Lamentations 5:14

The elders have ceased from the gate, the young men from their musick.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

זְקֵנִים֙
זְקֵנִים֙
Root word elders, old, men, ancients, man, …
Dictionary form: זָקֵן · dzaw-KANE

Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the elders
the elders ×40 and the elders ×24 of the elders ×15 the elders of ×11 an old man ×4 and the old ×4 old ×4 unto the elders ×4
More options
elder — Best for community/tribal/civic leaders and councils.
old man — Informal; emphasizes age over social role.
senior — Neutral, modern; suits leadership or age contexts equally.
ancient — Use for poetic or prophetic passages with archaic tone.
aged man — Slightly formal; highlights advanced age with dignity.
village leader — Contextual paraphrase when civic authority is central.

BDB2434 H2205

BDB2433 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB2435

זָקֵן adjective old, absolute ׳ז Gen 19:4 + 30 t. (on distinction from verb see above); construct זְקַן Gen 24:2 plural זְקֵנִים Gen 18:11 + 44 t.; זְקֵנוֺת Zech 8:4 construct זִקְנֵי Gen 50:7 + 85 t.; suffix זְקֵנַי Lam 1:19, זְקֵנֶיךָ Deut 21:2; Deut 32:7, זְקֵנָיו Josh 8:33 + 3 t., זְקֵנֶיהָ Judg 8:14, זְקֵנֵינוּ Exod 10:9; Josh 9:11, זִקְנֵיכֶם Deut 5:20 + 2 t.; —

1. old, of human beings, as adjective predicate Gen 18:11 (J), Job 32:4 (מִמֶּנּוּ לְיָמִים ׳ז, in comparison), or attributive אָב זָקֵן Gen 44:20 (J), ׳אִישׁ ז Judg 19:16; Judg 19:17; Judg 19:20; Judg 19:22, ׳נָבִיא ז 1Kgs 13:11; 1Kgs 13:25; 1Kgs 13:29, ׳מֶלֶךְ ז Eccl 4:13 probably also וּשְׂבַע ימים ׳ז Gen 35:29 (P), Job 42:17 and Gen 25:8 (P) according to ᵐ5 Sam Di; compare also Ezra 3:12.
2. usually as substantive:
  a. old man (or woman),
  b. elder;
  a. old man Gen 43:27 (J), Lev 19:32 (H), Deut 28:50; Deut 32:7 (|| אָב), 1Sam 2:31; 1Sam 2:32; 1Sam 28:14; Isa 47:6; Job 12:20; Job 32:9; Prov 17:6; Prov 20:29; Ps 119:100; Joel 1:2 old men and old women Zech 8:4 (twice in verse); compare זְקַן בֵּיתוֺ Gen 24:2 (J), זִקְנֵי בֵיתוֺ 2Sam 12:17 especially opposed to נַעַר Exod 10:9 (E), Isa 3:5; Isa 20:4; Jer 51:22; Lam 2:21; Ps 148:12, and in phrase מִנַּעַר וְעַד זָקֵן Gen 19:4 (J), Josh 6:21 (JE), Esth 3:13 opposed to ילדים 1Kgs 12:6; 1Kgs 12:8; 1Kgs 12:13 = 2Chr 10:6; 2Chr 10:8; 2Chr 10:13 opposed to בַּחוּרִים Jer 31:13; Ezek 9:6; Joel 3:1, compare 2Chr 36:17 (+ יָשֵׁשׁ) and Jer 6:11 (+ מְלֵא ימים); opposed to עוּל ימים Isa 65:20 opposed to יונקי שׁדים and עוללים Joel 2:16.
  b. usually plural elders, as having authority, term techn. (100 t. +); elders of a people, especially Israel Exod 3:16; Exod 3:18; Exod 12:21 (all J), Exod 17:5; Exod 17:6; Exod 18:12; Exod 19:7; Exod 24:1; Exod 24:9; Exod 24:14; Josh 24:1 (all E), Num 11:16 (twice in verse) (שֹׁטְרָיו), vNum 11:24 vNum 11:25 vNum 11:30; Num 16:25; Josh 7:6; Josh 8:10; Josh 9:11 (all J E), Deut 5:20 (|| רָאשֵׁי שִׁבְטֵיכֶם), Deut 27:1; Deut 29:9 (|| ראשׁי שׁבטיכם, שֹׁטְרֵיכֶם), Deut 31:9; Deut 31:28; Josh 8:33 (|| שֹׁטְרִים וְשֹׁפְטָיו), Josh 23:2 (|| רָאשׁיו, שֹׁפְטָיו, שֹׁטְרָיו); compare also probably Josh 24:31 = Judg 2:7 (all D); Lev 9:1, compare זִקְנֵי הָעֵדָה Lev 4:15 ( both P), Judg 21:16 see also 1Sam 4:3; 1Sam 8:4; 1Sam 15:30; 2Sam 3:17; 2Sam 5:3 = 1Chr 11:3; 2Sam 17:4; 2Sam 17:15; 1Kgs 8:1; 1Kgs 8:3 = 2Chr 5:2; 2Chr 5:4, also 1Chr 15:25; 1Chr 21:16 compare Isa 3:2 (גִּבּוֺר וְאִישׁ מִלְחָמָ֑ה ׳שׁוֺפֵט וְנָבִיא וְקֹסֵם וְז), Isa 9:14 (|| נְשׂוּאפָֿנִים, but see probably gloss, compare Ew Che Di Du and others); elders of one tribe (Judah) 1Sam 30:26; 2Sam 19:12, so of Gilead Judg 11:5; Judg 11:7; Judg 11:8; Judg 11:9; Judg 11:10; Judg 11:11 after the division of the kingdoms, of Northern Israel זקני הארץ 1Kgs 20:7 compare v1Kgs 20:8, also 2Kgs 6:32 (twice in verse); 2Kgs 10:1 (|| שָׂרִים etc.) compare v2Kgs 10:5 under Josiah זקני יְהוּדָה 2Kgs 23:1 = 2Chr 34:29 see also הארץ ׳ז Jer 26:17, compare זקני ארץ Prov 31:23, compare Lam 1:19; Lam 2:10; Lam 4:16; Lam 5:12; Lam 5:14 (|| שׂרים; + שַׁעַר); often in Ezek.: Ezek 7:26 (|| כהן), of Judah Ezek 8:1, of Israel Ezek 8:11; Ezek 8:12; Ezek 14:1; Ezek 20:1; Ezek 20:3, also Ezek 9:6 (but strike out Co). Exilic הַגּוֺלָה ׳ז Jer 29:1 (|| הכהנים, הנביאים); post-exile Ezra 10:8 (|| שׂרים), possibly also Joel 1:14 elders of ׳י Isa 24:23 (compare Exod 24:1; Exod 24:9), זִקְנֵי הַכֹּהֲנִים 2Kgs 19:2 = Isa 37:2, so Jer 19:1 (|| זקני העם); of other peoples, Midian Num 22:4; Num 22:7, Moab vNum 22:7 (all E), Egypt Ps 105:22 (|| שׂרים); of Gebal Ezek 27:9 elders of a city, especially as sitting in the gate to judge Deut 19:12; Deut 21:2 (+ שֹׁפְטֶיךָ) vDeut 21:3 vDeut 21:4 vDeut 21:6 vDeut 21:19 (+ שַׁעַרמְֿקֹמוֺ), vDeut 21:20; Deut 22:15 (+ הַשָּׁ֑עְרָה), vDeut 22:16 vDeut 22:17 vDeut 22:18; Deut 25:7 (+ הַשַּׁ֫עֲרָה), vDeut 25:8 vDeut 25:9 (all in Deuteronomic code, and only so therein), Ruth 4:2; Ruth 4:4; Ruth 4:9; Ruth 4:11 (compare שַׁעַר vRuth 4:1 vRuth 4:11), מוֺשַׁב זְקֵנִים Ps 107:32 (|| קְהַלעָֿ֑ם); Judg 8:14 (|| שׂרים), vJudg 8:16; 1Sam 11:3; 1Sam 16:4; 1Kgs 21:8; 1Kgs 21:11; Ezra 10:14.

