Isaiah 6:10

הַשְׁמֵן֙

Root word fat

Dictionary form: שָׁמַן · shaw-MAHN

Verb — Hiphil, Imperative, second person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: fat

and became fat ×1 fat ×1 they are waxen fat ×1 thou art waxen fat ×1 waxed fat ×1

More options

grow fat — Captures the verb's dynamic, becoming-fat sense.

fatten — Transitive nuance; good when an agent causes fatness.

become fat — Neutral and literal; clear for general prose contexts.

become obese — Stronger register; use for moral-critique passages.

grow sleek — Conveys well-fed prosperity without bluntness.

grow prosperous — Idiomatic when physical fatness implies abundance.

BDB8807 H8080

I. [שָׁמֵן] verb grow fat (Late Hebrew Hiph`il id., also שֶׁמֶן Arabic be fat; Aramaic especially derived species and derivatives; שְׁמֵין adjective fat: Assyrian šammu, fat; Phoenician (Punic) שמן oil, so Palmyrene שמנא Lzb³⁷⁸; on relation of meanings Frä¹⁴⁷); —

Qal Perfect 2 masculine singular שָׁמַ֫נְתָּ Deut 32:15 and Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיִשְׁמַן vDeut 32:15 both of Israel (prosperous and arrogant) under figure of fat beast; so Perfect 3 plural שָֽׁמְנוּ Jer 5:28 (of wicked). Hiph`il Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיַשְׁמִינוּ Neh 9:25 were sated and shewed fatness (inner causative); Imperative masculine singular הַשְׁמֵן Isa 6:10 make fat (dull, unreceptive), לֵב הָיָם הַוֶּה.

fat

šāman

to shine, i.e., (by analogy) be (causatively, make) oily or gross

to be or become fat, grow fat

(Qal) fat (subst)

לֵב

Root word heart, hearts, midst, mind, understanding, …

Dictionary form: לֵב · labe

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: make the heart

heart ×99 my heart ×37 his heart ×35 the heart ×32 thine heart ×28 their heart ×19 in heart ×17 in his heart ×16

More options

heart — Default rendering; covers emotion, will, and character.

mind — Prefer when context emphasizes thought or intention.

inner self — Highlights the whole interior person; good for reflective passages.

will — Use when volition or resolve is the primary nuance.

understanding — Suits wisdom or discernment contexts.

conscience — Fits passages about moral awareness or self-judgment.

BDB4295 H3820

לֵב₅₉₉ noun masculine Prov 23:15 ( feminine Prov 12:25, from influence of נֶפֶשׁ see De Now) inner man, mind will, heart, absolute and construct לֵב Gen 8:21 + 239 t.; לֶבֿ Exod 15:8 + 15 t.; suffix לִבִּי Gen 24:45 + 102 t.; לִבְּךָ Exod 9:14 + 28 t.; לִבֶּ֑ךָ Judg 19:6 + 25 t.; לִבֵּךְ Isa 47:7 + 7 t.; לִבּוֺ Gen 6:5 + 93 t.; לִבָּהּ Judg 19:3 + 7 t.; לִ בֵּנוּ Isa 41:22 + 5 t.; לִבְּכֶם Gen 8:5 + 2 t.; לִבָּם Gen 42:28 + 56 t.; לִבָּן Exod 35:26 לִבְּהֶן Ezek 13:17 plural לִבּוֺת Ps 7:10; Prov 15:11 + 3 t. Proverbs; suffix לִבֹּתָם Isa 44:18 לִבּוֺתָם Ps 125:4. — inner part midst: I. seldom of things, בְּלֶביָֿם in the midst of the sea Exod 15:8; Prov 23:34; Prov 30:19 בְּלֵב יַמִּים Ps 46:3; Ezek 27:4; Ezek 27:25; Ezek 27:26; Ezek 27:27; Ezek 28:2; Ezek 28:8 בלב האלה 2Sam 18:14 בְּלֵב אֹיְבֵי in the midst of the enemies of Ps 45:2 (see Br^{MP on the passage}; AV RV and others in the heart of). II. elsewhere of men:

1. the inner man in contrast with outer לבי ובשׂרי ירננו my heart and my flesh cry out Ps 84:3 || מעים Ps 22:15; Jer 4:19, the inner for outer מעים Jer 49:22 as within the breast על לב Exod 28:3; Exod 28:29; Exod 28:30 (twice in verse) (P); מלב 2Kgs 9:24 בלב Ps 37:15; 2Sam 18:14 סְגוֺד לִבָּם Hos 13:8 antithesis with בָּשָׂר Prov 14:30; Eccl 2:3 head Isa 1:5, face Ezek 14:3; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7 arm Song 8:6 hands Ezek 22:14 bones Ps 102:5 eyes 1Kgs 9:3 (= 2Chr 7:16) Jer 22:17 ear Prov 22:17; Prov 23:12 mouth Ps 55:22 lips Isa 29:13 אֲנִי יְשֵׁינָה וְלִבִּי עֵר I slept but my heart waked Song 5:2.

2. the inner man, indefinite, soul, comprehending mind, affections and will, with occasional emphasis of one or the other by means of certain verbs: בכל לב 1Kgs 8:23 (= 2Chr 6:14) Ps 9:2; Ps 119:2; Ps 119:10; Ps 119:34; Ps 119:58; Ps 119:69; Ps 119:145; Ps 138:1; Prov 3:5; Jer 3:10; Jer 24:7 עם לב 2Chr 24:4 (see לבב 2); כלב 2Sam 7:21 (= 1Chr 17:19) Jer 3:15 תַּעֲלֻמוֺת לֵב secrets of the heart Ps 44:22 לֵב מְלָכִים אֵין חֵקֶר the heart of kings is unsearchable Prov 25:4 הַיֹּצֵר יַחַד לִבָּם Ps 33:15 etc.

3. specific reference to mind:
a. מִלֵּב of one's own mind Num 16:28; Num 24:13 (JE) 1Kgs 12:33; Neh 6:8; Ezek 13:2; Ezek 13:17 חֲסַר לֵב destitute of mind Prov 6:32; Prov 7:7; Prov 9:4; Prov 9:16; Prov 10:13; Prov 10:21; Prov 11:12; Prov 12:11; Prov 15:21; Prov 17:18; Prov 24:30 לִבּוֺ חָסֵר Eccl 10:3 אֵין לֵב Jer 5:21; Hos 7:11 לב אין Prov 17:16 קנה לב get a mind Prov 15:32; Prov 19:8 כֹּחַ לב power of mind Job 36:5 רֹחַב לב breadth of mind 1Kgs 5:9, גנב לב 2Sam 15:6; Gen 31:20 (E? see לבב 3 a).
b. knowledge, with ידע Deut 29:3; Prov 14:10; Prov 22:17; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 7:22; Eccl 7:25; Eccl 8:5; Eccl 8:16; Jer 24:7 ראה Ps 66:18; Eccl 1:16 חָכַם לב mind is wise Prov 23:15 לֵב חָכָם wise mind 1Kgs 3:12; Prov 16:23; Eccl 8:5 חֲכַם לֵב Exod 31:6; Exod 35:10; Exod 36:1; Exod 36:2; Exod 36:8 (P) Prov 10:8; Prov 11:29; Prov 16:21 חַכְמֵי לֵב Exod 28:3 (P) Job 37:24 חכמת לב Exod 35:25; Exod 35:35 (P); לב חכמים Eccl 7:4; Eccl 10:2 לב כסילים Prov 12:23; Prov 15:7; Eccl 7:4; Eccl 10:2 with חכמה Exod 36:2 (P) 1Kgs 10:24 (= 2Chr 9:23) Prov 2:10; Prov 17:16; Eccl 2:3 לֵב נָבוֺן intelligent mind Prov 14:33; Prov 15:14; Prov 18:15 with הבין Prov 8:5 תְּבוּנָה Prov 2:2 שָׂ֑כֶל Job 17:4 etc.
c. thinking, reflection, with חשׁב Ps 140:3; Prov 16:9 מחשׁבות Gen 6:5 (J) Ps 33:11; Prov 6:18; Prov 19:21 compare Gen 8:21 (J); הגה muse, study Prov 15:28; Prov 24:2; Isa 33:18; Isa 59:13 הגיון Ps 19:15 הָגוּת Ps 49:4 שׂם לב set the mind, consider Isa 41:22; Ezek 44:5, with לְ 1Sam 9:20; 2Sam 13:20; Ezek 40:4; Ezek 44:5 אֶל Exod 9:21 (J) 1Sam 24:25; 2Sam 18:3 (twice in verse); Job 2:3; Job 34:14 עַל Job 1:8 שׁת לב Ps 62:10; Prov 22:17; Prov 24:32, with לְ Exod 7:23 (JE) 1Sam 4:20; Ps 48:14; Prov 27:23; Jer 31:21, אֶל Job 7:17.
d. memory השׁיב אל לב call to mind Isa 44:19; Lam 3:21 על לב Isa 46:8 עלה על לב come into mind (occur to one) Isa 65:17; Jer 3:16; Jer 7:31; Jer 19:5; Jer 32:35 (compare Acts 7:23), so בא על לב 2Chr 7:11 שׂם על לב lay to heart Isa 42:25; Isa 47:7; Isa 57:1; Isa 57:11; Jer 12:11; Mal 2:2 (twice in verse); Dan 1:8 אל לב 2Sam 13:33; 2Sam 19:20 כתב על לב Jer 31:33 קשׁר על לב Prov 6:21 לוּחַ לֵב tablet of the memory Prov 3:3; Prov 7:3; Jer 17:1 נִשְׁכַּחְתִּי כְּמֵת מִלֵּב I am forgotten as a dead man out of mind Ps 31:13.

4. specific reference to inclinations, resolutions and determinations of the will; הכין לב set the mind 2Chr 12:14; Ps 10:17; Ps 78:8; Job 11:13 נכון לב Ps 57:8 (twice in verse) ( = Ps 108:2) Ps 78:37; Ps 112:7 נתן לב לְ Eccl 1:13; Eccl 1:17; Eccl 7:21; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:16; Prov 23:26; Dan 10:12 נתן אל לב Eccl 7:2; Eccl 9:1; Neh 2:12; Neh 7:5 (the 'heart' here not being the subject's), בלב Exod 35:34 (P) Ezra 7:27; Eccl 3:11 אֲשֶׁרנְֿשָׂאוֺ לִבּוֺ whose heart stirred him up Exod 35:21; Exod 36:2 compare Exod 35:26 (all P); נְדִיב לֵב willing of mind Exod 35:5; Exod 35:22 (P) 2Chr 29:31 compare Exod 25:2; Exod 35:29 (P); נטה לב אחריּ inclined to follow Judg 9:3; Ps 119:112 הטה לב 1Kgs 11:3; Ps 119:36; Ps 141:4 compare 2Sam 15:13: — גְּדֹלִים חִקְקֵילֵֿב great resolves of heart Judg 5:15 etc.

5. specific reference to conscience, וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֺ and David's heart (conscience) smote him 1Sam 24:6 מִכְשׁוֺל לֵב offence of conscience 1Sam 25:31.

6. specific reference to moral character, God tries the heart Ps 17:3; Jer 12:3 sees the heart and reins Jer 20:12, tries them Ps 7:10; Jer 11:20, refines them Ps 26:2 searches the heart and tries the reins Jer 17:10.
a. ישֶׁרלִֿבִּי Job 33:3 יִשְׁרֵי לֵב Ps 7:11; Ps 11:2; Ps 32:11; Ps 36:11; Ps 64:11 (all with דָּוִד in title), Ps 94:15; Ps 97:11 לֵב שָׁלֵם 1Chr 28:9; 1Chr 29:9; Isa 38:3 (all originally לבב, see לבב 6 a); נִשְׁבְּרֵילֵֿב broken of heart Ps 34:19; Isa 61:1 לֵבנִֿשְׁבָּר Ps 51:19 שְׁבוּרֵי לֵב Ps 147:3 לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Isa 57:15 לֵב טָהוֺר clean heart Ps 51:12 לֵב חָדָשׁ new heart Ezek 18:21; Ezek 36:26 (probably also Ezek 11:19 for אֶחָד see Co) etc.
b. לֵב רָע evil heart Prov 26:23 חַנְפֵילֵֿב godless in heart Job 36:13 עקּשׁ(י) לב perverse in heart Prov 11:20; Prov 17:20 תַּרְמִת לִבָּם deceit of their heart Jer 14:14; Jer 23:26 בלב ולב with a double heart Ps 12:3 etc.
c. seat of pride Prov 21:4; Jer 48:29; Jer 49:16; Hos 13:6; Obad 1:3 גְּבַהּלֵֿב Prov 16:5 גֹּבַהּ לב 2Chr 32:26 גָּבַהּ לֵב 2Chr 26:16; 2Chr 32:25; Ps 131:1; Prov 18:12; Ezek 28:2; Ezek 28:17.
d. the heart is uncircumcised Jer 9:25; Ezek 44:7 (twice in verse); Ezek 44:9 and hardened: חזּק לב Exod 4:21; Exod 10:20; Exod 10:27 (E), Exod 9:12; Exod 11:10; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:8; Exod 14:17 (P), Josh 11:20 (D² ?); יֶחֱזַק לֵב Exod 7:13; Exod 7:22; Exod 8:15; Exod 9:35 (P); חִזְקֵילֵֿב Ezek 2:4 הקשׁה לב Exod 7:3 (P) Prov 28:14 קְשֵׁילֵֿב Ezek 3:7 הכביד לב Exod 8:11; Exod 8:28; Exod 9:34; Exod 10:1 (J); כָּבֵד לב Exod 7:14; Exod 9:7 (J); כּכּד לב 1Sam 6:6 הַשְׁמֵן לֵבהָֿעָם הַזֶה make the heart of this people fat Isa 6:10 (?); שְׁרִ(י)רוּת לֵב Deut 29:18; Ps 81:13 after Jer 3:17; Jer 7:24; Jer 9:13; Jer 11:8; Jer 13:10; Jer 16:12; Jer 18:12; Jer 23:17 לב האבן the heart of stone Ezek 11:19; Ezek 36:26 etc.

7. for the man himself, אמר בלב Gen 17:17 (P), Gen 27:41 (JE), 1Kgs 12:26; Esth 6:6; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:13; Ps 14:1 ( = Ps 53:2) Ps 35:25; Ps 74:8; Eccl 2:1; Eccl 2:15; Eccl 3:17; Eccl 3:18; Isa 47:10; Obad 1:3; Zech 12:5 אֶללֿב Gen 8:21 (J) 1Sam 27:1 דבּר בלב Eccl 2:15 אֶללֿב Gen 24:45 (J); עַל לב 1Sam 1:13 (?); עִם לב Eccl 1:16 נְאֻםפֶּֿשַׁע לָרָשָׁע בְּקֶרֶב לִבִּי Ps 36:2.

8. as seat of appetites, סְעַד לב stay the heart (with bread) Gen 18:5 (J) Judg 19:5.

9. as seat of the emotions and passions:
a. of joy and gladness, in various combinations of טוב, Judg 16:25; Judg 18:20; Judg 19:6; Judg 19:22; Ruth 3:7; 1Sam 25:36; 2Sam 13:28; 1Kgs 8:66 ( = 2Chr 7:10) 2Chr 21:7; Esth 1:10; Esth 5:9; Prov 15:15; Eccl 7:3; Eccl 9:7; Eccl 11:9; Isa 65:14 various combinations of שׂמח, Exod 4:14 (J) 1Chr 16:10 ( = Ps 105:3) Ps 4:8; Ps 16:9; Ps 19:9; Ps 33:21; Prov 15:13; Prov 15:30; Prov 17:22; Prov 27:9; Prov 27:11; Eccl 2:10 (twice in verse); Eccl 5:19; Song 3:11; Isa 24:7; Zech 10:7 שׂישׂ Ps 119:111; Isa 66:14; Lam 5:15 עלץ 1Sam 2:1 עלז Ps 28:7; Zeph 3:14 רנן Job 29:13 גיל Ps 13:6; Ps 24:17; Zech 10:7 of desire, Ps 21:3; Ps 37:4 דבּר עַל לֵב speak unto the heart (kindly) Gen 34:3; Gen 50:21 (JE) Judg 19:3; 2Sam 19:8; 2Chr 30:22; Isa 40:2; Hos 2:16; Ruth 2:13.
b. of trouble 2Kgs 6:11; Isa 65:14, sorrow Neh 2:2; Prov 14:3, pain Ps 55:5. vexation Eccl 11:10, trembling Deut 28:65 (?) 1Sam 28:3, faintness Lam 5:17 it is wounded Ps 109:22 dies within one out of fear 1Sam 25:37 etc.; לב נמס the heart melteth (in fear) 2Sam 17:10; Ps 22:15; Ezek 21:12; Nah 2:11.

10. seat of courage: יַאֲמֵץ לִבֶּ֑ךָ let thine heart take courage Ps 27:14 אַמִּיץ לִבּוֺ Amos 2:16 אַבִּירֵי לֵב stout-hearted Ps 76:6; Isa 46:12 לִבּוֺ יָצוּק כְּמוֺאֶֿבֶן his heart as firm as a stone Job 41:16 לִבוֺ כְּלֵב הָאַרְיֵה his heart as the heart of the lion 2Sam 17:10.

BDB4296 H3826 H3820

[לִבָּה] suffix לִבָּתֵךְ Ezek 16:30 should be corrected to לִבְרִיתֵךְ (see Co). > older view, as feminine of לֵבּ.

BDB7797 H7307 H5315 H3824 H1320 H3820

רוּחַ₃₇₈ noun feminine^{Gen 41:8} (less often masculine^{Exod 10:13} +) breath, wind, spirit; — absolute ׳ר Gen 8:1 +, ר֑וּחָה Jer 52:23 construct רוּחַ Gen 6:17 +; suffix רוּחִי vGen 6:3 +, רוּחֲךָ Ps 104:30 +, etc.; plural רוּחוֺת vPs 104:4 +, רֻחוֺת Jer 49:36, רוּחֹת Num 16:22; Num 26:16 (see Br^{רוח in O.T., JBL xix (1900), 132 ff.}, full statement of all passages); —

1. breath of mouth or nostrils (33 t.):
a. רוּחַ פִּיו Job 15:30 breath of his mouth, compare Job 19:17 רוּחַ אַפֵּינוּ Lam 4:20 (figurative of king), of idols לֹא רוּחַ בָּם Jer 10:14 = Jer 51:17, Hab 2:19; Ps 135:17 compare Job 9:18.
b. as mere breath: compare 2 e. דִּבְרֵירֿוּחַ Job 16:3 i.e. windy words; נוֺאָשׁ לְרוּחַ אִמְרֵי Job 6:26, הַנְּבִיאִים יִהְיוּ לְרוּחַ Jer 5:13.
c. as word of command: (1) of God: (נעשׂו) בְּרוּחַ פִּיו כָּלֿ צְבָאָםPs 33:6, compare Isa 34:16 (|| פֶּה); (2) of Messianic king: בְּרוּחַ שְׂפָתָיו יָמִית רָשָׁע Isa 11:4.
d. as hard breathing through the nostrils in anger: (1) of God: מֵרוּח אַפּוֺ יִכְלוּ Job 4:9; Exod 15:8 (poem), 2Sam 22:16 = Ps 18:16; Isa 30:28; Isa 59:19 (2) of man: רוּחַ עָרִיצִים Isa 25:4.
e. as sign and symbol of life: רוּחַ חַיִּים breath of life Gen 6:17; Gen 7:15 (P); נִשְׁמַת רוּחַ חַיִּים בְּאַפָּיו Gen 7:22 (P); Ezek 37:5, compare vEzek 37:6 vEzek 37:8 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:9 vEzek 37:10 vEzek 37:14 (breath or spirit), Eccl 3:19.

2. wind (117 t.):
a. wind of heaven: Gen 8:1 (P) Exod 15:10 (E) Num 11:31 (J) 1Kgs 18:45 +, Jer 10:13, thence Jer 51:16; Ps 135:7 ׳רוּחַ י Hos 13:15; Isa 40:7, compare Job 26:13 (Di Bu); רוּחַ (ה)קָדִים east wind Exod 10:13 (twice in verse); Exod 14:21 (J) Ps 48:8; Jer 18:17; Ezek 17:10; Ezek 19:12; Ezek 27:26; Jonah 4:8 צָפוֺן ׳ר north wind Prov 25:23 יָם ׳ר sea wind (west wind) Exod 10:19 (J); . הַיּוֺם ׳ר day wind, evening wind Gen 3:8 (J; compare Song 2:17; Song 4:6); אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת four winds Jer 49:36; Ezek 37:9 (quarters?) Dan 8:8; Dan 11:4 (figurative quarters; compare b), Zech 2:10; Zech 6:5 רוּחַ סְעְרָה storm wind Ps 107:25; Ps 148:8; Ezek 1:4 (סְעָרוֺת ׳ר), Ezek 13:11; Ezek 13:13 רוּחַ סֹעָה rushing wind Ps 55:9 (read possibly סערה Hup); בַּעְיָם רוּחוֺ Isa 11:15 (read ׳בְּעֹצֶם ר, see עֲיָם, עֹצֶם), etc; wind personified: כַּנְפֵי רוּחַ 2Sam 22:11 = Ps 18:11; Ps 104:3, compare Hos 4:19; Ps 104:4.
b. quarter (of wind), side: רוּחַ הַקָּדִים Ezek 42:16 east side; רוּחַ הַצָּפוֺן vEzek 42:17 north side; רוּחַ הַדָּרוֺם vEzek 42:18 south side; רוּחַ הַיָּם vEzek 42:19 west side; אַרְבַּע רוּחוֺת vEzek 42:20; 1Chr 9:24 four sides; ר֑וּחָה Jer 52:23 on the sides.
c. breath of air: שָׁאֲפוּ רוּחַ כַּתַּנִּים Jer 14:6 רוּחַ לֹא יָבֹא בֵּינֵיהֶם Job 41:8.
d. air, gas, from womb (dubious): כְּמוֺ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Isa 26:18 (Di, e); רוּחֲכֶם אֵשׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶם (RV breath) Isa 33:11 (Du, 3 c).
e. vain, empty thing: רוּחַיָּי֑ Job 7:7 my life is wind; דַּעַת רוּחַ Job 15:2 רוּחַ וָתֹהוּ נִסְכֵּיהֶם Isa 41:29 רְעוּת רוּחַ striving for wind Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:11; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 2:26; Eccl 4:4; Eccl 4:6; Eccl 6:9 compare Eccl 1:17; Eccl 4:16; Eccl 5:15.

