Proverbs 28:12

בַּעֲלֹ֣ץ צַ֭דִּיקִים רַבָּ֣ה תִפְאָ֑רֶת וּבְק֥וּם רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ אָדָֽם
When righteous men do rejoice, there is great glory: but when the wicked rise, a man is hidden.
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

בַּ עֲלֹ֣ץ
בַּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
עֲלֹ֣ץ
Root word rejoice, rejoiceth, triumph, joyful
Dictionary form: עָלַץ · aw-LAHTS

Verb — Qal, Infinitive Construct, construct state simple action — "he did" try "to ___" or "___ing"

In the KJV here: men do rejoice
rejoiceth ×2 and rejoice ×1 be joyful in thee ×1 let them rejoice ×1 men do rejoice ×1 rejoice ×1 triumph over me ×1
More options
rejoice — Modernized KJV base; broadly fitting most contexts.
exult — Captures intense, expressive joy; slightly elevated register.
celebrate — Communal or festive contexts; accessible and contemporary.
delight — Softer, inward joy; good for personal or quiet expressions.
triumph — Best when joy arises from victory over an enemy.
revel — Emphasizes enthusiastic, outward expression of gladness.

BDB6124 H5970

BDB6123 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6125

עָלַץ verb rejoice, exult (Late Hebrew id. (rare); Hiph`il Imperfect יעליצו Eccl 40:20 Assyrian elêƒu, exult; Sabean מעלץ joys CISiv, No. 197, 1. 5. 7; see also עלז, עלס); —

Qal Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳לִבִּי בְּי ׳ע 1Sam 2:1 my heart exulteth in ׳י; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יַעֲלֹץ הַשָּׂדֶה 1Chr 16:32 the field exulteth; compare 3 feminine singular תַּעֲלֹץ קִרְיָה Prov 11:10 (|| רנן); 1 singular אֶעֶלְצָה בָּ֑ךְ Ps 9:3 (i.e. in ׳י; + שׂמח, || זמּר); 3 masculine plural יַעְלְצוּ בְךָ Ps 5:12 (in ׳י; || שׂמח, רנן); יַעַלְצוּ לִפְנֵי אֱלֹהִים Ps 68:4 (+ שׂמח, || שׂישׂ); + לִי Ps 25:2 exult at me; Infinitive construct בַּעֲלֹץ Prov 28:12 when the righteous exult.

rejoice, rejoiceth, triumph, joyful
ʿālaṣ
to jump for joy, i.e., exult
  • to rejoice, exult
    • (Qal) to exult

צַ֭דִּיקִים
צַ֭דִּיקִים
Root word righteous, just, lawful
Dictionary form: צַדִּיק · tsahd-DEEK

Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: when righteous
the righteous ×49 of the righteous ×37 of the just ×9 righteous ×9 the just ×7 a righteous ×6 is righteous ×6 a just ×5
More options
righteous — Modernized from KJV; broadest theological and ethical use.
just — Emphasizes fairness and legal uprightness; good in legal contexts.
upright — Highlights moral integrity; suits wisdom literature tone.
innocent — Prefer when contrasted with the guilty in legal settings.
virtuous — Stresses moral excellence; works well in narrative prose.
godly — Foregrounds devotion to God; suits psalms and prophetic texts.

BDB6944 H6662

BDB6943 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6945

צַדִּיק206 adjective just, righteous; — absolute ׳צ Gen 6:9+; plural צַדִּיקִים Exod 23:8+, etc.; —

1. just, righteous, in government:
  a. of Davidic king 2Sam 23:3 צֶמַהּ Jer 23:5; Zech 9:9 (|| victorious).
  b. of judges, Ezek 23:45; Prov 29:2 (see Toy; Kau questions this meaning in all these).
  c. of law, ׳מִשְׁפָּטִים צ Deut 4:8.
  d. of God Deut 32:4; Ps 119:137; Ps 129:4; Job 34:17, opposed to Pharaoh Exod 9:27 (J); in discrimination Jer 12:1; Zeph 3:5; Ps 7:10; Ps 7:12; Ps 11:7 condemnation 2Chr 12:6; Dan 9:14; Lam 1:18; Ezra 9:15; Neh 9:33 redemption Isa 45:21; Ps 116:5 keeping promises Neh 9:8 in all his ways Ps 145:17.
2. just in one's cause, right: Exod 23:7; Exod 23:8 (E) Deut 16:19; Deut 25:1; 1Kgs 8:32 = 2Chr 6:23; Isa 5:23; Isa 29:21; Job 32:1; Job 36:7; Prov 17:15; Prov 17:26; Prov 18:5; Prov 18:17; Prov 24:24; Amos 2:6; Amos 5:12; Hab 1:4; Hab 1:13 right in law, not under penalty 2Sam 4:11; 1Kgs 2:32 innocent of specific offence 2Kgs 10:9 with מְן compare 1Sam 24:18.
3. just, righteous, in conduct and character:
  a. towards God Gen 7:1; Gen 18:23; Gen 18:24 (twice in verse); Gen 18:25 (twice in verse); Gen 18:26; Gen 18:28 (J) Gen 20:4 (E), Hab 2:4; Mal 3:18.
  b. in general, ethically: Ps 5:13; Ps 7:10; Ps 11:3; Ps 11:5 + 21 t. Psalms (+below), Prov 2:20; Prov 3:33; Prov 4:18; Prov 9:9 + 56 t. Proverbs; Eccl 3:17 + 7 t. Ecclesiastes; Isa 3:10; Isa 57:1 (twice in verse); Jer 20:12; Lam 4:13; Ezek 3:20; Ezek 3:21 (twice in verse) + 12 t. Ezekiel; Hos 14:10 || תמים Gen 6:9 (P) Job 12:4 || נָקִי Job 17:9; Job 22:19; Job 27:17; Ps 94:21 || יִשְׁרֵי לֵב Ps 32:11; Ps 64:11; Ps 97:11.
4. righteous, as justified and vindicated by ׳י, especially servant of ׳י Isa 53:11, so his people, usually plural Isa 60:21; Ps 33:1 + 8 t. Psalms (see also above); ׳אָהֳלֵי צ Ps 118:15 tents of the righteous; ׳גּוֺרַל צ Ps 125:3 ׳עֲדִת צ Ps 1:5 ׳דֶּרֶךְ צ vPs 1:6 singular collective Ps 34:20; Ps 34:22; Ps 75:11; Isa 24:16; Isa 26:7 (twice in verse); גּוֺי צַדִּיק vIsa 26:2 (|| שֹׁמֵר אֱמֻנִים).
5. right, correct, Isa 41:26 (compare אֱמֶת Isa 43:9); lawful ׳שְׁבִי צ Isa 49:24 EV; but read עָרִיץ.

righteous, just, lawful
ṣaddîq
just
  • just, lawful, righteous
    • just, righteous (in government)
      • "just, right (in one's cause)"just, righteous (in conduct and character)"righteous (as justified and vindicated by God)"right, correct, lawful

רַבָּ֣ה
רַבָּ֣ה
Root word many, great, much, captain, more, …
Dictionary form: רַב · rahb

Adjective — feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: there is great
many ×82 great ×25 and many ×23 much ×16 of many ×16 the captain ×15 is great ×9 a great ×7
More options
many — Best default for plural/numerical contexts.
great — Prefer for intensity, size, or importance.
much — Use with uncountable or mass nouns.
abundant — Highlights surplus or overflow; slightly elevated register.
numerous — More formal synonym for 'many'; suits lists or armies.
chief — Use when רַב functions as a title or rank.