elders, old, men, ancients, man, …
zāqēn
old
  • old
    • old (of humans)
    • "elder (of those having authority)

מִ שַּׁ֣עַר
מִ
Prefix — preposition from, out of
שַּׁ֣עַר
Root word gate, gates, cities, city, door, …
Dictionary form: שַׁעַר · sha-AR

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: from the gate
gate ×87 of the gate ×51 the gate ×33 in the gate ×22 the gates ×20 gates ×9 of the gates ×9 and the gates ×8
More options
gate — Most versatile; fits city, temple, or palace contexts.
city gate — Clarifies civic setting where elders judged or traded.
gateway — Emphasizes the passage or threshold, not just the door.
entrance — Broader; good when physical opening matters more than structure.
portal — Slightly elevated register; suits poetic or liturgical passages.
door — Use only for smaller, household-scale openings in context.

BDB10020 H8179 H8651

BDB10019 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB10021

תְּרַע noun [masculine] gate, door (ᵑ7 Syriac; Biblical Hebrew שַׁ֫עַר, √I. שׁער); — construct ׳ת:

1. door of furnace Dan 3:26.
2. gate of king, i.e. palace, court, Dan 2:29 (compare Esth 2:19, see שַׁ֫עַר 3 a; also Arabic gate, then the court of a sovereign; plural Sublime Porte, of Turkish court, see especially Dozyi. 124).


