Deuteronomy 32:15

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ן יְשֻׁרוּן֙ וַיִּבְעָ֔ט שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ עָבִ֣יתָ כָּשִׂ֑יתָ וַיִּטֹּשׁ֙ אֱל֣וֹהַ עָשָׂ֔הוּ וַיְנַבֵּ֖ל צ֥וּר יְשֻֽׁעָתֽוֹ
But Jeshurun waxed fat, and kicked: thou art waxen fat, thou art grown thick, thou art covered with fatness; then he forsook God which made him, and lightly esteemed the Rock of his salvation.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

וַ יִּשְׁמַ֤ן
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יִּשְׁמַ֤ן
Root word fat
Dictionary form: שָׁמַן · shaw-MAHN

וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: waxed fat
and became fat ×1 fat ×1 they are waxen fat ×1 thou art waxen fat ×1 waxed fat ×1
More options
grow fat — Captures the verb's dynamic, becoming-fat sense.
fatten — Transitive nuance; good when an agent causes fatness.
become fat — Neutral and literal; clear for general prose contexts.
become obese — Stronger register; use for moral-critique passages.
grow sleek — Conveys well-fed prosperity without bluntness.
grow prosperous — Idiomatic when physical fatness implies abundance.

BDB8807 H8080

BDB8806 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8808

I. [שָׁמֵן] verb grow fat (Late Hebrew Hiph`il id., also שֶׁמֶן Arabic be fat; Aramaic especially derived species and derivatives; שְׁמֵין adjective fat: Assyrian šammu, fat; Phoenician (Punic) שמן oil, so Palmyrene שמנא Lzb378; on relation of meanings Frä147); —

Qal Perfect 2 masculine singular שָׁמַ֫נְתָּ Deut 32:15 and Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיִשְׁמַן vDeut 32:15 both of Israel (prosperous and arrogant) under figure of fat beast; so Perfect 3 plural שָֽׁמְנוּ Jer 5:28 (of wicked). Hiph`il Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיַשְׁמִינוּ Neh 9:25 were sated and shewed fatness (inner causative); Imperative masculine singular הַשְׁמֵן Isa 6:10 make fat (dull, unreceptive), לֵב הָיָם הַוֶּה.

fat
šāman
to shine, i.e., (by analogy) be (causatively, make) oily or gross
  • to be or become fat, grow fat
    • (Qal) fat (subst)
      • "(Hiphil) to make fat, show fatness

יְשֻׁרוּן֙
יְשֻׁרוּן֙
Root word a name — transliterate it ("But jeshurun")
Dictionary form: יְשֻׁרוּן · yeh-shoo-ROON

Noun — Proper Name

In the KJV here: but jeshurun
and thou jesurun ×1 but jeshurun ×1 in jeshurun ×1 of jeshurun ×1
More options
Jeshurun — Standard scholarly and modern Bible translation spelling.
Upright One — Translates the meaning; highlights honor and moral integrity.
the Righteous One — Emphasizes covenantal righteousness; good for interpretive translations.
the Beloved — Reflects affectionate, poetic tone of the epithet for Israel.
Israel — Substitute when audience needs clarity; the referent of the title.

BDB3829 H3484

BDB3828 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3830

יְשֻׁרוּן proper name, masculine (upright one) Deut 32:15; Deut 33:5; Deut 33:26; Isa 44:2 poetic name of Israel, designating it under its ideal character,ᵐ5 ὁ ἠγαπημένος, Aq Symm Theod εὐθύς, ᵑ9 rectissimus, dilectus; Thes Ew§ 167 a LagBN 33 regard it as diminutive from יָשׁוּר = good little people; but no evidence that וּן- has a diminutive force, and most recent scholars De Di Dr MV Ges«GKC:86»§ 86 (2). 4 take as denominative = Rechtvolk; BacherZAW v, 1885, 161 ff. and Che rightly compare סֵפֶר הַיָּשָׁר (see יָשָׁר 3 e).

jeshurun, jesurun
yĕšurûn
upright one
Jeshurun, a symbolic name for Israel
  • a symbolic name for Israel describing her ideal character

וַ יִּבְעָ֔ט
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יִּבְעָ֔ט
Root word kick, kicked
Dictionary form: בָּעַט · baw-AT

וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: and kicked
and kicked ×1 kick ×1
More options
kick — Direct, everyday equivalent; best default choice.
lash out — Captures defiant or violent motion; good for figurative use.
trample — Emphasizes contemptuous rejection underfoot.
spurn — Highlights deliberate rejection; suits figurative contexts.

BDB1210 H1163

BDB1209 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1211

[בָּעַט] verb kick (so Late Hebrew, Aramaic בְּעַט, ) —

Qal Imperfect וַיִּבְעַט Deut 32:15 2 masculine plural תִּבְעֲטוּ 1Sam 2:29 — kick (only figurative of refractory Israel) Deut 32:15 (absolute); kick at (with בְּ) 1Sam 2:29.

בְּעִי Job 30:24 see עִי.

kick, kicked
bāʿaṭ
to trample down, i.e., (figuratively) despise
  • to kick, kick at
    • (Qal)
      • to kick
        • "to kick at"to desire (figuratively)

שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ
שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ
Root word fat
Dictionary form: שָׁמַן · shaw-MAHN

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: thou art waxen fat
and became fat ×1 fat ×1 they are waxen fat ×1 thou art waxen fat ×1 waxed fat ×1
More options
grow fat — Captures the verb's dynamic, becoming-fat sense.
fatten — Transitive nuance; good when an agent causes fatness.
become fat — Neutral and literal; clear for general prose contexts.
become obese — Stronger register; use for moral-critique passages.
grow sleek — Conveys well-fed prosperity without bluntness.
grow prosperous — Idiomatic when physical fatness implies abundance.

BDB8807 H8080

BDB8806 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8808

I. [שָׁמֵן] verb grow fat (Late Hebrew Hiph`il id., also שֶׁמֶן Arabic be fat; Aramaic especially derived species and derivatives; שְׁמֵין adjective fat: Assyrian šammu, fat; Phoenician (Punic) שמן oil, so Palmyrene שמנא Lzb378; on relation of meanings Frä147); —

Qal Perfect 2 masculine singular שָׁמַ֫נְתָּ Deut 32:15 and Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיִשְׁמַן vDeut 32:15 both of Israel (prosperous and arrogant) under figure of fat beast; so Perfect 3 plural שָֽׁמְנוּ Jer 5:28 (of wicked). Hiph`il Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיַשְׁמִינוּ Neh 9:25 were sated and shewed fatness (inner causative); Imperative masculine singular הַשְׁמֵן Isa 6:10 make fat (dull, unreceptive), לֵב הָיָם הַוֶּה.

fat
šāman
to shine, i.e., (by analogy) be (causatively, make) oily or gross
  • to be or become fat, grow fat
    • (Qal) fat (subst)
      • "(Hiphil) to make fat, show fatness

עָבִ֣יתָ
עָבִ֣יתָ
Root word thicker, thick
Dictionary form: עָבָה · aw-BAW

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: thou art grown thick
finger shall be thicker ×2 thou art grown thick ×1
More options
thick — Straightforward adjective; most broadly applicable.
dense — Emphasizes compactness or closeness of material.
massive — Highlights imposing bulk or heaviness in context.
stout — Suggests sturdy, solid thickness; good for objects.
heavy — Conveys weight alongside physical thickness.

BDB5752 H5666

BDB5751 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5753

עָבָה verb be thick, fat, gross (Late Hebrew Pi`el עִבָּה make thick, and derivatives; Syriac swell up, passive participle swollen, thick, dense, stupid, and many derivatives; Arabic be dense, stupid, dense foliage; Ethiopic be great Di985); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular מִמָּתְנֵי אָבִי ׳קָֽטֳנִּי ע 1Kgs 12:10 my little finger is thicker (stouter) than, etc., = 2Chr 10:10 be thick, gross, of rebell. Israel under figure of highly fed beast, 2 masculine singular שָׁמַנְתָּ עָבִיתָ כָּשִׂיתָ Deut 32:15.

