Daniel 4:17

Hebrew Bible (Masoretic) numbering: 4:14
בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת עִירִין֙ פִּתְגָמָ֔א וּמֵאמַ֥ר קַדִּישִׁ֖ין שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א עַד דִּבְרַ֡ת דִּ֣י יִנְדְּע֣וּן חַ֠יַּיָּא דִּֽי שַׁלִּ֨יט עִלָּיָ֜א בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָושָׁ֗א וּלְמַן דִּ֤י יִצְבֵּא֙ יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ וּשְׁפַ֥ל אֲנָשִׁ֖ים יְקִ֥ים עֲלַֽיהּ
This matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones: to the intent that the living may know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the basest of men.
Connections

Daniel 2:21

וְהוּא מְהַשְׁנֵא עִדָּנַיָּא וְזִמְנַיָּא מְהַעְדֵּה מַלְכִין וּמְהָקֵים מַלְכִין יָהֵב חָכְמְתָא לְחַכִּימִין וּמַנְדְּעָא לְיָדְעֵי בִינָֽה׃
21
And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding:

Daniel 4:25

וְלָךְ טָֽרְדִין מִן-אֲנָשָׁא וְעִם-חֵיוַת בָּרָא לֶהֱוֵה מְדֹרָךְ וְעִשְׂבָּא כְתוֹרִין׀ לָךְ יְטַֽעֲמוּן וּמִטַּל שְׁמַיָּא לָךְ מְצַבְּעִין וְשִׁבְעָה עִדָּנִין יַחְלְפוּן עֲלָיךְ עַד דִּֽי-תִנְדַּע דִּֽי-שַׁלִּיט עִלָּיָא בְּמַלְכוּת אֲנָשָׁא וּלְמַן-דִּי יִצְבֵּא יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃
25
That they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and they shall make thee to eat grass as oxen, and they shall wet thee with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee, till thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will.

Psalms 75:6

כִּי לֹא מִמּוֹצָא וּמִֽמַּעֲרָב וְלֹא מִמִּדְבַּר הָרִֽים׃
6
For promotion cometh neither from the east, nor from the west, nor from the south.

1 Samuel 2:8

מֵקִים מֵֽעָפָר דָּל מֵֽאַשְׁפֹּת יָרִים אֶבְיוֹן לְהוֹשִׁיב עִם-נְדִיבִים וְכִסֵּא כָבוֹד יַנְחִלֵם כִּי לַֽיהוָה מְצֻקֵי אֶרֶץ וַיָּשֶׁת עֲלֵיהֶם תֵּבֵֽל׃
8
He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to set them among princes, and to make them inherit the throne of glory: for the pillars of the earth are the LORD's, and he hath set the world upon them.

Jeremiah 27:5

אָנֹכִי עָשִׂיתִי אֶת-הָאָרֶץ אֶת-הָאָדָם וְאֶת-הַבְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר עַל-פְּנֵי הָאָרֶץ בְּכֹחִי הַגָּדוֹל וּבִזְרוֹעִי הַנְּטוּיָה וּנְתַתִּיהָ לַאֲשֶׁר יָשַׁר בְּעֵינָֽי׃
5
I have made the earth, the man and the beast that are upon the ground, by my great power and by my outstretched arm, and have given it unto whom it seemed meet unto me.

Psalms 113:7

מְקִֽימִי מֵעָפָר דָּל מֵֽאַשְׁפֹּת יָרִים אֶבְיֽוֹן׃
7
He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth the needy out of the dunghill;

Daniel 5:18

אַנְתְּה מַלְכָּא אֱלָהָא עִלָּיָא מַלְכוּתָא וּרְבוּתָא וִיקָרָא וְהַדְרָא יְהַב לִנְבֻכַדְנֶצַּר אֲבֽוּךְ׃
18
O thou king, the most high God gave Nebuchadnezzar thy father a kingdom, and majesty, and glory, and honour:

1 Corinthians 1:28

καὶ τὰ ἀγενῆ τοῦ κόσμου καὶ τὰ ἐξουθενημένα ἐξελέξατο ὁ θεός καὶ τὰ μὴ ὄντα ἵνα τὰ ὄντα καταργήσῃ
28
And base things of the world, and things which are despised, hath God chosen, yea, and things which are not, to bring to nought things that are:

Daniel 11:21

וְעָמַד עַל-כַּנּוֹ נִבְזֶה וְלֹא-נָתְנוּ עָלָיו הוֹד מַלְכוּת וּבָא בְשַׁלְוָה וְהֶחֱזִיק מַלְכוּת בַּחֲלַקְלַקּֽוֹת׃
21
And in his estate shall stand up a vile person, to whom they shall not give the honour of the kingdom: but he shall come in peaceably, and obtain the kingdom by flatteries.

Exodus 9:16

וְאוּלָם בַּֽעֲבוּר זֹאת הֶֽעֱמַדְתִּיךָ בַּֽעֲבוּר הַרְאֹֽתְךָ אֶת-כֹּחִי וּלְמַעַן סַפֵּר שְׁמִי בְּכָל-הָאָֽרֶץ׃
16
And in very deed for this cause have I raised thee up, for to shew in thee my power; and that my name may be declared throughout all the earth.

Daniel 4:32

וּמִן-אֲנָשָׁא לָךְ טָֽרְדִין וְֽעִם-חֵיוַת בָּרָא מְדֹרָךְ עִשְׂבָּא כְתוֹרִין לָךְ יְטַעֲמוּן וְשִׁבְעָה עִדָּנִין יַחְלְפוּן עֲלָיךְ עַד דִּֽי-תִנְדַּע דִּֽי-שַׁלִּיט עִלָּיָא בְּמַלְכוּת אֲנָשָׁא וּלְמַן-דִּי יִצְבֵּא יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃
32
And they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field: they shall make thee to eat grass as oxen, and seven times shall pass over thee, until thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will.

Psalms 83:17

יֵבֹשׁוּ וְיִבָּהֲלוּ עֲדֵי-עַד וְֽיַחְפְּרוּ וְיֹאבֵֽדוּ׃
17
Let them be confounded and troubled for ever; yea, let them be put to shame, and perish:

Daniel 4:13

חָזֵה הֲוֵית בְּחֶזְוֵי רֵאשִׁי עַֽל-מִשְׁכְּבִי וַאֲלוּ עִיר וְקַדִּישׁ מִן-שְׁמַיָּא נָחִֽת׃
13
I saw in the visions of my head upon my bed, and, behold, a watcher and an holy one came down from heaven;

2 Kings 21:6

וְהֶֽעֱבִיר אֶת-בְּנוֹ בָּאֵשׁ וְעוֹנֵן וְנִחֵשׁ וְעָשָׂה אוֹב וְיִדְּעֹנִים הִרְבָּה לַֽעֲשׂוֹת הָרַע בְּעֵינֵי יְהוָה לְהַכְעִֽיס׃
6
And he made his son pass through the fire, and observed times, and used enchantments, and dealt with familiar spirits and wizards: he wrought much wickedness in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger.

Isaiah 6:3

וְקָרָא זֶה אֶל-זֶה וְאָמַר קָדוֹשׁ׀ קָדוֹשׁ קָדוֹשׁ יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת מְלֹא כָל-הָאָרֶץ כְּבוֹדֽוֹ׃
3
And one cried unto another, and said, Holy, holy, holy, is the LORD of hosts: the whole earth is full of his glory.

1 Kings 21:25

רַק לֹֽא-הָיָה כְאַחְאָב אֲשֶׁר הִתְמַכֵּר לַֽעֲשׂוֹת הָרַע בְּעֵינֵי יְהוָה אֲשֶׁר-הֵסַתָּה אֹתוֹ אִיזֶבֶל אִשְׁתּֽוֹ׃
25
But there was none like unto Ahab, which did sell himself to work wickedness in the sight of the LORD, whom Jezebel his wife stirred up.

Psalms 9:16

נוֹדַע׀ יְהוָה מִשְׁפָּט עָשָׂה בְּפֹעַל כַּפָּיו נוֹקֵשׁ רָשָׁע הִגָּיוֹן סֶֽלָה׃
16
The LORD is known by the judgment which he executeth: the wicked is snared in the work of his own hands. Higgaion. Selah.

Ezekiel 7:24

וְהֵֽבֵאתִי רָעֵי גוֹיִם וְיָרְשׁוּ אֶת-בָּֽתֵּיהֶם וְהִשְׁבַּתִּי גְּאוֹן עַזִּים וְנִחֲלוּ מְקַֽדְשֵׁיהֶֽם׃
24
Wherefore I will bring the worst of the heathen, and they shall possess their houses: I will also make the pomp of the strong to cease; and their holy places shall be defiled.

Ezekiel 25:17

וְעָשִׂיתִי בָם נְקָמוֹת גְּדֹלוֹת בְּתוֹכְחוֹת חֵמָה וְיָֽדְעוּ כִּֽי-אֲנִי יְהוָה בְּתִתִּי אֶת-נִקְמָתִי בָּֽם׃
17
And I will execute great vengeance upon them with furious rebukes; and they shall know that I am the LORD, when I shall lay my vengeance upon them.

