Isaiah 33:23

נִטְּשׁ֖וּ חֲבָלָ֑יִךְ בַּל יְחַזְּק֤וּ כֵן תָּרְנָם֙ בַּל פָּ֣רְשׂוּ נֵ֔ס אָ֣ז חֻלַּ֤ק עַֽד שָׁלָל֙ מַרְבֶּ֔ה פִּסְחִ֖ים בָּ֥זְזוּ בַֽז
Thy tacklings are loosed; they could not well strengthen their mast, they could not spread the sail: then is the prey of a great spoil divided; the lame take the prey.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

נִטְּשׁ֖וּ
נִטְּשׁ֖וּ
Root word left, forsake, forsaken, leave, spread, …
Dictionary form: נָטַשׁ · naw-TAHSH

Verb — Niphal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: are loosed
and spread themselves ×3 and forsake ×2 and forsaken ×1 and have left ×1 and have left him ×1 and i will forsake ×1 and i will leave ×1 and left ×1
More options
abandon — Best for emotional or willful desertion of persons or places.
forsake — Modernized KJV core; still natural in solemn or covenantal contexts.
leave behind — Neutral; good for objects, lands, or people left without drama.
spread out — Use when the physical sense of spreading/extending is in view.
desert — Strong register; implies betrayal or dereliction of duty.
let go — Good for loosening, releasing, or allowing to fall/lie idle.

BDB5176 H5203

BDB5175 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5177

נָטַשׁ verb leave, forsake, permit (ᵑ7 forsake; draw off skin of dead animal; Arabic = abstinens ab impuro according to †am (Frey)); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳נ 1Sam 10:2, suffix 1 plural נְטָשָׁ֫נוּ Judg 6:13 2 masculine singular נָטַשְׁתָּ 1Sam 17:28, נָטַשְׁתָּה Isa 2:6, suffix נְטַשְׁתַּ֫נִי Gen 31:28, וּנְטַשְׁתָּהּ consecutive Exod 23:11, etc.; Imperfect יִטּשׁ 1Sam 12:22; Ps 94:14, יִטּוֺשׁ Hos 12:15, suffix 1 plural יִטְּשֵׁנוּ 1Kgs 8:57 1 plural נִטּשׁ Neh 10:32, etc.; Imperative נְטוֺשׁ Prov 17:14 Passive participle feminine נְטוּשָׁה Isa 21:15 masculine plural נְטֻשִׁים 1Sam 30:16 —
1. leave, let alone Exod 23:11 (E; = let field lie fallow, || שָׁמַט), compare וְנִטּשׁ אֶתהַֿשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁכִיעִיתּ וּמַשָּׁא כָליָֿ֑ד Neh 10:32 (i.e. leave field fallow and debts unclaimed); object quails, let them lie, (עַל location) Num 11:31 (JE), of Amalekites נְטֻשִׁים עַלפְּֿנֵי פָלהָֿאָרֶץ 1Sam 30:16 left to themselves over all the land; וְדָמָיו עָלָיו יִטּוֺשׁ Hos 12:15 and his mortal guilt shall he leave upon him; leave in charge of, entrust to (עַל person): sheep 1Sam 17:20; 1Sam 17:28 baggage v1Sam 17:22.
2. usually forsake, abandon, דִּבְרֵי הָאֲחֹנוֺת ׳נ 1Sam 10:2 thy father hath abandoned the matter of the asses (ceased to be concerned about them); הָרִיב נְטוֺשׁ Prov 17:14 abandon contention; often subject ׳י with accusative of person Judg 6:13; Isa 2:6; 1Sam 12:22; 1Kgs 8:57 (|| עָזַב) 2Kgs 21:14; Jer 7:29; Jer 12:7 (|| עָזַב), Jer 23:33; Jer 23:39; Ps 27:9 (|| עָזַב), Ps 94:14 (|| id.); of ׳י leaving Phar. forsaken (on ground, compare Niph`al 1) Ezek 29:5 (+ ה locative), Ezek 32:4 (+ ב location); abandoning the sanctuary at Shiloh Ps 78:60 of men forsaking God Deut 32:15 (poem), Jer 15:6 compare אַלחִֿטּשׁ תּוֺרַת אִמֶּ֑ךָ Prov 1:8; Prov 6:20 of men abandoning king (under figure of cedar) Ezek 31:12 (twice in verse).
3. permit, only וְלֹא נְטַשְׁתַּנִי לְנַשֵּׁק ׳לְבָנַי וגו Gen 31:28 (E) and hast not permitted me to kiss my sons, etc. — For וַתִּטּשׁ הַמִּלְחָמָה 1Sam 4:2 read probably וַתֵּט (ᵐ5 ἔκλινεν) Dr Klo Bu, or < (קשׁה) וַתִּקֶשׁ grew fierce HPS (Löhr proposes תִּנָּטֵשׁ compare Judg 15:9 etc.). For חֶרֶב נְטוּטָה Isa 21:15 (|| קֶשֶׁת דְּרוּכָה) read perhaps לְטוּשָׁה ׳ח. Niph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular נִטְּשָׁה Amos 5:2 3 plural נִטְּשׁוּ Isa 16:8; Isa 33:23 Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיִּנָָּֽטְשׁוּ Judg 15:9 + 2 t.; —
1. be forsaken, Amos 5:2 she (Israel) lieth forsaken (עַל location).
2. be loosened or loose (properly be let alone, left to hang down) of ship's tackle Isa 33:23.
3. be let go, spread abroad, of warriors, Judg 15:19; 2Sam 5:18; 2Sam 5:22 (all with ב location, for purpose of plunder); of tendrils of vine Isa 16:8 (figurative of Moab). Pu`al Perfect only אַדְמוֺן נֻטָּ֑שׁ Isa 32:14 palaces are abandoned, deserted (|| הֲמוֺן עִיר עֻזָּ֑ב).

left, forsake, forsaken, leave, spread, …
nāṭaš
properly, to pound, i.e., smite; by implication (as if beating out, and thus expanding) to disperse; also, to thrust off, down, out or upon (inclusively, reject, let alone, permit, remit, etc.)
  • to leave, permit, forsake, cast off or away, reject, suffer, join, spread out or abroad, be loosed, cease, abandon, quit, hang loose, cast down, make a raid, lie fallow, let fall, forgo, draw
    • (Qal)
      • to leave, let alone, lie fallow, entrust to
        • "to forsake, abandon"to permit
      (Niphal)
      • to be forsaken
        • "to be loosened, be loose"to be let go, spread abroad
      (Pual) to be abandoned, be deserted

חֲבָלָ֑יִ ךְ
חֲבָלָ֑יִ
Root word cords, sorrows, line, cord, coast, …
ךְ
Suffix — pronoun your / you (one woman)
Dictionary form: חֶבֶל · heh-BEL

Noun — Common, both plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: thy tacklings
the sorrows ×5 with cords ×5 a company ×2 and sorrows ×2 by line ×2 coast ×2 line ×2 sorrows ×2
More options
rope — Most concrete sense; physical binding or measuring tool.
region — Geographic territory; prefer for land-allotment contexts.
allotment — Inherited share of land; good for tribal-division passages.
anguish — Emotional/physical distress; fits 'birth pangs' or grief contexts.
band — A group of people; use when referring to a company of men.
snare — Figurative entrapment; use when the metaphor is entanglement.

BDB2498 H2256

BDB2497 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2499

I. חֶ֫בֶל noun masculineJosh 2:14 feminine Zeph 2:6 (but see below) cord, territory, band; ׳ח absolute Josh 2:15 +; construct Deut 3:4 +, חֵ֫בֶל Josh 19:29 suffix חַבְלוֺ Job 18:10 plural חֲבָלִים 2Sam 8:2 + 10 t. + Ezek 47:13; Job 21:7 see below; construct חַבְלֵי Josh 17:5 + 5 t.; חֶבְלֵי Ps 116:3 + 2 t. + Ps 18:5 (read משׁברי see below); suffix הֲבָלָ֑יִךְ Isa 33:23 חֲבָלָיו Isa 33:20 —

1. cord, rope, by which men were lowered Josh 2:15 (JE), Jer 38:6; Jer 38:11; Jer 38:12; Jer 38:13, or stones dragged 2Sam 17:13 of tents Isa 33:20 tackling of ship vIsa 33:23 for binding Ezek 27:24; Job 40:25; Esth 1:6 symbol of captivity or subjection 1Kgs 20:31; 1Kgs 20:32 figurative of snare for wicked Job 18:10 (|| מַלְכֻּדְתּוֺ), set by wicked Ps 140:6 (|| פַּה); Ps 119:61 cords of wicked men have surrounded me; of wicked held בחבלי חַטָּאתוֺ Prov 5:22 ׳ח הָשָּׁ֑וְא Isa 5:18 cords (ropes) of wickedness (|| כַּעֲבוֺת הָעֲגָלָה); of cords of distress (עֹ֑נִי) Job 36:8 (|| וִקִּים); so חֶבְלֵי מָוֶת (probably) Ps 116:3, חֶבְלֵי שׁאוֺל Ps 18:6 = 2Sam 22:6 (|| מוֺקְשֵׁי מָוֶת); — for חֶבְלֵי מות Ps 18:5 read מִשְׁבְּרֵי, see 2Sam 22:5 and || נַחֲלֵי בְלִיַּעַל, De Che Bae; to draw בְּחַבְלֵי אָדָם Hos 11:4 (i.e. humanely, kindly); of cord of life חֶבֶל הַכֶּסֶף Eccl 12:6.
2. measuring-cord, line מִדָּה ׳ח Zech 2:5 so ׳ח alone 2Sam 8:2 (3 t. in verse); Amos 7:17; Mic 2:5; Ps 78:55 figurative (of favoured life) Ps 16:5 in general of one's portion, fortune Job 21:17 according to ᵑ7 Thes Add. Ew Di and others, but < see חֵבֶל. Thence
3. measured portion, lot, part, region, נַחֲלָה ׳ח inherited portion Deut 32:9; 1Chr 16:18 = Ps 105:11 also ׳ח alone Josh 17:5; Josh 17:14; Josh 19:9; Ezek 47:13 (חבלים; ᵑ9 ᵑ7 read as dual, see Ew Sm Da and others; Co strike out on internal grounds); of particular regions אַרְגֹּב ׳ח Deut 3:4; Deut 3:13; Deut 3:14; 1Kgs 4:13 אַכְזִיב ׳ח Josh 19:29 (si vera 1., see WMMAsien 194); הַיָּם ׳ח Zeph 2:5 also vZeph 2:6, but ׳היתה ח here dubious; Sta proposes 2 feminine singular הָיִת, and strike out הים ׳ח; without הים, vZeph 2:7.
4. band, company of prophets 1Sam 10:5; 1Sam 10:10. — II. חֶבֶל see below II. חָבַל.

