Joshua 19:38 — Hebrew Word by Word

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Word Parts

וְ יִרְאוֹן֙

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יִרְאוֹן֙

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And iron")

Dictionary form: יִרְאוֹן · yir-ONE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Np

Noun — Proper Name

וְ	Speech Conjunction
יִרְאוֹן	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: and iron

and iron ×1

More options

Iron — Direct modern rendering of this place name.

Yiron — Transliteration; use when preserving Hebrew place names.

Iron (a town in Naphtali) — Add context gloss when readers need geographic clarity.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3711 H3375

יִרְאוֺן proper name, of a location city in Naphtali Josh 19:38, probably Jarûn Bd^{Pal 261} Survey^{i. 204}.

Strong's Definition H3375

iron

yirʾôn

fearing

Jiron, a place in Palestine

a city of Naphtali; site unknown

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 1 English renderings

Yiron

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Word Parts

וּ מִגְדַּל

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

מִגְדַּל

Root word a name — transliterate it

Dictionary form: מִגְדַּל־אֵל · miɡ-DAHL ale

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Np

Noun — Proper Name

וּ	Speech Conjunction
מִגְדַּל	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

and migdal-el ×1

More options

Migdal-El — Standard modern spelling for this proper place name.

Migdal El — Unhyphenated form used in some modern translations.

Tower of God — Literal translation; useful in explanatory or study contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1507 H4027

מִגְדַּלאֵֿל proper name (tower of God) stronghold in Naphtali Josh 19:38 probably = Μαγδαλά Matt 15:39 = Mejdel in the plain of Gennesareth Rob^{BR iii. 298} Bd^{Pal 257}.

Strong's Definition H4027

migdal-el

migdal ʾēl

tower of God

Migdal-El, a place in Palestine

one of the fortified towns in Naphtali

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 1 English renderings

Migdal-el

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Word Parts

אֵ֔ל

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And migdal-el")

Dictionary form: מִגְדַּל־אֵל · miɡ-DAHL ale

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

אֵל	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: and migdal-el

and migdal-el ×1

More options

Migdal-El — Standard modern spelling for this proper place name.

Migdal El — Unhyphenated form used in some modern translations.

Tower of God — Literal translation; useful in explanatory or study contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1507 H4027

מִגְדַּלאֵֿל proper name (tower of God) stronghold in Naphtali Josh 19:38 probably = Μαγδαλά Matt 15:39 = Mejdel in the plain of Gennesareth Rob^{BR iii. 298} Bd^{Pal 257}.

Strong's Definition H4027

migdal-el

migdal ʾēl

tower of God

Migdal-El, a place in Palestine

one of the fortified towns in Naphtali

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 1 English renderings

Migdal-el

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Word Parts

חֳרֵ֥ם

Root word a name — transliterate it ("Horem")

Dictionary form: חֳרֵם · hoh-RAME

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

חֳרֵם

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: horem

horem ×1

More options

Horem — Standard anglicized form for this proper place name.

Horem — Alternate spelling, closer to Hebrew transliteration.

Hoh-Rem — Phonetic rendering useful in oral/audio translations.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3129 H2765

חֳרֵם proper name, of a location (sacred; compare Sabean proper name, of a location אחרם DHM^{Epigr. Denkm. 43}) — a place in tribe of Naphtali Josh 19:38 (P); not identified.

Strong's Definition H2765

horem

ḥŏrēm

sacred

Chorem, a place in Palestine

one of the fortified towns in Naphtali

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 1 English renderings

Horem

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Word Parts

וּ בֵית

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

בֵית

Root word a name — transliterate it

Dictionary form: בֵּית עֲנָת · bate uh-NAWT

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Np

Noun — Proper Name

וּ	Speech Conjunction
בֵית	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

and beth-anath ×1 and of beth-anath ×1 of beth-anath ×1

More options

Beth-Anath — Standard modern spelling; preferred in scholarly translations.

Beth Anath — Unhyphenated form; used in some contemporary Bible versions.

House of Anath — Literal rendering; clarifies the name's meaning for readers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1080 H1043

בֵּיתעֲֿנָת proper name, of a location in Naphtali (temple of `Anât Nes^{Eg 114} Bae^{Rel 53} Mey^{ZMG 1877, 718}) Josh 19:38; Judg 1:33 ׳בֵּית ע vJudg 1:33 — perhaps modern Ain-Ata see d. Velde^{Narr. i. 170}, 6 miles west of Kedesh (name `Anata Guérin^{Gal. ii. 374}; `Ainîtha, Survey^{i. 200}).