1 Kings 22:19

וַיֹּאמֶר לָכֵן שְׁמַע דְּבַר-יְהוָה רָאִיתִי אֶת-יְהוָה יֹשֵׁב עַל-כִּסְאוֹ וְכָל-צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם עֹמֵד עָלָיו מִֽימִינוֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ׃
19
And he said, Hear thou therefore the word of the LORD: I saw the LORD sitting on his throne, and all the host of heaven standing by him on his right hand and on his left.
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Daniel 4:17
Masoretic Phrasing
The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
בִּגְזֵרַ֤ת עִירִין֙ Pashta — a lesser break פִּתְגָמָ֔א Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וּמֵאמַ֥ר קַדִּישִׁ֖ין Tipeha — a lesser break שְׁאֵֽלְתָ֑א Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here עַד דִּבְרַ֡ת דִּ֣י יִנְדְּע֣וּן חַ֠יַּיָּא דִּֽי שַׁלִּ֨יט עִלָּיָ֜א בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָושָׁ֗א Revia — a lesser break וּלְמַן דִּ֤י יִצְבֵּא֙ Pashta — a lesser break יִתְּנִנַּ֔הּ Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וּשְׁפַ֥ל אֲנָשִׁ֖ים Tipeha — a lesser break יְקִ֥ים עֲלַֽיהּ Silluq — end of the verse
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Word Parts
בִּ גְזֵרַ֤ת
בִּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
גְזֵרַ֤ת
Root word decree
Dictionary form: גְּזֵרָה · ɡeh-dzay-RAW
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar R/Ncfsc
Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word
בִּ Speech Preposition
גְזֵרַת Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Construct
In English
In the KJV here: is by the decree
is by the decree ×1 is the decree ×1
More options
decree — Most direct modern equivalent; formal legal register.
edict — Emphasizes official, proclamatory force of the ruling.
ruling — Slightly less formal; suits narrative or explanatory contexts.
order — Plain and accessible; good for general audiences.
mandate — Highlights binding authority; suits royal or divine commands.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9408 H1510

BDB9407 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9409

[גְּזֵרָה] noun feminine decree (ᵑ7 גְּזֵירָא, Syriac ); — construct גְּזֵרַת Dan 4:14; Dan 4:21.

Strong's Definition H1510
decree
gĕzērâ
a decree
  • decree
Variations 2 forms of this word
Translations 2 English renderings
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Word Parts
עִירִין֙
עִירִין֙
Root word watcher, watchers
Dictionary form: עִיר · eer
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncmpa
Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"
עִירִין Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Plural State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: of the watchers
a watcher ×2 of the watchers ×1
More options
watcher — Most direct rendering; a being who watches or keeps vigil.
sentinel — Emphasizes a guard-like, vigilant role; slightly elevated register.
wakeful one — Captures the core idea of one who remains awake/alert.
holy watcher — Adds the divine/angelic context explicit in Daniel's usage.
angelic being — Interpretive; clarifies supernatural identity for modern readers.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9762 H5894 H5782

BDB9761 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9763

עִיר noun masculine waking, or wakeful, one, i.e. angel (√עיר, compare Syriac wake, waking (PS2843), Jewish-Aramaic עִיר, Late Hebrew עֵיר adjective awake); — absolute ׳ע Dan 4:10; Dan 4:20 plural absolute עִירִין v.Dan 4:14 Aq Symm. ἐγρήγορος; compare CharlesEnoch i. 5; xxxix. 12; also p. 356 Dron the passage; doubtful is the connection with Phoenician Zophesemim (EusebPraep. Evang. 10), i.e. צפי שמים watchers of heaven, as keeping watch over or spying out (ZimKAT 3. 629 JeremAtim Licht d. AO 63).

עַל, עֵלָּא see עלה. עִלָּה see I. עלל.

Strong's Definition H5894
watcher, watchers
ʿîr
a watcher, i.e., an angel (as guardian)
  • waking, watchful, wakeful one, watcher, angel
Variations 2 forms of this word
Translations 2 English renderings
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Word Parts
פִּתְגָמָ ֔א
פִּתְגָמָ
Root word answer, matter, word, letter
֔א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: פִּתְגָּם · pit-ɡAWM
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncmsd/Td
Noun — Common, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)
פִּתְגָמָ Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Determined
א Speech Particle Type Definite Article
In English
In the KJV here: this matter
a letter ×1 an answer ×1 matter ×1 this matter ×1 us answer ×1 word ×1
More options
word — Broad default; suits most contexts naturally.
message — Good when content is communicated from a sender.
reply — Prefer when a response to a prior statement is meant.
decree — Suits official or royal proclamations (Aramaic flavor).
matter — Use when referring to a subject or affair, not speech.
edict — Formal written ruling; fits legal or courtly contexts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9828 H6600 H6599

BDB9827 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9829

פִּתְגָם noun masculineEzra 6:11 command, word, affair (Persian: see Biblical Hebrew); — absolute ׳פ Dan 3:16 emphatic מָא- Ezra 4:17 +; — command Ezra 6:11, word, by missive Ezra 5:7, from king Ezra 4:17 (both with שְׁלַת), in answer Ezra 5:11 (with התיב); weakened, thing, affair Dan 3:16; Dan 4:14.

Strong's Definition H6600
answer, matter, word, letter
pitgām
a word, answer, letter or decree
  • command, work, affair, decree
    • word, report
      • "decree
Variations 3 forms of this word
Translations 6 English renderings
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Word Parts
וּ מֵאמַ֥ר
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
מֵאמַ֥ר
Root word appointment, word
Dictionary form: מֵאמַר · may-MAHR
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Ncmsc
Noun — Common, masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word
וּ Speech Conjunction
מֵאמַר Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct
In English
In the KJV here: by the word
according to the appointment ×1 by the word ×1
More options
decree — Formal, authoritative command; fits royal or legal contexts.
command — General-purpose; emphasizes directive force of the word.
word — Modernizes KJV 'by the word'; broad and literal.
order — Slightly less formal than decree; good for narrative prose.
edict — Highlights official, written proclamation; fits Persian court settings.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9310 H3983

BDB9309 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9311

מֵאמַר noun [masculine] word; — construct Dan 4:14; Ezra 6:9.

Strong's Definition H3983
appointment, word
mēʾmar
something (authoritatively) said, i.e., an edict
  • word, command
Variations 2 forms of this word
Translations 2 English renderings
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Word Parts
קַדִּישִׁ֖ין
קַדִּישִׁ֖ין
Root word saints, holy, one, ones
Dictionary form: קַדִּישׁ · kahd-DEESH
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Aampa
Adjective — masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"
קַדִּישִׁין Speech Adjective Type Adjective Gender Masculine Number Plural State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: of the holy ones
of the holy ×4 and an holy one ×2 the saints ×2 but the saints ×1 of the holy ones ×1 of the saints ×1 that the saints ×1 to the saints ×1
More options
holy one — Singular; suited for divine or angelic beings.
holy ones — Plural; angels or heavenly beings in Daniel.
sacred being — Broader register; avoids potentially churchy 'holy.'
consecrated one — Emphasizes set-apart, dedicated status.
saint — Familiar but carries later Christian connotations; use carefully.
divine being — Highlights heavenly, supernatural character of the referent.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB7323 H6918 H6922

BDB7322 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB7324

קָדוֺשׁ adjective sacred, holy; — absolute ׳ק Exod 19:6 +; קָדשׁ Exod 29:31 +; construct קְדוֺשׁ Isa 1:4 +; קְדשׁ Isa 49:7 + 2 t.; suffix קְדשִׁי Hab 1:12 קְדוֺשׁוֺ Isa 10:17; Isa 49:7 קְדוֺשְׁכֶם Isa 43:15 plural קְדוֺשִׁים Hos 12:1 + 2 t., קְדשׁים Lev 11:44 + 16 t.; suffix קְדשָׁיו Deut 33:3; Ps 34:10, קְדשָׁו֯ Job 15:15 —

