Ezra 4:8

רְח֣וּם בְּעֵל טְעֵ֗ם וְשִׁמְשַׁי֙ סָֽפְרָ֔א כְּתַ֛בוּ אִגְּרָ֥ה חֲדָ֖ה עַל יְרֽוּשְׁלֶ֑ם לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥שְׂתְּא מַלְכָּ֖א כְּנֵֽמָא

Rehum the chancellor and Shimshai the scribe wrote a letter against Jerusalem to Artaxerxes the king in this sort:

Connections

Ezra 4:9

אֱדַיִן רְחוּם בְּעֵל-טְעֵם וְשִׁמְשַׁי סָֽפְרָא וּשְׁאָר כְּנָוָֽתְהוֹן דִּֽינָיֵא וַֽאֲפַרְסַתְכָיֵא טַרְפְּלָיֵא אֲפָֽרְסָיֵא ‫(ארכוי)‬ אַרְכְּוָיֵא בָֽבְלָיֵא שֽׁוּשַׁנְכָיֵא ‫(דהוא)‬ דֶּהָיֵא עֵֽלְמָיֵֽא׃

Then wrote Rehum the chancellor, and Shimshai the scribe, and the rest of their companions; the Dinaites, the Apharsathchites, the Tarpelites, the Apharsites, the Archevites, the Babylonians, the Susanchites, the Dehavites, and the Elamites,

2 Kings 18:18

וַֽיִּקְרְאוּ אֶל-הַמֶּלֶךְ וַיֵּצֵא אֲלֵהֶם אֶלְיָקִים בֶּן-חִלְקִיָּהוּ אֲשֶׁר עַל-הַבָּיִת וְשֶׁבְנָה הַסֹּפֵר וְיוֹאָח בֶּן-אָסָף הַמַּזְכִּֽיר׃

And when they had called to the king, there came out to them Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder.

2 Samuel 20:25

‫(ושיא)‬ וּשְׁוָא סֹפֵר וְצָדוֹק וְאֶבְיָתָר כֹּֽהֲנִֽים׃

And Sheva was scribe: and Zadok and Abiathar were the priests:

2 Samuel 8:17

וְצָדוֹק בֶּן-אֲחִיטוּב וַֽאֲחִימֶלֶךְ בֶּן-אֶבְיָתָר כֹּֽהֲנִים וּשְׂרָיָה סוֹפֵֽר׃

And Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were the priests; and Seraiah was the scribe;

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Ezra 4:8

Text only

Niqqud

Cantillation

Masoretic Phrasing

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.

רְח֣וּם בְּעֵל טְעֵ֗ם Revia — a lesser break וְשִׁמְשַׁי֙ Pashta — a lesser break סָֽפְרָ֔א Zaqef Qatan — a strong break כְּתַ֛בוּ Tevir — a lesser break אִגְּרָ֥ה חֲדָ֖ה Tipeha — a lesser break עַל יְרֽוּשְׁלֶ֑ם Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here לְאַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥שְׂתְּא מַלְכָּ֖א Tipeha — a lesser break כְּנֵֽמָא Silluq — end of the verse

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Word Parts

רְח֣וּם

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Rehum")

Dictionary form: רְחוּם · reh-HOOM

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

רְחוּם

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: rehum

rehum ×7 wrote rehum ×1

More options

Rehum — Standard proper-name rendering; use in most contexts.

Rehum (official) — Clarifies his administrative role when context requires.

the official Rehum — Useful when introducing the character for the first time.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB7869 H7348

רְחוּם, רְחֻם proper name, masculine (compassion, or softness, gentleness ?); — post-exilic name:

1. with Zerubbabel:
a. רְחוּם Ezra 2:2, A Ιρεουμ’, ᵐ5^L Ναουμ ( = נְחוּם || Neh 7:7).
b. priest, רְחֻם Neh 12:3 Ρεουμ ( = חָרִם vNeh 12:15, compare Neh 7:42 = Ezra 2:39; Ezra 10:21, see חָרִם 3 a).

