or right to: ענושׁ לצדּיק Prov 17:26 פני רשׁע שׂאת Prov 18:5 הכּר פנים Prov 28:21; Prov 24:23 (בל טוב).
b. of God טוב אתה ומטיב Ps 119:68 טוב וישׁר יהוה Ps 25:8 משׁפטיך טובים Ps 119:39 his commands מצות Neh 9:13 חקים Ezek 20:25 (לא טובים); לקח טוב Prov 4:2 מפי עליון לא תצא הרעות והטוב Lam 3:38.

BDB3306 H2896

III. טוֺב noun masculine^{Jer 17:6} (compare טוֺבָה noun feminine) a good thing. benefit, welfare: — ׳ט Gen 26:29 + 134 t.; —

1. welfare, prosperity, happiness: || שָׁלוֺם Isa 52:7; Jer 8:15; Jer 14:19 אם טוב ואם רע Jer 42:6 whether prosperity or adversity; יבוא טוב Jer 17:6 prosperity cometh; ׳שׂמח בט Deut 26:11; 2Chr 6:41 ׳ראה בט Eccl 2:1; Jer 29:32 object of ראה Ps 4:7; Ps 34:13; Eccl 2:24; Eccl 3:13; Job 7:7 of דרשׁ Esth 10:3 of בקשׁ Ps 122:9 מנע Ps 84:12; Jer 5:25 נתן Ps 85:13 קוה Job 30:26 מצא Prov 16:20; Prov 17:20; Prov 18:22; Prov 19:8 נחל Prov 28:10 חסר Ps 34:11 בשׂר 1Kgs 1:42; Isa 52:7 ׳חול לט Mic 1:12 ׳חכמה וט 1Kgs 10:7 טוב וחסד Ps 23:6 בטוב in prosperity Ps 25:13; Job 21:13; Job 36:11; Eccl 7:14 מטוב because of prosperity Zech 1:17 afar from happiness Ps 39:3 כטוב Hos 10:1 לטוב Deut 30:9; Jer 15:11 לטוב לָנוּ Deut 6:24 for good to us, = for our good, Deut 10:13 (לְךָ), Jer 32:39 (לָהֶם; compare לרע ל Jer 7:6; Jer 25:7).

2. good things, (collective) ברכ(ו)ת ׳ט blessing of good things Ps 21:4; Prov 24:25 מִלֵּא ׳בָתֵּיהֶם ט Job 22:18 filled their houses with good things; object of שׂבע Job 104:28; Prov 12:14 מלא Ps 107:9 אכל Prov 13:2; Isa 55:2 לקח Hos 14:3 ׳השׂביע בט Ps 103:5 goods, possessions 1Sam 15:9.

3. good = benefit: גְּמָלַתְהוּ טוֺב וְלֹארָֿע Prov 31:12 she doeth him good and not evil; תַּאֲוַת צַדִּיקִים אַךְטֿוֺב Prov 11:23 the desire of the righteous is only good; object of קבּל Job 2:10 מנע Prov 3:27 שׁחר Prov 11:27 שׁלּם Prov 13:21 עשׂה Gen 26:29 (J), Ps 119:65 היטיב Num 10:32 (J); ׳ערב לט Ps 119:122 ׳חֹרְשֵׁי ט Prov 14:22 who devise good.

4. moral good, ידע טוב ורע Gen 2:9; Gen 2:17; Gen 3:5; Gen 3:22 (J), Deut 1:39 בין טוב לרע 2Sam 19:36 in antithesis with רע elsewhere Deut 30:15; 2Sam 14:17; 1Kgs 3:9; Isa 5:20 (twice in verse); Isa 7:15; Isa 7:16; Amos 5:14; Amos 5:15; Mic 3:2; Ps 34:15; Ps 37:27; Ps 52:5 ׳זנח ט Hos 8:3 cast off good; עשׂה טוֺב do good Ps 14:1; Ps 14:3 = Ps 53:2; Ps 53:4; Ps 37:3; Eccl 7:20, in Eccl 3:12 this meaning seems less fitting; read perhaps ׳לִרְאוֺת ט (Gr, see also De) and tr. to 1; ׳רדף ט Ps 38:21 pursue good; ׳מַעְגַּלטֿ Prov 2:9 path of good.

BDB3309 H2896

טוֺבָה noun feminine welfare, benefit, good things, good; — absolute ׳ט Deut 28:11 + 54 t.; construct טוֺבַת Ps 106:5 suffix טוֺבָתִי Ps 16:2 etc. + 4 t. suffixes; plural טוֺבוֺת Jer 12:6 טֹבוֺת 2Kgs 25:28; Jer 52:32 suffix טוֺבֹתָיו Neh 6:19 —

1. welfare, prosperity, happiness: || שׁלום Deut 23:7; Jer 33:9; Ezra 9:12; Lam 3:17 יוֺם טובה Eccl 7:14 day of prosperity; טוֺבָתִי בַּלעָֿלָיךָ Ps 16:2 is not my welfare dependent upon thee? ׳תְּבוֺאָֽתְךָ ט Job 22:21 prosperity shall come to thee; לטובה Gen 50:20 (E), Deut 28:11; Deut 30:9; 2Chr 18:7; Jer 14:11 לרעה ולא לטובה Amos 9:4; Jer 21:10; Jer 39:16; Jer 44:27 object of verb בקּשׁ Neh 2:10 הביא Jer 32:42 ראה Job 9:25; Eccl 5:17; Eccl 6:6 אבּד Eccl 9:18 ׳ראה בט Ps 106:5 ׳חסר מט Eccl 4:8 object of אכל figurative Job 21:25 = taste happiness; of שׂבע Eccl 6:3 after נחם על Jer 18:10.

2. good things (collective):
a. of good words, object of דבּר 1Sam 25:30; 2Sam 7:28 = 1Chr 17:26; Jer 18:20 plural דבּר טובות Jer 12:6; Jer 52:32 = 2Kgs 25:28.
b. of material possessions ׳ברבות הט Eccl 5:10 when good things increase.

3. bounty, good שְׁנַת טוֺבָתֶ֑ךָ Ps 65:12 year of thy bounty (harvest bestowed by God), so also טובתך Ps 68:11 עשׂה ׳(ה)ט Exod 18:9 (E), Num 24:13 (JE), Judg 8:35; Judg 9:16; 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 2:6; 1Kgs 8:66 = 2Chr 7:10; 2Chr 24:16; Jer 33:9 object of נמל 1Sam 24:18 שׁלּם 1Sam 24:20 רעה תחת טובה Gen 44:4 (J), 1Sam 25:21; Ps 35:12; Ps 38:21; Ps 109:5; Prov 17:13; Jer 18:20 תחת קללה ׳ט 2Sam 16:12 ׳זכר לי לט remember it for me for good Neh 5:19; Neh 13:31 לטובה Ezra 8:22; Neh 2:18; Jer 24:5; Jer 24:6; Ps 86:17 plural טוֺבֹתָיו Neh 6:19 his benefits (i.e. good deeds of Tobiah).

BDB9554 H2869 H2896

טָב adjective good; — absolute ׳ט Dan 2:32 pure gold; = pleasing to (עַל person) Ezra 5:17 (compare Ezra 6:18, Biblical Hebrew טוֺב 5).

good, better, well, goodness, goodly, …

ṭôb

good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good thing, a good man or woman; the good, goods or good things, good men or women), also as an adverb (well)

(adj) good, pleasant, agreeable

pleasant, agreeable (to the senses)

welfare, prosperity, happiness

welfare, prosperity, happiness

אֲשֶׁ֖ר

Particle who, which, that

Dictionary form: אֲשֶׁר · uh-SHER

Particle — Relative

In the KJV here: that

which ×1561 that ×1524 as ×311 whom ×202 who ×88 where ×84 whither ×70 whose ×69

More options

that — Most versatile; works as relative pronoun or conjunction.

which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents and formal register.

who — Use when antecedent is a person or personal being.

where — Use when introducing a place or locative clause.

when — Use when introducing a temporal clause.

because — Use when אֲשֶׁר introduces a causal clause.

BDB3871 H834

כַּאֲשֶׁר conjunction according as, as, when (compare for the combined Aramaic כְּדִי, כַּד) —

1. according to that which, according as, as:
a. Gen 34:12 I will give כאשׁר תאמרו אלי according as ye shall (or may) say unto me, Gen 44:1; Exod 8:23; Num 22:8; 1Sam 2:16; Gen 34:22 if we are circumcised כאשׁר הם נמולים; Gen 41:21 כאשׁר בתחלה as at the beginning, so ׳כ בראשׁונה Josh 8:5; Josh 8:6; 2Sam 7:10; Exod 5:13 ׃כאשׁר בהיות התבן Gen 7:9 they came in two by two כאשׁר צוה אלהִים, as God commanded Noah; so, or similarly, very often, especially in P, vGen 7:16; Gen 8:21; Gen 12:4; Gen 17:23; Gen 21:1 (twice in verse); Exod 16:24; Exod 39:1; Exod 39:5; Exod 39:7; Num 3:16; Num 3:42 etc.; ׳כאשׁר דבר י Deut 1:21; Deut 2:1; Deut 6:3; Deut 6:19 + often Deuteronomy.
b. answered, for increased emphasis, by כֵּן (compare כְּ 2 d), Gen 50:12 ויעשׂו כן כאשׁר צִוָּם, Exod 7:10; Exod 7:20; Gen 18:5 (J) כן חעשׂח כאשׁר דברת, Exod 10:10 (iron.), Amos 5:14 (do.); in opposed to order, Judg 1:7 כאשׁר עשׂיתי, כן שׁלם לי, Exod 7:6 כן עשׂו ׳כאשׁר צוה י, compare Exod 12:28; Exod 12:50; Exod 39:43; Num 5:4; Num 17:26; Num 36:10 (all P); with imperfect (frequently) Num 2:17 (P) כאשׁר יחנו כן יסעו; of degree = the more. . . the more, Exod 1:12 וכאשׁר יענּו אתו כן ירבה וכן יפרץ, compare Exod 17:11 (JE) ׳והיה כאשׁר יריםו֗֗֗גבר ישׁר according as he held up, etc., Israel prevailed; in an oath or solemn promise, Num 14:28 אם לא כאשׁר דברתם כן אעשׂה, Deut 28:63 (Jer 31:28), 1Kgs 1:30; Isa 10:11; Isa 14:24; Isa 52:14f. (see כֵּן 2 b).
c. answered by וַ (Dr^{§ 127} γ) Exod 16:34; Num 1:19.
d. often in similes (followed by imperfect of habit) Exod 33:11 כאשׁר ידבר אישׁ אל רעהו, Num 11:12; Deut 1:44; Isa 9:2; Isa 66:20 +, answered by כֵּן Isa 31:4; Isa 55:10; Isa 66:22; Amos 3:12 +; a second verb is, in such cases, in the perfect with וְ consecutive (Dr^{§ 115}) Deut 22:26; Isa 29:8 כאשׁר יחלםו֗֗֗הקיץ, Isa 65:8; Amos 5:19.
e. הָיָה כַּאֲשֶׁר (compare הָיָה כְּ) to be as if, Job 10:19 כאשׁר לא הייתי אהיה, Zech 10:6 והיו כאשׁר לא זנחתים.

2. with a casual force, in so far as, since (German demgemäss dass), Gen 26:29 if thou doest us no harm כאשׁר לא נגענוך according as, in so far as, we have not touched thee; Num 27:14 כאשׁר מריתם פי inasmuch as ye have defied my mouth, Judg 6:27; 1Sam 28:18 (answered by על כן), 2Kgs 17:26; Mic 3:4.

3. with a temporal force, when, Gen 18:33 and Y. went away כאשׁר כלה when he had finished, etc., Gen 32:3; Gen 32:32; 1Sam 8:6; 2Sam 12:21 +; answered by וַּ (Dr^{§ 127} β), 1Sam 6:6; 1Sam 12:8 ויהי כאשׁר֗֗ and it came to pass, when . . . Gen 12:11; Gen 20:13; Gen 24:22; Gen 24:52; Exod 32:19 + often; Gen 43:14 כאשׁר שׁכלתי שׁכלתי when I am bereaved, I am bereaved ! an expression of resignation, so Esth 4:16 כאשׁר אבדתי אבדתי. Josh 2:7 אחרי כאשׁר is a 'conflate' reading, omit either אחרי or כ. Of future time, Gen 27:40; Gen 40:14 כאשׁר ייטב לך, Hos 7:12; Eccl 4:17; Eccl 5:3, and without a verb Isa 23:5 כאשׁר שׁמע למצרים. — Mic 3:3 כאשׁר is simply as that which, Job 29:25 as one who.

BDB6202 H3282 H834 H3588

יַעַן₉₆ properly substantive, purpose, intention, but always used as preposition or conjunction, on account of, because (for יַעֲנֶה, of the form יִצְהָר etc., Sta^{§ 259} Kö^{ii. 403}; compare mean, intend): —

1. as preposition, rarely with a substantive, Ezek 5:9 יַעַן תּוֺעֲבוֺתֵיכֶם, Hag 1:9 יַעַן מָה, vHag 1:9 יַעַן בֵּיתִי; with a participle Ezek 36:13 יען אמרים because of men saying to you (but read probablyאָמְרָם, Co Toy Berthol); frequently with infinitive with, 1Kgs 21:20 יַעַן הִתְמַכֶּרְךָ on account of thy having sold thyself, Amos 5:11; Isa 30:12; Isa 37:29 (= 2Kgs 19:28) יַעֵן הִתְרַגֶּזְךָ אֵלַי, Jer 5:14; Jer 7:13; Jer 23:38; Jer 48:7, and often. (c. 18 t.) in Ezek., as Jer 5:7 (read יַעַן הַמְרֹתְכֶם), Jer 13:8; Jer 13:22; Jer 25:3; Jer 25:6; Jer 25:8; Jer 25:12.

