Isaiah 22:19

וַהֲדַפְתִּ֖יךָ מִמַּצָּבֶ֑ךָ וּמִמַּעֲמָֽדְךָ֖ יֶהֶרְסֶֽךָ
And I will drive thee from thy station, and from thy state shall he pull thee down.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וַ הֲדַפְתִּ֖י ךָ
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
הֲדַפְתִּ֖י
Root word thrust, away, drive, out, driven, …
ךָ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: הָדַף · haw-DAHP

Verb — Qal, Sequential Perfect (Weqatal), first person singular simple action — "he did" carries the story forward — try "and he will ___" the built-in subject is "I"

In the KJV here: and i will drive
he thrust ×2 and i will drive ×1 but he casteth away ×1 did drive them ×1 hath cast them out ×1 he shall be driven ×1 shall expel ×1 to cast out ×1
More options
push away — Clearest modern rendering; suits most physical or social contexts.
drive out — Emphasizes forced removal from a place or position.
expel — Formal register; good for legal, covenantal, or official banishment.
shove aside — Vivid and physical; captures abruptness of the action.
force out — Neutral and versatile; works for people, nations, or abstract ideas.
cast out — Modernized KJV form; retains biblical resonance without archaism.

BDB2076 H1920

BDB2075 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2077

הָדַף verb thrust, .push, drive (הֲדַף in ᵑ7; Arabic is ingressus ad aliquem fuit, propinquus fuit, also of time prope accessit) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular suffix הֲדָפוֺ Num 35:22; Jer 46:15 1 singular suffix וַהֲדַפְתִּיךָ consecutive Isa 22:19 Imperfect 3 masculine singularיֶהְדֹּף Prov 10:3 suffix 3 masculine singular יֶהְדֳּפֶנּוּ Num 35:20 suffix 3 masculine plural יֶהְדֳּפֵם Josh 23:5 3 masculine plural suffix יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ Job 18:18 2 masculine plural תֶּהְדֹּ֑פוּ Ezek 34:21 Infinitive הֲדֹף Deut 6:19; Deut 9:4 suffix הָדְפָהּ 2Kgs 4:27 —
1. thrust, push, subject man, followed by accusative Num 35:20; Num 35:22 (here fatally); subject cattle, figurative of men, Ezek 34:21 (instrumental בְּכָתֵף; || נָגַח); push away 2Kgs 4:27 (Gehazi, the Shunammite); thrust away (from oneself) figurative = reject, הַוַּת רְשָׁעִים Prov 10:3 (subject ׳י).
2. thrust out, drive out, followed by מִן of place whence & accusative of person; of ׳י driving out enemies of Israel from Canaan Deut 6:19; Deut 9:4; Josh 23:5 compare also indefinite subject יֶהְדְּפֻהוּ מֵאוֺר אֶלחֿשֶׁךְ Job 18:18 (|| וּמִתֵּבֵל יְנִדֻּהוּ); & Jer 46:15 (where no plural whence). Hence
3. = depose Isa 22:19 of ׳י deposing Shebna (followed byמִן of station).

thrust, away, drive, out, driven, …
hādap
to push away or down
  • to thrust, push, drive, cast away, cast out, expel, thrust away
    • (Qal)
      • to thrust, push
        • "to drive out, thrust out"to depose

מִ מַּצָּבֶ ֑ךָ
מִ
Prefix — preposition from, out of
מַּצָּבֶ
Root word garrison, stood, station
֑ךָ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: מַצָּב · mahts-SAWB

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: thee from thy station
the garrison ×3 and the garrison ×2 garrison ×2 stood ×2 thee from thy station ×1
More options
garrison — Military outpost; modernizes the dominant KJV rendering.
outpost — Emphasizes forward or frontier military position.
military post — Clearer for general readers unfamiliar with 'garrison'.
station — Broader; suits administrative or guard-duty contexts.
post — Concise; works for both military and sentry contexts.
stronghold — Stresses fortified, defensive character of the position.

BDB5320 H4673

BDB5319 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5321

מַצָּב noun masculine1Sam 13:23 standing-place, station, garrison; — ׳מ absolute 1Sam 14:15, construct מַצַּב Josh 4:3; Josh 4:9 + (Baer in Sm מַצָּב, compare on 1Sam 13:23, but see Ginsb); suffix מַצָּבֶ֫ךָ Isa 22:19 —

1. standing-place of feetJosh Isa 4:3; Isa 4:9 (JE).
2. station, office Isa 22:19 (|| מַעֲמָד).
3. garrison, post, or outpost (of Philistines) 1Sam 13:23; 1Sam 14:1; 1Sam 14:4; 1Sam 14:6; 1Sam 14:11; 1Sam 14:15; 2Sam 23:14 so read also 1Sam 14:12 (for ᵑ0 מַצָּבָה) ᵐ5 Th We Bu HPS.