2. רְחוּם, with Nehemiah:
a. Levite Neh 3:17, Βασουθ, א A ᵐ5^L Ραουμ.
b. Neh 10:26, Ρα[ε]ουμ.

BDB9898 H7348

רְחוּם proper name, masculine Persian official Ezra 4:8 (usually explained from √ רחם, see Biblical Hebrew; Scheft⁹² thinks possibly originally רוחם, Old Iranian proper name rukma, = splendour).

Strong's Definition H7348

rehum

rĕḥûm

compassion

Rechum, the name of three Israelites

an man who returned from exile with Zerubbabel

also 'Nehum'

Variations 2 forms of this word

Translations 2 English renderings

Rehum One of the leaders who returned with Zerubbabel Rehum A Persian official who wrote to King Artaxerxes Rehum One who sealed the covenant during Nehemiah's time Rehum A Levite who helped repair the wall of Jerusalem

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Word Parts

בְּעֵל

Root word chancellor

Dictionary form: בְּעֵל · beh-ALE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsc

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

בְּעֵל

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct

In English

In the KJV here: the chancellor

the chancellor ×3

More options

official — Broad term; fits most administrative contexts well.

administrator — Emphasizes bureaucratic or governmental role.

chancellor — Modernized KJV; retains formal, high-office tone.

magistrate — Suits legal or civic authority contexts.

secretary — More specific; fits record-keeping or scribal roles.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9383 H1169 H1167

בְּעֵל (K^{§ 54, 3} γ) noun masculine owner, lord (Syriac , used similarly; compare Biblical Hebrew בַּ֫עַל, √ בָּעַל; also ᵑ7 בְּעֵיל); — construct מְֿעֵם׳בּ Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:9; Ezra 4:17 i.e. commander (Andr^{M 56* as translation of} Persian fram¹t¹r, commander).

Strong's Definition H1169

chancellor

bĕʿēl

a master; hence, a husband

owner, lord

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 1 English renderings

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Word Parts

טְעֵ֗ם

Root word decree, commandment, regarded, tasted, wisdom

Dictionary form: טְעֵם · teh-AME

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsa

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

טְעֵם

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

a decree ×13 and according to the commandment ×1 and wisdom ×1 commandment ×1 regarded ×1 whiles he tasted ×1

More options

decree — Best for official royal or governmental pronouncements.

command — Modernizes 'commandment'; suits authoritative directives.

order — Neutral, contemporary alternative for formal instructions.

judgment — Fits contexts of deliberated, wisdom-based decisions.

taste — Literal sensory meaning; also metaphor for discernment.

discretion — Captures the 'wisdom' nuance in reflective contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9562 H2942 H2940 H2941

טְעֵם₃₀ noun masculine^{Ezra 4:21} taste, judgement, command (Biblical Hebrew טַ֫עַס (late sense)); — absolute ׳ט Dan 3:10 +, construct ׳ט Dan 5:2; Ezra 6:14, טַ֫עַס (of God, mere scribal distinction Nö^{LCB 1896, 305} Str^{§ 8 c} K^{Aramaismen 40}) Ezra 6:14; Ezra 7:23 emphatic טַעְמָא Ezra 4:21 —

1. Dan 5:2 in the taste of the wine (while they were enjoying it).

2. judgement, discretion, in reply, ׳הֲתִיב עֵטָא וּט Dan 2:14 (Prov 26:16); in act (person) על ׳שִׂים ט Dan 3:12; Dan 6:14 (Prov 26:16); in act (person) על׳שִׂים ט Dan 3:12; Dan 6:14 shew proper deference to (עַל).

3. report (of official), with הלך Ezra 5:5, יהב Dan 6:3.

4. command, of God Ezra 6:14; Ezra 7:23, of king Ezra 6:14 ׳שִׂיס ט give command, issue decree Dan 3:10 + 3 t., Ezra 4:19; Ezra 4:21 (twice in verse) + 11 t.; ׳בְּעֵל ט commander Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:9; Ezra 4:17.