BDB6016 H5869 H5871 H5878 H5875 H5883 H5886 H8179

BDB6015 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6017

II. עַ֫יִן noun feminine spring (of water) (connection with I. ׳ע dubious; Late Hebrew id., Phoenician ען; Assyrian ênu, înu; Arabic ; Ethiopic ; Palmyrene עינא, ᵑ7 עֵינָא, עַיְינָא; Syriac ); — absolute ׳ע 1Sam 29:1 +, עָ֑יִן Gen 49:22 +, הָעַ֫יְנָה Gen 24:16; Gen 24:45 construct עֵין vGen 24:13 +; plural עֲיָנֹת Deut 8:7, וֺת- 2Chr 32:3 construct עֵינוֺת Exod 15:27 = Num 33:9, עִינוֺת Prov 8:28 (Ges«GKC:93v»§ 93v); — spring Gen 16:7; Gen 24:16; Gen 24:29; Gen 24:30; Gen 24:42; Gen 24:45 (all J) Gen 49:22 (poem in J), 1Sam 29:1 עֵין חַמַּיִם Gen 16:7; Gen 24:13; Gen 24:43 (J), compare Exod 15:27 (J) Num 33:9 (P); ׳נַחֲלֵי מַיִם ע וּתְחֹמֹת Deut 8:7 מֵימֵי הָעֲיָנוֺת 2Chr 32:3 תְּהוֺם ׳ְ Prov 8:28 (i.e. of the sea); figurative עֵין יַעֲקֹב Deut 33:28 (poem), i.e. Jacob's descendants. Particular springs are:
  a. חֲרֹד ׳ע Judg 7:1 (on location compare GFM).
  b. הַקּוֺרֵא ׳ע (partridge-spring) Judg 15:19 (compare id.).
  c. רֹגֵּל ׳ע near Jerusalem (early sanctuary RSSem i. 157, 2nd ed. 172) 2Sam 17:17 compare 1Kgs 1:2, on border of Judah Josh 15:7, and Benjamin Josh 18:16.
  d. הַתַּנִּין ׳ע (dragon-spring) Neh 2:13 (= c ? so RSl.c.). — On שַׁעַר הָעַיִן Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 see שַׁעַר


BDB8929 H8179 H5869

BDB8928 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8930

שַׁ֫עַר373 noun masculine2Sam 18:24 (feminineIsa 14:31 in personification, AlbrZAW xvi (1896), 86) gate; — ׳שׁ absolute Judg 9:40 +, construct Gen 22:17 +; with ה locative, שָׁ֑עְרָה Isa 28:6 +; plural שְׁעָרִים 2Sam 18:24 +, construct שַׁעֲרֵי 1Sam 17:52 +; suffix שְׁעָרֶיךָ Deut 12:15 +, שַׁעֲרֵיהֶם Ezek 21:20; Ezek 48:34, etc.; —

