BDB8819 H8085
BDB8818 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8820
שָׁמַע1159 verb hear (Late Hebrew id.; Phoenician שמע Lzb378; Assyrian šemû; Arabic ; Sabean סמע mostly in derivatives, especially epithet of divinity סמע he who hears HomChr 124 FellZMG liv (1900), 250, 252 DHMHofmus. No. 10, 1. 1; Ethiopic Aramaic שְׁמַע, , Old Aramaic שמע Lzb378; compare also משמעת MI28 obedience); — Qal1052 Perfect 3 masculine singular
׳שׁ Gen 24:52 +,
שָׁמֵ֑עַ Jer 36:13 + 3 t.; 2 feminine singular
שָׁמַ֫עַתְּ 1Kgs 1:11 + 2 t.; 3 plural
שָׁמֵ֑עוּ Judg 2:17 +, etc.;
Imperfect 3 masculine singular
יִשְׁמַע Exod 6:30 +, 1 singular cohortative
אֶשְׁמְעָה Num 9:8,
וָאֶשְׁמְָעָה (on
ְָ֯ compare Ges«GKC:10h»§ 10h; Ol§ 65 c question reading) Dan 8:13 2 masculine plural תִּשְׁמְע֔וּן Deut 8:20 +, תִּשְׁמָע֔וּן Deut 1:17, etc.; Imperative masculine singular שְׁמַע Amos 7:16 +, שִׁמְעָךְ Job 32:10 + (especially Psalms), שְׁמָ֨עָךְ֨ Dan 9:19 feminine plural שְׁמַעְנָה Isa 32:9; Jer 9:19, שְׁמַ֫עַן Gen 4:23 (Ges«GKC:46f»§ 46f), etc.; Infinitive absolute שָׁמוֺעַ Isa 6:9 +; construct שְׁמֹעַ 1Sam 15:22 +; suffix שָׁמְעו Deut 29:18 +, שָׁמְעָתוֺ Isa 30:19 (Gen 18:10 + etc.; — 1. subject human person (or thing personified):
a. hear (perceive by ear), accusative of thing, especially
קוֺל Gen 3:10 (
J) + 46 t.,
דבר(יםׅ Amos 8:11 + 50 t., etc.; accusative
חָכְמָה i.e. wise sayings
1Kgs 5:14 + 4 t.; so any utterance or sound (approximately 150 t. in all) + (object omitted)
Deut 4:33 + 32 t. + (temporal clause)
1Sam 14:27 + 6 t.; very rarely with
ב,
׳בְּסוֺד י ׳שׁ Job 15:8 with object clause,
׳כִּ Exod 4:31 + 52 t. +
Isa 39:1b (read
׳כִּי שׁ ᵐ5 ᵑ7 ||
2Kgs 20:12),
אֶתאֲֿשֶׁר Josh 2:10;
Josh 5:1 (both
RD),
מַהֹֿ֯ Judg 7:11 +3 t.; without connect.
אֹתָהּ ׳שׁ עָשִׂיתִי 2Kgs 19:25 =
Isa 37:26 singular oratio recta [direct speech]
Isa 40:28;
Zech 8:23.
b. accusative of person +
מְדַבֵּר hear one
speaking Gen 27:6 (
J),
Jer 26:7;
Dan 8:13, so
בֹּכֶה Num 11:10 (
J),
נִבָּא Jer 20:1 מְקַלְלֶ֑ךָ Eccl 7:21 occas. pears. omitted,
דֹּבְרִים Gen 37:17 (
JE),
אֶתמִֿדַּבֵּר Ezek 2:2;
Ezek 43:6 (see
דבר Hithpa`el); accusative of person only
Dan 12:7.
c. with
לֵאמֹר only,
hear say = hear it said,
1Sam 13:4;
2Sam 19:3;
Deut 13:13;
Josh 22:11 (
P),
1Kgs 16:16 +
עַל person
concerning Gen 41:15 (
E),
Isa 37:9 אֶל person
id. 2Kgs 19:9.
d. hear of, concerning: (1) accusative of thing,
אֵת(כָּלֿ)אֲשֶׁר Exod 18:1;
2Kgs 19:11 + 5 t.,
דבר(יםׅ 1Sam 3:11 + 4 t.,
רָעָה Jer 19:3 + 5 t., etc.;
כַּאֲשֶׁר 1Sam 23:11;
Ps 48:9,
כָּואֹת Isa 66:8 hear of anything like this,
כָּאֵלֶּךְ Jer 18:13 accusative, etc., omitted
Judg 9:46 + 43 t.; (2) less often accusative of person
Job 42:5,
אֶל person
Ezek 19:4, person omitted
Deut 9:2 with
ב person
hear exultantly of their fate
Ps 92:12 (probably imitated from ||
הִכִּיט בְּ v
a; see especially
ראךְ 8 a (6)).