3. spirit, as that which breathes quickly in animation or agitation = temper, disposition (76 t.; so, distinctively, as compared with נֶפֶשׁ and לֵבָב):
a. spirit, animation, vivacity, vigour: לֹא הָיָה בָהּ עוֺד רוּחַ 1Kgs 10:5 = 2Chr 9:4 מַהזֶּֿה רוּחֲךָ סָרָה 1Kgs 21:5 וַתְּחִי רוּחַ Gen 45:27 (E); וַתָּשָׁב רוּחוֺ Judg 15:19; 1Sam 30:12.
b. courage: ׳לֹא הָיָה בָם עוֺד ר Josh 5:1 נְגִידִים ׳יִבְצֹר ר Ps 76:13 מִצְרַיִם ׳וְנָָֽבְקָה ר Isa 19:3 תתעטּף רוּחִי Ps 77:4; Ps 142:4; Ps 143:4 לֹא קָמָה ׳עוֺד ר Josh 2:11 אִישׁ יְכַלְכֵּל מַחֲלֵהוּ ׳ר Prov 18:14.
c. temper, especially anger: ׳רוּחַ רָעָה בֵּין וגו Judg 9:23 אָז רָֽפְתָה רוּחָם Judg 8:3 משֵׁל בְּרוּחוֺ Prov 16:32, compare Prov 25:28; Prov 29:11; Job 15:13 הֵנִיחוּ אֶתרֿוּחִי Zech 6:8; Eccl 7:9; Eccl 10:4.
d. impatience or patience: קֹצֶר רוּחַ Exod 6:9 (P) impatience, hastiness of temper, compare (of ׳י) Mic 2:7 קְצַררֿוּחַ Prov 14:29 (|| אֶרֶךְ אַפַיִם); הֱצִיקַתְנִי רוּחַ בִּטְנִי Job 32:18 (Du breath; Di Bu divine spirit, compare vJob 32:8); אִם מַדּוּעַ לֹאתִֿקְצַר רוּחִי Job 21:4 ׳הֲקָצַר רוּחַ י Mic 2:7 ׳אֶרֶךְ ר Eccl 7:8.
e. spirit, disposition, as troubled, bitter, or discontented; וַתִּפָּעֶם רוּח(וׅ (his) spirit was troubled Gen 41:8 (E) Dan 2:3, compare vDan 2:1 מֹרַת רוּחַ Gen 26:35 (P) bitterness of spirit; ׳עֲצוּבַת ר Isa 54:6, compare Ezek 3:14; Job 6:4. feminine as crushed: וְכִהֲתָה כָלרֿוּחַ Ezek 21:12, compare Isa 61:3; Prov 15:4; Prov 15:13; Prov 17:22; Prov 18:14; Ps 143:7.
g. disposition of various kinds, often unaccountable and uncontrollable impulse: הֵעִיר אֶתרֿוּחַ 1Chr 5:26 (twice in verse); 2Chr 21:16; 2Chr 36:22; Ezra 1:1; Ezra 1:5; Jer 51:11; Hag 1:14 (3 t. in verse); הִנְנִי נ(וֺ)תֵן בּוֺ רוּח2Kgs 19:7 = Isa 37:7; Num 14:24 (J; see עִם 4 b), Mal 2:15 (twice in verse); Mal 2:16; Deut 2:30 רוּחַ קִנְאָה jealous disposition Num 5:14 (twice in verse); Num 5:30 (P); רוּחַ וְנוּנִים Hos 4:12; Hos 5:4 רוּחַ עִוְעִיםIsa 19:14 רוּחַ מִשְׁפָּט Isa 28:6 אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר רוּחַ אֱלהִֹרם בּוֺ (administrative) Gen 41:38 (E); קַר רוּחַ אִישׁ הְּבוּנָה Prov 17:27.
h. prophetic spirit: יְהוֺשֻׁעַ אִישׁ אֲשֶׁרֿ רוּחַ בּזֹNum 27:18 (P; or g, as Gen 41:38); רוּחַ אֵלִיָּהוּ עַלאֱֿלִישָׁע2Kgs 2:15, compare v2Kgs 2:9 רוּחַ תַּרְדֵמָה spirit of deep sleep (ecstatic, compare Gen 2:21; Gen 15:12, but Di and others g, as Isa 19:14) Isa 29:10; Mic 2:11 רוּחַ הַטֻמְאָה Zech 13:2 (of lying prophets), compare Ezek 13:3.

4. spirit of the living, breathing being, dwelling in the בָּשָׂר of men and animals, || נֶפֶשׁ (25 t.):
a. gift and creation of God: יֹצֵר רוּחַ אָדָם בְּקִרְבּוֺ Zech 12:1 רוּחַ אֱלוֺהַּ בְּאַפִּי Job 27:3, compare Isa 42:5.
b. God preserves it: פְּקֻדָּֽתְךָ שָֽׁמְרָה רוּחִי Job 10:12, compare Job 12:10 אֱלֹהֵי הָרוּחֹת לְכָל בָּשָׂ֑ר Num 16:22; Num 27:16 (P); תֹּכֵן רוּחוֺת Prov 16:2.
c. it is therefore God's spirit: Gen 6:3 (J; see דִּין near the end).
d. it departs at death: Ps 78:39 (Dr a wind that passeth away 2 e); חַיֵּי רוּחִי Isa 38:16 (Di principle of life), Ps 146:4 especially Ps 104:29; Ps 104:30; Job 17:1; Job 34:14 (compare vJob 34:15), Isa 57:16; Eccl 8:8 (twice in verse) (wind Wild); אֵינְךָ יוֺדֵעַ מַהדֶּֿרֶךְ הָרוּחַ Eccl 11:5, compare Eccl 3:21 over ag. הָרוּחַ תָּשׁוּב אֶלהָֿאֱלֹהִים אֲשֶׁר נְתָנָהּ Eccl 12:7 בְּיָָֽדְךָ אַפְקִיד רוּחִי Ps 31:6.
e. disembodied being (dubious, Di Du breath of wind): וְרוּחַ עַלפָּֿנַי יַחֲלֹף Job 4:15.

5. spirit as seat of emotion = נֶפֶשׁ:
a. desire (possibly 3 g), Isa 26:9 (|| נֶפֶשׁ).
b. sorrow, trouble (probably 3 e), Job 7:11 (|| נֶפֶשׁ). — 1Sam 1:15 see קָשֶׁה.

6. occasionally, (and late) = seat or organ of mental acts, || לֵב, or synonym with it: רוּחַ חָכְמָה Exod 28:3; Deut 34:9 (both P; probably 3 g); תּעֵי רוּחַ Isa 29:24, compare Job 20:3 (Hi Bu Du wind of Job's words), Ps 77:7 (ᵐ5 Symm ᵑ6 Jerome troubled disposition); רוּחַ יהוה Isa 40:13 come into mind (compare לֵב Isa 65:17; Jer 3:16 +); 1Chr 28:12.

7. rarely of the will; also = רוּחַ נָכוֺן לֵב Ps 51:12 (= לֵב נָכוֺן Ps 57:8 (twice in verse) +); רוּחַ נְדִיבָה vPs 51:14 נָָֽדְבָה רוּחוֺ Exod 35:21 (P; compare נְדִיב לֵב Exod 35:5; Exod 35:22 (P) 2Chr 29:31).

8. רוּחַ especially of moral character; also = ׃לֵב רוּחַ חֲדָשָׁהEzek 11:19; Ezek 18:31; Ezek 36:26 רוּחִי vEzek 36:27; Isa 59:21 (רוּחִי, || דְּבָרַי; but probably prophetic spirit 9 b); לֵב חָדָשׁ Ezek 18:31; Ezek 36:26 נְכֵה רוּחַ Isa 66:2 דַּכְּאֵי רוּחַ Ps 34:19 (compare לֵב נִדְכָּאִים Isa 57:15); מִשֵּׁבֶר רוּחַ Isa 65:14 (compare 3 f); רוּחַ נִשְׁבָּרֶה Ps 51:19 (|| לֵב נִשְׁבָּר, compare נִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵב Ps 34:19; Isa 61:1); Ps 32:2; Prov 11:13; Prov 16:18; Ps 78:8; Eccl 7:8 (compare גְּבַהּלֵב Prov 16:5); שְׁפַל רוּחַ Prov 16:19; Prov 29:23; Isa 57:15 רוּחַ שְׁפָלִים vIsa 57:15 (compare 3 f).

9. spirit of God (94 t.; not D or Jeremiah or any Deuteronomic writer; conception of its activity in inspiring prophecy probably discredited from abuse by false prophets, see נביא, נבא):
a. as inspiring ecstatic state of prophecy, Num 11:17; Num 11:25 (twice in verse); Num 11:26; Num 11:29 (J), 1Sam 10:6; 1Sam 10:10 (compare v1Sam 10:5), 1Sam 19:20; 1Sam 19:23 as inciting to deeds of frenzy, in the ecstatic state; hence conceived as אֱלֹהִים רָעָה ׳ר 1Sam 16:15 (twice in verse); 1Sam 16:16, = ׳רָעָה מֵאֵת י ׳ר v1Sam 16:14 = רָעָה ׳א ׳צלח ר 1Sam 18:10 (other narrative) = רָעָה ׳י ׳ר 1Sam 19:9 ׳א ׳ר 1Sam 16:23 = רוּחַ הָרָעָה v1Sam 16:23, compare הָרוּחַ 1Kgs 22:21 = שֶׁקֶר ׳ר v1Kgs 22:22 v1Kgs 22:23 = 2Chr 18:20; 2Chr 18:21; 2Chr 18:22 = ׳רוּחַ י 1Kgs 22:24 = 2Chr 18:23 compare also (in earlier prophets) אִישׁ הָרוּחַ, i.e. one possessed by the spirit in the ecstatic state, || הַנָּבִּיא Hos 9:7 ׳רוּחַ י Mic 3:8 (|| בֹּחַ) is probably gloss (We Now); וְלֹא רוּחִי Isa 30:1 רוּחַ dealing with Ezek.: Ezek 2:2; Ezek 3:12; Ezek 3:14; Ezek 3:24; Ezek 8:3; Ezek 11:1; Ezek 11:5; Ezek 11:24 (Co gloss), Ezek 37:1; Ezek 43:5 (all implying ecstatic state of vision), compare Elijah 1Kgs 18:12; 2Kgs 2:16.
b. spirit as impelling prophets to utter instruction or warning (higher and later conception): transition probably Num 24:2; 2Sam 23:2; 1Chr 12:18 elsewhere in Chronicles: 2Chr 15:1; 2Chr 20:14; 2Chr 24:20 distinctly in Isa², Isa 48:16, compare Isa 61:1 so of ancient prophets, Zech 7:12; Neh 9:30 compare, of future prophetic gift, Joel 3:1; Joel 3:2.
c. imparting warlike energy, and executive and administrative power: (1) to שֹׁפְטִים, מוֺשִׁיעִים, מְלָכִים, of ancient Israel: וַתְּהִי רוּחַ על ׳י Judg 3:10; Judg 11:29, compare Judg 6:34; Judg 13:25; Judg 14:6; Judg 14:19; Judg 15:14; 1Sam 11:6; 1Sam 16:13; 1Sam 16:14 so also עַד יֵעָרֶה עָלֵינוּ רוּחַ מִמָּרוֺם Isa 32:15 (2) resting upon Messianic king: Isa 11:2 (3 t. in verse); upon servant of ׳י, Isa 42:1.
d. late, as endowing men with various gifts: technical skill Exod 31:3; Exod 35:31 (P); understanding Job 32:8 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); poured out by divine wisdom Prov 1:23.
e. as energy of life: רוּחַ אֱלֹהִים מְרַחֶפֶת עַלפְּֿנֵי הַמָּ֑יִם Gen 1:2 (P); רוּחַ אֵל עָשָׂ֑תְנִי Job 33:4 (|| נִשְׁמַת שַׁדַּי); as vital power, opposed to בָשָׂר: Isa 31:3 in cherubic chariot: Ezek 1:12, compare vEzek 1:20 vEzek 1:21; Ezek 10:17 reviving Israel Ezek 39:29; Zech 12:10; Isa 44:3. feminine = ancient angel of the presence and later Shekina: קָדְשׁוֺ ׳ר Isa 63:10; Isa 63:11 = ׳י ׳ר vIsa 63:14 (= מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו vIsa 63:9), compare Ps 106:33 so also קָדְשְׁךָ ׳ר Ps 51:13 (in national prayer), compare Neh 9:20; Ps 143:10 prophets of restoration conceive of the divine spirit as standing in their midst and about to fulfil all divine promises: רוּחִי עֹמֶדֶת בְּתוֺכֲכֶם Hag 2:5; Zech 4:6 this conception culminates in רוּחַ = divine Presence, and as such omnipresent, Ps 139:7 (|| פָּנֶיךָ; compare vPs 139:8).

BDB9636 H3820 H3821

[לֵב] noun [masculine] id. (Biblical Hebrew id.; so ᵑ7 Syriac; Egyptian Aramaic, Lzb³⁰¹ = Cooke^{76 A 6}); — suffix לִבִּי Dan 7:28.

heart, hearts, midst, mind, understanding, …

lēb

the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything

inner man, mind, will, heart, understanding

inner part, midst

midst (of things)

הָ עָ֣ם

הָ

Prefix — article the

עָ֣ם

Root word people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

Dictionary form: עַם · am

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: people

the people ×572 people ×220 of the people ×150 my people ×113 and the people ×110 his people ×78 thy people ×58 of my people ×50

More options

people — Most versatile rendering; fits collective and singular contexts.

nation — Emphasizes ethnic or political identity as a unified group.

community — Highlights shared belonging; good for social or covenant contexts.

population — Neutral, demographic tone; useful for census or mass-movement passages.

folk — Informal, grassroots feel; suits ordinary or rural settings.

crowd — Best for gathered assemblies rather than an ongoing social group.

BDB6144 H5971 H5993

I. עַם, עָם₁₈₄₀ noun masculine^{Gen 11:6} (see below) people (Late Hebrew id., plebeian, common man; ᵑ7 עַמָּא people, plural peoples, tribes, etc.; Syriac ; Arabic see above; original meaning probably those united, connected, related, compare We^{GGN 1893, 480}); — absolute עַם Gen 11:6 +, עָם Judg 9:36 +, הָעָם Josh 8:11 +; construct עַם Num 21:29 +; suffix עַמִּי Exod 3:7 +, עַמְּךָ Exod 22:27 +, etc.; plural עַמִּים Isa 2:3 +, עֲמָמִים (compare Biblical Aramaic) Neh 9:22 construct עַמֵּי 1Kgs 8:43 +, עַמְמֵי Neh 9:24 plural with suffix see II. עַם; — (Thes cites following as feminine וְחָטָאת עַמֶּ֑ךָ Exod 5:16 [but corrupt and unintellig.; read perhaps ׳וְחַטָאתָ לְע, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Di]; Judg 18:7 [but ישֶׁבֶת must agree with lost word city, or the like, see GFM]; Jer 8:5 [but read שׁוֺבַב for שׁוֺבְבָה Gie]); —

1. a people, nation (sometimes || גּוֺי), collective noun (singular Exod 21:8; Josh 17:14; Josh 17:15; Josh 17:17; 2Sam 17:29 + often, or plural Exod 20:15; Exod 24:2; Jer 5:31 + often, or both in same clause Exod 1:20; 2Sam 13:24): עַם אֶחָד = all mankind Gen 11:6 (J); peoples in general Gen 27:29 (J; || לְאֻמִּים), Exod 19:5 (E), Deut 2:25; Deut 4:6 + often Deuteronomy; Neh 13:24 + often; קְהַל עַמִּים Gen 28:3 (P) an assembly (multitude) of peoples, Gen 48:4 (P), Ezek 23:24; Ezek 32:3 (+ רַבִּים); one's own people Jer 46:16; Ps 45:11; Ruth 1:10; Ruth 1:15; Ruth 1:16 (twice in verse) + (on עַמִּי נָדִיב Song 6:12 see especially Bu); particular peoples, Egypt Gen 41:40 (E), Exod 1:22 (E), Neh 9:10 +; עַםאֲֿרָם Amos 1:5 עַםכְּֿמוֺשׁ (i.e. Moab) Num 21:29 (JE), Jer 48:46 but especially Israel Exod 1:20 (E) + often; ׳עַםבְּֿנֵי יִשׂ vExod 1:9 (J); called יהוה ׳ע Num 11:29 (E), 1Sam 2:24 +, and (by ׳י) עַמִּי Exod 3:7; Exod 5:1 (J) + often (all periods); קְהַל עַםהָֿאֱלֹהִים Judg 20:2, עַםהַֿקָּהָל Lev 16:33 (P), קְהַל עָם Ps 107:32 especially הָעָם הַזֶּה (often in contempt or disgust) Num 11:1; Num 11:12; Num 11:13 +; figurative of ants Prov 30:25, the shaphan vProv 30:26, locusts Joel 2:2, compare לְעַם לְצִיִּים Ps 74:14 (where read לְעַם צִיִּים Hup-Now). — On Judg 1:16 see עֲמָלֵקִי.

2. = smaller units, e.g.
a. inhabitants of a city Gen 19:4 (J), 1Sam 9:12; 1Sam 9:13; Jer 29:16; Jer 29:25; 2Chr 31:4 + (Jer 8:5 strike out ׳יְרוּוּשׁ ᵐ5 Gie Co Rothst).
b. inhabitants of a locality Jer 37:12 [apparently not = tribe, Deut 33:3 read עַמּוֺ ᵐ5 Di Dr, Hos 10:14; Judg 5:8; Judg 5:14 read בְּעָרֶיךָ We Now; see below ד].
c. retainers, followers Gen 14:16; Gen 32:8; Gen 33:15; Gen 35:6; Judg 3:18; Judg 8:5; 2Sam 15:17; Jer 41:13; Jer 41:14 +.
d. people bearing arms 1Sam 11:11; 1Kgs 20:10 +; כָּבֵד ׳ע Num 20:20 (JE), i.e. a powerful force; עַם הַצָּבָא Num 31:32 (P), הַמִּלְחָמָה ׳ע Josh 8:1; Josh 8:3; Josh 8:11; Josh 10:7; Josh 11:7 (all J E); so probably Judg 5:8 a (fighting) band; perhaps also vJudg 5:14 (read singular ? see GFM Bu).

3. = common people Jer 21:7; Jer 22:4; Lev 4:27 (opposed to ruler vLev 4:22), Neh 5:1 (opposed to יְהוּדִים), Neh 7:5 (opposed to rulers).

4. people in general, persons Gen 50:20 (E), so apparently ׳כָּלהָֿעָם אֲשֶׁר וגו Exod 33:16 (J), Num 11:34 (J), Josh 5:5 (twice in verse) (D), Judg 9:36 (as singular), vJudg 9:37 (as plural), Jer 36:9 persons labouring 1Kgs 9:23 superior persons Job 12:2 (iron.); עַם עוֺלָם Ezek 26:30 people of long ago (now in Sh®°ôl).

5. phrases are:
a. (עַמָּהּ, עַמִּי, עַמְּךָ) בְּנֵי עַמּוֺ members of one's people, compatriots, fellow-countrymen, etc. Num 22:5 (E), Gen 23:11 (P) Lev 19:18 (H), Judg 14:16; Judg 14:17; Ezek 33:2; Ezek 33:12 +.
b. בְּנֵי הָעָם = common people (see 3) 2Kgs 23:6; Jer 26:23 +; people in general שַׁעַר בְּנֵי הָעָם Jer 17:19 i.e. public gate 2Chr 35:5; 2Chr 35:12.
c. עַם הָאָרֶץ the people at large, as a body 2Kgs 11:14; 2Kgs 11:18; 2Kgs 11:19; 2Kgs 11:20; 2Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 16:15; 2Kgs 21:24 (twice in verse) +, Jer 37:2; Jer 44:21; Lev 20:2 (H), Gen 23:7; Gen 23:12; Gen 23:13 (P); common people Jer 34:19, compare ׳הא ׳דַּלַּת ע 2Kgs 24:14 distinguished from prince Ezek 45:22; Ezek 46:3; Ezek 46:9, from priests Hag 2:4; Zech 7:5 = Canaanites Num 14:9 (JE), compare עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ 1Chr 5:25 mixed post-exile population Ezra 4:4.
d. עַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ usually peoples of the earth Josh 4:24 (D), 2Chr 32:19 +; of heathen peoples about and in Palestine after exile Ezra 10:2; Ezra 10:11 traders Neh 10:31 עַמֵּי הָאֲרָצוֺת Neh 9:30; Neh 10:29; 2Chr 32:13.
e. מִשְׁפְּחוֺת עַמִּים Ps 96:7 = 1Chr 16:28 (compare Ps 22:28). feminine בַּתעַֿמִּי = people personified Isa 22:4; Jer 4:11 + 7 t. Jeremiah + Jer 6:14 (van d. H.; omit בַּת Baer Gi), Lam 2:11; Lam 3:48; Lam 4:3; Lam 4:6; Lam 4:10 בְּתוּלַת בַּתעַֿמִּי Jer 14:17.
g. designations of Israel are: עַםקָֿרוֺשׁ Deut 7:6 + 3 t., קְדוֺשִׁים ׳ע Dan 8:24, (ה)קֹדֶשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:12; Isa 63:18; Dan 12:7 סְגֻלָּה ׳ע Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2; Deut 26:18.
h. of foreign (non-Israel) peoples: ׳ע נָכְרִי Exod 21:8 (E), אַחֵר ׳ע Deut 28:32, and especially from language, עִמְקֵי שָׂפָה ׳ע Ezek 3:5 compare vEzek 3:6, כִּלְשׁוֺן עַם וָעָם Neh 13:24 compare Esth 1:22 (twice in verse); Esth 3:12, לֹעֵג ׳ע Ps 114:1.
i. עַם עֶבְרָתִי Isa 10:6, חֶרְמִי ׳ע Isa 34:11, מִֿבְחָרָיו׳ע Dan 11:15, עַמֵּי תּוֺעֵבוֺת הָאֵלֶּה Ezra 9:14 לֹא עַם בִּינוֺת Isa 27:11. — For עַםעֿוֺלָם Isa 44:7 read (אֹתִיּוֺת) (מִי הִשְׁמִי)עַ מֵעוֺלָם Oort Du Kit Che^Hpt compare Perles^{Anal. 40, 64}.

BDB6147 H5971

II. [עַם] noun [masculine] kinsman

**later development of I. עַם RS^{K 58; 2nd ed. 72}. (on father's side) (Arabic paternal uncle, etc., see I. עמם; compare perhaps Tel Amarna ammu, kinsmen (?); on Nabataean עם ancestor compare Lzb^{151, 499}; see also especially Nes^{Eg 187, ZAW xvi (1896), 322f.} Krenkel^{ib. viii (1888), 280-84}); — suffix עַמִּי in בֶּןעַֿמִּי (q. v.), and proper name following; elsewhere plural suffix עַמֶּיךָ Num 27:13; Num 31:2 (Lev 19:16 read עַמְּךָ ᵐ5 ⅏), + (possibly) עֲמָָמֶיךָ Judg 5:14 עַמָּיו Gen 25:8 + 15 t., עַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:14 + 3 t.; read עַמֶּי (for ᵑ0 עַמִּי, I. עַם; compare Krenkel^{l.c. 281}) Gen 49:29 and perhaps Judg 14:3 (compare Lev 21:14); according to Buhl Kit also 2Kgs 4:13 — father's kinsmen: וַיֵּאָסֵף אֶלעַֿמָּיו Gen 25:8 (of joining kinsmen in Sh®°ôl), so vGen 25:17; Gen 35:29; Gen 49:33; Num 20:24; Deut 32:50, compare Gen 49:29 (see above), Num 27:13; Num 31:2; Deut 32:50 (all P); וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ מֵעַמֶּיהָ Gen 17:4 (severed from living kinsmen), so Lev 7:20; Lev 7:21; Lev 7:23; Lev 7:27; Lev 19:8; Lev 23:29; Num 9:13, מִקֶּרֶב עַמֶּיהָ Exod 31:14, compare Exod 30:33; Exod 30:38; Lev 17:9 (all PH); מֵעַמָּיו יִקַּח אִשָּׁה Lev 21:14 (H), and perhaps Judg 14:3 (simile I. עַם: [םָ֯, הָּ֯] מִקֶּרֶב עַמּוֺ Lev 17:4; Lev 17:10; Lev 18:29+); other combinations Judg 5:14 (si vera lectio read perhaps בְּעַמֶּ֑ךָ, see I. עַם 2 d ), Lev 21:1; Lev 21:4; Lev 21:15 (H), Ezek 18:18 and (perhaps) 2Kgs 4:13. — בֶּןעַֿמִּי perhaps = son of my kinsman; on proper name with עַם see Gray^{Prop. N. 41 ff}.

BDB9776 H5971 H5972

עַם noun masculine^{Ezra 6:12} people (see Biblical Hebrew I. עמם, עַם); — ׳ע absolute Dan 2:44; Dan 3:29; Ezra 6:12, construct Dan 7:27 emphatic עַמָּה Ezra 5:12, עַמָּא Ezra 7:13; Ezra 7:16; Ezra 7:25 plural emphatic עַמֲמַיָּא (K^{§§ 15d}); 55, 5 a)) Dan 3:4; Dan 3:7 (twice in verse); Dan 3:31; Dan 5:19; Dan 6:26; Dan 7:14.

people, nations, nation, peoples, folk, …

ʿam

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of Israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

nation, people

people, nation

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: זֶה · dzeh

Noun — masculine singular

In the KJV here: of this

this ×576 and this ×44 in this ×40 of this ×39 is this ×31 these ×21 that ×17 as it is this ×10

More options

this — Default demonstrative; nearest referent in context.

that — Use when referent is more distant or already mentioned.

such — Highlights quality or kind rather than identity.

here — Adverbial use; marks location or present moment.

the same — Emphasizes identity or continuity with prior referent.

it — Pronominal use; when זֶה substitutes for a noun.

