Daniel 2:21

וְ֠הוּא מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א עִדָּנַיָּא֙ וְזִמְנַיָּ֔א מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין וּמְהָקֵ֣ים מַלְכִ֑ין יָהֵ֤ב חָכְמְתָא֙ לְחַכִּימִ֔ין וּמַנְדְּעָ֖א לְיָדְעֵ֥י בִינָֽה
And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding:
Select a Hebrew word above to see its details.

Breakdown unavailable for this word. Dictionary form: הוּא · hoo

Noun — masculine singular

In the KJV here: and he
he ×5 this ×2 and he ×1 and it ×1 and this ×1 are his ×1 art this ×1 is that ×1
More options
he — Default choice for masculine singular personal pronoun.
it — Use when referencing a non-personal or abstract antecedent.
that — Demonstrative; points to something previously mentioned.
this — Demonstrative; points to something immediate or close.
the one — Emphasizes singularity or identity; formal register.
same — Stresses identity or continuity with a prior referent.

BDB9314 H581 H1932

BDB9313 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9315

אִנּוּן pronoun 3 masculine plural they, those (plural of הוּא: ᵑ7 אִינּוּן, feminine אִינִּין, e.g. Gen 3:7; Gen 6:2 Syriac , feminine , ; Talmud אִינְהוֺ, אִינְהֵי (for אִינְהוֺן, אִינְהֵין); Mandean הינון, הינין; — all from הוֺן, הֵן with demonstrative Syll. אן, הן 'lo,' prefixed, WOG 98, 106 NöM 86); — they, those, Dan 2:44 מַלְכַיָּא אִנוּן those kings, Dan 6:25 as accusative רְמוֺ אִנוּן, Dan 7:17 Kt דִּי אִנוּן אַרְכַּע (Qr feminine אִנִּין) which are four (Dr1Sam 10:19 K§ 87,3), Ezra 5:4 . . . מָה אִנוּן שְׁמָהָת = what are the names . . . ? (Dr§ 201, 3, Obs., Kl.c.) compare הוּא.

BDB9471 H1932 H1931

BDB9470 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9472

הוּא14 masculine הִיא7 feminine pronoun of 3 singular he, she, it (= Biblical Hebrew הוּא, הִיא; Zinjirli and Palmyrene (once) הא, Palmyrene (usually), Nabataean, Egyptian Aramaic הו, feminine ׳ה, Lzb257, S-CPap. A 1, 12+; A 4, C 9 +. The plural is אִנּוּן, q. v.); — he, she, it, Dan 2:21 וְהוּא מְהַשְׁנֵא ֗֗֗ and he will change, etc., vDan 2:22 vDan 2:44; Dan 6:5; Dan 7:7; Dan 7:24; Ezra 5:8; Dan 2:32 הוּא צַלְמָא that image (nom. pend. ['hanging' noun clause]); Dan 4:19 אַנְתָּה הוּא thou art it. Resuming the subject with emphatic (Biblical Hebrew 2 b) Dan 2:47; Dan 6:17 resuming the subject in predication (ib. 3 b) Dan 2:20 חָכְמְתָא וּגְבוּרְתָּא דִּילֵֿהּ הִיא it is his, vDan 2:28. Anticipating the subject (ib. 4 a) Dan 2:9 חֲדָא הִיא דָֽתְכוֺן; with a pronoun (ib. 4 b) Dan 2:38 אַנְתְּה הוּא ֗֗֗ thou art the head of gold Dan 5:13; Dan 3:15 מָן הוּא אֱלָהּ ֗֗֗ who is the god . . . ? (so plural אִנּוּן Ezra 5:4); Ezra 4:27 הֲלָא דָא הִיא ֗֗֗ (ib. 4 b γ); Ezra 6:27 דִּי הוּא ֗֗֗ who is . . . (ib. 2 c), Ezra 6:15 (so דִּי אִנוּן ֗֗֗ Dan 7:17). [compare in ᵑ7 Exod 14:25; Exod 15:11; 2Sam 20:19; 2Sam 24:17; Ps 43:2; Ps 63:4; Ps 66:3 +.] Affirming existence (Biblical Hebrew 6 b) Dan 4:21. compare Dr §§ 198-201, K§ 87, 3.

he, this, it, that, one, …
hûʾ
he (she or it); self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demonstrative) this or that; occasionally (instead of copula) as or are
  • he, she, it
    • (emphasising and resuming subject)
      • "(anticipating subj)"as demons pron"(relative)"(affirming existence)

מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א
מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א
Root word changed, diverse, alter, change, changeth
Dictionary form: שְׁנָא · sheh-NAW

Verb — Haphel, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state causative (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Hiphil ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: changeth
be changed ×4 changed ×3 was changed ×3 diverse ×2 shall be diverse ×2 and have changed ×1 changeth ×1 may be changed ×1
More options
change — Most versatile; suits most contexts naturally.
alter — Slightly formal; implies partial or deliberate modification.
be transformed — Emphases a thorough or striking change in form.
differ — Better for 'diverse' senses; highlights contrast or distinction.
be modified — Neutral, administrative tone; fits legal or decree contexts.
deviate — Useful when change implies departure from a norm or law.