1. a. gate, entrance to city, shut (סָגַר) by night Josh 2:5; Josh 2:7 (JE), compare Isa 45:1, opened (פָּתַח) by day Neh 7:3, compare Isa 60:11 for entrance (בּוֺא), and exit (יָצָא) Jer 17:19; Jer 17:20; Jer 17:21; Jer 17:24; Jer 17:25; Jer 17:27; Lam 4:12; Ezek 26:10 +; ׳עָבַר שׁ Mic 2:13 pass out through (disregard accents), ׳בַּשׁ ׳ע Isa 62:10 with bars Ps 147:13 attacked Ezek 21:20; Ezek 21:27, compare Isa 28:6; Mic 1:9; Mic 1:12; 1Sam 17:52 on Judg 5:8; Judg 5:11 see Commentaries; burned (by foe) Jer 19:27; Jer 51:58; Neh 1:3; Neh 2:3; Neh 2:13; Neh 2:17 as giving control, possession, of city, אֹיְבָיו ׳יָרַשׁ אֵת שׁ Gen 22:17; Gen 24:60 (J); ׳פֶּתַח הַשּׁ Judg 9:40 + (see ׳פ), ׳דַּלְתוֺת הַשּׁ 1Sam 21:14 + (see ׳ד 3); ׳פֶּתַחהַֿשּׁ Judg 18:16; Judg 18:17 of farm or village; so of camp Exod 32:26; Exod 32:27 (J). In cities, elaborate structure, with roof 2Sam 18:24, upper chamber 2Sam 19:1 compare שְׂאוּ שְׁעָרִים רָאשֵׁיכֶם Ps 24:7; Ps 24:9 write laws ׳בִּשׁ Deut 6:9 ( + עַלמְֿזֻזוֺת בֵּיתֶ֑ךָ), Deut 11:20 (+id..); ׳בְּתוֺךְ הַשּׁ 1Sam 9:18, ׳אֶלאתּוֺךְ הַשּׁ 2Sam 3:27 ׳(לְ)יַד שׁ as public, 1Sam 4:18, + v1Sam 4:13 ᵐ5 Th We Dr and others, compare 2Sam 15:2; 2Sam 18:4; Prov 8:3 (|| מְבוֺא פְתָחִים).
  b. particular gates of Jerusalem are: (1) אֶפְרַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23; Neh 8:16; Neh 12:39 (2) הָאַשְׁפֹּת ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 3:14; Neh 12:31 = הָֽשְׁפוֺת ׳שׁ Neh 3:13 (3) בִּנְיָמִין ׳שׁ Jer 37:13; Jer 38:7; Zech 14:10 (4) הַגַּיִא ׳שׁ Neh 2:13; Neh 2:15; Neh 3:13; 2Chr 26:9 (5) הַדָּגִים ׳שׁ Zeph 1:10; Neh 3:3; Neh 12:39; 2Chr 33:14 (6) בֵּין הַחֹמֹתַיִם ׳שׁ 2Kgs 25:4 = Jer 52:7 compare Jer 39:4 (7) החרסות ׳שׁ Jer 19:2 (8) הַיְשָׁנָה ׳שׁ Neh 3:6; Neh 12:39 (9) הַמִּזְרָךְ ׳שׁ Neh 3:29 (10) הַמַּטָּרָה ׳שׁ Neh 12:39 (11) ׳הַמָּ֑יִם שׁ Neh 8:1; Neh 8:3; Neh 8:16 (12) הַמַּיִם לַמִּזְרָ֑ח ׳שׁ Neh 3:26,compare Neh 12:37 (13) הַמִּפְקָ֑ד ׳שׁ Neh 3:31 (14) הָעַיִן ׳שׁ Neh 2:14; Neh 3:15; Neh 12:37 (15) הַסּוּסִים ׳שׁ Jer 31:40; Neh 3:28 (compare 3 b); (16) הַפִּנָּה ׳שׁ 2Kgs 14:13 || 2Chr 25:23 (read הַפִּנָּה for הַפּוֺנֶה), Jer 31:38; 2Chr 26:9 probably = הַפִּנִּים ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 (17) הַצּאֹן ׳שׁ Neh 3:1; Neh 3:32; Neh 12:39 (18) הָרִאשׁוֺן ׳שׁ Zech 14:10 — on sites and related to each other see RS-GASmEncy. Bib. JERUSALEM ConderHast. DB id. BuhlG 133 ff. BdPal. under the word MurrayHd. Bk, under the word BeRyNe p. 182 ff. GuZPV, especially v (1882). 7 ff. viii (1885), 245 ff. Comm.on the passage variant reading
  c. of Ezekiel's holy city, שַׁעֲרֵי הָעִיר Ezek 48:31, three on each side, named for tribes, vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 vEzek 48:31 + 12 t. Ezek 48.
2. a. gate = space inside gate, as public meeting-place, market 2Kgs 7:1; 2Kgs 7:18, place of public well 2Sam 23:15; 2Sam 23:16 = 1Chr 11:17; 1Chr 11:18, where elders, judges, king, sat officially Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Amos 5:12; Amos 5:15; Isa 29:21; 2Sam 18:24; 2Sam 19:9; 1Kgs 22:10 = 2Chr 18:9; Gen 19:1 (J) Prov 24:7; Job 5:4; Job 31:21; Ruth 4:1 (twice in verse); Prov 31:23; Prov 31:31, etc.; of conqueror Jer 1:15 apparently = ׳רְחוֺב שׁ Gen 19:2 (J) Neh 8:16; 1Chr 9:16 + (see I. ׳ר); Gen 34:20 (P) one came unto gate (בָּא אֶלֿ), so ׳בָּאֵי שׁ Gen 23:10; Gen 23:18 (P) those entering the gate, i.e. having citizens' rights; also went out (to), ׳יָצָא שׁ Job 29:7 (i.e., in this case, from his own house, outside the city), hence ׳כָּליֹֿצְאֵי שׁ Gen 34:24 (twice in verse) (P; compare also הוֺצִיא אֶלֿ Deut 21:19; Deut 22:15; Deut 22:24); hence = body of citizens, עַמִּי׳כָּלשֿׁ Ruth 3:11.
  b. hence also = city Isa 14:31 (|| עִיר), Ps 87:2, etc.
  c. specifically in Deuteronomy, בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ in thy gates, i.e. thy cities, towns, etc., Deut 5:14 = Exod 20:10; Deut 12:12; Deut 12:15; Deut 12:17; Deut 12:21 + 22 t. Deuteronomy + 1Kgs 8:37 (read ׳בְּאַחַד שׁ, compare Deut 18:6; Deut 23:17, so ᵐ5 ᵑ6 modern), so || 2Chr 6:28, + (perhaps) Jer 14:2 (but Jer 15:7; Nah 3:13 figurative of gates as entrance to land); of private house, שַׁעֲרֵי צַדִּיק Prov 14:19 (perhaps compare Judg 18:16 1 a above).
3. a. gate of royal castle or palace 2Kgs 9:31; Jer 22:2; Jer 22:4; Neh 2:8; Esth 2:19 + 10 t. Esther; specifically (of king of Judah), סוּר ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:6 = הַיְסוֺד ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:5 (see ׳ס, ׳יס), הָרָצִים ׳שׁ 2Kgs 11:19, ׳אַחַר הָר ׳הַשּׁ v2Kgs 11:6 ׳הַסּוּסִים בֵּית הַמּ ׳שׁ 2Chr 23:15 ( = ׳מְבוֺא הַסּ || 2Kgs 11:16); apparently of official residence, יְהוֺשֻׁעַ ׳פֶּתַח שׁ 2Kgs 23:8.
  b. of temple Jer 7:2 (twice in verse); 1Chr 9:23; 1Chr 16:42 + 12 t. Chronicles, including ׳שַׁעֲרֵי מַחֲנוֺת י 2Chr 31:2 (see מַחֲנֶה 1, p. 334), compare Ps 100:4; Ps 118:20, שַׁעֲרֵי צֶדֶק vPs 100:19 specifically בִּנְיָמִין הָעֶלְיוֺן ׳שׁ Jer 20:2, and (omit ׳בִּנְי) 2Kgs 15:35 = 2Chr 27:3; Ezek 9:2; 2Chr 23:20, הֶחָדָשׁ ׳(בֵּית) י ׳שׁ Jer 26:10; Jer 36:10, הַפְּנִימִית הַפּוֺנֶה ׳שׁ צָפוֺנָה Ezek 8:3 compare vEzek 8:14, Ezek 8:5, הַקַּדְמֹנִי ׳הַמִּזְבֵּחַ שַׁעַר בֵּית י ׳שׁ Ezek 10:19; Ezek 11:1 שַׁלֶּכֶת ׳שׁ 1Chr 26:16 שַׁעַר הַמֶּלֶח 1Chr 9:18.
  c. of Ezekiel's temple and courts Ezek 40:3; Ezek 40:6; Ezek 44:11; Ezek 44:17 + 67 t. Ezek 40-47.
  d. of court of tabernacle (P), הֶחָצֵר ׳שׁ Exod 27:16; Exod 35:17 + 6t. Exodus + Num 4:36.
4. figurative הַשָּׁמַיִם ׳זֶה שׁ Gen 28:17 (E; || בֵּית אֱלֹהִים); plural שַׁעֲרֵי שְׁאוֺל Isa 38:10 מָֿוֶת׳שׁ Job 38:17; Ps 9:14; Ps 107:18 צַלְמָוֶת ׳שׁ Job 38:17.