1. of God, as separate, apart, and so sacred, holy:
  a. exalted on theophanic throne Isa 6:3 (3 t. in verse), Ps 22:4 heavenly throne Isa 57:15 in victory Isa 5:16; 1Sam 2:2; Ps 99:3 (|| נוֺרָא), vPs 99:5 vPs 99:9 וְנוֺרָא ׳ק שְׁמוֺ Ps 111:9.
  b. separate from human infirmity, impurity, and sin: Josh 24:19 (E), 1Sam 6:20; Hab 1:12 קדושׁ אני ׳כ Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Lev 19:2; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:8 (H); קדושׁ בְּקִרְבְּךָ Hos 11:9 בישׂראל ׳ק Ezek 39:7.
  c. קְדוֺשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל = divine name (originating from trisagion, Isa 6:3) Isa 1:4; Isa 5:19; Isa 5:24; Isa 10:20; Isa 12:6; Isa 17:7; Isa 29:19; Isa 30:11; Isa 30:12; Isa 30:15; Isa 31:1 Is :2; Isa 41:14; Isa 41:16; Isa 41:20; Isa 43:3; Isa 43:14; Isa 45:11; Isa 47:4; Isa 48:17; Isa 49:7; Isa 54:5; Isa 55:5; Isa 60:9; Isa 60:14 elsewhere only 2Kgs 19:22 = Isa 37:23; Jer 50:29; Jer 51:5; Ps 71:22; Ps 78:41; Ps 89:19 יעקב ׳ק Isa 29:23, קְדוֺשׁוֺ Isa 10:17; Isa 49:7, קְדוֺשְׁכֶם Isa 43:15 קָדוֺשׁ Isa 40:25; Hab 3:3; Job 6:10, plural intensive שׁים (ו) קד Hos 12:1; Prov 9:10; Prov 30:3.
2. a. of place, sacred, holy, chambers of priests Ezek 42:13, camp of Israel Deut 23:15, + מָרוֺם of heaven Isa 57:15 (but of ׳י Du Ry, and [reading ׳בְּק as holy, ב essent.] Klo Che Marti); in following (often defective) pointing dubious, read probably קֹדֶשׁ 2: ׳ ם ק (ו)מק of the court of tabernacle, Exod 29:31; Lev 6:9; Lev 6:19; Lev 6:20; Lev 7:6; Lev 10:13; Lev 16:24; Lev 24:9 (P), of Jerusalem Eccl 8:10 מִשְׁכְּנֵי ׳ק עליון Ps 46:5 הֵיכָלָ֑ךָ ׳ק Ps 65:5.
  b. persons: priests Lev 21:7; Lev 21:8; Num 16:5; Num 16:7 (P), Aaron Ps 106:16, Levites 2Chr 35:3, prophet 2Kgs 4:9, Nazirite Num 6:5; Num 6:8 (P), Israel ׳גּוֺי ק Exod 19:6 (E), ׳עם ק Deut 7:6; Deut 14:2; Deut 14:21; Deut 26:19; Deut 28:9 כָּלהָֿעֵדָה Num 16:3 (P); remnant in Jerusalem Isa 4:3 קדשׁים sacred Lev 11:44; Lev 11:45; Lev 19:2; Lev 20:7; Lev 20:26; Lev 21:6; Num 15:40 קדשׁים sacred ones, saints Deut 33:3 (song), Ps 16:3; Ps 34:10; Dan 8:24.
  c. angels, Ps 89:6; Ps 89:8; Job 5:1; Job 15:15; Zech 14:5; Dan 8:13 (twice in verse).
  d. מים קדשׁים Num 5:17 holy water.
  e. time (׳לי) ׳הַיּוֺם ק Neh 8:9; Neh 8:10; Neh 8:11 ׳קְדוֺשׁ י Isa 58:13, of Sabbath. — (compare Biblical Aramaic קַדִּישׁ).

BDB9853 H6922

BDB9852 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9854

קַדִּישׁ adjective holy; — absolute ׳ק Dan 4:10; Dan 4:20 plural שִׁין- Dan 4:5 +, construct שֵׁי- Dan 7:18 +; — gods Dan 4:5; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:15; Dan 5:11 as substantive, of angels Dan 4:10; Dan 4:14; Dan 4:20 of Israel (as holy ones, saints) Dan 7:21; Dan 7:22, קַדִּישֵׁי עֶלְיוֺנִין saints of the Most High vDan 7:18 vDan 7:22 vDan 7:25 vDan 7:27.

Strong's Definition H6922
saints, holy, one, ones
qaddîš
sacred (ceremonially or morally); (as noun) God (by eminence), an angel, a saint, a sanctuary
  • holy, separate
    • "an angels, a saint
Variations 6 forms of this word
Translations 8 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
שְׁאֵֽלְתָ ֑א
שְׁאֵֽלְתָ
Root word demand
֑א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: שְׁאֵלָא · sheh-ay-LAW
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncfsd/Td
Noun — Common, feminine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)
שְׁאֵֽלְתָ Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Determined
א Speech Particle Type Definite Article
In English
In the KJV here: and the demand
and the demand ×1
More options
demand — Direct, forceful; suits official or legal contexts.
request — Softer tone; use when demand feels too strong.
question — Fits interrogative contexts, e.g. a king's inquiry.
matter — Neutral; good when the issue is a topic under discussion.
petition — Formal register; suits appeals to authority.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9923 H7595

BDB9922 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9924

[שְׁאֵלָה] noun feminine affair (weakened from question, inquiry, compare Dr); — emphatic שְׁאֵלְתָּא Dan 4:14.

Strong's Definition H7595
demand
šĕʾēlāʾ
properly, a question (at law), i.e., judicial decision or mandate
  • affair, request
Variations 1 forms of this word
Translations 1 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
עַד
עַד
Preposition till, to, until, unto, for, …
Dictionary form: עַד · ad
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar R
Preposition
עַד Speech Preposition
In English
In the KJV here: to
till ×8 and to ×3 for ×3 until ×3 to ×2 unto ×2 and ever ×1 but at ×1
More options
until — Most natural modern temporal boundary; broadest usage.
up to — Spatial or quantitative limit; informal and contemporary.
as far as — Prefer for spatial extent or geographical boundaries.
by the time — Idiomatic for temporal clauses with a future sense.
through — Inclusive endpoint; useful when 'until' feels too exclusive.
even to — Emphatic; stresses reaching an extreme or surprising limit.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9752 H5705 H5704

BDB9751 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9753

עַד35 preposition and conjunction even to, until (Biblical Hebrew III. עַד; so ᵑ7, Syriac, Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Egyptian Aramaic (Lzb336 S-CA 5 +)); —

1. preposition:
  a. of space, even to Dan 7:13 עַדכָּֿא vDan 7:28.
  b. of amount, up to Ezra 7:22 (4 t.).
  c. of time, until Dan 2:20; Dan 6:15; Dan 6:27; Dan 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 7:26; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:16 וְעַדכְּֿעַן; = our against Ezra 6:15 (compare Biblical Hebrew, p. 724:a top); to (the end of) = during Dan 6:8 עַד יוֺמִין תְּלָתִין, v.Dan 6:13; Dan 7:12; Dan 7:25. On עַדאָֿחֳרָן Dan 4:5 see אָחֳרָן; and on עַדדִּֿבְרַת דִּי Dan 4:14 see [ דִּבְרָה].
2. conjunction:
  a. עַדדִּֿי until, followed by perfect (of past time) Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 5:21; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:11; Dan 7:22 followed by imperfect (of future) Dan 2:9; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:22 (twice in verse); Dan 4:29. — Dan 6:25 ׳לָא מְטוֺ ֗֗֗ עַד דִּי שְׁלִטוּ וג up to the time that . . . , i.e. ere that.
  b. עַד alone, Ezra 4:21; Ezra 5:5.

Strong's Definition H5705
till, to, until, unto, for, …
ʿad
until
  • (prep) even to, until, up to, during
    • "(conj) until, up to the time that, ere that
Variations 3 forms of this word
Translations 20 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
דִּבְרַ֡ת
דִּבְרַ֡ת
Root word intent, sakes
Dictionary form: דִּבְרָה · dib-RAW
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncfsc
Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word
דִּבְרַת Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Construct
In English
In the KJV here: the intent
for their sakes ×1 the intent ×1
More options
purpose — Broad, neutral; fits most literary and formal contexts.
intent — Modernizes KJV 'the intent'; highlights deliberate aim.
sake — Modernizes KJV 'for their sakes'; use in prepositional phrases.
reason — Emphasizes the motivating cause behind an action.
account — Formal; suits legal or covenantal discourse.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9428 H1700 H1701

BDB9427 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9429

[דִּבְרָה] noun feminine cause, reason (Biblical Hebrew id., √ דבר, compare על דבר Egyptian Aramaic S-CPap. B 5.6.8.16); — construct in adverb phrase עַלדִּֿבְרַת דִּי Dan 2:30 for the cause (to the intent) that, Dan 4:14 (read עַל for עַד K§ ll, 2 Bev).

Strong's Definition H1701
intent, sakes
dibrâ
a reason, suit or style
  • cause, reason
Variations 1 forms of this word
Translations 2 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
דִּ֣י
דִּ֣י
Particle who, which, that
Dictionary form: דִּי · dee
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Tr
Particle — Relative
דִּי Speech Particle Type Relative
In English
In the KJV here: that
that ×88 of ×60 which ×52 whom ×9 whose ×7 for ×6 and whereas ×4 and whom ×3
More options
that — Most versatile; use as general relative or complementizer.
which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents.
who — Use when antecedent is a person.
whose — Marks genitive/possessive relationship with antecedent.
of — Use for construct-like genitive links between nouns.
because — Use when דִּי introduces a causal clause.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

BDB9439 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9441

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb267. 446 RES361 S-CPap. A 2 +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
  b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K§ 103.
2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K§ 81.
3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
  a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
  b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
  c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
  d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.
4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
  a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb293 SACG1 62, 63 Cooke369 b RES:361; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
  b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
  c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
  d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
  e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

BDB9603 H1768 H1836 H2298

BDB9602 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9604

כ

כְּ particle like, as, about (Biblical Hebrew כְּ, q. v.); — like, as Dan 2:40 תַּקִּיפָא כְּפַרְוְלָא, Dan 4:5; Dan 4:32; Dan 5:1 +; according to Dan 4:32 וּכְּ מִצְבְּיֵהּ עָכֵד and according to his will he doeth, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:18 +; about (as Biblical Hebrew 1 a: compare Zinjirli Lzb444 [ן] כשלשן מלכ), Dan 4:16 כְּשָׁעָה חֲדָה, Dan 6:1 with infinitive (Biblical Hebrew 3 b), Dan 6:21 וּכְ מִקְרְנֵהּ לִגֻבָּא and as he drew near, etc. Cpds.: — כְּ דִי and כִּדְנָה, see דִּי and דָּאנה; כַּחֲדָה; together, see חַד (sub אחד).