BDB8881 H8138 H8133 H8132

BDB8880 | BIBLICAL HEBREW | BDB8882

I. [שָׁנָה] verb change (Late Hebrew Pi`el, etc.; Eccl 42:24 etc.; Assyrian šanû, change, Aramaic שְׁנָא, Nabataean Ethpa`al Lzb379; Syriac , especially mentally = grow insane; compare (probably) Late Hebrew שָׁנָה year, = Phoenician שנת, שת; MI2, 8 שת; Assyrian šattu (compare Muss-ArnJBL xi (1892), 73 n.); Arabic ; Aramaic שְׁנַא, שַׁתָּא, , ; Old Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene שנתא, שנת, שת, שנן Lzb379 f.; on year from changing seasons, see PhilippiZMG xxxii (1878), 79 f. BaZMG xll (1887), 612, 621, 636 (especially against DHMVIme Orient. Congr. ii. 1, 452 who proposes biliteral √), compare Thes; a daring suggestion by JenZA vii (1892), 177); —

Qal Perfect 1 singular לאֹ שָׁנִיתִי Mal 3:6 I am ׳׳י, I do not change: Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִשְׁנֶא (Ges«GKC:75rr»§ 75rr) Lam 4:1 how is the fine gold changed (si vera lectio; LöhrNow יִשָּׁנֵא; gloss on יוּעַס Bu Löhr); Infinitive construct שְׁנוֺת יְמִין עֶלְיוֺן Ps 77:11 the right hand of the Highest is changed (ᵑ6 ᵑ9 ᵑ7 Aq Symm Theod Hup-Now RVm Bae Du We Buhl; AV RV Ew De Che and others years, usually insert I will remember); Participle שׁוֺנִים Esth 1:7 differing, different, with מִן, compare Esth 3:8 (so Eccl 42:24); Prov 24:21 those who change (but dubious, see Toy). Pi`el transitive, change, alter: Perfect 3 masculine singular שִׁנָּה Jer 52:33 with accusative garments, = שִׁנָּא (Gesl.c.) 2Kgs 25:29 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְשַׁנֶּה דִּין Prov 31:5 lest he pervert the judgment; וַיְשַׁנּוֺ 1Sam 21:14 (read וַיְשַׁן Ges«GKC:75bb»§ 75bb, וַיְשַׁנֶּה We Dr (and references), compare Bu HPS Now), with accusative טַעְמוֺ (see טַעַם, and Assyrian šanê ‰êmi, madness); וַיְשַׁנֶּהָ Esth 2:9, i.e. changed her place לְטוֺב בֵּית הַנָּשִׁים; 1 singular Ps 89:35 the utterance of my lips I will not change (|| לֹא אֲחַלֵּל בְּרִיתִי); Infinitive construct לְשַׁנּוֺת אֶתדַּֿרְכֵךְ Jer 2:36 i.e. change thy political course; בְּשַׁנּוֺתוֺ אֶתֿ טַעְמוֺ Ps 34:1 (title; compare 1Sam 21:14 above); Participle מְשַׁנֶּה פָנָיו Job 14:20 altering his face, i.e. in death (subject God). Pu`al Imperfect 3 masculine singular וְעֹז פָּנָיו יְשֻׁנֶּא (Ges«GKC:75rr»§ 75rr) Eccl 8:1, usually is changed, mollified, Siegf יִשָּׂנֵא is hated (on ׳עֹז פ see עֹז 4, √עזז). Hithpa`el Perfect 2 feminine singular consecutive קוּמִי וְהִשְׁתַּנִּית 1Kgs 14:2 arise, pray, and disguise thyself.

changed, diverse, alter, change, changeth
šĕnāʾ
to alter
  • to change, be altered, be changed
    • (P'al) to change, be changed
      • "(Pael) to change, transform, frustrate
      • different (participle)
      (Ithpael) to be changed"(Aphel) to change, alter

עִדָּנַיָּ א֙
עִדָּנַיָּ
Root word time, times
א֙
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: עִדָּן · id-DAWN

Noun — Common, masculine plural, determined state plural — usually add "-s"; determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: the times
times ×4 the time ×2 time ×2 a time ×1 and time ×1 and times ×1 of time ×1 the times ×1
More options
time — Broadest rendering; fits most singular contexts.
period — Emphasizes a defined span or era of time.
season — Highlights an appointed or fitting moment in time.
era — Prefer for grand, sweeping stretches of history.
moment — Stresses brevity or a specific point in time.

BDB9753 H5732

BDB9752 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9754

עִדָּן noun masculineDan 2:9 time (ᵑ7 id., Syriac , perhaps loan-word from Assyrian adannu, fixed, appointed, or definite, time; [Arabic probably Aramaic loan-word, SchwZMG liii (1899), 197]); — absolute ׳ע Dan 7:12 +; emphatic עִדָּנָא Dan 2:8 +; plural absolute עִדָּנִין Dan 4:13 +, emphatic עִדָּנַיָּא Dan 2:21 —

1. in general, time, as duration Dan 2:8; Dan 7:12 involving specific conditions Dan 2:9; Dan 2:21 (point of) time Dan 3:5; Dan 3:15.
2. definite time, = year (as modern Greek χρόνος, see EASophocles1173): ׳שִׁבְעָה ע = seven years, Dan 4:13; Dan 4:20; Dan 4:22; Dan 4:29 עִדָּן וְעִדָּנִין וּפְלַג עִדָּן Dan 7:25 (i.e. 3 1/2 years, see Dr; perhaps read dual for plural, compare Bev GunkSchöpf. 201).

