Psalms 104:32

הַמַּבִּ֣יט לָ֭אָרֶץ וַתִּרְעָ֑ד יִגַּ֖ע בֶּהָרִ֣ים וְֽיֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ

He looketh on the earth, and it trembleth: he toucheth the hills, and they smoke.

Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

הַ מַּבִּ֣יט

הַ

Prefix — article the

מַּבִּ֣יט

Root word look, looked, behold, consider, regard, …

Dictionary form: נָבַט · naw-BAHT

Verb — Hiphil, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state causative — "he made (someone) do" ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: he looketh

look ×10 behold ×4 looked ×4 and consider ×2 and look ×2 and looked ×2 and they shall look ×2 look down ×2

More options

look — Most natural modern default; fits nearly every context.

gaze — Implies sustained, intentional looking; more vivid.

look out — Good when directed downward or outward spatially.

consider — Fits reflective, thoughtful observation rather than a glance.

regard — Useful when attention or esteem toward something is stressed.

take notice — Emphasizes awareness or acknowledgment of what is seen.

BDB4942 H5027

[נָבַט] verb Pi`el, Hiph`il look (Late Hebrew Pi`el id.; Arabic is well or issue forth (of water). Assyrian nabâ‰u is shine Dl^{HWB 443}; Sabean epithet נבט protector (?literally looking with consideration upon Mordt^{ZMG xxx. 1876, 37}); proper name נבטאל God has seen, i.e. considered Levy-Os^{ZMG xix. 1865, 231}); —

Pi`el Perfect consecutive וְנִבַּט Isa 5:30 look (literally), followed by לְ. Hiph`il Perfect הִבִּיט Num 21:9 + 3 t.; וְהִבַּטְתָּ֫ 1Sam 2:32, etc.; Imperfect יַבִּיט Num 12:8 + 4 t.; וַיַּבֵּט 1Sam 17:42 + 4 t., etc.; Imperative הַבֵּט 1Kgs 18:43 +; הַבֵּיט Ps 142:5 (or Infinitive absolute), compare Lam 5:1 Kt; הַבִּ֫יטָה Ps 13:4 +, etc.; Infinitive construct הַבִּיט Exod 3:6 +, etc.; Participle מַבִּיט Ps 104:32 — look:

1. literally,
a. human subject, followed by אֶלֿ Exod 3:6 (E), Num 21:9 (JE), Isa 8:22 (|| פָּנָה לְמָ֑עְלָה vIsa 8:21), compare Isa 51:6, Jonah 2:5 followed by עַלֿ Hab 2:15 followed by אַחֲרֵי Gen 19:17; Gen 19:26 (J), Exod 33:8 (E), 1Sam 24:9 followed by ָ ה locative, Gen 15:5 (שָׁמַ֫יְמָה), compare Job 35:5 (שָׁמַיִם); followed by דֶּרֶחיָֿם 1Kgs 18:43 followed by accusative = look upon, behold Num 12:8 (E), Isa 38:11 absolute Job 6:19; 1Sam 17:42 (|| רָאָה), 1Kgs 18:43; 1Kgs 19:6 (followed by הִנֵּה), 1Chr 21:21 (|| רָאָה), so Ps 22:18.
b. subject eagle, absolute Job 39:29 (followed by adverb לְמֵרָחוֺק).

2. figurative: followed by אֶל regard, shew regard to 1Sam 16:7 (אֶלמַֿרְאֵהוּ), compare 2Kgs 3:14 (|| רָאָה); pay attention to, followed by אֶלֿ Isa 22:8 = consider Isa 51:1; Isa 51:2 look unto ׳י, followed by אֶלֿ Ps 34:6 (read Imperative plural ᵐ5 ᵑ6 Che), Isa 22:11; Zech 12:10 compare Ps 119:6 followed by אֶלכָּֿלמִֿצְוֺת; compare also Job 36:25 (absolute, followed by מֵרָחוֺק); followed by accusative אֹרְחֹתֶיךָ Ps 119:15, compare vPs 119:18, Isa 5:12 followed by accusative אָוֶן Num 23:21 (|| רָאָה); subject עֵינִי, ׳וַתַּבֵּט בְּשׁוּרַי בְּ Ps 92:12 see its desire upon, gloat over (compare רָאָה בְּ), different 1Sam 2:32 followed by accusative adverb Ps 142:5 (יָמִין to the right; || רָאָה); absolute Isa 42:18 (followed by לִרְאוֺת of purpose); Isa 63:5; Hab 1:5 (|| רָאָה), so Ps 91:8 (בְּעֵינֶיךָ), compare Prov 4:25, followed by לְֹנכַח (subject עֵינֶיךָ; || יַיְשִׁרוּ נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ).

3. subject ׳י: followed by אֶל + מִשָּׁמַיִם Ps 102:20 followed by אֶלֿ = look upon, i.e. endure to see Hab 1:13 (|| רָאָה); so followed by accusative vHab 1:13, compare Hab 1:3 (or causative Ew; || תַּרְאֵנִי); followed by לְ, Ps 104:32; Job 28:24; Ps 74:20 (לַבְּרִיתּ); followed by accusative Isa 64:8 (|| הֵן), Lam 3:63; Ps 10:14 (|| רָאָה); = regard, shew regard to, Amos 5:22; Ps 84:10; Lam 4:16, compare Ps 13:4 followed by אֶלֿ id. Isa 66:2 absolute Ps 94:9 i.e. have power of sight, Isa 18:4 followed by מִשָּׁמַיִם Ps 33:13; Ps 80:15; Isa 63:15 ( || רָאָה), Lam 1:11 (|| רָאָה), so vLam 1:12; Lam 2:20; Lam 5:1.

look, looked, behold, consider, regard, …

nābaṭ

to scan, i.e., look intently at; by implication, to regard with pleasure, favor or care

to look, regard

(Piel) to look

to look

וַ תִּרְעָ֑ד

וַ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

תִּרְעָ֑ד

Root word trembling, trembleth

Dictionary form: רָעַד · raw-AD

וַ

Vav-consecutive (wayyiqtol) The וַ prefix — vav with patach plus a doubling dagesh in the next letter — flips this verb into story-telling past: translate "and (he) ___ed", not "will ___".

Verb — Qal, Sequential Imperfect (Wayyiqtol), third person feminine singular simple action — "he did" story-telling past — try "and he ___ed" the built-in subject is "she (or it)"

In the KJV here: and it trembleth

trembling ×2 and it trembleth ×1 me and trembling ×1

More options

tremble — Most natural modern equivalent; broadly applicable.

shudder — Conveys sudden, intense physical reaction.

shake — Informal register; emphasizes visible physical motion.

quake — Stronger intensity; suits awe or fear contexts.

quiver — Suggests finer, more rapid trembling; emotional nuance.