BDB9586 H2942 H5843

עֵטָא noun feminine counsel; — absolute Dan 2:14 (see טְעֵם

2.).

יצא see שֵׁיצֵא.

Strong's Definition H2942

decree, commandment, regarded, tasted, wisdom

ṭĕʿēm

properly, flavor; figuratively, judgment (both subjective and objective); hence, account (both subjectively and objectively)

decree, taste, judgment, command

taste

Variations 5 forms of this word

Translations 6 English renderings

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Word Parts

וְ שִׁמְשַׁי֙

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

שִׁמְשַׁי֙

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And shimshai")

Dictionary form: שִׁמְשַׁי · shim-SHAI

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Np

Noun — Proper Name

וְ	Speech Conjunction
שִׁמְשַׁי	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: and shimshai

and shimshai ×3 and to shimshai ×1

More options

Shimshai — Standard transliteration; best for most Bible translations.

Shimshay — Alternate spelling reflecting Hebrew vowel more closely.

Shim-Shai — Hyphenated form aiding pronunciation for new readers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9972 H8124

שִׁמְשַׁי proper name, masculine; — always סָֽפְרָא ׳שׁ: Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:9; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:23 (Andr^{M 86 *} conjectures Old Iranian caritative ששמי, conformed to שׁמשׁ, compare Scheft⁹², who, however, prefers Old Baktrian sim¢zhi = sima¢zhi, proper name).

שֵׁן see שׁנן. below

Strong's Definition H8124

shimshai

šimšay

sunny

Shimshai, a Samaritan

the scribe for Rehum, the satrap of Judea for the Persian government

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 2 English renderings

Shimshai Scribe who opposed the rebuilding of Jerusalem.

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Word Parts

סָֽפְרָ ֔א

סָֽפְרָ

Root word scribe

֔א

Prefix — article the

Dictionary form: סָפֵר · saw-PARE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsd/Td

Noun — Common, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

סָֽפְרָ	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Determined
א	Speech Particle Type Definite Article

In English

In the KJV here: the scribe

the scribe ×5 a scribe ×1

More options

scribe — Standard modern equivalent; widely understood in biblical contexts.

secretary — Emphasizes administrative, official role in government settings.

scholar — Highlights learned, literate aspect; suits priestly or wisdom contexts.

clerk — Stresses record-keeping duties; fits bureaucratic or court settings.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9740 H5613 H5608

[סָפֵר] noun masculine secretary, scribe (ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew סֹפֵר); — emphatic סָֽפְרָא the secretary, Persian official, Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:9; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:23 construct סָפַר the scribe Ezra 7:12; Ezra 7:21, of Ezra as learned in God's law.

Strong's Definition H5613

scribe

sāpēr

a scribe (secular or sacred)

scribe, secretary

Variations 2 forms of this word

Translations 2 English renderings

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Word Parts

כְּתַ֛בוּ

Root word wrote, written, write

Dictionary form: כְּתַב · keh-TAHB

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Vqp3mp

Verb — Peal, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine plural simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

כְּתַבוּ

Speech Verb Stem Peal Type Perfect (Qatal) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Plural

Verb Chart

Full verb chart

In English

In the KJV here: wrote

wrote ×3 and wrote ×1 he wrote ×1 was written ×1 we might write ×1 written ×1

More options

write — Core infinitive; broadest and most versatile choice.

record — Prefer when emphasizing official or archival inscription.

inscribe — Use for carving or engraving on stone, metal, or tablets.

compose — Highlights authorship and literary intent of a document.

put in writing — Stresses the act of committing something formally to text.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9628 H3789 H3790

כְּתַב verb write (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳כ Dan 6:26 ל person + oratio recta [direct speech], Dan 7:1 accusative of thing; 3 masculine plural כְּתַ֫בוּ Ezra 4:8 accusative אִגְּרָה; 1 plural נִכְתּוּב Ezra 5:10, accusative of thing; Participle active absolute feminine singular כָּֽתְבָה Dan 5:5, subject יְדָא, feminine plural כָּֽתְבָן vDan 5:5, subject אֶצְבְּעָן. Pe`il (W^{CG 224}) Perfect 3 masculine singular כִּדְנָה כְּ תִּיבEzra 5:7 thus (it) was written, so ׳כֵּן כ Ezra 6:2.