BDB6244 H6067 H1042 H1043

עֲנָת proper name, masculine father of Shamgar Judg 3:31; Judg 5:6, Αναθ (Δειναχ, Κεναθ); — see also בֵּית עֲנוֺת, עֲנָת ׳ב (compare Tel Amarna proper name Anati, Wkl^{125, 43}; Assyrian proper name, of deities Anatu (Jastr^Rel. Babylonian 153; hence) in Syria and Phoenician — also Egypt — ענת (Muss-Arn^{JBL xi (1892), 80} Pietschm^{Phön. 149 f.} Hal^{JAssyrian 7, x (1877), 374}; xiii (1879), 208)).

Strong's Definition H1043

beth-anath

bêt ʿănāt

house of response (or affliction)

Beth-Anath, a place in Palestine

a place in Naphtali

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 3 English renderings

Beth-anath

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Word Parts

עֲנָ֖ת

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And beth-anath")

Dictionary form: בֵּית עֲנָת · bate uh-NAWT

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

עֲנָת

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: and beth-anath

and beth-anath ×1 and of beth-anath ×1 of beth-anath ×1

More options

Beth-Anath — Standard modern spelling; preferred in scholarly translations.

Beth Anath — Unhyphenated form; used in some contemporary Bible versions.

House of Anath — Literal rendering; clarifies the name's meaning for readers.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1080 H1043

בֵּיתעֲֿנָת proper name, of a location in Naphtali (temple of `Anât Nes^{Eg 114} Bae^{Rel 53} Mey^{ZMG 1877, 718}) Josh 19:38; Judg 1:33 ׳בֵּית ע vJudg 1:33 — perhaps modern Ain-Ata see d. Velde^{Narr. i. 170}, 6 miles west of Kedesh (name `Anata Guérin^{Gal. ii. 374}; `Ainîtha, Survey^{i. 200}).

BDB6244 H6067 H1042 H1043

עֲנָת proper name, masculine father of Shamgar Judg 3:31; Judg 5:6, Αναθ (Δειναχ, Κεναθ); — see also בֵּית עֲנוֺת, עֲנָת ׳ב (compare Tel Amarna proper name Anati, Wkl^{125, 43}; Assyrian proper name, of deities Anatu (Jastr^Rel. Babylonian 153; hence) in Syria and Phoenician — also Egypt — ענת (Muss-Arn^{JBL xi (1892), 80} Pietschm^{Phön. 149 f.} Hal^{JAssyrian 7, x (1877), 374}; xiii (1879), 208)).

Strong's Definition H1043

beth-anath

bêt ʿănāt

house of response (or affliction)

Beth-Anath, a place in Palestine

a place in Naphtali

Variations 1 forms of this word

Translations 3 English renderings

Beth-anath

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Word Parts

וּ בֵ֣ית

וּ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

בֵ֣ית

Root word a name — transliterate it

Dictionary form: בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ · bate sheh-MESH

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Np

Noun — Proper Name

וּ	Speech Conjunction
בֵית	Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

of beth-shemesh ×8 and beth-shemesh ×4 at beth-shemesh ×4 beth-shemesh ×2 to beth-shemesh ×2 and they of beth-shemesh ×1

More options

Beth-shemesh — Standard modern scholarly and Bible translation spelling.

Beth Shemesh — Two-word form used in some modern translations.

House of the Sun — Literal rendering; use when etymology is being highlighted.

Sun City — Informal; captures meaning for dynamic-equivalence contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1091 H1053

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ proper name, of a location (sun-temple) — ׳שׁ ׳בּ Josh 19:22 + 8 t., ׳שֿׁ׳בּ Josh 15:10 + 6 t.; שָׁ֑מֶשׁ ׳בּ Josh 19:38 + 4 t.; —

1. city in southwest Judah Josh 15:10; 1Sam 6:9; 1Sam 6:12 (twice in verse); 1Sam 6:13; 1Sam 6:15; 1Sam 6:19; 1Sam 6:20; 1Kgs 4:9; 2Kgs 14:13 = 2Chr 25:23; 2Chr 28:18 distinguished from other places of same name as אֲשֶׁר לִיהוּדָה ׳שׁ ׳בּ 2Kgs 14:11 = 2Chr 25:21 assigned to Levites Josh 21:16 = 1Chr 6:44 — ruin at modern `Ain Shems Rob^{BR ii. 223 f.} Bd^{Pal 163} Survey^{iii. 35, 60.}

2. city in Naphtali Josh 19:38; Judg 1:33 (twice in verse)

3. city in Issachar Josh 19:22 possibly `Ain esh-Shemsîyeh, Jordan valley, south of Beisân (Beth Shean) Survey^{ii. 231.}

4. = On-Heliopolis, in Egypt Jer 43:13 Rob^{BR i. 25} Eb^{GS 505 f.} Dl^{Pa 318 f}.

BDB6038 H5905 H1053

עִיר שָׁ֑מֶשׁ proper name, of a location (city of the sun(-god)), assigned to Dan Josh 19:41 (P), = ׳בֵּית שׁ q. v.; πόλεις Σαμμαυς, A ᵐ5^L πόλις Σαμες.