BDB2499 H2256

BDB2498 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2500

חֵ֫בֶל noun masculineIsa 66:7 (but see Jer 49:24) pain, pang; — ׳ח absolute Isa 66:7 elsewhere plural חֲבָלִים Isa 13:8 + 3 t. + Job 21:17 see below; construct חֶבְלֵי Hos 13:13 suffix חֲבָלֶיהָ Isa 26:17 חֶבְלֵיהֶם Job 39:3 (on suffix see Ges«GKC:135»§ 135, 5, R 1); — pain, pang:

1. pains of travail:
  a. object of תְּשַׁלַּחְנָה Job 39:3 meton. for off spring (|| יַלְדֵיהֶן; see Di; of goats and hinds).
  b. simile of distress of exiles Isa 26:17 figurative of anguish of nations צִירִים וַחֲבָלִים יאֹחֵזוּן Isa 13:8 (|| כַּיּוֺלֵדָה יְחִילוּן), also Jer 13:21; Jer 22:23; Jer 49:24 of crisis of redemption Hos 13:13 (|| חֶבְלֵי יוֺלֵדָה), of birth of new Israel Isa 66:7.
2. of other than birth-pangs only חבלים Job 21:17 pains, pangs, sorrows (so ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Thes, — otherwise Add. — Rob-Ges Hi Da and others; || נֵר יִדְעָ֑ךְ, יָבאֹ אֵידָם ); > others, portion, fortune, see חֶבֶל.

BDB2504 H2256

BDB2503 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2505

חֹבְלִים noun [masculine] plural union (literally binders) name of Zechariah's second symbolic staff Zech 11:7 and with article vZech 11:14. see חָבַל

1.

BDB2507 H2256

BDB2506 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2508

II. חֶ֫בֶל noun masculine destruction — חֶבֶל נִמְרָץ Mic 2:10 compare II. חָבַל Pi`el above

cords, sorrows, line, cord, coast, …
ḥebel
a rope (as twisted), especially a measuring line; by implication, a district or inheritance (as measured); or a noose (as of cords); figuratively, a company (as if tied together)
  • a cord, rope, territory, band, company
    • a rope, cord
      • "a measuring-cord or line"a measured portion, lot, part, region"a band or company
    pain, sorrow, travail, pang
    • pains of travail
      • "pains, pangs, sorrows
    union"destruction

בַּל
בַּל
Particle not
Dictionary form: בַּל · bahl

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: they could not
not ×7 shall not ×5 they shall not ×5 he shall not ×3 nor ×3 i shall not ×2 neither ×2 that they may not ×2
More options
not — General negation; suits most poetic and prose contexts.
never — Stresses absolute or emphatic negation; strong assertion.
nor — Use when continuing a negative clause in a series.
cannot — Highlights inability rather than mere negation.
no — Blunt, forceful denial; works well before a noun or verb.
nothing — Use when בַּל negates an implied object or quantity.

BDB1126 H1077

BDB1125 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1127

בַּל69 adverb not (Phoenician id.: e.g. CISi. 165, 15 בל יכן לכהן shall not be for the priest; :3, 3 בל עתי = before my time) a poetic synonym of לֹא, of comparatively rare occurrence, Hos 7:2; Hos 9:16 (Qr) Isa 14:21; Isa 35:9; Isa 43:17; Prov 9:13; Prov 14:7; Prov 19:23; Prov 22:29; Prov 23:7; Prov 23:35 (twice in verse); Prov 24:23; 1Chr 16:30 ( = Ps 96:10), only besides, except in the passages cited, in other Psalms: often repeated in the same context, as Isa 26:10 (twice in verse); Isa 26:11; Isa 26:14 (twice in verse); Isa 26:18 (twice in verse); Isa 33:20 (twice in verse); Isa 33:21; Isa 33:23 (twice in verse); Isa 33:24; Isa 44:8; Isa 44:9 (3 t. in verse); Ps 10:4; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:15; Ps 10:18; Ps 16:2; Ps 16:4 (twice in verse); Ps 16:8; Ps 17:3 (twice in verse); Ps 17:5; Ps 21:3; Ps 21:8; Ps 21:12 also used often with אֶמּוֺט, יִמּוֺט, תִּמּוֺט Ps 10:6; Ps 16:8; Ps 21:8; Ps 30:7; Ps 46:6; Ps 93:1; Ps 96:10; Ps 104:5; Prov 10:30; Prov 12:3; Job 41:15. In Isa 40:24 it is probably that it acquires from the context the sense of hardly: yea, hardly are they planted, yea, hardly are they sown ..., when he even bloweth upon them, and they wither; compare לֹא 2Kgs 20:4. Joined anomalously with an infin., Ps 32:9 בַּל קְרוֺב אֵלֶיךָ (else) there is not coming nigh thee (i.e. else they will not approach thee).

not, nor, neither, no, cannot, …
bal
properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually (adverb) not at all; also lest
  • not, hardly, else

יְחַזְּק֤וּ
יְחַזְּק֤וּ
Root word strong, repaired, hold, strengthened, strengthen, …
Dictionary form: חָזַק · haw-DZAHK

Verb — Piel, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural intensive — "he really / thoroughly did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: strengthen
him repaired ×17 be strong ×16 repaired ×11 them repaired ×7 prevailed ×6 to repair ×6 be of good courage ×5 hardened ×5
More options
strengthen — Most versatile; suits physical, moral, or structural contexts.
repair — Best for building/restoration contexts (e.g., temple repairs).
be strong — Stative use; describes a condition rather than an action.
take hold — Good for grasping, clinging, or seizing contexts.
harden — Specifically for heart/will contexts; stubbornness or resolve.
prevail — Prefer when one force overcomes another in conflict.

BDB2680 H2388

BDB2679 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2681

חָזַק291 verb be or grow firm, strong, strengthen (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic חֲזַק bind on or about, gird on, compare Arabic bind, squeeze) —

