Psalms 49:12

וְ אָדָ֣ם

וְ

Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)

אָדָ֣ם

Root word man, men, mans, adam, mens, …

Dictionary form: אָדָם · aw-DAWM

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: nevertheless man

of man ×143 man ×92 of men ×51 men ×26 a man ×24 of a man ×18 the man ×10 adam ×7

More options

human — Best general term; gender-neutral, covers individuals and collectives.

person — Emphasizes individual identity; good for singular contexts.

humanity — Ideal for collective or generic uses referring to humankind.

humankind — Broad collective; strong when contrasting humans with God or animals.

mortal — Highlights human frailty and finitude; fits poetic or theological passages.

man — Retain only when the male gender is contextually clear and intentional.

BDB108 H120 H121

אָדָם₅₆₀ noun masculine^{Gen 1:27} man, mankind (Phoenician אדם, Sabean id., CIS^iv.1,l.4 and others; compare Assyrian admu, young (of bird) Dl^W, but Nö^{ZMG 1886, 722} identification with Arabic collective creatures) — Singular absolute except construct Prov 6:12 compare Thes; (׳בְּנֵי (הָ)א often = plural of ׳א Gen 11:5 +39 t., compare ׳בְּנוֺת הָא Gen 6:2; Gen 6:4) —

1. a man (= German Mensch) = human being Gen 2:5; Gen 2:7 (twice in verse); Gen 2:8; Gen 2:15; Gen 2:16; Gen 2:18 +, Gen 16:12 (27 t. J) Lev 5:4 || נֶפֶּשׁ Lev 13:2; Lev 13:9 (19 t. P) Neh 2:10; Isa 13:12 (|| אֱנוֺשׁ); הַגָּדוֺל ׳הָאָ Josh 14:15 (E); בְּלִיַּעַל ׳אָ Prov 6:12 (|| אִישׁ אָוֶן compare 1Sam 25:25 & see בליעל); = any one Lev 1:2; Num 9:6; Num 9:7; Job 20:29; Job 27:13; Prov 15:20; Prov 21:16; Prov 21:20; Prov 24:30; Eccl 7:20 + often Wisdom Literature, Jer 2:6; Jer 4:25; Neh 2:12, compare ׳נֶפֶּשׁ א Num 19:11; Num 19:13 +; seldom man opposed to woman Gen 2:22 (twice in verse); Gen 2:23; Gen 2:25; Gen 3:8; Gen 3:12; Gen 3:17; Gen 3:20; Gen 3:21; Eccl 7:28.