BDB7991 H7460

[רָעַד] verb tremble, quake (Late Hebrew id., Hiph`il shake (rare), רְעָדָה a trembling, shaking; Arabic thunder (said of sky), VIII. tremble, quiver; Ethiopic tremble; Jewish-Aramaic רְעַד tremble, shake); —

Qal Imperfect 3 feminine singular וַתִּרְעָ֑ד Ps 104:32 and it (the earth) trembleth at the gaze of ׳י, in theoph. Hiph`il Participle עָמַדְתִּי מַרְעִיד Dan 10:11 I stood trembling; plural מַרְעִדִים Ezra 10:9, with יָשַׁב.

trembling, trembleth

rāʿad

to shudder (more or less violently)

to tremble, quake

(Qal)

to tremble

יִגַּ֖ע

Root word toucheth, touch, touched, come, came, …

Dictionary form: נָגַע · naw-ɡA

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: he toucheth

toucheth ×20 touch ×13 and touched ×7 touched ×7 came ×5 and touch ×3 hath touched ×3 he that toucheth ×3

More options

touch — Most common, neutral sense; physical or metaphorical contact.

reach — Prefer when extending toward or arriving at a boundary.

strike — Use when contact carries force or affliction.

come near — Highlights approach or proximity rather than contact itself.

affect — Good for abstract or emotional impact contexts.

afflict — Best when God or plague is the subject causing harm.

BDB4976 H5060

נָגַע :150 verb touch, reach, strike (Late Hebrew id.; Arabic is agree with one (of food), produce effect; Aramaic נְגַע Ithpa`al be struck (that is, with leprosy), compare Pi`el below); —

Qal Perfect ׳נ Gen 32:33 +; נָָֽגְעָה Judg 20:41 +; 1 plural suffix נְנַעֲנוּךָ Gen 26:29 Imperfect יִגַּע Lev 5:3 +; וַיִּגַּע Gen 32:26 +, etc.; Imperative גַּע Ps 144:5 + 2 t.; Infinitive construct נְגֹעַ, לִנְגּוֺעַ Gen 20:6 + 3 t.; גַּ֫עַת 2Sam 14:10; Ezek 17:10 suffix נָגְעֵךְ Ruth 2:9 etc.; Participle active נֹגֵעַ 1Kgs 19:5 +; נֹגְעִים Jer 12:14 feminine נֹגַ֫עַת Num 19:22 + 2 t.; plural נֹגְעֹת 1Kgs 6:27 passive נָגוּעַ Ps 73:14; Isa 53:4 —

1. a. touch, usually followed by בְּ Gen 3:3 (J), Gen 32:25; Gen 32:33; Exod 19:12 (twice in verse); Exod 19:13 (all E), Exod 29:37; Exod 30:20 (P), Lev 5:2; Lev 5:3 + 25 t. Leviticus; Num 16:26 + 7 t. Numbers (P) + Num 19:22 (no בְּ or object), Deut 14:8; Judg 6:21; 2Sam 23:7; 1Kgs 6:27 (twice in verse); 1Kgs 19:5; 1Kgs 19:7; 2Kgs 13:21; Esth 5:2; Dan 8:5; Dan 8:18; Lam 4:14 followed by אֶלֿ Hag 2:12; Num 4:15; 1Kgs 6:27; Dan 9:21, compare Hos 4:2 compare עַלפֶּֿה Isa 6:7 עַלשָֿׂפָה Dan 10:16 compare accusative Isa 52:11 absolute (no object expressed) Job 6:7; Lam 4:15.
b. of ׳י touching earth, mountains, etc., followed by בְּ Amos 9:5; Ps 104:32; Ps 144:5 figurative of ׳י touching the heart, followed by בְּ 1Sam 10:26.

2. nearly = strike, passive stricken, Ps 73:14; Isa 53:4 || מֻכֶּה), of wind Job 1:19; Ezek 17:10 of divine chastisement 1Sam 6:9; Job 1:11; Job 19:21 followed by אֶל Job 2:5.

3. touch = harm, followed by. בְּ, Gen 26:11 (J), Josh 9:19; 2Sam 14:10; 1Chr 16:22 || הָרֵעַ) = Ps 105:15; Jer 12:14; Zech 2:12 (twice in verse); followed by. אֶלֿ Gen 20:6 (touch a woman), so Prov 6:29 (followed by בְּ); followed by. accusative Gen 26:29 (J, suffix), so Ruth 2:9 see also Job 5:19 (subject רַע, followed by בְּ), Judg 20:34; Judg 20:41 (both subject רָעָה, followed by עַלֿ).

4. reach, extend to, 2Sam 5:8, followed by בְּ (but corrupt see Dr HPS); in metaphor, followed by עַד, of vine Isa 16:8; Jer 48:32 of sword Jer 4:10, compare vJer 4:18 of chastisement Mic 1:9, compare Job 4:5 (|| בּוֺא אֶלֿ); also (followed by אֶל) Jer 51:9 = come, followed by אֶלֿ Jonah 3:6 arrive (of time), absolute Ezra 3:1; Neh 7:73.

Niph`al Imperfect וַיִּנָָּֽנְעוּ Josh 8:15 be stricken, defeated (in battle), i.e. feign to be so, but read probably וַיִּנָָּֽגְפוּ, see נגף Niph`al

Pi`el Perfect suffix נִגְּעוֺ 2Chr 26:20 strike (with leprosy, 2 accusative), subject ׳י; so Imperfect וַיְנַגַּע 2Kgs 15:5; Gen 12:17 (subject ׳י; accusative of person + accusative of cognate meaning).

Pu`al Imperfect יְנֻגָּע֑וּ be sticken by diseases (?; compare Pi`el and נֶגַע

2. 3. especially 2Sam 7:14) Ps 73:5.

Hiph`il Perfect הִגִּיעַ Isa 25:12 + 6 t.; 2 feminine singular הִגַּ֫עַתְּ Esth 4:14 1 singular suffix וְהִגַּעְתִּ֫יהוּ Ezek 13:14, etc.; Imperfect יַגִּיעַ Isa 8:8 + 3 t.; וַיַּגַּע Isa 6:7; Jer 1:9, etc.; Infinitive construct הַגִּיעַ Esth 2:12; Esth 2:15 Participle מַגִּיעַ Gen 28:12 +; feminine מַגַּ֫עַת 2Chr 3:11 — cause to touch; reach, approach, arrive:

1. cause to touch, apply, Exod 12:22) (J E; מִדָּם, אֶלֿ); cause to touch (compare עַד עָפָר, לָאָרֶץ), i.e. bring to ground, Isa 25:5; Isa 25:12, compare Lam 2:2; Ezek 13:14 (followed by אֶלֿ), Exod 4:25 (J; followed by לְרַגְלָיו); followed by עַלפֶּֿה Isa 6:7; Jer 1:9 followed by בְּ Isa 5:8.

2. intransitive reach, extend, Gen 28:12 (followed by ָ ה locative); followed by אֶלֿ Zech 14:5, followed by עַד Isa 8:8 compare ׳תַּגּ יָדוֺ דֵּי שֶׂה Lev 5:7 if his hand do not reach enough for a lamb (i.e. he be not able to furnish a lamb); followed by לְ Job 20:6 (hyperbole) 2Chr 3:11 (twice in verse); 2Chr 3:12 followed by עַד לְ 2Chr 28:9 attain, followed by לְ Esth 4:14, arrive, come, followed by accusative of location Isa 30:4; Esth 4:3; Esth 8:17, followed by לְ (of time) Dan 12:12, followed by אֶלֿ 1Sam 14:9, followed by עַדֿ Ps 107:18, absolute Esth 6:14 followed by אֵצֶל Dan 8:7.