gate, gates, cities, city, door, …
šaʿar
an opening, i.e., door or gate
  • gate
    • gate (of entrance)
    • "gate (of space inside gate, i.e., marketplace, public meeting place)
      • city, town
      gate (of palace, royal castle, temple, court of tabernacle)"Heaven, Sheol (figuratively)

שָׁבָ֔תוּ
שָׁבָ֔תוּ
Root word cease, rest, ceased, ceaseth, rested, …
Dictionary form: שָׁבַת · shaw-BAHT

Verb — Qal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural simple action — "he did" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: have ceased
to cease ×17 cease ×4 ceased ×4 shall cease ×4 ceaseth ×3 thou shalt rest ×3 rest ×2 to fail ×2
More options
cease — Most direct equivalent; fits most narrative and legal contexts.
stop — Colloquial and immediate; good for action-focused passages.
rest — Captures sabbath-rest nuance; prefer in worship or Sabbath contexts.
come to an end — Emphasizes finality; suits poetic or prophetic passages.
discontinue — Formal register; fits legal or covenantal instructions.
put an end to — Transitive use; when a subject actively terminates something.

BDB8451 H7673

BDB8450 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8452

שָׁבַת71 verb cease, desist, rest (As šabâtu, probably cease, be completed DlWB ZimKAT 3. 593 (JenZA iv (1889), 277 f. is sceptical); Arabic cut off, interrupt; Late Hebrew has שֶׁבֶת neglect, etc., Aramaic שִׁבְתָּא cost of nealect); —