2. As conjunction:
a. יַעַן אֲשֶׁר (32 t.), usually with perfect, as Gen 22:16 יען אשׁר עשׂית זאת because that thou hast done this, Deut 1:36 (Josh 14:14), Judg 2:20; 1Sam 30:22; 1Kgs 3:11; 1Kgs 8:18; Jer 19:4; Jer 25:8; Jer 29:23 (not Isaiah) +; with imperfect (in frequent. sense) Ezek 44:12.
b. יַען כִּי, Num 11:20 ׳יַעַן כִּי מְאַסְתֶּם אֶתיֿ, 1Kgs 13:21; 1Kgs 21:29; Isa 3:16; Isa 7:5; Isa 8:6; Isa 29:13.
c. יַעַן alone (23 t.), with perfect Num 20:12 יַעַן לֹא הֶאֱמַנְתֶּם בִּי, 1Sam 15:23; 1Kgs 14:13; 1Kgs 20:42; 2Kgs 22:19; Hos 8:1; Isa 61:1; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 with imperfect (frequently) Ezek 34:21 of the future Ezek 12:12 because he shall not see, etc., (but ᵐ5 Co Kau Berthol לְמַעַן אשׁר לא יֵרָאֶה לָעַיִן): usually the verb follows immediately, but Ezek. sometimes puts the object first for emphasis, Ezek 5:11 יַעַן אֶתמִֿקְדָּשִׁי טִמֵּאתָ, Ezek 20:16; Ezek 20:24; Ezek 36:6, compare Ezek 34:21.

3. יַעַן וּבְיַעַן, q.d. because and by the cause (that), followed by perhaps, Lev 26:43 (H) יען וביען בְּמִשְׁפָּטַי מָאָ֔סוּ, Ezek 13:10 יַעַן בְּיַעַז followed by infinitive, Ezek 36:3. (In all, reckoning יען (ו)ביען once each, 93 t., of which 20 are in 1-2 Kings, 11 in Jeremiah, 38 in Ezekiel; and only 9 in Genesis—2Samuel.)

BDB6204 H4616 H834 H4617

[מַ֫עַן] substantive purpose, intent, only with לְ, in לְמַ֫עַן₂₇₁ preposition and conjunction for the sake of, on account of, to the intent or in order that (abbreviated from מַעֲנֶה: compare מַ֫עַל; Kö^{ii. 116}); — with suffix לְמַעֲנִי, לְמַעַנְךָ, and לְמַעַנְכֶם; —

1. preposition: —
a. Gen 18:24 wilt thou ... not spare the place למען חמשׁים הציקים for the sake of the 50 righteous? Deut 30:6 חַיֶּיךָ ׳ל for thy life's sake, 1Kgs 8:41 the foreigner who comer from afar שְׁמֶ֑ךָ ׳ל, Isa 43:14 לְמַעַנְכֶם שִׁלַּחְתִּי בָבֶ֫לָה, Isa 45:4; Isa 62:1 ציון ׳ל, Isa 63:17 עבדיך ׳ל, Isa 65:8; Ezek 36:22 (twice in verse); Job 18:4; Ps 122:8; Ps 122:9 (׳עַבְדִּי ד) לְמַעַן דָּוִד, i.e. for the sake of David's memory, and the promises given to him, 1Kgs 11:12; 1Kgs 11:13; 1Kgs 11:32; 1Kgs 11:34; 1Kgs 15:4; 2Kgs 8:19; 2Kgs 19:34 (= Isa 37:35), Isa 20:6 (all D²); לְמַעֲנִי (of ׳י) for my own sake, i.e. to vindicate my name, 2Kgs 19:34 (= Isa 37:35), 2Kgs 20:6; Isa 43:25; Isa 48:11 לְמַעֲנִי לְמַעֲנִי אֶעֲשֶׁה, so לְמַעַנְךָ Dan 9:19, אֲדֹנָי ׳ל vDan 9:17 ׳י is said (or entreated) to act (שִׁמְךָ, שְׁמִי) לְמַעַן שְׁמוֺ i.e. to maintain his reputation, or character, Ps 23:3; Ps 25:11; Ps 31:4; Ps 79:9; Ps 106:8; Ps 143:11; Jer 14:7; Jer 14:21; Ezek 20:9; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ezek 20:44; Isa 48:9 simile חַסְדְּךָ ׳ל (i.e. to maintain it consistently) Ps 6:5; Ps 44:27, טוּבְךָ ׳ל Ps 25:7, צִדְקוֺ ׳ל Isa 42:21.

b. In view of, on account of (but not expressing causation distinctly, like מִן 2 f, or מִפְּנֵי), Deut 3:26 בי לְמַעַנְכֶם ׳ויתעבר י on your account, 1Kgs 11:39 זֹאת ׳ל in view of this, שׁוֺרֲרַי ׳ל on account of my watchful foes, Ps 5:9; Ps 27:11, צורריך ׳ל Ps 8:3, simil. Ps 69:19; Ps 48:12 (Ps 97:8) משׁפטיך ׳ישמח הר ציון ֗֗֗ ל in view of thy judgments.

c. Sq. infinitive Gen 18:19 ׳לְמַעַן הָבִיא י for the purpose of J.'s bringing = to the intent that J. might bring, Gen 37:22 הַצִּיל ׳ל in order to rescue, Gen 50:20; Exod 1:11; Exod 9:16; Exod 10:1, etc., Deut 2:30; Deut 6:28, etc., 2Kgs 10:19; Jer 7:10; Jer 7:18; Jer 11:5; Jer 50:34 (on הִרגיע, see עַד 2 a b), Ezek 14:5; Ezek 21:5; Ezek 22:6 etc., Ezek 36:5, + often (Kö^{iii.595 f.}). Once, pleonastic, לְמַעַן לָמוּג לֵב Ezek 21:20 (compare כַּעֲבוּר לְ 1Chr 19:3 but read probably הִמּוֺג).

2. conjunction (followed by imperfect): —
a. לְמַעַן אֲשֶׁר Gen 18:19 I have known him אשׁר יְצַוֶּה ׳ל to the end that he might command, etc., Deut 27:3; Josh 3:4; 2Sam 13:5; Jer 42:6 more often
b. without אשׁר, as Gen 12:13 לְמַעַן יִיטַב לִי, Gen 27:25; Exod 4:5 יאמינו ׳ל, Exod 8:6; Exod 8:18; Exod 9:29; Exod 10:2; Isa 5:19; Isa 23:16; Ps 9:15; Ps 30:13; Ps 48:14 + often (Kö^iii.571).

c. Sq. לֹא (a) אשׁר לֹא ׳ל Num 17:5; Deut 20:18; Ezek 31:14; Ezek 36:30; Ezek 46:18 (b) לֹא ׳ל Ezek 14:11; Ezek 19:9; Ezek 25:10; Ezek 26:20; Zech 12:7; Ps 119:11; Ps 119:80; Ps 125:3 (Kö^{iii.574. Less common than} לְבִלְתִּי or מִן with infinitive, or פֶּןֿ).

Note

1. — לְמַעַן is always in order that, never merely so that ἐκβατικῶς); but sometimes, in rhetorical passages, the issue of a line of action, though really undesigned, is represented by it ironically as if it were designed: Deut 29:18 (see Dr) ׳סְפוֺת וגו ׳וְהִתְבָּרֵךְ כִּלְבָבוֺ ֗֗֗ ל and he congratulate himself ... in order to sweep away the moistened with the dry (i.e. to destroy all together), Isa 30:1; Isa 44:9 יֵבוֺשׁוּ ׳בל יראו ובל ידעו ל in orer that they may be put to shame, Jer 7:18 הַכְעִיסֵנִי ׳ל, vJer 7:19 בּשֶׁת פְנֵיהֶם ׳ל, Jer 27:10; Jer 27:15; Jer 32:29; Hos 8:4 their silver, etc., they have made into idols יִכָרֵת ׳ל in order that it may be cut off (of course, not the real purpose of the idolatry), Amos 2:7; Mic 6:16: compare Ps 51:6 (see Comn.) in order that thou mightest be just when thou judgest (that is, by manifesting thy justice in judgement on my sin). compare Qor 28:7 (Fl^{Kl. Schr. i. 397 f.}).

Note 2. — In Josh 4:24 for the anomalous יְרָאתֶם ׳ל, read infinitive יִרְאָתָם ׳ל in order that they might fear (Dr^{§ 14 Obs}.): Neh 6:13 לְמַעַן שָׂכוּר הוּא לְמַעַן אִירָא (si vera 1.) the first ׳ל points forwards, to this intent was he hired, to the intent that I should be afraid. — On Prov 16:4, see מַעֵנֶה above

BDB8356 H834 H7945 H4100

שֶׁ, also ( Gen 6:3 [? see 4 a], Judg 5:7 (twice in verse); Song 1:7; Job 19:29 [?]) שַּׁ , שָׁ in שָׁאַתָּה Judg 6:17, and שְׁ in שְׁהוּא Eccl 2:22, שְׁהֵם Eccl 3:18 (elsewhere before guttural שֶׁ, as שֶׁאֲנִי Song 1:6; Eccl 2:18, שֶׁאֵין Ps 146:3, שֶׁהֵם Song 6:5; Lam 4:9, שֶׁעַל Judg 7:12; Judg 8:26, שֶׁרּאֹשִׁי Song 5:2), relative particle who, which, that, etc. (constantly in Late Hebrew; Aramaic of Nerab, Ldzb^{371, 445}; Assyrian sha; Phoenician אש (regularly), also sometimes ש (Ldzb^{227 f.}): according to Ges Ew^{§ 181 b} Ol^{p. 439} Sta^{§ 176 e, abbreviated} from אֲשֶׁר; more probably (Sperling [see אֲשֶׁר], Kö^{ii. 323 f.}) an original demonstrative particle), synonym with אֲשֶׁר, but in usage limited to late Hebrew, and passages with north Palestinian colouring, namely Judg 5:7 (twice in verse) [אֲשֶׁר vJudg 5:27], Judg 6:17; Judg 7:12; Judg 8:26; 2Kgs 6:11 (see 4 c), Jonah 1:7; Jonah 1:12; Jonah 4:10 [אֲשֶׁר 11 t.], Ps 122:3; Ps 122:4; Ps 123:2; Ps 124:1; Ps 124:2; Ps 124:6; Ps 129:6; Ps 129:7; Ps 133:2; Ps 133:3; Ps 135:2; Ps 135:8; Ps 135:10; Ps 136:23; Ps 137:8; Ps 137:9; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:3; Ps 146:5; Lam 2:15; Lam 2:16; Lam 4:9; Lam 5:18; Ezra 8:20; 1Chr 5:20; 1Chr 27:27 Canticles (uniformly, except in title Song 1:1); Ecclesiastes (68 t.; אֲשֶׁא 89 t.); also (dubious) Gen 6:3; Gen 49:10 (שֶׁלֹּה ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ7), Job 19:29 and in the proper name (q. v.) מִישָׁאֵל and מְתוּשָׁאֵל. — In usage, שֶּׁ is in the main parallel with אֲשֶׁר, namely

1. as pronoun who, which, whom, Judg 7:12 כַּהוֺל שֶׁעַל שְׂפַת הַיָּם (compare חוֺל c), Ps 122:3; Ps 124:6 etc.; him whom, that which, etc., Song 1:7; Song 3:1; 1Chr 27:27; Eccl 1:11; Eccl 6:3 וְרַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ יְמֵי חַיָּיו and much (verb) is that which his days amount to (Hi De and others), vEccl 6:10 הוּא שֶּׁ that which Eccl 1:9 (twice in verse); in the genitive, אַשְׁרֵי שֶּׁ Ps 137:8; Ps 137:9; Ps 146:5. — On מַהשֶּּֿׁ in Eccl = whatever, what, see מָה 1 e b.

2. as a connecting link; = where (compare אֲשֶׁר p. 81, and 4 b β), מְקוֺם שֶּׁ Eccl 1:7; Eccl 11:3 (compare מְקוֺם אֲשֶׁר Gen 39:20 +: Ges^{«GKC:130c»§ 130c}), whither Ps 122:4 (שֶׁשָּׁם ֗֗֗ ), when Song 8:8; Eccl 12:3 בַּיּוֺם שֶּׁ (compare ib. 4 b a).

3.as a conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8); —
a. that, after רָאָה Eccl 2:13; Eccl 3:18, יָרַע Eccl 1:17; Eccl 2:14; Eccl 9:5; Job 19:19 (?), דִּבֶּר Eccl 2:15, אָמַר Eccl 8:14, עָשָׂה אוֺת Judg 6:17 as subject of sentence, Eccl 3:13; Eccl 5:15 also in the phrases, (a) what is ... that ? Song 5:9 (usually כִּי; see מָךְ 1 d b), מֶה הָיָה שֶּׁ how comes it that ... ? Eccl 7:10
(b) Song 3:4 כִּמְעַט שֶׁעָבַרְתּת מֵהֶם hardly (was it) that (German kaum dass) I had passed, etc., Eccl 7:14 עַל דִּדבְרַת שֶׁלּאֹ יִמְצָא to the intent that ..., Eccl 5:15 כָּלעֻֿמַּת שֶׁבֶּא exactly as ..., Eccl 12:9 תֵר שֶׁ besides that, עַד שֶּׁ (עַד ּ Judg 5:7) until that Ps 123:2; Song 2:7; Song 2:17 + (see III. עַד II 1 a a and b; compare Late Hebrew Yoma Song 5:1), while Song 1:12 (ib. 2 d); עָשָׂהשֶּׁ to make or cause that ..., Eccl 3:14 (compare Ezek 36:27).
b. involving a reason (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c), because, since, Song 1:6 (twice in verse); Song 5:2; Eccl 2:18 b. Hence שֵׁלָּמָה Song 1:7 since why ? = lest (see מָה 4 d b).