2. collective man, mankind Gen 1:26; Gen 9:5; Gen 9:6 (3 t. in verse) + (P 28 t.) Gen 6:1; Gen 6:5; Gen 6:6; Gen 6:7 (J E 24 t.) Deut 4:32 (D 6 t.) (on 2Sam 7:19 compare 1Chr 17:17 see Dr^Sm); distinctly = men + women Gen 1:27; Gen 5:1; Num 5:6 given as name Gen 5:2 but = warriors Isa 22:6 ׳רֶכֶב א || (פּרשׁיםׅ; || beasts (41 t.) בְּהֵמָה Gen 6:7; Gen 7:23 (J ?) Exod 8:13; Exod 8:14; Exod 9:9; Exod 9:10 (P) Exod 9:19; Exod 9:22; Exod 9:25; Exod 12:12; Exod 13:2; Exod 13:13; Exod 13:15 (all J) +; late prophets Jer 21:6; Jer 31:27; Jer 50:3; Jer 51:62; Ezek 14:13; Ezek 14:17; Ezek 14:19; Ezek 14:21; Ezek 25:13; Ezek 29:8; Ezek 29:11; Ezek 32:13 (strike out Co) Ezek 36:11; Jonah 3:8; Zeph 1:3; Hag 1:11; Zech 2:8; Zech 8:10 || בָּקָר Ezek 4:15 || צֹאן, חֲמֹרִים ׳ב Num 31:28 || id. + מִכָּלהַֿבְּהֵמָה vNum 31:30 compare Jonah 3:7 || חַיָּה Gen 9:5 (P) compare Ezek 1:5; Ezek 1:8; Ezek 1:10; Ezek 1:26, & description of כְּרוּבִים Ezek 10:8; Ezek 10:14; Ezek 10:21 compare Ezek 41:19 || trees Deut 20:19 (read הֶאָדָם see Di); opposed to God 1Sam 15:29; 1Sam 16:7 (twice in verse); Isa 31:3; Ezek 28:2; Ezek 28:9; 1Chr 21:13; 1Chr 29:1; 2Chr 6:18; Mal 3:8 compare Exod 33:20; Deut 5:21 so ׳בֶּןאֿ Num 23:19 (|| אישׁ) Ezek 2:1; Ezek 2:3; Ezek 2:6; Ezek 2:8 (87 t. Ezekiel, always addressed to prophet); בְּנֵי ׳הָא 1Sam 26:19 made in God's image Gen 1:26; Gen 1:27; Gen 9:6 compare Eccl 7:29 as feeble, earthly, mortal Num 16:29 (twice in verse); Ps 82:7; Ps 144:3; Ps 144:4; Job 5:7; Job 14:1; Job 14:10 compare Job 25:6 (׳בֶּןאֿ) Eccl 12:5 as sinful 1Kgs 8:46; 2Chr 6:36; Jer 10:14 compare Num 5:6; Job 31:33; Hos 6:7 of men in general, other men (opposed to particular ones) Judg 16:17 (compare ׳אַחַד הָא vJudg 16:7 vJudg 16:11) Judg 18:7; Judg 18:28; Ps 73:5; Jer 32:20 +; || אִישׁ Isa 2:9; Isa 2:11; Isa 2:17; Isa 5:15 compare Ezek 23:42 (strike out Co Vrss); ׳בְּנֵי א 2Sam 7:14 (|| אֲנָשִׁים) Prov 8:4 (|| אִישִׁים); Ps 49:3; Ps 62:10 (both || בְּנֵי אִישׁ) = men of low opposed to men of high degree — so often Phoenician and = vassal Sabean DHM^{ZMG 1875, 680} compare 686; ׳נֶפֶשׁ א collective Num 31:35; Num 31:40; Num 31:46; 1Chr 5:21; Ezek 27:13.

3. proper name, masculine Adam, first man (without article, compare שָׂטָן 1Chr 21:1 over ag. ׳הַשּׂ Job 1:6 etc.) Gen 4:25 (J) Gen 5:1; Gen 5:3; Gen 5:4; Gen 5:5 (P) 1Chr 1:1. (Gen 2:20; Gen 3:17; Gen 3:21 read ׳לָא see Di.)

4. proper name, of a location city in Jordan valley (as built ?) Josh 3:16.

man, men, mans, adam, mens, …

ʾādām

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

man, mankind

man, human being

בִּ ֭יקָר

בִּ

Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with

֭יקָר

Root word honour, things, precious, price, thing

Dictionary form: יְקָר · yeh-KAWR

Noun — Common, masculine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: being in honour

to honour ×5 honour ×3 and honour ×1 and precious things ×1 are a precious ×1 being in honour ×1 precious thing ×1 price ×1

More options

honor — Best default; covers dignity, esteem, and prestige.

worth — Emphasizes intrinsic value; suits monetary or moral contexts.

preciousness — Highlights rarity and high regard for objects or people.

splendor — Prefer when glory or magnificence is the dominant sense.

distinction — Suits social rank or elevated status contexts.

prize — Colloquial; good for tangible, highly valued possessions.

BDB3700 H3366

יְקָר noun masculine preciousness, price, honour (late: compare BA ᵑ7 יְקָר, glory); — absolute יְקָר Zech 11:13 + 5 t.; בִּיקָר etc. Ps 49:13 + 3 t.; construct יְקָר Esth 1:4 suffix בִּיקָרוֺ Esth 6:6 + 4 t.; יְקָרָהּ Jer 20:5 —

1. preciousness:
a. = precious (costly) things (collective) Jer 20:5 (om. ᵐ5), חֹסֶן וִיקָר Ezek 22:25 כָּליְֿקָר Job 28:10.
b. כְּלִי יְקָר Prov 20:15 a jewel of preciousness = precious jewel (|| זָהָב, פְּנִינִים).