Strong's Definition H3790

wrote, written, write

kĕtab

to grave, by implication, to write (describe, inscribe, prescribe, subscribe)

to write

(P'al) to write, to be written

Variations 7 forms of this word

Translations 6 English renderings

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Word Parts

אִגְּרָ֥ה

Root word letter

Dictionary form: אִגְּרָא · ig-geh-RAW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncfsa

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

אִגְּרָה

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: letter

of the letter ×2 letter ×1

More options

letter — Most natural modern term for written correspondence.

written message — Clarifies the written, communicated nature of the document.

dispatch — Formal register; suits official royal or governmental correspondence.

missive — Slightly literary; good for elevated or formal narrative contexts.

document — Broader term; use when content is more decree-like than personal.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9269 H104 H107

אִגְּרָה (K^{§ 50, 3}) noun feminine letter-missive (late Biblical Hebrew אִנָּ֫רֶת, Old Aramaic אנרת, Palmyrene אגרתא Lzb²⁰⁷); — absolute ׳א Ezra 4:8 (van d. H. רָא-); emphatic אִגַּרְתָּא Ezra 4:11; Ezra 5:6.

Strong's Definition H104

letter

ʾiggĕrāʾ

an epistle (as carried by a state courier or postman)

letter, missive (Aramaic loan-word used in last Old Testament books)

Variations 2 forms of this word

Translations 2 English renderings

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Word Parts

חֲדָ֖ה

Root word first, one, together

Dictionary form: חַד · hahd

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Acfsa

Adjective — Cardinal Number, feminine singular, absolute state a number (one, two, three, …)

חֲדָה

Speech Adjective Type Cardinal Number Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: a

a ×3 in the first ×3 one ×2 and a ×1 for one ×1 itself on one ×1 together ×1 was first ×1

More options

one — Most versatile; use for cardinal number contexts.

single — Emphasizes unity or singularity of an item.

first — Ordinal sense; prefer for sequence or ranking contexts.

together — Collective sense; use when unity of group is stressed.

a — Indefinite article sense; natural in narrative prose.

alone — Highlights isolation or uniqueness of the referent.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9603 H1768 H1836 H2298

כְּ particle like, as, about (Biblical Hebrew כְּ, q. v.); — like, as Dan 2:40 תַּקִּיפָא כְּפַרְוְלָא, Dan 4:5; Dan 4:32; Dan 5:1 +; according to Dan 4:32 וּכְּ מִצְבְּיֵהּ עָכֵד and according to his will he doeth, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:18 +; about (as Biblical Hebrew 1 a: compare Zinjirli Lzb⁴⁴⁴ [ן] כשלשן מלכ), Dan 4:16 כְּשָׁעָה חֲדָה, Dan 6:1 with infinitive (Biblical Hebrew 3 b), Dan 6:21 וּכְ מִקְרְנֵהּ לִגֻבָּא and as he drew near, etc. Cpds.: — כְּ דִי and כִּדְנָה, see דִּי and דָּאנה; כַּחֲדָה; together, see חַד (sub אחד).

Strong's Definition H2298

first, one, together

ḥad

as card. one; as article single; as an ordinal, first; adverbially, at once

one (number)

Variations 4 forms of this word

Translations 8 English renderings

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Word Parts

עַל

Preposition upon, unto, over, in, against, …

Dictionary form: עַל · al

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar R

Preposition

עַל	Speech Preposition

In English

In the KJV here: against

upon ×16 over ×9 unto ×8 against ×7 concerning ×5 in ×5 for ×4 to ×4

More options

on — Most versatile default; covers surface and figurative senses.

over — Use for authority, coverage, or position above.

about — Best for topics or subjects of speech or thought.