time, times
ʿiddān
a set time; technically, a year
  • time
    • time (of duration)
      • "year

וְ זִמְנַיָּ ֔א
וְ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
זִמְנַיָּ
Root word time, times, season, seasons
֔א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: זְמָן · dzeh-MAWN

Noun — Common, masculine plural, determined state plural — usually add "-s"; determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: and the seasons
times ×3 at the same time ×2 a season ×1 and the seasons ×1 and the time ×1 at that time ×1 him time ×1 time ×1
More options
appointed time — Emphasizes a fixed, set moment; formal contexts.
season — Highlights a recurring or designated period of time.
set time — Stresses deliberate scheduling; good for decrees or edicts.
occasion — Suits a specific, singular event or moment.
time — Broadest, most neutral option for general use.
period — Useful when duration rather than a point is in view.

BDB9490 H2166 H2165

BDB9489 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9491

זְמַן noun masculineDan 3:7 time (probably loan-word from Old Persian zrvan, zarvâna, time, age, NöM 152 Scheft45; compare Biblical Hebrew (late); and (on change of ν [b] to m) FräZA iii. 52; Nabataean זמן, Palmyrene (Nabataean) זבן Lzb266; Lzb268 SAC48. 49); — absolute ׳ז Dan 2:16; Dan 7:12 emphatic זִמְנָא Ezra 5:3 +; plural absolute Dan 6:11 +, emphatic זִמְנַיָּא Dan 2:21 — time: specified time Dan 2:16 appointed time Dan 7:12; Dan 7:22, compare Dan 2:21 בֵּהּ זִמְנָא at that time Ezra 5:3; Dan 3:7; Dan 3:8; Dan 4:33 (festival) seasons Dan 7:25 time, occurrence, Dan 6:11; Dan 6:14 three times in the day.

time, times, season, seasons
zĕmān
an appointed occasion
  • a set time, time, season

מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה
מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה
Root word away, altereth, departed, passed, removeth, …
Dictionary form: עֲדָא · uh-DAW

Verb — Haphel, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state causative (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Hiphil ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: he removeth
altereth ×2 and they shall take away ×1 and they took ×1 had passed on them ×1 he removeth ×1 is departed ×1 pass away ×1 taken away ×1
More options
remove — Most versatile; works for objects, rulers, or laws.
take away — Natural modern phrasing; good for concrete removal.
pass away — Prefer for abstract things like time, decrees, kingdoms.
depart — Intransitive; use when the subject moves away itself.
alter — Best when a law or decree is changed rather than removed.
strip away — Emphatic; conveys forceful or sudden removal.

BDB9751 H5709 H5674 H5710

BDB9750 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9752

[עֲדָה] verb pass on, away (ᵑ7 (often for Hebrew עָבַר, Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew I. עָדָה (rare, late)); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 feminine singular עֲדָת Dan 3:27; Dan 4:28 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יֶעְדֵּה Dan 7:14, 3 feminine singular תֶּעְדֵּה Dan 6:9 —
1. pass on, over, with ב person Dan 3:27.
2. pass way, of kingdom Dan 4:28 (מִן person), Dan 7:14 of law Dan 6:9. Haph`el take away (so Egyptian Aramaic S-CG 35): Perfect 3 masculine plural הֶעְדִּיו, accusative of thing, Dan 5:20 (מִן person), Dan 7:12 Imperfect 3 masculine plural יְהַעְדּוּן vDan 7:26 Participle מְהַעְדֵּה Dan 2:21 remove, depose kings, of God.

away, altereth, departed, passed, removeth, …
ʿădāʾ
to advance, i.e., pass on or continue; causatively, to remove; specifically, to bedeck (i.e., bring an ornament upon)
  • to pass on, pass away
    • (P'al)
      • to pass on, pass over
        • "to pass away
      (Aphel) to take away, remove, depose

מַלְכִ֖ין
מַלְכִ֖ין
Root word king, kings, royal
Dictionary form: מֶלֶךְ · meh-LEK

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: kings
the king ×75 o king ×19 the kings ×12 king ×10 kings ×9 unto the king ×9 and the king ×7 to the king ×6
More options
king — Standard modern rendering; broadly suitable in most contexts.
monarch — Formal or literary tone; emphasizes sovereign authority.
ruler — Broader term; useful when royal title is less central.
sovereign — Elevated register; stresses supreme political power.
royal — Adjectival use; prefer when modifying a noun directly.