2. price Zech 11:13, see יָקַר

2, 3. honour, Ps 49:13; Ps 49:21 elsewhere only Esther: יְקָר תִּפְאֶרֶת גְּדוּלָּתוֺ Esth 1:4 (|| כְּבוֺד מַלְכוּתוֺ); יִתְּנוּ יְקָר לְ vEsth 1:20 all wives give honour to their lords; מַהנַּֿעֲשָׂה יְקָר וּגְדוּלָּה לְמָרְדְּכַי Esth 6:3, with עשׂה לְ also vEsth 6:6 לַיְּהוּדִים הָֽיְתָה אוֺרָה וְשִׂמְחָה וְשָׂשׂן וִיקָר Esth 8:16 (הָ)אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר הַמֶּלֶךְ חָפֵץ בִּיקָרוֺ the man in whose honour the king delighteth Esth 6:6; Esth 6:7; Esth 6:9 (twice in verse); Esth 6:11.

BDB9591 H3366 H3367

[יְקָר] noun masculine^{Dan 2:6} honour (see Biblical Hebrew); — absolute וִיקָר) Dan 2:6; Dan 7:14 construct id. Dan 4:27, לִיקַר v.Dan 4:33 (K^{§ 57. Anm. Str} קָר-); emphatic וִיקָרָא Dan 2:37; Dan 5:18, הָ֯ vDan 5:20.

honour, things, precious, price, thing

yĕqār

value, i.e., (concretely) wealth; abstractly, costliness, dignity

price, value, preciousness, honor, splendor, pomp

preciousness

בַּל

Particle not

Dictionary form: בַּל · bahl

Particle — Negative

In the KJV here: not

not ×7 shall not ×5 they shall not ×5 he shall not ×3 nor ×3 i shall not ×2 neither ×2 that they may not ×2

More options

not — General negation; suits most poetic and prose contexts.

never — Stresses absolute or emphatic negation; strong assertion.

nor — Use when continuing a negative clause in a series.

cannot — Highlights inability rather than mere negation.

no — Blunt, forceful denial; works well before a noun or verb.

nothing — Use when בַּל negates an implied object or quantity.

BDB1126 H1077

בַּל₆₉ adverb not (Phoenician id.: e.g. CIS^{i. 165, 15} בל יכן לכהן shall not be for the priest; :3, 3 בל עתי = before my time) a poetic synonym of לֹא, of comparatively rare occurrence, Hos 7:2; Hos 9:16 (Qr) Isa 14:21; Isa 35:9; Isa 43:17; Prov 9:13; Prov 14:7; Prov 19:23; Prov 22:29; Prov 23:7; Prov 23:35 (twice in verse); Prov 24:23; 1Chr 16:30 ( = Ps 96:10), only besides, except in the passages cited, in other Psalms: often repeated in the same context, as Isa 26:10 (twice in verse); Isa 26:11; Isa 26:14 (twice in verse); Isa 26:18 (twice in verse); Isa 33:20 (twice in verse); Isa 33:21; Isa 33:23 (twice in verse); Isa 33:24; Isa 44:8; Isa 44:9 (3 t. in verse); Ps 10:4; Ps 10:6; Ps 10:11; Ps 10:15; Ps 10:18; Ps 16:2; Ps 16:4 (twice in verse); Ps 16:8; Ps 17:3 (twice in verse); Ps 17:5; Ps 21:3; Ps 21:8; Ps 21:12 also used often with אֶמּוֺט, יִמּוֺט, תִּמּוֺט Ps 10:6; Ps 16:8; Ps 21:8; Ps 30:7; Ps 46:6; Ps 93:1; Ps 96:10; Ps 104:5; Prov 10:30; Prov 12:3; Job 41:15. In Isa 40:24 it is probably that it acquires from the context the sense of hardly: yea, hardly are they planted, yea, hardly are they sown ..., when he even bloweth upon them, and they wither; compare לֹא 2Kgs 20:4. Joined anomalously with an infin., Ps 32:9 בַּל קְרוֺב אֵלֶיךָ (else) there is not coming nigh thee (i.e. else they will not approach thee).

not, nor, neither, no, cannot, …

bal

properly, a failure; by implication nothing; usually (adverb) not at all; also lest

not, hardly, else

יָלִ֑ין

Root word lodge, lodged, night, murmured, murmur, …

Dictionary form: לוּן · loon

Verb — Qal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action — "he did" not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: abideth

lodge ×8 murmured ×6 and lodged ×4 lodged ×4 and tarried all night ×3 murmur ×3 abide ×2 abideth ×2

More options

spend the night — Most natural modern phrase for overnight lodging.

stay overnight — Casual, everyday register; good for narrative contexts.

grumble — Use for the 'murmur/complain' sense; vivid and contemporary.

lodge — Modernizes KJV 'lodge'; still natural in formal or literary prose.

remain — Emphasizes extended stay or lingering; suits poetic passages.

complain — Broader than 'grumble'; fits communal or formal protest contexts.