Qal Perfect ׳ח Gen 41:57 + 4 t.; חָזָק֑ 2Chr 26:15 suffix חֲזָקוֺ 2Chr 28:20, etc.; Imperfect יֶהֱז֑ק 2Chr 28:7 (Baer) + 2 t.; וַיֶּחֱזַק Gen 41:56 +; יֶחֶזְקוּ 2Sam 10:11 + 2 t.; יֶחְזְקוּ Isa 28:22 Imperative חֲזַק Deut 12:23 +; חִזְקוּ Deut 31:6 +; Infinitive construct לְחָזְקָה 2Kgs 12:13 suffix לְחָזְקָהּ Ezek 30:21 Participle חָזֵק Exod 19:19; 2Sam 3:1, etc.; — I. intransitive be or grow strong: —
1. a. of physical strength of hands Judg 7:11; 2Sam 2:7; 2Sam 16:21; Ezek 22:14; Zech 8:9; Zech 8:13 (on Ezek 3:14 see below); of arm, followed by infinitive Ezek 30:21 used of recovery from illness Isa 39:1 followed by מִן of comparison over power 1Sam 17:50 (with בְּ instrumental), 2Sam 13:14.
  b. of people, army Deut 11:8; Josh 17:13 (JE), = Judg 1:28; Ezra 9:12 followed by מִן comparative be stronger than, too strong for, prevail against 2Sam 10:11 (twice in verse) = 1Chr 19:12 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 20:23; 1Kgs 20:25 id., followed by accusative 1Kgs 16:22, compare of ׳י as prevailing over man Jer 20:7 (|| יָכֹל); followed by על 2Chr 8:3; 2Chr 27:5.
  c. of royal power וְדָוִד הֹלֵךְ וְהָזֵק 2Sam 3:1 (opposed to הֹלְכִים וְדַלִּים); compare 2Chr 26:15 (|| חֶזְקָה v2Chr 26:16), Dan 11:5a.
  d. prevail over, upon, of word of king 2Sam 24:4 (followed by אֶלֿ) = 1Chr 21:4 (followed by עַל).
  e. of bonds Isa 28:22. feminine of sound of trumpet הוֺלֵךְ וְהָזֵק מְאֹד Exod 19:19 (E, compare חָזָק vExod 19:16) it grew much louder and louder.
2. be firm, fast: —
  a. literally be caught fast, of Absalom's head 2Sam 18:9 (followed by בְּ).
  b. be firm, secure, of a kingdom 2Kgs 14:5 ( + בְּיָדוֺ) = 2Chr 25:3 ( + עָלָיו). Oftener
  c. be firm = courageous, confident, especially Imperative, usually || אמץ (q. v.), Deut 31:6; Deut 31:7; Deut 31:23; Josh 1:6; Josh 1:7; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:18; Josh 10:25; Josh 23:6 (all D), 2Sam 10:12; 2Sam 13:28; 1Kgs 2:2; 1Chr 19:13 (|| התחזק), 1Chr 22:13; 1Chr 28:10; 1Chr 28:20; 2Chr 15:7; 2Chr 19:11; 2Chr 32:7; Ezra 10:4; Ps 27:14; Ps 31:25; Isa 35:4; Isa 41:6; Hag 2:4 (3 t. in verse); Dan 10:19 (twice in verse); followed byלַמִּלְחָמָה 2Chr 25:8.
  d. hold firmly to, devote oneself to, followed by בְּ 2Chr 31:4.
  e. followed by Infinitive be firm not to eat blood, i.e. firmly refrain from it Deut 12:23, compare 1Chr 28:7.
3. press, be urgent, followed by עַל + Infinitive Exod 12:33 (E); followed by עַל of hand of ׳י in prophetic ecstasy Ezek 3:14 (ᵐ5 Co read חֲזָקָה, adjective, see חָזָק).
4. in bad sense:
  a. grow stout, rigid, hard, with idea of perversity, of Pharaoh's heart Exod 7:13; Exod 7:22; Exod 8:15 (all P), Exod 9:35 (R); compare חזקו עָלַי דבריכם Mal 3:13.
  b. be severe, grievous, of battle 2Kgs 3:26 of famine Gen 41:56; Gen 41:57 (E), Gen 47:20 (J; followed by על), 2Kgs 25:3 = Jer 52:6. II. transitive only לֹא חֲזֶקוֺ 2Chr 28:20 strengthened him not, but text very dubious (|| וַיָצַר לוֺ). Pi`el Perfect חִזַּק Ps 147:13 +, etc.; Imperfect וַיְחַזֵּק Exod 9:12 + 10 t., etc.; Imperative חַזֵּק Neh 6:9 + 2 t.; feminine singular חַזְּקִי Nah 3:14 חַזֵּ֑קִי Isa 54:2 etc.; Infinitive construct חַזֵּק 2Kgs 12:9 + 12 t.; Participle מְחַזֵּק Exod 14:17 מְחַזְּקִים 2Kgs 12:9 —
1. make strong (physically):
  a. followed by accusative of person Judg 16:28 followed by על Judg 3:12 followed by מָתְנַיִם Nah 2:2 (|| אַמֵּץ כֹּחַ; of personified people).
  b. = restore to strength Dan 10:18; Dan 10:19 to health Ezek 34:4; Ezek 34:16 with לְ give strength to 1Chr 29:12 so, followed by זְרוֺעֹתָם, Hos 7:15; Ezek 30:24 (and vEzek 30:25 Co, see Hiph`il)
  c. followed by accusative of thing Isa 41:7; Jer 10:4 (both with בְּ instrumental; of manufacture of idols); of strengthening tent-pegs, in metaphor Isa 54:4, compare Isa 33:23 followed by bars of gates Ps 147:13 often of making strong, fortifying a town, etc. Nah 3:14; 2Chr 11:11; 2Chr 11:12; 2Chr 26:9; 2Chr 32:5 = repair (wall, object not expressed) Neh 3:19 see Hiph`il; with accusative of temple 2Kgs 12:6; 2Kgs 12:7; 2Kgs 12:15; 2Kgs 22:6; 2Kgs 2:5; 2Kgs 2:12; 2Kgs 29:3; 2Kgs 34:8, compare v2Chr 34:10 (|| לִבְדּוֺק); followed by ׳לְבית י 1Chr 26:27 object breaches (accusative) 2Kgs 12:8; 2Kgs 12:9; 2Kgs 12:13; 2Kgs 22:5.
  d. of establishing kingdom 2Chr 11:17.
2. strengthen the hands (accusative) of any one, i.e. sustain, encourage (opposed to רִפָּה) Judg 9:24; Jer 23:14; Ezek 13:22; Isa 35:3; Job 4:3; Ezra 6:22; Neh 2:18; Neh 6:9; 2Chr 29:34 ידו בֵּאלהים ׳וַיְח 1Sam 23:16 followed by בְּ Ezra 1:6 ( + בְּ instrumental)
3. make strong = bold, encourage, with accusative Deut 1:38; Deut 3:28; 2Sam 11:5; Isa 41:7 with accusative of person + ׳לַעֲבֹדַת בֵּית י 2Chr 35:2.
4. make firm: —
  a. with 2 accusative וְאַבְנֵ˜טְךָ אֲחַוְּקֶנּוּ Isa 22:21 and with thy sash (of office) will I make him firm, i.e. bind it firmly about him (|| הלבישׁ).
  b. make firm or fixed, = definitely adopt ֿ׳יח לָמוֺ דָּבָר רָע Ps 64:6.
5. make rigid, hard, i.e. perverse, obstinate, harden (the heart of any one) Exod 4:21; Exod 10:20; Exod 10:27 (all E), Exod 9:12; Exod 11:10; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:8; Exod 14:17 (all P), Josh 11:20 (D); see also פניהם מִסֶּלַע ׳ח Jer 5:3 . Hiph`il118 Perfect הֶחֱזִיק Judg 7:8 +; 3 feminine singular הֶחֱזִ֫יקָה Jer 49:24 +; suffix הֶחֱזִקָ֑תְנִי Jer 8:21 הֶחֱזַ֫קָתִּי Neh 5:16 + 3 t.; וְהַחֲזַקְתִּ֫י Ezek 30:23, etc.; Imperfect יַחֲזִיק Job 8:15 + 2 t.; 1 singular וְאַחְזֵק Isa 42:6 יַחֲזִיקוּ Jer 6:23 + 2 t.; יַחֲזִקוּ Dan 11:32, etc.; Imperative הַחֲזֵק 2Sam 11:25 + 2 t., etc.; Infinitive construct הַחֲזִיק 2Kgs 15:19; Isa 64:6 suffix הֶחֱזִיקִי Jer 31:32 (׳הַח Manuscript Petrop. see RSJPh xvi, 1888, 73); Participle מַחֲזִיק Exod 9:2 + 9 t.; suffix מַחֲזִקָהּ Dan 11:6 feminine singular מַחֲזֶקֶת Neh 4:11 plural מַחֲזִיקִים Neh 4:10 + 5 t.; construct מַחֲוִיקֵי Ezek 27:9; Ezek 27:27 —
1. a. make strong, strengthen Jer 51:12.
  b. make firm, the kingdom 2Kgs 15:19 ( + בְּיָדוֺ).
  c. display strength (late) 2Chr 26:8 (|| ׳וַיֵלֶךְ שְׁמוֺ עַד וגו), Dan 11:32 (|| וְעָשׂוּ).
2. make severe, of battle 2Sam 11:25.
3. followed by יד = support Ezek 16:49 followed by זְרוֺעוֺת Ezek 30:25 (subject ׳י; but Co reads Pi`el as vEzek 30:24) .
4. = repair, walls of Jerusalem, Neh 3:4 (3 t. in verse) + 31 t. Neh 3 compare (in general) participle used substantively מחזיקי בדקף Ezek 27:9; Ezek 27:27 of Tyre and her ships (|| מַלָּחִים, etc.)
5. prevail, absolute Dan 11:7 followed by עַל Job 18:9 prevail upon to בּוֺ לֶאֱכֹל ׳הח 2Kgs 4:8.
6. especially take or keep hold of, seize, grasp:
  a. take hold of, seize, catch, followed by בְּ Gen 19:4(J), Gen 21:18(E), Exod 4:4 (J; || אחז), Judg 7:20; 1Sam 15:27; 2Sam 1:11; 1Kgs 1:50; 1Kgs 2:28; 2Kgs 2:12; 2Kgs 4:27; Isa 4:1; Zech 8:23 (twice in verse); Prov 7:13; Prov 26:17, compare also Judg 19:25; Judg 19:29; 2Chr 28:15 with violence Deut 22:25; Deut 25:11; 1Sam 17:35 (perhaps of consecutive frequently, see Dr), 2Sam 2:16; 2Sam 13:11 followed by לְ 2Sam 15:5 figurative take hold in order to lead one (subject ׳י) followed by בְּ Jer 31:32, c accusative Isa 41:9; Isa 41:13 compare Isa 51:18 (בְּ; || נֵהֵל); followed by accusative Nah 3:14 take hold of the brick-mould, Jer 6:23 = Jer 50:42, Zech 14:13 (with violence), Ps 35:2; Neh 4:10; Neh 4:11, seize the kingdom Dan 11:21 in metaphor Mic 4:9 (הֶחֱזִיקֵךְ חִיל), Jer 6:24; Jer 8:21; Jer 49:24 (see Gie), Jer 50:43 of pious laying hold of ׳י, followed by בְּ Isa 64:6 compare Isa 27:5; Isa 56:2; Isa 56:4; Isa 56:6 of other gods 1Kgs 9:9 = 2Chr 7:22 laying hold of wisdom Prov 3:18, compare Prov 4:13; Job 2:3; Job 2:9; Job 27:6; Jer 8:5.
  b. have or keep hold of, followed by בְּ Judg 16:26; 2Sam 3:29; Jer 50:33; Neh 4:15.
  c. hold up, followed by בְּ, figurative = sustain, support Lev 25:35 of ׳י holding his servants Isa 42:6; Isa 45:1, compare Job 8:20 see also participle used substantively Dan 11:1 (|| מָעוֺז), vDan 11:6 (|| מֵבִיא, יֹלֵד); of Nehemiah holding fast to his (בְּ) his work Neh 5:16 compare of wicked, holding to his house Job 8:15 cleave or cling to (על) one's brethren Neh 10:30. hence
  c. keep, retain, followed by בְּ Exod 9:2 (J), Judg 7:8; Judg 19:4 so Ezek 7:13 Sm Co (ᵑ0 Hithpa`el); followed by anger (accusative) Mic 7:18.
  d. hence also hold, contain, followed by accusative 2Chr 4:5. Hithpa`el (especially Chronicles) Perfect הִתְחַזַּק 2Chr 13:7 + 3 t., etc., Imperfect וַיִּתְחַוֵּק Gen 48:2 + 7 t.; וַיִּתְחַזַּק 2Chr 21:4; 2Chr 32:5 יִתְחַזָּ֑קוּ Ezek 7:13 (but Sm Co read Hiph`il), etc.; Imperative הִתְחַוַּק 1Kgs 20:22 הִתְחַזְּקוּ 1Sam 4:9 Infinitive construct לְהִתְחַזֵּק 2Chr 13:8; 2Chr 16:9 Participle מִתְחַזֵּק 2Sam 3:6; Dan 10:21 plural מִתְחַזְּקִים 1Chr 11:10 —
1. strengthen oneself 2Sam 3:6; 1Kgs 20:22; 2Chr 1:1; 2Chr 12:13; 2Chr 13:21; 2Chr 21:4; 2Chr 23:1; 2Chr 25:11; 2Chr 27:6 followed by עַל against 2Chr 17:1 gain strength Ezra 7:28; Dan 10:19, compare ביהוה ׳הִתְח 1Sam 30:6 figurative= take courage 2Chr 15:8.
2. put forth strength, use one's strength Gen 48:2 (i.e. he exerted himself, he sat up by a great effort), Num 13:20; Judg 20:22; 1Sam 4:9; 2Sam 10:12; 1Chr 19:13; 2Chr 32:5.
3. followed by לִפְנֵי withstand 2Chr 13:7; 2Chr 13:8.
4. followed by עִם hold strongly with 1Chr 11:10; Dan 10:21, compare of ׳י, עִם לְבָבָם שָׁלֵם אֵלָיו ׳להתח 2Chr 16:9. — For יִתְחַזָּ֑קו Ezek 7:13 read Hiph`il, see Sm Co Da.