BDB5777 H5666

BDB5776 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5778

II. [עָבוּר] noun only in בַּעֲבוּר47, בַּעֲבֻר (Gen 27:10; Gen 27:31), preposition and conjunction for the sake of on account of, in order that (perhaps originally for the produce or gain of), suffix בַּעֲבוּרִי 1Sam 23:10, etc.; —

1. as preposition:
  a. Gen 3:17 ארורה האדמה בעבורך for thy sake, Gen 8:21 בעבור האדם for man's sake, Gen 12:13 לְמַעַן יִיטַבלִֿי בַּעֲבוּרֵךְ, vGen 12:16; Gen 18:26; Gen 18:29; Gen 26:24, Exod 9:16 זֹאת ׳ב Exod 13:8 זה ׳ב 1Sam 12:22; 2Sam 5:12; 2Sam 6:12; 2Sam 7:21; 2Sam 9:1; 2Sam 9:7; Amos 2:6; Amos 8:6 נַעֲלָ֑יִם ׳ואביון ב, Mic 2:10 טָמְאָה ׳ב on account of uncleanness, Ps 106:32; Ps 132:10, etc.; 2Sam 12:21 הַיֶּלֶד חַי ׳ב because of the child, (being) alive (= while he was alive), Jer 14:4
**< read וְעֹבְדֵי הָאֲדָמָה חַתּוּ Duhm, compare ᵐ5. הָאֲדָמָה ׳ב חַ֫תָּה on account of the ground, (which) is dismayed, Job 20:2 וּבַעֲבוּר חוּשִׁי בִּי read זֹאת ׳וב, or וּבַעֲבוּרָהּ.
  b. followed by infinitive (compare לְמַעַן), in order to, Exod 9:16 הַרְאֹתְךָ אֶתכֹּֿחִי ׳ב, 1Sam 1:6; 2Sam 10:3 הֲּקֹר ׳ב אתהֿעיר, 2Sam 18:18: so לְבַעֲבוּר Exod 20:20; 2Sam 14:20; 2Sam 17:14 בעבור לְ 1Chr 19:3 (|| 2Sam 10:3, no לְ).
2. as conjunction Gen 27:10 אֲשֶׁר יְבָרֶכְךָ ׳ב; without אשׁר, Gen 21:30 לְעֵדָה ׳תִּהְיֶה לִ ׳ב in order that it may be a witness for me, Gen 27:4 תְּבָרֶכְךָ נפשׁי ׳ב, vGen 27:19 vGen 27:31; Gen 46:34; Exod 9:14; Exod 19:9; Exod 20:20; Ps 105:45.

BDB5781 H5666

BDB5780 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5782

[עָבַת] verb Pi`el wind, weave (compare derivatives); — Imperfect 3 masculine plural suffix וַיְעַבְּתוּהָ Mic 7:3 and (so) they wind it (or weave it; i.e. mischief); so Hi Che GASm, but dubious; Ew reads עָבַט = twist, prevert (compare Joel 2:7, but see עבט), We וַיְעַוְּתוּהָ = id., compare Now (?), Dr.

thicker, thick
ʿābâ
to be dense
  • to be thick, be fat, be gross
    • (Qal) to be fat, be thick, be gross

כָּשִׂ֑יתָ
כָּשִׂ֑יתָ
Root word covered
Dictionary form: כָּשָׂה · kaw-SAW

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), second person masculine singular simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "you"

In the KJV here: thou art covered
thou art covered ×1
More options
cover — Broadest, most natural modern English choice.
clothe — Suits contexts of garment or bodily covering.
envelop — Emphasizes complete or surrounding coverage.
overspread — Useful when covering spreads across a surface.

BDB4223 H3780

BDB4222 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4224

[כָּשָׂה] verb be sated, gorged with food (compare Arabic be filled with food; Assyrian kissatum, sustenance, provender, food, ZephnpfBAS i. 503); — only Qal Perfect 2 masculine singular שָׁמַנְתָּ עָבִיתָ כָּשִׂיתָ Deut 32:15 thou grewest fat, becamest thick, wast gorged ! figurative of Israel as fat beast (compare Dr).

כֻּשִׁיִּים כֻּשִׁית see כּוּשִׁי.

covered
kāśâ
to grow fat (i.e., be covered with flesh)
  • (Qal) to become sated, be gorged with food

וַ יִּטֹּשׁ֙
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יִּטֹּשׁ֙
Root word left, forsake, forsaken, leave, spread, …
Dictionary form: נָטַשׁ · naw-TAHSH

וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: with fatness then he forsook
and spread themselves ×3 and forsake ×2 and forsaken ×1 and have left ×1 and have left him ×1 and i will forsake ×1 and i will leave ×1 and left ×1
More options
abandon — Best for emotional or willful desertion of persons or places.
forsake — Modernized KJV core; still natural in solemn or covenantal contexts.
leave behind — Neutral; good for objects, lands, or people left without drama.
spread out — Use when the physical sense of spreading/extending is in view.
desert — Strong register; implies betrayal or dereliction of duty.
let go — Good for loosening, releasing, or allowing to fall/lie idle.

BDB5176 H5203

BDB5175 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB5177

נָטַשׁ verb leave, forsake, permit (ᵑ7 forsake; draw off skin of dead animal; Arabic = abstinens ab impuro according to †am (Frey)); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳נ 1Sam 10:2, suffix 1 plural נְטָשָׁ֫נוּ Judg 6:13 2 masculine singular נָטַשְׁתָּ 1Sam 17:28, נָטַשְׁתָּה Isa 2:6, suffix נְטַשְׁתַּ֫נִי Gen 31:28, וּנְטַשְׁתָּהּ consecutive Exod 23:11, etc.; Imperfect יִטּשׁ 1Sam 12:22; Ps 94:14, יִטּוֺשׁ Hos 12:15, suffix 1 plural יִטְּשֵׁנוּ 1Kgs 8:57 1 plural נִטּשׁ Neh 10:32, etc.; Imperative נְטוֺשׁ Prov 17:14 Passive participle feminine נְטוּשָׁה Isa 21:15 masculine plural נְטֻשִׁים 1Sam 30:16 —
1. leave, let alone Exod 23:11 (E; = let field lie fallow, || שָׁמַט), compare וְנִטּשׁ אֶתהַֿשָּׁנָה הַשְּׁכִיעִיתּ וּמַשָּׁא כָליָֿ֑ד Neh 10:32 (i.e. leave field fallow and debts unclaimed); object quails, let them lie, (עַל location) Num 11:31 (JE), of Amalekites נְטֻשִׁים עַלפְּֿנֵי פָלהָֿאָרֶץ 1Sam 30:16 left to themselves over all the land; וְדָמָיו עָלָיו יִטּוֺשׁ Hos 12:15 and his mortal guilt shall he leave upon him; leave in charge of, entrust to (עַל person): sheep 1Sam 17:20; 1Sam 17:28 baggage v1Sam 17:22.
2. usually forsake, abandon, דִּבְרֵי הָאֲחֹנוֺת ׳נ 1Sam 10:2 thy father hath abandoned the matter of the asses (ceased to be concerned about them); הָרִיב נְטוֺשׁ Prov 17:14 abandon contention; often subject ׳י with accusative of person Judg 6:13; Isa 2:6; 1Sam 12:22; 1Kgs 8:57 (|| עָזַב) 2Kgs 21:14; Jer 7:29; Jer 12:7 (|| עָזַב), Jer 23:33; Jer 23:39; Ps 27:9 (|| עָזַב), Ps 94:14 (|| id.); of ׳י leaving Phar. forsaken (on ground, compare Niph`al 1) Ezek 29:5 (+ ה locative), Ezek 32:4 (+ ב location); abandoning the sanctuary at Shiloh Ps 78:60 of men forsaking God Deut 32:15 (poem), Jer 15:6 compare אַלחִֿטּשׁ תּוֺרַת אִמֶּ֑ךָ Prov 1:8; Prov 6:20 of men abandoning king (under figure of cedar) Ezek 31:12 (twice in verse).
3. permit, only וְלֹא נְטַשְׁתַּנִי לְנַשֵּׁק ׳לְבָנַי וגו Gen 31:28 (E) and hast not permitted me to kiss my sons, etc. — For וַתִּטּשׁ הַמִּלְחָמָה 1Sam 4:2 read probably וַתֵּט (ᵐ5 ἔκλινεν) Dr Klo Bu, or < (קשׁה) וַתִּקֶשׁ grew fierce HPS (Löhr proposes תִּנָּטֵשׁ compare Judg 15:9 etc.). For חֶרֶב נְטוּטָה Isa 21:15 (|| קֶשֶׁת דְּרוּכָה) read perhaps לְטוּשָׁה ׳ח. Niph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular נִטְּשָׁה Amos 5:2 3 plural נִטְּשׁוּ Isa 16:8; Isa 33:23 Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיִּנָָּֽטְשׁוּ Judg 15:9 + 2 t.; —
1. be forsaken, Amos 5:2 she (Israel) lieth forsaken (עַל location).
2. be loosened or loose (properly be let alone, left to hang down) of ship's tackle Isa 33:23.
3. be let go, spread abroad, of warriors, Judg 15:19; 2Sam 5:18; 2Sam 5:22 (all with ב location, for purpose of plunder); of tendrils of vine Isa 16:8 (figurative of Moab). Pu`al Perfect only אַדְמוֺן נֻטָּ֑שׁ Isa 32:14 palaces are abandoned, deserted (|| הֲמוֺן עִיר עֻזָּ֑ב).

left, forsake, forsaken, leave, spread, …
nāṭaš
properly, to pound, i.e., smite; by implication (as if beating out, and thus expanding) to disperse; also, to thrust off, down, out or upon (inclusively, reject, let alone, permit, remit, etc.)
  • to leave, permit, forsake, cast off or away, reject, suffer, join, spread out or abroad, be loosed, cease, abandon, quit, hang loose, cast down, make a raid, lie fallow, let fall, forgo, draw
    • (Qal)
      • to leave, let alone, lie fallow, entrust to
        • "to forsake, abandon"to permit
      (Niphal)
      • to be forsaken
        • "to be loosened, be loose"to be let go, spread abroad
      (Pual) to be abandoned, be deserted

אֱל֣וֹהַ
אֱל֣וֹהַ
Root word god, gods
Dictionary form: אֱלוֹהַּ · eh-LOH-ah

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: god
god ×29 of god ×9 when god ×2 a god ×1 and a god ×1 and that god ×1 art a god ×1 if god ×1
More options
God — Capitalized when referring to the one God of Israel.
god — Lowercase for a deity in a polytheistic context.
deity — Neutral, formal term; good for theological prose.
divine being — Emphasizes nature rather than identity; use in descriptive contexts.
the Almighty — Captures majesty; suited to poetic or hymnic passages.