BDB4374 H3885

I. לוּן, לִין verb lodge, pass the night, figurative abide (Late Hebrew לִינָה noun lodging, spending the night; compare Nö^{ZMG xxxvii (1883), 535 ff.}; according to Thes kindred with לַיְלָה (q. v. infra), with change of ל and ן) —

Qal Perfect לָן Gen 32:22; 2Sam 12:16 3 feminine singular וְ֫לָנֶה consecutive (before monosyl.) Zech 5:4 1 plural וְלַנּוּ consecutive Judg 19:13 (see Ges^{«GKC:73»§ 73}. R. 1 Kö^{i. 508}); Imperfect יָלִין Exod 23:18 + 13 t. + 2Sam 17:8, but compare Hiph`il; וַיָּ֫לֶן Gen 28:11 + 4 t.; 3 feminine singular תָּלִין Lev 19:13 + 4 t.; תָּלַ֫ן Job 17:2 (see Kö^{i. 509}); 2 masculine singular jussive אַלתָּֿ֫לֶן 2Sam 17:16 תַָּל֑ן Judg 19:20 (see Kö^i.c.), etc.; Imperative לִין Judg 9:6; Judg 9:19, etc.; Infinitive construct לָלוּן Gen 24:25 + 5 t.; לָלִין Gen 24:23 Participle plural לֵנִים Neh 13:21 —

1. lodge, pass the night:
a. literally, human subject, often with preposition or adverb of place, Gen 19:2; Gen 28:11; Judg 19:13; Judg 19:15; 2Sam 17:16; Job 24:7 + often (on 2Sam 17:8 see Hiph`il); with ה locative, וְלָן וְשָׁכַב אַ֫רְצָה 2Sam 12:16 with ב location + ב temporal בַּלַּיְלָה הַהוּא Gen 32:14; Gen 32:22; Josh 8:9 with הַלַּיְלָה (accusative temporal), Num 22:8; Josh 4:3; 2Sam 17:16; 2Sam 19:8; Ruth 3:13 of the wicked Ps 59:16, according to Hup De Pe and others; < from II. לון ᵐ5 ᵑ9 Aq Che Bae and others, compare AV; simile of temporary sojourn Jer 14:8 (of ׳י in Israel)
b. of animals : wild ox (רְאֵם) Job 39:9 (followed by עַלאֲֿבוּסֶ֑ךָ ), porcupine (קִפֹּד) Zeph 2:14.
c. inanimate subject = remain all night : of fat of sacrifice Exod 23:18 (E; followed by עַדבֹּֿקֶר), passover meal Exod 34:25 (P; followed by לַבֹּקֶר), Deut 16:4 (followed by לַבֹּקֶר; all these without local designation), wages of hireling Lev 19:13 (H; אֶת = with + עַדבֹּֿקֶר); of dead body Deut 21:23 (עַל location); dew Job 29:19 (ב location); bunch of myrrh Song 1:13 בֵּין location)
d. figurative יָלִין בֶּ֑כִי בָּעֶרֶב Ps 30:6 at evening weeping may come to lodge (opposed to וְלַבֹּקֶר רִנָּה).

2. figurative abide, remain, subject עַיִן ( = look upon), with ב Job 17:2 of error, Job 19:4 (with preposition אֵת person), strength Job 41:14 (of crocodile; with ב); of righteousness, Isa 1:21 (with ב); תָּלִין נַפְשׁוֺ בְטוֺב Ps 25:13 of hearkening ear Prov 15:31, with בְּקֶרֶב; of thoughts Jer 4:14, with id.; absolute, of man, continue, endure, Ps 49:13, שָׂבֵעַ יָלִין Prov 19:23 he shall continue satisfied. Hiph`il Imperfect יָלִין cause to rest, lodge, followed by accusative, 2Sam 17:8 see Kö^{i. 509.} Hithpalpel Imperfect יִתְלֹנָ֑ן Job 39:28 dwell, abide, of eagle; figurative יִתְלוֺנָ֑ן בְּצֵל שַׁדַּי Ps 91:1 of one trusting in ׳י.