Strong's Definition H1053

beth-shemesh

bêt šemeš

house of the sun, sun-temple

Beth-Shemesh, a place in Palestine

a town in southwest Judah

Variations 3 forms of this word

Translations 6 English renderings

Beth-shemesh Beth-shemesh Border town of Issachar. Beth-shemesh Fortified city in Naphtali, not conquered by the tribe.

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Word Parts

שָׁ֑מֶשׁ

Root word a name — transliterate it ("And beth-shemesh")

Dictionary form: בֵּית שֶׁמֶשׁ · bate sheh-MESH

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Np

Noun — Proper Name

שָׁמֶשׁ

Speech Noun Type Proper Name

In English

In the KJV here: and beth-shemesh

of beth-shemesh ×8 and beth-shemesh ×4 at beth-shemesh ×4 beth-shemesh ×2 to beth-shemesh ×2 and they of beth-shemesh ×1

More options

Beth-shemesh — Standard modern scholarly and Bible translation spelling.

Beth Shemesh — Two-word form used in some modern translations.

House of the Sun — Literal rendering; use when etymology is being highlighted.

Sun City — Informal; captures meaning for dynamic-equivalence contexts.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB1091 H1053

בֵּית שֶׁ֫מֶשׁ proper name, of a location (sun-temple) — ׳שׁ ׳בּ Josh 19:22 + 8 t., ׳שֿׁ׳בּ Josh 15:10 + 6 t.; שָׁ֑מֶשׁ ׳בּ Josh 19:38 + 4 t.; —

1. city in southwest Judah Josh 15:10; 1Sam 6:9; 1Sam 6:12 (twice in verse); 1Sam 6:13; 1Sam 6:15; 1Sam 6:19; 1Sam 6:20; 1Kgs 4:9; 2Kgs 14:13 = 2Chr 25:23; 2Chr 28:18 distinguished from other places of same name as אֲשֶׁר לִיהוּדָה ׳שׁ ׳בּ 2Kgs 14:11 = 2Chr 25:21 assigned to Levites Josh 21:16 = 1Chr 6:44 — ruin at modern `Ain Shems Rob^{BR ii. 223 f.} Bd^{Pal 163} Survey^{iii. 35, 60.}

2. city in Naphtali Josh 19:38; Judg 1:33 (twice in verse)

3. city in Issachar Josh 19:22 possibly `Ain esh-Shemsîyeh, Jordan valley, south of Beisân (Beth Shean) Survey^{ii. 231.}

4. = On-Heliopolis, in Egypt Jer 43:13 Rob^{BR i. 25} Eb^{GS 505 f.} Dl^{Pa 318 f}.

BDB6038 H5905 H1053

עִיר שָׁ֑מֶשׁ proper name, of a location (city of the sun(-god)), assigned to Dan Josh 19:41 (P), = ׳בֵּית שׁ q. v.; πόλεις Σαμμαυς, A ᵐ5^L πόλις Σαμες.

Strong's Definition H1053

beth-shemesh

bêt šemeš

house of the sun, sun-temple

Beth-Shemesh, a place in Palestine

a town in southwest Judah

Variations 3 forms of this word

Translations 6 English renderings

Beth-shemesh Beth-shemesh Border town of Issachar. Beth-shemesh Fortified city in Naphtali, not conquered by the tribe.

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Word Parts

עָרִ֥ים

Root word city, cities, town, towns, one, …

Dictionary form: עִיר · eer

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Ncfpa

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

עָרִים

Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Plural State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: cities

the city ×168 cities ×153 city ×131 of the city ×95 the cities ×88 in the city ×49 into the city ×26 a city ×25

More options

city — Best default; fits large, walled, or named settlements.

town — Prefer for smaller or less prominent settlements.

settlement — Neutral; good when size or status is ambiguous.

village — Use for very small or rural communities in context.

urban center — Highlights civic or political function over geography.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB5915 H5892

I. עִיר noun [masculine] excitement; — of terror, וּבֶהָלוֺת ׳ע Jer 15:9 of rage (si vera lectio), לֹא אָבוֺא בְּעִיר Hos 11:9, but St proposes לְבָעֵר compare We Oort Now GASm. — בָּעִיר Ps 73:20 see עור Hiph`il — II, III. עִיר see below

BDB6035 H5892

II. עִיר₁₀₉₂ noun feminine^{Gen 10:12} (Albr^{ZAW xvi.40 f.}) city, town (√ unknown; Late Hebrew id.;? Phoenician ער Lzb³⁴⁵; Sabean ער fortified height (compare 3) Prä^{ZMG xxvi (1872), 437}, ערן, עהרן city CIS^{iv. pp. 94, 95, 173}); — ׳ע absolute Gen 4:17 +, construct Gen 24:10 +; הָעִ֫ירָה 1Kgs 14:12 + 7t.; suffix עִירִי 2Sam 19:38 + 2 t., etc.; plural עָרִים Isa 6:11 +, עֲיָרִים Judg 10:4 (text error, or word-play, compare GFM); construct עָרֵי Gen 10:29 +; suffix עָרַי Zech 1:17, עָרֵיכֶם Isa 1:7 +, etc.; —