against — Use for opposition, complaint, or hostile action.

concerning — Formal; suits legal or prophetic discourse on a subject.

regarding — Neutral modern alternative to 'concerning'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9768 H5922 H5921

עַל preposition upon, over, on account of, above, to, against (Biblical Hebrew and general Aramaic id.); — suffix 1 singular עֲלַי; 2 masculine singular עליך Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, Cooke^{No. 77, A 5, 6, B 8}, S-C^{Pap. A 3, B 5} +), עֲלָךְ, Qr (ᵑ7 עֲלַךְ, Dalm^{§ 47, 2}) Dan 3:12 + 6 t. Daniel; Ezra 7:18 3 masculine singular עֲלוֺהִי (so Nabataean, Palmyrene; Egyptian Aramaic עלוי S-C^{A 6} +) Dan 3:28 +, עֲלֹהִי Ezra 6:11 3 feminine singular עליה Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, S-C^{D 24}), עֲלַהּ Qr (so ᵑ7) Dan 4:14; Dan 5:21 1 plural עֲלֵינָא Ezra 4:12, עֲלֵ֑ינָא Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:17 Baer (Gi עֲלֶ֑ינָא); 3 masculine plural עֲלֵיהֹם (so Nabataean, CIS^{ii. 226}; Egyptian Aramaic, S-C^{Pap. F 5, 8}+) Ezra 7:24, עֲלֵיהוֺן Ezra 5:1; Ezra 5:3 —

1. a. upon, Dan 2:10; Dan 2:28; Dan 2:46; Dan 5:5; Dan 5:7; Dan 6:11 + often, Dan 4:26 עַלהֵֿיכַל מַלְכוּתָא (2Sam 11:2); to be established עַל מַלְכוּתִי 2Sam 4:33 (compare 2Chr 1:1 Biblical Hebrew II. 1) to lay an impost upon, Ezra 7:24 to trust on, Dan 3:28 after a verb of motion, מְטָא עַל to come upon, Dan 4:21; Dan 4:25 of times, to pass over, Dan 4:13; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Ezra 5:1 בְּשֻׁם אֱלָהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלֵיהוֺן i.e. (named) over them.
b. idiomatic (as in Biblical Hebrew; see II. 1 d) of the person who is the subject of an emotion or experience, Dan 5:9 וְזִיוֺתִי שָׁנַיִן עֲלוֺהִי were changed upon him, Dan 7:28; Dan 6:19 וְשִׁנְּתֵהּ נַדַּת עֲלוֺהִי (compare Dan 2:1).
c. on accusative of (Biblical Hebrew 1 f b), Dan 3:16 פִּתְגָּם עַלדְּֿנָה. So in עַלדְּֿנָה on this accusative Ezra 4:15; Ezra 4:22; Ezra 5:17, עַלמָֿה wherefore ? Dan 2:15 and עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי (see ׳דְּ).
d. on behalf of (ib. 1 f c), Ezra 6:17.
e. regarding, concerning (ib. 1 f g), Dan 2:18; Dan 5:14; Dan 5:29; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:13; Ezra 7:14 + often

2. over, with verbs of ruling, appointing, etc., Dan 2:48; Dan 2:49; Dan 3:12; Dan 4:14 +, Ezra 4:20; Ezra 6:18.

3. in a comparative sense, above, beyond, Dan 3:19; Dan 6:4.

4. expressing direction:
a. to, of a person, after a verb of motion (compare Biblical Hebrew 7 c a a), Dan 2:24; Dan 4:31; Dan 4:33; Dan 6:7; Dan 6:16; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:23 + often; after to send (a letter, etc.) Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:6 +, write Ezra 4:7, prophesy Ezra 5:1 of the direction of the mind (ib. 7c c), Dan 3:12; Dan 6:14 (twice in verse); Dan 6:15 compare Ezra 5:5 הֲוַת עַל ׳וְעֵין אֱל (compare Jer 40:4 and אֶל Ps 34:16).
b. against, Dan 3:19; Dan 3:29; Dan 5:23; Dan 6:5; Dan 6:6 +; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 7:23.