BDB9662 H4429 H4430

BDB9661 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9663

מֶ֫לֶךְ178 noun masculine king (general Semitic; see Biblical Hebrew); — ׳מ absolute Dan 2:10 + 2 t.; construct Dan 4:34 + 6 t.; usually emphatic מַלְכָּא Ezra 4:8 + 154 t., ָ  ה Dan 2:11 plural מַלְכִין Ezra 4:15 + 9 t., ִ  ים Ezra 4:13 (Hebraism, BeRy M41*); emphatic מַלְכַיָּא Dan 2:44 + 2 t.; — king Dan 2:4; Dan 2:5 + 132 t. Daniel; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:11 + 42 t. Ezra (מֶלָךְ מַלְכַיָּא of Nebuchadnezzar Dan 2:37, of Artaxerxes Ezra 7:12 [compare Cooke71.3, of Xerxes]; מַלְכִין Dan 7:17 = kingdoms, compare מַלְכוּ vDan 7:23).

king, kings, royal
melek
a king
  • king

וּ מְהָקֵ֣ים
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
מְהָקֵ֣ים
Root word up, arise, set, stood, stand, …
Dictionary form: קוּם · koom

Verb — Haphel, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state causative (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Hiphil ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: and setteth up
had set up ×4 and setteth up ×2 stood ×2 thou hast set up ×2 to set ×2 and it raised up ×1 and made stand ×1 and rose up ×1
More options
rise — Most neutral, broadly applicable across narrative contexts.
stand — Use when emphasizing upright position or endurance.
set up — Prefer for erecting structures, statues, or institutions.
establish — Formal register; suits covenants, kingdoms, or decrees.
appoint — Use when designating a person or role officially.
raise up — Good for God raising leaders or nations; vivid agency.

BDB9856 H6965 H6966

BDB9855 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9857

[קוּם] verb arise, stand (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular קָם Dan 3:24, 3 masculine plural קָ֫מוּ Ezra 5:2 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְקוּם Dan 6:20; Dan 7:24, 3 feminine singular תְּקוּם Dan 2:39; Dan 2:44 3 masculine plural יְקוּמוּן Dan 7:10; Dan 7:17; Dan 7:24 (׳יְקֻ); Participle קָאֵם Dan 2:31, plural קאמין Kt, קָֽיְמִין Qr, Dan 3:3, emphatic קָֽאֲמַיָּא Dan 7:16 —
1. literally arise Dan 3:24 (i.e. from throne), Dan 6:20 (from bed).
2. figurative = come on the scene of history: of kingdom Dan 2:39, king Dan 7:17; Dan 7:24 (both מִן of source), vDan 7:24.
3. arise (out of inaction), and build Ezra 5:2, devour Dan 7:5b.
4. stand, literal, לָקֳבֵל person Dan 2:31, compare Dan 3:3, קֳדָם person Dan 7:10 participle as noun, those standing (there) vDan 7:16.
5. endure, kingdom Dan 2:44. Pa`el set up, establish an ordinance (קְיָם): Infinitive לְקַיָּמָה Dan 6:8. Haph`el (K§ 45, 4) Perfect 3 masculine singular הֲקֵים Dan 3:2 +, וַהֲקִים Dan 6:2, suffix הֱקִימֵהּ Dan 5:11, אֲקִימֵהּ Dan 3:1 3 feminine singular הֱקִמַת Dan 7:5 2 masculine singular הֲקֵימְתּ Dan 3:12; Dan 3:18 1 singular הֲקֵ֫ימֶת לָא Dan 3:14 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְהָקֵים (K§ 45, b)) Dan 5:21; Dan 6:16, יְקִים Dan 2:44; Dan 4:14 Infinitive suffix לַהֲקָמוּתֵהּ Dan 6:4 Participle active מְהָקֵים Dan 2:21 —
1. set up, literal image Dan 3:1; Dan 3:2; Dan 3:3 (twice in verse); Dan 3:5; Dan 3:7; Dan 3:12; Dan 3:14; Dan 3:18 figurative kings Dan 2:21, kingdom vDan 2:44.
2. lift up one side Dan 7:5 a (Dr).
3. establish, with accusative קְיָם Dan 6:16 (= Pa`el), אֱסָרָא v.Dan 6:9.
4. appoint Ezra 6:18, 2 accusative Dan 5:11 suffix person + עַל Dan 6:4, ל accusative of person + עַל Dan 4:14; Dan 5:21; Dan 6:2. Hoph`al Perfect 3 feminine singular הֳקִימַת (variants in Str; compare K§ 45, 5; not Hebraism NöGGA 1867, 1784; WCG 225, 253) Dan 7:4 be made to stand עַלרַגְיִן.

up, arise, set, stood, stand, …
qûm
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
  • to arise, stand
    • (P'al)
      • to arise from
        • "to come on the scene (figuratively)"to arise (out of inaction)"to stand"to endure
      (Pael) to set up, establish"(Aphel)
      • to set up
        • "to lift up"to establish"to appoint
      (Hophal) to be made to stand

מַלְכִ֑ין
מַלְכִ֑ין
Root word king, kings, royal
Dictionary form: מֶלֶךְ · meh-LEK

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: kings
the king ×75 o king ×19 the kings ×12 king ×10 kings ×9 unto the king ×9 and the king ×7 to the king ×6
More options
king — Standard modern rendering; broadly suitable in most contexts.
monarch — Formal or literary tone; emphasizes sovereign authority.
ruler — Broader term; useful when royal title is less central.
sovereign — Elevated register; stresses supreme political power.
royal — Adjectival use; prefer when modifying a noun directly.