1. city, town, abode of men Gen 4:17 (J) and often; גְּדֹלָה Gen 10:12 (J), +, or קְטַנָּה Eccl 9:14 (compare Gen 19:20); especially
a. fortified: עָרִים בְּצֻרוֺת 2Sam 20:6 +, etc., see בָּצַר, מִבְצָר; עִיר מִבְצַרצֹֿר Josh 19:29 (P) fortified city (of) Tyre, מָצוֺר ׳ע Ps 31:22 +, etc., see מָצוֺר, מְצוּרָה below צוּר (Mic 7:12 see מָצוֺר); עָזלָֿנוּ ׳ע Isa 26:1, עָרֵי מָעוּזּוֺ Isa 17:9 דְּלָתַיִם וּבְרִיחַ ׳ְ 1Sam 23:7 חוֺמָה ׳ע Lev 25:29, compare vLev 25:30 (P), 1Kgs 4:13 on Hos 10:14 see I. עַם 2 b (1Sam 9:14 read הַשֵּׁעַר ᵐ5 We Dr and others).
b. opposed to כֹּפֶר הַפְּרָזִי 1Sam 6:18, ׳עָרֵי הַפּ Deut 3:5, הַפְּרָזוֺת ׳ע Esth 9:19 distinguished from dependencies חֲצֵרִים Josh 13:23 + often P.
c. עָרֶיה are dependent towns Josh 13:17 (P), Jer 19:15.
d. עָרֵי הַמַּמְלָכָה Josh 10:2 (JE) royal cities (i.e. with a king, compare Tel Amarna al šarri), so singular 1Sam 27:5, opposed to הַשָּׁדֶה עָרֵי v1Sam 27:5 rural towns; הַמְּלוּכָה ׳ע 2Sam 12:26 (but read הַמַּיִם ׳ע We Bu Kit Löhr HPS, see 2 below).
e. עֶרֵי מִסְכְּנוֺת Exod 1:11 storage-cities, so 1Kgs 9:19 = 2Chr 8:6; 2Chr 8:4; 2Chr 17:12 for נַפְתָּלִי ׳ע ׳מ 2Chr 16:4 read probably ׳כִּנְרוֺת עֵלוֿגו (as 1Kgs 15:20 Be Kit Buhl); compare הֶרֶכֶב ׳ע 1Kgs 9:19; 1Kgs 10:26 = 2Chr 8:6; 2Chr 9:25; 2Chr 1:14 הַפָּרָשִׁים ׳ע 1Kgs 9:19 = 2Chr 8:6. feminine (הַ)מִקְלָט ׳ע (P) asylum-cities Num 35:11; Num 35:13; Num 35:14; Josh 20:2, compare Num 35:25; Num 35:26; Num 35:27; Num 35:28; Num 35:32, לְמִקְלָט ׳ע vNum 35:12 מִקְלַט הָרֹצֵחַ ׳ע Josh 21:13 + 4t. 21.
g. (הָ)אֱלֹהִים ׳ע = Jerusalem: Ps 46:5; Ps 87:3, compare Ps 48:2; Ps 48:9 ׳י ׳ע Isa 60:14; Ps 101:8 צְבָאוֺת ׳י ׳ע Ps 48:9.
h. city = inhabitants 1Sam 4:13; 1Sam 5:12; Isa 22:2; Ruth 1:19, so 2Sam 20:22 (reading הָעִיר for ᵑ0 הָעָם) ᵐ5 We Dr and others (compare also following).
i. combinations are: רֹכְלִים ׳ע Ezek 17:4 city of merchants; מוֺשָׁב ׳ע Ps 107:4; Ps 107:7; Ps 107:36 city for dwelling; especially of character or condition: הַצֶּדֶק ׳ע Isa 1:26, ׳ע הָאֱמֶת Zech 8:3 הַקּדֶשׁ ׳ע Isa 48:2; Isa 52:1; Neh 11:1; Neh 11:18, compare Dan 9:24, all of Jerusalem; עָרֵי קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ Jer 5:17 of Judaean cities; of foreign cities, תְּהִלָּךְ ׳ע Jer 49:25, ׳הָע הַהֻלָּלהEzek 26:17, הָעַלִּיזָה ׳הָע Zeph 2:15 of Jerusalem also הַיּוֺנָה ׳הָע Zeph 3:1 oppressive city, (הַ)דָּמִים ׳ע bloody city Ezek 22:2; Ezek 24:6; Ezek 24:9 and (of Nineveh) Nah 3:1.