Strong's Definition H1768
that, of, which, whom, whose, …
dî
that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of
  • (rel part) who, which, that
    • "(mark of genitive) that of, which belongs to, that"(conj) that, because
Variations 10 forms of this word
Translations 43 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
יִנְדְּע֣וּן
יִנְדְּע֣וּן
Root word known, know, certify, knew, knewest, …
Dictionary form: יְדַע · yeh-DA
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vqi3mp
Verb — Peal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine plural simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "they"
יִנְדְּעוּן Speech Verb Stem Peal Type Imperfect (Yiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Plural
In English
In the KJV here: may know
know ×5 known ×4 and make known ×3 make known ×3 thou know ×2 to make known ×2 also we certify ×1 and certified ×1
More options
know — Most direct, general-purpose rendering.
make known — Use when the sense is proclamation or disclosure.
reveal — Emphasizes unveiling hidden or divine information.
inform — Neutral; suits official or formal communication contexts.
certify — Formal/legal register; confirms or attests a fact.
teach — Use when the knowing involves instruction or training.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9571 H3045 H3046

BDB9570 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9572

יְדַע verb know (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳י Dan 5:21; Dan 6:11, 2 masculine singular יְדַ֫עָתָּ Dan 5:22, 1s. יִדְעֵת Dan 4:6 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תִּנְדַּע (K§ 11, 4. b) β)) Ezra 4:15 +, etc.; Imu. דַּע masculine singular (K§ 11. 3 a)) Dan 6:16 Participle active יָדַע Dan 2:8 +; plural יָָֽדְעִין Dan 5:23, etc.; passive יְדיעַ Dan 4:12 +; — know, with accusative of thing Dan 2:30; Dan 5:22, accusative of thing omitted Ezra 7:25 ׳יָֽדְעֵי דָּתֵי א, vEzra 7:25, יָָֽדְעֵי בִינָה Dan 2:21 with object clause vDan 2:8 vDan 2:9 vDan 2:22; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:14; Dan 4:23; Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:16; Ezra 4:15, so (of God) Dan 4:22 participle active absolute Dan 5:23 having capacity of knowledge; passive in periphrase conjugation, subject clause + ל person Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:13; Ezra 5:8. Haph`el Perfect 3 masculine singular הוֺדַע Dan 2:15 +, suffix הוֺדְעָךְ vDan 2:29, 2 masculine singular suffix הוֺדַעְתַּ֫נִי vDan 2:23, תֶּ֑נָה- vDan 2:23 1 plural הוֺדַ֫עְנָא Ezra 4:14 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְהוֺדַע Dan 2:25, suffix יְהוֺדְעִנַּ֑נִי Dan 7:16, etc. (see K§ 43 c)); Infinitive לְהוֺדָעָה Dan 5:8, suffix לְהוֺדָעֻתַ֫נִי Dan 4:15; Dan 5:16, etc.; Participle active plural מְהוֺדְעִין Dan 4:4 +; — cause to know, inform : ל person Ezra 4:14, + accusative of thing Dan 2:15; Dan 2:17; Dan 2:25; Dan 2:30; Dan 4:4; Dan 5:8; Dan 5:17, so (sf, person) Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:26; Dan 4:3; Dan 4:15; Dan 5:15; Dan 5:16; Dan 7:16, and (subject God) Dan 2:23 ל person + object clause Ezra 4:16; Ezra 7:24, so (of God) Dan 2:28; Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45, and (suffix person) V:23; accusative of person only Ezra 5:10; Ezra 7:25.

Strong's Definition H3046
known, know, certify, knew, knewest, …
yĕdaʿ
to inform
  • to know
    • (P'al) to know
      • "(Aphel) to let someone know, communicate, inform, cause to know
Variations 36 forms of this word
Translations 34 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
חַ֠יַּיָּ א
חַ֠יַּיָּ
Root word living, life, lives, liveth
א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: חַי · hai
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Aampd/Td
Adjective — masculine plural, determined state plural — usually add "-s"; determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)
חַיַּיָּ Speech Adjective Type Adjective Gender Masculine Number Plural State Determined
א Speech Particle Type Definite Article
In English
In the KJV here: the living
for the life ×1 him that liveth ×1 is the living ×1 living ×1 of the living ×1 the living ×1 yet their lives ×1
More options
living — Broadest use; works as adjective or substantive noun.
alive — Emphasizes the state of being living, not dead.
live — Adjectival use; prefer before a noun (e.g. 'live creature').
life — Use when the word functions as an abstract noun.
the living one — Substantive; highlights a divine or singular referent.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9522 H2416 H2417

BDB9521 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9523

חַי adjective living (Biblical Hebrew id); —

1. of God: absolute ׳ח Dan 4:31, emphatic חַיָא Dan 6:21. 27; men, plural emphatic חַיַיָא the lilving Dan 2:30; Dan 4:14.
2. plural as abstract noun life (Biblical Hebrew חַיִּים): חַיִּין Dan 7:12 construct חַיֵּי Ezra 6:10.

Strong's Definition H2417
living, life, lives, liveth
ḥay
alive; also (as noun in plural) life
  • alive, living, life
Variations 5 forms of this word
Translations 7 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
דִּֽי
דִּֽי
Particle who, which, that
Dictionary form: דִּי · dee
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Tr
Particle — Relative
דִּֽי Speech Particle Type Relative
In English
In the KJV here: that
that ×88 of ×60 which ×52 whom ×9 whose ×7 for ×6 and whereas ×4 and whom ×3
More options
that — Most versatile; use as general relative or complementizer.
which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents.
who — Use when antecedent is a person.
whose — Marks genitive/possessive relationship with antecedent.
of — Use for construct-like genitive links between nouns.
because — Use when דִּי introduces a causal clause.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

BDB9439 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9441

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb267. 446 RES361 S-CPap. A 2 +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
  b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K§ 103.
2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K§ 81.
3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
  a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
  b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
  c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
  d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.
4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
  a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb293 SACG1 62, 63 Cooke369 b RES:361; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
  b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
  c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
  d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
  e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

BDB9603 H1768 H1836 H2298

BDB9602 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9604

כ

כְּ particle like, as, about (Biblical Hebrew כְּ, q. v.); — like, as Dan 2:40 תַּקִּיפָא כְּפַרְוְלָא, Dan 4:5; Dan 4:32; Dan 5:1 +; according to Dan 4:32 וּכְּ מִצְבְּיֵהּ עָכֵד and according to his will he doeth, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:18 +; about (as Biblical Hebrew 1 a: compare Zinjirli Lzb444 [ן] כשלשן מלכ), Dan 4:16 כְּשָׁעָה חֲדָה, Dan 6:1 with infinitive (Biblical Hebrew 3 b), Dan 6:21 וּכְ מִקְרְנֵהּ לִגֻבָּא and as he drew near, etc. Cpds.: — כְּ דִי and כִּדְנָה, see דִּי and דָּאנה; כַּחֲדָה; together, see חַד (sub אחד).

Strong's Definition H1768
that, of, which, whom, whose, …
dî
that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of
  • (rel part) who, which, that
    • "(mark of genitive) that of, which belongs to, that"(conj) that, because
Variations 10 forms of this word
Translations 43 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
שַׁלִּ֨יט
שַׁלִּ֨יט
Root word ruleth, ruled, ruler, captain, lawful, …
Dictionary form: שַׁלִּיט · shahl-LEET
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Aamsa
Adjective — masculine singular, absolute state
שַׁלִּיט Speech Adjective Type Adjective Gender Masculine Number Singular State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: ruleth
ruleth ×3 be lawful ×1 captain ×1 do rule ×1 nor ruler ×1 ruled ×1 ruler ×1 which have ruled ×1
More options
ruler — Broadest equivalent; fits most narrative and legal contexts.
sovereign — Emphasizes supreme authority; suits royal or divine contexts.
official — Neutral, institutional tone; good for administrative settings.
one who rules — Participial sense; mirrors the Hebrew active-participle form.
authorized — Captures 'lawful/permitted' nuance in legal or permissive clauses.
governor — Concrete title; fits provincial or appointed-authority contexts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9960 H7990

BDB9959 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9961

שַׁלִּיט adjective having mastery, ruling; — absolute ׳שׁ Ezra 7:24 +, emphatic אָ֯ Dan 2:15 masculine plural שְׁלִיטִין Ezra 4:20, מִן- Dan 4:23 —

1. having, exercising, mastery:
  a. of God, followed by ב, Dan 4:14; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 absolute, of heavens Dan 4:23
  b. of kings Ezra 4:20 (ב).
2. as noun = ruler Dan 2:10, captain vDan 2:15.
3. having authority to do a thing (Infinitive), hence impersonal = it is authorized, Ezra 7:24 (so often in Syriac; compare S-CA 11 + אנת שליט למבנה).