BDB9662 H4429 H4430

BDB9661 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9663

מֶ֫לֶךְ178 noun masculine king (general Semitic; see Biblical Hebrew); — ׳מ absolute Dan 2:10 + 2 t.; construct Dan 4:34 + 6 t.; usually emphatic מַלְכָּא Ezra 4:8 + 154 t., ָ  ה Dan 2:11 plural מַלְכִין Ezra 4:15 + 9 t., ִ  ים Ezra 4:13 (Hebraism, BeRy M41*); emphatic מַלְכַיָּא Dan 2:44 + 2 t.; — king Dan 2:4; Dan 2:5 + 132 t. Daniel; Ezra 4:8; Ezra 4:11 + 42 t. Ezra (מֶלָךְ מַלְכַיָּא of Nebuchadnezzar Dan 2:37, of Artaxerxes Ezra 7:12 [compare Cooke71.3, of Xerxes]; מַלְכִין Dan 7:17 = kingdoms, compare מַלְכוּ vDan 7:23).

king, kings, royal
melek
a king
  • king

יָהֵ֤ב
יָהֵ֤ב
Root word given, gave, give, giveth, laid, …
Dictionary form: יְהַב · yeh-HAHB

Verb — Peal, Participle Active, masculine singular, absolute state simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: he giveth
and given ×2 be given ×2 given ×2 was given to it ×2 and gave a great ×1 and laid ×1 and there was given ×1 and they shall be given ×1
More options
give — Most versatile; covers commands, narration, and general sense.
grant — Prefer when a superior bestows something formally or officially.
hand over — Emphasizes physical transfer or delivery to a recipient.
pay — Best when the context involves tribute, wages, or settlement.
extend — Use for abstract giving such as prolonging time or life.
yield — Suits contexts of surrendering, producing, or conceding something.

BDB9573 H3051 H3052

BDB9572 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9574

יְהַב verb give (ᵑ7 Syriac; compare Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳י Ezra 5:12 +; 2 masculine singular יְהַבְתְּ Dan 2:23 3 masculine plural וִיהַ֫בוּ Dan 3:28 Imperative masculine singular הַב (K§ 11. 3. a)) Dan 5:17 Participle active יָהֵב Dan 2:21, plural יָָֽהֲבִין Dan 6:3 —
1. give, accusative of thing + ל person Dan 2:48; Dan 5:17, also (subject God) Dan 2:21; Dan 2:23; Dan 2:37; Dan 2:38; Dan 5:18; Dan 5:19 give report Dan 6:3 (ל person); give over, accusative of person + בְּיַד (יַד
2.) Ezra 5:12 (subject God); give up, surrender Dan 3:28 (one's body, accusative).
2. place, lay foundations Ezra 5:16 (Nabataean also place Cooke102, 1. 6 SACJQ 1904, 274; see
2. SchulthLex; and ZAW xxii (1902), 162; compare DWB 171). Pe`il (WCG 224), be given, subject thing, with ל person: 3 masculine singular יְהִיב Ezra 7:4; Ezra 7:6, יְהִב vEzra 7:14 vEzra 7:22, 3 feminine singular יְהִיבַת Ezra 5:28; Ezra 7:12; Ezra 7:27 3 masculine plural וִיהִ֫יבוּ Ezra 5:14 be given up (ל of flame) Dan 7:11. Hithpe`el Imperfect 3 masculine singular יִתְיְהֵב Dan 4:13, 3 feminine singular תִּתְיְה֑ב Ezra 6:4 3 masculine plural יִתְיַהֲבוּן Dan 7:25 Participle מִתְיְהֵב Ezra 4:20; Ezra 6:9, feminine singular מִתְיִהֲבָא vEzra 6:8, plural בין- Ezra 7:19 —
1. be given, subject thing, ל person Dan 4:13; Ezra 6:9; Ezra 7:19 be given over, subject person בִּידֵהּ (יַד
2.) Dan 7:25.
2. be paid, of cost Ezra 6:4 (מִן of source), vEzra 6:8 (ל person), toll Ezra 4:20 (ל person).

given, gave, give, giveth, laid, …
yĕhab
to give (whether literal or figurative); generally, to put; imperatively (reflexive) come
  • to give, provide
    • (P'al)
      • to give
        • "to place, lay (foundations)
      (Hithp'al)
      • to be given
        • "to be paid

חָכְמְתָ א֙
חָכְמְתָ
Root word wisdom
א֙
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: חׇכְמָה · hoke-MAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: wisdom
wisdom ×3 after the wisdom ×1 and wisdom ×1 like the wisdom ×1 me wisdom ×1 to me for any wisdom ×1
More options
wisdom — Modernized from KJV; broadly applicable in most contexts.
insight — Emphasizes perceptive understanding; good for practical contexts.
understanding — Highlights comprehension and discernment; slightly more cognitive.
expertise — Prefer when wisdom is skill-based or professional in nature.
discernment — Stresses careful judgment; suits ethical or judicial contexts.
knowledge — More factual tone; use when wisdom shades toward learned skill.

BDB9526 H2452

BDB9525 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9527

חָכְמָה noun feminine wisdom; — ׳ח absolute Dan 2:30 +, emphatic תָכְמְתָא Dan 2:20 +, construct חָכְמַת Dan 5:11; Ezra 7:25 — wisdom, attribute of God Dan 2:20 of gods Dan 5:11 of man Dan 2:30 of God imparted to man Ezra 7:25 (practical wisdom), Dan 2:21 = occult knowledge (see foregoing) imparted to men vDan 2:23; Dan 5:11.Dan 5:14.

wisdom
ḥokmâ
wisdom
  • wisdom

לְ חַכִּימִ֔ין
לְ
Prefix — preposition to, for
חַכִּימִ֔ין
Root word wise
Dictionary form: חַכִּים · hahk-KEEM

Noun — Common, masculine plural, absolute state plural — usually add "-s"

In the KJV here: unto the wise
the wise ×9 of the wise ×1 that the wise ×1 to the wise ×1 unto the wise ×1 wise ×1
More options
wise — Direct modern equivalent; broadly applicable in most contexts.
sage — Emphasizes deep, reflective wisdom; suits elevated or poetic register.
discerning — Highlights perceptive judgment; good for practical wisdom contexts.
learned — Stresses acquired knowledge; fits scholarly or scribal settings.
prudent — Foregrounds careful, measured thinking; suits wisdom-literature contexts.