BDB7691 H7227

BDB7690 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7692

I. רַב429 adjective much, many, great; — masculine singular absolute ׳ר Gen 24:25+, רָ֑ב Gen 33:9+, also רָ֛ב 2Chr 20:2 ב֖ 2Chr 28:8, רָב֨ Ezra 10:13, etc.; construct תַב Exod 34:6 +; feminine singular רַבָּה Num 11:33 +; construct רַבַּת Ezek 22:5 + רַבָּ֫תִי (Ges §90 k 1) Lam 1:1 (twice in verse); masculine plural absolute רַבִּים Exod 23:2 (twice in verse)+, construct see II. רַב; feminine plural absolute רַבּוֺת Gen 30:43 +; — [often both as predicate and as attributive; as attributive preceding noun (influence of usage for numerals ? KöSynt.§334 k Ges«GKC:132b»§ 132b): רַב Isa 63:7; Ps 145:7 (but read probably רֹב, רָבֿ; in Isa 21:7 ׳ר is predicate), רַבּים Jer 16:16; Ps 32:10; Ps 89:51 (on context BöNÄ Bae, also Hup), Prov 7:26; 1Chr 28:5, רַבּוֺת Neh 9:28; Prov 31:29]; —

1. (often opposed to מְעַט)
  a. (1)much: of substances, gold 1Kgs 10:2; Ps 19:11, silver (money) 2Kgs 12:11; 2Chr 24:11, bronze 1Chr 18:8, wine Esth 1:7 of other quantities, e.g.spoil 2Sam 3:22, property 2Chr 32:29, seed Deut 28:38, etc.; רַב שֶׁיִּהְיוּ EC Deut 6:3b be it much that his days amount to; (2) especially of collectives, numerous, עַםרַֿב Josh 11:4; 2Sam 13:34 עֲבֻדָּה רַבָּךְ Gen 26:14; Job 1:3, מִקְנֶה רַב Deut 3:19+,etc.
  b. plural many: person Exod 5:5; Judg 8:30; Judg 9:40; 1Kgs 4:20; 1Kgs 11:1+, things Gen 30:48; Amos 5:12; Deut 31:17 +; noun omitted רַבּוֺת Dan 11:41 (that is, lands; read רִבּוֺת myriads Kmp Bev Behrm Marti Prince); יָמִים רֵבִּים many days (a long time) Gen 21:34; Gen 37:24+28 t.,שָׁנִים רַבּוֺת Neh 9:30; Eccl 6:3a, אִם עוֺר רַבּוֺת בַּשָּׁנִים Lev 25:51 רַבּוֺת עִתִּים Neh 9:28 many times (see above) =פְּעָמִים רַבּוֺת Ps 106:43; Eccl 7:22 מַכָּה רַבָּה Deut 25:3 many blows; מַיִם רִַ׃בּים many waters Num 20:11+27 t., compare Isa 8:7 etc.
  c. רַב as substantive collective person Exod 19:21, also (opposed to מְעַט)1Sam 14:6; Num 13:18; Num 26:54; Num 26:56; Num 33:54; Num 35:8 so רַבַּת (Ges«GKC:130a»§ 130a) 2Chr 30:17; 2Chr 30:18, and (thing; =much) Ezek 24:12 רַב construct before abstract (= רֹב) Isa 21:7; Isa 63:7; Ps 145:7 especially plural רַבִּים of person Exod 23:2 (twice in verse) +37 t. + בַּתרַֿבִּים Song 7:5.
  d. construct= abounding in, רַבבְּֿרֶכוֺת Prov 28:20, רַבחֶֿסֶר (see I. חֶסֶד 3), רַבפֹּֿךְַ Ps 147:5, רַבמְֿאֵרוֺת Prov 28:27, רַב הַמְּהוּמָה Ezek 22:5, רַבנֿוֺצָךְ Ezek 17:7, רַבחֶֿעֲלִיָּה Jer 32:19, רֵבפְּֿעֶלִים 2Sam 23:20= 1Chr 11:22, רַבפָּֿ֑שַׁע Prov 29:22 רַבתְּֿבוּנָה Prov 14:29 רַבַּת אוֺצָרֹת Jer 51:13, רַבַּת בָּנִים 1Sam 2:5 רַבָּ֫תִי עָם Lam 1:1 (Ges«GKC:90l»§ 90l).
  e. + מִן compare= more numerous than Exod 1:9; Num 22:15; Josh 10:11; Judg 16:30; 2Kgs 6:16; Isa 54:1; 1Chr 24:4; 2Chr 32:7; Dan 11:13 followed by infinitive, too many to Gen 36:7; Judg 7:2 (compare vJudg 7:4); see also following feminine רַב =abundant, enough Gen 24:25; Gen 33:9 as exclamation enough! Gen 45:28; 2Sam 24:16; 1Chr 21:15; 1Kgs 19:4, so (+ מִן infinitive) Exod 9:28 (מִן 6 d); רַבלָֿךְ (with implication of excess) Deut 3:26 (let it) suffice thee! so רַבלָֿכֶם Ezek 45:9, also Num 16:3; Num 16:7= ye assume too much ! + infinitive it is enough for you to Deut 1:6; Deut 2:3 (i.e. you have done it enough), so+ מִן infinitive 1Kgs 12:23, מִן substantive Ezek 44:6.
  g. as adverb much, exceedingly (only Psalms), רַב Ps 123:3, ָ™רב Ps 18:15 (Hup De Che and others; HPS2Sam 22:15 conjectures רָמָה omits || 2Sam 22:15); רַבָּה Ps 62:3; Ps 78:15; Ps 89:8 (ᵐ5. Bae רַב הוּא ); רַבַּת (Aramaism, compare Syriac , , Nö§ 155 A&WSG 135) Ps 65:10; Ps 120:6 (=long enough), Ps 123:4; Ps 129:1; Ps 129:2
2. less often great:
  a. of space 1Sam 26:13, the deep Amos 7:4; Gen 7:11; Isa 51:10; Ps 36:7(figurative), city Lam 1:1 (רַ֫בָּתִי בַגּוֺיִם Ges§), — see also צִירוֺן חֲמַת; -plague Num 11:33, empire Esth 1:20 goodness Ps 31:20, wickedness Gen 6:5, etc.
  b. specifically strong (opposed to אֵין כֹּחַ) 2Chr 14:10 רַב לְהוֺשִׁיעַ Isa 63:1 so רַבִּים as substantive Isa 53:12 (|| עֲצוּמִים).
  c. major natu Gen 25:23 (opposed to צָעִיר); רַבּים as substantive grandoevi, Job 32:9.
  d. + מִן compare greater than Deut 7:1; Deut 7:17; Deut 9:14; Deut 20:1 too great for Josh 19:9; 1Kgs 19:7 — Prov 26:10 is hopelessly corrupt, see Toy.

BDB7692 H7227 H7248 H7249 H8248 H7262

BDB7691 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7693

II. רַב49 noun masculine chief (Assyrian-Babylonian influence, compare rab DlHWB 609 b; Biblical Aramic רַב); — construct ׳ר Jer 39:9+; plural construct רַבֵּי Jer 39:13; Jer 41:1 (but see below); — especially רַבֿ טַבָּחִים chief of guardsmen (see טַבָּח), only as title of Babylonian officer Jer 30:9; Jer 30:10 + 15 t. Jeremiah, 7 t || 2Kgs 25 (compare ׳שַׁר הַט in Gen [J E]); also רַב הַחֹבֵל Jonah 1:6 chief of the sailors, i.e. captain; in general כָּלרַֿב בֵּיתוֺ Esth 1:8, רַבמָֿרִיסָיו Dan 1:3 (see סָרִיס ), and so רַבֵּי מֶלֶךְ בָּבֶל Jer 39:13, רַבֵּי הַמֶּלֶךְ Jer 41:1 (late gloss; omitted by ᵐ5 and || 2Kgs 25:25, so Hi Gf Gie). The following titles of Assyrian -Babylonian officers are probably loan-words in Hebrew: רַבמָֿ֑ג Jer 39:3; Jer 39:13 usually chief soothsayer (see מָ֑ג), but = rab-mugi [? chief of princes] PinchesHast. DB. BAB-MAG; רַבסָֿרִיס (compare Old Aramaic [Nineveh] רב סרס Lzb386), 2Kgs 18:17 (Assyrian; not in || Isa 36:2), Jer 39:8; Jer 39:13 (Babylonian ), usually chief eunuch, but = rabû-ša-rêši, chief of the heads (the principal men) WklUnters. x.altor.Geschichte.1889, Excurs. v, p. 138 (actually found as rubû-ša-ri-ešu PinchesAcad June 25,1892, 618), PinchesHast.DB.RAB-SARIS; רַבשָֿׁקֵה (van d. H. רַבְשָׁקֵה) chief of the officers (?) (so probably Assyrian rab-ŠA†; ša‡kû = high one; COT2Kgs 18:17 KBii.23 DlHWB 685 a TieleBab.-As. Geschichte.497.513 PinchesHast.DB.iv 191), 2Kgs 18:17; 2Kgs 18:19; 2Kgs 18:26; 2Kgs 18:27; 2Kgs 18:37; 2Kgs 19:4; 2Kgs 19:8 = Isa 36:2; Isa 36:4; Isa 36:11; Isa 36:13 (twice in verse); Isa 36:22; Isa 37:4; Isa 37:8

BDB9879 H7227 H7231 H7239

BDB9878 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9880

רבב (√ of following; see Biblical Hebrew I. רבב, רַב, רִבּוֺ).

many, great, much, captain, more, …
rab
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
  • (adj) much, many, great
    • much
      • "many"abounding in"more numerous than"abundant, enough"great"strong"greater than"(adv) much, exceedingly
    (n m) captain, chief

תִפְאָ֑רֶת
תִפְאָ֑רֶת
Root word glory, beauty, beautiful, honour, fair, …
Dictionary form: תִּפְאָרָה · tip-aw-RAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: glory
and the glory ×3 of glory ×3 the glory ×3 thy fair ×3 and for beauty ×2 beauty ×2 the beauty ×2 according to the beauty ×1
More options
glory — Broadest fit; suits divine or royal contexts.
splendor — Vivid, elevated tone; ideal for majestic imagery.
beauty — Emphasizes visual or aesthetic appeal.
honor — Relational nuance; suitable for human dignity contexts.
majesty — Stresses grandeur and awe-inspiring quality.
excellence — Functional register; highlights surpassing quality.