BDB429 H433

BDB428 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB430

אֱלֹהַּ57 so Deut 32:17 לֶאֱלֹהַּ Dan 11:38 (see BD) suffix לֵאלֹהוֺ Hab 1:11 elsewhere אֱלוֺהַּ noun masculine god, God. (Samaritan id., Aramaic אֱלָהּ, , Arabic , Sabean אלה DHMl.c.; — אֱלֹהַּ as found in Hebrew probably a singular formed by inference from plural אֱלֹהִים: compare Nesl.c.) —

1. a heathen god, late usage; כָּלאֱֿלוֺהַּ 2Chr 32:15; Dan 11:37 זוּ כחו לאלהו whose power is his god Hab 1:11; 2Kgs 17:31 (but Qr אֱלֹהֵי), אשר הביא אֱלוֺהַּ בְּיָדוֺ who doth bring God in his hand Job 12:6 (Ew Di RVm, etc.)
2. God, used in ancient poems Deut 32:15; Deut 32:17; Ps 18:32, and on their basis an archaism in later poetry Job 3:4 + (41 t. Job), Ps 50:22; Ps 114:7; Ps 139:19; Prov 30:5; Isa 44:8; Hab 3:3; Neh 9:17 (citing Exod 34:6 where אֵל is used).

BDB9300 H426 H433

BDB9299 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9301

אֱלָהּ94 noun masculine god, God (= Biblical Hebrew אֱלֹהַּ (p. 43), see also √ I. אלה); — ׳א absolute Dan 2:28 +, construct vDan 2:18 +; emphatic אֱלָהָא vDan 2:20 +; suffix אֱלָהִי Dan 6:23, הָךְ- Ezra 9:14 +, הֵהּ- Dan 6:6 +, הֲהֹם- Ezra 5:5; Ezra 7:16, הֲהוֺן- Dan 3:28 (twice in verse); Dan 3:29, הֲכֹם- Ezra 7:17, etc.; plural absolute אֱלָהִין Dan 2:11 +, emphatic הַיָּא- Jer 10:11, construct הֵי- Dan 5:4; Dan 5:23, suffix הַי- Dan 3:14, etc. [with prefix לֵאלָהָא Dan 5:23, לֵאלָהָיךְ Dan 3:14, etc.; but not in singular absolute or construct, e.g. לֶאֱלָהּ Ezra 5:12, etc.]; —

1. god, in general Dan 6:8; Dan 6:13 heathen deities Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11; Dan 3:15+ 15 t. Daniel (made of gold, etc. Dan 5:4; Dan 5:23) + בַּראֱֿלָהִין Dan 3:25.(see בַּר).
2.73 God (of Israel), Dan 2:28; Ezra 5:2 +; phrase ׳אֱלָהּ יִשׂ Ezra 5:1; Ezra 6:14; Ezra 7:15 יְרוּשְׁלֵם ׳א Ezra 7:19 אֲבָהָתַי ׳א Dan 2:23 שְׁמַיָּא Ezra 5:11 (+ וְאַרְעָא), vEzra 5:12; Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:10; Dan 2:18; Dan 2:19 + 6 t. (see שָׁמַיִם 2 a); רַב ׳א Dan 2:45 אֱלָהִין ׳א vDan 2:47 אֱלָהָא עִלָּיָא Dan 3:26; Dan 3:32; Dan 5:18; Dan 5:21 חַיָּא ׳א Dan 6:21; Dan 6:27 also בֵּית אֱלָהָא Dan 5:3; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:2 + 16 t. Ezra; ׳עֲבִידַת א Ezra 6:18.

god, gods
ʾĕlôah
a deity or the Deity
  • God
    • "false god

עָשָׂ ֔הוּ
עָשָׂ
Root word do, made, done, did, make, …
֔הוּ
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it
Dictionary form: עָשָׂה · aw-SAW

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: which made
did ×123 do ×108 made ×86 to do ×85 and do ×61 he did ×59 and he made ×54 and thou shalt make ×45
More options
do — Broadest default; fits commands, descriptions, and narrative.
make — Prefer when the result is a crafted or constructed object.
perform — Good for rituals, duties, vows, or formal acts.
carry out — Emphasizes completing a directive or plan.
execute — Suits legal, judicial, or administrative actions.
accomplish — Highlights successful completion of a goal.

BDB6428 H6213

BDB6427 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6429

I. עָשָׂה2622 verb do, make (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; MI23, 26 עשתי, l.3; l.9 ואעש, l.24 Imperative עשו; Old Hebrew proper name עשיו, אלעשה, מעשיהו; not Aramaic, and not certainly found in South Semitic languages; on Sabean see especially DHMSB Berl. Akkadian 1886, 849); —