BDB4377 H3885

II. [לוּן] verb murmur, only Ex 15, 16, 17; Num 14, 16, 17; and Josh 9:18 (⅏ always defective, hence Nö^{ZMG xxxvii.1883, 535n.} thinks possibly לנן [compare רנן ?]; from limited occurrence, he supposes it disappeared early; but found chiefly in P); —

Niph`al Imperfect 3 masculine plural וַיִּלּוֺ֫נוּ Exod 15:24 + 3 t. + Exod 16:2 Qr (Kt וילינו) + Num 14:36 Kt (Qr וַיַּלִּי֫נוּ, Hiph`il); 2 masculine plural תִּלּוֺ֫נוּ Exod 16:7; Num 16:11, both Kt (Qr תַּלִּי֫נוּ); on forms see Ges^{«GKC:72»§ 72} Anm. 8 Kö^{i. 509}; — murmur against, followed by עַל Exod 15:24 (JE), Exod 16:2; Exod 16:7; Num 14:2; Num 16:11; Num 17:6; Josh 9:18 (all P; all of people Israel); absolute Ps 59:16 (see I.לון1 a). Hiph`il Perfect 2 masculine plural הֲלִינֹתֶם Num 14:29 Imperfect וַיָּ֫לֶן Exod 17:3 וַיַּלִּי֫נוּ Exod 16:2 Kt, Num 14:36 Qr; 2 masculine plural תַּלִּי֫נוּ Exod 16:7 Qr, Num 16:11 Qr (on all see above); Participle plural מַלִּינִים Exod 16:8 + 3 t.; — murmur = Niph`al, followed by על Exod 17:3 (E), elsewhere P: Exod 16:8; Num 14:27 (twice in verse); Num 14:29; Num 17:20 cause to murmur, followed by accusative + עַל Num 14:36 Qr; (compare also above Niph`al)

lodge, lodged, night, murmured, murmur, …

lûn

to stop (usually over night); by implication, to stay permanently; hence (in a bad sense) to be obstinate (especially in words, to complain)

to lodge, stop over, pass the night, abide

(Qal)

to lodge, pass the night

(Niphal) to grumble

נִמְשַׁ֖ל

Root word like, proverb, proverbs, speak, use, …

Dictionary form: מָשַׁל · maw-SHAHL

Verb — Niphal, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"

In the KJV here: he is like

and compare ×1 and i am become like ×1 and speak ×1 and utter ×1 as we art thou become like ×1 he is like ×1 is like ×1 me i become like ×1

More options

liken — Broadly useful for comparing one thing to another.

compare — Neutral, modern equivalent of KJV 'compare'.

recite a proverb — Use when the subject speaks a mashal formula.

speak in proverbs — Suits poetic or wisdom literature contexts.

become like — Use for the stative sense: resembling something.

use as a byword — When a person or place becomes a cautionary example.

BDB4873 H4911

I. [מָשַׁל] verb represent, be like (Arabic stand erect (compare Fl^{De Prov 1:1}), II. effigiavit, representavit (rem alicui), see imitate, use a verse as a poverb; description by way of comparison; Assyrian mašâlu, Dl^{HWB 451 f.}; Ethiopic become like; Aramaic מְתַל be like, compare). Niph`al Perfect3 masculine singular נִמְשַׁל Ps 49:13; Ps 49:21 2 masculine singular נִמְֹשָׁ֑לְתָּ Isa 14:10 1 singular נִמְשַׁלְתִּי Ps 28:1; Ps 143:7: — be like, similar, with אֶל Isa 14:10 עִם Ps 28:1 = Ps 143:7 כְּ Ps 49:13; Ps 49:21. Hiph`il Imperfect 2 masculine plural suffix וְתָמְשִׁלוּנִי compare Isa 46:5. Hithpa`el Imperfect 1 singular וָאֶתְמַשֵּׁל Job 30:19 (with כְּ) and I have become like dust..