BDB6506 H8597

BDB6505 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB6507

תִּפְאָרָה noun feminine beauty, glory; — ׳תּ Isa 28:5; Jer 48:17 elsewhere absolute and construct תִּפְאֶרֶת Isa 3:18 + 20 t.; תִּפְאָ֑רֶת Prov 28:12 + 6 t.; suffix תִּפְאַרְתִּי Isa 46:13 + 20 t. suffix; —

1. beauty, finery Isa 3:18 of garments Isa 52:1 jewels Ezek 16:17; Ezek 16:39; Ezek 23:26, compare 2Chr 3:6 flock Jer 13:20 a man Isa 44:13 city of Samaria Isa 28:1; Isa 28:4 diadem vIsa 28:5.
2. glory:
  a. of rank: apparel of high priest Exod 28:2; Exod 28:40 (P); ׳עֲטֶרֶת ת crown of glory Prov 4:9; Prov 16:31; Isa 62:3; Jer 13:18; Ezek 16:12; Ezek 23:42 greatness of monarch Esth 1:4 house of David and inhabitants of Jerusalem Zech 12:7 (twice in verse).
  b. of renown ׳לְשֵׁם ולת Deut 26:19; 1Chr 22:5; Jer 13:11; Jer 33:9.
  c. attribute of ׳י Ps 71:8; 1Chr 29:11 ׳שֵׁם ת Isa 63:14; 1Chr 29:13 עֹז ׳ת Ps 89:18 ׳זְרוֺעַ ת Isa 63:12 hence ׳ת in ׳י's sanctuary Ps 96:6, ׳בֵּית תִּפְאַרְתִּ Isa 60:7 compare Isa 63:15 (of heavenly temple), Isa 64:10 ׳ת as ׳י's gift to Israel Isa 46:13 compare Isa 60:19 (also Ps 89:18 above); of future fruit of land Ps 4:2 designation of ark of ׳י Ps 78:61.
3. a. honour of nation Israel Lam 2:1.
  b. glorying, boasting, of individual, Isa 20:5; Prov 17:6; Prov 19:11; Prov 20:29; Prov 28:12 warrior Judg 4:9 monarchs Isa 10:12 nations Isa 13:19; Ezek 24:25, ׳מַקֵּל ת rod (sceptre) of glorying Jer 48:17 (others 1).

glory, beauty, beautiful, honour, fair, …
tipʾārâ
ornament (abstractly or concretely, literally or figuratively)
  • beauty, splendor, glory
    • beauty, finery (of garments, jewels)
      • "glory
      • of rank, renown
        • "as attribute of God
      honor (or nation Israel)"glorying, boasting (of individual)

וּ בְ ק֥וּם
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
בְ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
ק֥וּם
Root word up, arose, arise, rise, stand, …
Dictionary form: קוּם · koom

Verb — Qal, Infinitive Construct, construct state simple action — "he did" try "to ___" or "___ing"

In the KJV here: rise
arise ×66 arose ×57 rose up ×31 shall stand ×13 rise ×10 rise up ×10 and rose up ×9 stand ×9
More options
rise — Most versatile; suits physical, figurative, and narrative contexts.
stand up — Emphasizes upright posture or taking a position.
get up — Colloquial; natural for everyday physical rising from rest.
establish — Prefer when the sense is founding, confirming, or making firm.
come forward — Suits contexts of stepping up to act or oppose.
endure — Use when the nuance is persistence, continuance, or survival.

BDB4297 H6965 H8347

BDB4296 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB4298

לֵב קָמָי probably late Atbash (compare שֵׁשַׁךְ) for p. 1058 כשׂדים the orginal reading (ᵐ5) Jer 51:1.

BDB7361 H6965

BDB7360 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7362

קוּם628 verb arise, stand up, stand; — (Late Hebrew in derived species and derivatives; Phoenician Hiph`il Participle and מקם place; Arabic stand, rise, Ethiopic stand, stop; Sabean מקם, place, HomChrest. 127; Aramaic קוּם, = Biblical Hebrew, so Old Aramaic Nabataean קום; Palmyrene Aph`el אקים erect statue; compare probably Assyrian kumu (k = כ), place, dwelling, kum, kêmu, in place of, and perhaps kaiamânu, enduring, constant (see כִּיּוּן); Thes compare also Samaritan , live, compare especially ᵑ7 Pa`el); —