strong, repaired, hold, strengthened, strengthen, …
ḥāzaq
to fasten upon; hence, to seize, be strong (figuratively, courageous, causatively strengthen, cure, help, repair, fortify), obstinate; to bind, restrain, conquer
  • to strengthen, prevail, harden, be strong, become strong, be courageous, be firm, grow firm, be resolute, be sore
    • (Qal)
      • to be strong, grow strong
        • to prevail, prevail upon
          • "to be firm, be caught fast, be secure"to press, be urgent"to grow stout, grow rigid, grow hard (bad sense)"to be severe, be grievous
        to strengthen
      (Piel)
      • to make strong
        • "to restore to strength, give strength"to strengthen, sustain, encourage"to make strong, make bold, encourage"to make firm"to make rigid, make hard
      (Hiphil)
      • to make strong, strengthen
        • "to make firm"to display strength"to make severe"to support"to repair"to prevail, prevail upon"to have or take or keep hold of, retain, hold up, sustain, support"to hold, contain
      (Hithpael)
      • to strengthen oneself
        • "to put forth strength, use one's strength"to withstand"to hold strongly with

כֵן
כֵן
Root word foot, estate, base, office, place, …
Dictionary form: כֵּן · kane

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: well
and his foot ×7 his estate ×3 and the foot ×1 in his estate ×1 mine office ×1 of the base ×1 there was a base ×1 thy place ×1
More options
base — Most versatile; suits architectural/structural supports.
pedestal — Prefer for a formal, elevated stand or support.
stand — Natural modern word for a supporting platform or foot.
place — Suits figurative uses of position or office.
post — Good for an assigned role or official position.
foot — Retained for literal bottom/foundation contexts.

BDB3945 H3651 H3653 H3654

BDB3944 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3946

I. כֵּן adjective right, veritable, honest (properly firm, upright; Syriac recte PS1662) — absolute כֵּן Exod 10:29 + (on possibly construct see 2 near the end); plural כֵּנִים Gen 42:11; Gen 42:19; Gen 42:31; Gen 42:33; Gen 42:34 —

1. right, usually indecl., often as substantive a right thing, especially with vbb. dicendi Exod 10:29 (J) כֵּן דִּבַּרְתָּ, Num 27:7 כֵּן דֹּבְרֹת, Num 36:5 (both P); כֵּן יַאֲרִיךְ Prov 28:2 (the) right (i.e. order and justice) shall last long (see De Now VB); = adverb aright, of pronunciation Judg 12:6 also with verb agendi Eccl 8:10 (on Isa 33:23 see III. כֵּן below כנן); right well Ps 65:10 (Che; al. = so); with לֹא, as adjective, not right דְּבָרִים אֲשֶׁר לֹאכֵֿן 2Kgs 17:9 things which were not right (verb agendi); of heart of a fool Prov 15:7; Jer 23:10 as substantive = what is not right, upright Jer 8:6 with verb agendi לֹאכֵֿן 2Kgs 7:9 that which is not right we are doing, Jer 48:30 b.
2. veritable, true, כֵּןצְֿדָקָה Prov 11:19 the veritable of righteousness = true righteousness; Isa 16:6 = Jer 48:30 a may be either their boastings are not true or (Thes Che Di Du Gr Gie and others) the untruth of their boastings (לֹאכֵֿן as compound construct); absolute, in assent to something already said, Right! Correct! True! Josh 2:4.
3. plural concrete honest (men) Gen 42:11; Gen 42:19; Gen 42:31; Gen 42:33; Gen 42:34 (all E). — II. כֵּן thus, so, see below; III. כֵּן place, base, see below כנן; IV. [כֵּן], כִּנִּם, כִּנָּם, see below כנן.

BDB4077 H3651 H3653 H3654

BDB4076 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4078

II. כֵּן see כון; III. כֵּן see I. כנן; IV. כֵּן see II. כנן. p. 467, below

BDB4082 H3653

BDB4081 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4083

III. כֵּן noun masculine base, pedestal, office (Late Hebrew כַּנָּה; Aramaic כַּנְתָּא, ) — absolute ׳כ Isa 33:23; 1Kgs 7:31 (but see below); suffix כַּנּוֺ Exod 30:18 + 11 t.; כַּנֶּ֑ךָ Gen 40:13 כַּנִּי Gen 41:13 —

1. literally base, pedestal, 1Kgs 7:31 (like) the work of a pedestal (Th VB), according to StaZAW iii, 1883, 161, 162 מַעֲשֵׂהכֵֿן is in wrong place, being originally part of a gloss to v1Kgs 7:35 — ׳כ in v1Kgs 7:29 = thus, or is text error; — כֵּןתָּֿרְנָם Isa 33:23 the base (supportor socket) of their mast (so Thes and most); especially of base of laver of tabernacle Exod 30:18; Exod 30:28; Exod 31:9; Exod 35:16; Exod 38:8; Exod 39:39; Exod 40:11; Lev 8:11 (all P).
2. office, place Gen 40:13; Gen 41:13 (both E); hence (late) עַלכַּֿנּוֺ in his place Dan 11:20; Dan 11:21; Dan 11:38 (i.e. in his stead, as his successor, compare German an seiner Stelle); עַל omitted vDan 11:7.

foot, estate, base, office, place, …
kēn
a stand, i.e., pedestal or station
  • base, stand, pedestal, office, foot, place, estate
    • base, pedestal
      • "office, place

תָּרְנָ ם֙
תָּרְנָ
Root word beacon, mast, masts
ם֙
Suffix — pronoun their / them
Dictionary form: תֹּרֶן · toh-REN

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: their mast
as a beacon ×1 masts ×1 their mast ×1
More options
mast — Primary nautical sense; most common contextual meaning.
pole — Broader term when nautical context is unclear.
signal pole — Emphasizes the beacon/marker function in Isaiah 30:17.
flagpole — Useful when a banner or standard is raised on it.
beacon — Highlights the landmark or warning-signal nuance.

BDB9252 H8650

BDB9251 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB9253

תֹּ֫רֶן noun masculine mast (Late Hebrew id.; √ unknown; HoffmPhoenician Inscr. 27 f. conjecture תארן, from ארן, see אֹרֶן); — absolute ׳ת, of Tyre as ship Ezek 27:5 עַלרֿאֹשׁ הָהָר ׳ת Isa 30:17 (|| נֵם), i.e. a (solitary) standard-pole, flag-staff; suffix תָּרְנָם Isa 33:23 (|| נֵם חֲבָלִים.

תַּרְעֵלָה see [רעל].

beacon, mast, masts
tōren
a pole (as a mast or flagstaff)
  • beacon, mast, flagpole

בַּל
בַּל
Particle not
Dictionary form: בַּל · bahl

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: they could not
not ×7 shall not ×5 they shall not ×5 he shall not ×3 nor ×3 i shall not ×2 neither ×2 that they may not ×2
More options
not — General negation; suits most poetic and prose contexts.
never — Stresses absolute or emphatic negation; strong assertion.
nor — Use when continuing a negative clause in a series.
cannot — Highlights inability rather than mere negation.
no — Blunt, forceful denial; works well before a noun or verb.
nothing — Use when בַּל negates an implied object or quantity.

BDB1126 H1077

BDB1125 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1127

בַּל69 adverb not (Phoenician id.: e.g. CISi. 165, 15 בל יכן לכהן shall not be for the priest; :3, 3 בל עתי = before my time) a poetic synonym of לֹא, of comparatively rare occurrence, Hos 7:2; Hos 9:16 (Qr) Isa 14:21; Isa 35:9; Isa 43:17; Prov 9:13; Prov 14:7; Prov 19:23; Prov 22:29; Prov 23:7; Prov 23:35 (twice in verse); Prov 24:23; 1Chr 16:30 ( = Ps 96:10), only besides, except in the passages cited, in other Psalms: often repeated in the same context, as Isa 26:10 (twice in verse); Isa 26:11; Isa 26:14 (twice in verse); Isa 26:18 (twice in verse); Isa 33:20 (twice in verse); Isa 33:21; Isa 33:23 (twice in verse); Isa 33:24; Isa 44:8; Isa 44:9 (3 t. in verse); Ps 10:4; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:15; Ps 10:18; Ps 16:2; Ps 16:4 (twice in verse); Ps 16:8; Ps 17:3 (twice in verse); Ps 17:5; Ps 21:3; Ps 21:8; Ps 21:12 also used often with אֶמּוֺט, יִמּוֺט, תִּמּוֺט Ps 10:6; Ps 16:8; Ps 21:8; Ps 30:7; Ps 46:6; Ps 93:1; Ps 96:10; Ps 104:5; Prov 10:30; Prov 12:3; Job 41:15. In Isa 40:24 it is probably that it acquires from the context the sense of hardly: yea, hardly are they planted, yea, hardly are they sown ..., when he even bloweth upon them, and they wither; compare לֹא 2Kgs 20:4. Joined anomalously with an infin., Ps 32:9 בַּל קְרוֺב אֵלֶיךָ (else) there is not coming nigh thee (i.e. else they will not approach thee).

not, nor, neither, no, cannot, …
bal
properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually (adverb) not at all; also lest
  • not, hardly, else

פָּ֣רְשׂוּ
פָּ֣רְשׂוּ
Root word spread, forth, out, abroad, spreadeth, …
Dictionary form: פָּרַשׂ · paw-RAHS

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: spread
and spread ×7 and spread forth ×4 spread ×4 and they shall spread ×3 and shall spread ×2 spread forth ×2 spreadeth forth ×2 they shall spread ×2
More options
spread — Most versatile; covers wings, nets, garments, hands.
stretch out — Prefer when extending hands or arms toward something.
unfurl — Vivid for wings or sails being spread wide.
open wide — Good for hands or palms spread in prayer or supplication.
lay out — Suits spreading a cloth, garment, or covering flat.
scatter — Use when the spreading implies dispersal over an area.