e. hear, absolute, = have power to hear,
2Sam 19:36 (with
בְּקוֺל ),
Isa 21:3;
Isa 32:3;
Prov 20:12;
Zech 7:11 in simile
Ps 38:15 with negative of idols
Deut 4:28;
Ps 115:6 figurative (spiritual power)
Jer 5:21;
Deut 29:8;
Ezek 12:2;
Isa 42:20. —
Prov 21:28 is probably corrupt, see Toy.
feminine hear with attention, interest, listen to (sometimes ||
חֶאֱןין),
חִקְשִׁיב accusative
דבר(יםׅ (54 t.)
Amos 4:1 +, especially
׳דבר(י) י Num 12:6 (
JE) + 45 t.;
אִמְרָה Isa 28:23,
קוֺל v
Isa 28:23,
זאֹת Mic 3:9, etc.; often absolute
Judg 5:3 + 57 t., + (negative)
Ps 38:14 pay no attention; absolute
לֵב שֹׁמֵעַ 1Kgs 3:9,
אִישׁ שֹׁטֵעַ Prov 21:28.
g. understand (language),
שָׂפָחךְ Gen 11:7 (
J),
Isa 33:19,
לָשׁוֺן Deut 28:49,
דְּבָרִין Ezek 3:6,
מַהיְּֿדַבֵּר Jer 5:15, no accusative
Gen 42:23 (
E),
2Kgs 18:26 =
Isa 36:11.
h. specif of
hearing a (judicial) casre,
דָּבָר Deut 1:17, compare v
Deut 1:17 accusative omitted
בֵּין person v
Deut 1:16, of
׳י Judg 11:10 with
מִשְׁפָּט 1Kgs 3:11 הִטּוֺב וְהָרֵע ׳לשׁ 2Sam 14:17,
וְשֹׁמֵע אֵין לְךָ 2Sam 15:3, compare
Job 31:35.
i. with accusative of person in polite address,
hear us (
me)!
Gen 23:6;
Gen 23:8;
Gen 23:11;
Gen 23:13;
Gen 23:15 (all
P),
1Chr 28:2;
2Chr 13:4;
2Chr 15:2;
2Chr 20:20 j. listen, give heed (sometimes ||
הִקְשִׁיב), absolute,
Gen 42:21 (
E) + 18: t., + (usually ||
הִטָּה אֹ׃ון),
Jer 7:13 + 14 t. Jeremiah, + (opposed to
חָדַל)
Ezek 2:5 + 3 t. Ezekiel; +
שִׂים עַללֵֿב Mal 2:2 hear +
do Deut 5:24;
2Kgs 18:12, etc.; =
consent, agree,
Gen 37:27 (
J),
grant request Judg 11:17 with
ל person (mostly late)
Judg 19:25;
1Sam 30:24;
Job 15:17 + 16 t.,
׳לי Hos 9:17;
Lev 26:14;
Lev 26:18;
Lev 26:21;
Lev 26:27 ׳לְדִבְרֵי י 1Sam 15:1,
לְעֵצָה Prov 12:15.
k. with
אֶל person +
listen to, yield to Gen 49:2;
Judg 2:17 + 69 t. (
׳אֶליֿ 15 t., especially
Jer 7:26 + 10 t. Jeremiah),
עַל person
2Kgs 20:13 אֶלדִּֿבְרֵי etc.,
Deut 18:19;
Jer 29:10 + 14 t.,
עַלדִּֿבְרֵי etc.,
2Kgs 22:13 + 3 t.; very rarely accusative of thing
1Sam 24:10 (
Gi v.
1Sam 24:9).
2. ׳י (God) subject:
a. accusative
קוֺל,
דברים, etc.,
Gen 21:17 (
E),
2Kgs 19:4 (twice in verse);
2Kgs 19:16, usually with favour implied
Num 20:16;
Deut 33:7 +, so especially accusative
תְּפִלָּה,
תְּחנָּה, etc.,
1Kgs 8:45;
Ps 6:10 +.
b. object clause
כִּי Gen 29:33 (
J).
c. no object (32 t.)