Qal460 Perfect 3 masculine singular קָם 1Sam 17:48 +, וְקָאם consecutive Hos 10:14 (Ges«GKC:72p»§ 72p); 2 masculine singular קַמְתָּ 2Sam 12:21, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָקוּם Exod 21:19, jussive יָקֻם Gen 27:31, וְיָ֫קָם (לָ֑ךְׅ Job 22:28 (Ges«GKC:109h»§ 109h Dr§ 152 (3)); וַיָּ֫קָם Gen 4:8 +, etc.; Imperative masculine singular קוּם Gen 13:17 +, feminine plural קֹמְנָה Isa 32:9, etc.; Infinitive absolute קוֺם Jer 44:29 construct קָוּם Amos 5:2 +, etc.; Participle> feminine singular קָמָה Mic 7:6 masculine plural קָמִים 2Sam 18:31 +, הַקּוֺמִים 2Kgs 16:17 (Ges«GKC:72p»§ 72p), etc.; —
1. arise: מִתַּחְתָּיו Exod 10:23 (E). Specifically:
  a. after lying down (sleep, sickness, mourning, etc.), 1Sam 3:6; 1Sam 3:8; 2Sam 12:21; Exod 21:19; Gen 19:33; Gen 19:35; Gen 31:17; Ruth 3:14; Eccl 12:4 + 50 t.; from lying dead, קַיָּקָם עַלרַֿגְלָיו 2Kgs 13:21, compare Job 14:12; Isa 26:14; Isa 26:19; Ps 88:11 after falling Amos 5:2; Amos 8:14; Jer 8:4; Jer 25:27 + 4 t. (chiefly figurative); after being smitten, wounded, etc. Ps 18:39 || 2Sam 22:39; Isa 27:9 (of Asherim, etc.), Isa 43:17 + 4 t.; from sitting, reclining, especially at meals Gen 25:34; 1Sam 1:9; 1Sam 20:34 (מֵעִם הַשֻּׁלְחָן; v1Sam 20:25 see קָדַם), Esth 7:7 ( +אֶל in construction Praegn.), but also Judg 3:20 (מֵעַל), 2Sam 2:14 (twice in verse); 2Sam 2:15, Jonah 3:6 (מִכִּסְאוֺ), + 11 t., + (arise = stand up, in respect), Gen 19:1 ( +לִקְתָאתָם), Gen 31:35 (מִפָּנֶיךָ), Lev 19:32 (מִפְּנֵי), Isa 49:7; Job 29:8 + וַיִּשְׁתַּחוּ 2Kgs 2:19, compare Gen 23:7; Exod 33:10; 1Sam 20:41; 1Sam 25:41 — (see also e); from kneeling (מִן + מִלִּפְנֵי location) 1Kgs 8:54, from obeisance 1Sam 24:42; Esth 8:4 from bending over (עַל) dead Gen 23:3 (P).
  b. out of (מִן) a condition, state, Ezra 9:5.
  c. of bear rising עַל person, 1Sam 17:35.
  d. arise (+ stand) Exod 33:8; Ps 20:9 (figurative of success, prosperity), Job 24:22 (id.), +; of sheaf Gen 37:7 of waters Josh 3:16 (נֵדאֶֿתָד).
  e. construction Praegn. arise (and stand) for a purpose Num 11:32 (E); over, עַל person, 2Sam 12:17. feminine arise as preliminary to formal speech Judg 20:8; Mic 6:1; Jer 1:17; 1Chr 28:2 (עַלרַֿגְלָיו), Prov 31:28; Job 30:28 + 5 t.; to testify (against) Deut 19:15; Deut 19:16 (both ב person), Ps 27:12; Ps 35:11, compare also וַיָּקָם בִּי Job 16:8 (of כַּחַשׁ q. v.; Bu כַּעַשׂ); to vindicate Job 19:25 (עַלעַֿפָר); to read aloud Neh 9:3 (עַלעָֿמְדָם); to bless people 2Chr 30:27 (priests).
  g. to listen to God's word Num 23:18; Isa 32:9 to praise God 2Chr 20:19; Neh 9:4; Neh 9:5.
  h. of noise, tumult Hos 10:14 of light Job 25:3 (עַל person).
2. arise, in hostile sense (optative with idea of suddenness); with עַל person Deut 19:11 (out of ambush), Deut 22:26; Judg 9:18; Judg 20:5; Ps 27:3 (of war), Obad 1:1 (לַמִּלְחָמָה), + 11 t., + Job 30:12 (according to Bu, reading עָלַי for עִַליָֿמִין), + (of ׳י) Amos 7:9 (ב instrumental), Isa 14:22; Isa 31:2 with אֶל person Gen 4:8; 1Sam 22:13; 1Sam 24:8 (Gi v.1Sam 24:7); with ב person Mic 7:6; Ps 27:12 (false witness), Mic 7:6 with עַם person Ps 94:16 (|| יִתְיַצֵּב); see especially participle with suffix = those rising up against me (thee, etc.) Exod 15:7; Exod 32:25; Deut 33:11 + 8 t. + Ps 109:28 (read קָמַי יֵבשׁוּ ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Bae We Du, compare Hup Dr); with מִן from, out of Josh 8:7; Josh 8:19; Judg 9:35; Judg 9:43; Judg 20:33 = revolt Num 16:2 (לִפְנֵי person), 2Kgs 12:21; 2Chr 13:6, compare Hab 2:7.
3. arise, absolute, = become powerful Prov 28:12; Prov 28:28.
4. arise = come on the scene, appear, of leader, prophet, king Judg 5:7 (twice in verse); Judg 10:1; Judg 10:3; Deut 13:2; Deut 34:10; Deut 2:25 of years of famine Gen 41:30 with אַחֲרֵי person Deut 29:21; Judg 2:10; 1Kgs 3:12 with תַּחַת, in palce of, 1Kgs 8:20 = 2Chr 6:10; Num 32:14 with עַלמַֿמְלֶכֶת 2Chr 21:4 with מִן Num 24:17 (sceptre out of Israel); of calamity, Nah 1:9; Prov 24:22 מִצָּהֳרַיִם יָקוּם חָ֑לֶד Job 11:17 i.e. to shine upon thee.
5. arise for, i.e. to become, with ל of thing; בְּיוֺם קוּמִי לְעַד Zeph 3:8 (read לְעֵד, for a witness, ᵐ5 ᵑ6 We Now GASm compare Da); הֶחָמָס קָם לְמַטֵּהרֶֿשַׁע Ezek 7:11 (but dubious; Co Berthol Krae קָמֵל).
6. a. arse for action, especially of ׳י arising [from his throne], + infinitive Isa 2:19; Isa 2:21 for judgement Ps 76:10 (לַמִּשְׁפָּט), Job 31:14 often Imperative Num 10:35; Jer 2:27; Ps 3:8 + 8 t. Psalms + 2Chr 6:41 (with לְנוּחֶ֑ךָ), Ps 132:8 (with לִמְנוּחָתֶ֑ךָ); Imperfect Isa 28:21 + 4 t.; Imperative also of men, arise ! up ! i.e. act ! Judg 4:14; Ezra 10:4, of idols Jer 2:28 Imperfect of the tongue (personified) Isa 54:17 (אִתָּךְ לַמִּשְׁפָּט).
  b. arise (out of inaction), introducing some specific deed Gen 21:18; Exod 32:1; Judg 5:12; Judg 8:20; Judg 8:21; Jer 49:14 (לַמִּלְחָמָה), Obad 1:1 (עָלֶיחָ לַמִּלְחָמָה קוּמוּ וְנָקוּמָה), + 37 t.
  c. especially arise = start, make a move, to go somewhere, Gen 13:17; Gen 19:14; Gen 19:15; 1Sam 9:3; Jonah 1:3 (in flight), Jonah 3:3 + 110 t.
7. stand: especially figurative
  a. = maintain oneself Josh 7:12; Josh 7:13 (J E; לִפְנֵי person), Amos 7:2; Amos 7:5; Nah 1:6; Lam 1:14; Ps 1:5; Ps 24:3; Job 41:18 (of sword), of courage (רוּח) Josh 2:11 (D; בְּאִישׁ, + לִפְנֵי person).
  b. = be established, confirmed, of kingdom 1Sam 24:21 (בְּיָָֽדְךָ; Gi v.1Sam 24:20); of purchase Lev 27:19, with ל person be assured to Lev 25:30; Gen 23:17; Gen 23:20 (all P).
  c. stand, endure 1Sam 13:14; Job 8:15 (|| עָמַד), Job 15:29.
  d. = be fixed, of price, Lev 27:14; Lev 27:17.
  e. = be valid, of vows, Num 30:5 (twice in verse) + 6 t. Num 30 + v.Num 30:10 (with עַל person; all P). feminine = be proven Deut 19:15.
  g. = be fulfilled Jer 44:29 (imperfect + infinitive absolute; עַל person), Job 22:28 (ל person); of ׳י's purpose Jer 51:29 (עַל person), Isa 14:24; Prov 19:21, compare Jer 44:28; Isa 40:8; Isa 46:10 of human plans, succeed Isa 7:7; Isa 8:10; Isa 28:18; Prov 15:22.
  h. persist, עַלנְֿדִיבוֺת יָקוּם Isa 32:8 literally on noble things doth he take his stand.
  i. יָקוּם עַלאשֵׁם אָחִיו Deut 25:6 he shall stand upon the name of his dead brother, represent him.
  j. of eyes, = be set, fixed, without vision 1Sam 4:15; 1Kgs 14:4 (עַיִן 1 i). Pi`el Perfect 3 masculine singular קִיַּם Esth 9:31; Esth 9:32 3 plural קִיְּמוּ vEsth 9:27 vEsth 9:31 Imperfect 1 singular וָאֲקַיֵּמָ֑ה Ps 119:106 Imperative masculine singular suffix קַיְּמֵנִי vPs 119:28 Infinitive construct לְקַיֵּם Ezek 13:6 +; — late (Aramaic):
1. fulful, Ezek 13:6; Ps 119:106.
2. a. confirm, ratify, Ruth 4:7.
  b. confirm, establish, of ׳י Ps 119:28 (with suffix accusative).
  c. impose, an obligation, עַל person Esth 9:21; Esth 9:31 b, עַל reflexive vEsth 9:27 vEsth 9:31 c; with acc of thing vEsth 9:29 vEsth 9:31 a.; vEsth 9:32. Po`l. raise up: Imperfect 2 masculine singular תְּקוֺמֵם Isa 58:2 1 singular אֲקוֺמֵם Isa 44:26 3 masculine plural יְקוֺמֵ֑מוּ Isa 61:4 (all of rebuilding); — יְקוֺמֵם Mic 2:8, read תָּקוּמוּ We Now, or קָמִים GASm Buhl. Hithpolel raise oneself, = rise up: Participle feminine singular מִתְקוֺמָמָה Job 20:27 (לְ person against); masculine singular suffix מְ֑מִי Job 27:7 one rising up against me (|| אֹיְבִי); plural absolute מְ֑מִים Ps 17:7 suffix מְ֑מַי Ps 59:2 see also Ps 139:21, reading וּבְמִתְקוֺמְמֶיךָ (for ᵑ0 ׳וּבִתְק; || מְשַׂנְאֶיךָ); see also קוּט. Hiph`il146 Perfect 3 masculine singular הֵקִים Josh 4:9 +; 2 masculine singular וַהֲקֵמֹתָ֫ Exod 26:30; Deut 27:2 1 singular הֲקִימֹתִי 1Sam 15:13, הֲקִמֹתִי Gen 9:17 +, etc.; Imperfect 3 masculine singular יָקִים Deut 18:15 +; jussive יָקֵם 1Sam 1:23 +; וַיָּ֫קֶם Judg 2:16 +; 2 feminine plural תָּקִ֫ימְנָה Jer 44:25, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הָקֵם 2Sam 7:25 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute הָקֵים Jer 44:25, הָקֵם Deut 22:4; Judg 7:19 construct הָקִים 2Sam 3:10 +, etc.; Participle מֵקִים Amos 6:14 +, etc.; —
1. cause to arise, raise:
  a. prostrate (accusative of person or thing) 2Sam 12:17 (מִןהָֿאָרֶץ), Deut 22:4 (הָקֵם תָּקִים עִמּוֺ), Ps 41:11; Eccl 4:10 (twice in verse); figurative Amos 5:2; Amos 9:11 (twice in verse); Hos 6:2; Isa 49:8; 1Sam 2:8 = Ps 113:7 (|| הֵרִים), Job 4:4; Jer 50:32.
  b. from throne (מִן) Isa 14:9.
  c. lift up shield (צִנָּה) against (עַל) Ezek 26:8.
  d. figurative raise (to dignity, power) Isa 49:6.
2.
  a. raise, set up, stones Josh 4:9 (J E; בְּתוֺךְ local), vJosh 4:20 (J E; ב location), Josh 24:26 (E; שָׁם, תַּחַת location), Deut 27:2 pillars 1Kgs 7:21 (3 t. in verse) || 2Chr 3:17; Exod 40:18 (P); מַצֵּבָה, פֶּסֶל Judg 18:30 (ל reflexive), Lev 26:1; Deut 16:22 throne, figurative, 2Sam 3:10, king Deut 28:36 (both with עַל over.
  b. erect, build: Isa 23:13; Exod 26:30 heap of stones over (עַל) Josh 7:26; Josh 8:29 altar 2Sam 24:18 (׳לי) || 1Chr 21:18 (id.), 1Kgs 16:32 (לבעל), 2Kgs 21:8 (id.) = 2Chr 33:3 (לבעלים); curtains Jer 10:20 (of Judah's tent, in figure); tabernacle, etc., Exod 40:2; Exod 40:18; Exod 40:33 + 4 t. Numbers; erect against (עַל) Isa 29:3.
  c. figurative of setting up law Ps 78:5 (עֵדוּת; || שִׂים).
3. raise up = bring on the scene: with accusative, sons in place of (תַּחַת) fathers Josh 5:7, אַחֲרֵי 2Sam 7:12 = 1Chr 17:11; 1Kgs 15:4 raise up זֶרַע לְאָחִיךָ Gen 38:8 (J); judges Judg 2:16; Judg 2:18 (לָהֶם), compare Judg 3:9; Judg 3:15 (both ל person); king Jer 30:9, צֶמַח צַדִּיק Jer 23:5, prophet Jer 29:15; Deut 18:15; Deut 18:18, priest 1Sam 2:35 (all ל person); shepherds, etc. Mic 5:5 (עַל against), Zech 11:16 לְהָקִים לְאָחִיו שֵׁם Deut 25:7 plant of name Ezek 34:29 (ל person); evil (רָעָה) 2Sam 12:11 (עַל against).
4. a. raise up = rouse, stir up (lion, in figure) Gen 49:9 (poem) = Num 24:9 (JE).
  b. instigate, with accusative of person +עַל against Amos 6:14; 1Sam 22:8 +ל person 1Kgs 11:14; 1Kgs 11:23 with acc alone Hab 1:6.
5. raise up = constitute, הָקִיםאֹֿתְךָל֗֗֗וֺ לְעָם Deut 29:12 compare Deut 28:9; Job 16:12 וָּאָקִים מִבְּנֵיכֶם לִנְבִיאִים Amos 2:11 יָקֵם סְעָרָה לִדְמָמָה Ps 107:29 (compare Qal 5).
6. cause to stand:
  a. set, station, sentinels Judg 7:19 (הָקֵם הֵקִים), Jer 51:12, compare Jer 6:17 (עַל person), Jer 23:4; Ezek 34:23 set feet on (עַל) rock Ps 40:3.
  b. cause to hold one's ground Ps 89:44 (בַּמִּלְחָמָה).
  c. establish throne 2Chr 7:18, כָּלאַֿפְסֵיאָֿ֑רֶץ Prov 30:4.
  d. establish (make, ratify) covenant, of ׳י, with אֶת (preposition) person Gen 6:18; Gen 9:9; Gen 9:11; Gen 17:19; Gen 17:21; Exod 6:4 (all P), Ezek 16:62 with בֵּיןבֵּ֗֗֗ין Gen 9:17; Gen 17:7 (both P); with ל person Ezek 16:60.
  e. = make binding, a vow Num 30:14; Num 30:15 (twice in verse). feminine = carry out, give effect to (DrSm. 1, 23), oath, covenant, vow, word, plan, command, of man 1Sam 15:11; 1Sam 15:13 + 6 t.; of ׳י Gen 26:3; Lev 26:9; 1Sam 1:23; 1Kgs 6:12; Deut 8:18; Jer 23:20 + 18 t.
  g. לְהָקִים שֵׁםהַֿמֵּת עַלנַֿחֲלָתוֺ Ruth 4:5; Ruth 4:10 to cause the dead man's name to stand upon his inheritance (compare Qal 7 i). Hoph`al Perfect 3 masculine singular הֻ֫קַםעָ֑ל 2Sam 23:1 be raised up (on הֻ֫קַּם van d. H., see Dr); הוּקַם be set up Exod 40:17 (of tabernacle); ׳הוּקַם אֶתדִּֿבְרֵי פ Jer 35:14 be held upright (Ges«GKC:121a»§ 121a), i.e. observed, obeyed.