BDB6823 H6566

BDB6822 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6824

פָּרַשׂ verb spread out, spread (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic ᵑ7 פְּרַס (rare), Syriac ; compare Assyrian parašu, fly (derived species; properly spread [wings]); see also NöZA i. 417); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳פ Lam 1:10 +; 2 masculine singular וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֫ Job 11:13; Ruth 3:9, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִפְרשֹׁ Deut 32:11 +; 3 feminine singular וַתִּפְרשֹׁ 2Sam 17:19, etc.; Participle active פּוֺרֵשׂ Prov 29:5 etc.; passive פָּרֻשׂ Joel 2:2 feminine singular פְּרוּשָׂה Hos 5:1 plural פְּרֻשׂוֺת 1Kgs 8:54 —
1. spread out a garment (שִׂמְלָה) Judg 8:25, + לִפְנֵי person Deut 22:17 — wings Deut 32:11; 1Kgs 6:27 (read כַּנְפֵיהֶם ᵐ5 Sta Kmp Kit Benz), + עַל Jer 49:22 (fig), + אֶל Jer 48:40; 1Kgs 8:7 = 2Chr 5:3 (עַל), + ל Job 39:26, לְמַעְלָה Exod 25:20; Exod 37:9 wings omitted 1Chr 28:18 and perhaps 2Chr 3:13 (strike out כַּנְפֵי Be); of ׳י, עָלָיו אוֺרוֺ ׳פ Job 36:30 spread out writing, לִפְנֵי Pers. 2Kgs 19:14 = Isa 37:14; Ezek 2:10 sail Isa 33:23 fishingnet, מִכְמֶרֶת Isa 19:8 (עַל location); net (רֶשֶׁת) as snare, figurative Hos 5:1 (עַל location), Ps 140:6, לְרַגְלַי Lam 1:13, with עַל person Hos 7:12 (of ׳י, Ezek 12:13 = Ezek 17:20; Ezek 19:8; Ezek 32:3, עַלעְֲָֿמָיו Prov 29:5 כַּפַּיִם ׳פ in prayer, + אַל Exod 9:29; Exod 9:33 (J), 1Kgs 8:38 = 2Chr 6:29; Ezra 9:5; Job 11:13, +, ל Ps 44:21, +, הַשָּׁמַיִם 1Kgs 8:22 = 2Chr 6:13 (הַשָּׁמָ֑יְמָה), 1Kgs 8:54, no complem. 2Chr 6:12 of almsgiving, כַּפָּהּ פָּֽרְשָׂה לֶעָנִי Prov 31:20 יַד ׳פ, with עַל of thing, Lam 1:10 of enemy's greed (si vera lectio, see Bu); spread out = display וּכְסִיל יִפְרשֹׁ אִוֶּלֶת Prov 13:16.
2. spread covering over 2Sam 17:19 (מָסָךְ + עַלפְּֿנֵי of thing), הַמַּכְבֵּר over (עַל) face of another 2Kgs 8:15, כָּנָף skirt, עַל person Ruth 3:9; Ezek 16:8 (figurative of ׳י); בֶּגֶּד with עַל of thing Num 4:7; Num 4:8 :Num 4:11; Num 4:13 with מִלְמָ֑עְלָה v6; כְּסוּי with עַל of thing vNum 4:14 אֶתהָֿאֹהֶל, with עַלהַֿמִּשְׁכָּן Exod 40:19 שַׁחַר פָּרֻשׂ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Joel 2:2 of ׳י עָנָן ׳פ לְמָסָךְ Ps 105:39. — Mic 3:3; Lam 4:4 see פָּרַס. Niph`al Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִכָר֑שׂוּ Ezek 17:21 they shall be scattered לְכָלרֿוּחַ; Ezek 34:12 read probably Participle צאֹן נִפְרָשׂוֺת for שׁוֺת-, Hä Krae; on emendation of context see especially Toy Krae). Pi`el Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וּפֵרַשׂ Isa 25:11 etc. Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְפָרֵשׂ v11, 3 feminine singular תְּפָרֵשׂ Jer 4:31 Infinitive cstr פָּרֵשׂ Ps 68:15, suffixפָּרִשְׂכֶם Isa 1:15 —
1. spread out:
  a. with accusative כַּפַיִם in prayer Isa 1:15; Jer 4:31 so with יָדַיִם Ps 143:6 (׳אֶליֿ), and of ׳י entreating people Isa 65:2 (אֶל); צִיוֹן בְּיָדֶיהָ ׳פ Lam 1:17.
  b. spread out hands as in swimming Isa 25:11, and (יָדַיִם omitted) vIsa 25:11.
2. = scatter, (?) subject ׳י, with accusative of person Zech 2:10 (ᵐ5 We Now קִבַּצְתִּי מִ֖, yet see GASm); Ps 68:15, in doubtful connection.

spread, forth, out, abroad, spreadeth, …
pāraś
to break apart, disperse, etc
  • to spread, spread out, stretch, break in pieces
    • (Qal)
      • to spread out, display
        • "to spread over
      (Niphal) to be scattered, be spread out"(Piel)
      • to scatter

נֵ֔ס
נֵ֔ס
Root word standard, ensign, pole, sail, banner, …
Dictionary form: נֵס · nase

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: the sail
a standard ×3 an ensign ×3 the standard ×3 a banner ×2 a pole ×2 a sign ×1 and as an ensign ×1 for an ensign ×1
More options
banner — Modernized KJV form; vivid, widely understood in context.
signal pole — Emphasizes the tall, raised function for rallying people.
standard — Military/ceremonial register; suits battle or tribal contexts.
flag — Most accessible modern term; best for general audiences.
ensign — Nautical or heraldic tone; retain when dignity is paramount.
rallying sign — Functional gloss; good when the gathering purpose is central.

BDB5242 H5251 H3071

BDB5241 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5243

נֵס noun [masculine] standard, ensign, signal, sign (Late Hebrew id., flag, usually sign, i.e. miracle; ᵑ7 נֵס, נִסָּא sign, miracle); — ׳נ absolute Num 21:8 +; construct Isa 11:10 suffix נִסִּי Exod 17:15; Isa 49:22 —

1. a. standard, as rallying-point, נִסִּי ׳י Exod 17:15 (E), ׳י my standard (name of altar); conspicuously set on hill Isa 30:17 (simile of solitariness; || תֹּרֶן עַלרֿאֹשׁ הָהָר); signal of war [see SchumacherZPV ix. 232, Across the Jordan, 104 f.] (especially to the nations, for destruction or deliverance of Judah, Isaiah Jeremiah), לַגּוֺיִם ׳נָשָׂא נ Isa 5:26; Isa 11:12 compare Isa 18:3 (on mountains, || תָּקַע שׁוֺפָר); אֶלעַֿמִּים ׳אָרִים נ Isa 49:22 (|| אֶשָּׂא אֶלגּֿוֺיִם יָדִי), — in all these subject ׳י; compare עֹמֵד לְנֵס עַמִּים Isa 10:11 (of Messianic king); ׳שְׂאוּ נ Isa 13:2 (on mountain), Jer 50:2; Jer 51:12 (with אֶלֿ against), vJer 51:27 (|| תִּקְעוּ שׁוֺפָר בַּגּוֺיִם), עַלעַֿמִּים ׳הָרִימוּ נ Isa 62:10, compare Jer 4:21 (|| קוֺל שׁוֺפָר); לְהִתְנוֺסֵס ׳נָתַתָּהנ֗֗֗ Ps 60:6 thou hast set a standard (only) for fleeing.
  b. signal, צִיּ֫וֺנָה ׳שְׂאוּ נ Jer 4:6 (i.e. to direct refugees to Zion).
2. standard, as pole, supporting serpent of bronze Num 21:8; Num 21:9 (JE).
3. a. ensign, signal, שֵׁשׁמִ֗֗֗מִּצְרַיִם הָיָה מִפְרָשֵׁךְ לִהְיוֺת לָךְ לְנֵס Ezek 27:7 byssus from Egypt was thy sail, to serve thee for an ensign (so DaToy; on lack of pennon on ancient ships see Co; > strike out Co Berthol); so
  b. (since sails were the only ensign) = sail Isa 33:23 (Che Di and others; > pennon Ges Hi Ew De Du).
4. sign (compare Late Hebrew) = warning Num 26:10 (P).

standard, ensign, pole, sail, banner, …
nēs
a flag; also a sail; by implication, a flagstaff; generally a signal; figuratively, a token
  • something lifted up, standard, signal, signal pole, ensign, banner, sign, sail
    • standard (as rallying point), signal
      • "standard (pole)"ensign, signal

אָ֣ז
אָ֣ז
Adverb then, time, since, beginning, even, …
Dictionary form: אָז · awdz

Adverb

In the KJV here: then
then ×88 was then ×6 and then ×3 that then ×3 from the beginning ×2 him then ×2 since ×2 and i then ×1
More options
then — Default choice for sequential or temporal 'then'.
at that time — More explicit; useful when context needs clarity.
since — Prefer when marking a starting point extending to now.
from that point on — Emphasizes ongoing duration from a past moment.
formerly — Good for retrospective or 'in earlier times' contexts.
in those days — Slightly narrative; suits historical or story passages.

BDB254 H227

BDB253 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB255

אָז adverb (compare , also Biblical Aramaic אֱדַיִן properly a substantive = time; see מֵאָז) at that time, then, whether expressing duration, or inception (= thereupon).

1. strictly temporal:
  a. of past time: — without a verb Gen 12:6; Gen 13:7; Josh 14:11; 2Sam 23:14 with a perfect Gen 4:26; Exod 4:26; Josh 10:33; Judg 8:3; Judg 13:21; Jer 22:15 אָז טוֺב לוֺ then was it well to him (compare vJer 22:16; Hos 2:9); more usually (especially when = thereupon) with an imperfect (see Dr§ 27) Exod 15:1; Num 21:17; Josh 8:30; Josh 10:12; Josh 22:1; 1Kgs 3:16; 1Kgs 8:1; 1Kgs 9:11 (see DrIntr.192) and elsewhere.
  b. of future time (usually where some emphasis is intended), with imperfect Isa 35:5; Isa 35:6; Isa 60:5; Mic 3:4, rather differently Lev 26:41; 1Sam 20:12 rarely with perfect 2Sam 5:24b (will have gone forth) Isa 33:23: with an accompanying logical force, implying the fulfilment of a condition, then = if or when this has been done (with the imperfect) Gen 24:41; Exod 12:44; Exod 12:48; Deut 29:19; Josh 1:8; 1Sam 6:3; Isa 58:8; Isa 58:9; Jer 11:15 Hi Ke Ps 19:14; Ps 51:21; Prov 3:23; Job 11:15; Job 13:20; Job 22:26.
  c. in poetry אז is sometimes used to throw emphasis on a particular feature of the description Gen 49:4; Exod 15:15; Judg 5:8; Judg 5:11; Judg 5:13; Judg 5:19; Judg 5:22; Isa 33:23; Isa 41:1; Hab 1:11; Ps 2:5; Ps 96:12.
  d. it points back with emphasis to an infinitive with בּ 2Sam 5:24 a Ps 126:2 (twice in verse); Job 28:27; Job 33:16 to בַּיּוֺם הַהוּא (anomalously) 1Chr 16:7.
2. expressing logical sequence strictlyd: in the apodosis: — after אם (rare) for sake of special emphasis Isa 58:14; Prov 2:5; Job 9:31 = in that case, after לוּ or לוּלֵא 2Sam 2:27 hadst thou not spoken, כִּי אָז surely then had the people, etc. 2Sam 19:7; Ps 119:92 after אחלי 2Kgs 5:3; Ps 119:6 after a suppressed protasis 2Kgs 13:19; Job 3:13 יָשַׁנְתִּי אָז יָנוּחַ לִי I had slept, then were there rest for me; Josh 22:31 (strangely) = now, as things are; Eccl 2:15 = that being so. (122 t., besides מאז and מןאֿז. Seldom used except where some special emphasis is de-sired. 'Then' of AV RV more commonly repre-sents וְ, especially in the apodosis.)

then, time, since, beginning, even, …
ʾāz
at that time or place; also as a conjunction, therefore
  • then, at that time
    • temporal expressions
      • then (past)
        • "then, if...then (future)"earlier
      logical expressions
      • in that case
        • "that (being so)

חֻלַּ֤ק
חֻלַּ֤ק
Root word divided, divide, flattereth, part, parted, …
Dictionary form: חָלַק · haw-LAHK

Verb — Pual, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular intensive passive — "it was thoroughly done" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: divided
divided ×5 shall be divided ×4 hath divided ×3 i will divide ×3 and he dealt ×2 divide ×2 which flattereth ×2 and didst divide ×1
More options
divide — Most general; fits legal, territorial, and narrative contexts.
distribute — Prefer when portions are allocated to a group.
apportion — Formal; ideal for allotments, inheritances, and land distribution.
share out — Informal register; good for communal or everyday sharing contexts.
flatter — Use for the idiomatic 'smooth speech' / flattery sense.
split — Vivid, concrete; suits physical division or conflict contexts.

BDB2810 H2505

BDB2809 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2811

I. חָלַק verb divide, share (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic חֲלַק field, חוּלְּקָא portion, divide, determine, decree; Arabic measure, measure off; Assyrian e‡lu, possession, field, JägerBAS ii. 296; Ethiopic : 1. 2, is enumerate, enumeration, number) —

Qal Perfect ׳ה Deut 4:19 + 5 t.; חָֽלְקוּ Josh 18:2 Imperfect יַחֲלֹק Job 27:17; Prov 17:2 2 masculine singular suffix וַתַּחְלְקֵם Neh 9:22 3 plural וַיַּחְלְקוּ Josh 14:5 יַחֲלֹ֑קוּ 1Sam 30:24 וַיַּחְלְקוּם 1Chr 24:4; 1Chr 24:5 תַּחְלְקוּ 2Sam 19:30 Imperative חִלְקוּ Josh 22:8 Infinitive לַחֲלֹק Neh 13:13 Participle חוֺלֵק Prov 29:24 —
1. divide, apportion, followed by accusative (of gods) and לְ person Deut 4:19; Deut 29:25 accusative not expressed Neh 13:13 (reference to offerings and tithes); with accusative (of land) Josh 14:5 (P), Josh 18:2 (JE), 2Sam 19:30: object people Neh 9:22 עִם ׳ח divide with others Josh 22:8 (D ?).
2. assign, distribute : Levites over (על) temple 2Chr 23:18, compare 1Chr 24:4; 1Chr 24:5.
3. assign, impart, followed by בִּינָה & לְ Job 39:17.
4. share (in), followed by accusative silver Job 27:17 inheritance Prov 17:2 spoil 1Sam 30:24 (object omitted); followed by עם have shares with עם גַּנָּב ׳ח Prov 29:24.
5. divide up = plunder the temple, followed by accusative 2Chr 28:21 (see Be). Niph`al Imperfect יֵחָלֵק Num 26:55; 1Kgs 16:21 יֵחָ֫לֶק Job 38:24 וַיֵּחָלֵק Gen 14:15 3 feminine singular תֵּחָלֵק Num 26:53; Num 26:56 וֶַ˜יּחָלְקֵם (Baer) 1Chr 23:6; 1Chr 24:3 compare Be & below below Pi`el; —
1. reflexive, divide oneself Gen 14:15 (i.e. one's men).
2. passive be divided:
  a. apportioned, the land Num 26:53; Num 26:55 (by lot) vNum 26:56 (id.); all P.
  b. of people, divided into two factions 1Kgs 16:21.
  c. of light, parted, spread abroad Job 38:24.
3. transitive assign, distribute 1Chr 23:6; 1Chr 24:3, but transitive Niph`al is unlikely, see below Pi`el Perfect 3 plural חִלְּקוּ Joel 1Chr 4:2 וְחִלַּקְתֶּם consecutive Ezek 47:21 suffix חִלְּקָם Lam 4:16 3 feminine singular suffix חִלְּקַ֫תָּה Isa 34:17 2 masculine singular suffix וְחִלַּקְתָּם Ezek 5:1 — Imperfect יְחַלֵּק Gen 49:27 + 4 t., etc.; probably read יְחַלְּקֵם 1Chr 23:6; 1Chr 24:3 (see above Niph`al), etc.; Imperative חַלֵּק Josh 13:7 Infinitive חַלֵּק Josh 19:51; Prov 16:19 suffix חַלְּקָם Isa 9:2 —
1. divide, apportion: food, at festival 2Sam 6:19, followed by accusative & לְ = 1Chr 16:3, garments Ps 22:19, sorrows Job 21:17 (no לְ); give a portion to, followed by לְ (no accusative expressed) Isa 53:12 a land Joel 4:2 (no indirect object) Josh 19:51 (P), also Mic 2:4; Ps 60:8 = Ps 108:8, Dan 11:39 followed by accusative & לְ Josh 13:7; Josh 18:10; 1Kgs 18:6; Isa 34:17; Ezek 47:21 divide hair (symbolic) Ezek 5:1 divide spoil (שָׁלָל) Isa 9:2; Prov 16:19; Gen 49:27 (poem), Exod 15:9 (song); Judg 5:30; Ps 68:13; Isa 53:12.
2. assign, distribute: Levites to their service, probably 1Chr 23:6; 1Chr 24:3 (see above)
3. scatter, followed by accusative Gen 49:7 (poem) (|| הפיץ), Lam 4:16. Pu`al Perfect חֻלַּק Isa 33:23 וְחֻלַּק consecutive Zech 14:1 Imperfect 3 feminine singular תְּחֻלָּ֑ק Amos 7:17 be divided, of land Amos 7:17 spoil Isa 33:23; Zech 14:1. Hithpa`el Perfect וְהִתְחַלְּקוּ consecutive Josh 18:5 divide (land) among themselves. Hiph`il Infinitive לַחֲלִק Jer 37:12 to receive a portion (denominative from חֵלֶק), but dubious

BDB2821 H2505

BDB2820 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2822

II. חָלַק verb be smooth, slippery (Late Hebrew adjective חָלָק smooth, empty, Arabic make smooth, lie, forge, fabricate) —

Qal Perfect ׳ח Hos 10:2 3 masculine plural חָֽלְקוּ Ps 55:22 — smooth, slippery, only figurative: Hos 10:2 of heart of faithless Israel (so Ew Ke Wü Now RVm), We false; >Vrss (not ᵐ5) Hi St who read חֻלַּק, divided is their heart; ᵐ5 ἐμέρισαν; of words, smooth Ps 55:22 i.e. deceptive (|| רַכּוּ דְבָרָיו מִשֶּׁמֶן). Hiph`il Perfect הֶחֱלִיק Ps 36:3, הֶחֱלִיקָה Prov 2:16; Prov 7:5 Imperfect יַחֲלִיקוּן Ps 5:10 Participle מַחֲלִיק Prov 28:23 + 2 t.; make smooth:
1. literally of idol-maker Isa 41:7 with accusative instrument פַּטִּישׁ hammer.
2. figurative the tongue, i.e. flatter with it Ps 5:10; Prov 28:23, words Prov 2:16; Prov 7:5 אֲמָרֶיהָ הֶחֱלִיקָה; absolute deal smoothly, followed by אֶלֿ Ps 36:3, עַל Prov 29:5.

BDB9529 H2508 H2505

BDB9528 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9530

חֲלָק noun [masculine] portion, possession, lot (see Biblical Hebrew); — absolute ׳ח possession in land Ezra 4:16 suffix חֲלְקֵהּ Dan 4:12; Dan 4:20, i.e. his appointed lot.

divided, divide, flattereth, part, parted, …
ḥālaq
to be smooth (figuratively); by implication (as smooth stones were used for lots) to apportion or separate
  • to divide, share, plunder, allot, apportion, assign
    • (Qal)
      • to divide, apportion
        • "to assign, distribute"to assign, impart"to share"to divide up, plunder
      (Niphal)
      • to divide oneself
        • "to be divided"to assign, distribute
      (Piel)
      • to divide, apportion
        • "to assign, distribute"to scatter
      (Pual) to be divided"(Hiphil) to receive a portion or part"(Hithpael) to divide among themselves
    to be smooth, slippery, deceitful
    • (Qal) to be smooth, slippery
      • "(Hiphil)
      • to be smooth
        • "to flatter

עַֽד
עַֽד
Root word prey
Dictionary form: עַד · ad

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: is the prey
is the prey ×1 the prey ×1 to the prey ×1
More options
prey — Most direct equivalent; suitable in most contexts.
plunder — Emphasizes seized goods; good for warfare contexts.
spoil — Collective sense of captured goods or animals.
booty — Military register; goods taken after victory.
quarry — Highlights the hunted target, animal or human.