Strong's Definition H7990
ruleth, ruled, ruler, captain, lawful, …
šallîṭ
mighty; abstractly, permission; concretely, a premier
  • having mastery, having authority, ruling
    • having or exercising mastery, ruling
      • "ruler (subst)"having authority
      • it is authorised
Variations 5 forms of this word
Translations 8 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
עִלָּאָ ה
עִלָּאָ
Root word high
ה
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: עִלַּי · il-LAI
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncmsd/Td
Noun — Common, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)
עִלָּאָ Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Determined
ה Speech Particle Type Definite Article
In English
In the KJV here: the most high
the most high ×8 of the most high ×1 the high ×1
More options
Most High — Standard title for God; best in divine epithets.
Supreme — Emphasizes unrivaled rank; suits formal or theological prose.
Highest — Superlative form; natural in modern liturgical contexts.
Exalted — Conveys elevation and honor; slightly more poetic register.
Sovereign — Highlights ruling authority rather than mere height.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9765 H5943

BDB9764 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9766

[עִלָּי K§ 59 l) e)] adjective highest; — always emphatic עליא Kt, עִלָּאָה Qr, the Most High God: ׳אֱלָהָא ע Dan 3:26; Dan 3:32; Dan 5:18; Dan 5:21 ׳ע alone, the Most High, Dan 4:14; Dan 4:21; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Dan 4:31; Dan 7:25 (compare Nabataean proper name עליאל Lzb341 SAC91).

Strong's Definition H5943
high
ʿillay
supreme (i.e., God)
  • highest, the Most High
Variations 2 forms of this word
Translations 3 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
בְּ מַלְכ֣וּת
בְּ
Prefix — preposition in, at, by, with
מַלְכ֣וּת
Root word kingdom, reign, realm, kingdoms, kingly
Dictionary form: מַלְכוּ · mahl-KOO
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar R/Ncfsc
Noun — Common, feminine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word
בְּ Speech Preposition
מַלְכוּת Speech Noun Type Common Gender Feminine Number Singular State Construct
In English
In the KJV here: in the kingdom
the kingdom ×10 in the kingdom ×7 kingdom ×7 and his kingdom ×3 of the kingdom ×3 thy kingdom ×3 a kingdom ×2 and the kingdom ×2
More options
kingdom — Most common rendering; use for territorial/political sense.
reign — Emphasizes the act or period of ruling.
realm — Highlights the domain or sphere of a ruler's authority.
sovereignty — Abstract sense; stresses supreme power or dominion.
royal power — Emphasizes the kingly authority itself, not territory.
rule — Concise; suits contexts focused on governing activity.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9664 H4437

BDB9663 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9665

מַלְכוּ noun feminine royalty, reign, kingdom; — absolute ׳מ Dan 2:39 +; construct מַלְכוּת Ezra 4:24 +; emphatic תָא- Dan 2:37 +, תָה- Dan 2:44 suffix תִי- Dan 4:15 +, הֵתּ- Dan 3:33 +, תָךְ- Dan 4:23 +; plural construct מַלְכְוָת Dan 7:27 emphatic וָתָא- Dan 2:44; Dan 7:23 —

1. royalty, kingship, kingly authority: Dan 4:23; Dan 4:28; Dan 4:33 ׳הֵיכַל מ v.Dan 4:26, ׳בֵּית מ v.Dan 4:27, כָּרְסֵא Dan 5:20.
2. organized (world-) kingdom: Dan 2:39 (twice in verse); Dan 2:40; Dan 2:41; Dan 2:42; Dan 2:44; Dan 7:23 (twice in verse); Dan 7:24; Dan 7:27 אֲנָשָׁא ׳מ Dan 4:14; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 of specific kings Dan 2:37; Dan 5:18; Dan 5:28; Dan 6:1 of God Dan 3:33; Dan 7:27 (both עָלַם ׳מ), Dan 2:44 (twice in verse); Dan 3:33; Dan 4:31; Dan 6:27; Dan 7:27 of Messiah Dan 7:14 (twice in verse); of saints Dan 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 7:22; Dan 7:27.
3. realm (territorial) Dan 4:15; Dan 4:33b; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:11; Dan 5:16; Dan 5:29; Dan 6:2 (twice in verse); Dan 6:4; Dan 6:8; Dan 6:27; Ezra 7:13; Ezra 7:23 metonymy Ezra 6:5 = administration of realm.
4. reign, time of reigning Dan 5:26; Dan 6:29 (twice in verse); Ezra 4:24; Ezra 6:15.

Strong's Definition H4437
kingdom, reign, realm, kingdoms, kingly
malkû
dominion (abstractly or concretely)
  • royalty, reign, kingdom
    • royalty, kingship, kingly authority
      • "kingdom"realm (of territory)"reign (of time)
Variations 21 forms of this word
Translations 25 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
אֲנָשָׁ א
אֲנָשָׁ
Root word men, man, mans, whosoever
א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: אֱנָשׁ · eh-NOHSH
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncmsd/Td
Noun — Common, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)
אֲנָשָׁ Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Singular State Determined
א Speech Particle Type Definite Article
In English
In the KJV here: of men
of men ×8 men ×3 man ×2 of man ×2 or man ×2 a man ×1 a mans ×1 and a mans ×1
More options
person — Neutral, inclusive; best default for generic human reference.
human being — Emphasizes humanity broadly; good for philosophical or universal contexts.
man — Retained when gender-specific or traditional rendering is required.
people — Use for plural forms referring to humans collectively.
anyone — Ideal for indefinite or 'whosoever' constructions.
mortal — Highlights human frailty or finitude; suits poetic or wisdom texts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9320 H606

BDB9319 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9321

אֱנָשׁ noun masculine man, mankind; — absolute ׳א Dan 2:10 +; emphatic אֲנָשָׁא vDan 2:38 +, so Qr Dan 4:13; Dan 4:14 ( > Kt אנושׁא K§ 57f); so Nabataean אנוש often Lzb222 Cooke219 SAC22): plural אֲנָשָׁים Dan 4:14 (Hebraism, M53* proposes אֲנָשָׁא); —

1. man, human being, Dan 2:10; Dan 3:10; Dan 4:13; Dan 5:5; Dan 5:7 (twice in verse); Dan 6:13 (twice in verse); Dan 7:4 (twice in verse); Dan 7:8; Ezra 6:11 so בַּראֱֿנָשׁ Dan 7:13 a son of man, human being (see especially DrDan 102 DB SON OF MAN).
2. collective men, people, Ezra 4:11; Dan 4:14a; Dan 4:22 (twice in verse); Dan 4:29 (twice in verse); Dan 4:30; Dan 5:21, compare plural Dan 4:14 ׳ןְרַע א Dan 2:43 i.e. human offspring; בְּנֵי אֲנָשָׁא sons of men, = men, Dan 2:38; Dan 5:21.

Strong's Definition H606
men, man, mans, whosoever
ʾĕnoš
a man
  • man, human being
    • "mankind (collective)
Variations 7 forms of this word
Translations 12 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: מָן · mawn
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/R/Pfxcs
Noun — Common, singular
Speech Conjunction
Speech Preposition
Speech Noun Type Common Number Singular
Speech Pronoun Type Indefinite Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: it to whomsoever
it to whomsoever ×3 and whoso ×2 and who ×1 it whomsoever ×1 unto them who ×1 what ×1 who ×1
More options
whoever — Most natural modern form; covers persons broadly.
whatever — Use when the referent is a thing, not a person.
whichever — Implies selection among a defined set of options.
anyone who — Emphasizes open, inclusive scope; good in legal or conditional contexts.
the one who — More specific; highlights a singular, identifiable referent.
what — Retain when the interrogative or exclamatory sense is primary.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9669 H4479 H4310

BDB9668 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9670

מַן (so Gi, with most MSS., supported by Syriac , Arabic ; see K§ 22, 1), מָן (Baer: see on Dan 3:6), interrogative pronoun who? (Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene מן Lzb312 Cooke188), ᵑ7 מן, Syriac , Ethiopic Arabic WCG 123: Biblical Hebrew מִי); —

1. who? Ezra 5:3; Ezra 5:9 strengthened by הוּא, Dan 3:15 וּמַןהֿוּא אֱלָהּ דִּי who is the God who . . . ? (compare Syriac contracted from , and מַנּוּ in the Syriacizing ᵑ7 to Proverbs: also Biblical Hebrew מִי הוּא, הוּא 4 b β); so in the plural Ezra 5:4 מִןאִֿנוּן שְׁמָהָת what (literally who: compare מִי 1 a, and Gen 32:28; Exod 3:13 ᵑ7) are the names of . . .?
2. מַןדּֿי whosoever (literally who is there that . . .? see Biblical Hebrew מִי g) Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 מִןדִּֿי לָא יִפֵּל, Dan 4:14 וּלְמִן דִּי יִצְבֵּא יִתְּנִנַּהּ to whomsoever he willeth, he giveth it, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 (so Nabataean מן די, Cooke241, 325 ff.; ᵑ7 מַן דְּ; Syriac ; compare Egyptian Aramaic S-CPap. K 7, 12 ולמן זי צבית תנתן).