BDB7371 H6965 H8618

BDB7370 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7372

[תְּקוֺמֵם], וּבִתְקוֺמְמֶיךָ Ps 139:21, see √, Hithpolel

BDB9856 H6965 H6966

BDB9855 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9857

[קוּם] verb arise, stand (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular קָם Dan 3:24, 3 masculine plural קָ֫מוּ Ezra 5:2 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְקוּם Dan 6:20; Dan 7:24, 3 feminine singular תְּקוּם Dan 2:39; Dan 2:44 3 masculine plural יְקוּמוּן Dan 7:10; Dan 7:17; Dan 7:24 (׳יְקֻ); Participle קָאֵם Dan 2:31, plural קאמין Kt, קָֽיְמִין Qr, Dan 3:3, emphatic קָֽאֲמַיָּא Dan 7:16 —
1. literally arise Dan 3:24 (i.e. from throne), Dan 6:20 (from bed).
2. figurative = come on the scene of history: of kingdom Dan 2:39, king Dan 7:17; Dan 7:24 (both מִן of source), vDan 7:24.
3. arise (out of inaction), and build Ezra 5:2, devour Dan 7:5b.
4. stand, literal, לָקֳבֵל person Dan 2:31, compare Dan 3:3, קֳדָם person Dan 7:10 participle as noun, those standing (there) vDan 7:16.
5. endure, kingdom Dan 2:44. Pa`el set up, establish an ordinance (קְיָם): Infinitive לְקַיָּמָה Dan 6:8. Haph`el (K§ 45, 4) Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲקֵים Dan 3:2 +, וַהֲקִים Dan 6:2, suffix הֱקִימֵהּ Dan 5:11, אֲקִימֵהּ Dan 3:1 3 feminine singular הֱקִמַת Dan 7:5 2 masculine singular הֲקֵימְתּ Dan 3:12; Dan 3:18 1 singular הֲקֵ֫ימֶת לָא Dan 3:14 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְהָקֵים (K§ 45, b)) Dan 5:21; Dan 6:16, יְקִים Dan 2:44; Dan 4:14 Infinitive suffix לַהֲקָמוּתֵהּ Dan 6:4 Participle active מְהָקֵים Dan 2:21 —
1. set up, literal image Dan 3:1; Dan 3:2; Dan 3:3 (twice in verse); Dan 3:5; Dan 3:7; Dan 3:12; Dan 3:14; Dan 3:18 figurative kings Dan 2:21, kingdom vDan 2:44.
2. lift up one side Dan 7:5 a (Dr).
3. establish, with accusative קְיָם Dan 6:16 (= Pa`el), אֱסָרָא v.Dan 6:9.
4. appoint Ezra 6:18, 2 accusative Dan 5:11 suffix person + עַל Dan 6:4, ל accusative of person + עַל Dan 4:14; Dan 5:21; Dan 6:2. Hoph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular הֳקִימַת (variants in Str; compare K§ 45, 5; not Hebraism NöGGA 1867, 1784; WCG 225, 253) Dan 7:4 be made to stand עַלרַגְיִן.

up, arose, arise, rise, stand, …
qûm
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
  • to rise, arise, stand, rise up, stand up
    • (Qal)
      • to arise
        • "to arise (hostile sense)"to arise, become powerful"to arise, come on the scene"to stand
        • to maintain oneself
          • "to be established, be confirmed"to stand, endure"to be fixed"to be valid"to be proven"to be fulfilled"to persist"to be set, be fixed
      (Piel)
      • to fulfil
        • "to confirm, ratify, establish, impose
      (Polel) to raise up"(Hithpael) to raise oneself, rise up"(Hiphil)
      • to cause to arise, raise
        • "to raise, set up, erect, build"to raise up, bring on the scene"to raise up, rouse, stir up, investigate"to raise up, constitute"to cause to stand, set, station, establish"to make binding"to carry out, give effect to
      (Hophal) to be raised up

רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים
רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים
Root word wicked, ungodly, wrong, condemned, guilty, …
Dictionary form: רָשָׁע · raw-SHAW

Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: but when the wicked
of the wicked ×84 the wicked ×68 and the wicked ×10 but the wicked ×9 wicked ×8 unto the wicked ×6 when the wicked ×6 a wicked ×5
More options
wicked person — Most direct modern rendering; clear moral condemnation.
evildoer — Active nuance; emphasizes harmful deeds over inner character.
ungodly person — Highlights rebellion against God; suits theological contexts.
villain — Vivid and accessible; better for narrative than legal texts.
guilty one — Prefer in legal or judicial settings; forensic connotation.
wrongdoer — Milder tone; useful when moral charge should be understated.