2. of fortress in a city especially עִיר דָּוִד 2Sam 5:7; 2Sam 5:9; 2Sam 6:10 + often (see דָּוִד); כֵית הַבָּ֑עַל ׳ע 2Kgs 10:25 (crpt; Klo proposes דְּבִיר for ׳ע, compare Kmp Benz Kit); הַמַּיִם ׳ע 2Sam 12:27 (so read also v2Sam 12:26, see 1 d).

3. apparently fortified place, of any size, עִיר מִבְצָר בְּכָלעָֿרֵיהֶם מִמִּגְּדַּל נוֺצְרִים עַדֿ 2Kgs 17:9 =2Kgs 18:8 compare Num 13:9 (P; but on compare of ver. see Di); perhaps also עֲמָלֵק ׳ע 1Sam 15:5 (HPS). — Hos 7:4 see עור Hiph`il

עִיר הַהֶרֶס see הֶרֶס.

Strong's Definition H5892

city, cities, town, towns, one, …

ʿîr

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

excitement, anguish

of terror

city, town

Variations 99 forms of this word

Translations 173 English renderings

City

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Word Parts

תְּשַֽׁע

Root word nine, ninth, nineteen, nineteenth

Dictionary form: תֵּשַׁע · tay-SHA

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Acfsa

Adjective — Cardinal Number, feminine singular, absolute state a number (one, two, three, …)

תְּשַֽׁע

Speech Adjective Type Cardinal Number Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

In the KJV here: nineteen

nine ×21 and nine ×16 in the nine ×2 in the ninth ×2 nineteen ×2 the nineteenth ×2 unto the nine ×2 and ninth ×1

More options

nine — Core cardinal number; use for counts and quantities.

ninth — Ordinal form; use for position or sequence in a series.

nineteen — Use when the lemma functions as the compound cardinal 19.

nineteenth — Ordinal of 19; use for dates, regnal years, or sequences.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9261 H8672

תֵּ֫שַׁע, תִּשְׁעָה₅₈ noun masculine and feminine a nine, nonad (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew; Assyrian tišit (feminine), nine, tešû, ninth; Sabean תסעת nine, תסעי ninety Hom^{Chr 48}; Lihyanian תסע DHM^{Ep. Denkm. Ar. 52}, Arabic , Ethiopic Aramaic תְּשַׁע , Nabataean, Palmyrene תשע Lzb³⁸⁸, Mandean (א for ע; sometimes ע prefixed) תשא, עשתא Nö^{M 188}, all nine); —

masculine with feminine noun absolute תֵּ֫שַׁע Deut 3:11 + 20 t., construct תְּשַׁע Judg 4:3 + 18 t.; feminine with masculine noun absolute תִּשְׁעָה 2Sam 14:8 + 13 t., construct תִּשְׁעַת Josh 13:7 + 2 t. (these include 9 + 10 = 19); — nine (Hexateuch chiefly P);

1. no other number:
a. before plural noun תֵּשַׁע אַמּוֺת Deut 3:11, שָׁנִים ׳ת 2Kgs 17:1; Gen 11:19, הַיָּדוֺת ׳ת Neh 11:1, חֳדָשִׁים 2Sam 24:8, תִּשְּׁבָטִים Josh 13:7 (J E?), compare Josh 14:2; Num 34:13 (both P); after plural noun עָרִים תֵּ֫שַׁע Josh 15:44; Josh 15:51; Josh 21:16 (all P), פָּרִים תִּשְׁעָה Num 29:26 (P); noun omitted 1Chr 3:8.
b. = ordinal לַחֹדֶשׁ 2Kgs 25:3 + 3 t. on the ninth (day) of the month; שְׁנַתתֵּֿשַׁע לְ 2Kgs 18:10 the ninth year of.

2. 9 + 10 = 19, with feminine noun תְּשַׁעעֶֿשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה Gen 11:25, עָרִים תְּשַׁעֿ עֶשְׂרֵהJosh 19:38 (both P), as ordinal שְׁנַת תְּשַׁעֿ עֶשְׂרִים שָׁנָה לְ 2Kgs 25:8 || Jer 52:12 with masculine noun תִּשְׁעָה עָשָׂר אִישׁ 2Sam 2:30, compare (as ordinal, גּוֺרָל omitted) 1Chr 24:16; 1Chr 25:26.

3. 900 = תְשַׁע מֵאוֺת Judg 4:3 + 14 t.

4. with tens (20, 30, etc.): ׳ת following 2Kgs 14:2 + 10 t., precedes Gen 11:24 + 6 t., compare Kö^{ii. 1. 215 ff}.