Strong's Definition H4479
whomsoever, who, whoso, what
mān
who or what (properly, interrogatively, hence, also indefinitely and relatively)
  • who?, what?, whoever, whosoever
Variations 3 forms of this word
Translations 7 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: דִּי · dee
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Pfxcs
Noun — Common, singular
Speech Noun Type Common Number Singular
Speech Pronoun Type Indefinite Number Singular
In English
that ×88 of ×60 which ×52 whom ×9 whose ×7 for ×6 and whereas ×4 and whom ×3
More options
that — Most versatile; use as general relative or complementizer.
which — Prefer for non-personal antecedents.
who — Use when antecedent is a person.
whose — Marks genitive/possessive relationship with antecedent.
of — Use for construct-like genitive links between nouns.
because — Use when דִּי introduces a causal clause.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9440 H1768 H2088 H834

BDB9439 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9441

דִּי particle of relation, who, which, that, used also as mark of genitive and conjunction that, because (Aramaic of Nineveh, Babylonian, Zinjirli, Nerab, Cilicia, Têma, Egypt, ןי (Lzb267. 446 RES361 S-CPap. A 2 +); Nabataean, Palmyrene די; ᵑ7 דְּ (except in compounds, as דִּילִי mine, דִּילֵיהּ his); Samaritan ; Syriac ; Ethiopic za: of same origin as Arabic possessor of [compare below Biblical Hebrew זֶה]. Properly a demonstrative that [compare זֶה; in Ethiopic ze is 'this', za 'which']; but this being referred by usage to something preceding becomes equivalent to the relative who, which, used, however, more widely than Hebrew אֲשֶׁר); —

1. as rel. who, which (construed like אֲשֶׁר): a. Jer 10:11; Dan 2:11 דִּי מְדָֽרְהוֺן whose dwelling, vDan 2:24 דִּי מַנִּי מַלְבָּא whom the king had appointed, vDan 2:26 ׳דִּי שְׁמֵהּ בּ whose name was B., Dan 4:5; Dan 5:12; Dan 5:23, etc.; = that which Dan 2:23 = him that Ezra 7:25; Ezra 6:15; Dan 7:17 דִּת אִנוּן אַרְבַּע which are four (see אִנּוּן). Following pronoun of 2 person (compare אֲשֶׁר 3), Dan 2:37 thou, O king ..., דִּי ֗֗֗ יְהַב לָח to whom... hath given, Dan 4:19; Dan 4:6 as to whom I know, etc. (compare אֲשֶׁר 4 d end). Sq. תַּמָּה = where Ezra 6:1, so דִּי alone Ezra 6:3; Dan 2:38 of time, בְּעִדָּנָא דִּי at the time when, etc., Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15. With the predicate an infinitive with לְ, Dan 6:9 כְּתָבָא דִּי לָא לְהַשְׁנָיָה which is not to be changed, Ezra 6:8 a place- or other determination, Dan 3:20 valiant men בְחֵילֵהּ that were in his army, Dan 5:2 הֵיכְלָא דִּי בִירוּשְׁלֵב, Dan 7:20; Ezra 4:24; Ezra 5:6; Ezra 6:2; Ezra 6:6 compare Dan 2:25; Dan 5:13; Dan 7:7; Ezra 7:23. דִּי לָא = without, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:22 (so דְּלָא ᵑ7 Gen 15:2; Exod 21:11); compare Dan 2:34; Dan 2:45.
  b. מָן דִּי, מָה דִּי (compare in late Hebrew ׳מַהשֶּֿׁ, מַה 1 e b) whoever, whatever, so Dan 3:6; Dan 3:11 יִפֵּל ָ(מןדִּֿילָֿא whoever does not fall down, Dan 4:14 לְמָן דִּי יִצְבֵּא to whomsoever he willeth, v.Dan 4:22 v.Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21 מָה דִי whatever (or simply what), Dan 2:28 מָה דִּי לֶהֱוֵא what will be, vDan 2:29 vDan 2:29 vDan 2:45; Ezra 6:8; Ezra 7:18. — compare K§ 103.
2. as mark of the genitive, Dan 2:15 שׁליטא די מלכא properly the captain, that of the king = the king's captain (a genuine Aramaic idiom: so ᵑ7 דְּ, Syriac constantly), vDan 2:19 vDan 2:25 vDan 2:49 + often: the substantive in such cases may be either in the emphatic state (determined), as ll. cc. Ezra 4:15; Ezra 5:2, etc., or in the absolute state (undetermined), Dan 5:5; Dan 7:4; Dan 7:9; Dan 7:10 נְהַר דִּי נוּר; or it may have a pleonastic suffix, Dan 2:20 שְׁמֵהּ דִּי אֱלָהָא literally his name, that of God = God's name, vDan 2:44; Dan 3:8; Dan 3:25; Dan 3:26; Dan 4:23, etc. (so also ᵑ7 Syriac). To circumscribe an adjective, especially in specification of the material: Dan 2:38 thou art רֵאשָׁה דִּי דַהֲבָא the head of gold, vDan 2:39; Dan 3:1; Dan 5:7; Dan 5:16; Ezra 5:14; Ezra 6:4 +; as predicate Dan 2:32 רֵאשֵׁהּ דִּידְֿהַב טָב his head (was) of fine gold, vDan 2:33; Dan 7:19 with a pronoun Dan 2:20 wisdom and might דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא are his; compare Dan 6:27 וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּילָֿא תִתְחַבַּל his kingdom (is one) which shall not be destroyed, Dan 7:14. — See further K§ 81.
3. as conjunction (compare אֲשֶׁר 8):
  a. that (quod), after verbs of knowing, Dan 2:8; Dan 2:9, seeing Dan 2:45; Dan 3:27, hearing Dan 5:14, etc.; introducing the subject of a sentence, יְדִיעַ ֗֗֗ דִּי ֗֗֗ Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:13; Dan 2:47 מִןקְֿשֹׁט דִּי ֗֗֗ True is it that . . . (compare אָמְנָם כִּי Job 12:2).
  b. = in that, inasmuch as, whereas: Dan 2:41 and whereas (דִּי) thou sawest, etc. . . . it shall be adivided kingdom, vDan 2:43; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:23 as a connecting link$ = seeing that, because, for (compare אֲשֶׁר 8 c) Dan 2:9; Dan 2:20b; Dan 2:23b; Dan 2:47b; Dan 4:15; Dan 6:24b.
  c. that (ut), after verbs of asking Dan 2:16, commanding Dan 3:10; Dan 3:29, expressing a purpose Dan 4:3; Dan 5:15; Ezra 4:15; Ezra 6:10 +; דִּי לָא that not (ne) Dan 2:18; Dan 3:28; Dan 6:18 (on דִּי לְמָה lest Ezra 7:23, see מה).
  d. prefixed to direct narr. (like כִּי 1 b, and sometimes אֲשֶׁר 8 a γ, and ὅτι recitativum), Dan 2:25 and said thus unto him דִּיהַֿשְׁכַּחַת (that) I have found, etc., Dan 5:7; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:14.
4. with prepositions and other prefixes:
  a. כְּ דִי (like Hebrew כַּאֲשֶׁר; so Egyptian Aramaic כזי, Palmyrene, Nabataean כדי, Lzb293 SACG1 62, 63 Cooke369 b RES:361; ᵑ7 כַּד, Syriac ); a according as, Dan 2:43 b. so soon as, when, Dan 3:7; Dan 5:20; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:15.
  b. מִןדִּֿי: a. because that, Dan 3:22; Ezra 5:12 (compare מֵאֲשֶׁר Isa 43:4); b. from (the time) that, after (ex quo), Dan 4:23; Ezra 4:23.
  c. עַד דִּי until, Dan 2:9; Dan 2:34; Dan 4:30; Dan 7:22 = ere that Dan 6:25.
  d. עַל דִּי Dan 3:19 is not a conjunction, but means above that which ...
  e. for עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי and כָּלקֳֿבֵל דִּי see [ דִּבְרָה] and קֳבֵל.

BDB9603 H1768 H1836 H2298

BDB9602 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9604

כ

כְּ particle like, as, about (Biblical Hebrew כְּ, q. v.); — like, as Dan 2:40 תַּקִּיפָא כְּפַרְוְלָא, Dan 4:5; Dan 4:32; Dan 5:1 +; according to Dan 4:32 וּכְּ מִצְבְּיֵהּ עָכֵד and according to his will he doeth, Ezra 6:9; Ezra 6:18 +; about (as Biblical Hebrew 1 a: compare Zinjirli Lzb444 [ן] כשלשן מלכ), Dan 4:16 כְּשָׁעָה חֲדָה, Dan 6:1 with infinitive (Biblical Hebrew 3 b), Dan 6:21 וּכְ מִקְרְנֵהּ לִגֻבָּא and as he drew near, etc. Cpds.: — כְּ דִי and כִּדְנָה, see דִּי and דָּאנה; כַּחֲדָה; together, see חַד (sub אחד).