4. compounds:
a. בְּשֶּׁ , i. q. בַּאֲשֶׁר c (p. 84a) in that, seeing that, Eccl 2:16 also (according to ᵑ0 ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Hu De) Gen 6:3 בְּשַׁגַּם הוּא בָשָׂר because that he also is flesh; but see שָׁגַג.
b. כּשֶּׁ , i. q. כַּאֲשֶׁר p. 455: — (a) according as Eccl 5:14; Eccl 12:7 (b) when (so often in Late Hebrew, as Ab Eccl 1:8 (3 t. in verse); Eccl 1:14) Eccl 9:12; Eccl 10:3.
c. מִשֶּּׁ , i. q. מֵאֲשֶׁר a (p. 84:a), 2Kgs 6:12 מִי מִשֶּׁלָּנוּ who of those that are ours ? (but Klo Kmp^Kau Benz מְגַלֵּנוּ who betrays us ? compare ᵐ5); Eccl 5:4 than that (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Eccl 3:22), + Eccl 2:24 (read מִשֶּׁיּאֹכַל with Ew De, etc.; compare Eccl 3:22).
d. שֶׁל, like אֲשֶׁרלְ (אֲשֶׁר 7 b), a mark of the genitive: thrice, adding slight emphasis to the suffix, Song 1:6 = Song 8:12 כַּרְמִי שֶׁלִּי my vineyard (literally my vineyard, which is mine), Song 3:7 מִטָּתוֺ שֶׁלִּשְׁלֹמֹה (so often in Late Hebrew, but without any special emphasis, as Aboth Song 1:12 הֲוֵי מתלמידיווּ שׁלאֿהרן be of Aaron's disciples, Song 2:1 שְׂכָרָן שֶׁלמִֿצְוֺת, vSong 2:2; Song 3:2 הֲוֵי מתפלל בשׁלומהּ שׁלמֿלכות; compare in Syriac, as Luke 6:42 my words, Nö^{§ 225}). And with בְּ, בְּשֶׁל literally through that which belongs to or concerns, pleonastic for on account of (a late, unidiomatic translation of Aramaic בְּרִיל, from בְּ, דִּי, and לְ, as in Onk Gen 12:13 בדילי on my account, Gen 30:27; Gen 39:5 בְּדִיל יוֺסֵף, בְּדִיל מָא on account of what ? Judg 8:1; 2Sam 9:1; 1Kgs 11:12; 1Kgs 11:39, etc.), Jonah 1:7 בְּשֶׁלְּמִי on account of whom ? (|| vJonah 1:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי; probably a gloss), vJonah 1:12 בְּשֶׁלִּי an account of me (ᵑ7 בְּדִיל מַן, בְּדִילִי); Eccl 8:17 בְּשֶׁל אֲשֶׁר יַעֲמֹל הָאָדָם לְבַקֵּשׁ on account of (the fact) that (= seeing that) man labours, etc. (unidiomatic translation of Aramaic בְּדִיל דְּ because that, as Gen 6:3 בְּדִיל דְּאִינוּן בִּסְרָא, Gen 39:9 בְּרִיל דְּאַתְּ אִיתְּתֵיהּ [for Hebrew בַּאֲשֶׁר אַתְּ אִשְׁתּוֺ]; Palmyrene בדיל די Ldzb²³³, — in Tariff Gen 1:4 (Cooke^{N. Semitic Inscr. 320}) = ἐπειδή).

[שֹׁא] see [ שׁוֺא].

BDB844 H834

אֲשֶׁר particle of relation (Moabite id.; origin dubious:

1. according to Tsepreghi^{Diss. Lugd. p. 171} Mühlau^{Bö. Lb. ii. 79 n.} Sta^{Morg. Forsch. 1875, 188; Lb. § 167} Hom^{ZMG 1878, 708 ff.} Müll^{§ 153} Sayce^{Hebraica. ii. 51} Lag^{M. i. 255 &} especially Krae^{Hebraica. vi. 298 ff}, originally a substantive 'place' = footstep, mark, (do.), אֲתַר, place, Assyrian ašru, used (see Kraetz.) both as a substantive 'there, where,' and as a relative of place 'where': in Hebrew this development has advanced further, and it has become a relative sign generally. The chief objection to this explanation is that it would isolate Hebrew from the other Semitic languages, in which pronouns are formed regularly from demonstrative roots (compare also Nö^{ZMG 1886, 738}).

2. according to Phi^{St. C. 73} Sperling^{Nota Rel. im Hebr. 1876, 15-22} for אֲשֶׁל, developed from the relative שׁ (q. v.) by (1) the prefixing of either a merely prosthetic א, or, better, a pronominal א (giving rise to אש, the form of the relative in Phoenician), and (2) the addition of the demonstrative root ל [found also in אֵל, אֵלָּה, הַלָּזֶה (q. v.), he who, who (plural)]: the main objection to this explanation is the change of ל to ר, which is hardly rendered probable by the compare of Syriac by side of ᵑ7 הָלְכָּא. 1 seems preferable, the primitive root having acquired different significations in the different Semitic languages, and having been weakened in Hebrew to a mere particle of relation). A sign of relation, bringing the clause introduced by it into relation with an antecedent clause. As a rule אֲשֶׁר is a mere connecting link, and requires to be supplemented (see the grammars) by a pronominal affix, or other word, such as שָׁם, defining the nature of the relation more precisely: e.g. Gen 1:11 אֲשֶׁר זַרֵעוֺבֿוֺ literally as to which, its seed is in it = in which is its seed, Ps 1:4 like the chaff אֲשֶׁרתִּֿדְּפֶנּוּ רוּחַ as to which, the wind drives it = which the wind drives, etc.; & so אֲשֶׁרשָׁ֗֗֗ם = where, אֲשֶׁרמִ֗֗֗שָּׁם = whence, Gen 2:11; Gen 3:23; Gen 20:13 etc. Sometimes also (see below) the relation expressed by it is specifically temporal, local causal, etc. More particularly

1. it includes its pronominal antecedent, whether in the nominative or oblique cases, as Num 22:6 וַאֲשֶׁר תָּאֹר יוּאָר and he whom thou cursest is cursed, Exod 4:12 and I will teach thee אֲשֶׁר תְּדַבֵּר that which thou shalt say; and with particles or prepositions, as אֵת אֲשֶׁר (according to the context) him who . . ., those who . . ., that which . . .; לַאֲשֶׁר to him who . . . Gen 43:16, to those who . . . Gen 47:24, to that which Gen 27:8 מֵאֲשֶׁר Judg 16:30; 2Sam 18:18 than those whom; Lev 27:24 לַאֲשֶׁר קָנָהוּ מֵאִתּוֺ to him from whom he bought it, Num 5:7; Isa 24:2 כַּאֲשֶׁר נשֶׁא בוֺ like him against whom there is a creditor.

2. instances of אֲשֶׁר followed by a pronominal affix, or by שָׁם, שָֽׁמָּה, מִשָּׁם, are so common that the examples cited above will be sufficient. Very rarely there occurs the anomalous construction עִם אֲשֶׁר Gen 31:32 for אֲשֶׁר עִמּוֺ (see Gen 44:9), בַּאֲשֶׁר Isa 47:12 for אֲשֶׁר בָּהֶם, לַאֲשֶׁר for אֲשֶׁרלָ֗֗֗הֶם Ezek 23:40: Ps 119:49 see under על אשׁר. It is followed by the pronoun in the nominative, in the following cases: —
(a) immediately, mostly before an adjective or participle, Gen 9:3 all moving things אֲשֶׁר הוּאחַֿי which are living, Lev 11:26; Num 9:13; Num 14:8; Num 14:27; Num 35:31; Deut 20:20; 1Sam 10:19 (see Dr) 2Kgs 25:19 (|| Jer 52:25 היה) Jer 27:9; Ezek 43:19; Hag 1:9; Ruth 4:15; Neh 2:18; Eccl 7:26 before a verb 2Kgs 22:13 (omitted 2Chr 34:21).
(b) in a negative sentence, at the end: Gen 7:2; Gen 17:12; Num 17:5; Deut 17:15 אֲשֶׁר לֹא אָחִיךָ הוּא who is not thy brother, Deut 20:15; Judg 19:12; 1Kgs 8:41 || 1Kgs 9:20 ||.

N.B. Ps 16:3 אֲשֶׁר בָּאָרֶץ הֵ֑מָּה is an unparalleled expression for 'who are in the land'; read ׳אֲשֶׁר בָּאָ֑רֶץ הֵמָּה אַדִּירֵי וג 'the saints that are in the land, they (המה) are the nobles, in whom,' etc.

3. sometimes (though rarely) the defining adjunct is a pronoun of 1 or 2 person as well as of 3 person. In such cases it is strictly to be rendered I who . . ., thou who, etc.; Hos 14:4 אֲשֶׁרבְּֿךָ יְרֻחַם יָתוֺם thou by whom the fatherless is compassionated ! Jer 31:32 I, whose covenant they brake, Jer 32:19; Isa 49:23; Job 37:17f. thou whose garments are warm . . ., canst thou ? etc., Ps 71:19; Ps 71:20; Ps 144:12 we whose sons, etc., Ps 139:15 my frame was not hidden from thee, אֲ֯שֶׁרעֻֿשֵּׂיתִי בַסֵּתֶר I who was wrought in secret (= though I was wrought in secret), Exod 14:13 for ye who have seen the Egyptians to-day, — ye shall not see them again for ever! (compare Ps 41:9).

4. the defining pron. adjunct is dispensed with —
a. when אֲשֶׁר represents the simple subject of a sentence, or the direct object of a verb: so constantly, as Gen 2:1 the work אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה which he made, Gen 3:3 the tree אֲשֶׁר בְּתוֺךְ הַגָּן which is in the midst of the garden, etc.
b. after words denoting time, place, or manner, so that אֲשֶׁר then becomes equivalent to when, where, why:
(a) Gen 6:4 אַחֲרֵי כֵן אֲשֶׁר afterwards, when, etc. (compare 2Chr 35:20) Gen 45:6 there are still 5 years אֲשֶׁר אֵין חָרִישׁ when there shall be no plowing, Josh 14:10; 1Kgs 22:25 after יוֺם or הַיּוֺם Deut 4:10; Judg 4:14; 1Sam 24:5 (see Dr) 2Sam 19:25; Jer 20:14 and elsewhere; similarly Gen 40:13. (β) Gen 35:13 בַּמָּקוֺם אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר אִתּוֺ in the place where he spake with him, vGen 35:14; Gen 39:20; Num 13:27; Num 22:26; Deut 1:31 in the desert which thou sawest, where (accents Ke Di), Deut 8:15; 1Kgs 8:9 (unless לוּחוֺת הַבְּרִית has here fallen out: see ᵐ5 & Deut 9:9) Isa 55:11; Isa 64:10; Ps 84:4. So (γ) in אֶל אֲשֶׁר to (the place) which (or whither) Exod 32:34; Ruth 1:16 אֶלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר to every (place) whither Josh 1:16; Prov 17:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר in (the place) where Judg 5:27; Judg 17:8; Judg 17:9; 1Sam 23:13; 2Kgs 8:1; Ruth 1:16; Ruth 1:17; Job 39:30, once only with שָׁם Gen 21:17 בְּכֹל אֲשֶׁר wheresoever Josh 1:7; Josh 1:9; Judg 2:15; 1Sam 14:47; 1Sam 18:5; 2Sam 7:7; 2Kgs 18:7 מֵאֲשֶׁר from (the place) where = whencesoever Exod 5:11; Ruth 2:9 עַלאֲֿשֶׁר to (the place) whither (or which) 2Sam 15:20; 1Kgs 18:12 עַלכָּֿלאֲֿשֶׁר Jer 1:7. (δ) זֶה הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר ֗֗֗ this is the reason that or why . . . Josh 5:4; 1Kgs 11:27.
c. more extreme instances Lev 14:22; Lev 14:30; Lev 14:31; Num 6:21; Deut 7:19 (wherewith), Deut 28:20; 1Sam 2:32 (wherein), 1Kgs 2:26; Judg 8:15 (about whom), Isa 8:12 (where יאמר would be followed normally by לוֺ), Isa 31:6 turn ye to (him as to) whom they have deeply rebelled, Isa 47:15; Zeph 3:11; Eccl 3:9; 1Kgs 14:19 (= how).
d. it is dispensed with only in appearance after ׅ׳אֲשֶׁר אָמַר (אָמַרְתִּי וג followed by the words used, its place being really taken by a pronoun in the speech which follows, as Gen 3:17 the tree as to which I commanded thee saying, Thou shalt not eat from it, Exod 22:8; Deut 28:68; Judg 7:4 (זֶה) Judg 8:15 (where the noun repeated takes the place of the pronoun, compare Deut 9:2) 1Sam 9:17 (זֶה):23 +; compare 2Sam 11:16; 2Kgs 17:12; 2Kgs 21:4.

5. אֲשֶׁר sometimes in poetry = one who, a man who (men who), ὅστις, οἵτινες, Ps 24:4; Ps 55:20; Ps 95:4; Ps 95:5; Job 4:19; Job 5:5; Job 9:5 (Hi) Job 15:17.

6. אֲשֶׁר occasionally receives its closer definition by a substantive following it, in other words, its logical antecedent is inserted in the relative clause:
(a) in the phrase peculiar to Jeremiah, ׳אֶל יר ׳אֲשֶׁר הָיָה דְבַר י that which came (of) the word of ׳י to Jeremiah Jer 14:1; Jer 46:1; Jer 47:1; Jer 49:34 (compare Ew^{§ 334});
(b) Exod 25:9; Num 33:4; 1Sam 25:30; 2Kgs 8:12; 2Kgs 12:6 לְכֹל אֲשֶׁריִֿמָּצֵא שָׁם בָּֽדֶק׃ Ezek 12:25 compare the Ethiopic usage Di^{§ 201};
(c) (antecedant repeated) Gen 49:30 = Gen 50:13, 1Sam 25:30 (׳י repeated), Isa 54:9 (probably) as to which I sware that, etc., Amos 5:1 which I take up over you (as) a dirge.