BDB4875 H4911

II. מָשַׁל verb denominative use of proverb, speak in parables or sentences of poetry, especially Ezekiel; —

Qal Imperfect יִמְשֹׁל Ezek 16:44 3 masculine plural יִמְשְׁלוּ Ezek 12:23 Imperative מְשֹׁל Ezek 17:2; Ezek 24:3 Infinitive construct מְשֹׁל Ezek 18:3 Participle משֵׁל Ezek 16:44, plural משְׁלִים Ezek 18:2; Num 21:27 — use a proverb: מָשָׁל׳מ Ezek 12:23; Ezek 18:3 a parable with אֶלֿ Ezek 17:2 (|| חוּד חִידָה), Ezek 24:3 with עַלֿ Ezek 18:2, and (מָשָׁל apparently omitted) הִנֵּה כָּלֿ הַמּשֵׁל עָלַיִךְ יִמְשֹׁל Ezek 16:44 (but this is awkward; point הִנֵּה כֹּל הַמָּשָׁל); משְׁלִים Num 21:27 (JE)., Pi`el Participle הֲלֹא מְמַשֵּׁל מְשָׁלִים הוּא Ezek 21:5 is he not a maker of parables?

like, proverb, proverbs, speak, use, …

māšal

to liken, i.e., (transitively) to use figurative language (an allegory, adage, song or the like); intransitively, to resemble

to represent, liken, be like

(Niphal) to liken, be like, be similar

(Qal) to use a proverb, speak a parable or proverb

maker of parables (participle)

כַּ בְּהֵמ֣וֹת

כַּ

Prefix — preposition like, as + "the" (the article is absorbed into the prefix)

בְּהֵמ֣וֹת

Root word beast, cattle, beasts

Dictionary form: בְּהֵמָה · beh-hay-MAW

כַּ

Hidden "the" כַּ = the preposition + the article הַ squeezed together: the "a" vowel under the prefix is the swallowed "the". Translate "like the ___".

Noun — Common, feminine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: the beasts

beast ×26 and beast ×18 cattle ×9 beasts ×8 the beasts ×8 of beasts ×6 the cattle ×6 of thy cattle ×5

More options

animal — Broadest, most neutral modern term; widely applicable.

livestock — Best when context implies domesticated or farm animals.

creature — Useful in poetic or theological contexts emphasizing created life.

beast — Retain when emphasizing wildness or contrast with humanity.

cattle — Use only when bovines or herded animals are clearly in view.

BDB936 H929

בְּהֵמָה₁₈₇ noun feminine beast, animal, cattle (Arabic ) — ׳בּ Gen 1:24 + 137 t.; construct בֶּהֱמַת Num 3:41 (twice in verse) + 10 t.; suffix בְּהֶמְתְּךָ Lev 19:19 + 4 t.; בְּהֶמְתֶּ֑ךָ Exod 20:10 + 4 t.; בְּהֶמְתּוֺ Gen 36:6; Prov 12:10 plural absolute בְּהֵמוֺת Deut 32:24 + 6 t. + Ps 73:22 (see below); construct בַּהֲמוֺת Ps 8:8 + 5 t.; — beast, & collective beasts (Gen 8:1 + very often)

1. of living creatures other than man (אָדָם) Gen 8:1; Exod 8:13; Exod 8:14; Exod 9:9; Exod 9:10; Exod 9:22; Exod 22:18; Lev 18:23 (twice in verse) (where ׳בּ is male, so Lev 20:16) Deut 27:21; Ps 36:7 etc.; ׳מֵאָדָם וְעַד בּ (׳בּ including all the larger animals) Exod 9:25; Exod 12:12; Ps 135:8; Jer 50:3 etc.; as inferior to man Job 18:3; Ps 49:13; Ps 49:21, so also Eccl 3:18; Eccl 3:19 (twice in verse); Eccl 3:21 opposed to also birds & reptiles Gen 6:7; Gen 7:23; Gen 8:17 compare Ezek 44:31 etc.; also to fishes 1Kgs 5:13; Job 12:7 compare vJob 12:8, Ps 8:9; Zeph 1:3.