BDB8124 H7563

BDB8123 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8125

רָשָׁע263 adjective wicked, criminal; — absolute ׳ר Gen 18:23 +; plural רְשָׁעִים Isa 13:11 +; construct רִשְׁעֵי Ps 75:9 + 3 t. feminine singular רְשָׁעָה Ezek 3:18 (strike out Co), vEzek 3:19 (רָשָׁע Co); —

1. usually as substantive, one guilty of crime, deserving punishment; sometimes also wicked; opposed to צַדִּיע; רָשָׁע Exod 2:13; Exod 23:1 (E), Deut 25:2; Prov 17:23; Prov 18:5; Prov 25:5; Job 9:22; Job 9:24 collective Gen 18:23; Gen 18:25 (twice in verse) (J) Mic 6:10; Prov 3:33; Prov 28:4, רשׁעים 1Sam 24:14; Jer 5:26; Prov 19:28; Prov 20:26; Prov 29:12, אנשׁים רשׁעים 2Sam 4:11 (murderers), רָשָׁע לָמוּת Num 35:31 (P) guilty of death, ׳מוֺשֵׁל ר Prov 28:15, compare Prov 29:2, ׳הִצְדִּיק ר Exod 23:7 (E) Isa 5:23; Prov 17:15 ׳הִרְשִׁיעַ ר Deut 25:1; 1Kgs 8:32 = השׁיב לְרָשָׁע 2Chr 6:23 צַדִּיק ׳אמר לר Prov 24:24.
2. guilty of hostility to God or his people, wicked enemies: רשׁע singular Ps 17:13 + 6 t. Psalms; Isa 26:10 collective Ps 9:6; Ps 9:17; Ps 10:2 + 6 t. Psalms; Isa 11:4; Hab 3:13 רשׁעים Ps 3:8; Ps 7:10; Ps 9:18 + 5 t. Psalms; Isa 48:22; Isa 57:20; Isa 57:21; Jer 25:31; Ezek 21:34; Mal 3:21 ( + (possibly) other cases; often hard to decide); specifically of Pharaoh Exod 9:27 (J), Babylon Isa 13:11; Isa 14:5, Chaldeans Hab 1:4; Hab 1:13 || שׂנְאֵי יהוה 2Chr 19:2.
3. guilty of sin, against either God or man, wicked: האנשׁים הרשׁעים Num 16:26 (J, rebellious Korahites), Mal 3:18 (not serving ׳י), opposed to צַדִּיק; singular individual Ezek 3:18 (twice in verse); Ezek 21:30; Ezek 33:8 (twice in verse); Ps 11:5; Ps 32:10; Prov 9:7 +; collective Isa 3:11; Job 34:18; Job 36:6; Job 36:17 plural רשׁעים Isa 53:9; Jer 23:19 = Jer 30:23, Zeph 1:3; Ps 26:5; Prov 10:3; Eccl 8:10 +; || חסֹידים 1Sam 2:9 (Poem), Ps 12:9; Ps 50:16; Ps 97:10; Ps 145:20 || עֹזְבֵי תוֺדָתֶ֑ךָ Ps 119:53 compare V:61, +; ׳אדם ר Prov 11:7; Job 20:29; Job 27:13 ׳אִישׁ ר Prov 21:29 ׳מלאך ר Prov 13:17 זֶרַע רשׁעים Ps 37:28 עֲצַת רשׁעים Ps 1:1; Job 10:3; Job 21:16; Job 22:18 דֶּרֶךְ רשׁעים Jer 12:1; Ps 1:6; Ps 146:9; Prov 4:19; Prov 12:26 דֶּרֶךְ רשׁע Prov 15:9 מִדַּדְכּוֺ הָֽרְשָׁעה Ezek 3:18; Ezek 3:19 (but see, Co, above); רִשְׁעֵי (ה)ארץ Ps 75:9; Ps 101:8; Ps 119:119; Ezek 7:21 (ᵐ5 Co עריצי). — is rare before exile; chiefly Ezekiel Psalms Wisdom Literature.

wicked, ungodly, wrong, condemned, guilty, …
rāšāʿ
morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
  • wicked, criminal
    • guilty one, one guilty of crime (subst)
      • "wicked (hostile to God)"wicked, guilty of sin (against God or man)

יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ
יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ
Root word search, disguised, disguise, out, searched, …
Dictionary form: חָפַשׂ · haw-PAHS

Verb — Pual, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular intensive passive — "it was thoroughly done" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: is hidden
disguised himself ×4 i will disguise myself ×2 that i will search ×2 a diligent ×1 and disguised himself ×1 and he searched ×1 and he searched is ×1 and searchest ×1
More options
search — Core sense; use for thorough, deliberate investigation.
disguise — Use when concealing identity is the central idea.
investigate — Slightly formal; suits legal or official inquiry contexts.
examine — Good for careful, methodical scrutiny of a person or place.
conceal — Use when emphasis is on hiding rather than active disguising.
probe — Vivid choice for deep, persistent searching or inquiry.

BDB3020 H2664

BDB3019 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB3021

[חָפַשׂ] verb search (ᵑ7Jer חֲפַס dig, seek; Palestinian, Syriac dig (Schw); perhaps Assyrian êppêšu, êtpêšu, sensible, LyonSargontexte 65) —

Qal Imperfect 2 masculine singular suffix תַּחְפְּשֶׂ֫נָּה Prov 2:4 יַחְפְּשׂוּ Ps 64:7 נַחְפְּשָׂה Lam 3:40 Participle חֹפֵשׂ Prov 20:27 — search, search out, figurative;
1. search for, object בִּינָה etc. Prov 2:4 (|| בקשׁ).
2. = think out, devise, with accusative עולות unjust acts Ps 64:7 (compare also sub. Pu`al)
3. search = test, Lam 3:40 (object דרכינו; || חקר), Prov 20:27. Niph`al Perfect נַחְפְּשׁוּ Obad 1:6 subject עֵשָׂו collective; searched out = exposed and plundered (|| נִבְעוּ מַצְפּוּנָיו). Pi`el Perfect וְחִפַּשְׂתִּ֫י 1Sam 23:23 וְחִפְּשׂוּ 1Kgs 20:6 Imperfect וַיְחַפֵּשׂ Gen 31:35 + 2 t.; אֲחַפֵּשׂ Amos 9:3; Zeph 1:12 Imperative חַפְּשׂוּ 2Kgs 10:23 —
1. search through, with accusative, a house 1Kgs 20:6, Jerusalem (metaphor) Zeph 1:12 no object expressed 2Kgs 10:23.
2. search for:
  a. a person with accusative 1Sam 23:23.
  b. a thing, with accusative Gen 44:12 (J; Joseph searching for his cup); Gen 31:35 (E; no object expressed, Laban looking for his teraphim); Amos 9:3 (׳י searching for evildoers), Ps 77:7 (soul searching to understand ׳י's dealings with his servants). Pu`al Imperfect יְחֻפַּשׂ Prov 28:12 be searched for = be hidden; Participle מְחֻפָּשׂ Ps 64:7 in ׳חֵפֶשׂ מ = a searched out search, i.e. a device well thought out (compare Che; || Qal q. v.); see also חֵ֫פֶשׂ. Hithpa`el Perfect הִתְחַפֵּשׂ 2Chr 35:22 (but ᵐ5 הִתְחַזֵּק, compare also ᵑ9 ᵑ6 3 Esdr 1:26; so Be Öttli); Imperfect יִתְחַפֵּשׂ Job 30:18 וַיִּתְחַפֵּשׂ 1Sam 28:8 + 3 t.; Infinitive absolute הִתְחַפֵּשׂ 1Kgs 22:30 = 2Chr 18:29 — disguise oneself (literally let oneself be searched for) 1Sam 28:8; 1Kgs 22:30 (twice in verse) = 2Chr 18:29 (twice in verse), 2Chr 35:22 (but see above), all of disguise by change of garments; 1Kgs 20:38 באפר i.e. with headgear over eyes; subject לבושׂ Job 30:18, i.e. his garment is disguised, no longer looks like the mantle it is.

search, disguised, disguise, out, searched, …
ḥāpaś
to seek; causatively, to conceal oneself (i.e., let be sought), or mask
  • to search, search for, to search out, disguise oneself
    • (Qal)
      • to search for
        • "to think out, devise"to search, test
      (Niphal) to be searched out, be exposed"(Piel) to search, search through, search for"(Pual) to be searched for, be sought out"(Hithpael)
      • to disguise oneself
        • "to let oneself be searched for

אָדָֽם
אָדָֽם
Root word man, men, mans, adam, mens, …
Dictionary form: אָדָם · aw-DAWM

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: a man
of man ×143 man ×92 of men ×51 men ×26 a man ×24 of a man ×18 the man ×10 adam ×7
More options
human — Best general term; gender-neutral, covers individuals and collectives.
person — Emphasizes individual identity; good for singular contexts.
humanity — Ideal for collective or generic uses referring to humankind.
humankind — Broad collective; strong when contrasting humans with God or animals.
mortal — Highlights human frailty and finitude; fits poetic or theological passages.
man — Retain only when the male gender is contextually clear and intentional.