Qal27 Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳שׁ Gen 2:3 +; 3 plural שָׁבָ֑תוּ Lam 5:14, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁבּוֺת Hos 7:4 יִשְׁבֹּת Prov 22:10 + 2 t.; 3 feminine singular תִּשְׁבֹּת Lev 26:35 תִּשְׁבַּת vLev 26:34; Neh 6:3 +, etc.; —
1. cease: (absolute 13 t.) of seasons Gen 8:22 (J); manna Josh 5:12 (P), etc., Isa 14:4 (twice in verse); Neh 6:3 +; with מִן Hos 7:4 + 3 t.
2. desist from labour, rest:
  a. with מִן (of god) Gen 2:2; Gen 2:3 (P).
  b. מִן omitted, ב temporal Exod 23:12 (E), Exod 16:30; Exod 34:21 (J), Exod 31:17 (P); ׳בֶּחָרִישׁ וּבַקָּצִיר שׁ Exod 34:21 (J; i.e., even in these busy seasons).
  c. land in 7th year Lev 26:34; Lev 26:35 (twice in verse) (H), 2Chr 36:21. — Lev 23:32; Lev 25:2 see [ שָׁבַת] verb denominative below Niph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular נִשְׁבַּת Isa 17:3 + 2 t.; plural נִשְׁבְּתוּ Ezek 6:6cease: absolute Ezek 6:6; Ezek 30:18; Ezek 33:28 with מִן Isa 17:3. Hiph`il40 Perfect 3 masculine singular הִשְׁבִּית Ruth 4:14 +; 2 masculine singular הִשְׁבַּתָּ Ps 89:45; Ps 119:119, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַשְׁבִּיתּ Prov 18:18; Dan 9:27 וַיַּשְׁבֵּת 2Kgs 23:11; 2Chr 16:5, etc.; Infinitive construct הַשְׁבִּית Ps 8:3 לַשְׁבִּית Amos 8:4 (Ges«GKC:53q»§ 53q); Imperative masculine plural הַשְׁבִּ֫יתוּ Isa 30:11 Participle מַשְׁבִּית Jer 16:9; Ps 46:10
1. cause to cease, put an end to: with accusative mirth Hos 2:13, work 2Chr 16:5; Neh 4:5 sacrifice Dan 9:27 war Ps 46:10, compare Isa 13:11; Ezek 7:24; Prov 18:18 + 6 t., + קוֺל שָׂשׂוֺן מִן ׳הִשׁ Jer 7:34; Jer 16:9, compare Jer 48:33.
2. = exterminate, destroy: with accusative 2Kgs 23:5; 2Kgs 23:11; Amos 8:4 (Now conjectures העשׁקים), Hos 1:4; Ps 8:3; Ps 119:119 with accusative + מִן, Jer 36:29, מִן הָאָרֶץ Lev 26:6 (H), Ezek 34:25 אלילים Ezek 30:13; Deut 32:26.
3. cause to desist from: with מִן Ezek 16:41; Ezek 34:10; Exod 5:5 (E = give rest from); לְבִלְתִּי infinitive Josh 22:25 (P).
4. remove ( = מִן הֵסִיר): with מִן Ezek 23:27; Ezek 23:48; Ps 89:45 (text dubious: read הִשְׁבַּתּוֺ [
3.] ᵐ5 Du; מַטֵּה הֹדוֺ Herz Che, see also below טֳהָר); leaven מבתים Exod 12:15 (P); מִפָּנֵינוּ ׳ישׂר ׳אֶחקֿ ׳הַשׁ Isa 30:11.
5. cause to fail, let be lacking: salt מֵעַל מִנְחָתֶ֑ךָ Lev 2:12 (P); accusative pers + ל person Jer 48:35; Ruth 4:14.


BDB8454 H7673

BDB8453 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8455

[שָׁבַת] verb denominative keep, observe (sabbath); —

Qal, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb; Perfect 3 feminine singular וְשָֽׁבְתָה הָאָרֶץ ׳שַׁבָּת לי Lev 25:2 2 masculine plural מֵעֶרֶב עַדעֶֿרֶב תִּשְׁבְּתוּ שַׁבַּתְּכֶ֑ם Lev 23:32 (P).

cease, rest, ceased, ceaseth, rested, …
šābat
to repose, i.e., desist from exertion; used in many implied relations (causative, figurative or specific)
  • to cease, desist, rest
    • (Qal)
      • to cease
      • "to rest, desist (from labor)
      (Niphal) to cease"(Hiphil)
      • to cause to cease, put an end to
      • "to exterminate, destroy"to cause to desist from"to remove"to cause to fail
    (Qal) to keep or observe the sabbath

בַּחוּרִ֖ים
בַּחוּרִ֖ים
Root word men, man, chosen, young
Dictionary form: בָּחוּר · baw-HOOR

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the young men
young men ×7 the young men ×3 their young men ×3 and my young men ×2 and the young men ×2 both young men ×2 her young men ×2 of young men ×2
More options
young man — Core meaning; singular base form, broadly applicable.
youth — Slightly more literary; emphasizes age over gender.
young adult — Modern, inclusive-register; stresses transitional life stage.
bachelor — Highlights unmarried status implied in some contexts.
able-bodied man — Emphasizes vigor or military fitness in warrior contexts.
chosen one — Foregrounds the 'selected/elite' nuance of the root בחר.