Strong's Definition H8672

nine, ninth, nineteen, nineteenth

tēšaʿ

nine or (ordinal) ninth

nine, nonad

nine (as cardinal number)

Variations 13 forms of this word

Translations 15 English renderings

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Word Parts

עֶשְׂרֵ֖ה

Root word twelve, fifteen, fifteenth, fourteenth, nineteenth, …

Dictionary form: עָשָׂר · aw-SAWR

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar Acfsa

Adjective — Cardinal Number, feminine singular, absolute state a number (one, two, three, …)

עֶשְׂרֵה

Speech Adjective Type Cardinal Number Gender Feminine Number Singular State Absolute

In English

twelve ×7 fifteen ×3 and twelve ×2 and in the eleventh ×1 are the twelve ×1 be twelve ×1 being seventeen ×1 being twelve ×1

More options

ten (combining form: -teen) — Core sense; used only in compound numbers eleven–nineteen.

eleven — Preferred when the compound yields this specific value.

twelve — Most common compound; modernizes KJV 'twelve' directly.

thirteen through nineteen — Use the exact teen number the context requires.

eighteen — Use when the Hebrew compound specifies eight-plus-ten.

seventeen — Use when the Hebrew compound specifies seven-plus-ten.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB6442 H6240

עָשָׂר₂₀₃, עֶשְׂרֵה₁₄₄ noun ten, only after units to make numbers 11-19, both cardinal and ordinal; עֶשְׂרֵה with noun feminine, עָשָׂר with noun masculine, thus:

1. eleven:
a. אַחַד עָשָׂר (with masculine noun) Gen 32:23 + 2 t.
b. אַחַת עֶשְׂרֵה (with feminine noun) 2Kgs 23:36 + 7 t.; also = eleventh 1Kgs 6:38; 2Kgs 9:29.
c. עַשְׁתֵּי עָשָׂר (with masculine noun) Num 29:20 ordinal Deut 1:3 + 7 t.
d. עַשְׁתֵּי עֶשְׂרֵה (with feminine noun) Exod 26:7 + 4 t.; ordinal Jer 1:3 + 4 t.

2. twelve:
a. שְׁנֵי (ם) עָשָׂר (with masculine noun) Gen 35:22 + 80 t. ordinal 1Kgs 19:19 + 12 t.
b. שְׁתֵּי(ם) עֶשְׂרֵה (with feminine noun) Exod 24:4 + 31 t.; ordinal 2Kgs 8:25 + 6 t.

3. thirteen:
a. שְׁלשָׁה עָשָׂר (with masculine noun) Num 29:14 + 2 t.; ordinal Esth 3:12 + 7 t.
b. שְׁלשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה (with feminine noun) 1Kgs 7:1 + 9 t.; ordinal Gen 14:4 + 2 t.

4. fourteen:
a. אַרְכָּעָה עָשָׂר Gen 46:22 + 13 t.; ordinal Exod 12:6 + 17 t.
b. אַרְבַּע עֶשְׂרֵה Gen 31:41 + 5 t.; ordinal 2Kgs 18:13 + 3 t.

5. fifteen:
a. חֲמִשָּׁה עָשָׂר Hos 3:2 + 3 t.; ordinal Exod 16:1 + 14 t.
b. חֲמֵשֶׁת עָשָׂר Judg 8:10; 2Sam 19:18.
c. חֲמֵשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה 2Kgs 14:17 + 9 t.; ordinal 2Kgs 14:23; 2Chr 15:10. — See also עֶשֶׂר

2 d. 6. sixteen:
a. שִׁשָּׁה עָשָׂר Exod 26:25 + 6 t.; ordinal 1Chr 24:14 + 2 t.
b. שֵׁשׁ עֶשְׂרֵה Gen 46:18 + 13 t.

7. seventeen:
a. שִׁבְעָה עָשָׂר 1Chr 7:11 + 2 t.; ordinal Gen 7:11 + 3 t.
b. שְׁבַע עֶשְׂרֵה Gen 37:2 + 4 t.; ordinal 1Kgs 22:52; 2Kgs 16:1. — See also עֶשֶׂר

3 d. 8. eighteen:
a. שְׁמֹנָה (שְׂמֹנַת) עָשָׂר Gen 14:4 + 10 t.; ordinal 1Chr 24:15; 1Chr 25:25.
b. שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה Judg 3:14 + 6 t.; ordinal 1Kgs 15:1 + 8 t.