garrison, stood, station
maṣṣāb
a fixed spot; figuratively, an office, a military post
  • station, garrison, standing-place
    • standing-place (of feet)
      • "station, office, position"garrison, post, outpost

וּ מִ מַּעֲמָֽדְ ךָ֖
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
מִ
Prefix — preposition from, out of
מַּעֲמָֽדְ
Root word attendance, office, place, state
ךָ֖
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: מַעֲמָד · ma-uh-MAWD

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and from thy state
and the attendance ×2 and from thy state ×1 their office ×1 their place ×1
More options
position — Broad default; suits office, rank, or standing.
station — Good for assigned post or formal role.
standing — Emphasizes status or social/official rank.
post — Concrete; best for a physical or assigned duty-place.
attendance — Use when presence or service before someone is in view.
office — Prefer when an institutional or ceremonial role is stressed.

BDB6132 H4612

BDB6131 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6133

[מַעֲמָד] noun [masculine] office, function, service; —

1. station, office, post (מַעֲמָֽדְךָ) Isa 22:19 (|| מַצָּֽבְךָ), עַלמַֿעֲמָדָם 2Chr 35:15 at their post.
2. office, function 1Chr 23:28.
3. service, probably specifically waiting at table (strictly mode of standing), construct מַעֲמַד מְשָֽׁרְתָיו 1Kgs 10:5 = 2Chr 9:4.

attendance, office, place, state
maʿămād
(figuratively) a position
  • attendance, office, function, service
    • station, office, post
      • "office, function"service

יֶהֶרְסֶֽ ךָ
יֶהֶרְסֶֽ
Root word down, destroyed, overthrow, overthrown, ruined, …
ךָ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one man)
Dictionary form: הָרַס · haw-RAHS

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: shall he pull thee down
thrown down ×3 and throw down ×2 and to throw down ×2 he hath thrown down ×2 and break down ×1 and destroyed ×1 and destroyed it ×1 and overthrow ×1
More options
demolish — Best for physical structures; clear and contemporary.
tear down — Vivid, colloquial; suits walls, buildings, altars.
destroy — Broad scope; fits people, cities, and abstractions.
overthrow — Prefer for power structures, kingdoms, or authority.
raze — Strong, precise; implies complete leveling to the ground.
ruin — Emphasizes lasting damage; suits judgement or consequence contexts.

BDB2235 H2040

BDB2234 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2236

הָרַס verb throw down, break or tear down (MI הרם; ? Arabic , bruise, bray, pound, crush (grain)) —