Qal2524 Perfect 3 masculine singular Gen 3:1 +, suffix עָשָׂהוּ Hos 8:6 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽשְׂתָה Deut 22:21 +, וְעָשָׂת consecutive Lev 25:21 2 masculine singular עָשִׂיתָ Gen 3:14 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲשֶׂה Gen 18:25 +, וַיַּעֲשֶׂה 1Kgs 16:25 + 3 t., וַיַּעַשׂ Isa 5:2 +; יַעֲשֵׂה Isa 64:3, 2 masculine singular תַּעֲשֶׂה 1Sam 10:8, תַּעֲשֵׂה Gen 26:29; Josh 7:9, jussive (with אַל) תַּעַשׂ Gen 22:12 +, תַּעֲשֵׂה 2Sam 13:12; Jer 40:16 Qr (Kt תַּעַשׂ); 1 singular אֶעֱשֶׂה Gen 2:18 +, וָאֶעֱשֶׂה Ezek 20:14; Dan 8:27, וָאַעַשׂ Deut 10:3 + 4 t. Ezekiel; etc.; Imperative masculine singular עֲשֵׂה Judg 10:15 +; feminine singular עֲשִׂי Jer 6:26 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָשׂה Jer 44:17 +; עָשׂוֺ Jer 7:5 + 2 t. (Jer 4:18 van d. H. עָשׂוּ); construct עֲשׂוֺת Gen 2:4 +, עֲשׂה Gen 50:20 + 2 t., עֲשׂוֺ Gen 31:28, suffix עֲשׂתוֺ Gen 41:32 +, עֲשׂהוּ Exod 18:18, etc.; Participle active עשֶֹׁה Isa 5:5 +, suffix הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 (but see below); plural עשִֹׁים Gen 24:49 +; suffix עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10 (yet see Ges«GKC:124k»§ 124k), etc.; passive עָשׂוּי Exod 3:16 +, הֶעָשׂוּ Job 41:25 (Ges«GKC:75k»§ 75k); feminine עֲשׂוּיָה Ezek 21:20 +, etc.; —
I. 1. do (1560 + t.):
  a. (1) with accusative active Gen 3:14 (J) Gen 20:10 (E) + often; do right in eyes of ׳י 2Kgs 12:3; 2Kgs 14:13 +, evil 2Kgs 8:18; 2Kgs 8:27 + (compare I. עַיִן 3 c); do God's commands, statutes, etc., Deut 16:12; Deut 30:8; Num 15:39 (P); חַיִל ׳ע 1Sam 14:48 + do might, i.e. mightily, valiantly; Prov 31:39 do efficiency, i.e. efficiently; = commit (offence) Lev 20:13 (H), Deut 20:18 followed by מִן particle, וְעָשָׂה מֵאַחַת מֵהֵנָּה Lev 4:2 and shall do a single one of them (things prohibited; see מִן 3 b
   (d)), compare ׳וְעָשׂוּ אַחַת מִכָּלמִֿצְוֺת י vLev 4:13 vLev 4:22; Lev 5:17 (all P); do = perform a work, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַעֲשֶׂה Exod 18:20; Exod 23:12 (E), also (׳י subject) Deut 11:7; Dan 9:14; Eccl 3:11 with accusative מְלָאכָה Gen 2:2 (twice in verse) (J), Exod 20:9; Exod 20:10 = Deut 9:13 (10 Words); with accusative דְּרָכֶיךָ Isa 58:13 מְלוּכָה עַל ׳ע 1Kgs 21:7 = exercise sovereignty over; of ׳י performing signs (אֹתֹת) Josh 24:17 (E), Num 14:11; Num 14:22 (JE), Deut 11:3, so Moses Exod 4:17 and (מֹפְתִים) vExod 4:21. (2) do something to one (ל person) Gen 20:9 (E), Judg 9:56 +; with עַל reflexive Jer 26:19 do evil against ourselves; especially ׳י subject, with לְ, do good to Exod 18:9 (E), 2Kgs 8:66, or evil Gen 42:28 (E); in phrase so may God do to me, etc. 1Sam 3:17; 2Kgs 6:31 + (see יסף
Hiph`il 1.). (3) do something for one (ל person) Gen 30:31; 1Kgs 11:8 +, direct object omitted 1Sam 20:4 + ל of thing Judg 21:7; Judg 21:16 what shall we do for them, for wives ? with עַל person Neh 5:19 with dativus ethicus [dative of interest] (ל) 1Sam 10:7 with לְ, of ׳י doing kindness for 1Sam 22:3 executing vengeance for Judg 11:36 (+ מִן of enemy); ׳י doing a sign (אוֺת) for Judg 6:17 (elsewhere נָתַן אוֺת לְ), compare עֲשֵׂהעִֿמִּי אוֺת לְטוֺבָה Ps 86:17. (4) do something (in relation or intercourse) wilth (אֵת person), ׳י subject Deut 1:30 all that he did with you, Deut 10:21 (compare Ps 86:17 above), human subject 2Chr 24:24 (object שְׁפָטִים), Ruth 2:11. (5) seldom with ב, usually of executing judgment upon 1Sam 28:18; Isa 48:14, more generally Esth 1:15 what shall we do with the queen ? also, subject ׳י, Ezek 25:11; Ezek 28:26; Ps 149:7; Ps 149:9; Num 33:4 (on false gods); in good sense, ׳חֲסָדִים בּ ׳ע Neh 13:14. (6) of ׳י doing the justice (מִשְׁפַּט) of any one, i.e. maintaining his cause 1Kgs 8:45; 1Kgs 8:49; Ps 9:5. (7) with adverb do thus, כֹּה, Josh 6:14 (JE), according to, כְּ Gen 6:22 (P), Gen 18:21 (J), 1Kgs 2:6 accusative as, כַּאֲשֶׁר Gen 27:19 (J); Exod 1:17 (E) +; with בְּ of manner, Judg 9:16a, Ezek 8:18; Ezek 25:15.
  b. work for (ל of thing) Gen 30:30 (J); with ל person 1Sam 14:6; Ezek 29:20 (for ׳י); work in (ב) gold or other material 1Kgs 7:14; 2Chr 2:6; 2Chr 2:13; Exod 31:4; Exod 31:5; Exod 35:32 (all P); with בָּהּ (i.e. בָּעֲבֹדָה) Exod 5:9 (J) in toil; work with (עִם) God 1Sam 14:45, so probably of God's working with (אֵת) Moses and Aaron 1Sam 12:6 (usually appoint); with אֵת with (of person in whose company, in whose field Ruth 2:19 (twice in verse) (gleaning); work בְּחֵפֶץ כַּפֶּיהָ Prov 31:13 without preposition Exod 36:1; Neh 3:28.
2. deal with, with עִם, 2Chr 2:2; Dan 1:13 (כַּאֲשֶׁר accusative as); with אֵת, Ezek 20:44; Ps 109:21; Ezek 22:14; Zeph 3:19 (perhaps; Gr Now insert כָּלָה, see II 1 g), + כְּ Jer 21:2, + בְּ of manner Ezek 23:25; Ezek 23:29 with לְ person + בְּ Ezek 25:12 with בְּ person, Jer 18:23; Dan 11:7, + כְּ according to Neh 9:24; Esth 3:11.
3. often in phrase, do kindness (חֶסֶד) with: with (עִמָּדִ) עִם Gen 19:19; Gen 24:12; Gen 12:14 (J), Judg 1:24; Judg 8:35; 1Sam 15:6; 2Sam 2:5; 2Sam 10:2 = 1Chr 19:2 +; with עַל, 1Sam 20:8 (but read עִם Vrss We Dr and others); absolute, Ps 109:16 object חֶסֶד + אֱמֶת, with עִם, Josh 2:14 (JE) Judg 9:19; 2Sam 2:6 with אֵת with, Gen 24:49; Gen 32:11; Gen 47:29 (all J); with לְ, Exod 20:6 = Deut 5:10; 2Sam 22:51 = Ps 18:51 so טוֺב ׳ע, with עִם, Gen 26:29 (J), compare Judg 8:35; Judg 9:16 with אֵת with, 1Sam 24:19; 2Sam 2:6.
4. absolute act, act with effect, especially of ׳י, 1Kgs 8:32; 1Kgs 8:39; Jer 14:7; Ezek 20:9; Ezek 20:14; Ezek 20:22; Ps 22:32; Ps 37:5; Ps 52:11; Dan 9:19 of men 2Chr 31:21; Dan 8:12; Dan 8:24; Dan 11:28; Dan 11:30; Dan 11:32 with ל of person Ezek 31:11.
II. 1. make (670 + t.):
  a. with object concrete, ark Gen 8:6, altar Gen 13:4, idols Judg 18:24; Judg 18:31 +, etc.
  b. often of God's making (creating) Gen 3:1 (J), Gen 1:7; Gen 1:16; Gen 1:25 (P), Neh 9:6; Job 9:9; Prov 8:26; 2Chr 2:11; Ps 95:5 +; making man Ps 100:3; Ps 119:73 (made by God's hands), in the womb Job 31:15 (twice in verse); making, constituting, nation Deut 26:19; Deut 32:6; Deut 32:15 participle suffix עשֵֹׁהוּ his Maker Isa 17:7; Prov 14:31; Prov 17:5 (הָעשֹׁוֺ Job 40:19 is improbable, most read הֶעָשָׂוּי, with various interpretation of following words); עשֶֹׁךָ Isa 51:13, עשֵֹׁנִי Job 32:23 (Ginsb; vJob 32:22 van d. H. Baer), עשֵֹׁנוּ Ps 95:6 so apparently plural participle עשָֹׁ֑י Job 35:10, עשַֹׁיִךְ Isa 54:5 (Ges«GKC:124k»§ 124k explanation as sg.).
  c. make something, with לְ reflexive, make for thee Exod 20:4; Deut 9:12; Deut 10:1 +, for (ל) another 1Sam 2:19; 2Sam 7:11; 1Kgs 2:24 +; object מִשְׁתֶּה banquet Gen 40:20; Esth 5:4, also (no ל) Gen 29:22 (E) Judg 14:10; Esth 5:5; Esth 5:12 and (figurative, ׳י subject) Isa 25:6 with ל of thing, Deut 22:8 with ל of animal Gen 33:17 (J).
  d. make a name (שֵׁם) for oneself (ל) 2Sam 7:9; 1Chr 17:8, also (no ל) 2Sam 8:13 a new heart for oneself (ל) Ezek 18:31.
  e. make war with (אֶת) Gen 14:2; Josh 11:18 (D); with עִם, Deut 20:12; Deut 20:20; 1Chr 5:10; 1Chr 5:19 absolute 1Chr 22:8 with ל reflexive Prov 24:6 participle עשֵֹׁה מִלְחָמָה 2Chr 11:1; 2Chr 26:11; 2Chr 26:13 make peace, with ל person Josh 9:15 (J); אִתִּי בְרָכָה ׳ע 2Kgs 18:31 make an agreement with me. feminine with ב, ׳פֶּרֶץ בּ ׳ע Judg 21:15 ׳י brought a catastrophe upon (compare פרץ).
  g. with 2 accusative, make something out of (accusative mater.) Exod 25:18; Exod 28:13; Exod 37:17; Exod 37:24; Song 3:10; Deut 10:3 +; make something into something (Ges«GKC:117ii»§ 117ii) Hos 8:4; Gen 27:9; Judg 17:4; Num 11:8; Num 17:3; Ps 104:4 make something כָּלָה, i. e. utterly destroy it Nah 1:8; Zeph 1:18; Ezek 20:17; Neh 9:31 c. passive participle as 2nd accusative Exod 38:7 they made it נְבוּב לֻחֹת hollow with boards, Exod 39:9 but also with accusative + לְ, Hos 2:10 gold they made into (ל) the Baal, Judg 8:27; Exod 27:3 (P), Deut 9:14; Jer 37:15; Ezek 4:9; Isa 44:17; Isa 44:19 make something for (ל person), + מִן of material Song 3:9.
2. produce, yield: of grain, yielding meal Hos 8:7 (twice in verse), vineyard, grapes Isa 5:2 (twice in verse); Isa 5:4 (twice in verse); Isa 5:10, tree, fruit 2Kgs 19:30 = Isa 37:31; Hos 9:16; Jer 12:2; Jer 17:8; Ezek 17:23 (all figurative), Gen 1:11; Gen 1:12 (P); branches Job 14:9 and (figurative) Ezek 17:8 land, fruit Lev 25:21 compare Hab 3:17, absolute Gen 41:47 of seed Isa 5:10, vine, shoots Ezek 17:6 (figurative); of cows, yielding milk Isa 7:22 hippop. producing fat Job 15:27.
3. prepare, especially of dressing and cooking food, Gen 18:7; Gen 18:8; Judg 6:19; Judg 13:5; 1Sam 25:18 (passive), 2Sam 12:4 (twice in verse); Gen 27:14; Gen 27:17; Gen 27:31; 2Sam 13:5; 2Sam 13:7; 1Kgs 17:12; Exod 12:39 (+ ל reflexive); a bullock for sacrifice (see below) 1Kgs 18:23; 1Kgs 18:25; 1Kgs 18:26 כְּלֵי גוֺלָה Ezek 12:3 (+ ל reflexive); a chamber Neh 13:7 prepare to build (+ ל person and infinitive).
4. make offering, e.g. עוֺלָה Judg 13:16; Jer 33:18; Lev 16:24, עוֺלָה וָזֶבַח 2Kgs 5:17 (+ ל of deity), הַחַטָּאת Lev 14:19, אִשֶּׁה Num 15:3; Num 15:14, various offerings 1Kgs 8:64; Lev 9:22; Ezek 45:17; Ezek 46:2 +; + ׳לי to ׳י Lev 17:9 +; also with accusative of thing sacrificed (perhaps originally prepare or provide, see above) Ezek 43:25 (twice in verse); Ezek 46:15; Lev 14:30; Lev 15:15; Lev 15:30; Lev 16:9; Num 6:11; Num 6:17; Ps 66:15 (+ ל of deity) +; absolute = offer sacrifice Exod 10:25 (E + ׳לי), to (ל) heathen gods 2Kgs 17:32.
5. attend to, put in order: pare (the nails) Deut 21:12 wash (feet) 2Sam 19:25 trim (beard) v.2Sam 19:25 (compare French faire la barbe, German die Haare machen).
6. observe, celebrate, religious festival, e.g. passover Exod 12:48; Num 9:4; Num 9:6; Num 9:13; Josh 5:10, also (+ ׳לי) Exod 12:48; Num 9:10; Num 9:14 (all P), Deut 16:1 +; sabbath Exod 31:16; Deut 5:15 feast of weeks Deut 16:10, booths Deut 16:13, Purim Esth 9:21; Esth 9:27, etc.
7. acquire property of various kinds (compare 'make money') Gen 12:5; Gen 31:5 (J), Isa 15:7; Jer 17:11; Jer 48:36; Deut 8:18; Ezek 22:18; Ezek 28:4 (twice in verse); Ezek 38:12; 2Chr 32:29; Eccl 2:8 + ל reflexive Deut 8:17; 2Sam 15:1; 1Kgs 1:5 of fruits from vineyards, etc. Ps 107:37.
8. appoint priests 1Kgs 12:31; 1Kgs 13:33; 2Chr 2:17 (all + מִן source), a feast 1Kgs 12:32; 1Kgs 12:33 (+ ל person); ordain a sacrifice Num 28:6, a festal day Ps 118:24 institute, אוֺב וְיִדְּעֹנִי ghost and familiar spirit 2Kgs 21:6 = 2Chr 33:6 (compare DrDeut 18:11).
9. bring about, of ׳י's effecting a deliverance Exod 14:13 (לָכֶם), 1Sam 11:13; 2Sam 23:10 (insert also || 1Chr 11:13 Dr), v1Chr 11:12 cause, followed by clause with שֶׁ Eccl 3:14.
10. use, לִמְלַאכְתּוֺ ׳וְע 1Sam 8:16 passive Exod 38:24.
11. spend, pass, days of life Eccl 6:12. Niph`al97 Perfect 3 masculine singular נַעֲשָׂה Judg 16:11 +; 3 feminine singular נֶעֶשְׂתָה 2Sam 17:23 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֵעָשֶׂה Gen 29:26 +, 3 feminine singular with ו subordinate וְתֵעָשׂ Esth 5:6; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 (Ges«GKC:109»§ 109 f.), etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָשׂוֺת Esth 9:1; Esth 9:14, etc., Participle נַעֲשֶׂה Neh 5:18, etc.; —
1. be done (passive of Qal I 1):
  a. subject מְלָאכָה Judg 16:11 (with ב instrumental), Neh 6:16 (with מֵאֵת אֱלֹהִים ), vNeh 6:9; Exod 12:16 + 4 t.; subject omitted Ezek 44:14, indefinite Esth 4:1 with כֵּן Esth 9:14 be done, כַּתּוֺרָה Ezra 10:3 be committed, of offence, Deut 13:15; Num 15:24; Eccl 4:1 + 3 t.; with negative not (yet) done, i.e. future Isa 46:10 be accomplished, performed, fulfilled Ezek 12:35; Ezek 12:38; Dan 11:36; Esth 5:5; Esth 7:2; Esth 9:12 be executed, carried out, of sentence Eccl 8:11, decree Esth 9:1 be followed, of counsel 2Sam 17:28 nearly = occur Eccl 1:9 (twice in verse); Eccl 1:13; Eccl 9:3; Eccl 9:6, subject מַעֲשֶׂה Eccl 1:14; Eccl 2:17; Eccl 4:3; Eccl 8:9; Eccl 8:17, subject הֶבֶל vEccl 8:14, עִנְיָן vEccl 8:15.
  b. Imperfect with negative, is (are) not done, not according to usage, of flagrant offences Gen 20:9 (E), Gen 29:26 (with כֵּן), Gen 34:7 (both J), 2Sam 13:12 (כֵּן); hence (P) not to be done, forbidden by ׳י Lev 4:2; Lev 4:13; Lev 4:22; Lev 4:27; Lev 5:17.
  c. be done to, with ל of animal 1Sam 11:7 (כֹּה); ל person Exod 2:4 (E) Exod 21:31 (E; כַּמִּשְׁפָּט), Isa 3:11; Jer 5:13 (כֹּה), Lev 24:19 (H; כֵּן), Num 15:34 (P) + 8 t.; be done for, ל person Judg 11:37; Esth 6:3, עִם person vEsth 6:3 ל of thing Num 15:11 (כָּכָה).
  d. be done upon, against (ב) Dan 9:12.
2. (passive of Qal II):
  a. be made, of conr. things 1Kgs 10:20 = 2Chr 9:19 (throne), Jer 3:16 (ark), 2Kgs 12:14; Ezek 43:18; Exod 25:31; Num 4:36 (P); with accusative mat; Lev 2:7.
  b. be produced from (מִן) vine Num 6:4.
  c. be prepared, of food Exod 12:16; Lev 6:14; Lev 7:9 (all P), Neh 5:18 (twice in verse).
  d. be offered, מִנְחָה Lev 2:8; Lev 2:11, kid Num 28:15; Num 28:24.
  e. be observed, passover 2Kgs 24:22; 2Kgs 24:23 (ל of deity) = 2Chr 35:18; 2Chr 35:19 Purim Esth 9:28. feminine be used + ל of thing Lev 7:24 (P); Lev 13:51 (P) Ezek 15:5 (twice in verse). Pu`al Perfect 1 singular עֻשֵּׂיתִי Ps 139:15 I was made.