BDB1006 H970

BDB1005 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB1007

בָּחוּר noun masculine young man Isa 62:5 + 7 t.; plural בַּחוּרִים (intensive with daghesh forte implicit) Prov 20:29 + 13 t.; construct בַּחוּרֵי Ezek 23:6 + 4 t.; suffix בַּחוּרַי etc. Lam 1:18 + 16 t.; — young man (choice, in the prime of manhood) 1Sam 9:2; Eccl 11:9; Isa 62:5 collective young men Jer 15:8 בָּחוּר וּבְתוּלָה young men and virgins Deut 32:25; 2Chr 36:17; Jer 51:22; Ezek 9:6 usually plural Judg 14:10; Ruth 3:10; 1Sam 8:16; 2Kgs 8:12; 2Chr 36:17; Prov 20:29; Isa 9:17; Isa 31:8; Isa 40:30; Jer 9:20; Jer 11:22; Jer 18:21; Jer 48:15; Jer 49:26; Jer 50:3; Jer 51:3; Jer 5:13; Jer 5:14; Jer 30:17; Joel 3:1; Amos 2:11; Amos 4:10 || בתולות Ps 78:63; Ps 148:12; Isa 23:4; Jer 31:13; Lam 1:18; Lam 2:21; Amos 8:13; Zech 9:17.

men, man, chosen, young
bāḥûr
properly, selected, i.e., a youth (often collective)
  • youth, young man

מִ נְּגִינָתָֽ ם
מִ
Prefix — preposition from, out of
נְּגִינָתָֽ
Root word neginoth, song, songs, instruments, musick, …
ם
Suffix — pronoun their / them
Dictionary form: נְגִינָה · neh-ɡee-NAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word

In the KJV here: from their musick
on neginoth ×6 against me and i was the song ×1 and their song ×1 from their musick ×1 i their song ×1 me therefore we will sing my songs ×1 my song ×1 neginah ×1
More options
song — Broadest rendering; fits most poetic and liturgical contexts.
stringed-instrument music — Emphasizes the instrumental performance aspect.
melody — Highlights the musical/tonal quality over lyrics.
taunt-song — Use when context is mockery or derision (e.g. Job 30:9).
psalm — Prefer in formal worship or superscription contexts.
musical poem — Captures both literary and performative dimensions.

BDB4974 H5058

BDB4973 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4975

[נְגִינָה] noun feminine music; — absolute נְגִינַת Ps 61:1 (see below); suffix נְגִינָתִי Ps 77:7 נְגִינָתָם Job 30:9 + 2 t.; plural נְגִינוֺת Ps 4:1 + 6 t.; נְגִינָתַי Isa 38:20 תָ֑י- Hab 3:19

1. music (of stringed instrument) accusative of congnate meaning with verb Isa 38:20 as occupation Lam 5:14 especially בִּנְגִינוֺת in Psalm-titles; Ps 4:1; Ps 6:1; Ps 54:1; Ps 55:1; Ps 67:1; Ps 76:1 so Hab 3:19 compare עַלנְֿגִינַת Ps 61:1 (read perhaps plural Ges«GKC:80f»§ 80f.).
2. song (with string accompare?) Ps 77:7 subject of mocking song Job 30:9 (|| מִלָּה), Ps 69:13 (שׁוֺתֵי שֵׁכָר ׳נ), Lam 3:14 (|| שְׂחֹק).

neginoth, song, songs, instruments, musick, …
nĕgînâ
properly, instrumental music; by implication, a stringed instrument; by extension, a poem set to music; specifically, an epigram
  • music, song, taunt song
    • music (of stringed instrument)
    • "song
      • taunting or mocking song

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
זְקֵנִים֙ Pashta — a lesser break מִשַּׁ֣עַר שָׁבָ֔תוּ Zaqef Qatan — a strong break בַּחוּרִ֖ים Tipeha — a lesser break מִנְּגִינָתָֽם Silluq — end of the verse

זְקֵנִים מִשַּׁעַר שָׁבָתוּ בַּחוּרִים מִנְּגִינָתָֽם׃
14
The elders have ceased from the gate, the young men from their musick.
Cross References

Jeremiah 7:34

וְהִשְׁבַּתִּי׀ מֵעָרֵי יְהוּדָה וּמֵֽחֻצוֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַם קוֹל שָׂשׂוֹן וְקוֹל שִׂמְחָה קוֹל חָתָן וְקוֹל כַּלָּה כִּי לְחָרְבָּה תִּהְיֶה הָאָֽרֶץ׃
34
Then will I cause to cease from the cities of Judah, and from the streets of Jerusalem, the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride: for the land shall be desolate.

Isaiah 24:7

אָבַל תִּירוֹשׁ אֻמְלְלָה-גָפֶן נֶאֶנְחוּ כָּל-שִׂמְחֵי-לֵֽב׃
7
The new wine mourneth, the vine languisheth, all the merryhearted do sigh.