3. approach, of time, absolute Eccl 12:1; Song 2:12; Ezek 7:12 (|| בּוֺא); see also Esth 9:1 (followed by Infinitive), compare Esth 2:12; Esth 2:15; Ps 88:4 (followed by לְ).

4. of fate or lot, = befal, followed by אֶלֿ Esth 9:26; Eccl 8:14 (twice in verse); Ps 32:6.

toucheth, touch, touched, come, came, …

nāgaʿ

properly, to touch, i.e., lay the hand upon (for any purpose; euphemistically, to lie with a woman); by implication, to reach (figuratively, to arrive, acquire); violently, to strike (punish, defeat, destroy, etc.)

to touch, reach, strike

(Qal)

to touch

stricken (participle)

to cause to touch, apply

בֶּ הָרִ֣ים

בֶּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)

הָרִ֣ים

Root word mount, mountains, mountain, hill, hills, …

Dictionary form: הַר · hahr

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the hills

the mountains ×63 mount ×45 mountain ×38 in mount ×37 of the mountains ×27 the mount ×26 in the mount ×18 the mountain ×15

More options

mountain — Most common, neutral rendering for a single peak.

mountains — Use for plural or collective/range references.

hill country — Fits lower, inhabited highlands; regional sense.

highlands — Broader geographical region; good for narrative context.

hill — When the peak is modest or context implies smaller elevation.

range — When referring to an extended chain of peaks.

BDB2100 H3068 H3069 H1961 H430 H589 H2022 H6635

יהוה_{c. 6823} i.e. יַהְוֶה proper name, of deity Yahweh, the proper name of the God of Israel — (

1. ᵑ0 יְהוָֺה^C518 (Qr אֲדֹנָי), or יֱהוִֺה₃₀₅ (Qr אֱלֹהִים), in the combinations אדני יהוה & יהוה אדני (see אֲדֹנֶי), and with preposition בַּיהוָֺה, לַיהוָֺה, מֵיהוָֺה (Qr בַּאדֹנָי, לַאדֹנָי, מֵאדֹנָי), do not give the original form. ᵐ5 and other Vrss follow the Qr. On the basis of Exod 20:7; Lev 24:11 יהוה was regarded as a nomen ineffabile (see Philo^{de Vita Mosis iii. 519, 529}), called by the Jews הַשֵּׁם and by the Samaritans שׁימא. The pronunciation Jehovah was unknown until 1520, when it was introduced by Galatinus; but it was contested by Le Mercier, J. Drusius, and L. Capellus, as against grammatical and historical propriety (compare Bö^{§ 88}). The traditional Ἰαβέ of Theodoret and Epiphanius, the יָֿהוּ, יְהוֺֿ of compound proper name and the contracted form יָהּ all favour יַהְוֶךְ (compare יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן Ps 74:6 תַּהֲרוּ Isa 33:11), see Lag^{Sym i.14} Baud^{Studien i.179 ff.}; Dr^{Stud.Bib.i.1 ff.} For Jeve see Sta^{ZAW 1881, 346} De^{ib.1882, 173 f. & Gn. Excurs. ii.}

2. on literature of interpretations see Nes^Eg.67 Dr^{l.c. — Many recent scholars explain} יַהְוֶה as Hiph`il of היה (=היה) the one bringing into being, life-giver (compare חַוָּה Gen 3:20) Schr HSch; giver of existence, creator, Kue Tiele; he who brings to pass (so already Le Clerc),performer of his promises, Lag, Nes^Eg.88 (but Nes^{Eg.91 inclines to Qal as} RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev} see below); or from היה he who causes to fall, rain or lightning RS^{OTJC.ed.1, 423; om.ed.2, 245}, compare We^{Skizzen iii.175}; 'Fäller,' destroying foes, Sta^G.i.429 (dubiously). But most take it as Qal of הוה (= היה); the one who is: i.e. the absolute and unchangeable one, Ri; the existing, ever living, as self-consistent and unchangeable, Di; or the one ever coming into manifestation as the God of redemption, De Oehl; compare also RS^{Brit. & For. Ev. Rev. 1876}, he will be it, i.e all that his servants look for (compare Ew^infr), he will approve himself (give evidence of being, assert his being Dr^l.c.17)).

**Theories of non-Hebrew or non-Semitic origin, opposed (in their older forms) by Bau^{Rel. i. 181 ff. (see especially 230)}; Dl^{Pa 162 ff.} claimed Babylonian origin for יהו, against this Kue^{national Religions, etc., Note iv (Eng. Trans. 329 ff.)} Jastr^{JBL xiil {1894}, 103 f.} compare Hpt^{BAS i. 170 N}; Dl^{Babel u. Bibel, 46 f., 73 f.} makes same claim for יהוה, against this see especially Hirsch^{ZAW xxiil {1903}, 355 ff.} Zim^{KATS. 465 ff.}; Spiegelb^{ZMG:liii {1899}, 633 ff.} proposes (improbable) Egyptian etymology for יהוה; further discussions see in Kö^{EB NAMES, § 112 and n.3}. 'Jehovah' found in Jacob (? Johannes) Wessel († 1480), according to Schw^{ThLZ, 1905, col. 612}.

I. יהוה is not used by E in Genesis, but is given Exod 3:12-15 as the name of the God who revealed Himself to Moses at Horeb, and is explained thus : אֶהְיֶה עִמָּ֑ךְ I shall be with thee (Exod 3:12), which is then implied in אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה I shall be the one who will be it vExod 3:14a (i.e: with thee vExod 3:12) and then compressed into אֶהְיֶה vExod 3:14b (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12), which then is given in the nominal form יהוה He who will be it vExod 3:15 (i.e. with thee vExod 3:12). compare Ew^{BTh ii. 337, 338} RS^{l.c., Proph. 385 ff.} Other interpretations are: I am he who I am, i.e. it is no concern of yours (Le Clerc Lag^{Psalt.Hieron.156}); I am (this is my name), inasmuch as I am (אֲשֶׁר = כִּי; AE JDMich We^JD Th xxi, 540 = compare Hexateuch 72); Di and others I am who I am, he who is essentially unnameable, inexplicable, — E uses יהוה sparingly by the side of אלהים and האלהים in his subsequent narrative. The Ephraimitic writers in Judges Samuel Kings use it in similar proportions. P abstains from the use of יהוה until he gives an account of its revelation to Moses Exod 6:3 but subsequently uses it freely. He gives no explanation of its meaning. He represents that אֵל שַׁדַּי was the God of the patriarchs. J uses יהוה from the beginning of his narrative, possibly explaining it, Gen 21:83 by אל עולם, the evergreen tamarisk being a symbol of the ever-living God; compare De Gen 21:33. Elsewhere יהוה is the common divine name in pre-exilic writers, but in post-exilic writers gradually falls into disuse, and is supplanted by אלהים and אדני. In Job it is used 31 t. in prose parts, and Job 12:9 (a proverb); not elsewhere in the poem. Chronicles apart from his sources prefers אלהים and האלהים. Daniel uses יהוה only in chap. 9 (7 t.); Ecclesiastes not at all. In the Elohistic group of Psalm 42-83 it is used 39 t. (see אלהים) . It occurs as the name of Israel's God MI¹⁸. It is doubtful whether it was used by other branches of the Shemitic family, compare COT Gen 2:4b Dl^{Pa 158 ff.} Dr^{Stud. Bib. i. 7 ff}.