7. ׳אֲשֶׁר ל that (belongs, belong, belonged) to, is used
a. either alone or preceded by כָּלֿ to express (all) that (belongs) to, as Gen 14:23 מִכָּלאֲֿשֶׁרלְֿךָ of all that is thine, Gen 31:1 מֵאֲשֶׁר לְאָבִינוּ of that which was our father's, Gen 32:24 & sent over אֶתאֲֿשֶׁרלֿוֺ that which he had, + often
b. as a circumlocution of the genitive, as Gen 29:9 עִםהַֿצּאֹן אֲשֶׁר לְאָבִיהָ with the sheep that were her father's, Gen 40:5; Gen 47:4; Lev 9:8; Judg 6:11; 1Sam 25:7 הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁרלְֿךָ, 2Sam 14:31 אֶתהַֿחֶלְקָה אֲשֶׁרלִֿי, 2Sam 23:8; 1Kgs 1:8; 1Kgs 1:33 עַל הַפִּרְדָּה אֲשֶׁרלִֿי upon mine own mule, v1Kgs 1:49; 1Kgs 4:2; 2Kgs 11:10; 2Kgs 16:13; Ruth 2:21 and especially in the case of a compound expression depending on a single genitive, as Gen 23:9; Gen 40:5; Gen 41:43 מִרְכֶּבֶת הַמִּשְׁנֶה אֲשֶׁרלֿוֺ the chariot of the second rank which he had, Exod 38:30; Judg 3:20; Judg 6:25; 1Sam 17:40; 1Sam 21:8 אֲבִיר הָרֹעִים אֲשֶׁר לְשָׁאוּל the mightiest of Saul's herdmen, 1Sam 24:5 אֶתכְּֿנַףהַֿמְּעִיל אֲשֶׁרלְֿשָׁאוּל, 2Sam 2:8 Saul's captain of the host, 1Kgs 10:28; 1Kgs 15:20; 1Kgs 22:31; Jer 52:17; Ruth 4:3.
c. with names of places (especially such as do not readily admit the stative construct) Judg 18:28; Judg 19:14 הַגִּבְעָה אֲשֶׁר לְבִנְיָמִין Gibeah (the hill) of Benjamin, Judg 20:4; 1Sam 17:1; 1Kgs 15:27; 1Kgs 16:15; 1Kgs 17:9; 1Kgs 19:3; 2Kgs 14:11. compare שֶׁל (q. v.) which in Rabb, like the Aramaic -דִּיל, , is in habitual use as a mark of the genitive. — N.B. In Aramaic also דּי, , without ל, expresses the genitive relation, as מִלְּתָא דִימַֿלְכָּא, literally the word, that of the king = the word of the king. The few apparent cases of a similar use of אשׁר are, however, too foreign to the general usage of the language to be regarded otherwise than as due to textual error: 1Sam 13:8 read אֲשֶׁר אָמַר (or שָׂם Exod 19:5) שְׁמוּאֵל (ᵐ5 εἶπε); 1Kgs 11:25 supply עָשָׂה (ᵐ5 ἣν ἐποίησεν); 2Kgs 25:10 supply אֵת with (as || Jer 52:14); 2Chr 34:22 read וַאֲשֶׁר אָמַר הַמֶּלֶךְ (compare ᵐ5) and those whom the king appointed (abbreviated from 2Kgs 22:14); compare Ew^{§ 292 a, b} with note.

8. אֲשֶׁר becomes, like Aramaic דּי, , a conjunction approximating in usage to כִּי: thus
a. = quod, ὅτι, that, subordinating an entire sentence to a verb of knowing, remembering, etc.
(a) with אֵת Deut 9:7 forget not אֵת אֲשֶׁר הִקְצַפְתָּ the fact that (= how) thou provokedst, etc., Deut 29:15; Josh 2:10; 1Sam 24:11; 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 11:20 know ye not אֵת אֲשֶׁריֹֿרוּ how they shoot from off the wall ? 2Kgs 8:12; Isa 38:3 + often As subject (rare) 1Kgs 14:19; 2Kgs 14:15; 2Kgs 20:20. Of time (peculiarly) 2Sam 14:15 עַתָּה אֲשֶׁר now (is it) that . . . Zech 8:20 (probably) yet (shall it be) that . . . vZech 8:23 compare כִּמְעַט שֶׁ Song 3:4. (β) without אֵת (not very common, כִּי being usually employed): after יָדַע Exod 11:7; Ezek 20:26 (very strange in Ezekiel: see Hi) Job 9:5 (Ew De Di) Eccl 8:12, רָאָה Deut 1:31 (RV) 1Sam 18:15, הִתְוַדָּה to confess Lev 5:5; Lev 26:40 b, הִשְׁבִּיעַ 1Kgs 22:16 (caused to swear that . . .); after a noun Isa 38:7 הָאוֺת אֲשֶׁר the sign that . . . (|| 2Kgs 20:9 כִּי): with growing frequency in late Hebrew, 2Chr 2:7, and especially Nehemiah, Esther: Neh 2:5; Neh 2:10; Neh 7:65 (= Ezra 2:63) Neh 8:14; Neh 8:15; Neh 10:31; Neh 13:1; Neh 13:19; Neh 13:22; Neh 2:10; Neh 3:4; Neh 4:11; Neh 6:2; Neh 8:11; (מֵאֲשֶׁר) Eccl 5:4; Eccl 7:18 (with טוֺב: contrast Ruth 2:22) vRuth 2:22 vRuth 2:29; Ruth 8:12; Ruth 8:14; Ruth 9:1; Dan 1:8 (twice in verse). (γ) prefixed to a direct citation, like כִּי q. v. (= ὅτι recitativum) (rare) 1Sam 15:20; 2Sam 1:4; 2Sam 2:4 (see Dr) Ps 10:6 (probably), Neh 4:6.
b. it is resolvable into so that: Gen 11:7 אֲשֶׁר לֹא יִשְׁמְעוּ so that they understand not, etc., Gen 13:16; Gen 22:14 אֲשֶׁר יֵאָמֵר so that it is said, Exod 20:26; Deut 4:10; Deut 4:40 אֲשֶׁר יִיטַב לְךָ Deut 6:3; Deut 28:27; Deut 28:51; 1Kgs 3:12; 1Kgs 3:13; 2Kgs 9:37; Mal 3:19.
c. it has a causal force, forasmuch as, in that, since: Gen 30:18; Gen 31:49 and Mizpah, אֲשֶׁר אָמַר for that he said, Gen 34:13; Gen 34:27; Gen 42:21 we are guilty, אֲשֶׁר רָאִינוּ we who saw (or, in that we saw), Num 20:13 Meribah, because they strove there, Deut 3:24; Josh 4:7; Josh 4:23; Josh 22:31; Judg 9:17; 1Sam 2:23; 1Sam 15:15; 1Sam 20:42 go in peace, אֲשֶׁר נִשְׁבַּעְנוּ forasmuch as we have sworn, 1Sam 25:26 thou whom (= or, seeing that) ׳י hath withholden, 2Sam 2:5 blessed are ye of ׳י, אֲשֶׁר עֲשִׂיתֶם, who (οἵτινες) have done (or in that ye have done), 1Kgs 3:19; 1Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 12:3; 2Kgs 17:4; 2Kgs 23:26; (Hi De Now). Here also belongs its use in אֲשֶׁר לָמָּה since why . . . ? (= lest) Dan 1:10: see below לָמָּה. On אֲשֶׁר עַל כֵּן forasmuch as Job 34:27 see below כִּי עַל כֵּן.
d. it expresses a condition (rare & peculiar): Lev 4:22 אֲשֶׁר נָשִׂיא יֶחֱטָא in (case) that = when (or if) a ruler sinneth (Lev 4:3 vLev 4:13 vLev 4:37 אִם), Num 5:29 (explained differently by Ew^{§ 334 a}), Deut 11:27 and the blessing אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁמְעוּ if ye hearken (Deut 11:28 אִם), Deut 18:22 Ges, Josh 4:21 אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁאָלוּן ֗֗֗ when they ask . . ., then . . . (Josh 4:6 כִּי), Isa 31:4. In 1Kgs 8:33 (|| 2Chr 6:24 כִּי, compare Kings v2Chr 6:35 v2Chr 6:37) אֲשֶׁר may be rendered indifferently because or when. Once, similarly, אֵת אֲשֶׁר 1Kgs 8:31 (|| אִם).
e. perhaps (exceptionally) = כַּאֲשֶׁר, as, Jer 33:22; Isa 54:9 (followed by כֵּן; but כֵּן q. v. sometimes stands without כאשׁר, & אשׁר may in these passages connect with what precedes); according to some also Jer 48:8; Ps 106:34 (in a connection where כַּאֲשֶׁר would be more usual: אֲשֶׁר may however be the object of אָמַר). In 1Sam 16:7 אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶה הָאָדָם read כַּאֲשֶׁר, see Dr. feminine combined with prepositions, אֲשֶׁר converts them into conjunctions: see below, בַּאֲשֶׁר, כַּאֲשֶׁר, מֵאֲשֶׁר. On its use similarly with (אַחֲרֵי) אַחַר, מִבְּלִי, בַּעֲבוּר, עַל דְּבַר, יַעַן, לְמַעַן, כְּפִי, עַד, עַל, עֵקֶב, מִפְּנֵי, תַּחַת, see these words. — הַאֲשֶׁר, with ה interrogative, occurs once, 2Kgs 6:22. In Deut 15:14 also read כַּאֲשֶׁר: note ברכך before.

Note 1. אֲשֶׁר being a connecting link, without any perfectly corresponding equivalent in English, its force is not unfrequently capable of being represented in more than one way. See e.g. 2Sam 2:5 (above 8 c), Isa 28:12 unto whom he said, or for that he said to them.

Note 2. The opinion that אֲשֶׁר has an asseverative force (like כִּי, q. v.), or introduces the apodosis, is not probably, being both alien to its general usage & not required by the passages alleged. Render Isa 8:20 either 'Surely according to this word will those speak who have no dawn,' or '. . . will they speak when (compare above 8 d Deut 11:27; Josh 4:21) they have no dawn.'

BDB845 H834

בַּאֲשֶׁר ₁₉
a. in (that) which . . . Isa 56:4; Isa 65:12; Isa 66:4 (above 1); Eccl 3:9 in (that, in) which (4 c); Isa 47:12 (see 2). b. adverb in (the place) where: above 4 b (γ). c. conjunction in that, inasmuch as, Gen 39:9; Gen 39:23; Eccl 7:2; Eccl 8:4 compare .
d. Jonah 1:8 בַּאֲשֶׁר לְמִי on account of whom ? (בַּאֲשֶׁר לְ on account of, framed on model of Aramaic בְּדִיל: see below שֶׁל).

כַּאֲשֶׁר see below כְּ.

BDB846 H834

מֵאֲשֶׁר₁₇
a. from (or than) that which (him, them, etc., that . . .) Gen 3:11; Exod 29:27 (twice in verse); Num 6:11 (see Lev 4:26; Josh 10:11; Judg 16:30; Isa 47:13 +; than that . . . Eccl 3:22 לְבַד מֵאֲשֶׁר Esth 4:11. b. adverb from (the place) where: above 4 a (β). c. conjunction from (the fact) that . . ., since Isa 43:4.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb^{267. 446} RES³⁶¹ S-C^{Pap. A 2} +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K^{§ 103.}

2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K^{§ 81.}

3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.

4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb²⁹³ SAC^{G1 62, 63} Cooke^{369 b RES:361}; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

which, that, as, whom, who, …

ʾăšer

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

(relative part.)

which, who

that (in obj clause)

בְּ עֵ֣בֶר

בְּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

עֵ֣בֶר

Root word side, beyond, sides, straight, by, …

Dictionary form: עֵבֶר · ay-BER

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: is beyond

on this side ×15 on the other side ×12 beyond ×6 were on the other side ×6 is beyond ×4 side ×4 and on the other side ×3 straight ×3

More options

side — Neutral, general term for a spatial region or bank.

other side — Emphasizes contrast or separation across a boundary.

across — Conveys movement or position beyond a divide.

bank — Preferred when referring to a river's edge or shore.

beyond — Highlights distance past a boundary; use for remote regions.

region — Broader, geographic sense; good for territorial descriptions.

BDB5766 H5676

I. עֵ֫בֶר₉₁ noun masculine^{1Sam 14:40} region across or beyond, side (on formation compare Ba^{NB 144}; compare especially Assyrian êbru, êbirtu, id., êbirtan, adverb beyond); — ׳י absolute 1Sam 14:4 +; construct Josh 24:4 +; suffix עֶבְרוֺ Isa 47:15 plural construct עֶבְרֵי Isa 7:20; Jer 48:28 (si vera lectio, see below); suffix עֲבָרָיו 1Kgs 5:4; Jer 49:32 (read probably עֶבְרֵיהֶם, so Vrss), עֶבְרֵיהֶם Exod 32:15 —

1. region across or beyond anything (usually wady, river, or sea), mostly with preposition:בְּעֵבֶר אַרְנוֺן Num 21:13 (JE) Judg 11:18, compare Jer 25:22 הַיָּם ׳אֶלעֿ Deut 30:13 b, מַעֵבֶר לַיָּם vDeut 30:13 a beyond the sea; לְנַהֲרֵיכֿוּשׁ ׳מֵע Isa 18:1, compare ׳עַדמֵֿע 1Kgs 4:12 (מִן on the side of, on, see מִן 1 c; so usually with ׳ע); but also (rarely) ׳מֵע from the other side of Zeph 3:10; Job 1:19; 2Chr 20:2 absolute ׳הַע 1Sam 26:13 to the other side (that is, of a ravine; after וַיַּעֲבֹר); בְּעֵבֶר הָעֵמֶק 1Sam 31:7, read perhaps ׳בְּעָרֵי הָע, so Klo Bu HPS; בְּעֶבְרֵי פִיפָֿ֑חַת Jer 48:28 beyond the mouth of a chasm is dubious; Gie proposes בְּחֹרֵי כֵפֵי בַתֹּת in the rock-holes of the precipices; especially (chiefly Hexateuch, 37 t.) הַיַּרְדֵּן ׳ע (30 t.), or (less often, Josh 13:32 + 13 t.), לַיַּרְדֵּן, לְיַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֺ (only with ׳מֵע), of either east Jordan (36 t.) or west Jordan land (9 t.) according to standpoint of speaker or writer: A. east Jordan (from standpoint of writer) Gen 50:10; Gen 50:11 (J) Josh 17:5 (JE) Deut 1:1; Deut 1:5; Deut 4:41; Deut 4:46; Deut 4:47; Deut 4:49; Josh 1:14; Josh 12:1; Josh 13:8 (D), Num 22:1; Num 32:19; Num 34:15; Josh 13:27; Josh 13:32; Josh 14:3; Josh 20:8 (P), Judg 7:25; Judg 10:8; 1Sam 31:7; Isa 8:23; 1Chr 6:63; 1Chr 12:37 from standpoint of speaker, Josh 7:7 (JE), Josh 24:8 (E), Josh 1:15; Josh 2:10; Josh 9:10; Josh 18:7; Josh 22:4 (D), Judg 5:17 in Num 35:14 (Moses speaks) it is land opposed to to Can., compare Num 32:32 in Deut 3:8 (Moses speaks) writer (D) ascribes his own standpoint to Moses; (often further topographical note is added, e.g. מִזְרָ֫חָה Deut 4:49 +, מִזְרַח הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Josh 1:15 +, etc.); ׳אֶלעֵֿבֶר בְּנֵי יִשְׂר Josh 22:11 toward the region opposite the sons of Israel apparently also refers to east side (see Steuern on text). B. West Jordan (9 t.), from standpoint of speaker Deut 3:20; Deut 3:25 (Moses), also Deut 11:30 (but here + מְכוֺא הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, and in all following some special designation of West), + יָ֫מָּה Josh 5:1 (D; from standpoint of those just crossed), Josh 12:7 (opposite East vJosh 12:1-6), Josh 22:7 (id.; Kt מעבר, Qr בְּעֵבֶר), compare Josh 9:1 (as Josh 5:1); + וָהָ֑לְאָה Num 32:19 a (opposite East v^b); in 1Chr 26:30 מַעֲרָ֑בָה ׳לַיַּר ׳מֵע ׳ע seems = side (see below). Also הַנָּהָר ׳בְּע beyond the river (Euphrates) Josh 24:2; Josh 24:14; Josh 24:15 (E; Kt Qr ׳מֵע), ׳מֵע 2Sam 10:16 = 1Chr 19:16 beyond, and 1Kgs 14:5 to the other side of (see מִן 1 c); ׳מֵע from beyond the river only Josh 24:3 (E), in all these = beyond the Euphrase eastward, from standpoint of those west of Euphrase; so plural ׳בְּעֶבְרֵי הַנּ Isa 7:20 possibly also ׳ע alone (si vera lectio) in the difficult passage Num 24:24 הַנָּהָר ׳ע = region beyond the river (Euphrase) westward (from standpoint of those in Babylonia or Persia) Neh 2:7; Neh 2:9; Neh 3:7; Ezra 8:36 also 1Kgs 5:4 (twice in verse) (written in Babylonian; compare Biblical Aramaic עֲבַר, and Dr^{Intr (6) 504}).