Revelation 18:22

καὶ φωνὴ κιθαρῳδῶν καὶ μουσικῶν καὶ αὐλητῶν καὶ σαλπιστῶν οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι καὶ πᾶς τεχνίτης πάσης τέχνης οὐ μὴ εὑρεθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι καὶ φωνὴ μύλου οὐ μὴ ἀκουσθῇ ἐν σοὶ ἔτι
22
And the voice of harpers, and musicians, and of pipers, and trumpeters, shall be heard no more at all in thee; and no craftsman, of whatsoever craft he be, shall be found any more in thee; and the sound of a millstone shall be heard no more at all in thee;

Ezekiel 26:13

וְהִשְׁבַּתִּי הֲמוֹן שִׁירָיִךְ וְקוֹל כִּנּוֹרַיִךְ לֹא יִשָּׁמַע עֽוֹד׃
13
And I will cause the noise of thy songs to cease; and the sound of thy harps shall be no more heard.

Job 30:31

וַיְהִי לְאֵבֶל כִּנֹּרִי וְעֻגָבִי לְקוֹל בֹּכִֽים׃
31
My harp also is turned to mourning, and my organ into the voice of them that weep.

Deuteronomy 16:18

שֹֽׁפְטִים וְשֹֽׁטְרִים תִּֽתֶּן-לְךָ בְּכָל-שְׁעָרֶיךָ אֲשֶׁר יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵן לְךָ לִשְׁבָטֶיךָ וְשָֽׁפְטוּ אֶת-הָעָם מִשְׁפַּט-צֶֽדֶק׃
18
Judges and officers shalt thou make thee in all thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee, throughout thy tribes: and they shall judge the people with just judgment.

Job 30:1

וְעַתָּה׀ שָֽׂחֲקוּ עָלַי צְעִירִים מִמֶּנִּי לְיָמִים אֲשֶׁר-מָאַסְתִּי אֲבוֹתָם לָשִׁית עִם-כַּלְבֵי צֹאנִֽי׃
1
But now they that are younger than I have me in derision, whose fathers I would have disdained to have set with the dogs of my flock.

Isaiah 3:2

גִּבּוֹר וְאִישׁ מִלְחָמָה שׁוֹפֵט וְנָבִיא וְקֹסֵם וְזָקֵֽן׃
2
The mighty man, and the man of war, the judge, and the prophet, and the prudent, and the ancient,

Lamentations 2:10

יֵשְׁבוּ לָאָרֶץ יִדְּמוּ זִקְנֵי בַת-צִיּוֹן הֶֽעֱלוּ עָפָר עַל-רֹאשָׁם חָגְרוּ שַׂקִּים הוֹרִידוּ לָאָרֶץ רֹאשָׁן בְּתוּלֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃
10
The elders of the daughter of Zion sit upon the ground, and keep silence: they have cast up dust upon their heads; they have girded themselves with sackcloth: the virgins of Jerusalem hang down their heads to the ground.

Lamentations 1:19

קָרָאתִי לַֽמְאַהֲבַי הֵמָּה רִמּוּנִי כֹּהֲנַי וּזְקֵנַי בָּעִיר גָּוָעוּ כִּֽי-בִקְשׁוּ אֹכֶל לָמוֹ וְיָשִׁיבוּ אֶת-נַפְשָֽׁם׃
19
I called for my lovers, but they deceived me: my priests and mine elders gave up the ghost in the city, while they sought their meat to relieve their souls.

Job 29:7

בְּצֵאתִי שַׁעַר עֲלֵי-קָרֶת בָּרְחוֹב אָכִין מוֹשָׁבִֽי׃
7
When I went out to the gate through the city, when I prepared my seat in the street!

Lamentations 1:4

דַּרְכֵי צִיּוֹן אֲבֵלוֹת מִבְּלִי בָּאֵי מוֹעֵד כָּל-שְׁעָרֶיהָ שֽׁוֹמֵמִין כֹּהֲנֶיהָ נֶאֱנָחִים בְּתוּלֹתֶיהָ נּוּגוֹת וְהִיא מַר-לָֽהּ׃
4
The ways of Zion do mourn, because none come to the solemn feasts: all her gates are desolate: her priests sigh, her virgins are afflicted, and she is in bitterness.

Jeremiah 16:9

כִּי כֹה אָמַר יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הִנְנִי מַשְׁבִּית מִן-הַמָּקוֹם הַזֶּה לְעֵינֵיכֶם וּבִֽימֵיכֶם קוֹל שָׂשׂוֹן וְקוֹל שִׂמְחָה קוֹל חָתָן וְקוֹל כַּלָּֽה׃
9
For thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel; Behold, I will cause to cease out of this place in your eyes, and in your days, the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride.

Jeremiah 25:10

וְהַאֲבַדְתִּי מֵהֶם קוֹל שָׂשׂוֹן וְקוֹל שִׂמְחָה קוֹל חָתָן וְקוֹל כַּלָּה קוֹל רֵחַיִם וְאוֹר נֵֽר׃
10
Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the candle.