9. nineteen:
a. תִּשְׁעָה עָשָׂר 2Sam 2:30 ordinal 1Chr 24:16; 1Chr 25:26.
b. תְּשַׁע עֶשְׂרֵה Gen 11:25; Josh 19:38 ordinal 2Kgs 25:8 = Jer 52:12. These numbers usually take singular of the nouns most often used, שָׁנָה, יוֺם, חֹדֶשׁ, compare (sometimes) אִישׁ, אַמָּךְ, etc.; otherwise plural; rarely (late usage) they follow noun, which is then usually plural, e.g. Num 29:30; Josh 15:51 (P), Ezra 8:35 (twice in verse); Esth 3:13; Esth 8:5, etc. (even שָׁנִים שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה Nah Esth 5:14), but שָׁנָה precedes ordinal 1Kgs 6:38, שְׁנַת 1Kgs 15:1 + 8 t., so יוֺם (c. ordinal) 2Chr 29:17 + 5 t. Esth 9 also יוֺם and (שְׁנַת) שָׁנָה both precede and following ordinal Num 7:72; Num 7:78; 2Kgs 8:25; 2Kgs 9:29; 2Kgs 14:23; 2Kgs 16:1; Jer 32:1; 2Kgs 25:8 = Jer 52:12. — See also Kö^{ii. 1. 211 ff.} Da^{Synt. § 37 a}, also R. 1, 2. Ges^{«GKC:92d»§§ 92d, e}, «GKC:134»134, and especially Herner^{Synt. d. Zahlw-rter im AT {1893}}; on form in הֵ֯ (prob for יַ֯), Ol^{§ 110} Kö^{ii. 1, 427} W^{SG 138}.

Strong's Definition H6240

twelve, fifteen, fifteenth, fourteenth, nineteenth, …

ʿāśār

ten (only in combination), i.e., -teen; also (ordinal) -teenth

ten, -teen (in combination with other numbers)

used only in combination to make the numbers 11–19

Variations 5 forms of this word

Translations 29 English renderings

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Word Parts

וְ חַצְרֵי הֶֽן

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

חַצְרֵי

Root word court, villages, courts, towns

הֶֽן

Suffix — pronoun their / them (women)

Dictionary form: חָצֵר · haw-TSARE

Vowels & Accents

Hebrew Alephbet

Grammar C/Ncbpc/Sp3fp

Noun — Common, both plural, construct state plural — usually add "-s"; "___ of …" — bound to the next word

וְ	Speech Conjunction
חַצְרֵי	Speech Noun Type Common Gender Both Number Plural State Construct
הֶֽן	Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Feminine Number Plural

In English

In the KJV here: with their villages

court ×42 of the court ×34 with their villages ×21 in the court ×14 the court ×9 and their villages ×6 courts ×4 in the courts ×4

More options

courtyard — Best for enclosed temple, palace, or house spaces.

court — Slightly more formal; suits legal or royal settings.

enclosure — Useful when architectural boundaries are emphasized.

settlement — For the 'village/town' sense of unwalled communities.

village — Informal rural community; modernizes KJV 'villages' usage.

hamlet — Small, unfortified community; vivid alternative to 'village'.

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB3047 H2691 H2699

I. חָצֵר₁₄₅ noun masculine^{Ezek 40:23} and (oftener) feminine^{1Kgs 6:36} enclosure, court — absolute ׳ח 1Kgs 7:8 +, חָצֵרָה Jer 36:20 construct חֲצַר Exod 27:9 +; suffix חֲצֵרוֺ 2Sam 17:18 חֲצֵרוֺת Exod 8:9 + 4 t.; construct חַצְרֵי Neh 13:7, הַצְרוֺת 2Kgs 21:5 +10 t.; suffix חֲצֵרָ֑י Isa 1:12; Zech 3:7 חֲצֵרֶיךָ Ps 65:5; Ps 84:11 חֲצֵרוֺתָ֑י 1Chr 28:6 חֲצֵרֹתָיו Ps 100:4, לְחַצְרוֺתָ֑יו Ps 96:8, וּבְחַצְרֹתֵיהֶם Neh 8:16 —

1. enclosures (in Egypt),perhaps court-yards, or cattle-yards, distinct from houses and from fields Exod 8:9 (J).

2. court of private house 2Sam 17:18 (containing well), compare Neh 8:16 of a palace, חָצֵר הָאַחֶרֶת 1Kgs 7:8 the other court, immediately surrounding palace, so called in distinct. from הַגְּדוֺלָה ׳(הֶ)ח v1Kgs 7:9 v1Kgs 7:12 the great court, including ׳הא ׳ח and הַפְּנִימִית ׳הֶח of temple (see 3 b) in one great enclosure (see Sta^{Salomos Bauten, ZAW 1883. 152 f.}); 2Kgs 20:4 (Qr Vrss The Kmp Klo and others; Kt Ke and others הָעִיר), Jer 36:20; Esth 1:5; Esth 2:11; Esth 4:11; Esth 5:1; Esth 5:2; Esth 6:4 (twice in verse); Esth 6:5 מַטָּרָה ׳ח court of guard, place of (honourable) confinement Jer 32:2 (in king's house), vJer 32:8 vJer 32:12; Jer 33:1; Jer 37:21 (twice in verse); Jer 38:6; Jer 38:13; Jer 38:28; Jer 39:14; Jer 39:15. Especially