BDB6199 H6258 H2088 H2009 H5704 H3588

עַתָּ֫ה₄₃₅ (also Ezek 23:43; Ps 74:6 עת Kt, Qr עַתָּה), עָ֑֫תָּה Gen 32:5 +, adverb of time, now (properly accusative of [`int],עֵת (Kö^{ii. 260}), at the time, in particular of the present time, i.e. now; compare German zur Zeit, Arabic at the time, i.e. now); — now:

1. a. Gen 12:19 ועתה הנה אשׁתך and now, behold thy wife, Gen 22:12 כי עתח ידעתי now, I know (so Exod 18:11; Judg 17:13; 1Kgs 17:24 [עַתָּה זֶה], Ps 20:7), Gen 26:22; Gen 26:29; Gen 27:36; Gen 31:13; Gen 31:28, etc., Exod 5:5 הך רבים עתה עם הארץ; whether in opposed to past time, as Gen 32:11; Josh 14:11 כְּכֹחִי אָז וּכְכֹחִי עָ֑תָּה, Judg 11:8; 1Kgs 12:4; Isa 1:21 ועתה מרצחים, Isa 16:14; Hos 2:9 כִּי טוֺב לִי אָז מַעָ֑תָּה, Hos 13:2, Job 30:1 +, or to future, as Num 24:17 אֶרְאֶנּוּ ולא עתה, Judg 8:6 חֲכַף עַתָּהכְּֿיָדֶ֑ךָ ׳זֶבַח וצ, 1Sam 2:16 כִּי עַתָּה תִּתֵּן; = after all Num 22:38; Judg 8:2 = now at last 2Sam 24:16; 1Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:25; Hos 7:2; Jer 4:12 and in the phrase מעתה ועד עולם Isa 9:6; Isa 59:21; (see below), Ps 113:2; Ps 115:18; Ps 121:8; Ps 125:2; Ps 131:3.
b. of the imminent or impending future: Gen 19:9 עַתָּה נָרַע לְךָ מַהֶם. Gen 29:32 כי עתה יאהבני אישׁי, vGen 29:34; Exod 6:1 עתה תראה, Num 11:23; Num 22:4; 2Sam 20:6; Isa 33:10 (Ps 12:6), Isa 43:19; Isa 49:19; Amos 6:7 לכן עתה יִגְלוּ, Isa 49:19; Mic 7:4; Mic 7:10; Dan 10:20 and especially ἀσυνδέτως in Hosea, introducing a punishment, Hos 4:16 ׳וגו ׳עתה יִרְעֵם י Hos 5:7; Hos 8:8; Hos 8:13 (Jer 14:10), Jer 10:2.
c. of a time ideally present (= then, from our point of view): Isa 29:22 לא עתה יבושׁ יעקב, v^b Hos 10:3; Mic 4:9; Mic 4:10; Mic 4:11; Mic 4:14; Mic 5:3.
d. describing a present state = as things are: 1Sam 8:5 thou art old, etc., עתה שִׂימָה לנו מלך, 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 13:12; 1Sam 14:30; 1Sam 25:7b; 1Sam 27:1 now I shall be swept away one day, etc., 2Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 18:25; Job 6:21; Job 14:16; Job 16:7.
e. with an Imperative, as an encouragement, implying that the time has come for the exhortation or advice to be followed, Gen 31:13 עתה קים צא, Exod 18:19 עתה שְׁמַע בקולי, Num 22:11; Deut 2:13; 1Sam 30:8.

2. Phrases:
a. עַתָּה זֶה (זְה 4 h) 1Kgs 17:24; 2Kgs 5:22.
b. ועתה and, now, or now, therefore (וְ 4), drawing a conclusion, especially (compare 1 e) a practical one, from what has been stated: Gen 3:22 and now (since man has once been disobedient), lest he put forth his hand, etc., Gen 20:7; Gen 20:23 וְעַתָּה הִשָּֽׁבְעָה לִי הֵ֫נָּה, Gen 27:3; Gen 27:8 ועתה בני שְׁמַע בקולי, Gen 30:30; Gen 31:16; Gen 31:44; Gen 37:20 + often, Isa 5:3; Isa 5:5; Ps 2:10; Gen 11:6 ׳ועתה לאֹיִֿבָּצֵר מֵהֶם וגו, Gen 31:30; Gen 45:8; 2Sam 19:11; Ps 39:8 ועתה מַהקִּֿזִּיתִי אֲדֹנָי, Isa 52:5,
c. וְעַתָּה הִנֵּה stating the ground on which some conclusion or action is to be based, Exod 3:9; Josh 14:10 (twice in verse); 1Sam 12:2; 1Sam 24:21; 1Kgs 1:18; Jer 40:4 (with ועתה usually repeated afer the הנה-clause).
d. גם עתה Gen 44:10; 1Sam 12:16; 1Kgs 14:14; Joel 2:12; Job 16:19.
e. מֵעַתָּה from now, henceforth, Jer 3:4; Isa 48:6; Dan 10:17 (according to some, here = from just now), 2Chr 16:9 מעתה ועד עוּלּסּ, see above 1 a end. feminine עַדעַֿתָּה until now, Gen 32:5, ׳וֶאֵחַר עדעֿ, Deut 12:9 ׳אל הנחלה לא באתם עד ע (opposed to the future), 2Kgs 13:23 especially after clause with מִן, 2Kgs 46:34 ׳מִנְּעוּרֵינוּ וְעַדעֿ (2Sam 19:8; Ezek 4:14), Exod 9:18; 2Kgs 8:6; Ruth 2:7.
g. כִּי עַתָּה for in this case, in our idiom, for them (עתה pointing to a condition assumed as a possible contingency: compare Dr^{§ 141, 142}); (a) Exod 9:15 כי עתה ׳שׁלחתי וגו for then (if the intention expressed in vExod 9:14 had not existed) I should have put forth my hand, etc., Num 22:29 כי עתה הֲרַגְתִּיךְ, 1Sam 13:13; Job 3:13 followed by imperfect Job 6:3 for then (if it were weighed, vJob 6:2) it would be heavier, etc., Job 13:19 for then would I be silent and die; (b) after a protasis, surely then Gen 31:42 + (see כִּי 1 d b, p. 472). — Note. Read כְּמוֺ עַתָּ) (ᵐ5 ᵑ9) as now, for כְּמוֺ עֵת Ezek 16:57, עַתָּ נִשְׁבַּרְתְּ (ᵐ5 ᵑ6 ᵑ9) now art thou broken ! for עֵת נִשְׁבֶּרֶת Ezek 27:34, and probably עַתָּ בָּא (Hi We Kö Now, compare ᵐ5 ᵑ6) for עֶתבּֿאֹ Hag 1:2 also עַתָּה for אַתָּה 1Kgs 1:20, and אַתָּה for עַתָּה v1Kgs 1:18b 2Sam 18:3.

BDB9422 H1668 H2090 H2088

ד

דָּא demonstrative pronoun feminine this (= Biblical Hebrew זֹה: Zinjirli Têma, Cappadocian, Egyptian Aramaic זא, Nabataean דא, Palmyrene דה (Lzb^{264: Eph. i. 323} Cooke²⁶), ᵑ7 דא: see further below Biblical Hebrew זֶה. The corresponding masculine is דְּנָה); — this, Dan 4:27 הֲלָא דָיא בַּבֶל רַבְּתָא, Dan 5:6 דָּא לְדָא נָ֧קְשָׁן one striking against another, similarly Dan 7:3 (compare זֶה 1 b), vDan 7:8 בְקַרְנָאדָֿא.

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb^{267. 446} RES³⁶¹ S-C^{Pap. A 2} +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K^{§ 103.}

2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K^{§ 81.}

3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.

4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb²⁹³ SAC^{G1 62, 63} Cooke^{369 b RES:361}; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

this, that, side, these, hence, …

ze

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

this, this one, here, which, this...that, the one...the other, another, such

(alone)

this one

this

this, such

then

wherein, which, those who

in this (place) here, then

וְ אָזְנָ֥י ו

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אָזְנָ֥י

Root word ears, ear, audience, hearing, me, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: אֹזֶן · oh-DZEN

Noun — Common, feminine dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: and make their ears

in the ears ×22 thine ear ×16 ear ×9 their ear ×7 in mine ears ×6 the ear ×6 his ear ×5 his ears ×4

More options

ear — Standard, neutral term; fits most prose and poetry contexts.

hearing — Use when the sense is 'within someone's hearing/audience'.

attention — Idiomatic for phrases like 'lend an ear'; signals receptivity.

audience — Formal register; suits proclamation or official speech contexts.

perception — Emphasizes cognitive reception of sound, not just the organ.

BDB263 H241

אֹ֫זֶן₁₈₈ noun feminine: Exod 29:20 ear (Arabic , Aramaic , אוּדְנָא, Assyrian uznu, Ethiopic ) — absolute 2Sam 22:45 +; construct Exod 29:20 +; suffix אָזְנִי 1Sam 20:2 +, etc.; dual אָזְנַיִם (נָ֑יִם) Deut 29:3 +; construct אָזְנֵי Gen 23:10 +; suffix אָזְנַי (נָֿ֑י) Num 14:28 +; (never with article). —

1. ear, as part of body; of human being, as bearing earring Gen 35:4; Exod 32:2; Exod 32:3 (all J E) Ezek 16:12 pierced by a master Exod 21:6 (E) Deut 15:17 touched with blood in consecration (׳תְּנוּךְ א tip of ear) Lev 8:23; Lev 8:24; Lev 14:14; Lev 14:17; Lev 14:25; Lev 14:28 cut off by enemy Ezek 23:25 (of אָהֳלִיבָה q. v.); ear of dog Prov 26:17 מַחֲזִיק בְּאָזְנֵיכָּֿ֑לֶב; of sheep Amos 3:12 (fragment rescued from lion).

2. especially as organ of hearing,
a. of man Deut 29:3; 2Sam 22:45 = Ps 18:45; Job 42:5; Isa 30:21 implanted (נטע) by ׳י Ps 94:9 of idols (do not hear) Ps 115:6; Ps 135:17 ׳שָׁמַע בא 2Sam 7:22 + 8 t.; especially ׳בְּא after verb of saying = in the ears, in the hearing of Gen 20:8 (E) Gen 23:10; Gen 23:13; Gen 23:16 (P) Gen 44:18; Gen 50:4 (J) Deut 5:1; Deut 31:11; Deut 31:28; Deut 31:30 + 44 t.; compare Isa 5:9 (verb omitted); after noun of utterance, sound 1Sam 15:14; Job 13:17; Job 15:21 compare ׳א after verbal noun Ezek 24:26 (׳לְהַשְׁמָעוּת א) compare Isa 11:3 ׳הִטָּה א incline the ear = give attention Ps 45:11; Prov 22:17 + 9 t.; followed by ל Ps 49:5 + 4 t.; so ׳הִקְשִׁיב א Isa 32:3; Prov 2:2 (followed by ל); ׳ל ׳הֵבִיא א Prov 23:2 as receiving words תָּקַּח ׳א Job 4:12 compare Jer 9:19 as tingling (צלל) at dreadful news 1Sam 3:11; 2Kgs 21:12; Jer 19:3 as hearing with satisfaction, triumph Ps 92:12 תִּשְׁמַעְנָה אָזְנָי֑ (|| ׳וַתַּבֵּט עֵינִי בְּ but Che strike out; as intelligent (involving mental process) וַתָּבֶן לָהּ ׳שָֽׁמְעָה א Job 13:1 מִלִּין תִּבְחָ֑ן ׳א Job 12:11 compare Job 34:3 as unsatisfied Eccl 1:8 מִשְּׁמֹעַ ׳לֹא תִמָּלֵא א; as seeking (בקשׁ) know-ledge Prov 18:15 as hearing & blessing Job 29:11 compare שֹׁמַעַת ׳א Prov 20:12; Prov 25:12 a hearing (responsive, obedient) ear; compare Prov 15:31; Isa 43:8 opposed to stopping the ears (wilful ignorance) מִןֿ ׳אֹטֵם א Prov 21:13 cf Isa 33:15 also of adder in simile of wicked Ps 58:5 כְּמוֺ פֶתֶן חֵרֵשׁ יַאְטֵם אָזְנוֺ; מִןֿ ׳מֵסִיר א Prov 28:9 so ׳עֲרֵלָה א their ear is uncircumcised Jer 6:10 ׳הִכְּבִּיד א Zech 7:11 compare Isa 48:8; Jer 5:21; Ezek 12:2 compare also Isa 42:20.
b. of Yahweh, ׳י ׳בְּא after verb of utterance Num 11:18 (J) Num 14:28 (P) 1Sam 8:21; Ezek 8:18 after עָלָה 2Kgs 19:28 = Isa 37:29 after בּוֺא Ps 18:7 compare 2Sam 22:7 where verb omitted; so also (after noun without verb) Num 11:1 (J) ׳י ׳בְּא 1Chr 28:8 nearly = in presence of; incline the ear ׳הִטָּה א 2Kgs 19:16 = Isa 37:17; Dan 9:18; Ps 86:1 followed by לְ Ps 17:6; Ps 88:3; Ps 116:2 followed by אֶלֿ Ps 31:3; Ps 71:2; Ps 102:3 ׳הִקְשִׁיב א Ps 10:17 ׳קַשֻּׁבוֺת לְ א 2Chr 6:40; 2Chr 7:15 compare Ps 130:2 id. followed by אֶלֿ Neh 1:6; Neh 1:11 verb omitted אֶלֿ ׳א Ps 34:16 compare Isa 59:1 ׳לֹא כָֽבְדָה א; Lam 3:56 ׳ל ׳אַלתַּֿעְלֵם א.

3. ׳גָּלָה אopen ears of, reveal to, subject man 1Sam 20:2; 1Sam 20:12; 1Sam 20:13; 1Sam 22:8 (twice in verse); 1Sam 22:17; Ruth 4:4 subject ׳י 1Sam 9:15; 2Sam 7:27; 1Chr 17:25 לְמוּסָר ׳א ׳גּ Job 36:10, compare vJob 36:15 ׳כָּרָה א Ps 40:7 לִשְׁמֹעַ ׳יָעִירלִי א Isa 50:4 ׳פָּתַחלִֿי א Isa 50:5 compare חֵרְשִׁים תִּפָּתַחְנָה ׳וְא Isa 35:5 opposed to judicial deafness Mic 7:16; Isa 6:10.

ears, ear, audience, hearing, me, …

ʾōzen

broadness. i.e., (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)

ear, as part of the body

הַכְבֵּ֖ד

Root word honour, heavy, honourable, glorify, glorified, …

Dictionary form: כָּבַד · kaw-BAHD

Verb — Hiphil, Imperative, second person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: heavy

heavy ×7 glorious ×4 honour ×4 glorify ×3 was heavy ×3 doth honour ×2 hardened ×2 he was more honourable ×2

More options

honor — Best default; covers most uses across contexts.

heavy — Prefer for physical or emotional weight/burden.

glorify — Use in liturgical or theological contexts.

weighty — Captures both literal heaviness and figurative importance.

harden — Specific to stubbornness contexts, e.g. hardened heart.

distinguished — Prefer when describing high social status or rank.

BDB3882 H3513

כָּבֵד verb be heavy, weighty, burdensome, honoured (Late Hebrew Pi`el honour, and derivatives, כֹּבֶד weight; Phoenician proper name, feminine כבדת = honoured one, and in compound proper name; Ethiopic be heavy, etc.; Assyrian kabâdu or kabâtu, grow or be heavy, Dl^HWB; compare Arabic difficulty, distress; III. struggle with difficulties, etc.; Zinjirli כבדו honour, DHM^{Sendsch. 58}; Sabean כבודת gifts of honour, = Hebrew נדבה freewill offering DHM^{ZMG 1883, 341 f.} —

Qal Perfect ׳כ Isa 24:20 3 feminine singular כָּֽבְדָה Gen 18:20 + 4 t.; כָּבֵ֑דָה Judg 20:34 3 masculine plural כָּֽבְדוּ Gen 48:10 Imperfect יִכְבַּד Exod 9:7; Isa 66:5 יִכְבָּ֑ד Job 6:3; Job 33:7 + 10 t. Imperfect (כָּבֵד Gen 12:10 + is given as 3 masculine Perfect by some; but it is probably taken better as adjective SS make כָּבֵד Ps 38:5 infinitive absolute; < Thes adjective ). —

1. be heavy, in weight, of misfortune, heavier than sand Job 6:3 of God's hand in punishment 1Sam 5:11, with אֶל 1Sam 5:6 עַל Ps 32:4 of man's hand in war Judg 1:35 יָדִי כָּֽבְדָה עַלאַֿנְחָתִי my hand is heavy upon my groaning Job 23:2 is explained by ᵑ7 Hrz Schlottm as hand smiting me; but read rather with ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Ew De Reu Di יָדוֺ of God's hand; of pressure אַכְפִּי Job 33:7 (ᵐ5 כַּפִּי); = vehement, sore, of battle Judg 20:34 with אֶל 1Sam 31:3 = עַל 1Chr 10:3 burdensome, grievous; וְלֹא נִכְבַּד עָלֶי֑ךָ lest we be burdensome unto thee 2Sam 13:23 of work laid upon one, bondage, with עַל Exod 5:9 (JE) Neh 5:18 of sin conceived as a burden Gen 18:20 (J), iniquities Ps 38:5 transgressions, with עַל Isa 24:20.

2. heavy, insensible, dull,of the eyes, so as to be unable to see Gen 48:10 (JE); of the ears Isa 59:1 of the לֵב, hard, insensible Exod 9:7 (J; P and E's synonym is חָזַק, q. v.)

3. be honoured (compare βαρύς) of a man Job 14:21 (opposed to יצערו: compare Hiph`il 3 ), of Tyre Ezek 27:25, of Yahweh Isa 66:5.

Niph`al Perfect נִכְבַּד 2Sam 6:20, נִכְבָּ֔ד 2Sam 23:19; 2Sam 23:23; 1Chr 11:21 נִכְבַּדְתָּ Isa 43:4 + 2 t. Perfect; Imperfect אֶכָּבֵד Lev 10:3; Isa 49:5 אִכָּֽבְדָה Exod 14:4; Exod 14:17 אִכָּבֵ֑דָה 2Sam 6:22 אִכָּֽבְדָ֯ Hag 1:8 Imperative הִכָּבֵד 2Kgs 14:10 Infinitive הִכָּֽבְדִי Exod 14:18; Ezek 39:13 Participle נִכְבָּד Gen 34:19 + 6 t.; plural נִכְבָּדִים Num 22:15 construct נִכְבַּדֵּי Isa 23:8; Isa 23:9; Prov 8:24 נִכְבַּדֶּיהָ Nah 3:10 נִכְבְּדֵיהֶם Ps 149:8 Plural feminine נִכְבָּדוֺת Ps 87:3 —

1. passive
a. be made heavy from abundance, מַעְיָנוֺת נִכְבַּדֵּיֿ מָ֑יִם fountains abounding in water Prov 8:24.
b. be honoured, enjoy honour, of man 1Sam 9:6; 1Sam 22:14; 2Sam 6:20; 2Sam 6:22; 2Sam 23:19 = 1Chr 11:21; 2Sam 23:23; 2Kgs 14:10; Isa 43:4; Isa 49:5; 1Chr 4:9 וַיְהִי נִכְבָּד, 1Chr 11:25 נִכְבָּד הוּא (altered from 2Sam 23:23); but more frequent in participle as substantive honourable, honoured, distinguished man Gen 34:19; Num 22:15 (JE) Isa 3:5; Isa 23:8; Isa 23:9; Nah 3:10; Ps 149:8 נִכְבָּדוֺת Ps 87:3 glorious things; הַשֵּׁם הַנִּכְבָּד וְהַנּוֺרָא Deut 28:58 the glorious and awe-inspiring name (of Yahweh).

2. medial, get oneself glory (or honour), of God Isa 26:15; Ezek 28:22; Ezek 39:13; Hag 1:8 with בְּ in or by any one Exod 14:4; Exod 14:17; Exod 14:18 (P); עַלפְּֿנֵי Lev 10:3 (P).

Piel Perfect 2 masculine suffix כִּבַּדְתָּ֫נִי Isa 43:23 3 masculine plural כִּבְּדוּ 1Sam 6:6 + 3 t. Perfect; Imperfect יְכַבֵּד Mal 1:6 + 3 t.; suffix יְכַבְּדָ֑נְנִי Ps 50:23 3 feminine singular suffix תְּכַבְּדֵנִי Isa 43:20 אֲכַבְּדָה Ps 86:12 + 12 t. Imperfect; Imperative כַּבֵּד Exod 20:12 + 2 t.; + 3 t. Imperative; Infinitive absolute כַּבֵּד Num 22:17 + 2 t. Infinitive; Participle מְכַבֵּד 2Sam 10:3 + 4 t. Participle; —

1. make heavy, insensible (compare Qal 2) the לב(בׅ 1Sam 6:6 (twice in verse).

2. make honourable, honour, glorify, usually with human subject:
a. human object, parents Exod 20:12 = Deut 5:16 Dec.), Mal 1:6 Balaam Num 22:17 (twice in verse); Num 22:37; Num 24:11 (twice in verse)(JE); sons of Eli 1Sam 2:29 Saul 1Sam 15:30 Nahash 2Sam 10:3 = 1Chr 19:3 Jerusalem Lam 1:8 more generally Ps 15:4 subject God 1Sam 2:30b Ps 91:15, compare Prov 4:8.
b. object things, sacred place Isa 60:13 (God subject); the Sabbath Isa 58:13.
c. God object 1Sam 2:30 a Isa 24:15; Isa 25:3; Isa 43:20; Ps 22:24; Ps 50:15; Ps 50:23; Prov 14:31 + accusative of thing זבחיך Isa 43:23 + בְּ instrumental (lips) Isa 29:13 + (מֵהוֺנֶ֑ךָ) מִן Prov 3:9 object the name of ׳י, with accusative Ps 86:12 with לְ Ps 86:9 object the ׳מַלְאַךְ י Judg 13:17.
d. subject indefinite (si vera lectio), object God and man Judg 9:9 (of olive; on text, especially בּוֺ for בִּי, see GFM).
e. object a heathen god לֶאֱלֹהַּ Dan 11:38 (twice in verse).

Pu`al be made honourable, honoured. Imperfect יְכֻבָּ֑ד Prov 13:18; Prov 27:18 Participle מְכֻבָּד Isa 58:13.

Hiph`il Perfect הִכְבִּיד Lam 3:7 + 5 t.; 2 feminine הִכְבַּדְתְּ Isa 47:6 + 4 t. Perfect; Imperfect וַיַּכְבֵּד Exod 8:28; Exod 9:34 Imperative הַכְבֵּד Isa 6:10 Infin. absolute הַכְבֵּד Exod 8:11 construct הַכְבִּיד 2Chr 25:19 Participle מַכְבִּיד Hab 2:6. —

1. make heavy, a yoke 1Kgs 12:10; 1Kgs 12:14 = 2Chr 10:10; 2Chr 10:14; Isa 47:6 elliptical with עַל Neh 5:15 a chain Lam 3:7 pledges, with עַל Hab 2:6.

2. make heavy, dull, unresponsive, the ears Isa 6:10; Zech 7:11 the לֵב Exod 8:11; Exod 8:28; Exod 9:34; Exod 10:1(J).

3. cause to be honoured, of depopulated districts of northeast Israel, Isa 8:23, of restored nation Jer 30:19 (|| לא יצערו); shew or display honour, 2Chr 25:19 לְהַכְבִּיד (in || 2Kgs 14:10 הִכָּבֵד).

Hithpa`el Imperative הִתְכַּבֵּד Nah 3:15 f. הִתְכַּבְּדִי Nah 3:15 Participle מִתְכַּבֵּד Prov 12:9 —

1. make oneself heavy, dense, numerous (compare כָּבֵד 1 b) as locusts Nah 3:15 (twice in verse).

