BDB4224 H3782
BDB4223 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4225
כָּשַׁל verb stumble, stagger, totter (Late Hebrew id.; Syriac [] give offence (occasion for stumbling), σκανδαλιζω, (chiefly Ethpe`el Aph`el), see PS Brock Schw; Arabic is be heavy, sluggish); — 1. stumble at, over, something, with
ב (literally
by means of),
Nah 3:3,
׳גִּבּוֺר בְּגִבּוֺר כ Jer 46:13 (+
נָפַל), compare
Lev 26:37 ׳וּנְעָרִיס בָּעֵץ כ Lam 5:13 i.e.
stagger (of toil in captivity); absolute
Isa 5:27 ׅ ||
(עָיֵף,
כָּֽשְׁלוּ וְנָפָ֑לוּ Jer 46:6, compare
׳הִרְבָּה כּוֺשֵׁ֑ל גַּםנָֿפַל אישׁ וגו v
Jer 46:16 (strange;
Gie following in part
ᵐ5 ᵑ6,
עֶרְבְּךָ כָּשַׁל וְנָפַל thy mixed people — compare
Jer 25:20, etc. —
hath stumbled and hath fallen); often figurative of overthrow, throughdivine judgment, with
בְּ at, (see above)
Jer 6:21, so
Isa 8:15 (+
נָפַל etc.) according to
Ges Hi Bhul
Che Di; <
בָּם =
among them, — Israel and Judah, — as
ב in v
Isa 8:16, so
Ew De Du EV;
Hos 4:5 (twice in verse);
Hos 5:5;
Hos 14:2 (
בַּעֲוֺנֶָֽךָ,
בְּ probably instrumental); absolute of Babylon, under figure of
זָדוֺן,
ונפל ׳כ Jer 50:32 ונפל ׳כ Paslm
Jer 27:2;
Isa 3:8;
Isa 31:3 (both ||
נפל); of
אֱמֶת Isa 59:14 in metaphor of anxiety, distress
Isa 59:10, Paslm
Isa 107:12.
2. totter, of knees, literal
מִצּוֺם ׳בִּרְכַּי כ Paslm
Isa 109:24 my knees totter from fasting; figurative
Isa 35:3 (||
יָדַיִם רָפוֺת)
כּוֺשֵׁל tottering one, literal
Job 4:4;
2Chr 28:15 Paslm
2Chr 105:37 hence figurative,
fail, of strength (
כֹּחַ)
Neh 4:4 Paslm
Neh 31:11 — Infinitive absolute
כָּשׁוֺל, see below Niph`al
Niph`al Perfect consecutive
וְנִכְשַׁל Dan 11:9,
וְנִכְשְׁלוּ v
Dan 11:33,
וְנִכְשָׁ֑לוּ v
Dan 11:14 Imperfect יִכָּשֵׁל Ezek 33:12 +
Hos 5:5b (
ᵐ5. as v
a, so
We;
ᵑ0 כָּשַׁל), 2 masculine singular
תִּכָּשֵׁל Prov 4:12,
בִּכָּֽשְׁלוּ Prov 24:17 (yet see
Ges«GKC:51»§ 51, R. 1),
בְּהִכָּֽשְׁלָם Dan 11:34 Participle נִכְשָׁל Zech 12:8 plural
נִכְשָׁלִים 1Sam 2:4 —
1. stumble (=
Qal)
Nah 2:6;
Isa 63:13;
Jer 31:9 usually figurative:
a. of misfortune
Prov 24:17 (||
נפל), negative
Prov 4:12.
b. of divine judgement (with
בְּ at)
Prov 4:19;
Prov 24:16, negative
Ezek 33:12 see also
Hos 14:10 (
בְ location),
Jer 20:11;
Dan 11:14;
Dan 11:35,
יִכָּֽשְׁלוּ וְיאֹבְדוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ Ps 9:4 especially =
be overthrown, of nations, armies, etc.,
Hos 5:5 (with
בַּעֲוֺנָם, compare
Hos 14:2 Qal),
Jer 6:15 ||
נפל, compare
Jer 8:12 (||
id.),
Dan 11:19 ( +
נפל), v
Dan 11:33 (
בְ instrumental), v
Dan 11:34 v
Dan 11:41.
2. be tottering, feeble,
כָּשׁוֺל יִכָּשֵׁ֑לוּ Isa 40:30 (opposed to
יַחֲלִיפוּ כֹחַ v
Isa 40:31); so participle
1Sam 2:4;
Zech 12:8.
Pi`el only apparent,
תְּכַשְּׁלִי Ezek 36:14, read
תְּשַׁכְּלִי with
Qr Vrss EV
Sm Co Da (see also
Hiph`il near the end).
Hiph`il Perfect הִכְשִׁיל Lam 1:14 הִכְשַׁלְתֶּם Mal 2:8 Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix
יַכְשִׁילְךָ 2Chr 25:8 2 feminine singular
תַּכְשִׁלִי Ezek 36:15 (but strike out
ᵐ5 Co; read
תשׁכלי, as v
Ezek 36:14 other
Vrss Sm Da); 3 masculine plural
יַכְשִׁילוּ Prov 4:16 Qr (
Kt see below
Qal),
וַיַּכְשִׁילֻהוּ Paslm
Prov 64:9,
וַיַּכְשִׁלוּם Jer 18:15 (so
ᵑ7;
Gie, after
ᵐ5.
ᵑ6,
וַיִּכְשְׁלוּ, [<
וַיִּכָּֽשִׁלוּ]);
Infinitive construct הַכְשִׁיל 2Chr 25:8, sf
הַכְשִׁילוֺ 2Chr 28:23 —
1. cause to stumble, figurative:
a. =
bring injury or
ruin to, abs
Prov 4:16 of punishment
Ps 64:9 (indefinite subject; si vera lectio; text probably corrupt, see
Che Bae).
b. =
overthrow, of nation, army, etc.,
2Chr 25:8 (followed by
לִפְנֵי אוֺיֵב) compare v
2Chr 25:8 (opposed to
עזר);
cause overthrow 2Chr 28:23. — On
Ezek 36:15 see above
c. morally,
Jer 18:15 (
בְּ local),
Mal 2:8 (
בְּ instrumental).
2. make feeble, weak,
הִכְשִׁיל כֹּחִי Lam 1:14 (of God's dealing with Jerusalem)
Hoph`al only
Participle והיו מֻכְשָׁלִים לְפָנֶיךָ Jer 18:23 either
and let them be ones who have stumbled before thee, i.e. regard them as such (
Hi Gf VB), or
and let them be ones overthrown before thee (Gie; so
Qr according to
Gf). So also in
Ezek 21:20 according to
Co, compare
Sm Da (
ᵑ0 מִכְשֹׁלִים, see
מִכְשׁוֺל).