2. opposed to also to wild beasts חַיַּת הָאָרֶץ, הַשָּׂדֶה ׳ח Gen 1:24; Gen 1:25; Gen 1:26; Gen 2:20; Gen 3:14; Gen 7:14; Gen 7:21; Gen 9:10; Ps 50:10; Ps 148:10; Isa 46:1 etc.; especially therefore cattle, as owned and used by man, Gen 47:18 (׳מִקְנֵה הַבּ) Exod 20:10 = Deut 5:14; Lev 19:19; Lev 26:22; Num 3:41 (twice in verse); Num 3:45 (twice in verse); Deut 2:35; Deut 11:15; Jonah 4:11; Zech 2:8; Zech 8:10; Zech 14:15; Neh 10:37 etc.; in one (late) passage of animal for riding (horse ? mule ?) Neh 2:12 (twice in verse); Neh 2:14.

3. rarely of wild beasts, especially carnivora, יַעַר ׳בּ Mic 5:7 הָאָרֶץ ׳בּ Deut 28:26; Isa 18:6 (twice in verse); Jer 7:33; Jer 15:3; Jer 16:4; Jer 19:7; Jer 34:20 הַשָּׂדֶה ׳בּ 1Sam 17:44 alone, Prov 30:30 שֶׁןבְּֿהֵמוֺת Deut 32:24 ׳שֹׁד בּ Hab 2:17. — On בְּהֵמוֺת Ps 73:22 compare below

beast, cattle, beasts

bĕhēmâ

properly, a dumb beast; especially any large quadruped or animal (often collective)

beast, cattle, animal

beasts (coll of all animals)

נִדְמֽוּ

Root word off, perish, silence, undone, utterly, …

Dictionary form: דָּמָה · daw-MAW

Verb — Niphal, Perfect (Qatal), third person plural passive or reflexive — "it was done" / "he did it to himself" completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "they"

In the KJV here: that perish

and brought to silence ×2 is cut off ×2 that perish ×2 and ceaseth ×1 and i will destroy ×1 are cut down ×1 are destroyed ×1 art thou cut off ×1

More options

be destroyed — Most broadly applicable; suits violent or total ruin.

be cut off — Modernizes KJV; implies sudden, decisive removal.

perish — Good for contexts of death or complete end.

be silenced — Prefer when cessation of voice or activity is in view.

cease — Neutral; suits gradual or abrupt stopping.

be wiped out — Colloquial; vivid for total annihilation contexts.

BDB1964 H1820

II. [דָּמָה] verb cease, cause to cease, cut off, destroy —

Qal Perfect 1 singular דָּמִיתִי Jer 6:2, וְדָמִ֫יתִי consecutive Hos 4:5 Imperfect 3 feminine singular תִּדְמֶה Lam 3:49 3 feminine plural jussive תִּדְמֶינָה Jer 14:17 —

1. intransitive cease Jer 14:17 (eyes from weeping)Lam 3:49 (id.)

2. cause to cease, cut off, destroy, with accusative Israel (under figure of בתצֿיון) Jer 6:2 (under figure of אִמֶּ֑ךָ) Hos 4:5. Niph`al Perfect נִדְמָה Isa 15:1 (twice in verse) +; 3 feminine singular נִדְמְתָה Jer 47:15 2 masculine singular נִדְמֵיתָה Obad 1:5, נִדְמֵיתָ Ezek 32:2 1 singular נִדְמֵיתִי Isa 6:5 3 plural נִדְמוּ Hos 4:6 +; Infinitive absolute נִדְמֹה Hos 10:15 Participle נִדְמֶה Hos 10:7 be cut off, destroyed, ruined, of a city Isa 15:1 (twice in verse) (|| שֻׁדַּד) Jer 47:5 of people Hos 4:6; Zeph 1:11; Obad 1:5 of king Hos 10:7; Hos 10:15 (twice in verse) compare Ezek 32:2 of beasts Ps 49:13; Ps 49:21 be ruined, undone, prophet at sight of Yahweh Isa 6:5.

off, perish, silence, undone, utterly, …

dāmâ

to be dumb or silent; hence, to fail or perish; trans. to destroy

to cease, cause to cease, cut off, destroy, perish

(Qal)

to cease

to be cut off

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar C/Ncmsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H120

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar R/Ncmsa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3366

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Tn

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1077

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Vqi3ms

Verb Chart

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H3885

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar VNp3ms

Verb Chart

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H4911

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar Rd/Ncfpa

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Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H929

Word Breakdown

Vowels & Accents

Grammar VNp3cp

Verb Chart

English Options

Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

Strong's Definition H1820

Masoretic Phrasing

KJV