II. 1. יהוה is used with אלהים and suffixes, especially in D;
a. with אֱלֹהֶיךָ in the Ten Words Exod 20:2-12 (5 t.) = Deut 5:6-16 in the law of worship of J E, Exod 23:19; Exod 34:24; Exod 34:26 in D 234 t.; Josh 1:9; Josh 1:17; Josh 9:9; Josh 9:24 (D²); elsewhere Gen 27:20; Exod 15:26 (JE), Judg 6:26 Samuel & Kings 20 t.; 1Chr 11:2; 1Chr 22:11; 1Chr 22:12; 2Chr 9:8 (twice in verse); 2Chr 16:7; Isa 7:11; Isa 37:4 (twice in verse); Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 51:15; Isa 55:5; Jer 40:2 + (3t.); Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4; Hos 14:2; Amos 9:15; Ps 81:11.
b. with אֱלֹהֵיכֶם in D 46 t.; D² 28 t.; H 15 t.; P 15 t.; elsewhere Exod 23:25 (E); Exod 8:24; Exod 10:8; Exod 10:16; Exod 10:17 (JE); Judg 6:10; 1Sam 12:12; 1Sam 12:14; 2Kgs 17:39; 2Kgs 23:21; 1Chr 22:18 + (10 t. Chronicles) Ps 76:12; Jer 13:16 + (5 t.) Ezek 20:5; Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Ezek 20:20; Joel 2:13 + (6 t.) Zech 6:15.
c. with אֱלֹהֵינוּ in D 23 t.; in D² 5 t.; Exod 8:6 (JE) Exod 3:18; Exod 5:3; Exod 8:22; Exod 8:23; Exod 10:25; Exod 10:26 (E) Judg 11:24; 1Sam 7:8; 1Kgs 8:57; 1Kgs 8:59; 1Kgs 8:61; 1Kgs 8:65; 2Kgs 18:22; 2Kgs 19:10 = Isa 36:7; Isa 37:20; 1Chr 13:2 + (15 t. Chronicles) Mic 4:5; Mic 7:17; Isa 26:13; Jer 3:22 + (17 t.) Ps 20:8; Ps 90:17 (?;Baer אֲדנָֹי); Ps 94:23; Ps 99:5; Ps 99:8; Ps 99:9 (twice in verse); Ps 105:7; Ps 106:47; Ps 113:5; Ps 122:9; Ps 123:2; Dan 9:10; Dan 9:13; Dan 9:14.
d. with אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Exod 10:7 (J) Exod 29:46 (twice in verse); Lev 26:44 (P) Judg 3:7; Judg 8:34; 1Sam 12:9; 1Kgs 9:9; 2Kgs 17:7; 2Kgs 17:9; 2Kgs 17:14; 2Kgs 17:16; 2Kgs 17:19; 2Kgs 18:12; 2Chr 31:6; 2Chr 33:17; 2Chr 34:33; Neh 9:3 (twice in verse); Neh 9:4; Jer 3:21; Jer 22:9; Jer 30:9; Jer 43:1 (twice in verse); Jer 50:4; Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28; Hos 1:7; Hos 3:5; Hos 7:10; Zeph 2:7; Hag 1:12 (twice in verse); Zech 9:16; Zech 10:6.
e. with אֱלֹהָיו Num 23:21 (E) Exod 32:11 (J) Lev 4:22 (P) Deut 17:19; Deut 18:7; 1Sam 30:6; 1Kgs 5:17; 1Kgs 11:4; 1Kgs 15:3; 1Kgs 15:4; 1Kgs 2:11; 1Kgs 16:2; 1Kgs 2:1 + 13 t. Chronicles; Mic 5:3; Jer 7:28; Ps 33:12; Ps 144:15; Ps 146:5; Jonah 2:2. feminine with אֱלֹהַי Num 22:18 (JE) Deut 4:5; Deut 18:16; Deut 26:14; Josh 14:8; Josh 14:9; 2Sam 24:24; 1Kgs 3:7; 1Kgs 5:18; 1Kgs 5:19; 1Kgs 8:28; 1Kgs 17:20; 1Kgs 17:21; 1Chr 21:17; 1Chr 22:7; 2Chr 2:3; 2Chr 6:19; 2Chr 9:5; Ps 7:2; Ps 7:4; Ps 13:4; Ps 18:29; Ps 30:3; Ps 30:13; Ps 35:24; Ps 40:6; Ps 104:1; Ps 109:26; Isa 25:1; Jer 31:18; Dan 9:4; Dan 9:20; Jonah 2:7; Hab 1:12; Zech 11:4; Zech 13:9; Zech 14:5.
g. with אֱלֹהַיִךְ Isa 60:9; Jer 2:17; Jer 2:19; Jer 3:13; Mic 7:10; Zeph 3:17.
h. with אלהים, probably always due to later editors, or to a Qr which has crept into the text Gen 2:4b — Gen 3:23 (J, 20 t. either אלהים inserted by R^P as Di De; or יהוה inserted by J in an older source); Exod 9:30 (J, but not in ᵐ5 ⅏; Samaritan אדני יהוה; possibly ᵑ0 from earlier Qr, & ⅏ from later Qr); 2Sam 7:22; 2Sam 7:25 (ᵐ5 אדני יהוה and 1Chr 17:20-23 only יהוה); 1Chr 17:16; 1Chr 17:17 (but 2Sam 7:18; 2Sam 7:19 אדני יהוה) 1Chr 28:20; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 1:9; 2Chr 6:41 (twice in verse); 2Chr 6:42; 2Chr 26:18 (but in the original Ps 132:8 stood יהוה (so ℌ), or else no divine name); Ps 72:18 (the late doxology) Ps 84:12 (but it makes the line too long); Jonah 4:6. For the combinations with other divine names see those names.