BDB5807 H5706

BDB5806 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5808

II. עַד noun [masculine] booty, prey (upon which one advances, falls);

**compare ᵑ7 עֲדִי booty, Isa 10:2; Isa 33:23 + — יאֹכַל עַד Gen 49:27 devour prey (|| שָׁלָל); עַד שָׁלָל מַרְבֶּה Isa 33:23 prey of great spoil; קוּמִי לְעַד Zeph 3:8 (of God) my rising up to the prey (BrMp); אֲבִי עַד Isa 9:5 father i.e. distributor) of booty (Hi Kn Kue BrMp Du CheHpt; > Ges Ew Di and others everlasting father).

prey
ʿad
booty
  • booty, prey

שָׁלָל֙
שָׁלָל֙
Root word spoil, prey, spoils
Dictionary form: שָׁלָל · shaw-LAWL

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: spoil
the spoil ×21 spoil ×9 a spoil ×5 and the spoil ×4 of the spoil ×4 a prey ×2 and to take the spoil ×2 for a prey ×2
More options
plunder — Most natural modern term for goods seized in conflict.
loot — Informal; vivid for large-scale looting scenes.
booty — Traditional military term; still widely understood.
spoils — Plural sense; fits 'spoils of war' idiom well.
prey — Emphasizes the victim or target, not just the goods.
pillage — Stresses the violent act; better as verb than noun.

BDB8732 H7998

BDB8731 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8733

שָׁלָל75 noun masculine1Sam 30:16 prey, spoil, plunder, booty; — absolute ׳שׁ Gen 49:27 +; construct שְׁלַל Judg 5:30 +, suffix שְׁלָלֵךְ Zech 14:1, שְׁלַלְכֶם Isa 33:4, etc.; —

1. prey, of Benjamin as wolf Gen 49:27 (poem in J; with חִלֵּק).
2. booty, spoil of war, of all kinds (often || בַּז): including garments, gold and silver Josh 7:21 (J), ornaments Judg 8:24; Judg 8:25, fabrics and women Judg 5:30 a, b, flocks and herds 1Sam 30:20; Jer 49:32; 2Chr 15:11, + persons Deut 20:14 (twice in verse), garments, food and drink 2Chr 28:15, etc. (58 t.; among these) שְׁלַל הֶעָרִים Deut 2:25; 2Sam 12:30; 1Chr 20:2 and (+ cattle in addition) Deut 3:7; Josh 8:27; Josh 11:14 (both RD), compare (also of city) Isa 8:4; Deut 13:17 (twice in verse); Zech 14:1 and (+ cattle) Josh 8:2 (RD), but including person and cattle Deut 20:14, compare vDeut 20:14 figurative of entire nation Jer 50:10; Ezek 7:21; Zech 2:13 ׳שׁ in symbolic proper name ׳מַהֵר שָׁלָל וגו Isa 8:1; Isa 8:3, see above p.555:a; ׳שׁ in metaphor of future majesty of ׳עֶבֶד י Isa 53:12 ׳וְהֳיְתָהאלּוֺ נַפְשׁוֺ לְשׁ i.e. life shall be spared, Jer 21:9; Jer 38:2; Jer 39:18, compare Jer 45:5.
3. private plunder Isa 10:2 (אַלְמָנוֺת שְׁלָלָם), Prov 1:13 and (perhaps in current saying) Prov 16:19.
4. = gain Prov 31:11. — ׳לְצַוִּארֵי שׁ Judg 5:30 c is clearly wrong; meaning dubious (see especially GFM); plausible conjectures are ׳לְצַוָּארַי שׁ for my neck as spoil, ReussBr and others, and לְצַוְּארֵי שֵׁגָל for the neck of the queen Ew Be Kit and others (but שֵׁגָל elsewhere late); Now strike out שָׁלָל and reads לְצַוָּארָיו.

spoil, prey, spoils
šālāl
booty
  • prey, plunder, spoil, booty
    • prey
      • "booty, spoil, plunder (of war)"plunder (private)"gain (meaning dubious)

מַרְבֶּ֔ה
מַרְבֶּ֔ה
Root word great, increase
Dictionary form: מַרְבֶה · mahr-BEH

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of a great
of a great ×1 of the increase ×1
More options
abundance — Broad, common choice for large quantity or plenty.
growth — Prefer when the context emphasizes ongoing increase.
great amount — Plain descriptive phrase; fits narrative prose well.
expansion — Use when territorial or numerical enlargement is in view.
multiplication — Highlights the process of multiplying or growing rapidly.

BDB7709 H4766

BDB7708 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7710

מַרְבֶּה noun [masculine]

1.abundance; — absolute ׳מ Isa 33:23, as adverb, in abundance.
2. increase (?), construct לְםַרְבֵּה (sic) Isa 9:6 for the increase of the dominion (take לם as dittograph of foregoing, and read רַבָּה, ᵐ5 Gr Che Kit BuhlLex Marti; Du לְמַרְבֵךְ, in view of following לְשָׂלוֺם).

great, increase
marbe
properly, increasing; as noun, greatness, or (adverbially) greatly
  • abundance, increase
    • abundance
      • "increase

פִּסְחִ֖ים
פִּסְחִ֖ים
Root word lame
Dictionary form: פִּסֵּחַ · pis-SAY-ah

Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the lame
and the lame ×5 the lame ×2 a lame ×1 and was lame ×1 as if it be lame ×1 is lame ×1 of the lame ×1 shall the lame ×1
More options
lame — Direct modern equivalent; still widely understood and used.
crippled — Emphasizes physical disability; slightly stronger than 'lame'.
disabled — Neutral, inclusive modern term for mobility impairment.
limping — Captures active, visible gait; good for narrative contexts.
unable to walk — Plain descriptive phrase; clearest for general audiences.
mobility-impaired — Clinical register; suits formal or accessibility-focused translations.

BDB6698 H6455

BDB6697 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6699

פִּסֵּחַ adjective lame; — absolute ׳פ 2Sam 9:13 +; plural פִּסְחִים 2Sam 5:6 +; — as attributive Lev 21:18 (+עִוֵּר); predicate 2Sam 19:27, שְׁתֵּי רַגְלָיו ׳פ 2Sam 9:13 lame as to both his feet; compare also (of animal) Deut 15:21 (+עִוֵּר); as substantive 2Sam 5:6; 2Sam 5:8 (twice in verse); Jer 31:8; Mal 1:8; Mal 1:13; Job 29:15 (all + עִוֵּר), also Isa 33:23; Isa 35:6; Prov 26:7.

lame
pissēaḥ
lame
  • lame

בָּ֥זְזוּ
בָּ֥זְזוּ
Root word spoil, prey, spoiled, take, rob, …
Dictionary form: בָּזַז · baw-DZAHDZ

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: take
and spoiled ×3 and to take ×2 of them for a prey ×2 took for a prey ×2 and make a prey ×1 and spoil ×1 and take ×1 and that they may rob ×1
More options
plunder — Most broadly useful; standard modern term for taking spoils.
loot — Vivid, colloquial; suits lawless or chaotic ransacking contexts.
pillage — Emphasizes violent, systematic stripping; good for warfare scenes.
rob — Highlights the victim's loss; fits personal or smaller-scale theft.
ransack — Stresses thorough searching and taking; good for raided homes/cities.
strip bare — Captures total despoiling; useful when completeness is emphasized.

BDB988 H962

BDB987 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB989

בָּזַז verb spoil, plunder (Arabic , Aramaic ; Amharic perhaps Ethiopic rescue PräBAS i. 33) —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular וּבָזַז (consecutive) Ezek 29:19 3 plural בָּֽזְַזוּ Num 31:53 + 7 t.; בָּזָ֑זוּ Num 31:9 suffix וּבְזָזוּם consecutive Jer 20:5 1 plural בָּזַזְנוּ Deut 2:35 בַּזּוֺנוּ Deut 3:7 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תָּבֹז Deut 20:14, plural יָ֫בֹזּוּ Isa 10:2 + 2 t.; וַיָּ֫בֹזּוּ Gen 34:27 + 4 t.; suffix יְבָזּוּם Zeph 2:9 2 masculine plural תָּבֹ֫זוּ Josh 8:2 1 plural cohortative נָבֹ֫זָה 1Sam 14:36 (compare Ges«GKC:67»§ 67 R. 11); Imperative בֹּ֫זּוּ Nah 2:10 (twice in verse); Infinitive construct בֹּז Isa 10:6 + 3 t.; בּוֺז Esth 3:13; Esth 8:11 Participle active plural ˜בְֹּזַזִים Isa 42:24; 2Chr 20:25 suffix ˜בְֹּזַזַיִךְ Jer 30:16, ˜בְֹּזַזֵינוּ Isa 17:14, ˜בְֹּזַזֵיהֶם Ezek 39:10 passive בָּזוּז Isa 42:22 — spoil = take as spoil, with accusative of thing Num 31:9; Deut 2:35 (with לְ & reflexive suffix) Jer 20:5; Ezek 26:12; Nah 2:10; Ps 109:11 oftener with accusative of congnate meaning with verb, בַּז Num 31:32; Isa 10:6 (|| שָׁלַל שָׁלָל, as often) Isa 33:23; Ezek 29:19; Ezek 38:12; Ezek 38:13 בִּזָּה 2Chr 25:13 שָׁלָל Deut 3:7; Deut 20:14 (both followed by לְ with reflexive suffix) 2Chr 20:25 (twice in verse); 2Chr 28:8; Esth 3:13; Esth 8:11 בהמה & שׁלל Josh 8:2; Josh 8:27; Josh 11:14 (all followed by לְ with reflexive suffix); object person carried off (compare בַּז) Gen 34:29 (ᵑ0, but compare Ol); plunder, despoil, with accusative of person robbed Isa 10:2; Isa 11:14; Isa 17:14 (שׁסה) Isa 42:22 (|| id.) Zeph 2:9; Jer 30:16; Ezek 39:10 (twice in verse); with בָּהֶם (person) 1Sam 14:36 with accusative of place plundered Gen 34:27; 2Kgs 7:16; 2Chr 14:13 absolute Num 31:53; Isa 42:24. Niph`al Perfect וְנָבֹ֫זוּ consecutive Amos 3:11 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תִּבּוֺז Isa 24:3 Infinitive absolute הִבּוֺז Isa 24:3 — be spoiled, plundered, subject ארמנות Amos 3:11 הארץ Isa 24:3 הִבּוֺז תִּבּוֺז (|| הִבּוֺק תִּבּוֺק). Pu`al Perfect וּבֻזָּ֑זוּ consecutive Jer 50:37 — be taken as spoil, subject אוצרת.

spoil, prey, spoiled, take, rob, …
bāzaz
to plunder
  • to spoil, plunder, prey upon, seize
    • (Qal) to spoil, plunder, despoil
      • "(Niphal) to be spoiled, plundered"(Pual) to be taken as spoil

בַֽז
בַֽז
Root word prey, spoil, spoiled, booty
Dictionary form: בַּז · bahdz

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: the prey
a prey ×10 for a prey ×4 the prey ×2 to the spoil ×2 a booty ×1 a spoil ×1 and spoiled ×1 he spoiled ×1
More options
plunder — Most versatile modern term; suits both noun and verb contexts.
spoil — Modernized KJV form; still natural in military or literary contexts.
prey — Prefer when victims or captives are the focus, not goods.
booty — Informal; vivid for war narratives, avoid in formal prose.
loot — Colloquial and punchy; good for accessible translations.
pillage — Emphasizes the violent act of taking; use when context is active raiding.