2. honour oneself Prov 12:9.

honour, heavy, honourable, glorify, glorified, …

kābad

to be heavy, i.e., in a bad sense (burdensome, severe, dull) or in a good sense (numerous, rich, honorable); causatively, to make weighty (in the same two senses)

to be heavy, be weighty, be grievous, be hard, be rich, be honorable, be glorious, be burdensome, be honored

(Qal)

to be heavy

to be made heavy, be honored, enjoy honor, be made abundant

to make heavy, make dull, make insensible

to make heavy

to make oneself heavy, make oneself dense, make oneself numerous

וְ עֵינָ֣י ו

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

עֵינָ֣י

Root word eyes, sight, eye, seemeth, colour, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: עַיִן · ah-YIN

Noun — Common, both dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: their eyes

in the sight ×109 mine eyes ×45 thine eyes ×42 his eyes ×39 in thy sight ×26 the eyes ×22 in the eyes ×20 eye ×16

More options

eye — Core anatomical meaning; singular, most versatile starting point.

sight — Prefer for phrases like 'in the sight of'; perception sense.

spring — Use when the referent is a water source, not a body part.

appearance — Suits contexts describing color, resemblance, or visual quality.

presence — Idiomatic in phrases meaning 'before someone'; relational nuance.

opinion — For idioms like 'in his own eyes'; subjective judgment sense.

BDB5892 H5772 H5771 H5869

[עוֺנָה] Qr, [ עֵינָה] Kt noun feminine only suffix Hos 10:10: Qr plural עוֺנֹתָם Baer, singular עוֺנָתָם Ginsb; > עֵינֹתָם Kt; but read עֲוֺנֹתָם, see עָוֺן 1 a..

BDB5893 H5869

עֹוֵן Kt 1Sam 18:9 see עין.

עִוְעִים see below I. עוה.

BDB6014 H5869

I. עַ֫יִן₈₅₉ noun feminine^{Gen 3:7} and (Zech 3:9; Zech 4:10 Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 75}) masculine eye (ancient Semitic word; √ and relation to II. ׳ע unknown; Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician ען; ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא Palmyrene עינא Zinjirli suffix עיני, עינך Syriac ; Assyrian ênu, enu, Tel Amarna suffix inaya and (apparently Canaanite gloss —inaya; Arabic ; Ethiopic ); — absolute ׳ע Exod 21:4 +, construct עֵין vExod 21:26 +; suffix עֵינִי Gen 44:21 + (2Sam 16:12 read עָנְיִי Vrss Comm.), עֵינְךָ Deut 7:16 +, עֵינֵנוּ Ps 35:21 (2Sam 20:6 see נצל Hiph`il); suffix 3 masculine plural עֵינָם Isa 13:18 (Zech 5:6 read עֲוֺנָם ᵐ5 We Gr Now), עֵינֵמוֺ Ps 73:7 (but read עֲוֺנָמוֺ see Commentaries); usually dual עֵינַיִם Gen 20:16 +, עֵינָ֑יִם Isa 3:16 +, especially construct עֵינֵי Gen 3:7 +, עֵנֵי Isa 3:8 suffix עֵינַי Gen 31:10 +, עֵינֶיךָ Judg 6:17 +, etc. (Hos 10:10 read עֲוֺנֹתָם compare ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Che We Gr Now); — eye:

1. literally as physical organ,
a. of man Exod 21:6 (3 t. in verse) (E), Gen 3:6 (J) +, Lev 21:20; Lev 24:20 (twice in verse); Lev 26:16 (H; very rarely P, e.g. Deut 34:4; Deut 34:7), 2Kgs 4:34 (twice in verse) +; once שְׁתֵּי עֵינַי Judg 16:28.
b. anthropomorph. of ׳י Ps 33:18; Ps 34:16 +.
c. of idols Ps 115:5; Ps 135:16.
d. of beasts Gen 30:41 (J), Job 40:24 (hippop., si vera lectio, but probably corrupt Di Siegf Bu Du where see conjectures), Job 41:10 (crocodile); bird Job 28:7; Job 39:29; .
e. in wheels Ezek 1:18 compare Ezek 10:12 on stone Zech 3:9 (all in visions). feminine subject of ראה see Gen 45:12 (twice in verse) (E), + (often Deuteronomy), with חזה Ps 11:4 men see ׳בְּע Deut 3:27; 2Kgs 7:12 +; especially ׳נָשָׂא ע + ראה Gen 13:10; Gen 10:14 (J) +; compare לְכָלמַֿרְאֵה עֵינֵי הַכֹּהֵן Lev 13:12 = as far as the priest can see, ׳מַרְאֵה ע Deut 28:34 what is seen by the eyes = vDeut 28:67; Eccl 6:9.
g. as affected by sleep, see שֵׁנָה below [יָשֵׁן].
h. as weeping, מְקוֺר דִּמְעָה ׳ע Jer 8:23, נִגְּרָה ׳ע Lam 3:49, ׳דָּֽלְפָה ע Job 16:20 see also Jer 31:16; Ps 116:8, and ירד Qal 3 c. i. as growing dim, see I. כָּהָה, חָשַׁךְ 3; with כָּבֵד Gen 48:10 (E), קוּם 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4, שָׁעַע Isa 32:3; Isa 6:10 (Hiph`il); with כָּלָה pine, languish, see ׳כ Qal 2 b, Pi`el 2 b, with דָּאַב Ps 88:10, עָשַׁשׁ Ps 6:8; Ps 31:10, דָּלַל Isa 38:14.
j. with פָּקַח open, after sleep Job 27:19, sleep of death 2Kgs 4:35 = keep awake Prov 20:13 (opposed to שֵׁנָה); of new power of vision Gen 3:5; Gen 3:7 (J), given by God Gen 21:19 (E), 2Kgs 6:17 (twice in verse); so (with וַיְגַל) Num 22:31 (JE); = give sight to blind 2Kgs 6:20 (twice in verse); Isa 35:5; Isa 42:7; Ps 146:8 of God (׳י) opening his eyes, ׳פָּקַח ע 2Kgs 19:16 = Isa 37:17; Dan 9:18, + עַלֿ Jer 32:19; Zech 12:4; Job 14:3 עַל {abbrev}שִׂי֥֥ ע Gen 44:21 (J) Jer 39:12; Jer 40:4, + לטובה Jer 24:6, + לרעה Amos 9:4 with פָּתַח + אֶלֿ 1Kgs 8:29 = 2Chr 6:20; 1Kgs 8:52; Neh 1:6, + ל 2Chr 6:40; 2Chr 7:15 + infinitive Neh 1:6. — Num 24:3; Num 24:15 see שׁתם
k. ׳אוֺר ע etc., = revive, see אור

verb Qal, Hiph`il; noun, 10.

1. ׳קָרַץ ע = wink Ps 35:19; Prov 10:10, ׳בְּע ׳ק Prov 6:13. masculine ׳יִרְזְמוּן ע Job 15:12 i.e. roll (in anger).
n. ׳ל ׳לָטַשׁ ע Job 16:9 whet eyes against = 'look daggers at.'
o. put out eye, see עִוֵּר, נקר
p. as feature of beauty, ׳יְפֵה ע Deut 16:12 compare Song 4:9; Song 7:5, יוֺנִים ׳ע Song 1:15; Song 4:1 and Song 5:12 (כְּיוֺנִים); on other hand, לֵאָה רַכּוֺת ׳ע Gen 29:17 (E); ׳וַתָּשֶׂם בַּפּוּךְ ע 2Kgs 9:30 (see פּוּךְ), compare Jer 4:30, ׳כָּחַל ע Ezek 23:40 paint the eyes .
q. apple of the eye, see אִישׁוֺן, [בָּבָה], בַּת

6. r. ׳גַּבֹּת ע Lev 14:9 eyebrows.
s. ׳חַכְלִילִי ע מִָיּ֑יִן Gen 49:12, ׳חַכְלִילוּת ע Prov 23:29 (see ׳ח); ׳מְאוֺר ע Prov 15:30, see Toy.

2. a. eyes as shewing mental qualities: arrogance גַבְהוּת ׳ע Isa 2:11, גְבֹהִים ׳ע Isa 5:15, ׳גְּבַהּעֿ Ps 101:5, ׳תִּפְאֶרֶת רוּם ע Isa 10:12 with רוּם also Ps 18:28 (so read also || 2Sam 22:28 Hup HPS), 2Sam 131:1; Prov 6:17; Prov 21:4 humility, ׳שַׁח ע Job 22:29 mockery, תִּלְעַג לְ ׳ע Prov 30:17 compare בְּ ׳רָעָה ע Deut 15:9 (grudging), Deut 28:54; Deut 28:56 (id.); especially (עַל) אַלתָּֿחֹס ׳ע not have pity on Deut 7:16 + 4 t. Deuteronomy; Ezek 5:11 + 8 t. Ezekiel; Isa 13:18, also Gen 45:20 (E; = not regret); compare ׳נֹחַם יִסָּתֵר מֵע Hos 13:14.
b. ׳מַחְמַד ע Ezek 24:16 desire of the eyes, so vEzek 24:21 vEzek 24:25 ׳שִׁקּוּצֵי ע Ezek 20:7 abominations of the eyes, so vEzek 20:8. — Ps 73:7 see חֵלֶב.

3. Figurative of mental and spiritual faculties, acts and states:
a. ׳תִּפָּקַחְנָה ע Gen 3:5; Gen 3:7 (J) Isa 42:7, ׳גְּלּוּי ע Num 24:4; Num 24:16 (JE); also ׳טַח מֵרְאוֺת ע Isa 44:18 ׳אֶליֿ ׳ע Ps 123:2 (see vPs 123:2 vPs 123:2 for origin of figurative), +; of ׳י, Ps 33:18 (i.e. his favour) Ps 34:16 (id. +.
b. הַזִּנוֺת ׳ע Ezek 6:9 ׳תִּשְׂבַּע ע Eccl 1:8; Eccl 4:8 ׳שָֽׁאֲלוּ ע Eccl 2:10 לְֹנכַח יַבִּיטוּ ׳ע Prov 4:25 ׳טוֺבעֿ Prov 22:9 = bountiful, רַע עָ֑יִן Prov 23:6 = niggardly one, so Prov 28:22 eye as avenue of temptation Job 31:1; Job 31:7 ׳שִׁית ע Ps 17:11 = designation
c. especially בְּעֵינֵי, with adjective and intransitive verbs, in the view, opinion, of Gen 16:4; Gen 16:5 (J), Gen 21:11; Gen 21:12 (E), Gen 34:18 (P), + often; with active verb 2Sam 10:3 = 1Chr 19:3; Esth 1:17; Esth 3:6 ׳הַטּוֺב בְּע Gen 16:6; Gen 19:14 (J), +, i.e. what one pleases, Num 36:6 (P) whom they please; ׳הַיָּשָׁר בְּע Deut 12:8; Deut 12:25 +, ׳הַטּוֺב וְהַיָּשָׁר בְּע vDeut 12:28; Josh 9:25 (D), ׳הָרַע בְּע Judg 2:11; Judg 3:7; Deut 4:25 + especially D and Kings (R^D); so לְנֶגֶד עיניו 2Sam 22:25 = Ps 18:25 אַחֲרֵי עֵינֵיכֶם Num 15:39 = according to your wish, fancy (+ לְבַבְכֶם).
d. ׳נֶעְלָם מֵע Lev 4:13 i.e. hid from knowledge of, so Num 5:13 (both P), Job 28:21 ׳מֵע Num 15:24 (P) without the knowledge of; מִן ׳אַעְלִים ע Isa 1:15 = disregard, pay no attention; compare Lev 20:4 (H) Ezek 22:26 without מִן, absolute, Prov 28:27 ׳נִסְתְּרוּ מֵע Isa 65:16, ׳וַיַּסְתֵּר עָמָל מֵע Job 3:10 בּוֺ ׳אַעְלִים ע (i.e. בַּכֹּפֶר) 1Sam 12:3 (נעלים sandals + ענו בי ᵐ5 Th We Kit, compare Ecclus^{xlvi. 19}; Bu HPS insert ענו בי); ׳הַשֹּׁחַד יְעַוֵּר ע Deut 16:19, compare ׳כְּסוּת ע Gen 20:16 (E).

4. Transferred meanings:
a. visible surface of earth Exod 10:5; Exod 10:15 (J) Num 22:5; Num 22:11 (JE).
b. appearance Lev 13:5 (P; reading בְּעֵינוֺ Di Kau Dr-Wh), vLev 13:37 (P; reading id.), vLev 13:55 (P) Num 11:7 (twice in verse) (JE); so apparently dual 1Sam 16:7.
c. gleam, sparkle (of metal, jewels, etc.) Ezek 1:4; Ezek 1:7; Ezek 1:16; Ezek 1:22; Ezek 1:27; Ezek 8:2; Ezek 10:9; Dan 10:6 of wine Prov 23:31.

5. Other phrases are: ׳תַּחַת ע ׳ע Exod 21:24 (E) = Lev 24:20 (H), = ׳בְּע ׳ע Deut 19:21, all = an eye for an eye; ׳בְּע ׳ע = eye to eye, Num 14:14 (P) Isa 52:8 (figurative), compare תִּרְאֶינָה ׳אֶתעֿ ׳וְע Jer 32:4; Jer 34:3 especially לְעֵינֵי in the presence of, in full view of Gen 42:24 (E) Gen 47:19 (J) Exod 4:30 (J) Num 19:5 (P), + oft; of business transaction Jer 32:12 (twice in verse); Gen 23:11; Gen 23:18 (P); so ׳נֶגֶד ע Joel 1:16, ׳לְנֶגֶד ע Job 4:16, and even ׳בְּע 1Sam 21:14; Ezra 3:12 ׳נִגְרַזְתּי מִנֶּגֶד ע Ps 31:23 ׳בֵּין ע = on the forehead Exod 13:9; Exod 13:16 (JE) Deut 6:8; Deut 11:18; Deut 14:1; Dan 8:5; Dan 8:21.

BDB6016 H5869 H5871 H5878 H5875 H5883 H5886 H8179

II. עַ֫יִן noun feminine spring (of water) (connection with I. ׳ע dubious; Late Hebrew id., Phoenician ען; Assyrian ênu, înu; Arabic ; Ethiopic ; Palmyrene עינא, ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא; Syriac ); — absolute ׳ע 1Sam 29:1 +, עָ֑יִן Gen 49:22 +, הָעַ֫יְנָה Gen 24:16; Gen 24:45 construct עֵין vGen 24:13 +; plural עֲיָנֹת Deut 8:7, וֺת- 2Chr 32:3 construct עֵינוֺת Exod 15:27 = Num 33:9, עִינוֺת Prov 8:28 (Ges^{«GKC:93v»§ 93v}); — spring Gen 16:7; Gen 24:16; Gen 24:29; Gen 24:30; Gen 24:42; Gen 24:45 (all J) Gen 49:22 (poem in J), 1Sam 29:1 עֵין חַמַּיִם Gen 16:7; Gen 24:13; Gen 24:43 (J), compare Exod 15:27 (J) Num 33:9 (P); ׳נַחֲלֵי מַיִם ע וּתְחֹמֹת Deut 8:7 מֵימֵי הָעֲיָנוֺת 2Chr 32:3 תְּהוֺם ׳ְ Prov 8:28 (i.e. of the sea); figurative עֵין יַעֲקֹב Deut 33:28 (poem), i.e. Jacob's descendants. Particular springs are:
a. חֲרֹד ׳ע Judg 7:1 (on location compare GFM).
b. הַקּוֺרֵא ׳ע (partridge-spring) Judg 15:19 (compare id.).
c. רֹגֵּל ׳ע near Jerusalem (early sanctuary RS^{Sem i. 157, 2nd ed. 172}) 2Sam 17:17 compare 1Kgs 1:2, on border of Judah Josh 15:7, and Benjamin Josh 18:16.
d. הַתַּנִּין ׳ע (dragon-spring) Neh 2:13 (= c ? so RS^l.c.). — On שַׁעַר הָעַיִן Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 see שַׁעַר

BDB8929 H8179 H5869

שַׁ֫עַר₃₇₃ noun masculine^{2Sam 18:24} (feminine^{Isa 14:31} in personification, Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 86}) gate; — ׳שׁ absolute Judg 9:40 +, construct Gen 22:17 +; with ה locative, שָׁ֑עְרָה Isa 28:6 +; plural שְׁעָרִים 2Sam 18:24 +, construct שַׁעֲרֵי 1Sam 17:52 +; suffix שְׁעָרֶיךָ Deut 12:15 +, שַׁעֲרֵיהֶם Ezek 21:20; Ezek 48:34, etc.; —

1. a. gate, entrance to city, shut (סָגַר) by night Josh 2:5; Josh 2:7 (JE), compare Isa 45:1, opened (פָּתַח) by day Neh 7:3, compare Isa 60:11 for entrance (בּוֺא), and exit (יָצָא) Jer 17:19; Jer 17:20; Jer 17:21; Jer 17:24; Jer 17:25; Jer 17:27; Lam 4:12; Ezek 26:10 +; ׳עָבַר שׁ Mic 2:13 pass out through (disregard accents), ׳בַּשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:10 with bars Ps 147:13 attacked Ezek 21:20; Ezek 21:27, compare Isa 28:6; Mic 1:9; Mic 1:12; 1Sam 17:52 on Judg 5:8; Judg 5:11 see Commentaries; burned (by foe) Jer 19:27; Jer 51:58; Neh 1:3; Neh 2:3; Neh 2:13; Neh 2:17 as giving control, possession, of city, אֹיְבָיו ׳יָרַשׁ אֵת שׁ Gen 22:17; Gen 24:60 (J); ׳פֶּתַח הַשּׁ Judg 9:40 + (see ׳פ), ׳דַּלְתוֺת הַשּׁ 1Sam 21:14 + (see ׳ד 3); ׳פֶּתַחהַֿשּׁ Judg 18:16; Judg 18:17 of farm or village; so of camp Exod 32:26; Exod 32:27 (J). In cities, elaborate structure, with roof 2Sam 18:24, upper chamber 2Sam 19:1 compare שְׂאוּ שְׁעָרִים רָאשֵׁיכֶם Ps 24:7; Ps 24:9 write laws ׳בִּשׁ Deut 6:9 ( + עַלמְֿזֻזוֺת בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ), Deut 11:20 (+id..); ׳בְּתוֺךְ הַשּׁ 1Sam 9:18, ׳אֶלאתּוֺךְ הַשּׁ 2Sam 3:27 ׳(לְ)יַד שׁ as public, 1Sam 4:18, + v1Sam 4:13 ᵐ5 Th We Dr and others, compare 2Sam 15:2; 2Sam 18:4; Prov 8:3 (|| מְבוֺא פְתָחִים).
b. particular gates of Jerusalem are: (1) אֶפְרַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23; Neh 8:16; Neh 12:39 (2) הָאַשְׁפֹּת ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 3:14; Neh 12:31 = הָֽשְׁפוֺת ׳שׁ Neh 3:13 (3) בִּנְיָמִין ׳שׁ Jer 37:13; Jer 38:7; Zech 14:10 (4) הַגַּיִא ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 2:15; Neh 3:13; 2Chr 26:9 (5) הַדָּגִים ׳שׁ Zeph 1:10; Neh 3:3; Neh 12:39; 2Chr 33:14 (6) בֵּין הַחֹמֹתַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 25:4 = Jer 52:7 compare Jer 39:4 (7) החרסות ׳שׁ Jer 19:2 (8) הַיְשָׁנָה ׳שׁ Neh 3:6; Neh 12:39 (9) הַמִּזְרָךְ ׳שׁ Neh 3:29 (10) הַמַּטָּרָה ׳שׁ Neh 12:39 (11) ׳הַמָּ֑יִם שׁ Neh 8:1; Neh 8:3; Neh 8:16 (12) הַמַּיִם לַמִּזְרָ֑ח ׳שׁ Neh 3:26,compare Neh 12:37 (13) הַמִּפְקָ֑ד ׳שׁ Neh 3:31 (14) הָעַיִן ׳שׁ Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 (15) הַסּוּסִים ׳שׁ Jer 31:40; Neh 3:28 (compare 3 b); (16) הַפִּנָּה ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23 (read הַפִּנָּה for הַפּוֺנֶה), Jer 31:38; 2Chr 26:9 probably = הַפִּנִּים ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 (17) הַצּאֹן ׳שׁ Neh 3:1; Neh 3:32; Neh 12:39 (18) הָרִאשׁוֺן ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 — on sites and related to each other see RS-GASm^{Ency. Bib. JERUSALEM} Conder^{Hast. DB id.} Buhl^{G 133 ff.} Bd^{Pal. under the word} Murray^{Hd. Bk, under the word} BeRy^{Ne p. 182 ff.} Gu^ZPV, especially v (1882). 7 ff. viii (1885), 245 ff. Comm.^{on the passage variant} reading
c. of Ezekiel's holy city, שַׁעֲרֵי הָעִיר Ezek 48:31, three on each side, named for tribes, vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 + 12 t. Ezek 48.

2. a. gate = space inside gate, as public meeting-place, market 2Kgs 7:1; 2Kgs 7:18, place of public well 2Sam 23:15; 2Sam 23:16 = 1Chr 11:17; 1Chr 11:18, where elders, judges, king, sat officially Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Amos 5:12; Amos 5:15; Isa 29:21; 2Sam 18:24; 2Sam 19:9; 1Kgs 22:10 = 2Chr 18:9; Gen 19:1 (J) Prov 24:7; Job 5:4; Job 31:21; Ruth 4:1 (twice in verse); Prov 31:23; Prov 31:31, etc.; of conqueror Jer 1:15 apparently = ׳רְחוֺב שׁ Gen 19:2 (J) Neh 8:16; 1Chr 9:16 + (see I. ׳ר); Gen 34:20 (P) one came unto gate (בָּא אֶלֿ), so ׳בָּאֵי שׁ Gen 23:10; Gen 23:18 (P) those entering the gate, i.e. having citizens' rights; also went out (to), ׳יָצָא שׁ Job 29:7 (i.e., in this case, from his own house, outside the city), hence ׳כָּליֹֿצְאֵי שׁ Gen 34:24 (twice in verse) (P; compare also הוֺצִיא אֶלֿ Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Deut 22:24); hence = body of citizens, עַמִּי׳כָּלשֿׁ Ruth 3:11.
b. hence also = city Isa 14:31 (|| עִיר), Ps 87:2, etc.
c. specifically in Deuteronomy, בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ in thy gates, i.e. thy cities, towns, etc., Deut 5:14 = Exod 20:10; Deut 12:12; Deut 12:15; Deut 12:17; Deut 12:21 + 22 t. Deuteronomy + 1Kgs 8:37 (read ׳בְּאַחַד שׁ, compare Deut 18:6; Deut 23:17, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 modern), so || 2Chr 6:28, + (perhaps) Jer 14:2 (but Jer 15:7; Nah 3:13 figurative of gates as entrance to land); of private house, שַׁעֲרֵי צַדִּיק Prov 14:19 (perhaps compare Judg 18:16 1 a above).

3. a. gate of royal castle or palace 2Kgs 9:31; Jer 22:2; Jer 22:4; Neh 2:8; Esth 2:19 + 10 t. Esther; specifically (of king of Judah), סוּר ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:6 = הַיְסוֺד ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:5 (see ׳ס, ׳יס), הָרָצִים ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:19, ׳אַחַר הָר ׳הַשּׁ v2Kgs 11:6 ׳הַסּוּסִים בֵּית הַמּ ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:15 ( = ׳מְבוֺא הַסּ || 2Kgs 11:16); apparently of official residence, יְהוֺשֻׁעַ ׳פֶּתַח שׁ 2Kgs 23:8.
b. of temple Jer 7:2 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:23; 1Chr 16:42 + 12 t. Chronicles, including ׳שַׁעֲרֵי מַחֲנוֺת י 2Chr 31:2 (see מַחֲנֶה 1, p. 334), compare Ps 100:4; Ps 118:20, שַׁעֲרֵי צֶדֶק vPs 100:19 specifically בִּנְיָמִין הָעֶלְיוֺן ׳שׁ Jer 20:2, and (omit ׳בִּנְי) 2Kgs 15:35 = 2Chr 27:3; Ezek 9:2; 2Chr 23:20, הֶחָדָשׁ ׳(בֵּית) י ׳שׁ Jer 26:10; Jer 36:10, הַפְּנִימִית הַפּוֺנֶה ׳שׁ צָפוֺנָה Ezek 8:3 compare vEzek 8:14, Ezek 8:5, הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַמִּזְבֵּחַ שַׁעַר בֵּית י ׳שׁ Ezek 10:19; Ezek 11:1 שַׁלֶּכֶת ׳שׁ 1Chr 26:16 שַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶח 1Chr 9:18.
c. of Ezekiel's temple and courts Ezek 40:3; Ezek 40:6; Ezek 44:11; Ezek 44:17 + 67 t. Ezek 40-47.
d. of court of tabernacle (P), הֶחָצֵר ׳שׁ Exod 27:16; Exod 35:17 + 6t. Exodus + Num 4:36.