2. the phrase אֲנִי יהוה is noteworthy: —
a. after אמר either alone Exod 6:2; Exod 6:29 (P) or before relative and other clauses: Gen 28:13 (J) Gen 15:7 (R) Exod 6:6 (P) with אלהיכם Judg 6:10; Ezek 20:5.
b. after ידע כי (α) Exod 7:17; Exod 8:18; Exod 10:2 (J); Exod 7:5; Exod 14:4; Exod 14:18 (P); 1Kgs 20:13; 1Kgs 20:28; Jer 24:7; Ezek 6:7 + 48 t. Ezekiel; (β) with אלהיכם Exod 6:7; Exod 16:12; Deut 29:5 (P) Exod 20:20; Joel 4:17 (γ) with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 (P) Ezek 28:26; Ezek 34:30; Ezek 39:22; Ezek 39:28 (δ) before relative and other clauses Isa 45:3; Isa 49:23; Isa 49:26; Isa 60:16; Ezek 7:9; Ezek 17:24; Ezek 21:10; Ezek 22:22; Ezek 35:12; Ezek 36:36 (ε) with various forms of קדשׁ Exod 31:13 (P) Ezek 20:12; Ezek 37:28; Ezek 39:7 (ζ) with דברתי Ezek 5:13; Ezek 17:21, compare ׳יֵדְעוּ אשׁר אני י Ezek 20:26.
c. after כִּי in various combinations Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Num 35:34 (P), Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8; Lev 21:15; Lev 21:23; Lev 22:16; Lev 24:22; Lev 25:17; Lev 26:1; Lev 26:44 (all H); Exod 15:26 (R) Isa 41:13; Isa 43:3; Isa 61:8; Jer 9:23; Ezek 12:25; Ezek 21:4; Zech 10:6; Mal 3:6.
d. emphatic Exod 6:8; Exod 12:12; Lev 26:2; Lev 26:45; Num 3:13; Num 3:41; Num 3:45 (all P); Lev 18:5; Lev 18:6; Lev 18:21; Lev 19:12; Lev 19:14; Lev 19:16; Lev 19:18; Lev 19:28; Lev 19:30; Lev 19:32; Lev 19:37; Lev 21:12; Lev 22:2; Lev 22:3; Lev 22:8; Lev 22:30; Lev 22:31; Lev 22:33 (all H) Isa 43:15 with אלהיהם Exod 29:46 with אלהיךָ Isa 48:17 with אלהיכם Lev 23:43; Lev 25:38; Lev 25:55; Num 10:10; Num 15:41 (twice in verse) (P) Lev 18:2; Lev 18:4; Lev 18:30; Lev 19:2; Lev 19:3; Lev 19:4; Lev 19:10; Lev 19:25; Lev 19:31; Lev 19:34; Lev 19:36; Lev 20:24; Lev 23:22; Lev 26:13 (all H) Ezek 20:7; Ezek 20:19; Joel 2:27 with מְקַדֵּשׁ Lev 20:8; Lev 22:9; Lev 22:32 (H), with דברתי Num 14:35 (P) Ezek 5:15 + (11 t. Ezekiel); with clauses Isa 27:3; Isa 41:4; Isa 41:17; Isa 42:6; Isa 42:8; Isa 45:5; Isa 45:6; Isa 45:7; Isa 45:8; Isa 45:18; Isa 45:19; Isa 45:21; Isa 60:22; Jer 17:10; Jer 32:27; Ezek 14:4; Ezek 14:7; Ezek 14:9; Ezek 34:24 אָנֹכִי יהוה is used in the Ten Words Exod 20:2; Exod 20:5 = Deut 5:6; Deut 5:9 cited Ps 81:11; Hos 12:10; Hos 13:4 elsewhere only Exod 4:11 (J) Isa 43:11; Isa 44:24; Isa 51:15.

3. יהוה is also used with several predicates, to form sacred names of holy places of Yahweh יהוה יראה Gen 22:14 (J); יהוה נסי Exod 17:15 (E) יהוה שׁלים Judg 6:24 יהוה צדקנו Jer 33:16 (compare Jer 23:6 where it is applied to the Messiah); יהוה שָׁ֑מָּה Ezek 48:35. — On combinations such as ׳הַר י, צְבָאוֺת ׳י etc., see הַר, צָבָא, etc.

Note. — Bonk^{ZAW 1891, 126 ff.} seems to shew that as prefix, in compare proper name, יְהוֺ is the oldest and the latest form and that יוֺ is intermediate, belonging to the earlier post-exilic period until the time of Chronicles; occasional copyists' mistakes being taken into the account.

BDB2139 H2022

[הוֺר], assumed by Thes and others as ancient form for הַר mountain, to explain הוֺרַי Gen 49:26, read הוֺרֵיעָֿד; but better הַרֲרֵיעַֿד everlasting mountains, see הַר below הרר.

BDB2240 H2022 H2042

הַר₅₅₈ noun masculine^{Gen 7:19} mountain, hill, hill-country (Late Hebrew id., plural הָרִים, הֲרָרִים; Phoenician הר CIS^{i. 3, 17}; Sabean suffix הרתהמו DHM^{ZMG 1876, 673}); — ׳ה absolute Josh 17:18 +; with article הָהָר Exod 3:12 +; with ָ ה locative הֶ֫רָה Gen 14:10, הָהָ֫רָה Gen 12:8 + 12 t.; construct הַר Gen 10:30 +; suffix הַרֲרִי Ps 30:8, הֲרָרִי Jer 17:3 הַרְכֶם Ps 11:1 הַרֲרָם Gen 14:6 plural הָרִים Deut 11:11 +; with article הֶהָרִים Gen 7:19 +; construct הָרֵי Gen 8:4 + 27 t.; הַרֲרֵי Deut 33:15 + 8 t. (all poetry); suffix הָרַי Isa 14:25; Isa 49:11; Zech 14:5 + Ezek 38:21 (B Co חרדה), הָרָ֑י Isa 65:9 הָרָיו Ezek 35:8; Mal 1:3 הֲרָרֶיהָ Deut 8:9 —