BDB6436 H6213

BDB6435 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6437

II. [עָשָׂה] verb Pi`el press, squeeze (Late Hebrew עִשָּׂה Pi`el compel; ᵑ7 עַסִּי Pa`el crush, gnash (teeth); compare Arabic compress a woman); — Perfect 3 plural עִשּׂוּ דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלִים Ezek 23:3; Ezek 23:8 (unchaste act); Infinitive construct בַּעֲשׂוֺתדַּ֗֗֗דַּיִךְ vEzek 23:21 read Pi`el בְּעַשּׂוֺת (Ew Co Toy, and others).

do, made, done, did, make, …
ʿāśâ
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
  • to do, fashion, accomplish, make
    • (Qal)
      • to do, work, make, produce
        • to do
          • "to work"to deal (with)"to act, act with effect, effect
        to make
        • to make
          • "to produce"to prepare"to make (an offering)"to attend to, put in order"to observe, celebrate"to acquire (property)"to appoint, ordain, institute"to bring about"to use"to spend, pass
      (Niphal)
      • to be done
        • "to be made"to be produced"to be offered"to be observed"to be used
      (Pual) to be made
    (Piel) to press, squeeze

וַ יְנַבֵּ֖ל
וַ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
יְנַבֵּ֖ל
Root word away, fade, fadeth, fading, wither, …
Dictionary form: נָבֵל · naw-BALE

וַ
Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Piel, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person masculine singular intensive — "he really / thoroughly did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: him and lightly esteemed
fadeth ×3 and fadeth away ×2 shall fade away ×2 a fading ×1 and as a falling ×1 and wither ×1 cometh to nought ×1 disgrace ×1
More options
wither — Best for vegetation or organic decay imagery.
fade — Ideal for gradual loss of strength or glory.
waste away — Emphasizes slow, progressive decline of vitality.
decay — Suits physical or moral deterioration contexts.
act foolishly — Use when the sense is moral failure or disgrace.
disgrace — Best when the focus is on social or moral dishonor.