4. figurative הַשָּׁמַיִם ׳זֶה שׁ Gen 28:17 (E; || בֵּית אֱלֹהִים); plural שַׁעֲרֵי שְׁאוֺל Isa 38:10 מָֿוֶת׳שׁ Job 38:17; Ps 9:14; Ps 107:18 צַלְמָוֶת ׳שׁ Job 38:17.

BDB9761 H5869 H5870

[עַ֫יִן] noun feminine^{Ezra 5:5} eye (see Biblical Hebrew I. ׳ע); — construct עֵין Ezra 5:5 (of God); plural (K^{§ 51, 1}) of horn, עַיְנִין Dan 7:8; Dan 7:20 of man, dual construct עַיְנֵי vDan 7:8, suffix עַיְנַי Dan 4:31.

eyes, sight, eye, seemeth, colour, …

ʿayin

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

eye

eye

of physical eye

הָשַׁ֑ע

Root word delight, out, play, shut, cry, …

Dictionary form: שָׁעַע · shaw-AH

Verb — Hiphil, Imperative, second person masculine singular causative — "he made (someone) do" a command — try "___!" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: and shut

delight ×2 and be dandled ×1 and cry ×1 and i will delight myself ×1 and shut ×1 cry ye out ×1 i will delight myself ×1 shall play ×1

More options

delight — Core sense; prefer when joy or pleasure is emphasized.

take pleasure — Slightly more formal; good for reflective or meditative contexts.

play — Captures carefree, childlike enjoyment or frolicking.

fondle — Physical, nurturing sense; fits 'dandled' infant imagery.

cry out — Distinct sense; use when context indicates distressed shouting.

be absorbed — Conveys shutting out distraction; fits 'shut eyes' nuance.

BDB8903 H8159 H8173

שָׁעָה verb gaze (steadily, with interest, etc.) (Assyrian še°û, behold, look for, aim at); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Gen 4:5, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁעֶה Isa 17:7; Isa 17:8, with apocope וַיִּ֫שַׁע Gen 4:4, 1 singular אֶשְׁעָה (Ges^{«GKC:75»§ 75} 1) Ps 119:117, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁעֵה Job 14:6 masculine plural שְׁעוּ Isa 22:4 — gazeat, regard (with favour), ׳י subject, with אֶל Gen 4:4; Gen 4:5 (J); with מִן person = turn gaze away Isa 22:4; Job 7:19 Thes Ew Che, + probably Job 10:20 (for יָשִׁית), with מֵעַל person Job 14:6 man subject, regard God (with trust, devotion), with עַל Isa 17:7; Isa 31:1 with אֶל of thing Isa 17:8 with בְּ of words, statutes, Exod 5:9 (J) Ps 119:117 absolute 3 feminine plural תִּשְׁעֶינָה Isa 32:3 shall not behold makes no sense, read probably תְּשֹׁעֶינָה (√ I. שׁעע, Ew and most); 3 masculine plural יִשְׁעוּ 2Sam 22:42 they look (about) for help, < as || Ps 18:42 יְשַׁוְּעוּ. Hiph`il Imperative masculine singular הָשַׁע מִמֶּנִּי Ps 39:14 cause thy gaze to turn away from me (see also √I. שׁעע), < Qal שְׁעֵה as Job 14:6 (compare Job 7:19; Isa 22:4) Hup Bae Du Ges^{«GKC:75gg»§ 75gg}. Hithpa`el Imperfect 2 masculine singular with apocope אַלתִּֿשְׁתָּע Isa 41:10 gaze not about (in anxiety, || אַלתִּֿירָא); 1 plural וְנִשְׁתָּ֫עָה (Ges^{«GKC:75»§ 75} 1) vIsa 41:23 let us look at each other (in rivalry, see ראה Hiph`il).

BDB8924 H8173 H8159

I. [שָׁעַע] verb be smeared over, blinded (Aramaic שְׁעַע smear (akin to שׁוּעַ id.), to smooth, שָׁעִיעַ smooth (of words), flattering, smooth (compare also , smear over, close up); —

Qal Imperative + Hithpalpel Imperative masculine plural הִשְׁתַּעַשְׁעוּ וָשֹׁ֑עוּ Isa 29:9 blind yourselves and be blind ! (|| הִתְמַהְמְהוּ וּתְמָהוּ); > Buhl הִשְׁתָּעוּ וּשְׁעוּ, √שׁעה look about (2Sam 22:42); Isa 32:3 read probably 3 feminine plural תְּשֹׁעֶינָה, of eyes, be blinded (see שׁעה). Hiph`il Imperative masculine singular וְעֵינָיו הָשַׁ֑ע Isa 6:10 and its eyes besmear ! — So perhaps הָשַׁע Ps 39:14 (עֵינֶיךָ omitted) was intended by Masoretes (but wrongly, see Ol and others); see שָׁעָה.

BDB8925 H8173

II. [שָׁעַע] verb Pilpel, etc., sport, take delight in, delight (usually made = I. ׳שׁ smooth over, please; Buhl compare Aramaic , Ithpe`el sport, trifle, Vulgar Arabic (loan-word ?) Vollers^{ZMG xiv (1891), 86, 1. 3}); —

Pilpel Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְשִׁעֲשַׁע Isa 29:9 the suckling shall sport on (עַל) the cobra's hole; 1 singular שִׁעֲשָׁ֑עְתִּי Ps 119:70 I take delight in thy law (accusative; but ? read שַׁעֲשֻׁעָ֑י, vPs 119:77); Imperfect transitive 3 masculine plural יְשַׁעַשְׁעוּ Ps 94:19 thy consolations delight my soul (accusative). Palpel Imperfect 2 masculine plural תְּשָֽׁעֳשָׁ֑עוּIsa 66:12 upon (עַל) the knees shall ye be fondled. Hithpalpel Imperfect 1 singular אֶשְׁתַּעֲשָׁ֑ע Ps 119:16 in (ב) thy statutes will I delight myself, compare vPs 119:47.

delight, out, play, shut, cry, …

šāʿaʿ

(in a good acceptation) to look upon (with complacency), i.e., fondle, please or amuse (self); (in a bad one) to look about (in dismay), i.e., stare

to stroke, be smeared over, be blinded

(Qal)

to be smeared over, be blinded

(Pilpel) to sport, delight in, take delight in, delight oneself

פֶּן

Conjunction lest, that, peradventure, not

Dictionary form: פֵּן · pane

Conjunction

In the KJV here: lest

lest ×88 lest peradventure ×5 and lest ×4 not ×3 that ×3 beware lest ×2 that not ×2 therewith lest ×2

More options

lest — Direct modernization; clearest warning-clause equivalent.

or else — Colloquial; suits consequence warnings in narrative.

so that … not — Explicit negative-purpose clause; useful in formal prose.

for fear that — Highlights anxiety or precaution behind the warning.

in case — Softer register; fits cautionary or conditional contexts.

BDB6677 H6435

פֶּןֿ₁₃₃ (always with Makkeph

**except Gen 38:23; Gen 44:34; Deut 7:25; Deut 32:27 [not Gi], Isa 27:3; Prov 25:8: Mandelkern^{Conc. under the word}.) conjunction (averting, or deprecating), lest (origin dubious: Thes Kö^{ii. 334} from פָּנָה, properly substantive construct in accusative for the aversion of; but פָנָה is intransitive: Nö^{M. 474} compares the enclitic particle פּוֺן in ᵑ7, then ἄν, 'etwa,' thinking that a particle with the meaning 'es möchte etwa,' spoken in a tone of alarm, might readily acquire a deprecatory force); — lest:

1. with imperfect Gen 3:3 ye shall not eat thereof . . . פֶּןתְּֿמֻתוּן lest ye die, Gen 11:4 let us build a city פֶּןנָֿפוּץ lest we be scattered, Gen 19:15; Gen 19:17; Gen 19:19; Gen 38:23; Gen 45:1l Exod 1:10; Exod 23:29; Exod 23:33 etc., 2Kgs 10:23 (followed by יֵשׁ), Isa 6:10; Isa 27:3; Isa 28:22; Isa 48:5; Isa 48:7; Ps 2:12; Ps 7:3 etc.; often after הִשָׁמֶרלְֿךָ take heed to thyself Gen 24:6; Gen 31:24, and especially in Deuteronomy, as Deut 4:9; Deut 4:23; Deut 6:12; Deut 8:11 and elsewhere; after a verb of fearing Gen 32:12, and once, even, of swearing Judg 15:12 deprecating pathetically, Gen 44:34 how shall I go up, etc.? lest I look upon the evil that will befal my father. Once, unusually, preceding the principal clause, Prov 5:6 אֹרַח חַיִּים פֶּןתְּֿפַלֵּס lest she should make level the path of life, her ways are unstable, etc. (Ew Be Now; see also Toy). Note especially
a. the idiom כִּי אָמַר (אָמַרְתִּי) פֶּןֿ for he (I) said, Lest..., implying always that some precaution has been taken to avert the dreaded contingency, Gen 26:9 for I said, Lest I die on account of her (to obviate which, Isaac had called Rebecca his sister), Gen 31:31; Gen 38:11; Gen 42:4; Exod 13:17; Num 16:34; 1Sam 13:19; 1Sam 27:11 (לֵאמֹר), Ps 38:17 with כי אמר implied Gen 26:7 compare, with an aposiop., Gen 3:22 and now, lest he put forth his hand, etc. (implying that measures are taken to prevent this, see vGen 3:23): compare Tob 8:9.
b. פֶּןֿ at the beginning of a sentence, with a dissuasive force, (Beware) lest: + Isa 36:18 פֶּןיַֿסִּית אֶתְכֶם חזקיהו (beware) lest Hezekiah deceive you, Deut 29:17 (twice in verse) (followed by יֵשׁ), Jer 51:46; Job 32:13; Job 36:18.

2. with Perfect, the result feared being conceived as having possibly already taken place; 2Sam 20:6 pursue after him, פֶּןמָֿצָא לוֺ ֗֗֗ וְהִצִּיל lest he have found him fenced cities, etc. (but the tense of והציל makes יִמְצָא probably, Dr^sm Bu Kö^{iii. 486}), 2Kgs 2:16 ׳וַיַּשְׁלִכֵהוּ וגו ׳פֶּןנְֿשָׂאוֺ רוּחַ י.

lest, that, peradventure, not

pēn

properly, removal; used only (in the construction) adverb as conjunction, lest

(conj) lest, not, beware lest

יִרְאֶ֨ה

Root word see, saw, seen, behold, looked, …

Dictionary form: רָאָה · raw-AW

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: they see

saw ×128 see ×97 and see ×45 and saw ×43 to see ×35 shall see ×31 i saw ×29 i have seen ×26

More options

see — Most versatile; suits perception, vision, and understanding.

look — Prefer when deliberate, directed attention is implied.

observe — Good for careful, attentive, or intentional seeing.

perceive — Best when insight or recognition is the focus.

behold — Contemporary contexts of awe or divine encounter.

gaze — When prolonged, intense, or wondering looking is stressed.

BDB7656 H7200 H7207 H7203 H3070

רָאָה₁₃₁₅ verb see (Late Hebrew id.; וארא MI⁴, הראני Deut 1:7, compare ריח spectacle Deut 1:12 Sabean ראי see, expect DHM^{ZMG xxix (1875), 506,599}; Arabic see, so Ethiopic ᵑ7 רֵו, רֵיוָא human appearance, features, etc. (compare Hebrew רְָאִי 2)); —

Qal₁₁₄₁ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ר Gen 29:10 +, suffix וְרָֽאֲךָ consecutive Exod 4:14 רָאָהוּ 2Kgs 2:12 +; 3 feminine singular רָֽאֲתָה Gen 38:14, suffix רָאָֽתְךָ Job 42:5 2 masculine singular רָאִיתָ Gen 20:10 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִרְהֶ Gen 22:8 +, jussive יֵרֵא Gen 41:33 (Baer Gi, Ges^{«GKC:75p»§ 75p}, «GKC:75hh»hh Kö^i.561; van d. H. יֵרֶא), יִ֫רֶא Exod 5:21 +, וַיַּרְא Gen 18:2 + (1Sam 19:20, read plural ᵐ5 Comm., i.e. וַיִּרְאֻ Dr^{Sm lxiii}), suffix יִרְאַנִי Exod 33:20, וַיִּרְאֵ֑נִי 2Sam 1:7 3 feminine singular תִּרְאֶה Lev 20:17; Job 33:28, jussive תֵּרֵא Mic 7:10; Zech 9:5 (Baer Gi, compare Ges Kö above; van d. H תֵּרֶא), וַתֵּ֫רֶא Gen 3:6 +; 1 singular אֶרְאֶה Gen 21:16 +, וָאֵ֫רֶא Gen 31:10 +, etc.; Imperative רְאֵה Gen 27:27 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute רָאֹה Exod 3:7 +, רָאוֺ Gen 26:28; Isa 6:9 construct רְאֹה Gen 48:11, רְאוֺת Exod 10:28 +, רַאֲוָה Ezek 28:17, etc., Participle active רֹאֶה Ezek 13:15 +, etc.; passive רְאֻיוֺת (Baer Gi; van d. H. רְאֻיּוֺת) : —

1. a. see, subject עַיִן, עֵינַיִם, with accusative of person Isa 6:5; Isa 30:20; Jer 42:2 + 5 t. Job, Proverbs; subject person, with accusative Gen 12:12; Gen 12:15 + מִי רָאָהוּ 1Sam 23:22, read הֵמְּהֵרָה ᵐ5 Th We and others. [not HPS]); רֹאִי 1Sam 16:13 (participle suffix, compare בְּאֵר לַחֵי רֹאִי v1Sam 16:14, .p. 91 above) accusative of God 1Sam 32:31 (פָּנִים אֶלפָּֿנִים); accusative of person omitted 1Sam 18:2; 1Sam 19:1 +; with accusative פְּנֵי 1Sam 31:2; 1Sam 46:30; 1Sam 48:11; Exod 33:20, opposed to אֶתאֲחֹרָ֑י vExod 33:23 with accusative פְּנֵי specifically of having access to man of rank Gen 43:3; Gen 43:5 + (see [ פָּנֶה] 2 b).
b. see, with accusative of thing: subject עַיִן, עֵינַיִם Josh 24:7 (E) 1Sam 24:11 (van d. H. Baer; v.1Sam 24:10 Gi), Deut 3:21 + 5 t. Deuteronomy, +; וְעֵינָיו אֶתעֵֿינָיו תִּרְאֶינָה Jer 32:4, compare Jer 34:3 accusative omitted 2Sam 24:3; Deut 21:7 + 9 t. (לִרְאוֺת) 1Sam 6:13 read לקְרָאתוֺ ᵐ5 We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); subject pers Gen 13:15; Gen 31:12 + very often; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַרְאֶה Exod 3:8 + 7 t., מַרְאָה Dan 10:7 (twice in verse); Dan 10:8, חָזוֺן Dan 8:15, חֶזְיֹנוֺת Joel 3:1 hence see absolute= receive revelation, Isa 30:10 (|| חזה), compare Ezek 13:3 and see I. רֹאֶה; with accusative עֶרְוָה, see ׳צ, p. 788 f.; see war, i.e. see it impending Exod 13:17 (E); אֶתהַֿקּוֺתֹ ׳וְאֶתהַֿלַּפִּידִים ר Exod 20:18 (Gi vExod 20:15); רֹאֵי הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ Eccl 7:11 those who see the sun = living men; accusative of thing. omitted Exod 22:9; 2Sam 13:5 +, וָאֶרֵאֶה בֶּחָזוֺן Dan 8:2 (twice in verse).(absolute); וְלֹא יִרְאוּ לֹא יֵדְעוּ Neh 4:5 עֵינֵי רֹאִים Isa 32:3, מְקוֺם רֹאִים Job 34:26 with adverb or adverb phrase instead of accusative of thing: כָּהֵנָּה Gen 41:19 compare Isa 66:8; Ezek 1:27 (twice in verse), כַּאֲשֶׁר 2Kgs 2:19; 2Chr 29:8; 2Chr 30:7; Job 4:8; Ezek 16:50; Dan 1:13, כֵּן Ps 48:9.

2. see, followed by accusative + clause or phrase of closer designation: (I) + epexegetical clause with כִּי, accusative of person Gen 6:2 saw them that they were fair, Gen 12:4 (both J), Exod 2:2; Exod 32:25 (both E), 1Kgs 11:28, accusative of face + id. Gen 31:5 (E), Exod 34:25 (P); accusative of thing Gen 49:15 (poem), Isa 22:9; Gen 1:4 (P), Eccl 2:24; Eccl 4:4 and probably 2Kgs 14:26 (reading כִּי מַר הוּא); (2) כָּלהַֿבָּא עָלָיו וְעָמָ֑ד ׳ר 2Sam 20:12 (3) + adjective (including participle), accusative person Gen 7:1 (J), Amos 9:1; 2Sam 18:10 + 39 t. (Jer 46:5 strike out ׳ר ᵐ5 Gie), + accusative אֲשֶׁר Exod 14:13 (twice in verse) (J); accusative of thing, Exod 23:5; Exod 33:10 (both E), Deut 22:4; Ezek 33:3; Ezek 33:6; Dan 1:10; Dan 8:4; Dan 8:6; Dan 8:7 (4) + מָה, accusative of thing Num 13:18 (JE), Hag 2:3 (5) + preposition Phr., accusative of person Exod 5:19 (J), Zech 4:10; Eccl 10:7; Esth 5:9 accusative of thing + בִּכְבוֺדוֺ Hag 2:3, + כ pres. Jer 23:13; Jer 23:14, + כ person Judg 9:36, כ of thing 2Sam 18:27 (6) accusative of person + adverb accusative + כ person Jer 30:6.

3. see, so as to learn to know: with accusative of person Deut 33:9 (|| הִכִּיר, יַדַע); with accusative of thing Deut 1:19; Deut 1:31; Deut 11:2; Job 11:11 (|| יָדַע ), Ps 16:10; Ps 49:10 = have experience of, Jer 5:12; Jer 14:13; Jer 20:18; Jer 42:14; Zeph 3:15; Ps 89:49; Eccl 5:17, שֵׁנָה בְּעֵינָיו אֵינֶנּוּ רֹאֶה Eccl 8:16 מָה ראית Gen 20:10 i.e.what hast thou encountered, that . . . ? Bacher^{ZAW xix (1899). 345 ff.; Terminol. 177 f.}

4. absolute see, have (power of) vision, Gen 27:1 (J), Gen 48:10 (E), 1Sam 3:2; 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4, miraculous 2Kgs 6:17 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 6:20 (twice in verse); denied of idols Deut 4:28; Ps 115:5; Ps 135:16 figurative of spiritual vision Isa 6:10; Isa 29:18; Isa 42:18; Jer 5:2l Deut 29:3; Ezek 12:2 (twice in verse); Ps 40:13; Ps 69:24 עַיִן רֹאָה Prov 20:12. — 1Sam 14:27 read Qr see אור.

5. see = perceive:
a. followed by clause with כִּי, Exod 3:4; Exod 8:11; Gen 1:10; Gen 1:12 + often(1Sam 23:15 read וַיִּרָא and he feared We Dr Kit Bu HPS Now); omit כִּי (late) Lam 1:10; Ps 49:11; Eccl 3:16 followed by מָה of indirect question Gen 2:19 (J), Gen 37:20 (E), Judg 9:48; Deut 32:20; Jer 7:17; Jer 33:24; Ezek 8:6; Jonah 4:5 +; בַּמָּה Judg 16:5 compare 1Sam 14:38, כַּמָּה Zech 2:6; Ps 35:17 followed by מִי of indirect question 1Sam 14:17; Isa 40:26; Lam 2:20 ( + הַבִּיטָה); followed by אֵי 1Sam 26:16, אֵיכֹה 2Kgs 6:13, אֵיפֹה Jer 3:2 followed by clause with הֲ whether, Gen 8:8; Gen 18:21; Num 11:23 (all J), Exod 4:18 (E), Ps 14:2; Ps 53:3; Song 6:11b Esth 3:4, אִם whether Jer 30:6; Lam 1:12; Ps 139:24; Song 7:13, אֲשֶׁר that or how 1Sam 18:15, אֵי Eccl 2:3, שֶׁ that vEccl 2:13, שְׁ Eccl 3:18.
b. with accusative צָרַת נַפְשׁוֺ Gen 42:21 (i.e. saw it by out-ward signs), compare Hos 5:13. [Note, under 5 (rarely in other cases, and only Samuel Kings Jeremiah), Imperative + ידע Imperative: דַּע וּרְאֵה 1Sam 24:12; 2Sam 24:13; 1Kgs 20:22 דְּעִי וּרְאִי 1Sam 25:17; Jer 2:19 דְּעוּ וּרְאוּ 1Sam 12:17; 1Sam 14:38; 1Sam 23:22; 1Kgs 20:7; 2Kgs 5:7 in reverse order, רְאוּ וּדְעוּ 1Sam 23:23; Jer 5:1.]

6. look at, see, by direct volition:
a. subject men, with accusative of thing, Gen 9:22; Gen 9:23 (J), Gen 42:9; Gen 42:12 (E), Lev 13:3; Lev 13:15 +; with accusative of land = reconnoitre Josh 2:1 look at sun, etc., for worship Deut 4:19; Job 31:26 = inspect 1Kgs 9:12; Lev 14:36 (twice in verse); with accusative of person Num 24:20; Num 24:21 (JE), Exod 2:25; Lev 13:3; Lev 13:5 (all P), 1Sam 9:16 +, (1Sam 19:15 HPS proposes אֶלבֵּֿית for לִרְאוֺת); with preposition אַחֲרִי רֹאִי ׳ר Gen 16:13 (J) I have looked after one seeing me (interpretation see Di).
b. subject God, with accusative of thing Gen 9:16 (P); = inspect Gen 11:5 (J); look at with favour, accusative of person Job 37:24; Ps 138:6 so perhaps figurative, subject man, regard, with accusative אָוֶן Ps 66:18 (Hup-Now; Che Bae Dr and others intend); look with pleasure (accusative omitted, + מִן by reason of, as a fruit of) Isa 53:11 (si vera); insert accusative אוֺר ᵐ5 Houb Klo Du Che^Hpt Kit [perhaps], with Hiph`il יַרְאֶה ᵐ5 Du Che^Hpt, rescues from travail his soul, makes it see light).
c. without accusative, look, take a look, etc. (of man and God; often + וְהִנֵּה ), Gen 8:13; Gen 18:2; Exod 3:2; Lev 13:8; Lam 3:50 (מִן local), Gen 13:14 (מִן local + ה locative), Deut 3:27; Ezek 40:4; Ezek 44:5 (all בְּעֵינֶיךָ), + often; peculiarly, תִרְאוּ וְכֵן תַּעֲשׂוּ מִמֶּנִּי Judg 7:17 (compare GFM).
d. look after, see after, learn about, with accusative of thing Gen 37:14 (J), with accusative of person = visit (go to see) 1Sam 15:35; 1Sam 20:29; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:6; 2Kgs 8:29 = 2Chr 22:6; 2Kgs 9:16, compare Ezek 20:28, עֵין רֹאִי Job 7:8 (Di Bu and others).
e. observe, watch, absolute, 1Sam 6:9; 1Sam 6:16; 1Sam 17:28; Eccl 8:16 (|| ידע). feminine look upon = endure to see, with accusative of thing Hab 1:13 (|| הִבִּיט).
g. look out, find out, accusative of person 2Kgs 9:2; Gen 41:33 (E), + ל person 1Sam 16:17 select, accusative of person + מִן from among 2Kgs 10:3, + ב among + ל person 1Sam 16:1 provide, furnish,, with accusative of thing Deut 33:21 (poem), + ל person Gen 22:8 (E), compare absolute יִרְאֶה ׳י as proper name, of a location = ׳י seeth vGen 22:14 a (E; ? read יֵרָאֶה, compare v^b, Niph`al and Di); רְאֻיוֺת Esth 2:9 looked out = suitable (as often Late Hebrew).
h. look at = concern oneself about, accusative of thing (+ בְּיָדוֺ) Gen 39:23 (J).