1. mountain, hill (these often not sharply distinguished, but):
a. specifically mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature; — e. g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) Exod 19:11; Exod 19:18; Exod 19:20; Exod 19:23; Exod 24:16; Exod 31:18; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:4; Exod 34:29; Exod 34:32; Lev 7:38; Lev 25:1; Lev 26:46; Lev 27:34; Num 3:1; Num 28:6; Neh 9:13 (see סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., Exod 19:2 + 10 t. Exod 19 (Exod 19:18 read הָעָם, so Manuscripts ᵐ5 Di) Exod 20:18; Exod 24:4 + 6 t. Exod 24; Exod 25:40; Exod 26:30; Exod 27:8; Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15; Exod 32:19; Exod 34:2; Exod 34:3 (twice in verse); Exod 34:29 = הֵר חוֺרֵב Exod 33:6 (see חֹרֵב), also אֶלהַֿר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה Exod 3:1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1Kgs 19:8 further הָהָר = id., Deut 4:11 (twice in verse); Deut 5:4; Deut 5:5; Deut 5:19; Deut 5:20; Deut 9:9 + 10 t. Deut 9. 10, 1Kgs 19:11 = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13 (all J E) = הַר יחוה Num 10:33 (compare Di); see further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) Num 20:22 + 10 t. Numbers; Deut 32:50 = חָחָר Num 20:28 (twice in verse); הַר נְבוֺ Deut 32:49; Deut 34:1 = הָהָר Deut 32:50 = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה Num 27:12; Deut 32:49, compare (לִפְנֵי נְבוֺ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים Num 33:47; Num 33:48 הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim Deut 11:29; Deut 27:12; Josh 8:33 ראֹשׁ הַרגְּֿרִזִּים Judg 9:7 הַר עֵֹיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal Deut 11:29; Deut 27:4; Deut 24:13; Josh 8:30; Josh 8:33 also הַר חֶרְמוֺן Mt. Hermon Deut 3:8; Josh 11:17; Josh 12:1; Josh 12:5; Josh 13:5; Josh 13:11; 1Chr 5:23 compare Deut 4:48 הַר שִׂיאֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֺן (see חֶרְמוֺן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֺן (see id., & בעל חרמון below בעל); הַר חַלְּבָנוֺן Mt. Lebanon Judg 3:3, compare מְרוֺם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֺן 2Kgs 19:23 = Isa 37:24 (see לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1Kgs 18:19; 1Kgs 18:20; 2Kgs 2:25; 2Kgs 4:25 (see כרמל); הָהָר = id., 2Kgs 4:27, apparently also 2Kgs 1:9 הַר תָּבוֺר Mt. Tabor, Judg 4:6; Judg 4:12; Judg 4:14, compare Jer 46:18 תָּבוֺר בֶּהָרִים (opposed to כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1Sam 31:1; 1Sam 31:8; 2Sam 1:6, also (poetry) ׳הָרֵי בַּגּ v2Sam 1:21 (compare Dr); הַרחֶֿרֶס Judg 1:35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) compare חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִים Zech 14:4 (twice in verse) Mount of Olives, (opposed to גֵּיא) compare הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ezek 11:23 also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַלפְּֿנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1Kgs 11:7 (place of Solomon's idolatry) = הַרהַֿמַּשְׁחִית 2Kgs 23:13 mountain of the destroyer (same combination in another, figurative sense Jer 51:25), others derive ׳הַמ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talmud, Shabb. 56 b), compare Hoffm^{ZAW 1882, 175}; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah Gen 22:2 mountains about Jerusalem in general, יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ Ps 125:2 compare also Ps 121:1 (|| יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerusalem Isa 22:5 of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mic 3:12 = Jer 26:18 ׳הַר בֵּיתיֿ Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1; 2Chr 33:15 also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Jer 17:3 further הַר צִיּוֺן Mt. Zion Isa 4:5; Isa 8:18; Isa 10:12; Isa 18:7; Isa 24:23; Isa 29:8; Isa 31:4; Isa 37:32; Mic 4:7; Lam 5:18; Obad 1:17. Joel 3:5; Ps 48:3; Ps 48:12; Ps 74:2; Ps 78:68; Ps 125:1 (see also צִיּוֺן); compare הַר בַּ֯יתצִֿיּוֺן Isa 10:32, ׳הַר בַּת צ Isa 16:1 ׳הַריֿ Isa 2:3 = Mic 4:2; Isa 30:29; Ps 24:3 (id. of Horeb Num 10:33 J E); צְבָאוֺת ׳הַריֿ הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zech 8:3, הַרקָֿדְשִׁי Zeph 3:11; Obad 1:16; Ezek 20:40; Isa 11:9 = Isa 65:25, compare Isa 56:7; Isa 57:13; Isa 65:11; Joel 2:1 (|| צִיּוֺן) Joel 4:17 (|| id.) Ps 2:6 (|| id.) Ps 3:5; Ps 15:1; Ps 43:3; Ps 48:2 see further הַרקָֿדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Isa 66:20 compare Dan 9:16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Isa 27:13 also הַר צְבִיקֹֿדֶשׁ Dan 11:45 הַרהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ Jer 31:23 even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dan 9:20 other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד לְשִׁבְתּוֺ ׳א Ps 68:17, & הַר מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 17:23; Ezek 20:40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ezek 28:14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים vEzek 28:16 (הַראֱֿלֹהִים Ps 68:16 is general, a God's mountain, i.e. a majestic mountain, likewise in simile כְּהַרֲרֵיאֵֿל מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ Ps 36:7); — הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) Exod 4:27; Exod 18:5; Exod 24:13; 1Kgs 19:8 (see above). Note particular הַרמֿוֺעֵד Isa 14:13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, see especially Che De Di, Dl^{Pa 117 ff.} COT^{on the passage} Jr^{57 ff.} Jen^{Kosmologie 23.} Upon the mountain is עָלהָֿהָר compare וַתֵּבְךְּ עַלבְּֿתוּלָיהָ עַלהֶֿהָרִים Judg 11:38, & the peculiar phrase וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַלֿ הֶהָרִים vJudg 11:37 go up upon עָלָה אָלֿ Exod 19:23; Exod 24:13; Exod 34:4 (all J E); compare accusative in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר Num 20:25 speak with one upon is דבר בהר Exod 31:18; Exod 34:32; Num 3:1 (all P), Lev 25:1 (H), compare command, give commands, law, etc., בהר Lev 7:38; Lev 26:46; Lev 27:34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (literally in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mountains) Exod 34:3 בְּכָל (JE) Exod 25:40; Exod 26:30; Exod 27:8; Num 28:6 (all P), Isa 13:4 but בְּחֹרֵב Ps 106:19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר Num 33:37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mountain is יָרַד מִןהָֿהָר Exod 32:1; Exod 32:15 (both J E) Exod 34:29 (twice in verse) (both P), compare Judg 9:36 etc.
b. mountain-range הַרבָּֿשָׁן Ps 68:16 (twice in verse) = הַראֱֿלֹהִים vPs 68:16 = הַרגַּֿבְנֻנִּים vPs 68:16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים vPs 68:17 (of the Jebel Hauran: see בשׁן).
c. mountain, indefinite, Job 14:18 (|| צוּר); usually plural mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poetry & the higher style; often figurative; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood Gen 7:20 compare vGen 7:19; Gen 8:5 covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) Ps 104:6 a chief work of God (in creation) Amos 4:13; Ps 65:7; Ps 90:2; Prov 8:25 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); weighed by God Isa 40:12 removed and overturned in anger of God Job 9:5 compare Ps 46:3; Ps 46:4 devastated by God Isa 42:15 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 9:9 smoking at God's touch Ps 104:32; Ps 144:5 melting at presence of ׳י Judg 5:5; Mic 1:4; Ps 97:5; Isa 63:19; Isa 64:2 trembling Isa 5:25 compare Jer 4:24 (|| גְּבָעוֺת), Nah 1:5 (|| id.), Hab 3:10 called to witness Yahweh's dealings with his people Mic 6:2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) compare vMic 6:1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת), entreated to cover the guilty Hos 10:8 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); addressed by ׳י also Ezek 6:3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת, opposed to אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֺת); specifically, mountains of Israel summoned to hear ׳י and addressed by him Ezek 36:1 (twice in verse); Ezek 36:4; Ezek 36:8; Ezek 37:22; Ezek 38:8; Ezek 39:2; Ezek 39:4 summoned to praise ׳י Ps 148:9 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Isa 44:23; Isa 49:13; Isa 55:12 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); leaping in praise of ׳י Ps 114:4; Ps 114:6 (both || גְּבָעוֺת); הַרֲרֵיקֶֿדֶם Deut 33:15 (|| גִּבְעוֺת עוֺלָם); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד Hab 3:6 (|| id.); הַרֲרֵיעַֿד also Ps 76:5 (according to ᵐ5 Bi Che; ᵑ0 has טֶרֶף for עַד), and probably Gen 49:26 for ᵑ0 הוֺרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֺלָם) compare Di.
d. high mountain הַר גָּבֹהַּ Isa 30:25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) compare Isa 40:9; Isa 52:7 הַר גָּכֹהַּ מְאֹד Ezek 40:2 הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ezek 17:22 plural הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים Gen 7:19; Ps 104:18 (|| סְלָעִים), הָרָמִים ׳הֶה Isa 2:14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת הַנִּשָּׂאוֺת), compare הֶהָרִים Ezek 38:20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֺת, חוֺמָה).
e. opposite valley or plain Josh 12:8 (D; opposed to מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֺת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), compare Deut 1:7, also Jer 17:26 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה); Gen 19:17 (J; opposed to כִּכָּר); often opposed to גַּיְא 2Kgs 2:16; Ezek 31:12 (figurative) Ezek 32:5 (id.) Ezek 35:8 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezek 36:4 (|| id.), Isa 40:4 (|| id.), opposed to בִּקְעָה Deut 8:7; Deut 11:11; Ps 104:8 opposed to מִדְבָּר Lam 4:19 (compare Josh 12:8 above); בֵּין הָרִים Ps 104:10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים; see also וְלֹאאֱֿלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים ׳אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י 1Kgs 20:28, compare v1Kgs 20:23 (opposed to מִישׁוֺר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Josh 13:19 (P), & גֵּיאהָֿרַי, גֵּיהָֿרִים Zech 14:5 (twice in verse); further מִדְבַּר הָרִים Ps 75:7 mountainous desert Vrss. & most modern (Baer מִדְבָּר but compare De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה Gen 14:10. feminine mountains as hiding-places: — הַמִּנְהָרוֺת אֲוֶר בֶּהָרִים Judg 6:2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mountains; compare Ps 11:1; Jer 16:16 (|| גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Job 28:9 (of mining), see also Deut 8:9.
g. mountains as running-place of gazelles 1Chr 12:8 of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Song 4:8 hunting-ground for partridges 1Sam 26:20 עוֺף הָרִים Ps 50:11 compare Ps 11:1 (figurative); wandering-place of lost sheep (figurative) Nah 3:18; 1Kgs 22:17; Jer 50:6 compare vJer 50:6 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ezek 34:6 (|| כָּלגִּֿבְעָה רָמָה) 2Chr 18:16.
h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֺת בְּהַרֲרֵיאָֿ֑לֶףPs 50:10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), compare יְתוּר הָרִים Job 39:8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera lectio) בּוּל הָרִים Job 40:20, i.e. mountains as furnishing food for hippopotamus; see further Song 4:6; Song 8:14; Prov 27:25.
i. as place of field and vineyards 2Chr 26:10 (opposed to שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֺר) Isa 7:25 see also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר Ps 147:8 compare Hag 1:11 figurative Ps 72:3 (|| גְּבָעוֺת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֺת תֵּלַכְנָה חָלָב Joel 4:18 compare Amos 9:13
j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in simile) Ps 83:15.
k. as scene of massacre, (figurative) Isa 34:3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1Sam 17:3 (twice in verse).