BDB989 H957 H897

BDB988 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB990

בַּז noun [masculine] spoiling, robbery; spoil, booty — ׳בּ absolute Num 14:3 +; so also Ezek 25:7 Qr (Kt בג meaningless); בַּ֑ז Jer 2:14 +; but הַבָּ֔ז Num 31:32 see d. H; suffix בִּזָּהּ Exod 29:19 —

1. spoiling, robbery, ׳לְב i.e. to be plundered, despoiled Ezek 7:21 (of temple || שָׁלָל) Ezek 23:46.
2. spoil, booty, plunder Isa 10:6; Isa 33:23; Ezek 29:19; Ezek 38:12; Ezek 38:13 (all accusative of congnate meaning with verb || שָׁלָל); compare Num 31:32; Jer 15:13; Jer 17:3 in phrase הָיָה לָבַז Jer 49:32 (of camels) Ezek 36:4 compare vEzek 36:5 also of human beings Num 14:3; Num 14:31; Deut 1:39; Jer 2:14 (all ׳היה לב) + 2Kgs 21:14 (|| מְשִׁסָּה) Isa 42:22 (|| id.) Jer 2:14, compare Jer 30:16 (|| מְשִׁסָּה); also Ezek 25:7 Qr, Ezek 26:5 (׳היה לב; both in personified); figurative of Israel as sheep Ezek 34:8; Ezek 34:22 (both ׳היה לב) vEzek 34:28 היה בז (no לְ). On Isa 8:1; Isa 8:3 מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז see מהר.

prey, spoil, spoiled, booty
baz
plunder
  • spoil, booty, robbery, spoiling

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
נִטְּשׁ֖וּ Tipeha — a lesser break חֲבָלָ֑יִךְ Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here בַּל יְחַזְּק֤וּ כֵן תָּרְנָם֙ Pashta — a lesser break בַּל פָּ֣רְשׂוּ נֵ֔ס Zaqef Qatan — a strong break אָ֣ז חֻלַּ֤ק עַֽד שָׁלָל֙ Pashta — a lesser break מַרְבֶּ֔ה Zaqef Qatan — a strong break פִּסְחִ֖ים Tipeha — a lesser break בָּ֥זְזוּ בַֽז Silluq — end of the verse

נִטְּשׁוּ חֲבָלָיִךְ בַּל-יְחַזְּקוּ כֵן-תָּרְנָם בַּל-פָּרְשׂוּ נֵס אָז חֻלַּק עַֽד-שָׁלָל מַרְבֶּה פִּסְחִים בָּזְזוּ בַֽז׃
23
Thy tacklings are loosed; they could not well strengthen their mast, they could not spread the sail: then is the prey of a great spoil divided; the lame take the prey.
Cross References

2 Kings 7:8

וַיָּבֹאוּ הַֽמְצֹרָעִים הָאֵלֶּה עַד-קְצֵה הַֽמַּחֲנֶה וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶל-אֹהֶל אֶחָד וַיֹּֽאכְלוּ וַיִּשְׁתּוּ וַיִּשְׂאוּ מִשָּׁם כֶּסֶף וְזָהָב וּבְגָדִים וַיֵּֽלְכוּ וַיַּטְמִנוּ וַיָּשֻׁבוּ וַיָּבֹאוּ אֶל-אֹהֶל אַחֵר וַיִּשְׂאוּ מִשָּׁם וַיֵּֽלְכוּ וַיַּטְמִֽנוּ׃
8
And when these lepers came to the uttermost part of the camp, they went into one tent, and did eat and drink, and carried thence silver, and gold, and raiment, and went and hid it; and came again, and entered into another tent, and carried thence also, and went and hid it.

1 Corinthians 1:27

ἀλλὰ τὰ μωρὰ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεὸς ἵνα τοὺς σοφούς καταισχύνῃ καὶ τὰ ἀσθενῆ τοῦ κόσμου ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεὸς ἵνα καταισχύνῃ τὰ ἰσχυρά
27
But God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty;

Psalms 68:12

מַלְכֵי צְבָאוֹת יִדֹּדוּן יִדֹּדוּן וּנְוַת בַּיִת תְּחַלֵּק שָׁלָֽל׃
12
Kings of armies did flee apace: and she that tarried at home divided the spoil.

2 Chronicles 20:25

וַיָּבֹא יְהֽוֹשָׁפָט וְעַמּוֹ לָבֹז אֶת-שְׁלָלָם וַיִּמְצְאוּ בָהֶם לָרֹב וּרְכוּשׁ וּפְגָרִים וּכְלֵי חֲמֻדוֹת וַיְנַצְּלוּ לָהֶם לְאֵין מַשָּׂא וַיִּֽהְיוּ יָמִים שְׁלוֹשָׁה בֹּֽזְזִים אֶת-הַשָּׁלָל כִּי רַב-הֽוּא׃
25
And when Jehoshaphat and his people came to take away the spoil of them, they found among them in abundance both riches with the dead bodies, and precious jewels, which they stripped off for themselves, more than they could carry away: and they were three days in gathering of the spoil, it was so much.

Isaiah 33:4

וְאֻסַּף שְׁלַלְכֶם אֹסֶף הֶֽחָסִיל כְּמַשַּׁק גֵּבִים שֹׁקֵק בּֽוֹ׃
4
And your spoil shall be gathered like the gathering of the caterpiller: as the running to and fro of locusts shall he run upon them.

Acts 27:19

καὶ τῇ τρίτῃ αὐτόχειρες τὴν σκευὴν τοῦ πλοίου ἔῤῥιψαμεν
19
And the third day we cast out with our own hands the tackling of the ship.

Isaiah 33:21

כִּי אִם-שָׁם אַדִּיר יְהוָה לָנוּ מְקוֹם-נְהָרִים יְאֹרִים רַחֲבֵי יָדָיִם בַּל-תֵּלֶךְ בּוֹ אֳנִי-שַׁיִט וְצִי אַדִּיר לֹא יַעַבְרֶֽנּוּ׃
21
But there the glorious LORD will be unto us a place of broad rivers and streams; wherein shall go no galley with oars, neither shall gallant ship pass thereby.

2 Kings 7:16

וַיֵּצֵא הָעָם וַיָּבֹזּוּ אֵת מַֽחֲנֵה אֲרָם וַיְהִי סְאָה-סֹלֶת בְּשֶׁקֶל וְסָאתַיִם שְׂעֹרִים בְּשֶׁקֶל כִּדְבַר יְהוָֽה׃
16
And the people went out, and spoiled the tents of the Syrians. So a measure of fine flour was sold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for a shekel, according to the word of the LORD.

1 Samuel 30:22

וַיַּעַן כָּל-אִֽישׁ-רָע וּבְלִיַּעַל מֵהָֽאֲנָשִׁים אֲשֶׁר הָֽלְכוּ עִם-דָּוִד וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ יַעַן אֲשֶׁר לֹֽא-הָלְכוּ עִמִּי לֹֽא-נִתֵּן לָהֶם מֵֽהַשָּׁלָל אֲשֶׁר הִצַּלְנוּ כִּֽי-אִם-אִישׁ אֶת-אִשְׁתּוֹ וְאֶת-בָּנָיו וְיִנְהֲגוּ וְיֵלֵֽכוּ׃
22
Then answered all the wicked men and men of Belial, of those that went with David, and said, Because they went not with us, we will not give them ought of the spoil that we have recovered, save to every man his wife and his children, that they may lead them away, and depart.

1 Samuel 30:10

וַיִּרְדֹּף דָּוִד הוּא וְאַרְבַּע-מֵאוֹת אִישׁ וַיַּֽעַמְדוּ מָאתַיִם אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר פִּגְּרוּ מֵֽעֲבֹר אֶת-נַחַל הַבְּשֽׂוֹר׃
10
But David pursued, he and four hundred men: for two hundred abode behind, which were so faint that they could not go over the brook Besor.

Isaiah 33:1

הוֹי שׁוֹדֵד וְאַתָּה לֹא שָׁדוּד וּבוֹגֵד וְלֹא-בָגְדוּ בוֹ כַּהֲתִֽמְךָ שׁוֹדֵד תּוּשַּׁד כַּנְּלֹתְךָ לִבְגֹּד יִבְגְּדוּ-בָֽךְ׃
1
Woe to thee that spoilest, and thou wast not spoiled; and dealest treacherously, and they dealt not treacherously with thee! when thou shalt cease to spoil, thou shalt be spoiled; and when thou shalt make an end to deal treacherously, they shall deal treacherously with thee.

Ezekiel 27:26

בְּמַיִם רַבִּים הֱבִאוּךְ הַשָּׁטִים אֹתָךְ רוּחַ הַקָּדִים שְׁבָרֵךְ בְּלֵב יַמִּֽים׃
26
Thy rowers have brought thee into great waters: the east wind hath broken thee in the midst of the seas.

Acts 27:40

καὶ τὰς ἀγκύρας περιελόντες εἴων εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν ἅμα ἀνέντες τὰς ζευκτηρίας τῶν πηδαλίων καὶ ἐπάραντες τὸν ἀρτέμονα τῇ πνεούσῃ κατεῖχον εἰς τὸν αἰγιαλόν
40
And when they had taken up the anchors, they committed themselves unto the sea, and loosed the rudder bands, and hoised up the mainsail to the wind, and made toward shore.

Acts 27:30

τῶν δὲ ναυτῶν ζητούντων φυγεῖν ἐκ τοῦ πλοίου καὶ χαλασάντων τὴν σκάφην εἰς τὴν θάλασσαν προφάσει ὡς ἐκ πρώρας μελλόντων ἀγκύρας ἐκτείνειν
30
And as the shipmen were about to flee out of the ship, when they had let down the boat into the sea, under colour as though they would have cast anchors out of the foreship,
Isaiah 33:22
Read Isaiah 33
Isaiah 33:24