Strong's Definition H1768
that, of, which, whom, whose, …
dî
that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of
  • (rel part) who, which, that
    • "(mark of genitive) that of, which belongs to, that"(conj) that, because
Variations 10 forms of this word
Translations 43 English renderings
Search every verse
Word Parts
יִצְבֵּא֙
יִצְבֵּא֙
Root word will, would
Dictionary form: צְבָא · tseh-BAW
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vqp3ms
Verb — Peal, Perfect (Qatal), third person masculine singular simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal completed action — try "he ___ed" or "he has ___ed" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"
יִצְבֵּא Speech Verb Stem Peal Type Perfect (Qatal) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: he will
he will ×4 according to his will ×1 i would ×1
More options
wish — Broad, natural choice for expressing personal desire.
want — Informal, everyday register; fits narrative prose well.
desire — Slightly more formal; suits poetic or elevated contexts.
choose — Emphasizes volitional decision rather than mere longing.
please — Idiomatic in 'as it pleases him'; reflects sovereign will.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9832 H6634 H6633

BDB9831 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9833

צ

[צְבָא] verb be inclined, desire, be pleased (ᵑ7 Syriac; compare Biblical Hebrew II. צבה); —

Pe`al 1. desire: Perfect 1 singular צְבִית (K§ 47 Beisp. 1) a) NöGGA, 1884, 1019 perfect intransitive) Dan 7:19 (c. infinitive).
2. be pleased, will (without hindrance), absolute, of God: Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִצְבֵּא Dan 4:14; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29 Infinitive suffix מִצְבְּיֵהּ v.Dan 4:32 according to his willing; of Nebuchadnezzar: Participle active צָבֵא Dan 5:19 (4 t. in verse)

Strong's Definition H6634
will, would
ṣĕbāʾ
to please
  • to desire, be inclined, be willing, be pleased
    • (P'al)
      • to desire
        • "to be pleased"to will (without hindrance) (of God)
Variations 4 forms of this word
Translations 3 English renderings
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Word Parts
יִתְּנִנַּ ֔הּ
יִתְּנִנַּ
Root word giveth, bestow, give, pay
֔הּ
Suffix — pronoun her / it
Dictionary form: נְתַן · neh-TAHN
Vowels & Accents
הּ
Mapiq — the "her" dot The dot inside the final הּ (mapiq) makes the ה a real consonant: it is the suffix "her / its" attached to this word.
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vqi3ms/Sp3fs
Verb — Peal, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"
יִתְּנִנַּ Speech Verb Stem Peal Type Imperfect (Yiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
הּ Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Feminine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: and giveth
and giveth ×3 bestow ×1 he would give ×1 pay ×1 to bestow ×1
More options
give — Most versatile; suits most general contexts.
grant — Implies authority or favor from the giver.
bestow — Formal register; gifts conferred with dignity.
pay — Use when the giving settles a debt or obligation.
hand over — Emphasizes physical transfer or delivery.
present — Suitable for ceremonial or official giving.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9726 H5414 H5415

BDB9725 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9727

[נְתַן] verb give (see Biblical Hebrew; ᵑ7 rare; Old Aramaic נתן, Imperfect ינתן, so Nabataean; Zinjirli, Palmyrene יתן; Egyptian Aramaic Imperfect אנתן, ינתן, etc., S-CPap. A 7 +, plural suffix תנתנונה ib.J 9, Infinitive למנתן S-CC 6, 9+); —

Pe`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִנְתִּןֿ (K§ 42) Dan 2:16, suffix יִתְּנִנַּהּ Dan 4:15 +; 2 masculine singular תִּנְתֵּן Ezra 7:20 3 masculine plural יִנְתְּנוּן Ezra 4:13 Infinitive לְמִנְתַּ֑ן Ezra 7:20 —
1. give, subject God, with suffix of thing + ל person, Dan 4:14; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29.
2. of man, give, allow, accusative time, Dan 2:16.
3. give, pay, accusative of thing, Ezra 4:13; Ezra 7:20 (+ מִן of source), absolute vEzra 7:20.

Strong's Definition H5415
giveth, bestow, give, pay
nĕtan
give
  • to give
    • (P'al)
      • to give
        • "to give, allow"to give, pay
Variations 6 forms of this word
Translations 5 English renderings
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Word Parts
וּ שְׁפַ֥ל
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
שְׁפַ֥ל
Root word basest
Dictionary form: שְׁפַל · sheh-PAHL
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar C/Aamsc
Adjective — masculine singular, construct state "___ of …" — bound to the next word
וּ Speech Conjunction
שְׁפַל Speech Adjective Type Adjective Gender Masculine Number Singular State Construct
In English
In the KJV here: it the basest
it the basest ×1
More options
low — Broad, everyday term for low rank or status.
lowly — Suggests humble or inferior social standing.
humble — Emphasizes meekness; good for spiritual contexts.
lowest — Superlative; use when ranking is explicit in context.
inferior — Highlights subordinate rank or diminished worth.
degraded — Stronger; implies reduction from a higher position.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9980 H8215

BDB9979 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9981

שְׁפַל adjective low in station; — construct ׳שׁ Dan 4:14.

Strong's Definition H8215
basest
šĕpal
low
  • low, lowliest (of station)
Variations 1 forms of this word
Translations 1 English renderings
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Word Parts
אֲנָשִׁ֖ים
אֲנָשִׁ֖ים
Root word men, man, mans, whosoever
Dictionary form: אֱנָשׁ · eh-NOHSH
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Ncmpa
Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"
אֲנָשִׁים Speech Noun Type Common Gender Masculine Number Plural State Absolute
In English
In the KJV here: of men
of men ×8 men ×3 man ×2 of man ×2 or man ×2 a man ×1 a mans ×1 and a mans ×1
More options
person — Neutral, inclusive; best default for generic human reference.
human being — Emphasizes humanity broadly; good for philosophical or universal contexts.
man — Retained when gender-specific or traditional rendering is required.
people — Use for plural forms referring to humans collectively.
anyone — Ideal for indefinite or 'whosoever' constructions.
mortal — Highlights human frailty or finitude; suits poetic or wisdom texts.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9320 H606

BDB9319 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9321

אֱנָשׁ noun masculine man, mankind; — absolute ׳א Dan 2:10 +; emphatic אֲנָשָׁא vDan 2:38 +, so Qr Dan 4:13; Dan 4:14 ( > Kt אנושׁא K§ 57f); so Nabataean אנוש often Lzb222 Cooke219 SAC22): plural אֲנָשָׁים Dan 4:14 (Hebraism, M53* proposes אֲנָשָׁא); —

1. man, human being, Dan 2:10; Dan 3:10; Dan 4:13; Dan 5:5; Dan 5:7 (twice in verse); Dan 6:13 (twice in verse); Dan 7:4 (twice in verse); Dan 7:8; Ezra 6:11 so בַּראֱֿנָשׁ Dan 7:13 a son of man, human being (see especially DrDan 102 DB SON OF MAN).
2. collective men, people, Ezra 4:11; Dan 4:14a; Dan 4:22 (twice in verse); Dan 4:29 (twice in verse); Dan 4:30; Dan 5:21, compare plural Dan 4:14 ׳ןְרַע א Dan 2:43 i.e. human offspring; בְּנֵי אֲנָשָׁא sons of men, = men, Dan 2:38; Dan 5:21.