BDB9525 H2445 H2450

BDB9524 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9526

[חַכִּים]14 noun masculine wise man (see Biblical Hebrew חכם); — plural absolute חַכִּימִין Dan 2:21 elsewhere of the class possessed of occult learning in Babylonian V:27, emphatic מַיָא- vDan 2:13; Dan 5:15 construct מֵי- Dan 2:12. Dan 12:14 + 7 t. Daniel.

wise
ḥakkîm
wise, i.e., a Magian
  • wise man, wise

וּ מַנְדְּעָ ֖א
וּ
Prefix — connector and (sometimes: but, so, then)
מַנְדְּעָ
Root word knowledge, reason, understanding
֖א
Prefix — article the
Dictionary form: מַנְדַּע · mahn-DA

Noun — Common, masculine singular, determined state determined — includes "the" (Aramaic)

In the KJV here: and knowledge
and knowledge ×2 and mine understanding ×1 my reason ×1
More options
understanding — Broad default; fits cognitive and practical contexts well.
knowledge — Emphasizes acquired information; good for formal contexts.
reason — Highlights rational faculty; suits contexts of sanity or judgment.
insight — Suggests deeper, intuitive grasp; more nuanced register.
intelligence — Useful when mental capacity or acuity is foregrounded.

BDB9572 H4486 H4093

BDB9571 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9573

מַנְדַּע noun [masculine] knowledge, power of knowing (ᵑ7J id.; Syriac , ; Biblical Hebrew מַדָּע (late); compare 'Mandâ' = γνῶσις, NöM xx); — absolute Dan 5:12 emphatic דְּעָא- Dan 2:21 suffix דְּעִי- Dan 4:31; Dan 4:33.

knowledge, reason, understanding
mandaʿ
wisdom or intelligence
  • knowledge, power of knowing

לְ יָדְעֵ֥י
לְ
Prefix — preposition to, for
יָדְעֵ֥י
Root word known, know, certify, knew, knewest, …
Dictionary form: יְדַע · yeh-DA

Verb — Peal, Participle Active, masculine plural, construct state simple action (Aramaic) — like Hebrew Qal ongoing action — try "___ing" or "one who ___s"

In the KJV here: to them that know
know ×5 known ×4 and make known ×3 make known ×3 thou know ×2 to make known ×2 also we certify ×1 and certified ×1
More options
know — Most direct, general-purpose rendering.
make known — Use when the sense is proclamation or disclosure.
reveal — Emphasizes unveiling hidden or divine information.
inform — Neutral; suits official or formal communication contexts.
certify — Formal/legal register; confirms or attests a fact.
teach — Use when the knowing involves instruction or training.

BDB9571 H3045 H3046

BDB9570 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9572

יְדַע verb know (see Biblical Hebrew); —

Pe`al Perfect 3 masculine singular ׳י Dan 5:21; Dan 6:11, 2 masculine singular יְדַ֫עָתָּ Dan 5:22, 1s. יִדְעֵת Dan 4:6 Imperfect 2 masculine singular תִּנְדַּע (K§ 11, 4. b) β)) Ezra 4:15 +, etc.; Imu. דַּע masculine singular (K§ 11. 3 a)) Dan 6:16 Participle active יָדַע Dan 2:8 +; plural יָָֽדְעִין Dan 5:23, etc.; passive יְדיעַ Dan 4:12 +; — know, with accusative of thing Dan 2:30; Dan 5:22, accusative of thing omitted Ezra 7:25 ׳יָֽדְעֵי דָּתֵי א, vEzra 7:25, יָָֽדְעֵי בִינָה Dan 2:21 with object clause vDan 2:8 vDan 2:9 vDan 2:22; Dan 4:6; Dan 4:14; Dan 4:23; Dan 4:29; Dan 5:21; Dan 6:11; Dan 6:16; Ezra 4:15, so (of God) Dan 4:22 participle active absolute Dan 5:23 having capacity of knowledge; passive in periphrase conjugation, subject clause + ל person Dan 3:18; Ezra 4:12; Ezra 4:13; Ezra 5:8. Haph`el Perfect 3 masculine singular הוֺדַע Dan 2:15 +, suffix הוֺדְעָךְ vDan 2:29, 2 masculine singular suffix הוֺדַעְתַּ֫נִי vDan 2:23, תֶּ֑נָה- vDan 2:23 1 plural הוֺדַ֫עְנָא Ezra 4:14 Imperfect 3 masculine singular יְהוֺדַע Dan 2:25, suffix יְהוֺדְעִנַּ֑נִי Dan 7:16, etc. (see K§ 43 c)); Infinitive לְהוֺדָעָה Dan 5:8, suffix לְהוֺדָעֻתַ֫נִי Dan 4:15; Dan 5:16, etc.; Participle active plural מְהוֺדְעִין Dan 4:4 +; — cause to know, inform : ל person Ezra 4:14, + accusative of thing Dan 2:15; Dan 2:17; Dan 2:25; Dan 2:30; Dan 4:4; Dan 5:8; Dan 5:17, so (sf, person) Dan 2:5; Dan 2:9; Dan 2:26; Dan 4:3; Dan 4:15; Dan 5:15; Dan 5:16; Dan 7:16, and (subject God) Dan 2:23 ל person + object clause Ezra 4:16; Ezra 7:24, so (of God) Dan 2:28; Dan 2:29; Dan 2:45, and (suffix person) V:23; accusative of person only Ezra 5:10; Ezra 7:25.