7. of mental observation:
a. Imperative see ! observe ! consider ! exclamation (nearly = הִנֵּה), followed by clause: Gen 27:27; Gen 31:50 see ! God is witness Gen 39:14; Gen 41:41; Exod 4:21; Deut 1:8 +; followed by independent noun 2Sam 24:22 (|| 1Chr 21:23 followed by clause).
b. look at, i.e. inquire into, a matter, accusative of thing omitted, of ׳י, 1Sam 24:16 (Gi v.1Sam 24:15).
c. give attention to, accusative of thing, Jer 2:31, absolute give attention ! 2Sam 13:28; 2Kgs 6:32; Exod 25:40; Ps 45:11 take heed to, accusative of thing, 1Kgs 12:16 = 2Chr 10:16 absolute take heed ! Exod 10:10, + פֶּן 2Kgs 10:23.
d. discern, חָכְמָה ׳לִבִּי ר Eccl 1:16, טוֺב ׳ר Eccl 3:13.
e. distinguish, with בֵּיןלְ֗֗֗ of person Mal 3:18. feminine consider, reflect, Eccl 7:14 (followed by clause oratio recta [direct speech]).

8. a. with ב, literally, look into, hence look at with interest (German 'sich vertiefen in'): (I) gaze at 1Sam 6:19 (on context see We Dr HPS), so as to become acquainted with Gen 34:1 (P); so as to find out Eccl 3:22 inspect liver (for omens) Ezek 21:26 some - what weakened = behold Job 3:9; 2Chr 7:3; Ps 64:9. (2) look at with kindness, of ׳י, בָּעֳנִי Gen 29:32; 1Sam 1:11 ( + infinitive absolute), 2Sam 16:12, בַּצַּר Ps 106:44. (3) upon a spectacle causing anger Exod 2:11 (E), grief Gen 21:16 (E), Gen 44:34; Num 11:15 (both J), 2Kgs 22:20 (subject עֵינָיִם) = 2Chr 34:28; Esth 8:6 (twice in verse), abhorrence Isa 66:24. (4) gaze at with apprehension Eccl 11:4. (5) with joy, pleasure, 2Kgs 10:16; Mic 7:9; Jer 29:32; Isa 52:8 (עַיִן בְּעַיִן, compare Niph`al Num 14:14), Job 20:17; Job 33:28; Ps 54:9; Ps 106:5; Ps 128:5; Song 3:11; Song 6:11 a Eccl 2:1. (6) especially with exultation, triumph = feast eyes upon, sometimes gloat over (fallen enemies), Judg 16:27; Mic 7:10; Ezek 28:17; Obad 1:12; Obad 1:13; Ps 22:18; Ps 112:8; Ps 118:7.
b. with אֶל person Isa 17:7 (subject עֵינַיִם; || שָׁעַה עַל); עַל person Exod 5:21 (J); עַלהָֿאָבְנָ֑יִם׳ר Exod 1:16 see [ אֹבֶן] and Comm., also Spiegelb^{ZA xiv (June 1900), 269 ff.}
c. with ל, לַלֵּבָב ׳לַעֵינַיִם וְיוה יִר ׳הָאָדָם יִר 1Sam 16:7, מִי יִרְאֶהלָּֿ֑מוֺ Ps 64:6. — Corrupt is וּרְאִיתַנִי כְתוֺר הָאָדָם 1Chr 17:17 (and || וְזֹאת תּוֺרַת הָאָדָם 2Sam 7:19), read וַתַּרְאֵנִי (with other changes) We Dr Kau Bu HPS Now; Ezek 12:12 read probably Niph`al ᵐ5 Hi Co Krae; Mic 6:9 read probably יִרְאָה compare Now GASm. Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִרְאָה Gen 48:3 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵרָאֶה Gen 22:14 +, jussive יֵרָא Exod 34:3; Lev 9:6, וַיֵּרָא Gen 12:17 +; 1 singular וָאֵרָא Exod 6:3, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הֵרָאֵה 1Kgs 18:1 Infinitive construct לְהֵרָאוֺת 1Sam 17:17 +, לֵרָאוֺת Isa 1:12 + 2 t., הֵרָאֹה Judg 13:21; 1Sam 3:21, etc.; —

1. appear, especially
a. of ׳י (God): with אֶל person Gen 12:7 (twice in verse) + 6 t. J, Gen 35:1 (E), vGen 35:9; Gen 48:3; Exod 6:3 (בְּאֵל שַׁדַּי, ב essent.), Lev 9:4 (all P), 1Kgs 3:5; 1Kgs 9:2 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 7:12; 1Kgs 11:9 with ל person Jer 31:3; 2Chr 1:7; 2Chr 3:1 (insert ׳י ᵐ5 Kau Kit); absolute Gen 22:14 in the mountain where ׳י appeareth (probably, Di Sta^{G i. 450} Dr^{Hast. DB ii. 563}; E), Num 14:14 (J E; עַיִן בְּעַיִן, see Isa 52:8 Qal 8 a (5)), Lev 16:2 (P; ב location +עַל), 1Sam 3:21 (ב location), 2Sam 22:11 (עַלכַּֿנְפֵירֿוּחַ; < וַיֵּדֶא || Ps 18:11), + 5 t.; of ׳מַלְאַךְ י, with אֶל person Exod 3:2 (E), Judg 13:2l; of ׳כְּבוֺד י; with אֶל person Lev 9:6; Lev 9:23; Num 14:10 (ב location), Num 16:19; Num 20:6 (all P), Judg 6:12; Judg 13:3 עַל person Isa 60:2 absolute Exod 16:10 (ב location), Num 17:7 (both P).
b. appear, of man, = present oneself: with אֶל person Gen 46:29 (J), Judg 13:10; 1Kgs 18:1; 1Kgs 18:2; 1Kgs 18:15; Lev 13:7 (twice in verse); Lev 13:19, אֶל of God Ps 84:8 (ב location), אֶלפְּֿנֵי הָאָדֹן Exod 23:17 (E); absolute Isa 16:12 (strike out as dittograph Lo Du Che^Hpt Marti and others); especially (Masora) followed by (אֶתֿ)פְּנֵי of ׳י, rendered appear before ׳י: so וְנִרְאָה 1Sam 1:22, יֵרָאֶה Exod 34:23 (JE), Deut 16:10, וְאֵרָאֶה Ps 42:3, יֵרָאוּ Exod 23:15 (E), Exod 34:20 (JE), Deut 16:16, לֵרָאוֺת Exod 34:24 (JE), Deut 31:11; Isa 1:12 read probably in all Qal (see [ פָּנֶה] II.2).

c. appear, of things: late (Hexateuch only P), absolute Gen 1:9; Gen 8:5, with ב location Gen 9:14; Lev 13:14; Lev 13:57 elsewhere poet, Ps 18:16 = 2Sam 22:16; Ps 90:16; Prov 27:25 (of דֶּשֶׁא), Song 2:12 (ב location; of blossoms); subject מַרְאֵיהֶם Dan 1:15 ( +adjective predicate), vDan 1:13 (+ לְפָנֶיךָ); subject חָזוֺן, with אֶל person Dan 8:1 (twice in verse); subject כְּנֶגַע Lev 14:35 (with ל person).

2. be seen:
a. subject thing, 1Kgs 10:12 = 2Chr 9:11 (where כָּהֶם subject) Ezek 19:11, of sins Ezek 21:29 (|| הִגָּלוֺת), subject כָּזֹאת Judg 19:30, כְּאֶבֶן etc. Ezek 10:1.
b. subject person 2Sam 17:17 ( +לָבוֺא) be seen to come.
c. be seen = occur 2Kgs 23:24 (ב location); = exist, +ל person Exod 13:7 (twice in verse) (JE), Deut 16:4, compare Ezek 10:8 = be present, + ב location Judg 5:8; Exod 34:3 (JE).

3. be visible, Exod 33:23 (J E; subject ׳י's face), אֵין אֶבֶן נִרְאָה 1Kgs 6:18; 1Kgs 8:8 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 5:9 (twice in verse), Jer 13:26; Isa 47:3. Pu`al Perfect 3 plural עַצְמֹתָיו לֹא רֻוְּ Job 33:21 (Baer Gi; d. f. Ki Kö^{i. 41, 563, Mappik} Ges^{«GKC:14d»§ 14d}; van d. H. רֻאוּ), apparently his bones are not seen, detected; De which were (formerly) not seen; Di are insignificant ('un-scheinbar'), so Bae; probably corrupt, Bu נָאווּ, Du strike out as doublet. Hithpa`el reciprocal look at each other: Imperfect 2 masculine plural לָ֫מָּה תִּתְרָאוּ Gen 42:1 (E); techn. 3 masculine plural וַיִּתְרָאוּ פָנִים 2Kgs 14:11 = 2Chr 25:21 and they looked each other in the face, i.e. met in combat, so 1 pl, ׳נִתְרָאֶה פ 2Kgs 14:8 = 2Chr 25:17, compare (perhaps) 2Kgs 23:29, where Wkl Benz conjectures כְּהִתְרָאוֺת אִתּוֺ (or Niph`al כְּהֵרָאוֺת אִתּוֺ) for ᵑ0 כִּרְאֹתוֺ אֹתוֺ. Hiph`il₆₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular הֶרְאָה Gen 41:28 +, suffix הִרְאַנִי Amos 7:1 +, הֶרְאָ֑נִי Ezek 11:25, הֶרְאָנוּ Deut 5:21; Judg 13:23, הֶרְאֱךָ Deut 4:36 1 singular יְהַרְאֵיתִ֫י Nah 3:5 (Ges^{«GKC:53p»§ 53p}), suffix הֶרְאִיתִיךָ Deut 34:4, הִרְאִיתִים Isa 39:4 compare || 2Kgs 20:15, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַרְאֶה Isa 30:30, וַיַּרְא 2Kgs 11:4, suffix יַרְאֵנִי Num 23:3; Ps 59:11 1 singular suffix אַרְאֶךָּ Gen 12:1 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַרְאֵנִי Exod 33:18, etc.; Infinitive construct הַרְאוֺת Deut 3:24 +, suffix הַרְאוֺתְכָה Ezek 40:4 —

1. a. cause one to see something, shew: (I) subject man, with accusative of person + thing, Num 13:26b (JE), Judg 1:24; Judg 1:25; 2Kgs 20:13 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 20:15 = Isa 39:2 (twice in verse); Isa 39:4 + 4 t., accusative of thing omitted Ezek 40:4; Esth 4:8, accusative reflexive נַפְשׁוֺ +accusative of thing Eccl 2:24 מִי יַרְאֵנוּ טוֺב Ps 4:7, accusative of person omitted, = exhibit Esth 1:4 with 2 accusative of person Judg 4:22; 2Kgs 11:4. (2) especially subject ׳י (God), with accusative of person + thing, Gen 12:1; Exod 9:16 (both J), Gen 41:28; Gen 48:11 (both E), Exod 33:18; Deut 34:1b (both J E), Deut 3:24; Deut 4:36; Deut 5:21; Josh 5:6 (D), Exod 25:9 (P), Judg 13:23 + 5 t. + (of revelation to prophets) Num 23:3 (JE), Jer 38:21; Ezek 11:25, also, with accusative of thing of cognate meaning, Num 8:4 (P), accusative of thing omitted Deut 34:4 (JE), accusative of person omitted = exhibit, Isa 30:30 of visions, ׳י subject, with accusative of person +כֹּה Amos 7:1; Amos 7:4; Amos 7:7; Amos 8:1, +כַּאֲשֶׁר Exod 27:8 (P), with accusative of person only = cause to see [a vision] Jer 24:1 with 2 accusative of person + apposition 2Kgs 8:13, accusative of person + clause with כִּי v2Kgs 8:10. (3) subject angel, accusative of person + thing, of revelation to prophet Zech 2:3; Zech 3:1 accusative of person + clause with מָה Zech 1:9.
b. cause, to experience something, with accusative of person + thing, subject ׳י, Hab 1:3; Ps 60:5; Ps 71:20; Ps 85:8. Psalm

2. cause to look intently at, to behold, with accusative of person +ב of thing (compare Qal 8), subject ׳י:
a. cause to gaze at, with joy Ps 50:23; Ps 91:16.
b. in exultation, cause to feast one's eyes upon, fallen enemies Ps 59:11 (compare MI⁷)
c. in weakened sense, cause to behold Deut 1:33 (compare Dr). Psalms

Hoph`al 1. be caused to see, be shewn: Perfect 2 masculine singular הָרְאֵיתָ, subject man, accusative of thing, Exod 26:30 (P; ב location); so Participle מָרְאֶה Exod 25:40 (P; ב location); followed by infinitive אַתָּה הָרְאֵתָ לָדַעַת כִּי Deut 4:35.

2. be exhibited to, subject thing, accusative of person, Perfect 3 masculine singular consecutive וְהָרְאָה אֶתהַֿכֹּהֵן Lev 13:49 (P).

BDB7661 H7200 H7207

רַאֲוָה Ezek 28:17 see √Qal Infinitive, and 8 a (6).

BDB9876 H7200

ר

ראה (√ of following; not Aramaic; Biblical Hebrew רָאָה see).

see, saw, seen, behold, looked, …

rāʾâ

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

to see, look at, inspect, perceive, consider

(Qal)

to see

to appear, present oneself

to cause to see, show

to be caused to see, be shown

בְ עֵינָ֜י ו

בְ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

עֵינָ֜י

Root word eyes, sight, eye, seemeth, colour, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: עַיִן · ah-YIN

Noun — Common, both dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: with their eyes

in the sight ×109 mine eyes ×45 thine eyes ×42 his eyes ×39 in thy sight ×26 the eyes ×22 in the eyes ×20 eye ×16

More options

eye — Core anatomical meaning; singular, most versatile starting point.

sight — Prefer for phrases like 'in the sight of'; perception sense.

spring — Use when the referent is a water source, not a body part.

appearance — Suits contexts describing color, resemblance, or visual quality.

presence — Idiomatic in phrases meaning 'before someone'; relational nuance.

opinion — For idioms like 'in his own eyes'; subjective judgment sense.

BDB5892 H5772 H5771 H5869

[עוֺנָה] Qr, [ עֵינָה] Kt noun feminine only suffix Hos 10:10: Qr plural עוֺנֹתָם Baer, singular עוֺנָתָם Ginsb; > עֵינֹתָם Kt; but read עֲוֺנֹתָם, see עָוֺן 1 a..

BDB5893 H5869

עֹוֵן Kt 1Sam 18:9 see עין.

עִוְעִים see below I. עוה.

BDB6014 H5869

I. עַ֫יִן₈₅₉ noun feminine^{Gen 3:7} and (Zech 3:9; Zech 4:10 Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 75}) masculine eye (ancient Semitic word; √ and relation to II. ׳ע unknown; Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician ען; ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא Palmyrene עינא Zinjirli suffix עיני, עינך Syriac ; Assyrian ênu, enu, Tel Amarna suffix inaya and (apparently Canaanite gloss —inaya; Arabic ; Ethiopic ); — absolute ׳ע Exod 21:4 +, construct עֵין vExod 21:26 +; suffix עֵינִי Gen 44:21 + (2Sam 16:12 read עָנְיִי Vrss Comm.), עֵינְךָ Deut 7:16 +, עֵינֵנוּ Ps 35:21 (2Sam 20:6 see נצל Hiph`il); suffix 3 masculine plural עֵינָם Isa 13:18 (Zech 5:6 read עֲוֺנָם ᵐ5 We Gr Now), עֵינֵמוֺ Ps 73:7 (but read עֲוֺנָמוֺ see Commentaries); usually dual עֵינַיִם Gen 20:16 +, עֵינָ֑יִם Isa 3:16 +, especially construct עֵינֵי Gen 3:7 +, עֵנֵי Isa 3:8 suffix עֵינַי Gen 31:10 +, עֵינֶיךָ Judg 6:17 +, etc. (Hos 10:10 read עֲוֺנֹתָם compare ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Che We Gr Now); — eye:

1. literally as physical organ,
a. of man Exod 21:6 (3 t. in verse) (E), Gen 3:6 (J) +, Lev 21:20; Lev 24:20 (twice in verse); Lev 26:16 (H; very rarely P, e.g. Deut 34:4; Deut 34:7), 2Kgs 4:34 (twice in verse) +; once שְׁתֵּי עֵינַי Judg 16:28.
b. anthropomorph. of ׳י Ps 33:18; Ps 34:16 +.
c. of idols Ps 115:5; Ps 135:16.
d. of beasts Gen 30:41 (J), Job 40:24 (hippop., si vera lectio, but probably corrupt Di Siegf Bu Du where see conjectures), Job 41:10 (crocodile); bird Job 28:7; Job 39:29; .
e. in wheels Ezek 1:18 compare Ezek 10:12 on stone Zech 3:9 (all in visions). feminine subject of ראה see Gen 45:12 (twice in verse) (E), + (often Deuteronomy), with חזה Ps 11:4 men see ׳בְּע Deut 3:27; 2Kgs 7:12 +; especially ׳נָשָׂא ע + ראה Gen 13:10; Gen 10:14 (J) +; compare לְכָלמַֿרְאֵה עֵינֵי הַכֹּהֵן Lev 13:12 = as far as the priest can see, ׳מַרְאֵה ע Deut 28:34 what is seen by the eyes = vDeut 28:67; Eccl 6:9.
g. as affected by sleep, see שֵׁנָה below [יָשֵׁן].
h. as weeping, מְקוֺר דִּמְעָה ׳ע Jer 8:23, נִגְּרָה ׳ע Lam 3:49, ׳דָּֽלְפָה ע Job 16:20 see also Jer 31:16; Ps 116:8, and ירד Qal 3 c. i. as growing dim, see I. כָּהָה, חָשַׁךְ 3; with כָּבֵד Gen 48:10 (E), קוּם 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4, שָׁעַע Isa 32:3; Isa 6:10 (Hiph`il); with כָּלָה pine, languish, see ׳כ Qal 2 b, Pi`el 2 b, with דָּאַב Ps 88:10, עָשַׁשׁ Ps 6:8; Ps 31:10, דָּלַל Isa 38:14.
j. with פָּקַח open, after sleep Job 27:19, sleep of death 2Kgs 4:35 = keep awake Prov 20:13 (opposed to שֵׁנָה); of new power of vision Gen 3:5; Gen 3:7 (J), given by God Gen 21:19 (E), 2Kgs 6:17 (twice in verse); so (with וַיְגַל) Num 22:31 (JE); = give sight to blind 2Kgs 6:20 (twice in verse); Isa 35:5; Isa 42:7; Ps 146:8 of God (׳י) opening his eyes, ׳פָּקַח ע 2Kgs 19:16 = Isa 37:17; Dan 9:18, + עַלֿ Jer 32:19; Zech 12:4; Job 14:3 עַל {abbrev}שִׂי֥֥ ע Gen 44:21 (J) Jer 39:12; Jer 40:4, + לטובה Jer 24:6, + לרעה Amos 9:4 with פָּתַח + אֶלֿ 1Kgs 8:29 = 2Chr 6:20; 1Kgs 8:52; Neh 1:6, + ל 2Chr 6:40; 2Chr 7:15 + infinitive Neh 1:6. — Num 24:3; Num 24:15 see שׁתם
k. ׳אוֺר ע etc., = revive, see אור

verb Qal, Hiph`il; noun, 10.

1. ׳קָרַץ ע = wink Ps 35:19; Prov 10:10, ׳בְּע ׳ק Prov 6:13. masculine ׳יִרְזְמוּן ע Job 15:12 i.e. roll (in anger).
n. ׳ל ׳לָטַשׁ ע Job 16:9 whet eyes against = 'look daggers at.'
o. put out eye, see עִוֵּר, נקר
p. as feature of beauty, ׳יְפֵה ע Deut 16:12 compare Song 4:9; Song 7:5, יוֺנִים ׳ע Song 1:15; Song 4:1 and Song 5:12 (כְּיוֺנִים); on other hand, לֵאָה רַכּוֺת ׳ע Gen 29:17 (E); ׳וַתָּשֶׂם בַּפּוּךְ ע 2Kgs 9:30 (see פּוּךְ), compare Jer 4:30, ׳כָּחַל ע Ezek 23:40 paint the eyes .
q. apple of the eye, see אִישׁוֺן, [בָּבָה], בַּת

6. r. ׳גַּבֹּת ע Lev 14:9 eyebrows.
s. ׳חַכְלִילִי ע מִָיּ֑יִן Gen 49:12, ׳חַכְלִילוּת ע Prov 23:29 (see ׳ח); ׳מְאוֺר ע Prov 15:30, see Toy.

2. a. eyes as shewing mental qualities: arrogance גַבְהוּת ׳ע Isa 2:11, גְבֹהִים ׳ע Isa 5:15, ׳גְּבַהּעֿ Ps 101:5, ׳תִּפְאֶרֶת רוּם ע Isa 10:12 with רוּם also Ps 18:28 (so read also || 2Sam 22:28 Hup HPS), 2Sam 131:1; Prov 6:17; Prov 21:4 humility, ׳שַׁח ע Job 22:29 mockery, תִּלְעַג לְ ׳ע Prov 30:17 compare בְּ ׳רָעָה ע Deut 15:9 (grudging), Deut 28:54; Deut 28:56 (id.); especially (עַל) אַלתָּֿחֹס ׳ע not have pity on Deut 7:16 + 4 t. Deuteronomy; Ezek 5:11 + 8 t. Ezekiel; Isa 13:18, also Gen 45:20 (E; = not regret); compare ׳נֹחַם יִסָּתֵר מֵע Hos 13:14.
b. ׳מַחְמַד ע Ezek 24:16 desire of the eyes, so vEzek 24:21 vEzek 24:25 ׳שִׁקּוּצֵי ע Ezek 20:7 abominations of the eyes, so vEzek 20:8. — Ps 73:7 see חֵלֶב.

3. Figurative of mental and spiritual faculties, acts and states:
a. ׳תִּפָּקַחְנָה ע Gen 3:5; Gen 3:7 (J) Isa 42:7, ׳גְּלּוּי ע Num 24:4; Num 24:16 (JE); also ׳טַח מֵרְאוֺת ע Isa 44:18 ׳אֶליֿ ׳ע Ps 123:2 (see vPs 123:2 vPs 123:2 for origin of figurative), +; of ׳י, Ps 33:18 (i.e. his favour) Ps 34:16 (id. +.
b. הַזִּנוֺת ׳ע Ezek 6:9 ׳תִּשְׂבַּע ע Eccl 1:8; Eccl 4:8 ׳שָֽׁאֲלוּ ע Eccl 2:10 לְֹנכַח יַבִּיטוּ ׳ע Prov 4:25 ׳טוֺבעֿ Prov 22:9 = bountiful, רַע עָ֑יִן Prov 23:6 = niggardly one, so Prov 28:22 eye as avenue of temptation Job 31:1; Job 31:7 ׳שִׁית ע Ps 17:11 = designation
c. especially בְּעֵינֵי, with adjective and intransitive verbs, in the view, opinion, of Gen 16:4; Gen 16:5 (J), Gen 21:11; Gen 21:12 (E), Gen 34:18 (P), + often; with active verb 2Sam 10:3 = 1Chr 19:3; Esth 1:17; Esth 3:6 ׳הַטּוֺב בְּע Gen 16:6; Gen 19:14 (J), +, i.e. what one pleases, Num 36:6 (P) whom they please; ׳הַיָּשָׁר בְּע Deut 12:8; Deut 12:25 +, ׳הַטּוֺב וְהַיָּשָׁר בְּע vDeut 12:28; Josh 9:25 (D), ׳הָרַע בְּע Judg 2:11; Judg 3:7; Deut 4:25 + especially D and Kings (R^D); so לְנֶגֶד עיניו 2Sam 22:25 = Ps 18:25 אַחֲרֵי עֵינֵיכֶם Num 15:39 = according to your wish, fancy (+ לְבַבְכֶם).
d. ׳נֶעְלָם מֵע Lev 4:13 i.e. hid from knowledge of, so Num 5:13 (both P), Job 28:21 ׳מֵע Num 15:24 (P) without the knowledge of; מִן ׳אַעְלִים ע Isa 1:15 = disregard, pay no attention; compare Lev 20:4 (H) Ezek 22:26 without מִן, absolute, Prov 28:27 ׳נִסְתְּרוּ מֵע Isa 65:16, ׳וַיַּסְתֵּר עָמָל מֵע Job 3:10 בּוֺ ׳אַעְלִים ע (i.e. בַּכֹּפֶר) 1Sam 12:3 (נעלים sandals + ענו בי ᵐ5 Th We Kit, compare Ecclus^{xlvi. 19}; Bu HPS insert ענו בי); ׳הַשֹּׁחַד יְעַוֵּר ע Deut 16:19, compare ׳כְּסוּת ע Gen 20:16 (E).