5. in such phrases as שְׁפַר עַל, טְאֵב (to be) good or acceptable to (as in Syriac and late Hebrew: see Biblical Hebrew 8), Ezra 5:17 אִם עַל מַלְכָּא טָב, Ezra 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 4:24 (יִשְׁפַּר), Dan 6:15 (בְּאֵשׁ), v.Dan 6:24 (טְאֵב). — compare the synopsis of meanings in Lzb³⁴⁰.

Strong's Definition H5922

upon, unto, over, in, against, …

ʿal

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

upon, over, on account of, above, to, against

upon, over, on account of, regarding, concerning, on behalf of

Variations 14 forms of this word

Translations 41 English renderings

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Word Parts

יְרֽוּשְׁלֶ֑ם

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Jerusalem")

Dictionary form: יְרוּשָׁלֵם · yeh-roo-shaw-LAME

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

יְרוּשְׁלֶם

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: jerusalem

is at jerusalem ×6 is in jerusalem ×5 jerusalem ×3 and jerusalem ×2 at jerusalem ×2 to jerusalem ×2 was in jerusalem ×2 are at jerusalem ×1

More options

Jerusalem — Standard modern spelling; use in virtually all contexts.

the city of Jerusalem — Use when clarifying Jerusalem as a city for new readers.

the holy city — Thematic substitute when sacred significance is being emphasized.

Zion — Poetic or prophetic contexts where Zion is synonymous.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9593 H3390 H3389

יְרוּשְׁלֵם₂₅ proper name, of a location Jerusalem (Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלִַם); — Dan 5:2; Dan 5:3; Dan 6:11; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:12 + 20 t. Ezra.

Strong's Definition H3390

jerusalem

yĕrûšālēm

teaching of peace

Jerusalem

the chief city of Palestine and capital of the united kingdom and the nation of Judah after the split

Variations 12 forms of this word

Translations 11 English renderings

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Word Parts

לְ אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥שְׂתְּא

לְ

Prefix — preposition to, for

אַרְתַּחְשַׁ֥שְׂתְּא

Root word a name — transliterate it ("To artaxerxes")

Dictionary form: אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׁתָּא · ar-ta-shahsh-TAW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar R/Np

Noun — Proper Name

לְ	Speech Preposition
אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: to artaxerxes

of artaxerxes ×7 artaxerxes ×6 and artaxerxes ×1 to artaxerxes ×1

More options

Artaxerxes — Standard modern English spelling; use in most contexts.

King Artaxerxes — Add title when royal role needs emphasis.

Artaxerxes the king — Mirrors Hebrew titular style more closely.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB788 H783

אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתָּא proper name, masculine Artaxerxes (Persian Artakhshatrâ, Spieg^{APK 68, 207} ᵐ5 Ἀρταξερξης, compare BeRy on Ezra 4:23; Ezra 7:1f.; Neh 1:1) ׳א Ezra 4:7 see BD¹⁰²; אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא Ezra 4:7, אַרְתַּחְשַׁסְתְּא Ezra 7:1; Ezra 7:11; Ezra 8:1; Neh 2:1; Neh 5:14; Neh 13:6 Artaxerxes I, or Longimanus, son & successor of Xerxes, reigned B.C. 465-424.

BDB9350 H783

אַרְתַּחְשַׁשְׂתְּא proper name, masculine of king, Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:23; Ezra 6:14 = שַׁסְתְּא- Ezra 7:12; Ezra 7:21 (Biblical Hebrew שַׁשְׂתָּא-; Egyptian Aramaic ארתחשסש RES⁴³⁸, S-C^B2+; see also Andr^{M 54*} Scheft^{i. 79}); — Αρσαρθα, Α(ρ)σαθαθα, Αρθασαθα; ᵐ5^L Αρταξερξης.