3. a. court of tabernacle חֲצַר הַמִּשְׁכָּן Exod 27:9, compare vExod 27:9 vExod 27:12 vExod 27:13 + 24 t. Exodus (all P; ׳שַׁעַר הֶח gate of the court Exod 35:17; Exod 38:15; Exod 38:18; Exod 38:31; Exod 39:40; Exod 40:8; Exod 40:33); Lev 6:9; Lev 6:19; Num 3:26 (twice in verse) (פֶּתַח ׳הֶח), vNum 3:37; Num 4:26 (twice in verse) (׳פֶּתַח שַׁעַר הֶח), vNum 4:32 courts of house of ׳י 1Chr 23:28.
b. court(s) of Solomon's temple, inner with הַפְּנִימִית ׳הֶח 1Kgs 6:36; 1Kgs 7:12 (but on text see Sta^{l. c}.) Ezek 8:16; Ezek 10:3 compare vEzek 10:4 = upper with הָעֶלְיוֺן ׳הֶח Jer 36:10 (see Gf), and הַכֹּהֲנִים ׳ח 2Chr 4:9 (where also הָעֲזָרָה הַגְּדוֺלָה, as often Ezek., also דְּלָתוֺת לָעֲזָרָה); outer court ׳הֶח הַחִיצֹנָה Ezek 10:5 = הַחֲדָשָׁה ׳הֶח 2Chr 20:5 see further 1Kgs 8:64 = 2Chr 7:7; 2Chr 24:21; 2Chr 29:16; Jer 19:14; Jer 26:2; Ezek 8:7 two courts 2Kgs 21:5 = 2Chr 33:5; 2Kgs 23:12 courts Ezek 9:7; 1Chr 28:12; 2Chr 23:5; Neh 8:1; Neh 8:6; Neh 13:7 often in poetry, courts of ׳י Isa 1:12; Isa 62:9 (קדשׁי ׳ח), Zech 3:7; Ps 65:5; Ps 84:3; Ps 84:11; Ps 96:8; Ps 100:4; Ps 116:19; Ps 135:2
c. courts of Ezekiel's temple Ezek 40:14 + 38 t. Ezek 40-46 (of these read הַשַּׁעַר for החצר Ezek 40:19; Ezek 40:32 with ᵐ5 Hi Co; and החיצון for החצר Ezek 41:15 with ᵐ5 Ew Co).

**Ezek 42:6 הַחִיצֹנוֺת for הַחֲצֵרוֺת.

BDB3049 H2691 H2699

II. [חָצֵר]₄₆ noun masculine^{Neh 11:25} settled abode, settlement, village (Lag^{l. c}.) — always plural, absolute חֲצֵרִים Josh 19:8 + 5 t.; construct חַצְרֵי 1Chr 9:16; Neh 12:28 suffix חֲצֵרֶיהָ Josh 21:12 + 4 t.; חַצְרֵיהֶם 1Chr 4:33 + 6 t.; חַצְרֵיהֶן Josh 13:23 + 24 t. Joshua; —
a. settlements of Ishmaelites Gen 25:16 (P; || טִירוֺת circles of tents); of עַוִּים Deut 2:23 of Kedar Isa 42:11 (|| עָרִים); בָּתֵּי הַחֲצֵרִים אֲשֶׁר אֵיןלָֿהֶם חֹמָה סָבִיב Lev 25:31 (H), houses of the villages which have no wall about them; מַאֲרַב חֲצֵרִים Ps 10:8 lurking-place(s) of villages (i.e. where oppressor, as a wild beast, watches his opportunity to attack the defenceless). Usu.
b. as dependencies of cities Josh 15:46, with בְּנֹתֶיהָ (see above בַּת 4 p. 123) Josh 15:45; Josh 15:47 (twice in verse) (all J E ?); אֲשֶׁר סְבִיבוֺת הֶעָרִים ׳וְכָלהַֿח Josh 19:8 (P), also Josh 21:12 (P), = 1Chr 6:41; Neh 12:29 also Josh 13:23; Josh 13:28; Josh 15:32 + 23 t. Joshua (all P), Neh 11:25; Neh 11:30 (|| בָּנוֺת vNeh 11:25 vNeh 11:27 etc.), Neh 12:28.
c. villages, not contrasted with cities (compare Isa 42:11 above) 1Chr 9:16; 1Chr 9:22; 1Chr 9:25 (all of Levites).
d. ׳ח apparently including all settlements outside of Jerusalem ׳הַח בִּשְׂדֹתָם Neh 11:25. — ׳ח in proper name, of a location see below (and see Bla on Josh 15:20-32).

Strong's Definition H2691

court, villages, courts, towns

ḥāṣēr

a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)

court, enclosure

enclosures

Variations 54 forms of this word

Translations 47 English renderings

Court