BDB4950 H5034

BDB4949 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4951

II. נָבַל verb be senseless, foolish (Late Hebrew נְבָלָה, נַבְלוּת of immodesty; Arabic = (per contra) be noble, distinguished, also be gracious (Frey); Aramaic נְבַל Pa`el reject, despise, see ᵑ7 Neh 3:6; Jer 14:21 in derivatives as Late Hebrew); —

Qal = be foolish Prov 30:32 is doubted by Frankenb Toy (where see various renderings), and others, who think text corrupt. Perfect 2 masculine singular נָבַלְתָּ Prov 30:32 if thou hast been foolish in lifting up thyself (opposed to זַמּוֺתָ). Pi`el Perfect 1 singular suffix consecutive וְנִבַּלְתִּיךְ Nah 3:6 Imperfect 3 masculine singular וַיְנַבֵּל Deut 32:15 2 masculine singular תְּנַבֵּל Jer 14:21 Participle מִנַבֵּל Mic 7:6 — regard or treat as a נָבָל (q. v.), i.e. with contumely, with accusative: בֵּן מְנַבֵּל אָב Mic 7:6 son treateth father as a fool (with contumely); ׳וַיְנ צוּר Deut 32:15 and he treated with contumely the Rock of his salvation (i.e. ׳י; || נטשִׁ); ׳י subject, Nah 3:6 I will treat thee (Nineveh) with contumely (|| וְהִשְׂלַכְתִּ֫י צָלַיִךְ שִׁקֻּצִים); Jer 14:21 do not treat with contumely the throne of thy glory (|| נאץ).

BDB4955 H5034

BDB4954 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4956

נָבֵל verb sink or drop down, languish, wither and fall, fade (Late Hebrew id.; Assyrian nabâlu, destroy, DlHWB 443 f. Arabic v, VIII. die; Aramaic נְבֵילָא corpse); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳נ Isa 40:7; Isa 40:8; Jer 8:13 3 feminine singular נָָֽבְלָה Isa 24:4 (twice in verse); Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִבּוֺל Ps 1:3 + 4 t. (on form compare Ges«GKC:43»§ 43, 3, R, 1, h Ol§ 246 e) 2 masculine singular תִּבֹּל Exod 18:18 3 masculine plural יִבֹּלוּ 2Sam 22:46 = Ps 18:46, יִבּוֺל֑וּן Ps 37:2 1 plural וַנָּ֫בֶל Isa 64:5 (on form compare Di and Ol§ 236 e); Infinitive absolute נָבֹל Exod 18:18 construct נְבֹל Isa 34:4 Participle נֹבֵל Isa 28:1; Isa 28:4 feminine נֹבֶ֫לָת absolute Isa 34:4 construct Isa 1:30 —
1. sink or drop down, from exhaustion נָבֹל תִּכֹּל Exod 18:18 (Moses and Israel); from discouragement 2Sam 22:46 = Ps 18:46 (of foreigners, foes of Israel); of mountain הַרנֹֿפֵל יִבּוֺל Job 14:18 (but נָפוֺל יִפּוֺל LagProph. Chald. Siegf Baer, after ᵐ5, so Bu [or יִבְלֶה]; Du נָבוֺל יִכּוֺל).
2. usually fall like a leaf, or flower wither and fall, fade: כְּאֵלָה נֹבֶ֫לֶת עֶָ˜להָ Isa 1:30 like an oak falling as to it leaves (simile of people of Jerusalem); the host of heaven יִבּוֺל כִּנְבֹל עָלֶה מגֶּפֶן וּכְנֹבֶלֶת מִתְּאֵנָה Isa 34:4 עָלֵהוּ ׳לֹא יִבּ Ezek 47:12 (trees in Ezekiel's vision), so figurative of good man Ps 1:3 of Israel Jer 8:13, וַנָּ֫בֶל כֶּעָלֶה Isa 64:5 also נָבֵל צִיץ Isa 40:7; Isa 40:8 (both || יָבֵשׁ חָצִיר), צִיץ נֹבֵל Isa 28:1 compare vIsa 28:4 of wicked ׳כְּיֶרֶק דֶּשֶׁא יִבּ Ps 37:2: (|| כֶּחָצִיר יִמָּ֑לוּ); of devastated earth אָֽבְלָה נָָֽבְלָה הָאָרֶַץ אֻמְלְלָה נָָֽבְלָה תֵּבֵ֑ל Isa 24:4.

away, fade, fadeth, fading, wither, …
nābēl
to wilt; figuratively, to be foolish or (morally) wicked; causatively, to despise, disgrace
  • to be senseless, be foolish
    • (Qal) to be foolish
      • "(Piel)
      • to regard or treat as foolish
        • "to treat with contempt
    to sink or drop down, languish, wither and fall, fade
    • (Qal)
      • to sink or drop down
        • "to fall, wither and fall, fade"to droop

צ֥וּר
צ֥וּר
Root word a name — transliterate it ("The rock")
Dictionary form: צוּר · tsoor

Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: the rock
the rock ×14 of the rock ×4 a rock ×3 and the rock ×3 my strength ×3 of the rocks ×3 out of the rock ×3 their rock ×3
More options
rock — Most versatile; fits literal and metaphorical contexts.
crag — Emphasizes a rugged, jagged natural rock formation.
cliff — Suggests height and imposing physical presence.
stronghold — Foregrounds the metaphor of refuge and security.
fortress — Highlights defensive strength; good for divine epithets.
foundation — Stresses stability and reliability in poetic passages.

BDB7020 H6697

BDB7019 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7021

I. צוּר noun masculineJob 29:6 rock, cliff; — ׳צ absolute Exod 17:6 +, construct Deut 8:15 +; suffix צוּרִי 2Sam 22:3, etc.; plural צֻרִים Num 23:9 +, צוּרוֺת Job 28:10 construct צוּרֵי 1Sam 24:3 (Gi v.1Sam 24:2); —

1. a. rocky wall, cliff, Exod 17:6 (twice in verse) (E), Deut 8:15 (הַחַלָּמִישׁ ׳צ), Isa 48:21 (twice in verse); Ps 78:15; Ps 78:20; Ps 105:41; Ps 114:8 (|| חַלָּמִישׁ); ׳בּוֺא בַצּ Isa 2:10, בִּמְעָרוֺת צֻרִים vIsa 2:19, ׳בְּנִקְרוֺת הַצּ vIsa 2:21, compare Exod 33:21; Exod 33:22 (JE); yielding honey (from its clefts) Ps 81:17 (compare Deut 32:13 Dy PerlesAnal. 34 We read צוּף); as look-out Num 23:9 (JE), home of goats 1Sam 24:3 (Gi v.1Sam 24:2), snow-covered Jer 18:14 bearing (olives for) oil Deut 32:13 (׳חַלְמִישׁ צ), Job 29:6 resort of homeless Job 24:8, pierced by miners Job 28:10, compare perhaps נְחָלִים ׳שִׁית בְּצ אוֺפִיר Job 22:24 deposit (thy) gold in the rock of the wadys (most below צֹר pebble); as quarry, figurative of Abraham as ancestor of Israel Isa 51:1 place of security 1Chr 11:15, הַמִּישׁוֺר ׳צ Jer 21:13 (of city), figurative Ps 27:5; Ps 61:3 symbol of firmness Nah 1:6; Job 14:18; Job 18:4 enduring material Job 19:24.
  b. rock with flat surface 2Sam 21:10; Prov 30:19.
  c. block of stone, boulder Judg 6:21; Judg 13:19 (as altar); compare צוּר מִכְשׁוֺל Isa 8:14 (|| נֶגֶף אֶבֶן).
  d. rock with specific name, עוֺרֵב ׳צ Judg 7:25; Isa 10:26.
2. a. figurative of God (33 t.) as support and defence of his people (often || אֱלֹהִים, ׳י, etc.), מָעֻזֵּךְ ׳צ Isa 17:10, מָעוֺז ׳צ Ps 31:3, עֻזִּי ׳צ Ps 62:8, מָעוֺן ׳צ, Ps 71:3, יְשֻׁעָתוֺ ׳צ Deut 32:15 compare 2Sam 22:47b (but strike out, see || Ps 18:47), Ps 89:27; Ps 95:1, וִישׁוּעָתִי ׳צ Ps 62:3; Ps 62:7, מַחְסִי ׳צ Ps 94:22 יִשְׂרָאֵל ׳צ Isa 30:29; 2Sam 23:3 (personified), צוּרִי Ps 18:3; Ps 18:47 = 2Sam 22:3; 2Sam 22:47a, >BIBLE:Psalm 19:15>; Ps 28:1; Ps 92:16; Ps 144:1, לְבָבִי ׳צ Ps 73:26, צוּרֵנוּ Deut 32:31, צוּרָם vDeut 32:30; Ps 78:35 with בְּ essent. ׳בְּיָהּ י עוֺלָמִים ׳צ Isa 26:4 (compare Ps 62:8 see ב I. 7 c); as proper name, of deity (the Rock Deut 32:4; Deut 32:18 (יְלָֽדְךָ ׳צ), vDeut 32:37; Hab 1:12, +(perhaps) Ps 75:6 (read בַּצּוּד, see צַוָּאר; see also פְּדָהצוּר).
  b. of a heathen god Deut 32:31, compare Isa 44:3, מִי צוּר ׳מִבַּלְעֲדֵי א 2Sam 22:32 || Ps 18:32, compare 1Sam 2:2. — See also בֵּית צוּר and חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים. — Ps 89:44 see צֹד below III. צרר, Ps 49:15 see צוּרָה below III. צור. above