Qal Perfect ׳הָ Lam 2:2; Lam 2:17 הָרָ֑ס Isa 14:17 וְהָרַסְתָּ֫ Judg 6:25 וְהָרַסְתִּ֫י Ezek 13:14; Mic 5:10 וְהָֽרְסוּ Ezek 16:39; Ezek 26:4; Ezek 26:12 הָרָ֑סוּ 1Kgs 19:10; 1Kgs 19:14 Imperfect יַהֲרוֺס Job 12:14 suffix יֶהֶרְסֶ֑ךָ Isa 22:19 וַיֶּהֶרְסֶ֑הָ 1Chr 20:1 יֶהֶרְסֶנָּה Prov 29:4 יֶהֶרְסֵם Ps 28:5 3 feminine singular suffix 3 masculine singular תֶּהֶרְסֶנּוּ Prov 14:1 2 masculine singular תַּהֲרֹס Exod 15:7 אֶהֱרֹס Jer 24:6; Jer 42:10 אֶהֱרוֺס Mal 1:4 3 masculine plural יֶהֶרְסוּ Exod 19:21; Exod 19:24 יַהֲרֹ֑סוּ 2Kgs 3:25 Imperative הֲרָסֿ Ps 58:7 suffix הָרְסָהּ 2Sam 11:25 Infinitive הֲרֹס Jer 31:28 הֲרוֺס Jer 1:10 Participle active הֹרֵס Jer 45:4 passive הָרוּס 1Kgs 18:30 —
1. throw down, tear down, with accusative: altar(s) Judg 6:25; 1Kgs 18:30; 1Kgs 19:10; 1Kgs 19:14 height (גַּב, where idol-altar stood ? compare גֶּב below גבב) Ezek 16:39 city (cities) Isa 14:17; 2Sam 11:25; 2Kgs 3:25; 1Chr 20:1 (compare MI27) Mal 1:4 (object not expressed); wall(s) Ezek 13:14; Ezek 26:12 house Prov 14:1 (figurative of foolish woman's action); strongholds (מִבְצָרִים) Lam 2:2; Mic 5:10 tower(s) Ezek 26:4 figurative overthrow (i.e. ruin) land Prov 29:4 (opposed to יַעֲמִיד); object men Exod 15:7 (poem in E) Isa 22:19 (cast down Shebna from office); figurative, opposed to building up, of Yahweh's dealings with men Ps 28:5, compare (without object) Jer 24:6; Jer 42:10 object indefinite אשׁר בָּנִיתִי אֲנִי הֹרֵס Jer 45:4 absolute Jer 1:10; Jer 31:28; Lam 2:17; Job 12:14.
2. break down, break away שִׁנֵּימוֺ בְּפִימוֺ ׳ה Ps 58:7 break away their teeth in their mouth! figurative, addressed to God.
3. break through, intransitive, followed by ׳אֶליֿ Exod 19:21 followed by ׳לַעֲלֹת אֶליֿ, vExod 19:24 (both J). Niph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular נֶהֱרָ֑סָה Prov 24:31 3 plural נֶהֶרְסוּ Jer 50:15; Joel 1:17 וְנֶהֶרְסוּ consecutive Ezek 30:4; Ezek 38:20 Imperfect יֵהָרֵס Jer 31:40 3 feminine singular תֵּהָרֵס Prov 11:11 יֵהָרֵס֑וּן Ps 11:3 Participle הַנֶּהֱרָסוֺת Ezek 36:35; Ezek 36:36 — be thrown or torn down; wall(s) of vineyard Prov 24:31, of city Jer 50:15 cities Ezek 36:35 compare vEzek 36:36 figurative ruined Prov 11:11 (opposed to תָּרוּם); foundations, יְסוֺדֹת Ezek 30:4 שָׁתוֺת Ps 11:3 mountains Ezek 38:20 storehouses מַמְּגֻרוֺת Joel 1:17 [see ׳מ]; valley east of Jerusalem לֹאיִֿנָּתֵשׁ וְלֹאיֵֿהָרֵס Jer 31:40 it shall not be plucked up nor thrown down, apparently proverb. expression, implying destruction, removal. Pi`el Imperfect 2 masculine singular suffix תְּהָֽרְסֵם Exod 23:24 Infinitive absolute הָרֵס Exod 23:24 Participle plural suffix מְהָֽרְסַיִךְ Isa 49:17 — overthrow, tear down הָרֵס תְּהָֽרְסֵם Exod 23:24 thou shalt utterly tear them down (J E; object = idols compare Di); participle destroyers, of Zion Isa 49:17 (|| מַחֲרִיבַיִךְ).

down, destroyed, overthrow, overthrown, ruined, …
hāras
to pull down or in pieces, break, destroy
  • to tear down, break down, overthrow, beat down, break, break through, destroy, pluck down, pull down, throw down, ruined, destroyer, utterly
    • (Qal)
      • to throw down, tear down
        • "to break through"to break down, break away
      (Niphal) to be torn down, be thrown down"(Piel)
      • to overthrow, tear down
        • "destroyer (participle)

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וַהֲדַפְתִּ֖יךָ Tipeha — a lesser break מִמַּצָּבֶ֑ךָ Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וּמִמַּעֲמָֽדְךָ֖ Tipeha — a lesser break יֶהֶרְסֶֽךָ Silluq — end of the verse

וַהֲדַפְתִּיךָ מִמַּצָּבֶךָ וּמִמַּעֲמָֽדְךָ יֶהֶרְסֶֽךָ׃
19
And I will drive thee from thy station, and from thy state shall he pull thee down.
Cross References

Ezekiel 17:24

וְֽיָדְעוּ כָּל-עֲצֵי הַשָּׂדֶה כִּי אֲנִי יְהוָה הִשְׁפַּלְתִּי׀ עֵץ גָּבֹהַ הִגְבַּהְתִּי עֵץ שָׁפָל הוֹבַשְׁתִּי עֵץ לָח וְהִפְרַחְתִּי עֵץ יָבֵשׁ אֲנִי יְהוָה דִּבַּרְתִּי וְעָשִֽׂיתִי׃
24
And all the trees of the field shall know that I the LORD have brought down the high tree, have exalted the low tree, have dried up the green tree, and have made the dry tree to flourish: I the LORD have spoken and have done it.

Job 40:11

הָפֵץ עֶבְרוֹת אַפֶּךָ וּרְאֵה כָל-גֵּאֶה וְהַשְׁפִּילֵֽהוּ׃
11
Cast abroad the rage of thy wrath: and behold every one that is proud, and abase him.

Psalms 75:6

כִּי לֹא מִמּוֹצָא וּמִֽמַּעֲרָב וְלֹא מִמִּדְבַּר הָרִֽים׃
6
For promotion cometh neither from the east, nor from the west, nor from the south.

Luke 1:52

καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀπὸ θρόνων καὶ ὕψωσεν ταπεινούς
52
He hath put down the mighty from their seats, and exalted them of low degree.
Isaiah 22:18
Read Isaiah 22
Isaiah 22:20