Isa 59:2;
Jer 22:21, usually
hear and foregive, help, etc
1Kgs 8:30;
1Kgs 8:32;
Isa 30:19 +;
hear be angry Ps 78:59, compare
Ps 55:20.
d. =
be able to hear Isa 59:1;
Ps 94:9.
e. בְּקוֺל ׳שׁ =
hear (
and grant)
Gen 30:6 (
J) + 6 t.
femininehear and answer, with
אֶל of city, etc.,
Gen 21:7;
Gen 16:11;
1Kgs 8:28 + 8 t.; with
אֶל person
Deut 3:36 + 12 t.
g. with
לְ of utterance
Jer 18:19;
Ps 61:6 ל person
Josh 24:10 (
E).
h. hear, accusative of person +
מִתְנוֺדֵד Jer 31:18 favourably, with accusative of person
Mic 7:7 + 3 t., so, +
ל concerning,
Gen 17:20 (
P); object omitted
2Kgs 22:19;
Ps 22:23 + 3 t. +
Ps 34:7;
Ps 34:18 (hear and deliver); with temporal clause
Jer 11:14 Niph`al42 Perfect 3 masculine singular
נִשְׁמַע Gen 45:16 +, etc;
Imperfect 3 masculine singular
יִשָּׁמַע Exod 23:13 +,
יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ 1Sam 1:13, etc.;
Infinitive construct הִשָּׁמַל Esth 2:8 Participle feminine
נִשְׁמַ֫עַת Jer 51:46, etc.; —
1. be heard, of voice, sound, etc.,
1Sam 1:13;
1Kgs 6:7;
Job 26:14 (or 1 plural
Qal Imperfect?); of a resort,
֗֗֗ לֵאמֹר ׳נִשׁ Gen 45:16 (E); subject clause, ׳כִּ, Neh 6:1 (ל person), compare clauseוְהַיְהוּדִים חשְׁבִים Neh 6:6 vNeh 6:7 be reported, כַּדְּבָרִיס הָאֵלֶּה (לַמֶּלֶחׅ); be heard, לִפְנֵי אֱםהֶיךָ Dan 10:12. 4. בְּקוֺלָם ׳וַיִישּׁ 2Chr 30:27 = (favourable)
hearing was granted to their voice Pi`el Imperfect 3 masculine singular
וַיְשַׁמַּע 1Sam 15:4 he caused the people (accusative)
to hear and respond, i.e. he assembled them), so
1Sam 23:8 (see
Hiph`il 1 c).
Hiph`il63 Perfect 3 masculine singular
הִשְׁמִיעַ 1Kgs 15:22 +, etc.;
Imperfect 3 masculine singular suffix
יַשְׁמִעֵנִי Deut 30:12;
Deut 30:13 2 masculine singular jussive
תַּשְׁמַע Judg 18:23, etc.;
Imperative masculine singular suffix
הִשְׁמִיעֵנִי Ps 143:8 feminine singular suffix
הַשְׁמִיעִנִי Song 2:14;
Song 8:13, etc.;
Infinitive construct לַשְׁמִעַ Ps 26:7 (
Ges«GKC:53q»§ 53q);
Participle מַשְׁמִיעַ Jer 4:15 +, etc.; —
1. of man:
a. cause to hear accusative of person + of thing
Deut 30:12;
Deut 30:13;
Song 2:14;
Song 8:13 + 4 t.; object of thing omitted (=
make proclamation to)
1Kgs 15:22 object person omitted
Jer 5:20 +; accusative
שָׁלוֺם Isa 52:7;
Nah 2:1 i.e.
proclaimpeace;
אָוֶֺן Jer 4:15 (
מִן local);
קוֺל ׳הַשׁ utter a sound Josh 6:10 (
J; ||
הֵרִיעַ), compare
Judg 18:25 (
קוֺלְךָ, +
עִמָּנוּ),
Isa 42:2;
Isa 58:4 קוֺל תְּהִלָּתוֺ ׳הִשׁ Ps 66:8 בְּקוֺל תּוֺדָה Ps 26:7.
b. absolute as musical term,
sound aloud,
בִּמְצִלְתַּיִם לְהִשְׁמִיעַ 1Chr 15:19 (perhaps to mark the time,
GrPs 67 De compare
1Chr 16:5 also
Ps 150:5 בְּצִלְצְלֵי שָׁ֑מַע),
מַשְׁמִיעִים 1Chr 15:16;
1Chr 15:28;
1Chr 16:42,
קוֺל אֶחָד ׳לְהַשׁ 2Chr 5:13 i.e. probably in unison (Prince
EB iii, 3241),
Neh 12:42.
c. absolute
make proclamation (often ||
הִגִּיד),
Amos 3:9;
Amos 4:5;
Isa 41:26;
Jer 4:5 + 6 t. Jeremiah
d. הַשְׁמִיעוּ, accusative of person +
אֶל location =
summon Jer 50:29,
עַל location
Jer 51:27 (compare
Pi`el).
BDB9967 H8085 H8086
BDB9966 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9968
שְׁמַע verb hear (see Biblical Hebrew); —