Strong's Definition H783

artaxerxes

ʾartaḥšaštāʾ

I will make the spoiled to boil, I will stir myself (in) winter

Artachshasta (or Artaxerxes), a title (rather than name) of several Persian kings

son and successor of Xerxes as emperor of Persia, 465–424 BC

Variations 6 forms of this word

Translations 4 English renderings

Artaxerxes Persian king during Ezra and Nehemiah's time

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Word Parts

מַלְכָּ ֖א

מַלְכָּ

Root word king, kings, royal

֖א

Prefix — article the

Dictionary form: מֶלֶךְ · meh-LEK

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncmsd/Td

Noun — Common, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

מַלְכָּ	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Determined
א	Speech Particle Type Definite Article

In English

In the KJV here: the king

the king ×75 o king ×19 the kings ×12 king ×10 kings ×9 unto the king ×9 and the king ×7 to the king ×6

More options

king — Standard modern rendering; broadly suitable in most contexts.

monarch — Formal or literary tone; emphasizes sovereign authority.

ruler — Broader term; useful when royal title is less central.

sovereign — Elevated register; stresses supreme political power.

royal — Adjectival use; prefer when modifying a noun directly.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9662 H4429 H4430

מֶ֫לֶךְ₁₇₈ noun masculine king (general Semitic; see Biblical Hebrew); — ׳מ absolute Dan 2:10 + 2 t.; construct Dan 4:34 + 6 t.; usually emphatic מַלְכָּא Ezra 4:8 + 154 t., ָ ה Dan 2:11 plural מַלְכִין Ezra 4:15 + 9 t., ִ ים Ezra 4:13 (Hebraism, BeRy M⁴¹*); emphatic מַלְכַיָּא Dan 2:44 + 2 t.; — king Dan 2:4; Dan 2:5 + 132 t. Daniel; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:11 + 42 t. Ezra (מֶלָךְ מַלְכַיָּא of Nebuchadnezzar Dan 2:37, of Artaxerxes Ezra 7:12 [compare Cooke^{71.3, of Xerxes}]; מַלְכִין Dan 7:17 = kingdoms, compare מַלְכוּ vDan 7:23).

Strong's Definition H4430

king, kings, royal

melek

a king

king

Variations 15 forms of this word

Translations 35 English renderings

Kings

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Word Parts

כְּנֵֽמָא

Adverb thus, manner, so, sort

Dictionary form: כְּנֵמָא · keh-nay-MAW

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar D

Adverb

כְּנֵֽמָא

Speech Adverb

In English

In the KJV here: in this sort

and thus ×1 in this sort ×1 so ×1 unto them thus ×1 we unto them after this manner ×1

More options

in this way — Neutral, everyday phrase; broadly applicable in most contexts.

like this — Informal and direct; suits conversational or narrative register.

thus — Slightly formal; good for legal, official, or solemn speech.

in this manner — More deliberate tone; fits formal or procedural contexts.

accordingly — Emphasizes logical consequence or compliance with instructions.

as follows — Use when introducing a statement or set of instructions.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9614 H3660

כְּנֵ֫מָא adverb accordingly, as follows (derivation uncertain: Nö^{GGA, 1884, 1021} Marti and others from כֵּן + indefinite מָא, so somewhat, ungefähr so: see older improbable view (as we should say, from כְּ and נֵימָא = נֵאמַר, compare Talmud יֵימָא for יֵימַר) in Thes⁶⁵²): referring backwards, Ear Ezra 6:13 כְּנֵמָא ֗֗֗ עֲבַדוּ did accordingly; referring forwards, Ezra 4:8 . . . כְּתַבוּ כְנֵמָא wrote a letter . . . as follows, Ezra 5:4(read c ᵐ5 אֲמַרוּ; אֲמַרְנָא from vEzra 5:9, Mey^{Entst. 26}), vEzra 5:9 vEzra 5:11.

Strong's Definition H3660

thus, manner, so, sort

kĕnēmāʾ

so or thus

thus, so, accordingly, as follows

Variations 3 forms of this word

Translations 5 English renderings

Ezra 4:7

Read Ezra 4

Ezra 4:9