known, know, certify, knew, knewest, …
yĕdaʿ
to inform
  • to know
    • (P'al) to know
      • "(Aphel) to let someone know, communicate, inform, cause to know

בִינָֽה
בִינָֽה
Root word understanding
Dictionary form: בִּינָה · bee-NAW

Noun — Common, feminine singular, absolute state

In the KJV here: understanding
understanding ×1
More options
understanding — Modernized from KJV; broad, natural default choice.
discernment — Emphasizes ability to distinguish and perceive clearly.
insight — Highlights deep, penetrating comprehension; slightly more vivid.
comprehension — Neutral, cognitive nuance; suits didactic or wisdom contexts.
wisdom — Use when בִּינָה overlaps with חָכְמָה in context.
intelligence — Stresses mental acuity; fits rational or analytical passages.

BDB9370 H998 H999

BDB9369 | BIBLICAL ARAMAIC | BDB9371

בִּינָה noun feminine understanding (Biblical Hebrew; √; ᵑ7 בִּיוּנָא, Syriac ); — absolute ׳ב Dan 2:21.

understanding
bînâ
understanding
  • understanding, discernment

The cantillation accents are the Masoretes' punctuation: each group below ends at a pausing accent. Translate a group as one unit.
וְ֠הוּא מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א עִדָּנַיָּא֙ Pashta — a lesser break וְזִמְנַיָּ֔א Zaqef Qatan — a strong break מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין Tipeha — a lesser break וּמְהָקֵ֣ים מַלְכִ֑ין Etnahta — the verse's main pause — take a breath here יָהֵ֤ב חָכְמְתָא֙ Pashta — a lesser break לְחַכִּימִ֔ין Zaqef Qatan — a strong break וּמַנְדְּעָ֖א Tipeha — a lesser break לְיָדְעֵ֥י בִינָֽה Silluq — end of the verse

וְהוּא מְהַשְׁנֵא עִדָּנַיָּא וְזִמְנַיָּא מְהַעְדֵּה מַלְכִין וּמְהָקֵים מַלְכִין יָהֵב חָכְמְתָא לְחַכִּימִין וּמַנְדְּעָא לְיָדְעֵי בִינָֽה׃
21
And he changeth the times and the seasons: he removeth kings, and setteth up kings: he giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding:
Cross References

Psalms 75:5

אַל-תָּרִימוּ לַמָּרוֹם קַרְנְכֶם תְּדַבְּרוּ בְצַוָּאר עָתָֽק׃
5
Lift not up your horn on high: speak not with a stiff neck.

Psalms 31:14

וַאֲנִי׀ עָלֶיךָ בָטַחְתִּי יְהוָה אָמַרְתִּי אֱלֹהַי אָֽתָּה׃
14
But I trusted in thee, O LORD: I said, Thou art my God.

Psalms 113:7

מְקִֽימִי מֵעָפָר דָּל מֵֽאַשְׁפֹּת יָרִים אֶבְיֽוֹן׃
7
He raiseth up the poor out of the dust, and lifteth the needy out of the dunghill;

Daniel 4:17

בִּגְזֵרַת עִירִין פִּתְגָמָא וּמֵאמַר קַדִּישִׁין שְׁאֵֽלְתָא עַד-דִּבְרַת דִּי יִנְדְּעוּן חַיַּיָּא דִּֽי-שַׁלִּיט עִלָּיָא בְּמַלְכוּת אֲנָושָׁא וּלְמַן-דִּי יִצְבֵּא יִתְּנִנַּהּ וּשְׁפַל אֲנָשִׁים יְקִים עֲלַֽיהּ׃
17
This matter is by the decree of the watchers, and the demand by the word of the holy ones: to the intent that the living may know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will, and setteth up over it the basest of men.

Daniel 7:25

וּמִלִּין לְצַד ‫(עליא)‬ עִלָּאָה יְמַלִּל וּלְקַדִּישֵׁי עֶלְיוֹנִין יְבַלֵּא וְיִסְבַּר לְהַשְׁנָיָה זִמְנִין וְדָת וְיִתְיַהֲבוּן בִּידֵהּ עַד-עִדָּן וְעִדָּנִין וּפְלַג עִדָּֽן׃
25
And he shall speak great words against the most High, and shall wear out the saints of the most High, and think to change times and laws: and they shall be given into his hand until a time and times and the dividing of time.

James 3:15

οὐκ ἔστιν αὕτη ἡ σοφία ἄνωθεν κατερχομένη ἀλλ' ἐπίγειος ψυχική δαιμονιώδης
15
This wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly, sensual, devilish.