rock, rocks, strength, sharp, god, …
ṣûr
properly, a cliff (or sharp rock, as compressed); generally, a rock or boulder; figuratively, a refuge; also an edge (as precipitous)
  • rock, cliff
    • rocky wall, cliff
      • "rock (with flat surface)"block of stone, boulder"rock (specifically)"rock (of God)"rock (of heathen gods)"(n pr dei) Rock

יְשֻֽׁעָתֽ וֹ
יְשֻֽׁעָתֽ
Root word salvation, health, help, deliverance, deliverances, …
וֹ
Suffix — pronoun his / him / it
Dictionary form: יְשׁוּעָה · yeh-shoo-AW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: of his salvation
salvation ×8 of salvation ×7 my salvation ×6 the salvation ×6 in thy salvation ×5 and my salvation ×3 for thy salvation ×3 his salvation ×3
More options
salvation — Modernized from KJV; broad theological term, widely understood.
deliverance — Emphasizes rescue from a concrete danger or oppressor.
rescue — Vivid and immediate; suits narrative or urgent poetic contexts.
help — Simple, relational tone; good for passages stressing divine aid.
victory — Captures military or triumphant overtones in many Psalms.
welfare — Holistic well-being; useful when physical flourishing is in view.

BDB3806 H3444

BDB3805 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3807

יְשׁוּעָה noun feminine salvation; — ׳יְשׁ Ps 119:155 + 18 t.; יְשׁוּעָ֫תָה Ps 3:3; Jonah 2:10 יְשֻׁעָ֫תָה Ps 80:3 construct יְשׁוּעַת Exod 14:13 + 4 t.; suffix יְשֻׁעָתִי Job 30:15 יְשׁוּעָתִי Ps 62:2 + 12 t., + 25 t. suffixes; plural יְשׁוּעוֺת 2Sam 22:51 + 6 t.; יְשׁוּעֹת 2Sam 42:12 + 3 t.; יְשֻׁעוֺת 2Sam 53:7 —

1. welfare, prosperity: כעב עברה ישׁעתי Job 30:15 as a cloud my prosperity passed away.
2. deliverance: והיתה לי לישׁועה and thou wilt be to me for deliverance 2Sam 10:11 = 1Chr 19:12.
3. salvation by God, primarily from external evils, but often with added spiritual idea: Gen 49:18 (poem), Isa 33:2; Isa 52:7; Isa 52:10; Isa 59:11; Isa 60:18; Jonah 2:10; Ps 3:3; Ps 3:9; Ps 14:7 = Ps 53:7; Ps 22:2; Ps 35:3; Ps 62:2; Ps 69:30; Ps 70:5 ( = תשׁועה Ps 40:17), Ps 78:22; Ps 80:3; Ps 91:16; Ps 96:2 = 1Chr 16:23, Ps 106:4; Ps 140:8; Job 13:16 with verbs of rejoicing בישׁועה 1Sam 2:1; Isa 25:9; Ps 9:15; Ps 13:6; Ps 35:9 יְשׁועָה יָשִׁית חוֺמוֺת Isa 26:1 salvation will he set as walls; compare phrase ׳אֱלֹהֵי ישׁ Ps 88:2, ׳אֵל ישׁ Isa 12:2, ׳צוּר ישׁ Deut 32:15 (song), Ps 89:27, compare צוּרִי וְישׁוּעָתִי Ps 62:3; Ps 62:7 ׳יוֺם ישׁ Isa 49:8 ׳מַעַיְנֵי הישׁ Isa 12:3 wells of salvation; plural יְשׁוּעוֺת (intensive), of ׳יְשׁוּעוֺת פָּנַי ׃י Ps 42:6 the salvation of my face (person; פניו ᵑ0 error, פני ᵐ5 ᵑ6), vPs 42:12; Ps 43:5 כּוֺס ישׁועות Ps 116:13 cup commemorating saving acts (of drink-offering); further Ps 119:123; Ps 119:155; Ps 119:166; Ps 119:174 || צְדָקָה Isa 51:6; Isa 51:8; Isa 56:1; Isa 62:1; Ps 98:2; Ps 98:3 יְשׁוּעָתִי עַדקְֿצֵה הָאָרֶץ Isa 49:6 my salvation unto the ends of the earth; בְּכָלאגּוֺיִם יְשׁוּעָתֶ֑ךָ Ps 67:3 among all nations thy salvation.
4. victory: with עָשָׂה work victory 1Sam 14:45; Isa 26:18: elsewhere of victories wrought by Yahweh for his people Exod 15:2 (song) Isa 12:2; Hab 3:8; Ps 20:6; Ps 21:2; Ps 21:6; Ps 44:5; Ps 68:20; Ps 118:14; Ps 118:15; Ps 118:21 phrases: פעל יְשׁוּעוֺת do victories Ps 74:12 חֹסֶן יְשׁוּעֹת Isa 33:6 store of victories; מִגְדּוֺל יְשׁוּעוֺת 2Sam 22:51 Qr tower of victories (Kt מַגְדִּיל and so || Ps 18:51); מָעוֺז יְשׁוּעוֺת Ps 28:8 stronghold of victories; ׳רְאוּ אֶתיְֿשׁוּעַת י Exod 14:13 (J) see the victory of Yahweh, 2Chr 20:17 כּוֺבַע יְשׁוּעָה Isa 59:17 helmet of victory; יְפָאֵר עֲנָוִים בִּישׁוּעָה Ps 149:4 he will beautify the meek with victory. — compare the synonym תְּשׁוּעָה below

salvation, health, help, deliverance, deliverances, …
yĕšûʿâ
something saved, i.e., (abstractly) deliverance; hence, aid, victory, prosperity
  • salvation, deliverance
    • welfare, prosperity
      • "deliverance"salvation (by God)"victory

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ן יְשֻׁרוּן֙ Pashta — a lesser break וַיִּבְעָ֔ט Zaqef Qatan — a strong break שָׁמַ֖נְתָּ Tipeha — a lesser break עָבִ֣יתָ כָּשִׂ֑יתָ Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וַיִּטֹּשׁ֙ Pashta — a lesser break אֱל֣וֹהַ עָשָׂ֔הוּ Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וַיְנַבֵּ֖ל Tipeha — a lesser break צ֥וּר יְשֻֽׁעָתֽוֹ Silluq — end of the verse

וַיִּשְׁמַן יְשֻׁרוּן וַיִּבְעָט שָׁמַנְתָּ עָבִיתָ כָּשִׂיתָ וַיִּטֹּשׁ אֱלוֹהַ עָשָׂהוּ וַיְנַבֵּל צוּר יְשֻֽׁעָתֽוֹ׃
15
But Jeshurun waxed fat, and kicked: thou art waxen fat, thou art grown thick, thou art covered with fatness; then he forsook God which made him, and lightly esteemed the Rock of his salvation.
Cross References

Deuteronomy 31:20

כִּֽי-אֲבִיאֶנּוּ אֶֽל-הָאֲדָמָה׀ אֲשֶׁר-נִשְׁבַּעְתִּי לַֽאֲבֹתָיו זָבַת חָלָב וּדְבַשׁ וְאָכַל וְשָׂבַע וְדָשֵׁן וּפָנָה אֶל-אֱלֹהִים אֲחֵרִים וַֽעֲבָדוּם וְנִאֲצוּנִי וְהֵפֵר אֶת-בְּרִיתִֽי׃
20
For when I shall have brought them into the land which I sware unto their fathers, that floweth with milk and honey; and they shall have eaten and filled themselves, and waxen fat; then will they turn unto other gods, and serve them, and provoke me, and break my covenant.