4. Transferred meanings:
a. visible surface of earth Exod 10:5; Exod 10:15 (J) Num 22:5; Num 22:11 (JE).
b. appearance Lev 13:5 (P; reading בְּעֵינוֺ Di Kau Dr-Wh), vLev 13:37 (P; reading id.), vLev 13:55 (P) Num 11:7 (twice in verse) (JE); so apparently dual 1Sam 16:7.
c. gleam, sparkle (of metal, jewels, etc.) Ezek 1:4; Ezek 1:7; Ezek 1:16; Ezek 1:22; Ezek 1:27; Ezek 8:2; Ezek 10:9; Dan 10:6 of wine Prov 23:31.

5. Other phrases are: ׳תַּחַת ע ׳ע Exod 21:24 (E) = Lev 24:20 (H), = ׳בְּע ׳ע Deut 19:21, all = an eye for an eye; ׳בְּע ׳ע = eye to eye, Num 14:14 (P) Isa 52:8 (figurative), compare תִּרְאֶינָה ׳אֶתעֿ ׳וְע Jer 32:4; Jer 34:3 especially לְעֵינֵי in the presence of, in full view of Gen 42:24 (E) Gen 47:19 (J) Exod 4:30 (J) Num 19:5 (P), + oft; of business transaction Jer 32:12 (twice in verse); Gen 23:11; Gen 23:18 (P); so ׳נֶגֶד ע Joel 1:16, ׳לְנֶגֶד ע Job 4:16, and even ׳בְּע 1Sam 21:14; Ezra 3:12 ׳נִגְרַזְתּי מִנֶּגֶד ע Ps 31:23 ׳בֵּין ע = on the forehead Exod 13:9; Exod 13:16 (JE) Deut 6:8; Deut 11:18; Deut 14:1; Dan 8:5; Dan 8:21.

BDB6016 H5869 H5871 H5878 H5875 H5883 H5886 H8179

II. עַ֫יִן noun feminine spring (of water) (connection with I. ׳ע dubious; Late Hebrew id., Phoenician ען; Assyrian ênu, înu; Arabic ; Ethiopic ; Palmyrene עינא, ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא; Syriac ); — absolute ׳ע 1Sam 29:1 +, עָ֑יִן Gen 49:22 +, הָעַ֫יְנָה Gen 24:16; Gen 24:45 construct עֵין vGen 24:13 +; plural עֲיָנֹת Deut 8:7, וֺת- 2Chr 32:3 construct עֵינוֺת Exod 15:27 = Num 33:9, עִינוֺת Prov 8:28 (Ges^{«GKC:93v»§ 93v}); — spring Gen 16:7; Gen 24:16; Gen 24:29; Gen 24:30; Gen 24:42; Gen 24:45 (all J) Gen 49:22 (poem in J), 1Sam 29:1 עֵין חַמַּיִם Gen 16:7; Gen 24:13; Gen 24:43 (J), compare Exod 15:27 (J) Num 33:9 (P); ׳נַחֲלֵי מַיִם ע וּתְחֹמֹת Deut 8:7 מֵימֵי הָעֲיָנוֺת 2Chr 32:3 תְּהוֺם ׳ְ Prov 8:28 (i.e. of the sea); figurative עֵין יַעֲקֹב Deut 33:28 (poem), i.e. Jacob's descendants. Particular springs are:
a. חֲרֹד ׳ע Judg 7:1 (on location compare GFM).
b. הַקּוֺרֵא ׳ע (partridge-spring) Judg 15:19 (compare id.).
c. רֹגֵּל ׳ע near Jerusalem (early sanctuary RS^{Sem i. 157, 2nd ed. 172}) 2Sam 17:17 compare 1Kgs 1:2, on border of Judah Josh 15:7, and Benjamin Josh 18:16.
d. הַתַּנִּין ׳ע (dragon-spring) Neh 2:13 (= c ? so RS^l.c.). — On שַׁעַר הָעַיִן Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 see שַׁעַר

BDB8929 H8179 H5869

שַׁ֫עַר₃₇₃ noun masculine^{2Sam 18:24} (feminine^{Isa 14:31} in personification, Albr^{ZAW xvi (1896), 86}) gate; — ׳שׁ absolute Judg 9:40 +, construct Gen 22:17 +; with ה locative, שָׁ֑עְרָה Isa 28:6 +; plural שְׁעָרִים 2Sam 18:24 +, construct שַׁעֲרֵי 1Sam 17:52 +; suffix שְׁעָרֶיךָ Deut 12:15 +, שַׁעֲרֵיהֶם Ezek 21:20; Ezek 48:34, etc.; —

1. a. gate, entrance to city, shut (סָגַר) by night Josh 2:5; Josh 2:7 (JE), compare Isa 45:1, opened (פָּתַח) by day Neh 7:3, compare Isa 60:11 for entrance (בּוֺא), and exit (יָצָא) Jer 17:19; Jer 17:20; Jer 17:21; Jer 17:24; Jer 17:25; Jer 17:27; Lam 4:12; Ezek 26:10 +; ׳עָבַר שׁ Mic 2:13 pass out through (disregard accents), ׳בַּשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:10 with bars Ps 147:13 attacked Ezek 21:20; Ezek 21:27, compare Isa 28:6; Mic 1:9; Mic 1:12; 1Sam 17:52 on Judg 5:8; Judg 5:11 see Commentaries; burned (by foe) Jer 19:27; Jer 51:58; Neh 1:3; Neh 2:3; Neh 2:13; Neh 2:17 as giving control, possession, of city, אֹיְבָיו ׳יָרַשׁ אֵת שׁ Gen 22:17; Gen 24:60 (J); ׳פֶּתַח הַשּׁ Judg 9:40 + (see ׳פ), ׳דַּלְתוֺת הַשּׁ 1Sam 21:14 + (see ׳ד 3); ׳פֶּתַחהַֿשּׁ Judg 18:16; Judg 18:17 of farm or village; so of camp Exod 32:26; Exod 32:27 (J). In cities, elaborate structure, with roof 2Sam 18:24, upper chamber 2Sam 19:1 compare שְׂאוּ שְׁעָרִים רָאשֵׁיכֶם Ps 24:7; Ps 24:9 write laws ׳בִּשׁ Deut 6:9 ( + עַלמְֿזֻזוֺת בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ), Deut 11:20 (+id..); ׳בְּתוֺךְ הַשּׁ 1Sam 9:18, ׳אֶלאתּוֺךְ הַשּׁ 2Sam 3:27 ׳(לְ)יַד שׁ as public, 1Sam 4:18, + v1Sam 4:13 ᵐ5 Th We Dr and others, compare 2Sam 15:2; 2Sam 18:4; Prov 8:3 (|| מְבוֺא פְתָחִים).
b. particular gates of Jerusalem are: (1) אֶפְרַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23; Neh 8:16; Neh 12:39 (2) הָאַשְׁפֹּת ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 3:14; Neh 12:31 = הָֽשְׁפוֺת ׳שׁ Neh 3:13 (3) בִּנְיָמִין ׳שׁ Jer 37:13; Jer 38:7; Zech 14:10 (4) הַגַּיִא ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 2:15; Neh 3:13; 2Chr 26:9 (5) הַדָּגִים ׳שׁ Zeph 1:10; Neh 3:3; Neh 12:39; 2Chr 33:14 (6) בֵּין הַחֹמֹתַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 25:4 = Jer 52:7 compare Jer 39:4 (7) החרסות ׳שׁ Jer 19:2 (8) הַיְשָׁנָה ׳שׁ Neh 3:6; Neh 12:39 (9) הַמִּזְרָךְ ׳שׁ Neh 3:29 (10) הַמַּטָּרָה ׳שׁ Neh 12:39 (11) ׳הַמָּ֑יִם שׁ Neh 8:1; Neh 8:3; Neh 8:16 (12) הַמַּיִם לַמִּזְרָ֑ח ׳שׁ Neh 3:26,compare Neh 12:37 (13) הַמִּפְקָ֑ד ׳שׁ Neh 3:31 (14) הָעַיִן ׳שׁ Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 (15) הַסּוּסִים ׳שׁ Jer 31:40; Neh 3:28 (compare 3 b); (16) הַפִּנָּה ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23 (read הַפִּנָּה for הַפּוֺנֶה), Jer 31:38; 2Chr 26:9 probably = הַפִּנִּים ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 (17) הַצּאֹן ׳שׁ Neh 3:1; Neh 3:32; Neh 12:39 (18) הָרִאשׁוֺן ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 — on sites and related to each other see RS-GASm^{Ency. Bib. JERUSALEM} Conder^{Hast. DB id.} Buhl^{G 133 ff.} Bd^{Pal. under the word} Murray^{Hd. Bk, under the word} BeRy^{Ne p. 182 ff.} Gu^ZPV, especially v (1882). 7 ff. viii (1885), 245 ff. Comm.^{on the passage variant} reading
c. of Ezekiel's holy city, שַׁעֲרֵי הָעִיר Ezek 48:31, three on each side, named for tribes, vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 + 12 t. Ezek 48.

2. a. gate = space inside gate, as public meeting-place, market 2Kgs 7:1; 2Kgs 7:18, place of public well 2Sam 23:15; 2Sam 23:16 = 1Chr 11:17; 1Chr 11:18, where elders, judges, king, sat officially Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Amos 5:12; Amos 5:15; Isa 29:21; 2Sam 18:24; 2Sam 19:9; 1Kgs 22:10 = 2Chr 18:9; Gen 19:1 (J) Prov 24:7; Job 5:4; Job 31:21; Ruth 4:1 (twice in verse); Prov 31:23; Prov 31:31, etc.; of conqueror Jer 1:15 apparently = ׳רְחוֺב שׁ Gen 19:2 (J) Neh 8:16; 1Chr 9:16 + (see I. ׳ר); Gen 34:20 (P) one came unto gate (בָּא אֶלֿ), so ׳בָּאֵי שׁ Gen 23:10; Gen 23:18 (P) those entering the gate, i.e. having citizens' rights; also went out (to), ׳יָצָא שׁ Job 29:7 (i.e., in this case, from his own house, outside the city), hence ׳כָּליֹֿצְאֵי שׁ Gen 34:24 (twice in verse) (P; compare also הוֺצִיא אֶלֿ Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Deut 22:24); hence = body of citizens, עַמִּי׳כָּלשֿׁ Ruth 3:11.
b. hence also = city Isa 14:31 (|| עִיר), Ps 87:2, etc.
c. specifically in Deuteronomy, בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ in thy gates, i.e. thy cities, towns, etc., Deut 5:14 = Exod 20:10; Deut 12:12; Deut 12:15; Deut 12:17; Deut 12:21 + 22 t. Deuteronomy + 1Kgs 8:37 (read ׳בְּאַחַד שׁ, compare Deut 18:6; Deut 23:17, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 modern), so || 2Chr 6:28, + (perhaps) Jer 14:2 (but Jer 15:7; Nah 3:13 figurative of gates as entrance to land); of private house, שַׁעֲרֵי צַדִּיק Prov 14:19 (perhaps compare Judg 18:16 1 a above).

3. a. gate of royal castle or palace 2Kgs 9:31; Jer 22:2; Jer 22:4; Neh 2:8; Esth 2:19 + 10 t. Esther; specifically (of king of Judah), סוּר ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:6 = הַיְסוֺד ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:5 (see ׳ס, ׳יס), הָרָצִים ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:19, ׳אַחַר הָר ׳הַשּׁ v2Kgs 11:6 ׳הַסּוּסִים בֵּית הַמּ ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:15 ( = ׳מְבוֺא הַסּ || 2Kgs 11:16); apparently of official residence, יְהוֺשֻׁעַ ׳פֶּתַח שׁ 2Kgs 23:8.
b. of temple Jer 7:2 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:23; 1Chr 16:42 + 12 t. Chronicles, including ׳שַׁעֲרֵי מַחֲנוֺת י 2Chr 31:2 (see מַחֲנֶה 1, p. 334), compare Ps 100:4; Ps 118:20, שַׁעֲרֵי צֶדֶק vPs 100:19 specifically בִּנְיָמִין הָעֶלְיוֺן ׳שׁ Jer 20:2, and (omit ׳בִּנְי) 2Kgs 15:35 = 2Chr 27:3; Ezek 9:2; 2Chr 23:20, הֶחָדָשׁ ׳(בֵּית) י ׳שׁ Jer 26:10; Jer 36:10, הַפְּנִימִית הַפּוֺנֶה ׳שׁ צָפוֺנָה Ezek 8:3 compare vEzek 8:14, Ezek 8:5, הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַמִּזְבֵּחַ שַׁעַר בֵּית י ׳שׁ Ezek 10:19; Ezek 11:1 שַׁלֶּכֶת ׳שׁ 1Chr 26:16 שַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶח 1Chr 9:18.
c. of Ezekiel's temple and courts Ezek 40:3; Ezek 40:6; Ezek 44:11; Ezek 44:17 + 67 t. Ezek 40-47.
d. of court of tabernacle (P), הֶחָצֵר ׳שׁ Exod 27:16; Exod 35:17 + 6t. Exodus + Num 4:36.

4. figurative הַשָּׁמַיִם ׳זֶה שׁ Gen 28:17 (E; || בֵּית אֱלֹהִים); plural שַׁעֲרֵי שְׁאוֺל Isa 38:10 מָֿוֶת׳שׁ Job 38:17; Ps 9:14; Ps 107:18 צַלְמָוֶת ׳שׁ Job 38:17.

BDB9761 H5869 H5870

[עַ֫יִן] noun feminine^{Ezra 5:5} eye (see Biblical Hebrew I. ׳ע); — construct עֵין Ezra 5:5 (of God); plural (K^{§ 51, 1}) of horn, עַיְנִין Dan 7:8; Dan 7:20 of man, dual construct עַיְנֵי vDan 7:8, suffix עַיְנַי Dan 4:31.

eyes, sight, eye, seemeth, colour, …

ʿayin

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

eye

eye

of physical eye

וּ בְ אָזְנָ֣י ו

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

בְ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

אָזְנָ֣י

Root word ears, ear, audience, hearing, me, …

ו

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: אֹזֶן · oh-DZEN

Noun — Common, feminine dual, construct state dual — a natural pair ("two ___"); "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: with their ears

in the ears ×22 thine ear ×16 ear ×9 their ear ×7 in mine ears ×6 the ear ×6 his ear ×5 his ears ×4

More options

ear — Standard, neutral term; fits most prose and poetry contexts.

hearing — Use when the sense is 'within someone's hearing/audience'.

attention — Idiomatic for phrases like 'lend an ear'; signals receptivity.

audience — Formal register; suits proclamation or official speech contexts.

perception — Emphasizes cognitive reception of sound, not just the organ.

BDB263 H241

אֹ֫זֶן₁₈₈ noun feminine: Exod 29:20 ear (Arabic , Aramaic , אוּדְנָא, Assyrian uznu, Ethiopic ) — absolute 2Sam 22:45 +; construct Exod 29:20 +; suffix אָזְנִי 1Sam 20:2 +, etc.; dual אָזְנַיִם (נָ֑יִם) Deut 29:3 +; construct אָזְנֵי Gen 23:10 +; suffix אָזְנַי (נָֿ֑י) Num 14:28 +; (never with article). —

1. ear, as part of body; of human being, as bearing earring Gen 35:4; Exod 32:2; Exod 32:3 (all J E) Ezek 16:12 pierced by a master Exod 21:6 (E) Deut 15:17 touched with blood in consecration (׳תְּנוּךְ א tip of ear) Lev 8:23; Lev 8:24; Lev 14:14; Lev 14:17; Lev 14:25; Lev 14:28 cut off by enemy Ezek 23:25 (of אָהֳלִיבָה q. v.); ear of dog Prov 26:17 מַחֲזִיק בְּאָזְנֵיכָּֿ֑לֶב; of sheep Amos 3:12 (fragment rescued from lion).

2. especially as organ of hearing,
a. of man Deut 29:3; 2Sam 22:45 = Ps 18:45; Job 42:5; Isa 30:21 implanted (נטע) by ׳י Ps 94:9 of idols (do not hear) Ps 115:6; Ps 135:17 ׳שָׁמַע בא 2Sam 7:22 + 8 t.; especially ׳בְּא after verb of saying = in the ears, in the hearing of Gen 20:8 (E) Gen 23:10; Gen 23:13; Gen 23:16 (P) Gen 44:18; Gen 50:4 (J) Deut 5:1; Deut 31:11; Deut 31:28; Deut 31:30 + 44 t.; compare Isa 5:9 (verb omitted); after noun of utterance, sound 1Sam 15:14; Job 13:17; Job 15:21 compare ׳א after verbal noun Ezek 24:26 (׳לְהַשְׁמָעוּת א) compare Isa 11:3 ׳הִטָּה א incline the ear = give attention Ps 45:11; Prov 22:17 + 9 t.; followed by ל Ps 49:5 + 4 t.; so ׳הִקְשִׁיב א Isa 32:3; Prov 2:2 (followed by ל); ׳ל ׳הֵבִיא א Prov 23:2 as receiving words תָּקַּח ׳א Job 4:12 compare Jer 9:19 as tingling (צלל) at dreadful news 1Sam 3:11; 2Kgs 21:12; Jer 19:3 as hearing with satisfaction, triumph Ps 92:12 תִּשְׁמַעְנָה אָזְנָי֑ (|| ׳וַתַּבֵּט עֵינִי בְּ but Che strike out; as intelligent (involving mental process) וַתָּבֶן לָהּ ׳שָֽׁמְעָה א Job 13:1 מִלִּין תִּבְחָ֑ן ׳א Job 12:11 compare Job 34:3 as unsatisfied Eccl 1:8 מִשְּׁמֹעַ ׳לֹא תִמָּלֵא א; as seeking (בקשׁ) know-ledge Prov 18:15 as hearing & blessing Job 29:11 compare שֹׁמַעַת ׳א Prov 20:12; Prov 25:12 a hearing (responsive, obedient) ear; compare Prov 15:31; Isa 43:8 opposed to stopping the ears (wilful ignorance) מִןֿ ׳אֹטֵם א Prov 21:13 cf Isa 33:15 also of adder in simile of wicked Ps 58:5 כְּמוֺ פֶתֶן חֵרֵשׁ יַאְטֵם אָזְנוֺ; מִןֿ ׳מֵסִיר א Prov 28:9 so ׳עֲרֵלָה א their ear is uncircumcised Jer 6:10 ׳הִכְּבִּיד א Zech 7:11 compare Isa 48:8; Jer 5:21; Ezek 12:2 compare also Isa 42:20.
b. of Yahweh, ׳י ׳בְּא after verb of utterance Num 11:18 (J) Num 14:28 (P) 1Sam 8:21; Ezek 8:18 after עָלָה 2Kgs 19:28 = Isa 37:29 after בּוֺא Ps 18:7 compare 2Sam 22:7 where verb omitted; so also (after noun without verb) Num 11:1 (J) ׳י ׳בְּא 1Chr 28:8 nearly = in presence of; incline the ear ׳הִטָּה א 2Kgs 19:16 = Isa 37:17; Dan 9:18; Ps 86:1 followed by לְ Ps 17:6; Ps 88:3; Ps 116:2 followed by אֶלֿ Ps 31:3; Ps 71:2; Ps 102:3 ׳הִקְשִׁיב א Ps 10:17 ׳קַשֻּׁבוֺת לְ א 2Chr 6:40; 2Chr 7:15 compare Ps 130:2 id. followed by אֶלֿ Neh 1:6; Neh 1:11 verb omitted אֶלֿ ׳א Ps 34:16 compare Isa 59:1 ׳לֹא כָֽבְדָה א; Lam 3:56 ׳ל ׳אַלתַּֿעְלֵם א.

3. ׳גָּלָה אopen ears of, reveal to, subject man 1Sam 20:2; 1Sam 20:12; 1Sam 20:13; 1Sam 22:8 (twice in verse); 1Sam 22:17; Ruth 4:4 subject ׳י 1Sam 9:15; 2Sam 7:27; 1Chr 17:25 לְמוּסָר ׳א ׳גּ Job 36:10, compare vJob 36:15 ׳כָּרָה א Ps 40:7 לִשְׁמֹעַ ׳יָעִירלִי א Isa 50:4 ׳פָּתַחלִֿי א Isa 50:5 compare חֵרְשִׁים תִּפָּתַחְנָה ׳וְא Isa 35:5 opposed to judicial deafness Mic 7:16; Isa 6:10.

ears, ear, audience, hearing, me, …

ʾōzen

broadness. i.e., (concrete) the ear (from its form in man)

ear, as part of the body

יִשְׁמָ֗ע

Root word heard, hear, hearken, hearkened, obey, …

Dictionary form: שָׁמַע · shaw-MA

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and hear

hear ×182 heard ×140 hearken ×67 hearkened ×35 and hear ×28 obey ×18 to hear ×18 i have heard ×17

More options

hear — Most natural default; covers auditory perception broadly.

listen — Implies attentiveness; prefer when active attention is stressed.

obey — Use when compliance or submission to a command is in view.

heed — Blends listening and obeying; good for warnings or instructions.

pay attention — Emphatic register; suits solemn or urgent calls to listen.

understand — Use when comprehension, not just audition, is the focus.