Daniel 4:32

וּמִן-אֲנָשָׁא לָךְ טָֽרְדִין וְֽעִם-חֵיוַת בָּרָא מְדֹרָךְ עִשְׂבָּא כְתוֹרִין לָךְ יְטַעֲמוּן וְשִׁבְעָה עִדָּנִין יַחְלְפוּן עֲלָיךְ עַד דִּֽי-תִנְדַּע דִּֽי-שַׁלִּיט עִלָּיָא בְּמַלְכוּת אֲנָשָׁא וּלְמַן-דִּי יִצְבֵּא יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃
32
And they shall drive thee from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field: they shall make thee to eat grass as oxen, and seven times shall pass over thee, until thou know that the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will.

Job 34:24

יָרֹעַ כַּבִּירִים לֹא-חֵקֶר וַיַּעֲמֵד אֲחֵרִים תַּחְתָּֽם׃
24
He shall break in pieces mighty men without number, and set others in their stead.

Proverbs 8:15

בִּי מְלָכִים יִמְלֹכוּ וְרֹזְנִים יְחֹקְקוּ צֶֽדֶק׃
15
By me kings reign, and princes decree justice.

2 Chronicles 1:10

עַתָּה חָכְמָה וּמַדָּע תֶּן-לִי וְאֵֽצְאָה לִפְנֵי הָֽעָם-הַזֶּה וְאָבוֹאָה כִּֽי-מִי יִשְׁפֹּט אֶת-עַמְּךָ הַזֶּה הַגָּדֽוֹל׃
10
Give me now wisdom and knowledge, that I may go out and come in before this people: for who can judge this thy people, that is so great?

Acts 13:21

κἀκεῖθεν ᾐτήσαντο βασιλέα καὶ ἔδωκεν αὐτοῖς ὁ θεὸς τὸν Σαοὺλ υἱὸν Κίς ἄνδρα ἐκ φυλῆς Βενιαμίν ἔτη τεσσαράκοντα
21
And afterward they desired a king: and God gave unto them Saul the son of Cis, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, by the space of forty years.

Luke 1:51

Ἐποίησεν κράτος ἐν βραχίονι αὐτοῦ διεσκόρπισεν ὑπερηφάνους διανοίᾳ καρδίας αὐτῶν·
51
He hath shewed strength with his arm; he hath scattered the proud in the imagination of their hearts.

Job 12:18

מוּסַר מְלָכִים פִּתֵּחַ וַיֶּאְסֹר אֵזוֹר בְּמָתְנֵיהֶֽם׃
18
He looseth the bond of kings, and girdeth their loins with a girdle.

1 Kings 4:29

וַיִּתֵּן אֱלֹהִים חָכְמָה לִשְׁלֹמֹה וּתְבוּנָה הַרְבֵּה מְאֹד וְרֹחַב לֵב כַּחוֹל אֲשֶׁר עַל-שְׂפַת הַיָּֽם׃
29
And God gave Solomon wisdom and understanding exceeding much, and largeness of heart, even as the sand that is on the sea shore.

Jeremiah 27:5

אָנֹכִי עָשִׂיתִי אֶת-הָאָרֶץ אֶת-הָאָדָם וְאֶת-הַבְּהֵמָה אֲשֶׁר עַל-פְּנֵי הָאָרֶץ בְּכֹחִי הַגָּדוֹל וּבִזְרוֹעִי הַנְּטוּיָה וּנְתַתִּיהָ לַאֲשֶׁר יָשַׁר בְּעֵינָֽי׃
5
I have made the earth, the man and the beast that are upon the ground, by my great power and by my outstretched arm, and have given it unto whom it seemed meet unto me.

James 1:5

Εἰ δέ τις ὑμῶν λείπεται σοφίας αἰτείτω παρὰ τοῦ διδόντος θεοῦ πᾶσιν ἁπλῶς καὶ μὴ ὀνειδίζοντος καὶ δοθήσεται αὐτῷ
5
If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him.

Proverbs 2:6

כִּֽי-יְהוָה יִתֵּן חָכְמָה מִפִּיו דַּעַת וּתְבוּנָֽה׃
6
For the LORD giveth wisdom: out of his mouth cometh knowledge and understanding.

James 1:17

πᾶσα δόσις ἀγαθὴ καὶ πᾶν δώρημα τέλειον ἄνωθέν ἐστιν καταβαῖνον ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς τῶν φώτων παρ' ᾧ οὐκ ἔνι παραλλαγὴ ἢ τροπῆς ἀποσκίασμα
17
Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, and cometh down from the Father of lights, with whom is no variableness, neither shadow of turning.

Luke 21:15

ἐγὼ γὰρ δώσω ὑμῖν στόμα καὶ σοφίαν ᾗ οὐ δυνήσονται ἀντειπεῖν οὐδὲ ἀντιστῆναι πάντες οἱ ἀντικείμενοι ὑμῖν
15
For I will give you a mouth and wisdom, which all your adversaries shall not be able to gainsay nor resist.

1 Samuel 2:7

יְהוָה מוֹרִישׁ וּמַֽעֲשִׁיר מַשְׁפִּיל אַף-מְרוֹמֵֽם׃
7
The LORD maketh poor, and maketh rich: he bringeth low, and lifteth up.
Daniel 2:20
Read Daniel 2
Daniel 2:22