BDB108 H120 H121

BDB107 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB109

אָדָם560 noun masculineGen 1:27 man, mankind (Phoenician אדם, Sabean id., CISiv.1,l.4 and others; compare Assyrian admu, young (of bird) DlW, but NöZMG 1886, 722 identification with Arabic collective creatures) — Singular absolute except construct Prov 6:12 compare Thes; (׳בְּנֵי (הָ)א often = plural of ׳א Gen 11:5 +39 t., compare ׳בְּנוֺת הָא Gen 6:2; Gen 6:4) —

1. a man (= German Mensch) = human being Gen 2:5; Gen 2:7 (twice in verse); Gen 2:8; Gen 2:15; Gen 2:16; Gen 2:18 +, Gen 16:12 (27 t. J) Lev 5:4 || נֶפֶּשׁ Lev 13:2; Lev 13:9 (19 t. P) Neh 2:10; Isa 13:12 (|| אֱנוֺשׁ); הַגָּדוֺל ׳הָאָ Josh 14:15 (E); בְּלִיַּעַל ׳אָ Prov 6:12 (|| אִישׁ אָוֶן compare 1Sam 25:25 & see בליעל); = any one Lev 1:2; Num 9:6; Num 9:7; Job 20:29; Job 27:13; Prov 15:20; Prov 21:16; Prov 21:20; Prov 24:30; Eccl 7:20 + often Wisdom Literature, Jer 2:6; Jer 4:25; Neh 2:12, compare ׳נֶפֶּשׁ א Num 19:11; Num 19:13 +; seldom man opposed to woman Gen 2:22 (twice in verse); Gen 2:23; Gen 2:25; Gen 3:8; Gen 3:12; Gen 3:17; Gen 3:20; Gen 3:21; Eccl 7:28.
2. collective man, mankind Gen 1:26; Gen 9:5; Gen 9:6 (3 t. in verse) + (P 28 t.) Gen 6:1; Gen 6:5; Gen 6:6; Gen 6:7 (J E 24 t.) Deut 4:32 (D 6 t.) (on 2Sam 7:19 compare 1Chr 17:17 see DrSm); distinctly = men + women Gen 1:27; Gen 5:1; Num 5:6 given as name Gen 5:2 but = warriors Isa 22:6 ׳רֶכֶב א || (פּרשׁיםׅ; || beasts (41 t.) בְּהֵמָה Gen 6:7; Gen 7:23 (J ?) Exod 8:13; Exod 8:14; Exod 9:9; Exod 9:10 (P) Exod 9:19; Exod 9:22; Exod 9:25; Exod 12:12; Exod 13:2; Exod 13:13; Exod 13:15 (all J) +; late prophets Jer 21:6; Jer 31:27; Jer 50:3; Jer 51:62; Ezek 14:13; Ezek 14:17; Ezek 14:19; Ezek 14:21; Ezek 25:13; Ezek 29:8; Ezek 29:11; Ezek 32:13 (strike out Co) Ezek 36:11; Jonah 3:8; Zeph 1:3; Hag 1:11; Zech 2:8; Zech 8:10 || בָּקָר Ezek 4:15 || צֹאן, חֲמֹרִים ׳ב Num 31:28 || id. + מִכָּלהַֿבְּהֵמָה vNum 31:30 compare Jonah 3:7 || חַיָּה Gen 9:5 (P) compare Ezek 1:5; Ezek 1:8; Ezek 1:10; Ezek 1:26, & description of כְּרוּבִים Ezek 10:8; Ezek 10:14; Ezek 10:21 compare Ezek 41:19 || trees Deut 20:19 (read הֶאָדָם see Di); opposed to God 1Sam 15:29; 1Sam 16:7 (twice in verse); Isa 31:3; Ezek 28:2; Ezek 28:9; 1Chr 21:13; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 6:18; Mal 3:8 compare Exod 33:20; Deut 5:21 so ׳בֶּןאֿ Num 23:19 (|| אישׁ) Ezek 2:1; Ezek 2:3; Ezek 2:6; Ezek 2:8 (87 t. Ezekiel, always addressed to prophet); בְּנֵי ׳הָא 1Sam 26:19 made in God's image Gen 1:26; Gen 1:27; Gen 9:6 compare Eccl 7:29 as feeble, earthly, mortal Num 16:29 (twice in verse); Ps 82:7; Ps 144:3; Ps 144:4; Job 5:7; Job 14:1; Job 14:10 compare Job 25:6 (׳בֶּןאֿ) Eccl 12:5 as sinful 1Kgs 8:46; 2Chr 6:36; Jer 10:14 compare Num 5:6; Job 31:33; Hos 6:7 of men in general, other men (opposed to particular ones) Judg 16:17 (compare ׳אַחַד הָא vJudg 16:7 vJudg 16:11) Judg 18:7; Judg 18:28; Ps 73:5; Jer 32:20 +; || אִישׁ Isa 2:9; Isa 2:11; Isa 2:17; Isa 5:15 compare Ezek 23:42 (strike out Co Vrss); ׳בְּנֵי א 2Sam 7:14 (|| אֲנָשִׁים) Prov 8:4 (|| אִישִׁים); Ps 49:3; Ps 62:10 (both || בְּנֵי אִישׁ) = men of low opposed to men of high degree — so often Phoenician and = vassal Sabean DHMZMG 1875, 680 compare 686; ׳נֶפֶשׁ א collective Num 31:35; Num 31:40; Num 31:46; 1Chr 5:21; Ezek 27:13.
3. proper name, masculine Adam, first man (without article, compare שָׂטָן 1Chr 21:1 over ag. ׳הַשּׂ Job 1:6 etc.) Gen 4:25 (J) Gen 5:1; Gen 5:3; Gen 5:4; Gen 5:5 (P) 1Chr 1:1. (Gen 2:20; Gen 3:17; Gen 3:21 read ׳לָא see Di.)
4. proper name, of a location city in Jordan valley (as built ?) Josh 3:16.

man, men, mans, adam, mens, …
ʾādām
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
  • man, mankind
    • man, human being
      • "man, mankind (much more frequently intended sense in Old Testament)"Adam, first man"city in Jordan valley

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.
בַּעֲלֹ֣ץ צַ֭דִּיקִים Dechi — a lesser break רַבָּ֣ה תִפְאָ֑רֶת Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here וּבְק֥וּם רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים Revia Mugrash — a lesser break יְחֻפַּ֥שׂ אָדָֽם Silluq — end of the verse

בַּעֲלֹץ צַדִּיקִים רַבָּה תִפְאָרֶת וּבְקוּם רְשָׁעִים יְחֻפַּשׂ אָדָֽם׃
12
When righteous men do rejoice, there is great glory: but when the wicked rise, a man is hidden.
Cross References

Proverbs 29:2

בִּרְבוֹת צַדִּיקִים יִשְׂמַח הָעָם וּבִמְשֹׁל רָשָׁע יֵאָנַֽח עָֽם׃
2
When the righteous are in authority, the people rejoice: but when the wicked beareth rule, the people mourn.

Proverbs 11:10

בְּטוּב צַדִּיקִים תַּעֲלֹץ קִרְיָה וּבַאֲבֹד רְשָׁעִים רִנָּֽה׃
10
When it goeth well with the righteous, the city rejoiceth: and when the wicked perish, there is shouting.

Proverbs 28:28

בְּקוּם רְשָׁעִים יִסָּתֵר אָדָם וּבְאָבְדָם יִרְבּוּ צַדִּיקִֽים׃
28
When the wicked rise, men hide themselves: but when they perish, the righteous increase.