Strong's Definition H606
men, man, mans, whosoever
ʾĕnoš
a man
  • man, human being
    • "mankind (collective)
Variations 7 forms of this word
Translations 12 English renderings
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Word Parts
יְקִ֥ים
יְקִ֥ים
Root word up, arise, set, stood, stand, …
Dictionary form: קוּם · koom
Vowels & Accents
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar Vai3ms
Verb — Aphel, Imperfect (Yiqtol), third person masculine singular causative (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Hiphil not-yet-complete action — try "he will ___" or "he ___s" the built-in subject is "he (or it)"
יְקִים Speech Verb Stem Aphel Type Imperfect (Yiqtol) Person Third Person Gender Masculine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: and setteth up
had set up ×4 and setteth up ×2 stood ×2 thou hast set up ×2 to set ×2 and it raised up ×1 and made stand ×1 and rose up ×1
More options
rise — Most neutral, broadly applicable across narrative contexts.
stand — Use when emphasizing upright position or endurance.
set up — Prefer for erecting structures, statues, or institutions.
establish — Formal register; suits covenants, kingdoms, or decrees.
appoint — Use when designating a person or role officially.
raise up — Good for God raising leaders or nations; vivid agency.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9856 H6965 H6966

BDB9855 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9857

[קוּם] verb arise, stand (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular קָם Dan 3:24, 3 masculine plural קָ֫מוּ Ezra 5:2 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְקוּם Dan 6:20; Dan 7:24, 3 feminine singular תְּקוּם Dan 2:39; Dan 2:44 3 masculine plural יְקוּמוּן Dan 7:10; Dan 7:17; Dan 7:24 (׳יְקֻ); Participle קָאֵם Dan 2:31, plural קאמין Kt, קָֽיְמִין Qr, Dan 3:3, emphatic קָֽאֲמַיָּא Dan 7:16 —
1. literally arise Dan 3:24 (i.e. from throne), Dan 6:20 (from bed).
2. figurative = come on the scene of history: of kingdom Dan 2:39, king Dan 7:17; Dan 7:24 (both מִן of source), vDan 7:24.
3. arise (out of inaction), and build Ezra 5:2, devour Dan 7:5b.
4. stand, literal, לָקֳבֵל person Dan 2:31, compare Dan 3:3, קֳדָם person Dan 7:10 participle as noun, those standing (there) vDan 7:16.
5. endure, kingdom Dan 2:44. Pa`el set up, establish an ordinance (קְיָם): Infinitive לְקַיָּמָה Dan 6:8. Haph`el (K§ 45, 4) Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲקֵים Dan 3:2 +, וַהֲקִים Dan 6:2, suffix הֱקִימֵהּ Dan 5:11, אֲקִימֵהּ Dan 3:1 3 feminine singular הֱקִמַת Dan 7:5 2 masculine singular הֲקֵימְתּ Dan 3:12; Dan 3:18 1 singular הֲקֵ֫ימֶת לָא Dan 3:14 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְהָקֵים (K§ 45, b)) Dan 5:21; Dan 6:16, יְקִים Dan 2:44; Dan 4:14 Infinitive suffix לַהֲקָמוּתֵהּ Dan 6:4 Participle active מְהָקֵים Dan 2:21 —
1. set up, literal image Dan 3:1; Dan 3:2; Dan 3:3 (twice in verse); Dan 3:5; Dan 3:7; Dan 3:12; Dan 3:14; Dan 3:18 figurative kings Dan 2:21, kingdom vDan 2:44.
2. lift up one side Dan 7:5 a (Dr).
3. establish, with accusative קְיָם Dan 6:16 (= Pa`el), אֱסָרָא v.Dan 6:9.
4. appoint Ezra 6:18, 2 accusative Dan 5:11 suffix person + עַל Dan 6:4, ל accusative of person + עַל Dan 4:14; Dan 5:21; Dan 6:2. Hoph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular הֳקִימַת (variants in Str; compare K§ 45, 5; not Hebraism NöGGA 1867, 1784; WCG 225, 253) Dan 7:4 be made to stand עַלרַגְיִן.

Strong's Definition H6966
up, arise, set, stood, stand, …
qûm
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
  • to arise, stand
    • (P'al)
      • to arise from
        • "to come on the scene (figuratively)"to arise (out of inaction)"to stand"to endure
      (Pael) to set up, establish"(Aphel)
      • to set up
        • "to lift up"to establish"to appoint
      (Hophal) to be made to stand
Variations 25 forms of this word
Translations 28 English renderings
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Word Parts
עֲלַֽ הּ
עֲלַֽ
Preposition upon, unto, over, in, against, …
הּ
Suffix — pronoun her / it
Dictionary form: עַל · al
Vowels & Accents
הּ
Mapiq — the "her" dot The dot inside the final הּ (mapiq) makes the ה a real consonant: it is the suffix "her / its" attached to this word.
Hebrew Alephbet
Grammar R/Sp3fs
Preposition
עֲלַֽ Speech Preposition
הּ Speech Suffix Type Pronominal Person Third Person Gender Feminine Number Singular
In English
In the KJV here: over
upon ×16 over ×9 unto ×8 against ×7 concerning ×5 in ×5 for ×4 to ×4
More options
on — Most versatile default; covers surface and figurative senses.
over — Use for authority, coverage, or position above.
about — Best for topics or subjects of speech or thought.
against — Use for opposition, complaint, or hostile action.
concerning — Formal; suits legal or prophetic discourse on a subject.
regarding — Neutral modern alternative to 'concerning'.
Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)

BDB9768 H5922 H5921

BDB9767 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9769

עַל preposition upon, over, on account of, above, to, against (Biblical Hebrew and general Aramaic id.); — suffix 1 singular עֲלַי; 2 masculine singular עליך Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, CookeNo. 77, A 5, 6, B 8, S-CPap. A 3, B 5 +), עֲלָךְ, Qr (ᵑ7 עֲלַךְ, Dalm§ 47, 2) Dan 3:12 + 6 t. Daniel; Ezra 7:18 3 masculine singular עֲלוֺהִי (so Nabataean, Palmyrene; Egyptian Aramaic עלוי S-CA 6 +) Dan 3:28 +, עֲלֹהִי Ezra 6:11 3 feminine singular עליה Kt (so Egyptian Aramaic, S-CD 24), עֲלַהּ Qr (so ᵑ7) Dan 4:14; Dan 5:21 1 plural עֲלֵינָא Ezra 4:12, עֲלֵ֑ינָא Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:17 Baer (Gi עֲלֶ֑ינָא); 3 masculine plural עֲלֵיהֹם (so Nabataean, CISii. 226; Egyptian Aramaic, S-CPap. F 5, 8+) Ezra 7:24, עֲלֵיהוֺן Ezra 5:1; Ezra 5:3 —

1. a. upon, Dan 2:10; Dan 2:28; Dan 2:46; Dan 5:5; Dan 5:7; Dan 6:11 + often, Dan 4:26 עַלהֵֿיכַל מַלְכוּתָא (2Sam 11:2); to be established עַל מַלְכוּתִי 2Sam 4:33 (compare 2Chr 1:1 Biblical Hebrew II. 1) to lay an impost upon, Ezra 7:24 to trust on, Dan 3:28 after a verb of motion, מְטָא עַל to come upon, Dan 4:21; Dan 4:25 of times, to pass over, Dan 4:13; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29; Ezra 5:1 בְּשֻׁם אֱלָהּ יִשְׂרָאֵל עֲלֵיהוֺן i.e. (named) over them.
  b. idiomatic (as in Biblical Hebrew; see II. 1 d) of the person who is the subject of an emotion or experience, Dan 5:9 וְזִיוֺתִי שָׁנַיִן עֲלוֺהִי were changed upon him, Dan 7:28; Dan 6:19 וְשִׁנְּתֵהּ נַדַּת עֲלוֺהִי (compare Dan 2:1).
  c. on accusative of (Biblical Hebrew 1 f b), Dan 3:16 פִּתְגָּם עַלדְּֿנָה. So in עַלדְּֿנָה on this accusative Ezra 4:15; Ezra 4:22; Ezra 5:17, עַלמָֿה wherefore ? Dan 2:15 and עַל דִּבְרַת דִּי (see ׳דְּ).
  d. on behalf of (ib. 1 f c), Ezra 6:17.
  e. regarding, concerning (ib. 1 f g), Dan 2:18; Dan 5:14; Dan 5:29; Dan 6:6; Dan 6:13; Ezra 7:14 + often
2. over, with verbs of ruling, appointing, etc., Dan 2:48; Dan 2:49; Dan 3:12; Dan 4:14 +, Ezra 4:20; Ezra 6:18.
3. in a comparative sense, above, beyond, Dan 3:19; Dan 6:4.
4. expressing direction:
  a. to, of a person, after a verb of motion (compare Biblical Hebrew 7 c a a), Dan 2:24; Dan 4:31; Dan 4:33; Dan 6:7; Dan 6:16; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:23 + often; after to send (a letter, etc.) Ezra 4:11; Ezra 4:17; Ezra 4:18; Ezra 5:6 +, write Ezra 4:7, prophesy Ezra 5:1 of the direction of the mind (ib. 7c c), Dan 3:12; Dan 6:14 (twice in verse); Dan 6:15 compare Ezra 5:5 הֲוַת עַל ׳וְעֵין אֱל (compare Jer 40:4 and אֶל Ps 34:16).
  b. against, Dan 3:19; Dan 3:29; Dan 5:23; Dan 6:5; Dan 6:6 +; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 7:23.
5. in such phrases as שְׁפַר עַל, טְאֵב (to be) good or acceptable to (as in Syriac and late Hebrew: see Biblical Hebrew 8), Ezra 5:17 אִם עַל מַלְכָּא טָב, Ezra 7:18 (twice in verse); Dan 4:24 (יִשְׁפַּר), Dan 6:15 (בְּאֵשׁ), v.Dan 6:24 (טְאֵב). — compare the synopsis of meanings in Lzb340.

Strong's Definition H5922
upon, unto, over, in, against, …
ʿal
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
  • upon, over, on account of, above, to, against
    • upon, over, on account of, regarding, concerning, on behalf of
      • "over (with verbs of ruling)"above, beyond (in comparison)"to, against (of direction)
Variations 14 forms of this word
Translations 41 English renderings
Daniel 4:16
Read Daniel 4
Daniel 4:18