**Compare late Assyrian ebir nari Schr^{KB iv. 304, l. 7 from below; KAT 3. 188, 437}.

2. (Opposite) side, side: הַלָּז ׳מֵע 1Sam 14:1 on yonder side seems transition to this meaning; מִזֶּה ׳מֵהָע twice, v1Sam 14:4 = on one side, on the other side, so אֶחָד ׳לְע twice v1Sam 14:40 even מִשְּׁנֵי עִבְרֵיהֶם Exod 32:15 (E) on their two sides (i.e. of tablets); הָאֵפוֺד בָּ֑יְתָה ׳אֶלעֿ Exod 28:26 (P) toward the inner side of theephod; in 1Kgs 7:20; 1Kgs 7:30 ׳ע apparently = at the side of or opposite, but the architectural details are obscure; מִכָּלעֲֿבָרָיו מִסָּבִיב 1Kgs 5:4 on all sides of him, round about, מִכָּלעֲֿבָרָיו Jer 49:32 (read עֶבְרֵיהֶם Vrss Gie) from all sides of them (all directions, = מִכָּלסְֿבִיבָ֑יִךְ vJer 49:5); אֶלעֵֿבֶר פָּנָיו יֵלֵ֑כוּ to the side of their faces (i.e. in front, straight forward) they (always) went Ezek 1:9; Ezek 1:12; Ezek 10:22, compare פָּנֶיהָ ׳עַלעֿ Exod 25:37 to give light upon the space in front of it; אִישׁ לְעֶבְרוֺ תָּעוּ Isa 47:15 they wander away each in his own direction (regardless of thee). — On 1Chr 26:30 see above

BDB9750 H5675 H5676

עֲבַר noun masculine region across, beyond (see Biblical Hebrew I. עֵ֫בֶר √עָבַר); — construct in phrase עֲבַר(ֿ)נַהֲרָה, i.e. Syria (Scheft⁸⁷): Ezra 4:10; Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:20; Ezra 5:3; Ezra 5:6 (twice in verse); Ezra 6:6 (twice in verse); Ezra 6:8; Ezra 6:13; Ezra 7:21; Ezra 7:25, נהרא ׳ע Ezra 4:16. compare in Cilician Aramaic, Cooke³⁴⁶.

עַד see עדה. below

side, beyond, sides, straight, by, …

ʿēber

properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the Jordan; ususally meaning the east)

region beyond or across, side

region across or beyond

הַ יַּרְדֵּ֑ן

הַ

Prefix — article the

יַּרְדֵּ֑ן

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Jordan")

Dictionary form: יַרְדֵּן · yahr-DANE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: jordan

jordan ×122 of jordan ×35 to jordan ×4 and jordan ×3 at jordan ×3 in jordan ×3 of jordan the ×2 also and jordan ×1

More options

Jordan — Standard proper noun; use in nearly all contexts.

Jordan River — Add 'River' for clarity when body of water is emphasized.

the Jordan — With definite article; natural in narrative prose.

the Jordan River — Full form; best for introductory or geographic passages.

BDB3720 H3383

יַרְדֵּן₁₈₂ proper name, of a river Jordan (according to Rel Ol^{§ 215 c}, from ירד with ןֵ֯ for original ןַ֯, compare ᵐ5 ὁ Ιορδανης; = river as flowing downward, descending, then of particular stream as river Κατ’ ἐξοχήν. See also Sta^{§ 294 e} (ןֵ֯ for ןֶ֯, but name according to Sta non-Hebrew)) — absolute always ׳הַיַּר in prose Gen 13:10 + 162 t.; with ה locative הַיַּרְדֵּ֫נָה Judg 8:4 + 3 t.; יַרְדֵּן only Ps 42:7; Job 40:23 construct יַרְדֵּן Num 26:3 + 11 t. Numbers Josh + 1Chr 6:63 — the river of Palestine: in all periods, chiefly Hexateuch (122 t.: Gen 5 t. J; Num 20 t. P, 1 t. J E; Deut 26 t.; Josh 34 t. J E, 20 t. D, 16 t. P), Judges (12 t.), and Samuel (18 t.); in Kings 13 t.; Chronicles 7 t.; elsewhere 10 t.; — הַיַּרְדֵּן הַזֶּה Gen 32:11 (J), Deut 3:27; Deut 31:2; Josh 1:2; Josh 1:11; Josh 4:22 (all D); בְּעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן Gen 50:10; Gen 50:11 (J), Josh 7:7; Josh 24:8 (both J E), + 20 t. D + Judg 5:17; Judg 10:8; 1Sam 31:7 P has also מֵעֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן Num 32:19, and לַיַּרְדֵּן ׳מֵע vNum 32:19 vNum 32:32; Num 35:14; Josh 14:3, also Josh 17:5 (JE), Josh 18:7 (D), Judg 7:25; 1Chr 12:37; 1Chr 26:30 in P peculiarly יַרְדֵּן יְרֵחוֺ the Jordan of (at) Jericho, with עַל Num 26:3; Num 26:63; Num 31:12; Num 33:48; Num 33:50; Num 35:1; Num 36:13, with מֵעֵבֶר לְ Num 22:1; Num 34:15; Josh 13:32; Josh 20:8 (= 1Chr 6:63), with מִן Josh 16:1 (E?); עֵבֶר הַיַּרְדֵּן Isa 8:23; Deut 4:49; Josh 13:27 (P); see below עבר; מֵי הַיַּרְדֵּן Josh 3:13 (twice in verse); Josh 4:18; Josh 4:23 (all J E), Josh 3:8; Josh 5:1 (both D); מֵימֵי הַיַּרְדֵּן Josh 4:7 (JE); ׳גְּאוֺן הַיַּר Jer 12:5; Jer 49:19; Jer 50:44; Zech 11:3 (see גאון a, above); שְׂפַת ׳הַיּר 2Kgs 2:13 יוֺשֵׁב עַלהַֿיָּם וְעַל יַד הַיַּרְדֵּן Num 13:29 (J E; elsewhere in Numbers, P); כִּכַּר הַיַּרְדֵּן the circle of Jordan, i.e. the plain about Jericho Gen 13:10; Gen 13:11 (J), 1Kgs 7:46; 2Chr 4:17 ׳מַעְבְּרוֺת הַיַּר Judg 3:28; Judg 12:5; Judg 12:6 fords of the Jordan; אֶלגְּֿגְּלִילוֺת הַיַּרְדֵּן אֶלעֵֿבֶר בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Josh 22:11, compare vJosh 22:10 (both P; see גלילות above); אֶרֶץ יַרְדֵּן Ps 42:7 (without article only here and in following); יָגִּיחַיַרְדֵּן אֶלפִּֿיהוּ Job 40:23 a Jordan bursteth forth into his mouth.

jordan

yardēn

descender

Jarden, the principal river of Palestine

the river of Palestine running from the roots of Anti-Lebanon to the Dead Sea a distance of approximately 200 miles (320 km)

הָ הָ֥ר

הָ

Prefix — article the

הָ֥ר

Root word mount, mountains, mountain, hill, hills, …

Dictionary form: הַר · hahr

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: mountain

the mountains ×63 mount ×45 mountain ×38 in mount ×37 of the mountains ×27 the mount ×26 in the mount ×18 the mountain ×15

More options

mountain — Most common, neutral rendering for a single peak.

mountains — Use for plural or collective/range references.

hill country — Fits lower, inhabited highlands; regional sense.

highlands — Broader geographical region; good for narrative context.

hill — When the peak is modest or context implies smaller elevation.

range — When referring to an extended chain of peaks.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

יהוה_{c. 6823} i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺה^C518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה₃₀₅ (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philo^{de Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529}), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö^{§ 88}). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see Lag^{Sym i.14} Baud^{Studien i.179 ff.}; Dr^{Stud.Bib.i.1 ff.} For Jeve see Sta^{ZAW 1881, 346} De^{ib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.}

2. on literature of interpretations see Nes^Eg.67 Dr^{l.c. — Many recent scholars explain} יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, Nes^Eg.88 (but Nes^{Eg.91 inclines to Qal as} RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev} see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RS^{OTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245}, compare We^{Skizzen iii.175}; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, Sta^G.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876}, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ew^infr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Dr^l.c.17)).

**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by Bau^{Rel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230)}; Dl^{Pa 162 ff.} claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kue^{national Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.)} Jastr^{JBL xiil {1894}, 103 f.} compare Hpt^{BAS i. 170 N}; Dl^{Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f.} makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially Hirsch^{ZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff.} Zim^{KATS. 465 ff.}; Spiegelb^{ZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff.} proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in Kö^{EB NAMES, § 112 and n.3}. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to Schw^{ThLZ, 1905, col. 612}.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare Ew^{BTh ii. 337, 338} RS^{l.c., Proph. 385 ff.} Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc Lag^{Psalt.Hieron.156}); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich We^JD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI¹⁸. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b Dl^{Pa 158 ff.} Dr^{Stud. Bib. i. 7 ff}.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D²); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D² 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D² 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by R^P as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.

2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.

3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — Bonk^{ZAW 1891, 126 ff.} seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2139 H2022

[הוֺר], assumed by Thes and others as ancient form for הַר mountain, to explain הוֺרַי Gen 49:26, read הוֺרֵיעָֿד; but better הַרֲרֵיעַֿד everlasting mountains, see הַר below הרר.

BDB2240 H2022 H2042

הַר₅₅₈ noun masculine^{Gen 7:19} mountain, hill, hill-country (Late Hebrew id., plural הָרִים, הֲרָרִים; Phoenician הר CIS^{i. 3, 17}; Sabean suffix הרתהמו DHM^{ZMG 1876, 673}); — ׳ה absolute Josh 17:18 +; with article הָהָר Exod 3:12 +; with ָ ה locative הֶ֫רָה Gen 14:10, הָהָ֫רָה Gen 12:8 + 12 t.; construct הַר Gen 10:30 +; suffix הַרֲרִי Ps 30:8, הֲרָרִי Jer 17:3 הַרְכֶם Ps 11:1 הַרֲרָם Gen 14:6 plural הָרִים Deut 11:11 +; with article הֶהָרִים Gen 7:19 +; construct הָרֵי Gen 8:4 + 27 t.; הַרֲרֵי Deut 33:15 + 8 t. (all poetry); suffix הָרַי Isa 14:25; Isa 49:11; Zech 14:5 + Ezek 38:21 (B Co חרדה), הָרָ֑י Isa 65:9 הָרָיו Ezek 35:8; Mal 1:3 הֲרָרֶיהָ Deut 8:9 —