Esther 8:15

וּמָרְדֳּכַי יָצָא׀ מִלִּפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ בִּלְבוּשׁ מַלְכוּת תְּכֵלֶת וָחוּר וַֽעֲטֶרֶת זָהָב גְּדוֹלָה וְתַכְרִיךְ בּוּץ וְאַרְגָּמָן וְהָעִיר שׁוּשָׁן צָֽהֲלָה וְשָׂמֵֽחָה׃
15
And Mordecai went out from the presence of the king in royal apparel of blue and white, and with a great crown of gold, and with a garment of fine linen and purple: and the city of Shushan rejoiced and was glad.

Job 29:11

כִּי אֹזֶן שָׁמְעָה וַֽתְּאַשְּׁרֵנִי וְעַיִן רָאֲתָה וַתְּעִידֵֽנִי׃
11
When the ear heard me, then it blessed me; and when the eye saw me, it gave witness to me:

Hebrews 11:37

ἐλιθάσθησαν ἐπρίσθησαν ἐπειράσθησαν ἐν φόνῳ μαχαίρας ἀπέθανον περιῆλθον ἐν μηλωταῖς ἐν αἰγείοις δέρμασιν ὑστερούμενοι θλιβόμενοι κακουχούμενοι
37
They were stoned, they were sawn asunder, were tempted, were slain with the sword: they wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being destitute, afflicted, tormented;

Luke 19:37

Ἐγγίζοντος δὲ αὐτοῦ ἤδη πρὸς τῇ καταβάσει τοῦ Ὄρους τῶν Ἐλαιῶν ἤρξαντο ἅπαν τὸ πλῆθος τῶν μαθητῶν χαίροντες αἰνεῖν τὸν θεὸν φωνῇ μεγάλῃ περὶ πασῶν ὧν εἶδον δυνάμεων
37
And when he was come nigh, even now at the descent of the mount of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works that they had seen;

1 Chronicles 29:20

וַיֹּאמֶר דָּוִיד לְכָל-הַקָּהָל בָּֽרְכוּ-נָא אֶת-יְהוָה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶם וַיְבָרֲכוּ כָֽל-הַקָּהָל לַֽיהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֹֽתֵיהֶם וַיִּקְּדוּ וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ לַֽיהוָה וְלַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃
20
And David said to all the congregation, Now bless the LORD your God. And all the congregation blessed the LORD God of their fathers, and bowed down their heads, and worshipped the LORD, and the king.

1 Kings 19:3

וַיַּרְא וַיָּקָם וַיֵּלֶךְ אֶל-נַפְשׁוֹ וַיָּבֹא בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע אֲשֶׁר לִֽיהוּדָה וַיַּנַּח אֶֽת-נַעֲרוֹ שָֽׁם׃
3
And when he saw that, he arose, and went for his life, and came to Beer-sheba, which belongeth to Judah, and left his servant there.

Ecclesiastes 10:5

יֵשׁ רָעָה רָאִיתִי תַּחַת הַשָּׁמֶשׁ כִּשְׁגָגָה שֶׁיֹּצָא מִלִּפְנֵי הַשַּׁלִּֽיט׃
5
There is an evil which I have seen under the sun, as an error which proceedeth from the ruler:

Ecclesiastes 10:16

אִֽי-לָךְ אֶרֶץ שֶׁמַּלְכֵּךְ נָעַר וְשָׂרַיִךְ בַּבֹּקֶר יֹאכֵֽלוּ׃
16
Woe to thee, O land, when thy king is a child, and thy princes eat in the morning!

1 Chronicles 16:7

בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא אָז נָתַן דָּוִיד בָּרֹאשׁ לְהֹדוֹת לַֽיהוָה בְּיַד-אָסָף וְאֶחָֽיו׃
7
Then on that day David delivered first this psalm to thank the LORD into the hand of Asaph and his brethren.

1 Kings 18:13

הֲלֹֽא-הֻגַּד לַֽאדֹנִי אֵת אֲשֶׁר-עָשִׂיתִי בַּֽהֲרֹג אִיזֶבֶל אֵת נְבִיאֵי יְהוָה וָֽאַחְבִּא מִנְּבִיאֵי יְהוָה מֵאָה אִישׁ חֲמִשִּׁים חֲמִשִּׁים אִישׁ בַּמְּעָרָה וָֽאֲכַלְכְּלֵם לֶחֶם וָמָֽיִם׃
13
Was it not told my lord what I did when Jezebel slew the prophets of the LORD, how I hid an hundred men of the LORD's prophets by fifty in a cave, and fed them with bread and water?

2 Chronicles 30:22

וַיְדַבֵּר יְחִזְקִיָּהוּ עַל-לֵב כָּל-הַלְוִיִּם הַמַּשְׂכִּילִים שֵֽׂכֶל-טוֹב לַֽיהוָה וַיֹּֽאכְלוּ אֶת-הַמּוֹעֵד שִׁבְעַת הַיָּמִים מְזַבְּחִים זִבְחֵי שְׁלָמִים וּמִתְוַדִּים לַֽיהוָה אֱלֹהֵי אֲבֽוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃
22
And Hezekiah spake comfortably unto all the Levites that taught the good knowledge of the LORD: and they did eat throughout the feast seven days, offering peace offerings, and making confession to the LORD God of their fathers.

Jeremiah 36:26

וַיְצַוֶּה הַמֶּלֶךְ אֶת-יְרַחְמְאֵל בֶּן-הַמֶּלֶךְ וְאֶת-שְׂרָיָהוּ בֶן-עַזְרִיאֵל וְאֶת-שֶֽׁלֶמְיָהוּ בֶּֽן-עַבְדְּאֵל לָקַחַת אֶת-בָּרוּךְ הַסֹּפֵר וְאֵת יִרְמְיָהוּ הַנָּבִיא וַיַּסְתִּרֵם יְהוָֽה׃
26
But the king commanded Jerahmeel the son of Hammelech, and Seraiah the son of Azriel, and Shelemiah the son of Abdeel, to take Baruch the scribe and Jeremiah the prophet: but the LORD hid them.

1 Samuel 24:11

וְאָבִי רְאֵה גַּם רְאֵה אֶת-כְּנַף מְעִֽילְךָ בְּיָדִי כִּי בְּכָרְתִי אֶת-כְּנַף מְעִֽילְךָ וְלֹא הֲרַגְתִּיךָ דַּע וּרְאֵה כִּי אֵין בְּיָדִי רָעָה וָפֶשַׁע וְלֹֽא-חָטָאתִי לָךְ וְאַתָּה צֹדֶה אֶת-נַפְשִׁי לְקַחְתָּֽהּ׃
11
Moreover, my father, see, yea, see the skirt of thy robe in my hand: for in that I cut off the skirt of thy robe, and killed thee not, know thou and see that there is neither evil nor transgression in mine hand, and I have not sinned against thee; yet thou huntest my soul to take it.

2 Chronicles 7:10

וּבְיוֹם עֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁלֹשָׁה לַחֹדֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִי שִׁלַּח אֶת-הָעָם לְאָֽהֳלֵיהֶם שְׂמֵחִים וְטוֹבֵי לֵב עַל-הַטּוֹבָה אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂה יְהוָה לְדָוִיד וְלִשְׁלֹמֹה וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל עַמּֽוֹ׃
10
And on the three and twentieth day of the seventh month he sent the people away into their tents, glad and merry in heart for the goodness that the LORD had shewed unto David, and to Solomon, and to Israel his people.

Jeremiah 5:1

שׁוֹטְטוּ בְּחוּצוֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַם וּרְאוּ-נָא וּדְעוּ וּבַקְשׁוּ בִרְחוֹבוֹתֶיהָ אִם-תִּמְצְאוּ אִישׁ אִם-יֵשׁ עֹשֶׂה מִשְׁפָּט מְבַקֵּשׁ אֱמוּנָה וְאֶסְלַח לָֽהּ׃
1
Run ye to and fro through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in the broad places thereof, if ye can find a man, if there be any that executeth judgment, that seeketh the truth; and I will pardon it.

1 Chronicles 15:25

וַיְהִי דָוִיד וְזִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וְשָׂרֵי הָֽאֲלָפִים הַהֹֽלְכִים לְֽהַעֲלוֹת אֶת-אֲרוֹן בְּרִית-יְהוָה מִן-בֵּית עֹבֵֽד-אֱדֹם בְּשִׂמְחָֽה׃
25
So David, and the elders of Israel, and the captains over thousands, went to bring up the ark of the covenant of the LORD out of the house of Obed-edom with joy.

1 Kings 17:3

לֵךְ מִזֶּה וּפָנִיתָ לְּךָ קֵדְמָה וְנִסְתַּרְתָּ בְּנַחַל כְּרִית אֲשֶׁר עַל-פְּנֵי הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃
3
Get thee hence, and turn thee eastward, and hide thyself by the brook Cherith, that is before Jordan.
Proverbs 28:11
Read Proverbs 28
Proverbs 28:13