Hosea 13:6

כְּמַרְעִיתָם וַיִּשְׂבָּעוּ שָׂבְעוּ וַיָּרָם לִבָּם עַל-כֵּן שְׁכֵחֽוּנִי׃
6
According to their pasture, so were they filled; they were filled, and their heart was exalted; therefore have they forgotten me.

Deuteronomy 33:5

וַיְהִי בִֽישֻׁרוּן מֶלֶךְ בְּהִתְאַסֵּף רָאשֵׁי עָם יַחַד שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃
5
And he was king in Jeshurun, when the heads of the people and the tribes of Israel were gathered together.

Psalms 89:26

הוּא יִקְרָאֵנִי אָבִי אָתָּה אֵלִי וְצוּר יְשׁוּעָתִֽי׃
26
He shall cry unto me, Thou art my father, my God, and the rock of my salvation.

Acts 28:27

ἐπαχύνθη γὰρ ἡ καρδία τοῦ λαοῦ τούτου καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν βαρέως ἤκουσαν καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐκάμμυσαν· μήποτε ἴδωσιν τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς καὶ τοῖς ὠσὶν ἀκούσωσιν καὶ τῇ καρδίᾳ συνῶσιν καὶ ἐπιστρέψωσιν καὶ ἰάσωμαι αὐτούς
27
For the heart of this people is waxed gross, and their ears are dull of hearing, and their eyes have they closed; lest they should see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and should be converted, and I should heal them.

1 Samuel 2:29

לָמָּה תִבְעֲטוּ בְּזִבְחִי וּבְמִנְחָתִי אֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִי מָעוֹן וַתְּכַבֵּד אֶת-בָּנֶיךָ מִמֶּנִּי לְהַבְרִֽיאֲכֶם מֵֽרֵאשִׁית כָּל-מִנְחַת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְעַמִּֽי׃
29
Wherefore kick ye at my sacrifice and at mine offering, which I have commanded in my habitation; and honourest thy sons above me, to make yourselves fat with the chiefest of all the offerings of Israel my people?

Jeremiah 5:28

שָׁמְנוּ עָשְׁתוּ גַּם עָֽבְרוּ דִבְרֵי-רָע דִּין לֹא-דָנוּ דִּין יָתוֹם וְיַצְלִיחוּ וּמִשְׁפַּט אֶבְיוֹנִים לֹא שָׁפָֽטוּ׃
28
They are waxen fat, they shine: yea, they overpass the deeds of the wicked: they judge not the cause, the cause of the fatherless, yet they prosper; and the right of the needy do they not judge.

Deuteronomy 31:16

וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל-מֹשֶׁה הִנְּךָ שֹׁכֵב עִם-אֲבֹתֶיךָ וְקָם הָעָם הַזֶּה וְזָנָה׀ אַֽחֲרֵי׀ אֱלֹהֵי נֵֽכַר-הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר הוּא בָא-שָׁמָּה בְּקִרְבּוֹ וַֽעֲזָבַנִי וְהֵפֵר אֶת-בְּרִיתִי אֲשֶׁר כָּרַתִּי אִתּֽוֹ׃
16
And the LORD said unto Moses, Behold, thou shalt sleep with thy fathers; and this people will rise up, and go a whoring after the gods of the strangers of the land, whither they go to be among them, and will forsake me, and break my covenant which I have made with them.

Deuteronomy 32:4

הַצּוּר תָּמִים פָּֽעֳלוֹ כִּי כָל-דְּרָכָיו מִשְׁפָּט אֵל אֱמוּנָה וְאֵין עָוֶל צַדִּיק וְיָשָׁר הֽוּא׃
4
He is the Rock, his work is perfect: for all his ways are judgment: a God of truth and without iniquity, just and right is he.

Psalms 73:7

יָצָא מֵחֵלֶב עֵינֵמוֹ עָבְרוּ מַשְׂכִּיּוֹת לֵבָֽב׃
7
Their eyes stand out with fatness: they have more than heart could wish.

Deuteronomy 8:10

וְאָֽכַלְתָּ וְשָׂבָעְתָּ וּבֵֽרַכְתָּ אֶת-יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ עַל-הָאָרֶץ הַטֹּבָה אֲשֶׁר נָֽתַן-לָֽךְ׃
10
When thou hast eaten and art full, then thou shalt bless the LORD thy God for the good land which he hath given thee.

Deuteronomy 32:6

הַ לְיְהוָה תִּגְמְלוּ-זֹאת עַם נָבָל וְלֹא חָכָם הֲלוֹא-הוּא אָבִיךָ קָּנֶךָ הוּא עָֽשְׂךָ וַֽיְכֹנְנֶֽךָ׃
6
Do ye thus requite the LORD, O foolish people and unwise? is not he thy father that hath bought thee? hath he not made thee, and established thee?

Isaiah 1:4

הוֹי׀ גּוֹי חֹטֵא עַם כֶּבֶד עָוֹן זֶרַע מְרֵעִים בָּנִים מַשְׁחִיתִים עָזְבוּ אֶת-יְהוָה נִֽאֲצוּ אֶת-קְדוֹשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל נָזֹרוּ אָחֽוֹר׃
4
Ah sinful nation, a people laden with iniquity, a seed of evildoers, children that are corrupters: they have forsaken the LORD, they have provoked the Holy One of Israel unto anger, they are gone away backward.

Nehemiah 9:25

וַֽיִּלְכְּדוּ עָרִים בְּצֻרוֹת וַֽאֲדָמָה שְׁמֵנָה וַיִּֽירְשׁוּ בָּתִּים מְלֵֽאִים-כָּל-טוּב בֹּרוֹת חֲצוּבִים כְּרָמִים וְזֵיתִים וְעֵץ מַֽאֲכָל לָרֹב וַיֹּֽאכְלוּ וַֽיִּשְׂבְּעוּ וַיַּשְׁמִינוּ וַיִּֽתְעַדְּנוּ בְּטֽוּבְךָ הַגָּדֽוֹל׃
25
And they took strong cities, and a fat land, and possessed houses full of all goods, wells digged, vineyards, and oliveyards, and fruit trees in abundance: so they did eat, and were filled, and became fat, and delighted themselves in thy great goodness.

Isaiah 6:10

הַשְׁמֵן לֵב-הָעָם הַזֶּה וְאָזְנָיו הַכְבֵּד וְעֵינָיו הָשַׁע פֶּן-יִרְאֶה בְעֵינָיו וּבְאָזְנָיו יִשְׁמָע וּלְבָבוֹ יָבִין וָשָׁב וְרָפָא לֽוֹ׃
10
Make the heart of this people fat, and make their ears heavy, and shut their eyes; lest they see with their eyes, and hear with their ears, and understand with their heart, and convert, and be healed.

2 Samuel 22:47

חַי-יְהוָה וּבָרוּךְ צוּרִי וְיָרֻם אֱלֹהֵי צוּר יִשְׁעִֽי׃
47
The LORD liveth; and blessed be my rock; and exalted be the God of the rock of my salvation.

Psalms 95:1

לְכוּ נְרַנְּנָה לַיהוָה נָרִיעָה לְצוּר יִשְׁעֵֽנוּ׃
1
O come, let us sing unto the LORD: let us make a joyful noise to the rock of our salvation.

Jeremiah 5:7

אֵי לָזֹאת ‫(אסלוח)‬ אֶֽסְלַֽח-לָךְ בָּנַיִךְ עֲזָבוּנִי וַיִּשָּׁבְעוּ בְּלֹא אֱלֹהִים וָאַשְׂבִּעַ אוֹתָם וַיִּנְאָפוּ וּבֵית זוֹנָה יִתְגּוֹדָֽדוּ׃
7
How shall I pardon thee for this? thy children have forsaken me, and sworn by them that are no gods: when I had fed them to the full, they then committed adultery, and assembled themselves by troops in the harlots' houses.

Romans 2:4

ἢ τοῦ πλούτου τῆς χρηστότητος αὐτοῦ καὶ τῆς ἀνοχῆς καὶ τῆς μακροθυμίας καταφρονεῖς ἀγνοῶν ὅτι τὸ χρηστὸν τοῦ θεοῦ εἰς μετάνοιάν σε ἄγει
4
Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance?

Isaiah 44:2

כֹּה-אָמַר יְהוָה עֹשֶׂךָ וְיֹצֶרְךָ מִבֶּטֶן יַעְזְרֶךָּ אַל-תִּירָא עַבְדִּי יַֽעֲקֹב וִישֻׁרוּן בָּחַרְתִּי בֽוֹ׃
2
Thus saith the LORD that made thee, and formed thee from the womb, which will help thee; Fear not, O Jacob, my servant; and thou, Jesurun, whom I have chosen.
Deuteronomy 32:14
Read Deuteronomy 32
Deuteronomy 32:16