1. mountain, hill (these often not sharply distinguished, but):
a. specifically mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature; — e. g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) Exod 19:11; Exod 19:18; Exod 19:20; Exod 19:23; Exod 24:16; Exod 31:18; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:4; Exod 34:29; Exod 34:32; Lev 7:38; Lev 25:1; Lev 26:46; Lev 27:34; Num 3:1; Num 28:6; Neh 9:13 (see סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., Exod 19:2 + 10 t. Exod 19 (Exod 19:18 read הָעָם, so Manuscripts ᵐ5 Di) Exod 20:18; Exod 24:4 + 6 t. Exod 24; Exod 25:40; Exod 26:30; Exod 27:8; Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15; Exod 32:19; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:3 (twice in verse); Exod 34:29 = הֵר חוֺרֵב Exod 33:6 (see חֹרֵב), also אֶלהַֿר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה Exod 3:1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1Kgs 19:8 further הָהָר = id., Deut 4:11 (twice in verse); Deut 5:4; Deut 5:5; Deut 5:19; Deut 5:20; Deut 9:9 + 10 t. Deut 9. 10, 1Kgs 19:11 = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13 (all J E) = הַר יחוה Num 10:33 (compare Di); see further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) Num 20:22 + 10 t. Numbers; Deut 32:50 = חָחָר Num 20:28 (twice in verse); הַר נְבוֺ Deut 32:49; Deut 34:1 = הָהָר Deut 32:50 = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה Num 27:12; Deut 32:49, compare (לִפְנֵי נְבוֺ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים Num 33:47; Num 33:48 הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim Deut 11:29; Deut 27:12; Josh 8:33 ראֹשׁ הַרגְּֿרִזִּים Judg 9:7 הַר עֵֹיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal Deut 11:29; Deut 27:4; Deut 24:13; Josh 8:30; Josh 8:33 also הַר חֶרְמוֺן Mt. Hermon Deut 3:8; Josh 11:17; Josh 12:1; Josh 12:5; Josh 13:5; Josh 13:11; 1Chr 5:23 compare Deut 4:48 הַר שִׂיאֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֺן (see חֶרְמוֺן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֺן (see id., & בעל חרמון below בעל); הַר חַלְּבָנוֺן Mt. Lebanon Judg 3:3, compare מְרוֺם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֺן 2Kgs 19:23 = Isa 37:24 (see לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1Kgs 18:19; 1Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 2:25; 2Kgs 4:25 (see כרמל); הָהָר = id., 2Kgs 4:27, apparently also 2Kgs 1:9 הַר תָּבוֺר Mt. Tabor, Judg 4:6; Judg 4:12; Judg 4:14, compare Jer 46:18 תָּבוֺר בֶּהָרִים (opposed to כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1Sam 31:1; 1Sam 31:8; 2Sam 1:6, also (poetry) ׳הָרֵי בַּגּ v2Sam 1:21 (compare Dr); הַרחֶֿרֶס Judg 1:35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) compare חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zech 14:4 (twice in verse) Mount of Olives, (opposed to גֵּיא) compare הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ezek 11:23 also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַלפְּֿנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1Kgs 11:7 (place of Solomon's idolatry) = הַרהַֿמַּשְׁחִית 2Kgs 23:13 mountain of the destroyer (same combination in another, figurative sense Jer 51:25), others derive ׳הַמ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talmud, Shabb. 56 b), compare Hoffm^{ZAW 1882, 175}; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah Gen 22:2 mountains about Jerusalem in general, יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ Ps 125:2 compare also Ps 121:1 (|| יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerusalem Isa 22:5 of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mic 3:12 = Jer 26:18 ׳הַר בֵּיתיֿ Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1; 2Chr 33:15 also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Jer 17:3 further הַר צִיּוֺן Mt. Zion Isa 4:5; Isa 8:18; Isa 10:12; Isa 18:7; Isa 24:23; Isa 29:8; Isa 31:4; Isa 37:32; Mic 4:7; Lam 5:18; Obad 1:17. Joel 3:5; Ps 48:3; Ps 48:12; Ps 74:2; Ps 78:68; Ps 125:1 (see also צִיּוֺן); compare הַר בַּ֯יתצִֿיּוֺן Isa 10:32, ׳הַר בַּת צ Isa 16:1 ׳הַריֿ Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2; Isa 30:29; Ps 24:3 (id. of Horeb Num 10:33 J E); צְבָאוֺת ׳הַריֿ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zech 8:3, הַרקָֿדְשִׁי Zeph 3:11; Obad 1:16; Ezek 20:40; Isa 11:9 = Isa 65:25, compare Isa 56:7; Isa 57:13; Isa 65:11; Joel 2:1 (|| צִיּוֺן) Joel 4:17 (|| id.) Ps 2:6 (|| id.) Ps 3:5; Ps 15:1; Ps 43:3; Ps 48:2 see further הַרקָֿדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Isa 66:20 compare Dan 9:16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Isa 27:13 also הַר צְבִיקֹֿדֶשׁ Dan 11:45 הַרהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ Jer 31:23 even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dan 9:20 other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳א Ps 68:17, & הַר מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 17:23; Ezek 20:40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ezek 28:14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים vEzek 28:16 (הַראֱֿלֹהִים Ps 68:16 is general, a God's mountain, i.e. a majestic mountain, likewise in simile כְּהַרֲרֵיאֵֿל מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Ps 36:7); — הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13; 1Kgs 19:8 (see above). Note particular הַרמֿוֺעֵד Isa 14:13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, see especially Che De Di, Dl^{Pa 117 ff.} COT^{on the passage} Jr^{57 ff.} Jen^{Kosmologie 23.} Upon the mountain is עָלהָֿהָר compare וַתֵּבְךְּ עַלבְּֿתוּלָיהָ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Judg 11:38, & the peculiar phrase וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַלֿ הֶהָרִים vJudg 11:37 go up upon עָלָה אָלֿ Exod 19:23; Exod 24:13; Exod 34:4 (all J E); compare accusative in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר Num 20:25 speak with one upon is דבר בהר Exod 31:18; Exod 34:32; Num 3:1 (all P), Lev 25:1 (H), compare command, give commands, law, etc., בהר Lev 7:38; Lev 26:46; Lev 27:34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (literally in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mountains) Exod 34:3 בְּכָל (JE) Exod 25:40; Exod 26:30; Exod 27:8; Num 28:6 (all P), Isa 13:4 but בְּחֹרֵב Ps 106:19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר Num 33:37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mountain is יָרַד מִןהָֿהָר Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15 (both J E) Exod 34:29 (twice in verse) (both P), compare Judg 9:36 etc.
b. mountain-range הַרבָּֿשָׁן Ps 68:16 (twice in verse) = הַראֱֿלֹהִים vPs 68:16 = הַרגַּֿבְנֻנִּים vPs 68:16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים vPs 68:17 (of the Jebel Hauran: see בשׁן).
c. mountain, indefinite, Job 14:18 (|| צוּר); usually plural mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poetry & the higher style; often figurative; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood Gen 7:20 compare vGen 7:19; Gen 8:5 covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) Ps 104:6 a chief work of God (in creation) Amos 4:13; Ps 65:7; Ps 90:2; Prov 8:25 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); weighed by God Isa 40:12 removed and overturned in anger of God Job 9:5 compare Ps 46:3; Ps 46:4 devastated by God Isa 42:15 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 9:9 smoking at God's touch Ps 104:32; Ps 144:5 melting at presence of ׳י Judg 5:5; Mic 1:4; Ps 97:5; Isa 63:19; Isa 64:2 trembling Isa 5:25 compare Jer 4:24 (|| גְּבָעוֺת), Nah 1:5 (|| id.), Hab 3:10 called to witness Yahweh's dealings with his people Mic 6:2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) compare vMic 6:1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת), entreated to cover the guilty Hos 10:8 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); addressed by ׳י also Ezek 6:3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת, opposed to אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֺת); specifically, mountains of Israel summoned to hear ׳י and addressed by him Ezek 36:1 (twice in verse); Ezek 36:4; Ezek 36:8; Ezek 37:22; Ezek 38:8; Ezek 39:2; Ezek 39:4 summoned to praise ׳י Ps 148:9 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Isa 44:23; Isa 49:13; Isa 55:12 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); leaping in praise of ׳י Ps 114:4; Ps 114:6 (both || גְּבָעוֺת); הַרֲרֵיקֶֿדֶם Deut 33:15 (|| גִּבְעוֺת עוֺלָם); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד Hab 3:6 (|| id.); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד also Ps 76:5 (according to ᵐ5 Bi Che; ᵑ0 has טֶרֶף for עַד), and probably Gen 49:26 for ᵑ0 הוֺרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֺלָם) compare Di.
d. high mountain הַר גָּבֹהַּ Isa 30:25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) compare Isa 40:9; Isa 52:7 הַר גָּכֹהַּ מְאֹד Ezek 40:2 הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ezek 17:22 plural הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים Gen 7:19; Ps 104:18 (|| סְלָעִים), הָרָמִים ׳הֶה Isa 2:14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת הַנִּשָּׂאוֺת), compare הֶהָרִים Ezek 38:20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֺת, חוֺמָה).
e. opposite valley or plain Josh 12:8 (D; opposed to מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֺת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), compare Deut 1:7, also Jer 17:26 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה); Gen 19:17 (J; opposed to כִּכָּר); often opposed to גַּיְא 2Kgs 2:16; Ezek 31:12 (figurative) Ezek 32:5 (id.) Ezek 35:8 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezek 36:4 (|| id.), Isa 40:4 (|| id.), opposed to בִּקְעָה Deut 8:7; Deut 11:11; Ps 104:8 opposed to מִדְבָּר Lam 4:19 (compare Josh 12:8 above); בֵּין הָרִים Ps 104:10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים; see also וְלֹאאֱֿלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים ׳אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י 1Kgs 20:28, compare v1Kgs 20:23 (opposed to מִישׁוֺר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Josh 13:19 (P), & גֵּיאהָֿרַי, גֵּיהָֿרִים Zech 14:5 (twice in verse); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים Ps 75:7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most modern (Baer מִדְבָּר but compare De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה Gen 14:10. feminine mountains as hiding-places: — הַמִּנְהָרוֺת אֲוֶר בֶּהָרִים Judg 6:2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mountains; compare Ps 11:1; Jer 16:16 (|| גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Job 28:9 (of mining), see also Deut 8:9.
g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1Chr 12:8 of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Song 4:8 hunting-ground for partridges 1Sam 26:20 עוֺף הָרִים Ps 50:11 compare Ps 11:1 (figurative); wandering-place of lost sheep (figurative) Nah 3:18; 1Kgs 22:17; Jer 50:6 compare vJer 50:6 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezek 34:6 (|| כָּלגִּֿבְעָה רָמָה) 2Chr 18:16.
h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֺת בְּהַרֲרֵיאָֿ֑לֶףPs 50:10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), compare יְתוּר הָרִים Job 39:8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera lectio) בּוּל הָרִים Job 40:20, i.e. mountains as furnishing food for hippopotamus; see further Song 4:6; Song 8:14; Prov 27:25.
i. as place of field and vineyards 2Chr 26:10 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֺר) Isa 7:25 see also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר Ps 147:8 compare Hag 1:11 figurative Ps 72:3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֺת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב Joel 4:18 compare Amos 9:13
j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Ps 83:15.
k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Isa 34:3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1Sam 17:3 (twice in verse).

1. as places of illicit worship Isa 65:7 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 3:6 & apparently vJer 3:25 (|| id.) so הַרגָּֿבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Isa 57:7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים Deut 12:2 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); but Ezek 18:6; Ezek 18:15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים compare RS^{K 310} & Ezek 33:25. masculine in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1Sam 23:26 (twice in verse); 2Sam 13:34 side of the mountain, צֵלַע הָהָר 2Sam 16:13 id.; מֹץ הָרִים Isa 17:13 chaff of mountains; זֶרֶם הָרִים Job 24:8 mountain-shower; צֵל הֶהָרִים Judg 9:36 shadow of the mountains; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zech 6:1 top of mountain usually ראֹשׁ הָהָר Num 14:40; Num 14:44; 1Sam 26:13; 2Kgs 1:9 as place for beacon Isa 30:17 (|| גִּבְעָה), (compare הַרנִֿשְׁפֶּה Isa 13:2 & נְשׂאֹנֵֿס הָרִים Isa 18:3), ראֹשׁ הֶהָרִים Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1, ראֹשׁ הָרִים Isa 42:11 (|| סֶלַע as dwelling-place) see also Ps 72:16 רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים Gen 8:5 as lurking-places for ambuscade Judg 9:25; Judg 9:36, placesfor altars Ezek 6:13 (|| גִּבְעָה רָמָה), for sacrifice Hos 4:13 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); ראֹשׁ הָהָר Josh 15:8 = mountain-ridge, compare vJosh 15:9; Judg 16:3 תּוֺעֲפוֺת הָרִים Ps 95:4 foundations of mountains מוֺסְדֵי הָרִים Deut 32:22; Ps 18:8 (|| מוֺסְדוֺת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2Sam 22:8); compare לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jonah 2:7. noun in figure uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֺת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Isa 41:15 figurative of Israel's overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַלהָֿרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Jer 13:16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Isa 54:10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh's kindness (|| גְּבָעוֺת); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Jer 51:25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה vJer 51:25 figurative of Babylon.

2. hill-country, mountain-region,
a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר Num 13:17; Num 13:29 (of promised land; opposed to אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַדהַֿיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֺף הַיָּם Deut 1:7 בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנְַּרוֺת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֺת דּוֺר מִיָּם Josh 11:2 בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֺת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב Josh 12:8 compare Josh 9:1; Josh 10:40; Judg 1:9 הָהָר indefinite (the hill-country, the mountains, in general) 2Chr 2:1 (place for hewing wood) so v.2Chr 2:17; Neh 8:15 (place for cutting boughs), etc.
b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי Deut 1:7 (compare vDeut 1:7) vDeut 1:19 (compare vDeut 1:24), also Josh 10:6 of Amalekites Judg 12:15 of Ephraim Josh 17:15; Josh 19:50; Josh 20:7; Josh 21:21; Josh 24:30; Josh 24:33; Judg 3:27; Judg 4:5; Judg 7:24; Judg 9:48; Judg 17:1 + 6 t. Judg 17; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:4; 1Sam 14:22; 2Sam 20:21; 1Kgs 4:8; 1Kgs 12:25; 2Kgs 5:22; 1Chr 6:52; 2Chr 13:4; 2Chr 15:8; 2Chr 19:4; Jer 4:15; Jer 31:6 Ephraim and Gilead Jer 50:19 (compare also (ה)הר Josh 17:16; Josh 17:18; Judg 3:27); of Israel Josh 11:16; Josh 11:21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 6:2; Ezek 19:9; Ezek 33:28; Ezek 34:13; Ezek 35:12 הָרֵי מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 17:23; Ezek 20:40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי) Ezek 34:14 עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country Deut 2:37 (of Ammonites), Jer 32:44; Jer 33:13 hill-country of Judah Josh 11:21; Josh 15:48; Josh 18:12; Josh 20:7; Josh 21:11; 2Chr 21:11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 2Chr 27:4 abode of Jebusites Josh 11:3.

הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרִי, הַרֲרָם, הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרֶיהָ see הר.

mount, mountains, mountain, hill, hills, …

har

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

hill, mountain, hill country, mount

הַ טּ֛וֹב

הַ

Prefix — article the

טּ֛וֹב

Root word good, better, well, goodness, goodly, …

Dictionary form: טוֹב · tobe

Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: goodly

good ×127 the good ×26 better ×25 is good ×22 is better ×21 a good ×13 well ×12 for good ×11

More options

good — Default all-purpose rendering; works in most contexts.

fine — Lighter register; suits quality, appearance, or craftsmanship.

pleasant — Emphasises enjoyment or sensory appeal.

beautiful — Prefer when describing physical attractiveness or appearance.

prosperous — Use when tob refers to welfare, wealth, or flourishing.

favorable — Suits attitudes, conditions, or outcomes seen as advantageous.

BDB3305 H2896

II. טוֺב adjective pleasant, agreeable, good (see Lag^{BN 26}; Aramaic טַב, Palmyrene טב Vog^{No. 81}, טבא Vog^{No. 75}) — masculine ׳ט Gen 2:12 + 22 t., טוֺבָם Mic 7:4 feminine טוֺבָה Esth 8:5 + 50 t., טֹבָה Deut 6:18 + 2 t.; construct טוֺבַת Gen 26:7 + 6 t., טֹבַת Gen 24:16 plural טוֺבִים Jer 44:17 + 28 t.; טֹבִים Gen 27:9 + 4 t.; construct טוֺבֵי Dan 1:4 + 2 t.; plural טוֺבוֺת Esth 2:2, טֹבוֺת Jer 24:2 + 6 t., טֹבֹת Gen 6:2 + 4 t.; —

1. pleasant, agreeable to the senses:
a. to the sight, fair, of daughters of men Gen 6:2 (J); of a son Exod 2:2 (E), 1Sam 9:2; 1Kgs 20:3, young men (but read herds ᵐ5 Th We Klo Dr Bu) 1Sam 8:16 מראיהם their appearance Dan 1:15, טֹבַת מראה Gen 24:16; Gen 26:7 (both J), 2Sam 11:2; Esth 1:11; Esth 2:3; Esth 2:7 טוב ראי 1Sam 16:12 טוב תאר 1Kgs 1:6 טובַת חן Nah 3:4 טוֺבוֺת מראה Esth 2:2 טוֺבֵי מראה Dan 1:4 טוב לעינים Eccl 11:7 טובה בעיניו fair in his eyes Esth 8:5 of mantle Josh 7:21 (J); goodly houses Isa 5:9; Deut 8:12 cities Deut 6:10 situation of city 2Kgs 2:19.
b. to the taste, good, sweet, agreeable for eating למאכל Gen 2:9; Gen 3:6 (both J); ears of grain Gen 41:5; Gen 41:22; Gen 41:24; Gen 41:26 (E); figs Jer 24:2; Jer 24:3 (twice in verse); Jer 24:5 honey Prov 24:13 כְּיֵין הטוב Song 7:10 as wine of the best sort (Hi reads כַּיַּיִן); תְּנוּבָתִי הַטּוֺבָּה Judg 9:11 my sweet fruit (|| מָתְקִי).
c. to the smell, sweet-scented, of ointment Song 1:3 קנה הטוב Jer 6:20 the fragrant cane.
d. of pleasant shadow of tree Hos 4:13.

2. pleasant to the higher nature, giving pleasure, happiness, prosperity, and so agreeable, pleasing, well:
a. of time: יום טוב good day, festal day 1Sam 25:8; Esth 8:17; Esth 9:19; Esth 9:22 of feasts Zech 8:19 prosperous years Gen 41:35 (E).
b. of place, טוב בית הנשׁים Esth 2:9 the best part of the women's house; לוֺ ׳בַּטּ Deut 23:17, בְּעֵינֵי ׳בַּטּ Gen 20:15 (see c f below)
c. of persons, (אתה) טוב בעיני pleasing in the eyes of 1Sam 29:6 (twice in verse); 1Sam 29:9 ׳טוב בעיני י Mal 2:17 (compare verb 4, and f below); later לִפְנֵי Eccl 2:26 (twice in verse); Eccl 7:26 inserted in 1Sam 29:10 ᵐ5 We Dr; compare עם ׳ט 1Sam 2:26.
d. of word or message, בְּשׂוֺרָה טוֺבָה 2Sam 18:27 good tidings; ׳שְׁמוּעָה ט good report 1Sam 2:24; Prov 15:30; Prov 25:25 דבר בעתו Prov 15:23 a word in its season; דבר טוב Prov 12:25 an agreeable word (maketh the heart glad); דבר טוב Ps 45:2 a good theme.
e. of other things, דֶּרֶךְ טובה 1Sam 24:20 a pleasant, prosperous journey; מנחה כי טוב Gen 49:15 (poem); of unity of brethren מה טוב ומה נעים Ps 133:1 how good and how pleasant it is! טוב לְ (יהיה) it shall be well for Eccl 2:3; Eccl 6:12; Eccl 8:12; Eccl 8:13 (compare verb 3); הֲטוֺב כִּי Job 13:9 will it be advantageous that (see 5). feminine עשׂה הטוב בעיני do what is pleasing in the eyes of Gen 16:5 (J), Judg 19:24; 1Sam 1:23; 1Sam 3:18; 1Sam 14:40 2 Sam 10:12> = 1Chr 19:13; 2Sam 19:19; 2Sam 19:28; 2Sam 19:39; 2Kgs 10:5; 2Kgs 20:3 = Isa 38:3; 1Chr 21:23 = 2Sam 24:22 where object of העלה; ׳עשׂה (כ) (כל) (ה)טוב בע Gen 19:8 (J), Judg 10:15; 1Sam 11:10; 1Sam 14:36; Esth 3:11 (כ)הטוב עשׂה ׳ו(כ)הישׁר בע) Deut 12:28; Josh 9:25 (D), 2Chr 14:1; Jer 26:14, compare Esth 8:8 nouns reversed Deut 6:18 עשׂה הטוֺב והישׁר לפני 2Chr 31:20 ׳טוב בע in other combinations Num 36:6 (P), Jer 40:4 ראה הטוב והישׁר 2Kgs 10:3 ׳דבּר ט 1Kgs 22:13 = 2Chr 18:12; Num 10:29 (J), 1Sam 19:4; Esth 7:9 דבּר מטוב עדרֿע speak either good or bad Gen 31:24; Gen 31:29 (E); למרע ועד טוב 2Sam 13:22 רע או טוב Gen 24:50 (J); ׳התנבא ט 1Kgs 22:8; 1Kgs 22:18 = 2Chr 18:17 compare 1Kgs 22:13 = 2Chr 18:12.

3. good, excellent of its kind:
a. of the several creations, וירא אלהים כי טוֺב and God saw that it was good, excellent Gen 1:4; Gen 1:10; Gen 1:12; Gen 1:18; Gen 1:21; Gen 1:25 (P); טוֺב מאר כל אשׁר עשׂה והנּה Gen 1:31 (P) God saw all that he had made, and behold it was very excellent. So
b. of land, soil, fruitful, fertile: ארץ Exod 3:8; Num 13:19 (both J), Num 14:7 (P), Deut 1:25; Deut 1:35; Deut 3:25; Deut 4:21; Deut 4:22; Deut 6:18; Deut 8:7; Deut 8:10; Deut 9:6; Deut 11:17; Josh 23:16 (D), Judg 18:9; 1Chr 28:8 אדמה 1Kgs 14:15; Josh 23:13; Josh 23:15 (D); הר Deut 3:25 חלקה 2Kgs 3:19; 2Kgs 3:25 שׂדה Ezek 17:8 נָוֶה Ezek 34:14 מרעה 1Chr 4:40; Ezek 34:14; Ezek 34:18.
c. of vegetation, choice, fruitful זֵיתִים 1Sam 8:14 עץ 2Kgs 3:19; 2Kgs 3:25; Ezek 31:16 שׁמן טוב 2Kgs 20:13 precious oil = Isa 39:2; Ps 133:2; Eccl 7:1 of seed, אם שׁניהם טובים Eccl 11:6 whether both of them will be fruitful.
d. of animals, fat בקר Gen 18:7 (J); עזים Gen 27:9 (J); פרות Gen 41:26 (E); יָרֵךְ Ezek 24:4.
e. of minerals, fine, pure זהב Gen 2:12 (J), 2Chr 3:5; 2Chr 3:8 כֶּתֶם Lam 4:1 brass Ezra 8:27, soldering Isa 41:7.

4. good, rich, valuable in estimation:
a. in quantity, שׂיבה טובה good old age Gen 15:15 (R), Gen 25:8 (P), Judg 8:32; 1Chr 29:28 dowry Gen 30:20 (E; many sons); treasury Deut 28:12 (from which ׳י sends blessings).
b. in price, goodly, valuable: of the estimation put upon house, beast, and tithe Lev 27:10 (twice in verse); Lev 27:12; Lev 27:14; Lev 27:33 (H); profit Prov 31:18 hire Eccl 4:9 מחמדי הטבים Joel 4:5 my goodly precious things.

5. good, appropriate, becoming, טוב אשׁר Eccl 7:18 (compare Eccl 5:4 below); טובה חכמה עם נחלה Eccl 7:11 wisdom is good with an inheritance (other transitive see in VB); || יָפֶה Eccl 5:17 with עֵצָה 2Sam 17:7; 2Sam 17:14 good advice; טוב פתר Gen 40:16 (E) that he interpreted well; טוב הדבר (לא) Exod 18:17 (E) the thing is (not) good, wise, so Deut 1:14; 1Sam 26:16 טוב (ה)דבר the word is good, is well said 1Sam 9:10; 1Kgs 2:38; 1Kgs 2:42; 1Kgs 18:24; 2Kgs 20:19 = Isa 39:8, for which abbreviated טוב well! good! exclamation Ruth 3:13; 1Sam 20:7; 2Sam 3:13; 1Kgs 2:18 followed by כּי it is good that 2Sam 18:3; Ruth 2:22; Lam 3:27; Job 10:3 (compare Job 13:9 2 e); with infinitive Gen 2:18 (J), Ps 73:28; Ps 92:2; Ps 147:1; Prov 25:27 (compare below 10); with וְ (strangely) ׳טוֺב וְיָחִיל וגו Lam 3:26 it is good that one wait (see דּוּמָם, יָחִיל); בלא דעת נֶפֶשׁ לא טוב Prov 19:2 that a soul be without knowledge is not good.

6. with מִן comparative = better, followed by infinitive Gen 29:19 (E), Exod 14:12 (J), Ps 118:8; Ps 118:9; Prov 16:19; Prov 25:7; Eccl 6:9; Eccl 7:2 infinitive omitted Prov 21:9; Prov 21:19; Prov 25:24 מן omitted Num 14:3 (J; comparative only implied); with מן person Judg 15:2; Ruth 4:15; 1Sam 1:8; 1Sam 9:2; 1Sam 15:28; 1Kgs 2:32; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Chr 21:13; Prov 12:9; Prov 16:32; Prov 19:1; Prov 19:22; Prov 27:10; Prov 28:6; Lam 4:9; Esth 1:19; Eccl 4:3; Eccl 4:9; Eccl 4:13; Eccl 6:3; Eccl 7:5; Eccl 7:8 with מן of thing Judg 8:2; 1Sam 15:22; 2Sam 17:14; 1Kgs 21:2; 2Kgs 5:12; Hos 2:9; Amos 6:2; Isa 56:5; Jonah 4:3; Jonah 4:8; Ps 37:16; Ps 63:4; Ps 84:11; Ps 119:72; Prov 3:14; Prov 8:11; Prov 8:19; Prov 15:16; Prov 15:17; Prov 16:8; Prov 16:16; Prov 17:1; Prov 22:1; Prov 27:5; Song 1:2; Eccl 4:6; Eccl 7:1; Eccl 7:3; Eccl 7:8; Eccl 7:10; Eccl 9:4; Eccl 9:16; Eccl 9:18 followed by -מִשֶּׁ Eccl 5:4 מַהטּֿוֺב ֗֗֗ הֲ ֗֗֗ אִם is it better ... or ? Judg 9:2 הֲטוב ֗֗֗ אוֺ Judg 18:19 אין -טוב שֶׁ Eccl 2:24 (read -מִשֶּׁ see Commentaries); אין טוב מאשׁר Eccl 3:22 אין טוב כִי אִם Eccl 3:12; Eccl 8:15 so 1Sam 27:1 ᵐ5 We Dr Klo Kit Bu (ᵑ0 only כי with Imperfect)

7. of man's sensuous nature, glad, happy, prosperous: טוב לב merry, glad heart Prov 15:15; Esth 5:9; Eccl 9:7 טוֺבֵי לב 1Kgs 8:65 = 2Chr 7:10 טובים וַנּהיה Jer 44:17 we were prosperous; similarly Ps 112:5.

8. of man's intellectual nature, שֵׂכֶל טוֺב good understanding 2Chr 30:22; Ps 111:10; Prov 3:4; Prov 13:15 טוֺבַת שֶׂכֶל 1Sam 25:3.

9. good, kind, benign:
a. of men, themselves 1Sam 25:15; 2Sam 18:27; 2Chr 10:7 the eye Prov 22:9 דברים טובים kind words 1Kgs 12:7 = 2Chr 10:7.
b. of God, himself Nah 1:7; 2Chr 30:18; Ps 86:5 כי טוב for he is good, kind Ps 34:9; Ps 100:5; Ps 135:3; Jer 33:11 כי טוב כי לעולם חסדוֺ 1Chr 16:34; 2Chr 5:13; 2Chr 7:3; Ezra 3:11; Ps 106:1; Ps 107:1; Ps 118:1; Ps 118:29; Ps 136:1 טוב לְ kind to Ps 73:1; Ps 145:9; Lam 3:25 יד (ה)טובה על Ezra 7:9; Ezra 8:18; Neh 2:8; Neh 2:18 רוחךָ (ה)טובה Neh 9:20; Ps 143:10 שׁמךָ כי טוב Ps 52:11; Ps 54:8 כּי טוב חסדךָ Ps 69:17; Ps 109:21 הדבר(ים) הטוב(יםׅ the good, kind word(s) spoken in promise Josh 21:43; Josh 23:14; Josh 23:15 (D), 1Kgs 8:56; Jer 29:10; Jer 33:14; Zech 1:13.

10. good (ethical), right: מה טוב || what Yahweh requires Mic 6:8, || משׁפט Job 34:4:
a. of man himself || ישׁר Mic 7:4 אישׁ טוב Prov 14:14 (ה)טוב(יםׅ = (the) good 2Chr 19:11; Ps 125:4; Prov 2:28; Prov 12:2; Prov 13:22; Prov 14:19; Prov 15:3; Eccl 9:2 (twice in verse); man's deeds דברים 2Chr 2:12; 2Chr 19:3 מעשׂה 1Sam 19:4; Eccl 12:14 מעללים Ezek 36:31 דֶּרֶךְ הטובה והישׂרה 1Sam 12:23 the good and right way; (הַ)דֶּרֶךְ (ה)טוב(הׅ (the) good way 1Kgs 8:36 = 2Chr 6:27; Isa 65:2; Jer 6:16; Ps 36:5; Prov 16:29 דבריךָ טובים ונכחים 2Sam 15:3 good and right is thy case; דבר טוב good thing 1Kgs 14:13 לא טוב הדבר Neh 5:9 אשׂר לא טוב עשׂה Ezek 18:18 so of מאזני מרמה etc., Prov 20:23 לא טובc. infinitive (see 5 it is not good or right to: ענושׁ לצדּיק Prov 17:26 פני רשׁע שׂאת Prov 18:5 הכּר פנים Prov 28:21; Prov 24:23 (בל טוב).
b. of God טוב אתה ומטיב Ps 119:68 טוב וישׁר יהוה Ps 25:8 משׁפטיך טובים Ps 119:39 his commands מצות Neh 9:13 חקים Ezek 20:25 (לא טובים); לקח טוב Prov 4:2 מפי עליון לא תצא הרעות והטוב Lam 3:38.

BDB3306 H2896

III. טוֺב noun masculine^{Jer 17:6} (compare טוֺבָה noun feminine) a good thing. benefit, welfare: — ׳ט Gen 26:29 + 134 t.; —

1. welfare, prosperity, happiness: || שָׁלוֺם Isa 52:7; Jer 8:15; Jer 14:19 אם טוב ואם רע Jer 42:6 whether prosperity or adversity; יבוא טוב Jer 17:6 prosperity cometh; ׳שׂמח בט Deut 26:11; 2Chr 6:41 ׳ראה בט Eccl 2:1; Jer 29:32 object of ראה Ps 4:7; Ps 34:13; Eccl 2:24; Eccl 3:13; Job 7:7 of דרשׁ Esth 10:3 of בקשׁ Ps 122:9 מנע Ps 84:12; Jer 5:25 נתן Ps 85:13 קוה Job 30:26 מצא Prov 16:20; Prov 17:20; Prov 18:22; Prov 19:8 נחל Prov 28:10 חסר Ps 34:11 בשׂר 1Kgs 1:42; Isa 52:7 ׳חול לט Mic 1:12 ׳חכמה וט 1Kgs 10:7 טוב וחסד Ps 23:6 בטוב in prosperity Ps 25:13; Job 21:13; Job 36:11; Eccl 7:14 מטוב because of prosperity Zech 1:17 afar from happiness Ps 39:3 כטוב Hos 10:1 לטוב Deut 30:9; Jer 15:11 לטוב לָנוּ Deut 6:24 for good to us, = for our good, Deut 10:13 (לְךָ), Jer 32:39 (לָהֶם; compare לרע ל Jer 7:6; Jer 25:7).

2. good things, (collective) ברכ(ו)ת ׳ט blessing of good things Ps 21:4; Prov 24:25 מִלֵּא ׳בָתֵּיהֶם ט Job 22:18 filled their houses with good things; object of שׂבע Job 104:28; Prov 12:14 מלא Ps 107:9 אכל Prov 13:2; Isa 55:2 לקח Hos 14:3 ׳השׂביע בט Ps 103:5 goods, possessions 1Sam 15:9.

3. good = benefit: גְּמָלַתְהוּ טוֺב וְלֹארָֿע Prov 31:12 she doeth him good and not evil; תַּאֲוַת צַדִּיקִים אַךְטֿוֺב Prov 11:23 the desire of the righteous is only good; object of קבּל Job 2:10 מנע Prov 3:27 שׁחר Prov 11:27 שׁלּם Prov 13:21 עשׂה Gen 26:29 (J), Ps 119:65 היטיב Num 10:32 (J); ׳ערב לט Ps 119:122 ׳חֹרְשֵׁי ט Prov 14:22 who devise good.

4. moral good, ידע טוב ורע Gen 2:9; Gen 2:17; Gen 3:5; Gen 3:22 (J), Deut 1:39 בין טוב לרע 2Sam 19:36 in antithesis with רע elsewhere Deut 30:15; 2Sam 14:17; 1Kgs 3:9; Isa 5:20 (twice in verse); Isa 7:15; Isa 7:16; Amos 5:14; Amos 5:15; Mic 3:2; Ps 34:15; Ps 37:27; Ps 52:5 ׳זנח ט Hos 8:3 cast off good; עשׂה טוֺב do good Ps 14:1; Ps 14:3 = Ps 53:2; Ps 53:4; Ps 37:3; Eccl 7:20, in Eccl 3:12 this meaning seems less fitting; read perhaps ׳לִרְאוֺת ט (Gr, see also De) and tr. to 1; ׳רדף ט Ps 38:21 pursue good; ׳מַעְגַּלטֿ Prov 2:9 path of good.

BDB3309 H2896

טוֺבָה noun feminine welfare, benefit, good things, good; — absolute ׳ט Deut 28:11 + 54 t.; construct טוֺבַת Ps 106:5 suffix טוֺבָתִי Ps 16:2 etc. + 4 t. suffixes; plural טוֺבוֺת Jer 12:6 טֹבוֺת 2Kgs 25:28; Jer 52:32 suffix טוֺבֹתָיו Neh 6:19 —

1. welfare, prosperity, happiness: || שׁלום Deut 23:7; Jer 33:9; Ezra 9:12; Lam 3:17 יוֺם טובה Eccl 7:14 day of prosperity; טוֺבָתִי בַּלעָֿלָיךָ Ps 16:2 is not my welfare dependent upon thee? ׳תְּבוֺאָֽתְךָ ט Job 22:21 prosperity shall come to thee; לטובה Gen 50:20 (E), Deut 28:11; Deut 30:9; 2Chr 18:7; Jer 14:11 לרעה ולא לטובה Amos 9:4; Jer 21:10; Jer 39:16; Jer 44:27 object of verb בקּשׁ Neh 2:10 הביא Jer 32:42 ראה Job 9:25; Eccl 5:17; Eccl 6:6 אבּד Eccl 9:18 ׳ראה בט Ps 106:5 ׳חסר מט Eccl 4:8 object of אכל figurative Job 21:25 = taste happiness; of שׂבע Eccl 6:3 after נחם על Jer 18:10.

2. good things (collective):
a. of good words, object of דבּר 1Sam 25:30; 2Sam 7:28 = 1Chr 17:26; Jer 18:20 plural דבּר טובות Jer 12:6; Jer 52:32 = 2Kgs 25:28.
b. of material possessions ׳ברבות הט Eccl 5:10 when good things increase.

3. bounty, good שְׁנַת טוֺבָתֶ֑ךָ Ps 65:12 year of thy bounty (harvest bestowed by God), so also טובתך Ps 68:11 עשׂה ׳(ה)ט Exod 18:9 (E), Num 24:13 (JE), Judg 8:35; Judg 9:16; 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 2:6; 1Kgs 8:66 = 2Chr 7:10; 2Chr 24:16; Jer 33:9 object of נמל 1Sam 24:18 שׁלּם 1Sam 24:20 רעה תחת טובה Gen 44:4 (J), 1Sam 25:21; Ps 35:12; Ps 38:21; Ps 109:5; Prov 17:13; Jer 18:20 תחת קללה ׳ט 2Sam 16:12 ׳זכר לי לט remember it for me for good Neh 5:19; Neh 13:31 לטובה Ezra 8:22; Neh 2:18; Jer 24:5; Jer 24:6; Ps 86:17 plural טוֺבֹתָיו Neh 6:19 his benefits (i.e. good deeds of Tobiah).

BDB9554 H2869 H2896

טָב adjective good; — absolute ׳ט Dan 2:32 pure gold; = pleasing to (עַל person) Ezra 5:17 (compare Ezra 6:18, Biblical Hebrew טוֺב 5).

good, better, well, goodness, goodly, …

ṭôb

good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good or good thing, a good man or woman; the good, goods or good things, good men or women), also as an adverb (well)

(adj) good, pleasant, agreeable

pleasant, agreeable (to the senses)

welfare, prosperity, happiness

welfare, prosperity, happiness

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: זֶה · dzeh

Noun — masculine singular

In the KJV here: that

this ×576 and this ×44 in this ×40 of this ×39 is this ×31 these ×21 that ×17 as it is this ×10

More options

this — Default demonstrative; nearest referent in context.

that — Use when referent is more distant or already mentioned.

such — Highlights quality or kind rather than identity.

here — Adverbial use; marks location or present moment.

the same — Emphasizes identity or continuity with prior referent.

it — Pronominal use; when זֶה substitutes for a noun.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

עַתָּ֫ה₄₃₅ (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Kö^{ii. 260}), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v^b Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr^{§ 141, 142}); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

BDB9422 H1668 H2090 H2088

ד

דָּא demonstrative pronoun feminine this (= Biblical Hebrew זֹה: Zinjirli Têma, Cappadocian, Egyptian Aramaic זא, Nabataean דא, Palmyrene דה (Lzb^{264: Eph. i. 323} Cooke²⁶), ᵑ7 דא: see further below Biblical Hebrew זֶה. The corresponding masculine is דְּנָה); — this, Dan 4:27 הֲלָא דָיא בַּבֶל רַבְּתָא, Dan 5:6 דָּא לְדָא נָ֧קְשָׁן one striking against another, similarly Dan 7:3 (compare זֶה 1 b), vDan 7:8 בְקַרְנָאדָֿא.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb^{267. 446} RES³⁶¹ S-C^{Pap. A 2} +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K^{§ 103.}

2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K^{§ 81.}

3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.

4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb²⁹³ SAC^{G1 62, 63} Cooke^{369 b RES:361}; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

this, that, side, these, hence, …

ze

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such

(alone)

this one

this

this, such

then

wherein, which, those who

in this (place) here, then

וְ הַ לְּבָנֽוֹן

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

הַ

Prefix — article the

לְּבָנֽוֹן

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And lebanon")

Dictionary form: לְבָנוֹן · leh-baw-NONE

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: and lebanon

of lebanon ×26 lebanon ×13 and lebanon ×6 was in lebanon ×6 in lebanon ×4 and in lebanon ×2 as lebanon ×2 me from lebanon ×2

More options

Lebanon — Standard proper noun; use in nearly all contexts.

the Lebanon — With article; suits poetic or archaic-flavored passages.

Lebanon's forests — Contextual gloss when cedar/timber imagery is in view.

the Lebanon range — Clarifies geographic reference to the mountain chain.

BDB4315 H3844

לְבָנוֺן (Deut 3:25 הַלְּבָנֹן van d. H.)₇₁ proper name, of a mountain Lebanon (Phoenician לבנן; Assyrian Labnanu, etc., Schr^{COT on 1Kgs 5:13}, Dl^{Par. 103 ff.}; Egyptian Ra-mn-n WMM^{Asien u.Europa,197ff.}; Arabic compare further Rob^{BR ii, 435ff.} 493 GASm^Geogr.45ff. Buhl^{Geogr.110 and references}; name probably from whiteness of its cliffs Rob^{BR ii, 493}); — wooded mountain-range on northern border of Israel [usually with article ׳הַלּ (51 t.); without articleלְבָנוֺן, in poetry and late Hos 14:8; Nah 1:4; 2Kgs 19:23 = Isa 37:24; Ezek 31:15; Ezek 31:16; Isa 14:8; Isa 29:17; Isa 33:9; Isa 40:16; Jer 18:14; Hab 2:17; Zech 10:10; Zech 11:1; Ps 29:6; Song 4:8 (twice in verse); Song 4:11; Song 4:15 with ה locative לְבָב֫וֺנָה 1Kgs 5:28a]; perhaps first mentioned in defining a locality, as הַר הַלְּבָנוֺן, Judg 3:3 (E according to GFM; this combination only here), but also in early prophets, then in D, and later; — in defining a locality Josh 9:1 ׳בִּקְעַת הַלּ Josh 11:17; Josh 12:7 (side of Baal Gad); as a marked feature, in describing extent of land Deut 1:7; Deut 3:25; Deut 11:24; Josh 1:4; Josh 13:5 (כָּלהַֿל) vJosh 13:6 (all D), 1Kgs 9:19 = 2Chr 8:6; Jer 22:26; Zech 10:10 ׳אשׁהַל׳ר Jer 22:6 (figurative of royal house of Judah), as a height Song 4:8 (twice in verse); ׳מִגְדַּל הַל Song 7:5 i.e. a tower built on Lebanon; ׳שֶׁלֶג ל Jer 18:14 snow of L.; L. as source of streams Song 4:15 ׳יֵין ל Hos 14:8 most often, however, as bearing forests, especially of cedars, ׳אַרְזֵי הַלּ Judg 9:15 (in allegory; perhaps J, according to GFM), Isa 2:13; Isa 14:8; Ps 29:5; Ps 104:16, compare 1Kgs 5:13; 1Kgs 5:20; 1Kgs 5:23; 1Kgs 5:28 (twice in verse); 2Chr 2:7 (twice in verse); 2Chr 2:15, 2Kgs 14:9 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 25:18 (twice in verse) (in allegory), Jer 22:23; Ezek 17:3; Ezek 27:5; Ezek 31:3; Ezek 31:15; Ezek 31:16; Zech 11:1; Ezra 3:7; Ps 92:13; Song 3:9; Song 5:15 (simile of majestic figure); ׳פֶּרַח ל Nah 1:4 ׳כְּבוֺד הַלּ Isa 35:2; Isa 60:13 לְכַרְמֶל ׳וְשָׁב ל Isa 29:17 ׅ || (יַעַר ׳יַרְכְּתֵי ל with the same reference Isa 37:24 = 2Kgs 19:23 ׳הַלּ = trees of Lebanon Hos 14:6; Isa 10:34; Isa 40:16; Ps 29:6; Ps 72:16 ׳ל Isa 33:9 figurative, as mourning; ׳חֲמַס ל Hab 2:17 i.e. violence done to Lebanon, probably by cutting down its trees; ׳בֵּית יַעַר הַלּ a royal mansion of Solomon, 1Kgs 7:2 and 1Kgs 10:17; 1Kgs 10:21 = 2Chr 9:16; 2Chr 9:20 ׳ל as home of wild beast 2Kgs 14:9 = 2Chr 25:18 (in allegory); רֵיחַ לְבָנוֺן, of the odour of cedar forests Song 4:11, compare Hos 14:7 (in simile; We thinks ׳ל here to be a specific plant).

lebanon

lĕbānôn

whiteness

Lebanon, a mountain range in Palestine

a wooded mountain range on the northern border of Israel

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqh1cs

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5674

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Tj

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4994

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqh1cs

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7200

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar To

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H853

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Ncbsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H776

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Aafsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2896

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Tr

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H834

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncmsc

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5676

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Np

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3383

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Ncmsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2022

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Aamsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2896

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Pdxms

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2088

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Td/Np

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)