BDB8819 H8085

שָׁמַע₁₁₅₉ verb hear (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician שמע Lzb³⁷⁸; Assyrian šemû; Arabic ; Sabean סמע mostly in derivatives, especially epithet of divinity סמע he who hears Hom^{Chr 124} Fell^{ZMG liv (1900), 250, 252} DHM^{Hofmus. No. 10, 1. 1}; Ethiopic Aramaic שְׁמַע, , Old Aramaic שמע Lzb³⁷⁸; compare also משמעת MI²⁸ obedience); —

Qal₁₀₅₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Gen 24:52 +, שָׁמֵ֑עַ Jer 36:13 + 3 t.; 2 feminine singular שָׁמַ֫עַתְּ 1Kgs 1:11 + 2 t.; 3 plural שָׁמֵ֑עוּ Judg 2:17 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמַע Exod 6:30 +, 1 singular cohortative אֶשְׁמְעָה Num 9:8, וָאֶשְׁמְָעָה (on ְָ֯ compare Ges^{«GKC:10h»§ 10h}; Ol^{§ 65 c question} reading) Dan 8:13 2 masculine plural תִּשְׁמְע֔וּן Deut 8:20 +, תִּשְׁמָע֔וּן Deut 1:17, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁמַע Amos 7:16 +, שִׁמְעָךְ Job 32:10 + (especially Psalms), שְׁמָ֨עָךְ֨ Dan 9:19 feminine plural שְׁמַעְנָה Isa 32:9; Jer 9:19, שְׁמַ֫עַן Gen 4:23 (Ges^{«GKC:46f»§ 46f}), etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁמוֺעַ Isa 6:9 +; construct שְׁמֹעַ 1Sam 15:22 +; suffix שָׁמְעו Deut 29:18 +, שָׁמְעָתוֺ Isa 30:19 (Gen 18:10 + etc.; —

1. subject human person (or thing personified):
a. hear (perceive by ear), accusative of thing, especially קוֺל Gen 3:10 (J) + 46 t., דבר(יםׅ Amos 8:11 + 50 t., etc.; accusative חָכְמָה i.e. wise sayings 1Kgs 5:14 + 4 t.; so any utterance or sound (approximately 150 t. in all) + (object omitted) Deut 4:33 + 32 t. + (temporal clause) 1Sam 14:27 + 6 t.; very rarely with ב, ׳בְּסוֺד י ׳שׁ Job 15:8 with object clause, ׳כִּ Exod 4:31 + 52 t. + Isa 39:1b (read ׳כִּי שׁ ᵐ5 ᵑ7 || 2Kgs 20:12), אֶתאֲֿשֶׁר Josh 2:10; Josh 5:1 (both R^D), מַהֹֿ֯ Judg 7:11 +3 t.; without connect. אֹתָהּ ׳שׁ עָשִׂיתִי 2Kgs 19:25 = Isa 37:26 singular oratio recta [direct speech] Isa 40:28; Zech 8:23.
b. accusative of person + מְדַבֵּר hear one speaking Gen 27:6 (J), Jer 26:7; Dan 8:13, so בֹּכֶה Num 11:10 (J), נִבָּא Jer 20:1 מְקַלְלֶ֑ךָ Eccl 7:21 occas. pears. omitted, דֹּבְרִים Gen 37:17 (JE), אֶתמִֿדַּבֵּר Ezek 2:2; Ezek 43:6 (see דבר Hithpa`el); accusative of person only Dan 12:7.
c. with לֵאמֹר only, hear say = hear it said, 1Sam 13:4; 2Sam 19:3; Deut 13:13; Josh 22:11 (P), 1Kgs 16:16 + עַל person concerning Gen 41:15 (E), Isa 37:9 אֶל person id. 2Kgs 19:9.
d. hear of, concerning: (1) accusative of thing, אֵת(כָּלֿ)אֲשֶׁר Exod 18:1; 2Kgs 19:11 + 5 t., דבר(יםׅ 1Sam 3:11 + 4 t., רָעָה Jer 19:3 + 5 t., etc.; כַּאֲשֶׁר 1Sam 23:11; Ps 48:9, כָּואֹת Isa 66:8 hear of anything like this, כָּאֵלֶּךְ Jer 18:13 accusative, etc., omitted Judg 9:46 + 43 t.; (2) less often accusative of person Job 42:5, אֶל person Ezek 19:4, person omitted Deut 9:2 with ב person hear exultantly of their fate Ps 92:12 (probably imitated from || הִכִּיט בְּ v^a; see especially ראךְ 8 a (6)).
e. hear, absolute, = have power to hear, 2Sam 19:36 (with בְּקוֺל ), Isa 21:3; Isa 32:3; Prov 20:12; Zech 7:11 in simile Ps 38:15 with negative of idols Deut 4:28; Ps 115:6 figurative (spiritual power) Jer 5:21; Deut 29:8; Ezek 12:2; Isa 42:20. — Prov 21:28 is probably corrupt, see Toy. feminine hear with attention, interest, listen to (sometimes || חֶאֱןין), חִקְשִׁיב accusative דבר(יםׅ (54 t.) Amos 4:1 +, especially ׳דבר(י) י Num 12:6 (JE) + 45 t.; אִמְרָה Isa 28:23, קוֺל vIsa 28:23, זאֹת Mic 3:9, etc.; often absolute Judg 5:3 + 57 t., + (negative) Ps 38:14 pay no attention; absolute לֵב שֹׁמֵעַ 1Kgs 3:9, אִישׁ שֹׁטֵעַ Prov 21:28.
g. understand (language), שָׂפָחךְ Gen 11:7 (J), Isa 33:19, לָשׁוֺן Deut 28:49, דְּבָרִין Ezek 3:6, מַהיְּֿדַבֵּר Jer 5:15, no accusative Gen 42:23 (E), 2Kgs 18:26 = Isa 36:11.
h. specif of hearing a (judicial) casre, דָּבָר Deut 1:17, compare vDeut 1:17 accusative omitted בֵּין person vDeut 1:16, of ׳י Judg 11:10 with מִשְׁפָּט 1Kgs 3:11 הִטּוֺב וְהָרֵע ׳לשׁ 2Sam 14:17, וְשֹׁמֵע אֵין לְךָ 2Sam 15:3, compare Job 31:35.
i. with accusative of person in polite address, hear us (me)! Gen 23:6; Gen 23:8; Gen 23:11; Gen 23:13; Gen 23:15 (all P), 1Chr 28:2; 2Chr 13:4; 2Chr 15:2; 2Chr 20:20
j. listen, give heed (sometimes || הִקְשִׁיב), absolute, Gen 42:21 (E) + 18: t., + (usually || הִטָּה אֹ׃ון), Jer 7:13 + 14 t. Jeremiah, + (opposed to חָדַל) Ezek 2:5 + 3 t. Ezekiel; + שִׂים עַללֵֿב Mal 2:2 hear + do Deut 5:24; 2Kgs 18:12, etc.; = consent, agree, Gen 37:27 (J), grant request Judg 11:17 with ל person (mostly late) Judg 19:25; 1Sam 30:24; Job 15:17 + 16 t., ׳לי Hos 9:17; Lev 26:14; Lev 26:18; Lev 26:21; Lev 26:27 ׳לְדִבְרֵי י 1Sam 15:1, לְעֵצָה Prov 12:15.
k. with אֶל person + listen to, yield to Gen 49:2; Judg 2:17 + 69 t. (׳אֶליֿ 15 t., especially Jer 7:26 + 10 t. Jeremiah), עַל person 2Kgs 20:13 אֶלדִּֿבְרֵי etc., Deut 18:19; Jer 29:10 + 14 t., עַלדִּֿבְרֵי etc., 2Kgs 22:13 + 3 t.; very rarely accusative of thing 1Sam 24:10 (Gi v.1Sam 24:9).

1. לְקוֺל ׳שׁ = id., obey, Gen 3:17 (J) + 11 t. + (׳לְקוֺל י) Judg 2:20; Exod 15:26 (JE). masculine very often, בְּקוֺל ׳שׁ = obey 1Sam 8:7 + 25 t., + ׳שׁ ׳בְּקוֺל י (׳י's word, etc.) Deut 4:30; Jer 3:13 + 65 t. (Deut 18 t., Jer 18 t.). noun obey, with accusative דבר(יםׅ Josh 1:18 + 2 t. + (׳י ׳ד) Jer 11:3 + 5 t. Jeremiah; 1Kgs 12:24 = 2Chr 11:4, etc.; accusative of person Exod 6:12 (P), 2Chr 28:11.
o. absolutebe obedient (especially to ׳י) Isa 1:19; Mic 5:14; Jer 12:17 + 4 t. Jeremiah + 7 t.

2. ׳י (God) subject:
a. accusative קוֺל, דברים, etc., Gen 21:17 (E), 2Kgs 19:4 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 19:16, usually with favour implied Num 20:16; Deut 33:7 +, so especially accusative תְּפִלָּה, תְּחנָּה, etc., 1Kgs 8:45; Ps 6:10 +.
b. object clause כִּי Gen 29:33 (J).
c. no object (32 t.) Isa 59:2; Jer 22:21, usually hear and foregive, help, etc 1Kgs 8:30; 1Kgs 8:32; Isa 30:19 +; hear be angry Ps 78:59, compare Ps 55:20.
d. = be able to hear Isa 59:1; Ps 94:9.
e. בְּקוֺל ׳שׁ = hear (and grant) Gen 30:6 (J) + 6 t. femininehear and answer, with אֶל of city, etc., Gen 21:7; Gen 16:11; 1Kgs 8:28 + 8 t.; with אֶל person Deut 3:36 + 12 t.
g. with לְ of utterance Jer 18:19; Ps 61:6 ל person Josh 24:10 (E).
h. hear, accusative of person + מִתְנוֺדֵד Jer 31:18 favourably, with accusative of person Mic 7:7 + 3 t., so, + ל concerning, Gen 17:20 (P); object omitted 2Kgs 22:19; Ps 22:23 + 3 t. + Ps 34:7; Ps 34:18 (hear and deliver); with temporal clause Jer 11:14 Niph`al₄₂ Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁמַע Gen 45:16 +, etc; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשָּׁמַע Exod 23:13 +, יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ 1Sam 1:13, etc.; Infinitive construct הִשָּׁמַל Esth 2:8 Participle feminine נִשְׁמַ֫עַת Jer 51:46, etc.; —

1. be heard, of voice, sound, etc., 1Sam 1:13; 1Kgs 6:7; Job 26:14 (or 1 plural Qal Imperfect?); of a resort, ֗֗֗ לֵאמֹר ׳נִשׁ Gen 45:16 (E); subject clause, ׳כִּ, Neh 6:1 (ל person), compare clauseוְהַיְהוּדִים חשְׁבִים Neh 6:6 vNeh 6:7 be reported, כַּדְּבָרִיס הָאֵלֶּה (לַמֶּלֶחׅ); be heard, לִפְנֵי אֱםהֶיךָ Dan 10:12.

2. be heard of, כָּמֹהוּ Deut 4:32.

3. be regarded, obeyed, Eccl 9:17 in 2Sam 22:45 = Ps 18:45 it is be obedient (לִיׅ, si vera lectio (read perhaps Qal. compare Now).

4. בְּקוֺלָם ׳וַיִישּׁ 2Chr 30:27 = (favourable) hearing was granted to their voice Pi`el Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיְשַׁמַּע 1Sam 15:4 he caused the people (accusative) to hear and respond, i.e. he assembled them), so 1Sam 23:8 (see Hiph`il 1 c). Hiph`il₆₃ Perfect 3 masculine singular הִשְׁמִיעַ 1Kgs 15:22 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix יַשְׁמִעֵנִי Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13 2 masculine singular jussive תַּשְׁמַע Judg 18:23, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הִשְׁמִיעֵנִי Ps 143:8 feminine singular suffix הַשְׁמִיעִנִי Song 2:14; Song 8:13, etc.; Infinitive construct לַשְׁמִעַ Ps 26:7 (Ges^{«GKC:53q»§ 53q}); Participle מַשְׁמִיעַ Jer 4:15 +, etc.; —

1. of man:
a. cause to hear accusative of person + of thing Deut 30:12; Deut 30:13; Song 2:14; Song 8:13 + 4 t.; object of thing omitted (= make proclamation to) 1Kgs 15:22 object person omitted Jer 5:20 +; accusative שָׁלוֺם Isa 52:7; Nah 2:1 i.e. proclaimpeace; אָוֶֺן Jer 4:15 (מִן local); קוֺל ׳הַשׁ utter a sound Josh 6:10 (J; || הֵרִיעַ), compare Judg 18:25 (קוֺלְךָ, + עִמָּנוּ), Isa 42:2; Isa 58:4 קוֺל תְּהִלָּתוֺ ׳הִשׁ Ps 66:8 בְּקוֺל תּוֺדָה Ps 26:7.
b. absolute as musical term, sound aloud, בִּמְצִלְתַּיִם לְהִשְׁמִיעַ 1Chr 15:19 (perhaps to mark the time, Gr^{Ps 67} De compare 1Chr 16:5 also Ps 150:5 בְּצִלְצְלֵי שָׁ֑מַע), מַשְׁמִיעִים 1Chr 15:16; 1Chr 15:28; 1Chr 16:42, קוֺל אֶחָד ׳לְהַשׁ 2Chr 5:13 i.e. probably in unison (Prince^{EB iii, 3241}), Neh 12:42.
c. absolute make proclamation (often || הִגִּיד), Amos 3:9; Amos 4:5; Isa 41:26; Jer 4:5 + 6 t. Jeremiah
d. הַשְׁמִיעוּ, accusative of person + אֶל location = summon Jer 50:29, עַל location Jer 51:27 (compare Pi`el).

2. ׳י subject:
a. cause to hear, accusative of person and thing Deut 4:10; Deut 4:36 (מִן local), 2Kgs 7:6 + 4 t.; accusative of person omitted Isa 30:30 + 3 t.; accusative of thing omitted Isa 44:8; Isa 48:5.
b. = tell, accusative of person + כָּזאֹת Judg 13:23 accusative of person only, Isa 42:9 accusative of thing only, Isa 48:3; Ezek 36:15 (אֵלַיִךְ).
c. absolute, make proclamation Isa 43:12; Isa 62:11 (אֶל location).

BDB9967 H8085 H8086

שְׁמַע verb hear (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Dan 6:15 1 singular שִׁמְעֵת Dan 5:14; Dan 5:16 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁמַע Dan 3:10, 2 m. pl. תִּשְׁמְעוּן Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15 Participle active שָֽׁמְעִין Dan 3:7; Dan 5:23 — hear: = have sense of hearing Dan 5:23 with accusative of sound Dan 3:5; Dan 3:7; Dan 3:10; Dan 3:15, word Dan 6:15 with clause דִּי + עַל person concerning, Dan 5:14; Dan 5:16. Hithpe`el shew oneself obedient: Imperfect 3 masculine plural יִשְׁתַּמְעוּן Dan 7:27, with ל person (probably).

heard, hear, hearken, hearkened, obey, …

šāmaʿ

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

(v) to hear, listen to, obey

(Qal)

to hear (perceive by ear)

to consent, agree

to be heard (of voice or sound)

to cause to hear, tell, proclaim, utter a sound

וּ לְבָב ֥וֹ

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

לְבָב

Root word heart, hearts, mind, understanding, unawares, …

֥וֹ

Suffix — pronoun his / him / it

Dictionary form: לֵבָב · lay-BAWB

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: with their heart

thine heart ×23 heart ×19 your heart ×17 his heart ×14 in thine heart ×12 my heart ×8 of heart ×7 the heart ×7

More options

heart — Core rendering; covers emotion, will, and devotion.

mind — Prefer when the context emphasizes thought or reasoning.

inner self — Captures the whole inner person; good for devotional texts.

soul — Emphasizes deep personal identity or spiritual seat.

understanding — Use when the passage stresses discernment or wisdom.

courage — Rare; fits military or resolve contexts (e.g. 'take heart').

BDB4294 H3824

לֵבָב₂₅₁ noun masculine^{Ps 104:15} inner man, mind, will, heart; — absolute ׳ל Deut 28:28 + 31 t.; construct לִבַב Deut 20:8 + 22 t.; suffix לְבָבִי Isa 21:4 + 24 t.; לְבָֽבְךָ Deut 4:29 + 35 t.; לְבָבֶ֑ךָ Deut 4:39 + 21 t.; לְבָבֵךְ 1Sam 1:8 + 3 t.; לְבָבוֺ Deut 2:30 + 37 t.; לְבָבָהּ Zeph 2:15 + 3 t.; לִבָבֵנוּ Deut 1:28 + 3 t.; לְבַבְכֶם Deut 10:16 + 37 t.; לְבָבָם Lev 26:41 + 22 t.; plural with suffix לִבְבֵהֶן Nah 2:8 (Sta^{§ 353 a} reads לְבַבְהֶן, but see Kö^{ii. 78}); plural לְבָבוֺת 1Chr 28:9. — The inner, middle, or central part: I. seldom of things בִּלְבַב יַמִּים in the Midst of the seas Jonah 2:3 (poetry); עד לבב השׁמים unto the midst of heaven Deut 4:11 (so ⅏ but ᵑ0 לב). II. usually of men:

1. the inner man in contrast with the outer, כלה שׁארי ולבבי my flesh and my heart (soul) doth fail Ps 73:26 antithesis with garments Joel 2:13 hands Ps 73:13; Lam 3:41 ?; eyes Num 15:39 (H) 1Sam 16:7 ears Ezek 3:10 mouth Deut 30:14 speech Ps 28:3; Ps 78:18 מְתֹפֲפֹת עַללִֿבְבֵהֶן tabering upon their breasts Nah 2:7 (inner for outer).

2. the inner man, indefinite the soul, comprehending mind, affections and will, or, in connection with certain verbs, having more specific reference to some one of them. בכללֿבב ובכלנֿפשׁ with all the heart and with all the soul Deut 4:29; Deut 6:5; Deut 10:12; Deut 11:13; Deut 13:4; Deut 26:16; Deut 30:2; Deut 30:6; Deut 30:10; Deut 23:14; Deut 1:4; Deut 8:48 (= 2Chr 6:38 לב ?) 2Kgs 23:25; 2Chr 15:12; 2Chr 34:31 ( = 2Kgs 23:3 לב ?) Jer 32:41 abbreviated בכללֿבב 1Sam 7:3; 1Sam 12:20; 1Sam 12:24; 1Kgs 14:8; 2Kgs 10:31; 2Chr 15:5; 2Chr 22:9; 2Chr 31:21; Ps 86:12; Ps 111:1; Jer 29:13; Joel 2:12 אשׁר בלבב what is in the heart (mind) Deut 8:2; 1Sam 9:19; 1Sam 14:7; 2Sam 7:3 ( = 1Chr 17:2) 2Kgs 10:30; 2Chr 32:31 compare Job 10:13; Ps 84:6 (?); עם לבב with the heart (mind), with ידע Deut 8:5, שִׂיחַ Ps 77:7, usually with היה, of a thought or purpose, Deut 15:9; Josh 14:7; 1Kgs 8:17; 1Kgs 8:18 (twice in verse) ( = 2Chr 6:7; 2Chr 6:8 (twice in verse)) 2Chr 10:2 ( = 2Chr 9:1) 1Chr 22:7; 1Chr 28:2; 2Chr 1:11; 2Chr 29:10 (compare 2Chr 24:4 לב); כלבב according to the heart 1Sam 13:14; 1Sam 14:7; Ps 20:7. We may add Deut 5:26; Deut 11:16; Deut 11:18; Deut 17:17; 1Sam 2:35; 2Sam 19:15; 1Kgs 8:39 (twice in verse) ( = 2Chr 6:30 (twice in verse)) 2Chr 11:2; 2Chr 11:3 (לב an error) v2Chr 11:4 v2Chr 11:9; 1Chr 12:17; 1Chr 22:19; 1Chr 28:9; Ps 62:9; Ps 86:11; Ps 139:23; Isa 7:2; Dan 11:27; Dan 11:28.

3. specific reference to mind (characteristic of לבב):
a. אַנְשֵׁי לֵבָב men of mind Job 34:10; Job 34:34 גם לי לבב I also have a mind Job 12:3 ׳הוֺלֵלוֺת בִּל madness is in (their) mind Eccl 9:3 (?); ,וַתִּגְנֹב לְבָבִי and thou didst steal my mind Gen 31:26 (E, the לֵב of vGen 31:20 should be corrected to לבב compare 'steal me' vGen 31:27).
b. knowledge, with ידע Deut 8:5; Deut 23:14; 1Kgs 2:44 הבין Isa 6:10; Isa 32:4 חֲכַם לֵבָב wise of mind Job 9:4 לְבַב חָכְמָה mind of wisdom Ps 90:12.
c. thinking, reflection, with חשׁב Isa 10:7; Zech 7:10; Zech 8:17 (שׂיּח Ps 77:7 above); ׳יצר מחשׁבות ל conception of thoughts of mind 1Chr 29:18 ׳מַשְׂכִּיּוֺת ל imaginations of (their) mind Ps 73:7 ׳מוֺרָשֵׁי ל possessions (thoughts) of (my) mind Job 17:11 שׂם לבב set the mind, consider Hag 2:15; Hag 2:18 (twice in verse), with לְ Deut 32:46, על Hag 1:5; Hag 1:7.
d. of memeory שׂם בלבב lay up in the mind 1Sam 21:13; Job 22:22 ׳השׁיב אל ל lay to heart, call to mind Deut 4:39; Deut 30:1; 2Chr 6:37 ( = 1Kgs 8:47 לב ?); ׳עלה על ל come upon the mind Jer 51:50; Ezek 38:10 (compare לֵב 3 d); ׳סוּר מל depart from the mind Deut 4:9 ׳שׁמר בתוך ל keep in the midst of (thy) mind Prov 4:21 ׳על ל upon the mind Deut 6:6.

4. specific reference to inclinations, resolutions determinations of the will (characteristic of ׳ל): ׳הכין ל set the mind, with אֶל 1Sam 7:3; 1Chr 29:18, לְ 2Chr 20:33 לדרשׁ 2Chr 19:3; 2Chr 30:19; Ezra 7:10 אֶל׳הטה ל Josh 24:23 (E) 1Kgs 8:58 לדרשׁ ׳נתן ל 1Chr 22:19, compare 2Chr 11:16 פנה מעם ׳ל mind turn away from Deut 29:17; Deut 30:17 ׳פ ׳יֵהָפֵךְ ל Pharaoh's mind was changed Exod 14:5 (E).

5. specific reference to conscience לא יחרף לבבי my heart (conscience) shall not reproach me Job 27:6.

6. specific reference to moral character (characteristic of ׳ל): God tries the ׳ל 1Chr 29:17:
a. ׳ישֶׁר ל uprightness of heart Deut 9:5; 1Chr 29:17; Ps 119:7 (?); ׳יִשְׁרֵי ל 2Chr 29:34 ׳יִשְׁרַת ל 1Kgs 3:6 יָשָׁר ׳ל 2Kgs 10:15 (3 t. in verse); ׳תָּסלֿ integrity of heart Gen 20:5; Gen 20:6 (E) 1Kgs 9:4; Ps 78:72; Ps 101:2 שָׁלֵם (עִםׅ ׳ל heart perfect (with) 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:14 (= 2Chr 15:17) 2Kgs 20:3 (= Isa 38:3 לֵב ?) 1Chr 12:39; 1Chr 29:19; 1Chr 2:9; 1Chr 19:9; 1Chr 25:2 ׳בַּרלֿ pure in heart Ps 24:4 ׳בָּרֵי ל Ps 73:1. We may add 2Kgs 22:19 = 2Chr 34:27; Neh 9:8; Jer 32:40.
b. it is the seat of naughtiness 1Sam 17:28 (?), erring Ps 95:10 is forward Ps 101:4.
c. seat of pride, Ps 101:5; Isa 9:8; Isa 10:12; Isa 60:5 (?) Ezek 28:5; Ezek 28:6 (?) Dan 8:25 ׳רָם ל heart is lifted up Deut 8:14; Deut 17:20; Ezek 31:10; Dan 11:12.
d. is circumcised Deut 10:16; Deut 30:6; Jer 4:4, or uncircumcised Lev 26:41 (H); is hardened ׳אמּץ ל Deut 2:30; Deut 15:7; 2Chr 36:13 ׳כבּד ל 1Sam 6:6 (?); ׳הקשׁה ל Ps 95:8.

7. = the man himself (meaning characteristic of נֶפֶשׁ) ׳אמר בל say in the heart (to oneself) Deut 7:17; Deut 8:17; Deut 9:4; Deut 18:21; Ps 4:5; Isa 14:3; Isa 47:8; Isa 49:21; Jer 5:24; Jer 13:22; Zeph 1:12; Zeph 2:15 ללבב Hos 7:2 (?); ׳דבר בל Ps 15:2 ׳ברכו בל Job 1:5 ׳התברך בל Deut 29:18 יְחִי לְבַבְכֶם let your heart (you yourselves) live Ps 22:27; Ps 69:33 (compare Ps 119:175).

8. specifically as the seat of the appetites (for which usually נֶפֶשׁ) ׳סעד ל stay the heart (with food) Ps 104:15; Judg 19:8 (?); יִיטַב לְבָבֶ֑ךָ that thine heart may be merry (with wine) Judg 19:9 (?); יַיִן ׳יְשַׂמַּח ל wine gladdens the heart Ps 104:15.

9. specifically of seat of the emotions and passions (for which usually נפשׁ):
a. of joy Isa 30:29; Jer 15:16; Ezek 36:5, gladness Deut 28:47, desire Prov 6:25 (?); דבּר ׳על ל speak into the heart (comfortably) 2Chr 32:6 (elsewhere לֵב).
b. of trouble 1Kgs 8:38; Ps 25:17; Ps 73:21 weakness, faintness Lev 26:36 (H) Deut 20:3; Deut 20:18; 2Chr 13:7; Isa 1:5; Isa 7:4; Jer 51:46, grief Deut 15:10; 1Sam 1:8 sorrow Ps 13:3, fear Deut 28:67, dismay Isa 21:4, astonishment Deut 28:28, anger Deut 19:6, hate Lev 19:16 (H); ׳ימּס ל the heart melteth Deut 20:8; Josh 2:11; Josh 5:1; Josh 7:5 (all D) Isa 13:7; Isa 19:1 ׳המס ל Deut 1:28 (so read probably also Josh 14:8, where לֵב error).

10. seat of courage (for which usually רוּחַ), יָעֵר כֹּחוֺ וּלְבָבוֺ stir up his power and his courage Dan 11:25 יַאֲמֵץ לְבַבְכֶם let your heart take courage Ps 31:25.