1. as places of illicit worship Isa 65:7 (|| גְּבָעוֺת) compare Jer 3:6 & apparently vJer 3:25 (|| id.) so הַרגָּֿבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Isa 57:7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים Deut 12:2 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); but Ezek 18:6; Ezek 18:15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים compare RS^{K 310} & Ezek 33:25. masculine in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1Sam 23:26 (twice in verse); 2Sam 13:34 side of the mountain, צֵלַע הָהָר 2Sam 16:13 id.; מֹץ הָרִים Isa 17:13 chaff of mountains; זֶרֶם הָרִים Job 24:8 mountain-shower; צֵל הֶהָרִים Judg 9:36 shadow of the mountains; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zech 6:1 top of mountain usually ראֹשׁ הָהָר Num 14:40; Num 14:44; 1Sam 26:13; 2Kgs 1:9 as place for beacon Isa 30:17 (|| גִּבְעָה), (compare הַרנִֿשְׁפֶּה Isa 13:2 & נְשׂאֹנֵֿס הָרִים Isa 18:3), ראֹשׁ הֶהָרִים Isa 2:2 = Mic 4:1, ראֹשׁ הָרִים Isa 42:11 (|| סֶלַע as dwelling-place) see also Ps 72:16 רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים Gen 8:5 as lurking-places for ambuscade Judg 9:25; Judg 9:36, placesfor altars Ezek 6:13 (|| גִּבְעָה רָמָה), for sacrifice Hos 4:13 (|| הַגְּבָעוֺת); ראֹשׁ הָהָר Josh 15:8 = mountain-ridge, compare vJosh 15:9; Judg 16:3 תּוֺעֲפוֺת הָרִים Ps 95:4 foundations of mountains מוֺסְדֵי הָרִים Deut 32:22; Ps 18:8 (|| מוֺסְדוֺת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2Sam 22:8); compare לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jonah 2:7. noun in figure uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֺת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Isa 41:15 figurative of Israel's overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַלהָֿרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Jer 13:16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Isa 54:10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh's kindness (|| גְּבָעוֺת); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Jer 51:25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה vJer 51:25 figurative of Babylon.

2. hill-country, mountain-region,
a. opposed to plain, etc.: — dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר Num 13:17; Num 13:29 (of promised land; opposed to אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַדהַֿיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֺף הַיָּם Deut 1:7 בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנְַּרוֺת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֺת דּוֺר מִיָּם Josh 11:2 בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֺת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב Josh 12:8 compare Josh 9:1; Josh 10:40; Judg 1:9 הָהָר indefinite (the hill-country, the mountains, in general) 2Chr 2:1 (place for hewing wood) so v.2Chr 2:17; Neh 8:15 (place for cutting boughs), etc.
b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי Deut 1:7 (compare vDeut 1:7) vDeut 1:19 (compare vDeut 1:24), also Josh 10:6 of Amalekites Judg 12:15 of Ephraim Josh 17:15; Josh 19:50; Josh 20:7; Josh 21:21; Josh 24:30; Josh 24:33; Judg 3:27; Judg 4:5; Judg 7:24; Judg 9:48; Judg 17:1 + 6 t. Judg 17; 1Sam 1:1; 1Sam 9:4; 1Sam 14:22; 2Sam 20:21; 1Kgs 4:8; 1Kgs 12:25; 2Kgs 5:22; 1Chr 6:52; 2Chr 13:4; 2Chr 15:8; 2Chr 19:4; Jer 4:15; Jer 31:6 Ephraim and Gilead Jer 50:19 (compare also (ה)הר Josh 17:16; Josh 17:18; Judg 3:27); of Israel Josh 11:16; Josh 11:21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 6:2; Ezek 19:9; Ezek 33:28; Ezek 34:13; Ezek 35:12 הָרֵי מְרוֺם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ezek 17:23; Ezek 20:40 (|| הַרקָֿדְשִׁי) Ezek 34:14 עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country Deut 2:37 (of Ammonites), Jer 32:44; Jer 33:13 hill-country of Judah Josh 11:21; Josh 15:48; Josh 18:12; Josh 20:7; Josh 21:11; 2Chr 21:11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 2Chr 27:4 abode of Jebusites Josh 11:3.

הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרִי, הַרֲרָם, הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרֶיהָ see הר.

mount, mountains, mountain, hill, hills, …

har

a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)

hill, mountain, hill country, mount

וְֽ יֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ

וְֽ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

יֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ

Root word smoke, angry

Dictionary form: עָשַׁן · aw-SHAHN

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: and they smoke

and they shall smoke ×1 and they smoke ×1 on a smoke ×1 shall smoke ×1 smoke ×1 wilt thou be angry ×1

More options

smoke — Primary meaning; literal rising of smoke.

smolder — Implies slow, sustained burning; vivid imagery.

fume — Captures both literal smoke and simmering anger.

rage — Foregrounds the anger nuance; strong emotional register.

burn with anger — Idiomatic; bridges literal and emotional senses.

seethe — Colloquial; best for divine or intense human wrath.

