Exodus 28:18

And the second row shall be an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.
Connections

Job 28:16

לֹֽא-תְסֻלֶּה בְּכֶתֶם אוֹפִיר בְּשֹׁהַם יָקָר וְסַפִּֽיר׃
16
It cannot be valued with the gold of Ophir, with the precious onyx, or the sapphire.

Exodus 39:11

וְהַטּוּר הַשֵּׁנִי נֹפֶךְ סַפִּיר וְיָֽהֲלֹֽם׃
11
And the second row, an emerald, a sapphire, and a diamond.

Song of Solomon 5:14

יָדָיו גְּלִילֵי זָהָב מְמֻלָּאִים בַּתַּרְשִׁישׁ מֵעָיו עֶשֶׁת שֵׁן מְעֻלֶּפֶת סַפִּירִֽים׃
14
His hands are as gold rings set with the beryl: his belly is as bright ivory overlaid with sapphires.

Exodus 24:10

וַיִּרְאוּ אֵת אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְתַחַת רַגְלָיו כְּמַֽעֲשֵׂה לִבְנַת הַסַּפִּיר וּכְעֶצֶם הַשָּׁמַיִם לָטֹֽהַר׃
10
And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness.

Ezekiel 27:16

אֲרָם סֹחַרְתֵּךְ מֵרֹב מַעֲשָׂיִךְ בְּנֹפֶךְ אַרְגָּמָן וְרִקְמָה וּבוּץ וְרָאמֹת וְכַדְכֹּד נָתְנוּ בְּעִזְבוֹנָֽיִךְ׃
16
Syria was thy merchant by reason of the multitude of the wares of thy making: they occupied in thy fairs with emeralds, purple, and broidered work, and fine linen, and coral, and agate.

Revelation 4:3

καὶ καθήμενος ἦν ὅμοιος ὁράσει λίθῳ ἰάσπιδι καὶ σαρδίνῳ· καὶ ἶρις κυκλόθεν τοῦ θρόνου ὅμοιος ὁράσει σμαραγδίνῳ
3
And he that sat was to look upon like a jasper and a sardine stone: and there was a rainbow round about the throne, in sight like unto an emerald.

Job 28:6

מְקוֹם-סַפִּיר אֲבָנֶיהָ וְעַפְרֹת זָהָב לֽוֹ׃
6
The stones of it are the place of sapphires: and it hath dust of gold.

Jeremiah 17:1

חַטַּאת יְהוּדָה כְּתוּבָה בְּעֵט בַּרְזֶל בְּצִפֹּרֶן שָׁמִיר חֲרוּשָׁה עַל-לוּחַ לִבָּם וּלְקַרְנוֹת מִזְבְּחוֹתֵיכֶֽם׃
1
The sin of Judah is written with a pen of iron, and with the point of a diamond: it is graven upon the table of their heart, and upon the horns of your altars;

Ezekiel 1:26

וּמִמַּעַל לָרָקִיעַ אֲשֶׁר עַל-רֹאשָׁם כְּמַרְאֵה אֶֽבֶן-סַפִּיר דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא וְעַל דְּמוּת הַכִּסֵּא דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם עָלָיו מִלְמָֽעְלָה׃
26
And above the firmament that was over their heads was the likeness of a throne, as the appearance of a sapphire stone: and upon the likeness of the throne was the likeness as the appearance of a man above upon it.

Ezekiel 10:1

וָאֶרְאֶה וְהִנֵּה אֶל-הָרָקִיעַ אֲשֶׁר עַל-רֹאשׁ הַכְּרֻבִים כְּאֶבֶן סַפִּיר כְּמַרְאֵה דְּמוּת כִּסֵּא נִרְאָה עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃
1
Then I looked, and, behold, in the firmament that was above the head of the cherubims there appeared over them as it were a sapphire stone, as the appearance of the likeness of a throne.

Ezekiel 28:13

בְּעֵדֶן גַּן-אֱלֹהִים הָיִיתָ כָּל-אֶבֶן יְקָרָה מְסֻכָתֶךָ אֹדֶם פִּטְדָה וְיָהֲלֹם תַּרְשִׁישׁ שֹׁהַם וְיָשְׁפֵה סַפִּיר נֹפֶךְ וּבָרְקַת וְזָהָב מְלֶאכֶת תֻּפֶּיךָ וּנְקָבֶיךָ בָּךְ בְּיוֹם הִבָּרַאֲךָ כּוֹנָֽנוּ׃
13
Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the sapphire, the emerald, and the carbuncle, and gold: the workmanship of thy tabrets and of thy pipes was prepared in thee in the day that thou wast created.
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Exodus 28:18
Masoretic Phrasing
The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וְהַטּ֖וּר Tipeha — a lesser break הַשֵּׁנִ֑י Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here נֹ֥פֶךְ סַפִּ֖יר Tipeha — a lesser break וְיָֽהֲלֹֽם Silluq — end of the verse
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Word Parts
וְ הַ טּ֖וּר
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
הַ
Prefix — article the
טּ֖וּר
Root word row, rows
Dictionary form: טוּר · toor
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Td/Ncmsa
Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state
וְ Speech Conjunction
הַ Speech Particle Type Definite Article
טּוּר Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: row
rows ×11 row ×8 and a row ×2 the first row ×2 and there was a row ×1 in a row ×1 in rows ×1
More options
row — Most direct equivalent; suits architectural or table contexts.
course — Preferred for layers of stone or masonry.
tier — Use for stacked or layered arrangements.
line — More general; good for people or objects in sequence.
band — Suits decorative or patterned horizontal strips.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3322 H2905

BDB3321 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3323

טוּר noun masculineExod 28:17 row — absolute ׳ט Exod 28:17 + 9 t.; construct id. Exod 28:17 + 3 t.; plural טוּרִים Exod 28:17 + 7 t.; טֻרִים 1Kgs 7:20 construct טוּרֵי Exod 39:10 + 2 t.; —

1. row, course of building-stones, in temple and in Solomon's house 1Kgs 6:36; 1Kgs 7:12 forming enclosures in corner of court Ezek 46:23a; of beams Ezek 6:36; Ezek 7:12, see also Ezek 7:4 (Th Klo, see שֶׁקֶף, שְׁקֻפִים); of pillars Ezek 7:2; Ezek 7:3.
2. row of jewels, on high priest's breast-piece Exod 28:17 (3 t. in verse); Exod 28:18; Exod 28:19; Exod 28:20; Exod 39:10 (3 t. in verse); Exod 39:11; Exod 39:12; Exod 39:13 (all P); of pomegranates on capitals of pillars in temple 1Kgs 7:20; 1Kgs 7:42; 2Chr 4:13, so also probably 1Kgs 7:18, see Th Klo, after ᵐ5; of knops round the molten sea 1Kgs 7:24, compare 2Chr 4:3 (oxen הַבָּקָר, erroneous for הַפְּקָעִים 1Kgs 7:24).

Strong's Definition H2905
row, rows
ṭûr
a row; hence, a wall
  • row
    • row, course (of building)
    • "row (of jewels)
Variations 8 forms of this word
Translations 7 English renderings
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Word Parts
הַ שֵּׁנִ֑י
הַ
Prefix — article the
שֵּׁנִ֑י
Root word second, other, time, again, another, …
Dictionary form: שֵׁנִי · shay-NEE
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Td/Aomsa
Adjective — Ordinal Number, masculine singular, absolute state an ordinal (first, second, …)
הַ Speech Particle Type Definite Article
שֵּׁנִי Speech Adjective Type Ordinal Number Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: and the second
the second ×31 of the second ×12 the second time ×12 of the other ×11 the other ×11 in the second ×9 and the other ×6 another ×6
More options
second — Ordinal number; most common and direct rendering.
other — Use when contrasting one of a pair with another.
another — Prefer when introducing a fresh or additional item.
next — Suits sequential contexts, e.g. next day or next time.
again — Best for repeated action, e.g. 'a second time / again'.
further — Emphasizes continuation or addition beyond the first.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB10007 H8145 H8147

BDB10006 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB10008

תנא (ᵑ7 Syriac; = Biblical Hebrew II. שָׁנָה, שְׁנַיִם, שֵׁנִי).


BDB8887 H8145

BDB8886 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8888

שֵׁנִי masculine שֵׁנִית feminine157 adjective ordinal number second; — בַּיּוֺם הַשֵּׁנִי Exod 2:13 +, etc. (שֵׁנִי 82 t. + Neh 3:30, read שֵׁנִית; read וְהַשֵּׁנִי also 1Chr 6:13 for ושני); בַּשָּׁנָה הַשֵּׁנִית Gen 47:18 +, etc. (שֵׁנִית 72 t. + Neh 3:30 see above), ׳שִׁבְעַת יָמִים שׁ Lev 13:5; Lev 13:93; Lev 13:54 a second heptad of days; שֵׁנִית = a second time Gen 22:15 + 16 t. + (= again, of similar — not identical — act, or another point in a series) Ezek 4:6; Mal 2:13, וְהַשֵּׁנִית 2Sam 16:19 masculine plural שְׁנִיִּם Num 2:16 they shall set out as second, but Gen 6:16 second stories (in ark).

Strong's Definition H8145
second, other, time, again, another, …
šēnî
properly, double, i.e., second; also adverbially, again
  • second
    • second (the ordinal number)
    • "again (a second time)"another, other (something as distinct from something else)
Variations 12 forms of this word
Translations 42 English renderings
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Word Parts
נֹ֥פֶךְ
נֹ֥פֶךְ
Root word emerald, emeralds
Dictionary form: נֹפֶךְ · noh-PEK
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncmsa
Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state
נֹפֶךְ Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: shall be an emerald
an emerald ×1 shall be an emerald ×1 the emerald ×1 with emeralds ×1
More options
emerald — Most recognized modern rendering; broadly preferred.
turquoise — Some scholars identify nophek as turquoise, not emerald.
carbuncle — Traditional alternate ID; a deep red gemstone.
garnet — Another gemological candidate proposed by modern scholars.
malachite — Green stone sometimes identified with nophek in LXX tradition.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5296 H5306

BDB5295 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5297

נֹ֫פֶךְ noun [masculine] a precious stone which Tyre gained by trade Ezek 27:16 (where ׳נ doubted by Berthol, queried by Toy: Hpt), compare Ezek 28:13 (symbolic of wealth and honour of king of Tyre); in high priest's breastplate Exod 28:18; Exod 39:11. Perhaps = ruby or carbuncle ᵐ5 Joseph. ἄνθραξ, ᵑ9 carbunculus, compare DiEx KauEx SgfrEzek Co Berthol; ᵑ7 AV emerald.

Strong's Definition H5306
emerald, emeralds
nōpek
shining; a gem, probably the garnet
  • a precious stone in the high priest's breastplate
    • perhaps an emerald, turquoise, ruby, or carbuncle
    jewels imported from Tyre
Variations 2 forms of this word
Translations 4 English renderings
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Word Parts
סַפִּ֖יר
סַפִּ֖יר
Root word sapphire, sapphires, stone
Dictionary form: סַפִּיר · sahp-PEER
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncmsa
Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state
סַפִּיר Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: a sapphire
a sapphire ×2 with sapphires ×2 of a sapphire ×1 of a sapphire stone ×1 of sapphires ×1 or the sapphire ×1 the sapphire ×1 them as it were a sapphire ×1
More options
sapphire — Standard modern term; fits most poetic and narrative contexts.
lapis lazuli — Preferred by scholars; ancient 'sapphire' likely meant this stone.
blue gemstone — Use when specific identification is uncertain or disputed.
precious stone — Broader term; highlights value over color or identity.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5681 H5601

BDB5680 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5682

סַפִּיר noun [masculine] sapphire, perhaps also lapis lazuli (compare DiExod 24:10 NowArchaeology i. 131) (Late Hebrew id., and סַמְפִּירִינוֺן; ᵑ7 סַפִּרִינוֺן; ᵑ6 ; loan-word from Sanskrit canipriya according to LagGes. Abh. 72 LewyFremdw. 56 compare Greek σάπφειρος); — absolute ׳ס Exod 24:10 + 8 t.; pluralסַפִּירִים Isa 54:11; Song 5:14 — with other jewels as ornaments of prince Ezek 28:13 in high priest's breastplate Exod 28:18; Exod 39:11 found in mines Job 28:6, costly Job 28:16 compare Isa 54:11 taking high polish Lam 4:7 (in figurative); שֵׁן מְעֻלֶּפֶת סַפִּירִים Song 5:14 ivory covered with sapphires (in figurative); lapis lazuli, according to Hi BU Du and others in Job 28:6 (עַפְרֹת זָהָב לוֺ being understood of sparkling crystals of iron pyrites in this), but see Di; lapis lazuli may be intended in ׳לִבְנַת הַסּ Exod 24:10 (J) pavement of sapphire (in theoph.), compare ׳אֶבֶןסֿ Ezek 1:26; Ezek 10:1.

Strong's Definition H5601
sapphire, sapphires, stone
sappîr
a gem (perhaps used for scratching other substances), probably the sapphire
  • sapphire, lapis lazuli
Variations 5 forms of this word
Translations 9 English renderings
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Word Parts
וְ יָֽהֲלֹֽם
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יָֽהֲלֹֽם
Root word diamond
Dictionary form: יַהֲלֹם · ya-huh-LOME
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Ncmsa
Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state
וְ Speech Conjunction
יָהֲלֹֽם Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: and a diamond
and a diamond ×2 and the diamond ×1
More options
diamond — Most natural modern rendering; broadly understood.
hard gem — Use when gemstone identity is uncertain in context.
precious stone — More generic; suits poetic or list contexts.
crystal — Emphasizes clarity and brilliance over hardness.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB2182 H3095

BDB2181 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2183

יַהֲלֹם noun [masculine] a precious stone, jasper ? (so ᵐ5 ᵑ9), or onyx? (compare Di Exod 28:18) (apparently from √ הלם; owing to its hardness, as able to smite, hammer?) — mentioned in lists of precious stones Exod 28:18; Exod 39:11; Ezek 28:13.

Strong's Definition H3095
diamond
yahălōm
a precious stone, probably onyx
  • a precious stone (known for its hardness)
    • perhaps the jasper, onyx, or diamond
Variations 2 forms of this word
Translations 2 English renderings