BDB6452 H6225

עָשַׁן verb denominative smoke, be wroth; —

Qal 1. a. smoke, Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳ע of mountain Exod 19:18, so Imperfect 3 masculine plural יֶעֱשָׁ֑נוּ (at touch of ׳י) Ps 104:32; Ps 144:5.
b. figurative, 3 masculine singular ׳יֶעְשַׁן אַףיֿ, with ב against, Deut 20:19; Ps 74:1. Hence

2. subject person, fume, i.e.be wroth, Perfect 2 masculine singular ׳עָשַׁנְתָּ בּ Ps 80:5.

smoke, angry

ʿāšan

to smoke, whether literal or figurative

to smoke, be angry, be wroth

(Qal)

to smoke

This book is chanted to the poetic accent system (used only in Job, Psalms, and Proverbs). Each group below ends at one of its pausing accents — translate a group as one unit.

הַמַּבִּ֣יט לָ֭אָרֶץ Dechi — a lesser break וַתִּרְעָ֑ד Atnach — the verse's main pause — take a breath here יִגַּ֖ע בֶּהָרִ֣ים וְֽיֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ Silluq — end of the verse

הַמַּבִּיט לָאָרֶץ וַתִּרְעָד יִגַּע בֶּהָרִים וְֽיֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ׃

He looketh on the earth, and it trembleth: he toucheth the hills, and they smoke.

Cross References

Psalms 144:5

יְהוָה הַט-שָׁמֶיךָ וְתֵרֵד גַּע בֶּהָרִים וְֽיֶעֱשָֽׁנוּ׃

Bow thy heavens, O LORD, and come down: touch the mountains, and they shall smoke.

Exodus 19:18

וְהַר סִינַי עָשַׁן כֻּלּוֹ מִפְּנֵי אֲשֶׁר יָרַד עָלָיו יְהוָה בָּאֵשׁ וַיַּעַל עֲשָׁנוֹ כְּעֶשֶׁן הַכִּבְשָׁן וַיֶּֽחֱרַד כָּל-הָהָר מְאֹֽד׃

And mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire: and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.

Psalms 97:4

הֵאִירוּ בְרָקָיו תֵּבֵל רָאֲתָה וַתָּחֵל הָאָֽרֶץ׃

His lightnings enlightened the world: the earth saw, and trembled.

Habakkuk 3:10

רָאוּךָ יָחִילוּ הָרִים זֶרֶם מַיִם עָבָר נָתַן תְּהוֹם קוֹלוֹ רוֹם יָדֵיהוּ נָשָֽׂא׃

The mountains saw thee, and they trembled: the overflowing of the water passed by: the deep uttered his voice, and lifted up his hands on high.

Psalms 114:7

מִלִּפְנֵי אָדוֹן חוּלִי אָרֶץ מִלִּפְנֵי אֱלוֹהַּ יַעֲקֹֽב׃

Tremble, thou earth, at the presence of the Lord, at the presence of the God of Jacob;

Revelation 20:11

Καὶ εἶδον θρόνον λευκὸν μέγαν καὶ τὸν καθήμενον ἐπ' αὐτοῦ οὗ ἀπὸ προσώπου ἔφυγεν ἡ γῆ καὶ ὁ οὐρανός καὶ τόπος οὐχ εὑρέθη αὐτοῖς

And I saw a great white throne, and him that sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away; and there was found no place for them.

Jeremiah 4:23

רָאִיתִי אֶת-הָאָרֶץ וְהִנֵּה-תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ וְאֶל-הַשָּׁמַיִם וְאֵין אוֹרָֽם׃

I beheld the earth, and, lo, it was without form, and void; and the heavens, and they had no light.

Nahum 1:5

הָרִים רָעֲשׁוּ מִמֶּנּוּ וְהַגְּבָעוֹת הִתְמֹגָגוּ וַתִּשָּׂא הָאָרֶץ מִפָּנָיו וְתֵבֵל וְכָל-יוֹשְׁבֵי בָֽהּ׃

The mountains quake at him, and the hills melt, and the earth is burned at his presence, yea, the world, and all that dwell therein.

Amos 8:8

הַעַל זֹאת לֹֽא-תִרְגַּז הָאָרֶץ וְאָבַל כָּל-יוֹשֵׁב בָּהּ וְעָלְתָה כָאֹר כֻּלָּהּ וְנִגְרְשָׁה ‫(ונשקה)‬ וְנִשְׁקְעָה כִּיאוֹר מִצְרָֽיִם׃

Shall not the land tremble for this, and every one mourn that dwelleth therein? and it shall rise up wholly as a flood; and it shall be cast out and drowned, as by the flood of Egypt.

Jeremiah 5:22

הַאוֹתִי לֹא-תִירָאוּ נְאֻם-יְהוָֹה אִם מִפָּנַי לֹא תָחִילוּ אֲשֶׁר-שַׂמְתִּי חוֹל גְּבוּל לַיָּם חָק-עוֹלָם וְלֹא יַעַבְרֶנְהוּ וַיִּֽתְגָּעֲשׁוּ וְלֹא יוּכָלוּ וְהָמוּ גַלָּיו וְלֹא יַעַבְרֻֽנְהוּ׃

Fear ye not me? saith the LORD: will ye not tremble at my presence, which have placed the sand for the bound of the sea by a perpetual decree, that it cannot pass it: and though the waves thereof toss themselves, yet can they not prevail; though they roar, yet can they not pass over it?

Habakkuk 3:5

לְפָנָיו יֵלֶךְ דָּבֶר וְיֵצֵא רֶשֶׁף לְרַגְלָֽיו׃

Before him went the pestilence, and burning coals went forth at his feet.

Psalms 77:16

רָאוּךָ מַּיִם׀ אֱֽלֹהִים רָאוּךָ מַּיִם יָחִילוּ אַף יִרְגְּזוּ תְהֹמֽוֹת׃

The waters saw thee, O God, the waters saw thee; they were afraid: the depths also were troubled.

Psalms 50:3

יָבֹא אֱלֹהֵינוּ וְֽאַל-יֶחֱרַשׁ אֵשׁ-לְפָנָיו תֹּאכֵל וּסְבִיבָיו נִשְׂעֲרָה מְאֹֽד׃

Our God shall come, and shall not keep silence: a fire shall devour before him, and it shall be very tempestuous round about him.

Isaiah 64:1

לוּא-קָרַעְתָּ שָׁמַיִם יָרַדְתָּ מִפָּנֶיךָ הָרִים נָזֹֽלּוּ׃

Oh that thou wouldest rend the heavens, that thou wouldest come down, that the mountains might flow down at thy presence,

Revelation 19:3

καὶ δεύτερον εἴρηκαν Ἁλληλουϊά· καὶ ὁ καπνὸς αὐτῆς ἀναβαίνει εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων

And again they said, Alleluia. And her smoke rose up for ever and ever.

Psalms 104:31

Read Psalms 104

Psalms 104:33

Psalms 104:32

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Td/Vhrmsa

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5027

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Rd/Ncbsa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H776

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqw3fs

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H7460

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqi3ms

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H5060

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Rd/Ncmpa

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H2022

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Vqi3mp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H6225

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV